| 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980818283848586878889 |
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
- <head>
- <meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy for HTML5 for Linux version 5.2.0"/>
- <title></title>
- <link href="../Styles/main.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
- <link href="../Styles/main.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"/>
- </head>
- <body>
- <p><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 22px;">既然</span> (<span class="pinyin">jìrán</span>) means "<b>since</b>," and is often followed by <span class="hanzi">就</span> to mean "<b>since...then....</b>" It is used like this:</p>
- <h2 id="既然-followed-by-an-affirmative-sentence"><span style="color: rgb(255, 127, 80); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 30px; font-weight: normal;">既然</span> followed by an affirmative sentence</h2>
- <p>This construction is not generally used to express a result, but more of a suggestion or inference deduced from the first fact. It can be placed before or after the subject. But if the subjects in the two clauses are the same, <span class="hanzi">既然</span> is more often put after the subject.</p>
- <h3 id="structure">Structure</h3>
- <div class="jiegou"><div class="deux"><span style="color: rgb(255, 127, 80); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 30px;">既然</span> ＋ Fact, <span class="hanzist">那</span> / <span class="hanzist">就</span> / <span class="hanzist">那就</span> ＋ Suggestion / Inference</div>
- </div>
- <h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>
- <div class="exemple">
- <ul>
- <li><span class="hanzi">你 既然 不 想 说，那就 别 说 了。</span> <span class="trans">Since you don't want to speak, just don't say it. </span><span class="vert">(a suggestion)</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">既然 你 那么 喜欢，那就 买 吧。</span>  <span class="trans">Since you like it so much, buy it then. </span><span class="vert">(a suggestion)</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">她 既然 刚刚 分手，那 现在 应该 是 单身 吧。</span>  <span class="trans">Since she just had a breakup, she should be single now. </span><span class="vert">(an inference)</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">既然 你们 是 好 朋友，那 他 肯定 会 帮 你 吧。</span> <span class="trans">Since you guys are good friends, he will definitely help you.</span><span class="vert">(an inference)</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">既然 大家 都 不 感 兴趣，就 换 个 话题 吧。</span> <span class="trans">Since nobody is interested, let's change the topic. </span><span class="vert">(a suggestion)</span></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <h2 id="既然-followed-by-a-question"><span style="color: rgb(255, 127, 80); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 30px; font-weight: normal;">既然</span> followed by a question</h2>
- <p>The suggestion or inference deduced from the first fact can come in the form of rhetorical question. In this case, “<span class="hanzi">那</span>” can be omitted.</p>
- <h3 id="structure-1">Structure</h3>
- <div class="jiegou"><div class="deux"><span style="color: rgb(255, 127, 80); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 30px;">既然</span> + Fact, （<span class="hanzist">那</span> +）rhetorical question</div>
- </div>
- <h3 id="examples-1">Examples</h3>
- <div class="exemple">
- <ul>
- <li><span class="hanzi">你 既然 不 喜欢 他，为什么 还 想 跟 他 出去？</span> <span class="trans">Since you don't like him, why do you want to go out with him? </span><span class="vert">(a suggestion)</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">既然 你 已经 决定 了，为什么 现在 后悔？</span> <span class="trans">Since you've made your decision, don't regret it then. </span><span class="vert">(a suggestion)</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">既然 他 那么 忙，你 为什么 还 去 打扰 他？</span> <span class="trans">Since he's so busy, why would you bother him? </span><span class="vert">(a suggestion)</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">既然 已经 分手 了，为什么 还 要 见面？</span> <span class="trans">Since we broke up, why would we still see each other? </span><span class="vert">(a suggestion)</span></li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">既然 你 男朋友 那么 有 钱，那 他 为什么 不 能 大方 一点？</span> <span class="trans">Since your boyfriend is so rich, why can't he be more generous? </span><span class="vert">(a suggestion)</span></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
- <ul>
- <li><a href="Cause_and_Effect_with_"yinwei"_and_"suoyi"" title="wikilink">Cause and Effect with "yinwei" and "suoyi"</a></li>
- <li><a href="Because"_with_"er"_Indicating_Effect" title="wikilink">Because" with "er" Indicating Effect</a></li>
- <li><a href="Expressing_"Even_if%E2%80%A6"_with_"jishi"" title="wikilink">Expressing "Even if…" with "jishi"</a></li>
- </ul>
- <h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further reading</h2>
- <h3 id="books">Books</h3>
- <ul>
- <li>Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (<span class="hanzi">汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级</span>) (pp.267-9) </li>
- <li>Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2 (pp. 289-90) </li>
- <li>New Practical Chinese Reader 4 (<span class="hanzi">新实用汉语课本4</span>) (pp. 179) </li>
- <li><span class="hanzi">卓越汉语－公司实战篇</span> (p. 245) </li>
- </ul>
- </body>
- </html>
|
