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= Expressing &quot;already&quot; with &quot;dou&quot; =


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<li>[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_%22already%22_with_%22yijing%22 Expressing &quot;already&quot; with &quot;yijing&quot;] (A2)</li>
<li>[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_%22already%22_with_just_%22le%22 Expressing &quot;already&quot; with just &quot;le&quot;] (A2)</li>
<li>[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_duration_of_inaction Expressing duration of inaction] (B1)</li></ul>


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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_attitude Expressing attitude], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Emphasizing Emphasizing]

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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E9%83%BD 都], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E4%BA%86 了]

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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Already already]

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都⋯⋯了 (dōu... le) is a pattern used to express that something has already happened, similar to [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%22Already%22_with_%22yijing%22 已经⋯⋯了]. However, 都⋯⋯了 is used more emphatically, implying that the speaker holds some sort of attitude in relation to the event and is not merely objectively stating the facts, as with 已经⋯⋯了. The two options can actually also be combined in the pattern 都已经⋯⋯了. Here the meaning is the same as 都⋯⋯了.

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== Contents ==

<span class="toctoggle"> [[[#|hide]]] </span>

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* [[#Used_before_Time|<span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Used before Time</span>]]
** [[#Structure|<span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Structure</span>]]
** [[#Examples|<span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span>]]
* [[#Used_before_Predicate|<span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Used before Predicate</span>]]
** [[#Structure_2|<span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Structure</span>]]
** [[#Examples_2|<span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span>]]
* [[#See_also|<span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span>]]
* [[#Sources_and_further_reading|<span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Sources and further reading</span>]]
** [[#Books|<span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Books</span>]]
** [[#Dictionaries|<span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Dictionaries</span>]]


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== <span id="Used_before_Time" class="mw-headline">Used before Time</span> ==

=== <span id="Structure" class="mw-headline">Structure</span> ===

When 都⋯⋯了 (dōu... le) is used at the beginning of a sentence, it will usually be followed with 还 (hái) or 还在 (háizài). This implies that the other party should stop some kind of action.

<div class="jiegou">

都 + Time + 了


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=== <span id="Examples" class="mw-headline">Examples</span> ===

<div class="liju">

* ''都'' 九点 '''了''' ，快点 起床 ！<span class="pinyin">''Dōu'' jiǔ diǎn '''le''', kuài diǎn qǐchuáng!</span><span class="trans">It's already nine o'clock. Get out of bed!</span>
* ''都'' 十二 点 '''了''' ，你 '''还''' 不 睡 ？<span class="pinyin">''Dōu'' shí'èr diǎn '''le''', nǐ '''hái''' bù shuì?</span><span class="trans">It's already 12am. Aren't you going to bed?</span>
* ''都'' 二十一 世纪 '''了''' ，你 '''还''' 这么 想 ？<span class="pinyin">''Dōu'' èrshí-yī shìjì '''le''', nǐ '''hái''' zhème xiǎng?</span><span class="trans">It's already the 21st century and you still think this way?</span>
* ''都'' 一 个 小时 '''了''' ，他 '''还''' 在 厕所 里 。<span class="pinyin">''Dōu'' yī gè xiǎoshí '''le''', tā '''hái''' zài cèsuǒ lǐ.</span><span class="trans">It's already been an hour. He's still in the bathroom.</span>
* ''都'' 一 个 星期 '''了''' ，'''还在''' 下雨 。<span class="pinyin">''Dōu'' yī gè xīngqī '''le''', '''háizài''' xiàyǔ.</span><span class="trans">It's been raining for a week and it's still raining.</span>


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== <span id="Used_before_Predicate" class="mw-headline">Used before Predicate</span> ==

=== <span id="Structure_2" class="mw-headline">Structure</span> ===

<div class="jiegou">

Subj. + 都 + Predicate + 了


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The [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Predicate predicate] part of the pattern can be a verb or an adjective.

=== <span id="Examples_2" class="mw-headline">Examples</span> ===

<div class="liju">

* 饭 ''都'' 凉 '''了''' ，快 吃 吧 。<span class="pinyin">Fàn ''dōu'' liáng '''le'''. Kuài chī ba.</span><span class="trans">The food is cold already. Let's eat.</span>
* 牛奶 ''都'' 坏 '''了''' ，扔掉 吧 。<span class="pinyin">Niúnǎi ''dōu'' huài '''le''', rēngdiào ba.</span><span class="trans">The milk's gone bad. You should throw it away.</span>
* 我 ''都'' 说 了 三 遍 '''了''' 。别 烦 我 ！<span class="pinyin">Wǒ ''dōu'' shuō le sān biàn '''le'''. Bié fán wǒ!</span><span class="trans">I've said it three times already. Leave me alone!</span>
* 这个 电影 你 ''都'' 看 过 '''了''' ，看 别的 吧 。<span class="pinyin">Zhège diànyǐng nǐ ''dōu'' kàn guo '''le''', kàn biéde ba.</span><span class="trans">You've seen this movie already. Let's watch something else.</span>
* 他 ''都'' 道歉 '''了''' ，你 别 生气 了。<span class="pinyin">Tā ''dōu'' dàoqiàn '''le''', nǐ bié shēngqì le.</span><span class="trans">He made an apology. Stop being so mad at him.</span>


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== <span id="See_also" class="mw-headline">See also</span> ==

== <span id="Sources_and_further_reading" class="mw-headline">Sources and further reading</span> ==

=== <span id="Books" class="mw-headline">Books</span> ===

* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Chinese_Grammar_-_Broken_down_into_100_items_-_Basic_and_Intermediate_Levels_(%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95%E7%99%BE%E9%A1%B9%E8%AE%B2%E7%BB%83_-_%E5%88%9D%E4%B8%AD%E7%BA%A7) Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级)] (pp. 97-99) [ →buy]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D%EF%BC%88%E5%A2%9E%E8%AE%A2%E6%9C%AC%EF%BC%89 现代汉语八百词（增订本）] (pp. 178) [ →buy]

=== <span id="Dictionaries" class="mw-headline">Dictionaries</span> ===

* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC5%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89 现代汉语词典（第5版）] (pp. 329 ) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8/dp/B001B1RZCI/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693609&sr=8-1 →buy]

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