21.mw.md 5.1 KB
Are we there yet? One of the ways to express distance is to use 离 (lí). The word order might seem a little tricky at first, but once you get it down, you'll be able to talk about distance with no problem.
Using 离 (lí) in a Statement
Structure
Unless you're talking about a very specific distance, you'll normally want to pair 离 (lí) with the adjective 近 (jìn) for "close," or 远 (yuǎn) for "far."
Place 1 + 离 + Place 2 + Adv. + 近 / 远
So this pattern is normally used to simply express that one place is
(not) close or (not) far from another place. Easy, right? It's learning
the sentence pattern that usually trips learners up, because it doesn't
feel like natural word order to a speaker of
English.
Examples
- 我 家 离 公司 很 近。Wǒ jiā lí gōngsī hěn jìn.My house is close to my office.
- 美国 离 中国 很 远。Měiguó lí Zhōngguó hěn yuǎn.The USA is far from China.
- 这 个 酒店 离 火车站 很 近。 Zhège jiǔdiàn lí huǒchēzhàn hěn jìn.This hotel is very close to the train station.
- 那 个 酒吧 离 这儿 太 远 了， 我 不 想 去。 Nàge jiǔbā lí zhèr tài yuǎn le, wǒ bù xiǎng qù.That bar is too far away from here. I don't want to go.
- 我 不想 去 离 家 很 远 的 地方 工作。Wǒ bù xiǎng qù lí jiā hěn yuǎn de dìfang gōngzuò.I don't want to go work at a place very far away from home.
Using 离 (lí) in a Question
Structure
These two sentence patterns are extremely common in everyday conversations when discussing distances.
Place 1 + 离 + Place 2 (+ Adv.) + 近 / 远 + 吗？
Place 1 + 离 + Place 2 (+ 有) + 多远？
Note that in English, you can actually ask, "How close is it from here?"
if the distance is obviously short. But in Chinese it's just, "How far
is it from here?"
Examples
- 你家 离 超市 远 吗？ Nǐ jiā lí chāoshì yuǎn ma?Is your house far away from the supermarket?
- 你 的 大学 离 你 老家 很 远 吗？Nǐ de dàxué lí nǐ lǎojiā hěn yuǎn ma?Is your college very far away from your hometown?
- 你们 公司 离 地铁站 近 吗？Nǐmen gōngsī lí dìtiězhàn jìn ma? Is your company close to the metro station?
- 你 家 离 学校 多远？Nǐ jiā lí xuéxiào duō yuǎn?How far is it from your home to school?
- 这个 酒店 离 机场 有 多远？Zhège jiǔdiàn lí jīchǎng yǒu duō yuǎn? How far is it from this hotel to the airport?
Expressing "Stay Away from Me" with 离 (lí)
One final example is a command, commonly heard in colloquial Chinese:
- 你 离 我 远 点 儿 ！ Nǐ lí wǒ yuǎn diǎnr!Stay away from me.
See Also
- ["From… to…" with "cong… dao…"]("From…_to…"with"cong…_dao…" "wikilink")
Sources and further reading
Books
- Basic Patterns of Chinese Grammar (pp. 112 - 113) →buy
- Boya Chinese Elementary Starter 2 (博雅汉语初经起步篇) (p. 11) →buy
- Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition (pp. 154) →buy