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= Expressing actions in progress (full form) =


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<li>[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_actions_in_progress_with_%22zai%22 Expressing actions in progress with &quot;zai&quot;] (A2)</li>
<li>[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Alternative_existential_sentences Alternative existential sentences] (B1)</li>
<li>[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Aspect_particle_%22zhe%22 Aspect particle &quot;zhe&quot;] (B1)</li></ul>


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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E6%AD%A3%E5%9C%A8 正在], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E6%AD%A3 正], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E5%9C%A8 在], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E7%9D%80 着], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E5%91%A2 呢]

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You may have learned that [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_actions_in_progress 在 (zài)] and [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_actions_in_progress 正在 (zhèngzài)] can be used before [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Verbs verbs] to express that an action is ''ongoing'' or ''in progress''. They are used to create the Mandarin equivalent of ''present continuous'' in English. But that pattern is actually a part of a longer, fuller pattern. It's rarely used in its full form, but bits and pieces of it are frequently used in everyday speech, so it's important to know the full form, even if you don't use it regularly yourself.

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== Contents ==

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* [[#Structure|<span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Structure</span>]]
* [[#Examples|<span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span>]]
* [[#See_also|<span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span>]]
* [[#Sources_and_further_reading|<span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Sources and further reading</span>]]
** [[#Books|<span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Books</span>]]
** [[#Websites|<span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Websites</span>]]


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== <span id="Structure" class="mw-headline">Structure</span> ==

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Subj. + 正在 / 正 / 在 + Verb + 呢


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If it's a [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Separable_verb Separable verb], you need to put the 着 between the verb and the object, or you can just leave 着 out.

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Subj. (+ 正) + Verb + 着 + Obj. + 呢


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Subj. + Verb + Obj. + 呢


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It's important to remember that '''virtually every part of the above pattern is ''optional''''', so you're going to see all sorts of variations of it (and rarely the full form). The most common variation is just the &quot;[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_actions_in_progress 在 + V]&quot; pattern that you probably already learned long ago. Another common variation is &quot;[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_actions_in_progress 正 + V]&quot; pattern.

== <span id="Examples" class="mw-headline">Examples</span> ==

<div class="liju">

* 我 ''正在'' 吃饭 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ ''zhèngzài'' chīfàn.</span>
* 我 ''正'' 吃 '''着''' 饭 '''呢''' 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ ''zhèng'' chī '''zhe''' fàn '''ne'''.</span>
* 我 吃 饭 '''呢'''。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ chīfàn '''ne'''.</span><span class="trans">I'm eating now.</span>


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* 爷爷 ''正在'' 看 报纸 ，别 打扰 他 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye ''zhèngzài'' kàn bàozhǐ, bié dǎrǎo tā.</span>
* 爷爷 ''在'' 看 报纸 '''呢''' ，别 打扰 他 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye ''zài'' kàn bàozhǐ '''ne''', bié dǎrǎo tā.</span>
* 爷爷 看 报纸 '''呢''' ，别 打扰 他 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye kàn bàozhǐ '''ne''', bié dǎrǎo tā.</span><span class="trans">Grandpa is reading newspapers now. Don't disturb him.</span>


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* 他 ''在'' 上厕所 。<span class="pinyin">Tā ''zài'' shàng cèsuǒ.</span>
* 他 ''正'' 上 厕所'''呢''' 。<span class="pinyin">Tā ''zhèng'' shàng cèsuǒ '''ne'''.</span>
* 他 上 厕所 '''呢''' 。<span class="pinyin">Tā shàng cèsuǒ '''ne'''.</span><span class="trans">He's using the bathroom now.</span>


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<div class="liju">

* 我们 ''在'' 上 汉语 课 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen ''zài'' shàng Hànyǔ kè.</span>
* 我们 ''正'' 上 汉语 课 '''呢''' 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen ''zhèng'' shàng Hànyǔ kè '''ne'''.</span>
* 我们 上 '''着''' 汉语 课 '''呢''' 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen shàng '''zhe''' Hànyǔ kè '''ne'''.</span><span class="trans">We're having a Chinese lesson now.</span>


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<div class="liju">

* 老板 ''在'' 开会，不 方便 接 电话 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn ''zài'' kāihuì, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.</span>
* 老板 ''正'' 开 '''着''' 会 ，不 方便 接 电话 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn ''zhèng'' kāi '''zhe''' huì, bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.</span>
* 老板 开 '''着''' 会 '''呢''' ，不 方便 接 电话 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn kāi '''zhe''' huì '''ne''', bù fāngbiàn jiē diànhuà.</span><span class="trans">The boss is in the middle of a meeting. It's not convenient for him to talk on the phone.</span>


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== <span id="See_also" class="mw-headline">See also</span> ==

* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Aspect_particle_%22zhe%22 Aspect particle &quot;zhe&quot;]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_actions_in_progress Expressing actions in progress]

== <span id="Sources_and_further_reading" class="mw-headline">Sources and further reading</span> ==

=== <span id="Books" class="mw-headline">Books</span> ===

* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Chinese_Grammar_Without_Tears_(%E7%AE%80%E6%98%8E%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C) Chinese Grammar Without Tears (简明汉语语法学习手册)] (pp. 54-7) [ →buy]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Common_Chinese_Patterns_330_(%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F330%E4%BE%8B) Common Chinese Patterns 330 (汉语常用格式330例)] (pp. 321) [http://amzn.to/2zBMfhl →buy]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Mandarin_Chinese:_A_Functional_Reference_Grammar Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar] (pp. 217-26) [http://amzn.to/2yOtlXc →buy]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Modern_Mandarin_Chinese_Grammar:_A_Practical_Guide Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide] (pp. 216-8) [http://amzn.to/2xCpX2m →buy]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Integrated_Chinese:_Level_1,_Part_2_(3rd_ed) Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed)] (pp. 106-7) [http://amzn.to/2femBuy →buy]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/40_Lessons_for_Basic_Chinese_Course_(%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD40%E8%AF%BE%E4%B8%8A%E5%86%8C%EF%BC%89 40 Lessons for Basic Chinese Course (基础汉语40课上册）] (pp. 157) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B001FTL8D8/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=B001FTL8D8&linkCode=as2&tag=allset-20 →buy]

=== <span id="Websites" class="mw-headline">Websites</span> ===

* ChinesePod: [http://chinesepod.com/lessons/the-%E7%9D%80-zhe-chronicles-actions-in-progress Qing Wen - The 着 (zhe) Chronicles: Actions in Progress] (free podcast content)

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