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- <p>The differences between <span class="hanzi">反而</span> (<span class="pinyin">fǎn'ér</span>) and <span class="hanzi">相反</span> (<span class="pinyin">xiāngfǎn</span>) are pretty clear. <span class="hanzi">反而</span> is an <a href="adverb" class="uri" title="wikilink">adverb</a>, while <span class="hanzi">相反</span> is an <a href="adjective" class="uri" title="wikilink">adjective</a> and also a <a href="conjunction" class="uri" title="wikilink">conjunction</a>, and this determines how they are used grammatically.</p>
- <h2 id="position-in-a-sentence">Position in a Sentence</h2>
- <h3 id="structure">Structure</h3>
- <p><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 22px;">相反</span> normally starts a sentence, and when used should be followed with a comma. As an adverb, <span class="hanzi">反而</span> is not so set apart from the rest of the sentence, and should not be followed by a comma.</p>
- <div class="jiegou">
- <div class="deux">A，<span class="hanzist">相反</span>，B</div>
- <p><br/></p>
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- <div class="jiegou">
- <div class="deux">A，<span class="hanzist">反而</span> B</div>
- </div>
- <h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>
- <div class="exemple">
- <ul>
- <li><span class="hanzi">这样 做 帮 不了 他 ，相反，还 会 害 了 他。.</span><br/></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">这样 做 不但 帮 不了 他，反而 会 害 了 他。.</span><br/></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <h2 id="differences-in-meaning">Differences in Meaning</h2>
- <p><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 22px;">反而</span> is used in the context of the speaker expecting some kind of turning point. <span class="hanzi">相反</span> is for similar things that have a different aspect. <span class="hanzi">反而</span> conveys that the difference between what was expected and what actually happened was quite large. <span class="hanzi">相反</span> isn't as strong.</p>
- <h3 id="structure-1">Structure</h3>
- <div class="jiegou">
- <div class="deux">Situation，<span class="hanzist">相反</span>，The Opposite of the Situation</div>
- <p><br/></p>
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- <div class="jiegou">
- <div class="deux">Expectation，<span class="hanzist">反而</span> + The Opposite of Expectation</div>
- </div>
- <h3 id="examples-1">Examples</h3>
- <div class="exemple">
- <ul>
- <li><span class="hanzi">好好 工作 就 会 升职，相反，不 好好 工作 是 不 会 升职 的。.</span><br/></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">老板 没有 生气，反而 表扬 了 我。.</span><br/></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">老板 没有 生气，相反，他 还 表扬 了 我。.</span><br/></li>
- </ul>
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- <h2 id="相反-can-act-as-an-attribute"><span style="color: rgb(255, 127, 80); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 30px; font-weight: normal;">相反</span> can act as an attribute</h2>
- <p><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 22px;">相反</span> is an adjective, and of course it can also be an attribute. Just make sure to add a <span class="hanzi">的</span> after it. <span class="hanzi">反而 </span>cannot be used this way.</p>
- <h3 id="structure-2">Structure</h3>
- <div class="jiegou"><div class="deux"><span style="color: rgb(255, 127, 80); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 30px;">相反</span> + <span class="hanzist">的</span> + Noun</div>
- </div>
- <h3 id="examples-2">Examples</h3>
- <div class="exemple">
- <ul>
- <li><span class="hanzi">这 是 两 个 完全 相反 的 结果。</span> <span class="trans">These are two completely opposite results.</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">你 应该 朝 相反的 方向 走。</span> <span class="trans">You should go down a different path.</span></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <h2 id="相反-can-be-the-predicate"><span style="color: rgb(255, 127, 80); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 30px; font-weight: normal;">相反</span> can be the predicate</h2>
- <p><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 22px;">相反</span>, like all other adjectives, can be placed after the subject as the predicate of the sentence.</p>
- <h3 id="structure-3">Structure</h3>
- <div class="jiegou">
- <div class="deux">Subj. + <span style="color: rgb(255, 127, 80); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 30px;">相反</span></div>
- <p><br/></p>
- <div class="deux">A <span class="hanzist">和</span> / <span class="hanzist">跟</span> B ＋ <span class="hanzist">是</span> ＋ <span style="color: rgb(255, 127, 80); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 30px;">相反的</span></div>
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- <h3 id="examples-3">Examples</h3>
- <div class="exemple">
- <ul>
- <li><span class="hanzi">这 两 种 艺术 的 表现 形式 相反。</span> <span class="trans">These two art pieces have completely different forms.</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">我们 的 看法 是 相反 的。</span> <span class="trans">Our perspectives are not the same.</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">老板 的 想法 跟 我 的 相反。</span> <span class="trans">The boss's way of thinking and mine don't match up.</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">现在 的 观念 和 以前 的 相反。</span> <span class="trans">The views of today are different from what they were in the past.</span></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <h2 id="see-also">See Also</h2>
- <h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further reading</h2>
- <h3 id="books">Books</h3>
- <ul>
- <li><span class="hanzi">对外汉语教学语法释疑201例 (相反 vs 反而 p.184)</span><br/></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">现代汉语八百词（增订本） (反而p.199 相反p.574)</span><br/></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">现代汉语虚词例释 (反而p.172 相反p.504)</span><br/></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">卓越汉语－公司实战篇 (pp. 19-20)</span><br/></li>
- </ul>
- <h3 id="dictionaries">Dictionaries</h3>
- <ul>
- <li><span class="hanzi">现代汉语词典（第5版） (相反p.1484 反而p.377)</span><br/></li>
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