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ChineseGrammarWiki


			
				
					
						
						
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  <h1></h1>

  <p>Both <span class="hanzi">再</span> (<span class="pinyin">zài</span>) and <span class="hanzi">又</span> (<span class="pinyin">yòu</span>) express the duplication of an action and can be roughly translated in English to "<b>again</b>." However, <span class="hanzi">再</span> is used to express actions that have not yet occurred (the "<b>future again</b>") and <span class="hanzi">又</span> is used for actions that have already occurred (the "<b>past again</b>"). They're not interchangeable.</p>

  <h2>Contents</h2>

  <ol>
    <li>Structure<br/></li>

    <li>Examples<br/></li>

    <li>See also<br/></li>

    <li>Sources and further reading<br/></li>

    <ol>
      <li>Books<br/></li>
    </ol>
  </ol>

  <h2 id="再-is-used-to-express-repetition-of-an-action-in-the-future"><span class="hanzist">再</span> is used to express repetition of an action in the future</h2>

  <p><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 22px;">再</span> is used to express something that <a href="Again_in_the_future_with_&quot;zai&quot;" title="wikilink">has already happened and will happen again</a>.</p>

  <h3 id="structure">Structure</h3>

  <div>
    <div class="deux">
      Subj. + <span class="hanzist">再</span> + Verb + Obj.
    </div>
  </div>

  <h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span><span class="hanzi">我们 下次 再 来 这里 吧。</span> We will come here again next time.</span></li>

      <li><span><span class="hanzi">你 再 帮 我 打印 两 张，这些 不 够。</span> You will help me print two sheets, these aren't enough.</span></li>

      <li><span><span class="hanzi">请 再 说 一次。</span> Please say it one more time.</span></li>

      <li><span class="vert"><span class="hanzi">请 又 说 一次。</span> Since it is asking about a future action, you can't use "又"</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h2 id="再-can-be-used-to-say-another"><span class="hanzist">再</span> can be used to say "another"</h2>

  <p>Aside from expressing the repetition of an action, <a href="Again_in_the_future_with_&quot;zai&quot;" title="wikilink">再 can also be used to express the equivalent of the English word "another"</a>.</p>

  <h3 id="structure-1">Structure</h3>

  <div>
    <div class="deux">
      Subj. + <span class="hanzist">再</span> + Verb + Obj.
    </div>
  </div>

  <p>Note that the "Object" mentioned above is usually also going to have an <span class="hanzi">一</span> and a <a href="measure_word" title="wikilink">measure word</a> in front of it. You'll see that in the examples below.</p>

  <h3 id="examples-1">Examples</h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span><span class="hanzi">我 要 再 看 一部 电影。</span> I am going to watch another movie.</span></li>

      <li><span class="vert"><span class="hanzi">我 得 又 写 一篇 作文。</span> Since it is about the future, you can't use "又"</span></li>

      <li><span><span class="hanzi">你 可以 再 做 一碗 面条 吗。</span> You can make another bowl of noodles.</span></li>

      <li><span class="vert"><span class="hanzi">我 要 又 吃 一块 蛋糕。</span> Since it is about the future, you can't use "又"</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h2 id="再-can-be-used-to-say-and-then"><span class="hanzist">再</span> can be used to say "and then"</h2>

  <p><a href="Sequencing_with_&quot;xian&quot;_and_&quot;zai&quot;" title="wikilink">再 can be used with 先 to express sequential order</a>. (ex. <b>Do this....and then this....</b>) In some cases, <span class="hanzi">再</span> can appear by itself to simply mean "<b>and then.</b>" While this doesn't sound so easy to confuse with <span class="hanzi">又</span>, it's actually quite common for intermediate learners to misunderstand this use of <span class="hanzi">再</span> as meaning "<b>again</b>," so it's definitely worth mentioning here.</p>

  <h3 id="structure-2">Structure</h3>

  <div>
    <div class="deux">
      Subj. + (<span class="hanzist">先</span>) + Action 1 + <span class="hanzist">再</span> + Action 2
    </div>
  </div>

  <h3 id="examples-2">Examples</h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span><span class="hanzi">我们 先 做 作业 再 去 酒吧。</span> First we'll do our work, then we'll go to the bar.</span></li>

      <li><span><span class="hanzi">我 先 买 房子 再 结婚。</span> First I'll buy a house, then I'll get married.</span></li>

      <li><span><span class="hanzi">我们 买完 饮料 以后 再 看 电影。</span> After we buy a drink, then we'll go to a movie.</span></li>

      <li><span><span class="hanzi">我们 回家 再 讨论 好 吗？</span> We discuss it after we go home, OK?</span></li>

      <li><span class="vert"><span class="hanzi">我 要 看 完 书 又 睡觉。</span> '"又"can not be used as the action"go to bed" haven't occured yet.</span></li>

      <li><span class="vert"><span class="hanzi">你 先 吃饭 又 打 电话 給 父母。</span> "又" does not sequence events.</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h2 id="又-is-used-to-express-repetition-of-an-action-that-has-already-occurred-in-the-past"><span class="hanzist">又</span> is used to express repetition of an action that has already occurred in the past</h2>

  <p><span style="color: rgb(255, 127, 80); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 30px;">又</span> is used in declarative sentences and describes the <a href="Again_in_the_past_with_&quot;you&quot;" title="wikilink">simple repetition of actions</a>. This repeated action has already occurred once in the past.</p>

  <h3 id="structure-3">Structure</h3>

  <div>
    <div class="deux">
      Subj. + <span class="hanzist">又</span> + Verb + <span style="color: rgb(255, 127, 80); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 30px;">了</span>
    </div>
  </div>

  <h3 id="example">Example</h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span><span class="hanzi">你 怎么 又 给 我 打 电话，什么事？</span> You keep calling me, what's the matter?</span></li>

      <li><span><span class="hanzi">这 个 老 男人 又 来 了。</span> This old man came again.</span></li>

      <li><span><span class="hanzi">他 又 不 来 上课 了，老师 可能 罚 他。</span> He didn't come to class again. The teacher is probably going to punish him.</span></li>

      <li><span><span class="hanzi">你 为什么 又 看 这本书？ 你 已经 看过 了。</span> Why are you reading that book again？ You already read it.</span></li>

      <li><span class="vert"><span class="hanzi">昨天 他 再 喝醉 了</span> "再" is not used for past events.</span></li>

      <li><span class="vert"><span class="hanzi">昨天 我 再 看 电影 了</span> "再" is not used for past events.</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h2 id="又-adds-emotional-coloring-to-events-recurring-in-the-future"><span class="hanzist">又</span> adds emotional coloring to events recurring in the future</h2>

  <p><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 22px;">又</span> is sometimes used to express that something that has happened before is going to happen in the immediate future. In this case, it usually appears with <span class="hanzi">要</span> (<span class="pinyin">yào</span>), <span class="hanzi">可以</span> (<span class="pinyin">kěyǐ</span>), <span class="hanzi">能</span> (<span class="pinyin">néng</span>), or <span class="hanzi">是</span> (<span class="pinyin">shì</span>). This usage often expresses exasperation or impatience with something happening yet again, but sometimes it's more neutral, or even happy.</p>

  <h3 id="structure-4">Structure</h3>

  <div>
    <div class="deux">
      Subj. + <span class="hanzist">又 + 助动词 / 谓语动词</span> + Obj.
    </div>
  </div>

  <h3 id="example-1">Example</h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span><span class="hanzi">明天 又 要 开会，真 烦 人 。</span> We're having ANOTHER meeting tomorrow. So annoying!</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">你 又 要 辞职 了 ？ 为什么 ？</span> <span>You're going to resign again? Why?</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">夏天 快 到 了，又 可以 吃 冰淇淋 了 ！</span> <span>It's almost summer, and we can eat ice cream again!</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">明天 又 是 星期一 ！</span> <span>Tomorrow is Monday again.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">如果 我 能 瘦 一些，我 就 又 能 穿 我 最 喜欢 的 牛仔裤 啦 ！</span> <span>If I can slim down a bit, I can wear my favorite jeans again!</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h2 id="both-再-and-又-have-other-uses-as-well">Both <span class="hanzist">再</span> and <span class="hanzist">又</span> have other uses as well</h2>

  <p>The comparisons above are the cases where <span class="hanzi">又</span> and <span class="hanzi">再</span> are most easily confused. This wiki also has other uses of both, however:</p>

  <ul>
    <li><a href="%E5%8F%88" title="wikilink">All uses of 又</a></li>

    <li><a href="%E5%86%8D" title="wikilink">All uses of 再</a></li>
  </ul>

  <h2 id="see-also">See Also</h2>

  <ul>
    <li><a href="Sequencing_with_&quot;xian&quot;_and_&quot;zai&quot;" title="wikilink">Sequencing with "xian" and "zai"</a></li>

    <li><a href="Again_in_the_future_with_&quot;zai&quot;" title="wikilink">Again in the future with "zai"</a></li>

    <li><a href="Again_in_the_past_with_&quot;you&quot;" title="wikilink">Again in the past with "you"</a></li>
  </ul>

  <h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further reading</h2>

  <h3 id="books">Books</h3>

  <ul>
    <li>Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1 (pp. 157)</li>

    <li>New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (<span class="hanzi">新实用汉语课本3</span>) (pp. 202)</li>

    <li>Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1 (pp. 157)</li>

    <li>Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2 (pp. 288)</li>

    <li>New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (<span class="hanzi"><span class="hanzi">新实用汉语课本3</span></span>) (pp. 202)</li>

    <li>Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed) (pp. 258-9)</li>

    <li>Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2 (pp. 19-20)</li>
  </ul>

  <h3 id="websites">Websites</h3>

  <ul>
    <li>Yale Chinese Usage Dictionary: <a href="http://comet.cls.yale.edu/chineseusagedictionary/0212.html">Using <span class="hanzi">再</span> and <span class="hanzi">又</span></a></li>
  </ul>

  <p><a href="Category:grammar_comparison" title="wikilink">Category:grammar comparison</a></p>
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