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Grammar-wiki-B1-96.txt.html

Grammar-wiki-B1-96.txt.html 7.1 KB
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  1. 

  2. <p>起来 (qǐlái) comes up very frequently in Chinese and can be used both literally and figuratively. This is a little like the usage of &quot;up&quot; in English which can be used literally, as in &quot;stand up,&quot; or figuratively, as in &quot;add up.&quot;</p>
    3. 

  3. <h2 id="expressing-an-upward-movement">Expressing an upward movement</h2>
    4. 

  4. <h3 id="structure">Structure</h3>
    5. 

  5. <p>起来 can be used to express an upward movement like &quot;up,&quot; as in the English examples of &quot;stand up&quot; or &quot;pick up.&quot;</p>
    6. 

  6. <div class="jiegou">
    7. 

  7. <p>Verb + 起来</p>
    8. 

  8. </div>
    9. 

  9. <h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>
    10. 

  10. <div class="liju">
    11. 

  11. <ul>
    12. 

  12. <li>请 大家 <em>站 起来</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Qǐng dàjiā <em>zhàn qǐlái</em>.</span><span class="trans">Everyone, please stand up.</span></li>
    13. 

  13. <li>快 把 地上 的 书 <em>捡 起来</em>。<span class="pinyin">Kuài bǎ dìshàng de shū <em>jiǎn qǐlái</em>.</span><span class="trans">Quickly pick up the books on the floor.</span></li>
    14. 

  14. <li>你 怎么 不 把 老人 <em>扶 起来</em> ？ <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zěnme bù bǎ lǎorén <em>fú qǐlái</em>? </span><span class="trans"> Why didn't you keep the old man upright? </span></li>
    15. 

  15. <li>别 动 ！ 把 手 <em>举 起来</em> 。 <span class="pinyin">Bié dòng! Bǎ shǒu <em>jǔ qǐlái</em>.</span><span class="trans">Don't move! Put your hands up.</span></li>
    16. 

  16. </ul>
    17. 

  17. </div>
    18. 

  18. <h2 id="expressing-initiation-of-an-action">Expressing initiation of an action</h2>
    19. 

  19. <h3 id="structure-1">Structure</h3>
    20. 

  20. <p>起来 can also be used to show that an action or state has started and is ongoing:</p>
    21. 

  21. <div class="jiegou">
    22. 

  22. <p>Verb / Adj. + 起来 +了</p>
    23. 

  23. </div>
    24. 

  24. <h3 id="examples-1">Examples</h3>
    25. 

  25. <div class="liju">
    26. 

  26. <ul>
    27. 

  27. <li>大家 <em>笑 起来</em> 了 。 <span class="pinyin">Dàjiā <em>xiào qǐlái</em> le.</span><span class="trans">Everyone started laughing.</span></li>
    28. 

  28. <li>宝宝 <em>哭 起来</em> 了 。 <span class="pinyin">Bǎobǎo <em>kū qǐlái</em> le.</span><span class="trans">The baby started crying.</span></li>
    29. 

  29. <li>两 个 大妈 <em>吵 起来</em> 了 。 <span class="pinyin">Liǎng gè dàmā <em>chǎo qǐlái</em> le.</span><span class="trans">Two middle-aged ladies started arguing.</span></li>
    30. 

  30. <li>天气 <em>热 起来</em> 了 。 <span class="pinyin">Tiānqì <em>rè qǐlái</em> le.</span><span class="trans">It's starting to get hot.</span></li>
    31. 

  31. <li>他 的 病 <em>好 起来</em>了 。 <span class="pinyin">Tā de bìng <em>hǎo qǐlái</em> le.</span><span class="trans">His illness is starting to get better.</span></li>
    32. 

  32. </ul>
    33. 

  33. </div>
    34. 

  34. <p>When used like this, 起来 is only used with spontaneous actions, like 唱, 跳, 聊, or with states like 热, 冷, or 好 etc. It cannot be used with planned actions.</p>
    35. 

  35. <div class="liju">
    36. 

  36. <ul>
    37. 

  37. <li>我们 做饭 起来 吧。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <em>zuòfàn qǐlái</em> ba.</span></li>
    38. 

  38. <li>我们 开始 做饭 吧。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen kāishǐ <em>zuòfàn</em> ba.</span></li>
    39. 

  39. </ul>
    40. 

  40. </div>
    41. 

  41. <h2 id="expressing-an-initial-judgement">Expressing an initial judgement</h2>
    42. 

  42. <p>起来 can also be used to express a preliminary judgement. 起来 is used here to express that the speaker has only just initiated an action, and based on that, has made a quick judgement. It is used in the following structure:</p>
    43. 

  43. <h3 id="structure-2">Structure</h3>
    44. 

  44. <div class="jiegou">
    45. 

  45. <p>Subj. + Verb + 起来 + Adj.</p>
    46. 

  46. </div>
    47. 

  47. <p>This expresses that the subject seems <em>adjective</em> when the action of the verb is performed. This structure is frequently used with <a href="perception_verb" title="wikilink">perception verbs</a> such as 看, 听, 尝 etc.</p>
    48. 

  48. <h3 id="examples-2">Examples</h3>
    49. 

  49. <div class="liju">
    50. 

  50. <ul>
    51. 

  51. <li>他 <em>看 起来</em> 很 友好。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>kàn qǐlái</em> hěn yǒuhǎo.</span><span class="trans">He looks very friendly.</span></li>
    52. 

  52. <li>这 件 事情 <em>听 起来</em> 有点 复杂。<span class="pinyin">Zhè jiàn shìqing <em>tīng qǐlái</em> yǒudiǎn fùzá.</span><span class="trans">This matter sounds a little bit complex.</span></li>
    53. 

  53. <li>你 点 的 菜 <em>尝 起来</em> 不错。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ diǎn de cài <em>cháng qǐlái</em> bùcuò.</span><span class="trans">The dishes that you ordered taste good .</span></li>
    54. 

  54. <li>这 件 衣服 <em>摸 起来</em> 很 舒服。<span class="pinyin">Zhè jiàn yīfu <em>mō qǐlái</em> hěn shūfu.</span><span class="trans">These clothes feel very comfortable.</span></li>
    55. 

  55. </ul>
    56. 

  56. </div>
    57. 

  57. <h2 id="see-also">See Also</h2>
    58. 

  58. <ul>
    59. 

  59. <li><a href="Result_complement_&quot;xiaqu&quot;" title="wikilink">下去</a></li>
    60. 

  60. <li><a href="Resultative_Complement_&quot;chu(lai)&quot;" title="wikilink">出来</a></li>
    61. 

  61. <li><a href="Direction_complement" title="wikilink">Direction complement</a></li>
    62. 

  62. <li><a href="Result_complements_&quot;dao&quot;_and_&quot;jian&quot;" title="wikilink">Result complements &quot;dao&quot; and &quot;jian&quot;</a></li>
    63. 

  63. <li><a href="Appearance_with_&quot;kanqilai&quot;" title="wikilink">Appearance with &quot;kanqilai&quot;</a></li>
    64. 

  64. </ul>
    65. 

  65. <h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further reading</h2>
    66. 

  66. <h3 id="books">Books</h3>
    67. 

  67. <ul>
    68. 

  68. <li><a href="Chinese_Grammar_-_Broken_down_into_100_items_-_Basic_and_Intermediate_Levels_(汉语语法百项讲练_-_初中级)" title="wikilink">Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级)</a> (pp. 25-31) <a href="http://www.amazon.cn/gp/product/B004WA6JSQ/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=allset-23&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;camp=536&amp;creative=3132&amp;creativeASIN=B004WA6JSQ">→buy</a></li>
    69. 

  69. <li><a href="Boya_Chinese_Elementary_Starter_2_(博雅汉语初经起步篇)" title="wikilink">Boya Chinese Elementary Starter 2 (博雅汉语初经起步篇)</a> (pp. 80)<a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7301078617/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=allset-20&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;camp=217145&amp;creative=399373&amp;creativeASIN=7301078617">→buy</a></li>
    70. 

  70. <li><a href="New_Practical_Chinese_Reader_5_(新实用汉语课本5)" title="wikilink">New Practical Chinese Reader 5 (新实用汉语课本5)</a> (pp. 134-5)<a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7561914083/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=allset-20&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;camp=217145&amp;creative=399369&amp;creativeASIN=7561914083">→buy</a></li>
    71. 

  71. <li><a href="40_Lessons_for_Basic_Chinese_Course_(基础汉语40课下册）" title="wikilink">40 Lessons for Basic Chinese Course (基础汉语40课下册）</a> (pp. 355-6)<a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B001FTL8D8/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B001FTL8D8&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=allset-20">→buy</a></li>
    72. 

  72. <li><a href="Integrated_Chinese:_Level_2,_Part_2" title="wikilink">Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2</a> (p. 20) <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276881/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=allset-20&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0887276881">→buy</a></li>
    73. 

  73. </ul>
    74. 

  74. <h3 id="websites">Websites</h3>
    75. 

  75. <ul>
    76. 

  76. <li>Yale: <a href="http://comet.cls.yale.edu/mandarin/content/directional/grammar/direction-3a.htm">Extended meaning of some directional complements</a></li>
    77. 

  77. </ul>
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