eric
/
ChineseGrammarWiki


			
							12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576777879808182838485868788899091929394959697
							<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:epub="http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops">
<head>
<title>Advanced uses of "zong"</title>
<link href="../Styles/main.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"/>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Advanced uses of "zong"</h1>


<p>总 (zǒng) can often be simply translated as "always," but it has other advanced uses as well. It can express "no matter how long or under what circumstances, facts are facts." It can also express "no matter what." It is often paired with other words to form set phrases such as 总会, 总归, 总得, 总要, 总能, etc. It can also be structured together with other unconditional compound phrases like 无论 and 不管. You cannot place it directly after the verb.</p>


<h2>Contents</h2>

  
<div class="contents"><ul><li><span style="font-size: 20px;">1 Used with Auxiliary Verb </span></li>
<ul><li><span style="font-size: 20px;">1.1 Structure </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">1.2 Examples </span></li>
</ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">2 Used with 不 and 没 </span></li>
<ul><li><span style="font-size: 20px;">2.1 Structure </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">2.2 Examples </span></li>
</ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">3 See also </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">4 Sources and further reading </span></li>
<ul><li><span style="font-size: 20px;">4.1 Books</span></li>
</ul>
</ul>
</div>

<h2>Used with Auxiliary Verb</h2>

<p>In this structure, 总, with its companion character (usually a modal/auxiliary verb), means "always will (fill in character/action here)" Once again, it gives the feeling of something very concrete and factual. One of the examples below says "No matter what happens, people have to eat."</p>

<h3>Structure</h3>

<div class="deux">总 + 会 / 得 / 要 / 能 + Verb</div>

<h3>Examples</h3>

<div class="exemple"><ul><li><span style="font-size: 20px;">这里 是 他 家，他 总 会 回来 的。
This is his home. He will always come back. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">咱们 总 得 想 个 办法 啊。
We always have to come up with something to do. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">不管 发生 了 什么，人 总 要 吃饭 吧。
No matter what happens, people have to eat. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">他 是 你 爸爸，你 总 要 礼貌 一点 吧。
He is your father, you should always a little more polite. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">你 拿 了 人家 的 钱，总 得 帮 人家 做 事 吧。
You took their money, so you're always going to have to help them do stuff.</span><br/></li>
</ul>
</div>

<h2>Used with 不 and 没
</h2>
<p>When 总 is used together with a negating word (like 不 or 没), it often has a tone of speculation, judgement or suggestion. The sentence often ends with a 吧.</p>

<h3>Structure</h3>

<div class="deux">总 + 不 / 没 + Verb
</div>
<h3>Examples</h3>

<div class="exemple"><ul><li><span style="font-size: 20px;">你们 之间 的 联系 这么 少，看 起来 总 不 像 是 一 家 人。
You talk to each other so little. It seems that you're barely family. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">他 这么 大 年纪 了，我们 总 不 能 让 他 一个人 去 吧？
He'e so old. We can't let him go there all alone. What do you think? </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">这么 晚 了，总 不 会 出 了 什么事 吧？
It's getting late. Do you think something bad happened? </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">这 件 事 总 不 会 是 内部 的 人 做 的 吧？
Do you think this is an inside job? </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">他 想 带 父母 去 旅行，可是 总 没 时间。
He wants to take her parents to travel, but he's always not able to find time.</span><br/></li>
</ul>
</div>

<h3>See also</h3>

<div class="See-also"><ul><li><span style="font-size: 20px;">Comparing "zongsuan" and “zhongyu" </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">"Always" with "zongshi" </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">Expressing "After All" with "bijing" </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">Expressing "In the End" with "daodi"</span><br/></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h3>Sources and further reading</h3>

<h4>Books</h4>

<div class="See-also"><ul><li><span style="font-size: 20px;">现代汉语八百词（增订本） (pp. 698) [ →buy] </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 20px;">现代汉语虚词例释 (pp. 663) →buy</span><br/></li>
</ul>
</div>
</body>
</html>