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- <p>When someone asks you "<b>what on earth are you doing?</b>," "<span class="hanzi">究竟</span> (<span class="pinyin">jiūjìng</span>)" is used by the speaker to intensify the question. In this case, <span class="hanzi">究竟</span> is similar to <a href="Expressing_"In_the_End"_with_"daodi"" title="wikilink">到底</a>.</p>
- <p>Note that <span class="hanzi">究竟</span> is more formal than <span class="hanzi">到底</span>.</p>
- <h2 id="using-究竟-in-a-question">Using <span class="hanzist">究竟</span> in a question</h2>
- <h3 id="using-究竟-in-a-special-question">Using <span class="hanzist">究竟</span> in a special question</h3>
- <h4 id="structure">Structure</h4>
- <div class="jiegou"><div class="deux"><span class="hanzist">究竟</span> + Question Word</div>
- </div>
- <h4 id="examples">Examples</h4>
- <div class="exemple">
- <ul>
- <li><span class="hanzi">这 个 人 究竟 是 谁？</span> <span class="trans">Who on earth is this guy?</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">你 究竟 是 做 什么 的？</span> <span class="trans">What exactly do you do?</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">他们 究竟 什么 时候 到？</span> <span class="trans">When exactly are they arriving?</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">我们 究竟 还 要 等 多久？</span> <span class="trans">How much longer do we still need to wait?</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">你们 究竟 想 让 我 怎么 做？</span> <span class="trans">What on earth do you want me to do?</span></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <h3 id="using-究竟-in-a-yes-no-question">Using <span class="hanzist">究竟</span> in a yes / no question</h3>
- <h4 id="structure-1">Structure</h4>
- <div class="jiegou"><div class="deux"><span class="hanzist">究竟</span> ＋ Verb ＋ <span class="hanzist">没 / 不</span> ＋ Verb</div>
- </div>
- <h4 id="examples-1">Examples</h4>
- <div class="exemple">
- <ul>
- <li><span class="hanzi">你 究竟 来 不 来？</span> <span class="trans">Are you coming or not?</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">你们 究竟 能 不 能 帮 我？</span> <span class="trans">Can you guys help me or not?</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">她 究竟 是 不 是 你 女朋友？</span> <span class="trans">So, is she your girlfriend or not?</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">你 究竟 喜 不 喜欢 我？</span> <span class="trans">So, do you like me or not?</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">经理 究竟 同 不 同意？</span> <span class="trans">Does the manager agree or not?</span></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <h2 id="using-究竟-in-an-affirmative-sentence">Using <span class="hanzist">究竟</span> in an affirmative sentence</h2>
- <p><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 22px;">究竟</span> can be used with <span class="hanzi">是</span> for an emphasis on a fact, which is similar to <a href="Expressing_"after_all"_with_"bijing"" title="wikilink">毕竟</a>, meaning "<b>after all</b>."</p>
- <h3 id="structure-2">Structure</h3>
- <div class="jiegou">
- <div class="deux">A ＋ <span class="hanzist">究竟</span> + <span class="hanzist">是</span> ＋ A<span class="hanzist">，……</span></div>
- </div>
- <h3 id="examples-2">Examples</h3>
- <div class="exemple">
- <ul>
- <li><span class="hanzi">孩子 究竟 是 孩子，总是 想 着 怎么 玩。</span> <span class="trans">Kids are kids after all. They always think about how to have fun.</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">上海 究竟 是 上海，生活 成本 就 是 高。</span> <span class="trans">Shanghai is Shanghai after all. The living expense here is high.</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">年轻 人 究竟 是 年轻 人，精力 真 好。</span> <span class="trans">Young people are young people after all. Their are so energetic.</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">生意 人 究竟 是 生意 人，对 他们 来说，赚钱 是 最 重要 的 。</span> <span class="trans">Businessman is businessman after all. The most important thing to them is making money.</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">家人 究竟 是 家人，也许 你 不 喜欢 他们，但 你 还是 会 爱 他们。</span> <span class="trans">Family are family after all. You may not like them, but you will still love them.</span></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <h2 id="see-also">See Also</h2>
- <ul>
- <li><a href="Expressing_"After_All"_with_"bijing"" title="wikilink">Expressing "After All" with "bijing"</a></li>
- <li><a href="Expressing_"In_the_End"_with_"daodi"" title="wikilink">Expressing "In the End" with "daodi"</a></li>
- </ul>
- <h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further reading</h2>
- <h3 id="books">Books</h3>
- <ul>
- <li>Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (<span class="hanzi">汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级</span>) (pp.130-3) </li>
- <li>New Practical Chinese Reader 4 (<span class="hanzi">新实用汉语课本4</span>) (pp.19-20) </li>
- </ul>
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