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- Comparing "gen" and "dui"
- (Redirected from ASGC5Y86)
- Level B2
- Similar to
- Expressing "with" with "gen" (A2)
- Using "dui" with verbs (B1)
- Used for
- Describing actions
- Keywords
- 跟, 对
- 跟 (gēn) and 对 (duì) sometimes seem like they mean the same thing, and at other times they seem to be different. You need to be aware which cases are which.
- Contents
-
- 1 When they have the same form and same meaning when used with 说
- 1.1 Structure
- 1.1.1 Examples
- 2 When they have a similar grammar structure but different meanings
- 2.1 Structure
- 2.1.1 Examples for 跟
- 2.1.2 Examples for 对
- 3 When to use 跟 and not 对
- 3.1 Structure 1
- 3.1.1 Examples
- 3.2 Structure 2
- 3.2.1 Examples
- 3.3 Structure 3
- 3.3.1 Examples
- 4 Examples when to use 对 and not 跟
- 4.1 Structure
- 4.1.1 Examples
- 5 Example Dialog
- 6 See Also
- 7 Sources and further reading
- 7.1 Books
- 7.2 Dictionaries
- When they have the same form and same meaning when used with 说
- When using the verb 说, 跟 and 对 can both be used in a similar sentence pattern. 跟 and 对 are both prepositions, and they both express one person speaking to another.
- Structure
- Person A + 跟 / 对 + Person B 说
- Examples
- 我 跟 她 说 了，但是 她 不 信。
- I told her, but she didn't believe me.
- 我 对 她 说 了，但是 她 不 信。
- I told her, but she didn't believe me.
- 他 对 我 说 他 爱 我。
- He told me he loved me.
- 他 跟 我 说 他 爱 我。
- He told me he loved me.
- 刚才 你 对 他 说 什么 了？
- What did you just tell him?
- 刚才 你 跟 他 说 什么 了？
- What did you just tell him?
- When they have a similar grammar structure but different meanings
- 跟 and 对 can be verbs, and they often are used with a 着, however their meanings are different.
- Structure
- Subj. + 跟 / 对 + Obj.
- Examples for 跟
- 跟 is a verb, and it's simplest meaning is "follow." Often it is used as a verb phrase, such as 跟着, 跟上, 跟不上, 跟得上, 跟somebody + Verb.
- 这 只 小 猫 总是 跟着 我。
- This little cat always follows me.
- 你 走 得 太 快 ，我 跟不上。
- You walk too fast, I can't keep up.
- 你 想 跟 我 去 吗？
- Do you want to go with me?
- Examples for 对
- 对 is also a verb, put it has the meaning of "towards" or "point to." Often it is used as: 对着, 对上, 对不上.
- 枪口 不 要 对着 人。
- Don't point that at people.
- 我 喜欢 对着 镜子 笑。
- I like to laugh at myself in the mirror.
- 这 两 本 账 对不上。
- These two accounts don't match up.
- When to use 跟 and not 对
- 跟 is a proposition, and it can be used in comparison. It will often have a supplementary explanation, similar to how 和 can be used (as in 我和你一样高). 对 cannot be used this way.
- Structure 1
- This structure is used to explain that two things are (or aren't) similar.
- A + 跟 + B + （不）一样
- Examples
- 我 跟 你们 不一样，我 还 有 孩子 呢。
- I am not like you guys. I still have kids.
- 上海 跟 纽约 一样，都 是 国际 大 都市。
- Shanghai and New York are alike; they are both international cities.
- Structure 2
- This structure shows that two nouns are the same in some some aspect, which is the word that follows "一样."
- A + 跟 + B + （不）一样 + Adj.
- Examples
- 我 现在 跟 我 爸 一样 高。
- Now I'm as tall as my dad.
- 你 跟 你 妈 一样 喜欢 买 衣服。
- You like to buy clothes just like your mother.
- Structure 3
- "跟" functions as a conjunction in this structure, joining two things together. Generally, these are nouns or pronouns (as with "和"). "对" cannot function like this.
- Subj. 1 跟 Subj. 2 + Verb-Obj.
- Examples
- 你 要 跟 我 一起 去 吗？
- Are you going to go with me?
- 鲜花 跟巧克力 是 最 好 的 礼物。
- Flowers and chocolate are the best gifts.
- Examples when to use 对 and not 跟
- Structure
- When 对 as a proposition, it points to a certain target,since it can mean "point to" or "toward to." 跟 can only be used this way with 说.
- Subj. 1 对 Subj. 2 + Verb
- Examples
- 那 个 美女 正 对 我 笑 呢。
- That pretty girl is laughing at me.
- 不 要 对 老板 发脾气， 不然 后果 很 严重。
- Don't lose your temper with the boss, otherwise there will be serious consequences.
- Example Dialog
- A: 那 个 帅哥 在 对 我 招手！
- That handsome guy is motioning for me to go to him!
- B: 那 你 要 跟 他 去 吗？
- Well, are you going to go with him?
- See Also
- Expressing "with" with "gen"
- Using "dui"
- Sources and further reading
- Books
- 现代汉语八百词（增订本） (pp. 201) [ →buy]
- Dictionaries
- 现代汉语词典（第5版） (pp. 465, 343) →buy
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