eric
/
ChineseGrammarWiki


			
				
					
						
						
							123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148
							<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
  <meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy for HTML5 for Linux version 5.2.0"/>
  <title></title>
  <link href="../Styles/main.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
</head>

<body>
  <h1></h1>

  <p>You probably learned the <a href="result_complement" title="wikilink">result complement</a> <span class="hanzi">到</span> a long time ago, as part of words like <span class="hanzi">看到</span> ("<b>to see</b>") and <span class="hanzi">听到 </span>("<b>to hear</b>"). But other times it's less clear what the <span class="hanzi">到</span> really means. Like the difference between <span class="hanzi">买</span> and <span class="hanzi">买到</span> or <span class="hanzi">做</span> and <span class="hanzi">做到</span>. What <span class="hanzi">到</span> adds is a clearer sense that something has really been achieved.</p>

  <h2>Contents</h2>

  <ol>
    <li>Structure<br/></li>

    <li>Examples<br/></li>

    <li>See also<br/></li>

    <li>Sources and further reading<br/></li>

    <ol>
      <li>Books<br/></li>
    </ol>
  </ol>

  <h2 id="the-difference-到-makes">The difference <span class="hanzist">到</span> makes</h2>

  <p>Adding <span class="hanzi">到</span> after a verb makes it very clear that the desired result was achieved. If you looked and you saw, then <span class="hanzi">到</span> indicates that. On the other hand, not adding <span class="hanzi">到</span> makes it unclear whether or not the desired result was achieved. It can have the effect of making a verb mean "<b>try to verb</b>." So <span class="hanzi">做</span> without <span class="hanzi">到</span> is kind of like "<b>try to do</b>," but when you want to make it very clear that results were achieved or must be achieved, that's when you want to add <span class="hanzi">到</span>.</p>

  <p>Let's look at another example. The difference between <span class="hanzi">找</span> and <span class="hanzi">找到</span> is that <span class="hanzi">找</span> means "<b>to search</b>" (in other words, "<b>to try to find</b>"), whereas <span class="hanzi">找到</span> means "<b>to find</b>," that the search was successful, and results were achieved. So if one were to say "<span class="hanzi">你一定要找,</span>" it would mean "<b>you must try to find it</b>" and "<span class="hanzi">你一定要找到</span>" means "<b>you must find it.</b>"</p>

  <h2 id="illustrative-examples">Illustrative Examples</h2>

  <h3 id="做-vs.-做到"><span class="hanzist">做</span> vs. <span class="hanzist">做到</span></h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span class="hanzi">我 还 没有 做。</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ hái méiyǒu zuò.</span> <span>I haven‘t done it.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我 下 个 星期 可以 做。</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ xià gè xīngqī kěyǐ zuò.</span> <span>I can do it next week.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我 相信 你 一定 能 做到。</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ xiāngxìn nǐ yīdìng néng zuòdào.</span> <span>I believe you will be able to do it.</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h3 id="买-vs.-买到"><span class="hanzist">买</span> vs. <span class="hanzist">买到</span></h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span class="hanzi">我 还 没有 买。</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ hái méiyǒu mǎi.</span> <span>I haven't bought it yet.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我 没 买到。</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ méi mǎidào.</span> <span>I didn't buy it.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">这里 很 难 买到 进口 食品。</span><span class="pinyin">Zhèlǐ hěn nán mǎidào jìnkǒu shípǐn.</span> <span>It's hard to buy imported good here.</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h3 id="学-vs.-学到"><span class="hanzist">学</span> vs. <span class="hanzist">学到</span></h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span class="hanzi">我 想 学 中文。</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng xué Zhōngwén.</span> <span>I want to learn Chinese.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我们 今天 学 了 “恭喜发财”。</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒmen jīntiān xué le “gōngxǐ fācái”.</span> <span>Today we learned "kung hei fat choy."</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">在 这个 公司 工作，我 学到 了 很 多 东西。</span><span class="pinyin">Zài zhège gōngsī gōngzuò, wǒ xuédào le hěn duō dōngxi.</span> <span>Working for this company, I learned a lot of things.</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h3 id="拿-vs.-拿到"><span class="hanzist">拿</span> vs. <span class="hanzist">拿到</span></h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span class="hanzi">你 拿 小包，我 拿 大包。</span><span class="pinyin">Nǐ ná xiǎo bāo, wǒ ná dà bāo.</span> <span>You take the small bag, I'll take the big bag.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">今天 去 拿 婚纱，不 知道 能 不 能 拿到。</span><span class="pinyin">Jīntiān qù ná hūnshā, bù zhīdào néng bu néng nádào.</span><br/><span>Today I'm going to pick up the wedding dress, not sure if I'll be able to get it or not.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">他 偷偷 进 了 她 的 房间，拿到 了 他 想要 的 东西。</span><span class="pinyin">Tā tōutōu jìn le tā de fángjiān, nádào le tā xiǎngyào de dōngxi.</span> <span>He secretly entered her room and got the thing he wanted to take.</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h3 id="想-vs.-想到"><span class="hanzist">想</span> vs. <span class="hanzist">想到</span></h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span class="hanzi">一定 要 想 一 个办法。</span><span class="pinyin">Yīdìng yào xiǎng yī gè bànfǎ.</span> <span>You have to think of a method.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">你 想到 了 什么好办法？</span><span class="pinyin">Nǐ xiǎngdào le shénme hǎo bànfǎ?</span><br/><span>Have you thought of any good methods yet?</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我们 都 没 想到 他 会 这么 说。</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒmen dōu méi xiǎngdào tā huì zhème shuō.</span><br/><span>None of us thought that he would say it like that.</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h3 id="看-vs.-看到"><span class="hanzist">看</span> vs. <span class="hanzist">看到</span></h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span class="hanzi">我 在 看 一些 老 照片。</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ zài kàn yīxiē lǎo zhàopiàn.</span> <span>I'm looking at some old photos.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">看到 这 张 照片，我 想到 了 我 的 女儿。</span><span class="pinyin">Kàndào zhè zhāng zhàopiàn, wǒ xiǎngdào le wǒ de nǚ'ér.</span> <span>After seeing this photo, I thought of my daughter.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我 看到 他 了，在 那里！</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ kàndào tā le, zài nàlǐ!</span> <span>I see him, over there!</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h3 id="追-vs.-追到"><span class="hanzist">追</span> vs. <span class="hanzist">追到</span></h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span class="hanzi">怎么 追 女孩子？</span><span class="pinyin">Zěnme zhuī nǚ háizi?</span> <span>How do you chase girls?</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">那 个 女孩子，你 追到了吗？</span><span class="pinyin">Nàge nǚháizi, nǐ zhuīdào le ma?</span> <span>That girl, did you catch her yet?</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">如果 你 追到她了，我 就 请 你 喝酒。</span><span class="pinyin">Rúguǒ nǐ zhuīdào tā le, wǒ jiù qǐng nǐ hējiǔ.</span> <span>If you can really catch her, I'll treat you to a drink.</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h3 id="了解-vs.-了解到"><span class="hanzist">了解</span> vs. <span class="hanzist">了解到</span></h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span class="hanzi">我 不 太 了解 这个 人。</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ bù tài liǎojiě zhège rén.</span> <span>I don't really understand this person.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我们 刚刚 了解到 一些 新 的 信息。</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒmen gānggāng liǎojiědào yīxiē xīn de xìnxī.</span> <span>We just understood the new information.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">从 他 那里，我 了解到 了 这个 女人 很 多 事。</span><span class="pinyin">Cóng tā nàlǐ, wǒ liǎojiědào le zhège nǚrén hěn duō shì.</span> <span>From him, I understood a lot of things regarding this girl.</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h3 id="联系-vs.-联系到"><span class="hanzist">联系</span> vs. <span class="hanzist">联系到</span></h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span class="hanzi">我们 怎么 联系？</span> <span class="pinyin">Wǒmen zěnme liánxì?</span> <span> How do we get in contact?</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我 一直 想 跟 你 联系，但是 一直 没 联系到 你。</span> <span class="pinyin">Wǒ yīzhí xiǎng gēn nǐ liánxì, dànshì yīzhí méi liánxìdào nǐ.</span> <span> I always wanted get in contact with you, but I never could get a hold of you.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">你 知道 怎么 能 联系到 他吗？</span> <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zhīdào zěnme néng liánxìdào tā ma?</span><br/><span> Do you know how to get in contact with him?</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</body>
</html>