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ChineseGrammarWiki


			
				
					
						
						
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  <h1></h1>

  <p>Although it's standard practice to put a word or phrase that modifies a verb before the verb, there are, of course, exceptions. <a href="%E7%BB%99" class="uri" title="wikilink">给</a> (<span class="pinyin">gěi</span>) is one of those exceptions; it sometimes comes before the verb, and sometimes after. This article is about when it comes after.</p>

  <h2>Contents</h2>

  <ol>
    <li>Structure<br/></li>

    <li>Examples<br/></li>

    <li>See also<br/></li>

    <li>Sources and further reading<br/></li>

    <ol>
      <li>Books<br/></li>
    </ol>
  </ol>

  <h2 id="basic-pattern">Basic Pattern</h2>

  <h3 id="structure">Structure</h3>

  <p>Note that the verbs that fit into this pattern are normally single-syllable verbs.</p>

  <div>
    <div class="deux">
      Subj. + Verb + <span class="hanzist">给</span> + [Recipient] + Obj.
    </div>
  </div>

  <h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span class="hanzi">他 送给 了 我 一 束 花。</span> <span class="pinyin">Tā sòng gěi le wǒ yī shù huā.</span> <span> He gave me a bouquet of flowers.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">这 个 老板 卖给 了 我 一 条 死 鱼。</span> <span class="pinyin">Zhège lǎobǎn mài gěi le wǒ yītiáo sǐ yú.</span> <span> This boss sold me a dead fish.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我 要 还给 你 三 十 块 钱。</span> <span class="pinyin">Wǒ yào huán gěi nǐ sānshí kuài qián.</span> <span> I need to return 30rmb to you.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">房东 租给 了 我 一 个 很 便宜 的 房子。</span> <span class="pinyin">Fángdōng zū gěi le wǒ yīgè hěn piányi de fángzi.</span><br/><span> The landlord rented a very cheap house to me.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我 借给 了 他 一 本 书。</span> <span class="pinyin">Wǒ jiè gěi le tā yī běn shū.</span> <span> I lent him a book.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我 要 糖，他 递给 了 我 一 瓶 盐。</span> <span class="pinyin">Wǒ yào táng, tā dì gěi le wǒ yī píng yán.</span> <span> I wanted sugar, he handed me a bottle of salt.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">姐姐 分给 了 我 一块 蛋糕。</span> <span class="pinyin">Jiějie fēn gěi le wǒ yīkuài dàngāo.</span> <span> Older sister gave me a piece of cake.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">老师 传授给 了 学生 很多 经验。</span> <span class="pinyin">Lǎoshī chuánshòu gěi le xuésheng hěn duō jīngyàn.</span> <span> The teacher passed on a lot of experience to us.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我们 献给 了 老师 一 首 歌。</span> <span class="pinyin">Wǒmen xiàn gěi le lǎoshī yī shǒu gē.</span> <span> We dedicated a song to the teacher.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">这些 校友 捐给 了 学校 二 十 万。</span> <span class="pinyin">Zhèxiē xiàoyǒu juān gěi le xuéxiào èrshí wàn.</span><br/><span> These alumni donated two hundred thousand to the school.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">主人 赏给 了 小狗 一 块 肉。</span> <span class="pinyin">Zhǔrén shǎng gěi le xiǎo gǒu yīkuài ròu.</span> <span> The owner rewarded his dog with a piece of meat.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">一 个 孩子 交给 了 我 一 封 信。</span> <span class="pinyin">Yīgè xiǎohái jiāo gěi le wǒ yī fēng xìn.</span> <span> A child gave me a letter.</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h2 id="pattern-using-把">Pattern Using <span class="hanzist">把</span></h2>

  <h3 id="structure-1">Structure</h3>

  <p>Additionally, you can add <a href="%E6%8A%8A" class="uri" title="wikilink">把</a> into this structure. This does not change the meaning of the sentence and when used in context can even add emphasis to what's being done and given.</p>

  <div>
    <div class="deux">
      Subj. + <span class="hanzist">把</span> + Obj. + Verb + <span class="hanzist">给</span> + Somebody
    </div>
  </div>

  <h3 id="examples-1">Examples</h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span class="hanzi">他 把 一 束 花 送给 了 我。</span> <span class="pinyin">Tā bǎ yī shù huā sòng gěi le wǒ.</span><br/><span> He gave me a bouquet of flowers.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">这 个 老板 把 一 条 死鱼 卖给 了 我。</span> <span class="pinyin">Zhège lǎobǎn bǎ yītiáo sǐ yú mài gěi le wǒ.</span><br/><span> This boss sold me a dead fish.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">房东 把 一 个 很 便宜 的 房子 租给 了 我。</span> <span class="pinyin">Fángdōng bǎ yī gè hěn piányi de fángzi zū gěi le wǒ.</span><br/><span> The landlord rented a very cheap house to me.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我 把 书 借给 了 他。</span> <span class="pinyin">Wǒ bǎ shū jiè gěi le tā.</span><br/><span> I lent him a book.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我 要 糖，他 把 一 瓶 盐 递给 了 我。</span> <span class="pinyin">Wǒ yào táng, tā bǎ yī píng yán dì gěi le wǒ.</span><br/><span> I wanted sugar, he handed me a bottle of salt.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">姐姐 把 一 块 蛋糕 分给 了 我。</span> <span class="pinyin">Jiějie bǎ yīkuài dàngāo fēn gěi le wǒ.</span><br/><span> Older sister gave me a piece of cake.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">老师 把 很 多 经验 都 传授 给 了 学生。</span> <span class="pinyin">Lǎoshī bǎ hěn duō jīngyàn dōu chuánshòu gěi le xuésheng.</span><br/><span> The teacher passed on a lot of experience to us.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我们 把 一 首 歌 献给 了 老师。</span> <span class="pinyin">Wǒmen bǎ yī shǒu gē xiàn gěi le lǎoshī.</span> <span> We dedicated a song to the teacher.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">这些 校友 把 二 十 万 捐给 了 学校。</span> <span class="pinyin">Zhèxiē xiàoyǒu bǎ èrshí wàn juān gěi le xuéxiào.</span><br/><span> These alumnus donated two hundred thousand to the school.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">主人 把 一 块 肉 赏给 了 小狗。</span> <span class="pinyin">Zhǔrén bǎ yīkuài ròu shǎng gěi le xiǎo gǒu.</span><br/><span> The owner rewarded his dog with a piece of meat.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">一 个 孩子 把 一 封 信 交给 了 我。</span> <span class="pinyin">Yī gè xiǎohái bǎ yī fēng xìn jiāo gěi le wǒ.</span><br/><span> A child gave me a letter.</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h3 id="exception-to-the-把-pattern-嫁">Exception to the <span class="hanzist">把</span> Pattern: <span class="hanzist">嫁</span></h3>

  <p>Note that the verb <span class="hanzi">嫁</span> (<span class="pinyin">jià</span>) cannot fit into the <span class="hanzi">把</span> pattern above; it's an exception.</p>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span class="hanzi">她 嫁给 了 一 个 有 钱 的 老头。</span> <span class="pinyin">Tā jià gěi le yī gè yǒu qián de lǎotóu.</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <p>If you really want to make a <span class="hanzi">把</span> sentence, though, you can do this:</p>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span class="hanzi">她 的 爸爸 把 她 嫁给 了 一 个 有 钱 的 老头。</span> <span class="pinyin">Tā de bàba bǎ tā jià gěi le yī gè yǒu qián de lǎotóu.</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h2 id="academic-debate">Academic Debate</h2>

  <p>Although <span class="hanzi">给</span> phrases should normally precede a verb like any other prepositional phrase, they sometimes come after. Why have it both ways? There is some academic debate over whether this <span class="hanzi">给</span> is actually a <a href="preposition" class="uri" title="wikilink">preposition</a> or a type of verb (often called a "<b>co-verb</b>"), or even a type of <a href="complement" class="uri" title="wikilink">complement</a>. This type of discussion is outside the scope of this article, however.</p>

  <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>

  <ul>
    <li><a href="Verbs_with_&quot;gei&quot;" title="wikilink">Verbs with "gei"</a></li>

    <li><a href="&quot;for&quot;_with_&quot;gei&quot;" title="wikilink">"for" with "gei"</a></li>

    <li><a href="Expressing_passive_voice_with_&quot;gei&quot;" title="wikilink">Expressing passive voice with "gei"</a></li>

    <li><a href="Advanced_uses_of_&quot;ba&quot;" title="wikilink">Advanced uses of "ba"</a></li>
  </ul>

  <h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further reading</h2>

  <h3 id="books">Books</h3>

  <ul>
    <li><span class="hanzi">现代汉语虚词例释</span> (p. 196)</li>
  </ul>

  <h3 id="dictionaries">Dictionaries</h3>

  <ul>
    <li><span class="hanzi">现代汉语词典（第5版）</span> (p. 464)</li>
  </ul>
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