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- Taiwanese "you"
- (Redirected from ASGY2D79)
- Level B2
- Similar to
- Expressing experiences with "guo" (A2)
- Expressing "once" with "cengjing" (B2)
- Used for
- Referring to the past, Referring to past experiences
- Keywords
- 有, 过
- Translations
- have
- Taiwanese Mandarin differs slightly from Mainland Mandarin. A characteristic of Taiwanese Mandarin is the usage of 有.
- Contents
-
- 1 Basic Usage
- 1.1 Structure
- 1.2 Examples
- 2 Adjectives after 有
- 2.1 Structure
- 2.2 Examples
- 3 Adj. not in the past tense using 有
- 3.1 Structure
- 3.2 Examples
- 4 过 after the verb
- 4.1 Structure
- 4.2 Examples
- 5 在 after 有
- 5.1 Structure
- 5.2 Examples
- 6 Sources and further reading
- 6.1 Books
- 6.2 Websites
- Basic Usage
- Some verbs, especially when followed by certain complements, indicate completeness. When 有 is used with these verbs, it's a clear reference to the past.
- Structure
- Subj. + 有 + [Verb Phrase]
- Examples
- 我们 有 听懂 你 的 话 。
- We understood what you said.
- 我们 都 有 听到 宝宝 哭 。
- We all heard the baby cry.
- 我 有 看到 他们 吵架 。
- I saw them fighting.
- When 有 is put in front of action verbs in Taiwanese Mandarin, it can indicate that the verb is still continuing.
- 他 有 学 ，而且 很 喜欢 。
- He's studying it and he likes it very mych.
- 我 有 吃 ，但是 不太 饿 。
- I have eaten, but I didn't eat much.
- Adjectives after 有
- Adjectives can also follow 有. This pattern is used in the past tense, and a 到 must follow the adjectives.
- Structure
- Subj. + 有 + Adj. + 到
- Examples
- 昨天 搬家 ，真的 有 累 到 。
- I was moving yesterday and I was so tired.
- 他 突然 要 分手 ，我 真的 有 伤 到 。
- He asked to break up out of nowhere. I was so hurt.
- 你们 突然 大叫 着 跑 出来 ，我 真的 有 吓 到 ！
- You guys suddenly came running out screaming loudly. I was so scared!
- Adj. not in the past tense using 有
- Some adjectives can follow 有 and are not used as the past tense.
- Structure
- Subj. + 有 + Adj.
- Examples
- 大家 都 有 激动 。
- Everyone is excited.
- 我 有 紧张 吗 ？
- Do I look like I'm nervous?
- 你 说话 有 不 礼貌 。
- The way you speak is impolite.
- 过 after the verb
- Structure
- Subj. + 有 + Verb + 过 + Obj.
- Examples
- 我 有 去 过 中国 。
- I have been to China.
- 我 有 学 过 这 个 词 。
- I have studied this word.
- 你 有 见 过 那 个 人 吗？
- Have you seen that person before?
- 你 有 自己 做 过 饭 吗 ？
- Have you ever cooked for yourself?
- 在 after 有
- In Standard Mandarin, using 在 before a verb is the equivalent to the English –ing. When used with 有 in front of it, it is usually referring to habitual action, or an action that can be stopped. This is not in the past tense, but rather a continuing action.
- Structure
- Subj. + 有 + 在 + Verb
- Examples
- 你 有 在 做 兼职 吗？
- Are you doing a part time job?
- 我 有 在 考虑 跟 她 分手 。
- I am considering breaking up with her.
- 我 妈妈 有 在 吃素 。
- My mom is now a vegetarian.
- Sources and further reading
- Books
- A Practical Chinese Grammar For Foreigners (外国人实用汉语语法) →buy
- Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition (pp. 59-60) →buy
- Chinese Grammar Without Tears (简明汉语语法学习手册) (pp. 73-4) [ →buy]
- Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed) (pp. 83- 4) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1 (pp. 345-7) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2 (pp. 49-51) →buy
- Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide (pp. 76-7, 230-2) →buy
- New Practical Chinese Reader 2 (新实用汉语课本2) (pp. 175-6) →buy
- 40 Lessons for Basic Chinese Course (基础汉语40课上册） (pp. 188) →buy
- Websites
- ChinesePod: Qing Wen - 过(guo) (free podcast content)
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