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= Idiomatic phrases with &quot;zai&quot; =


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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/B1_grammar_points B1]

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<li>[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_location_with_%22zai..._shang_/_xia_/_li%22 Expressing location with &quot;zai... shang / xia / li&quot;] (A2)</li>
<li>[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_various_aspects_with_%22yi_fangmian%22 Expressing various aspects with &quot;yi fangmian&quot;] (B1)</li>
<li>[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_%22on_the_basis_of%22_with_%22ping%22 Expressing &quot;on the basis of&quot; with &quot;ping&quot;] (B2)</li>
<li>[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_%22within%22_a_period_of_time_using_%22zai..._nei%22 Expressing &quot;within&quot; a period of time using &quot;zai... nei&quot;] (B2)</li></ul>


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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_location Expressing location], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Indicating_conditions Indicating conditions]

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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E5%9C%A8 在], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E4%B8%8A 上], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E4%B8%8B 下], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E6%96%B9%E9%9D%A2 方面]

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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/In in], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/At at], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/On on]

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You probably already know how to [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_location_with_%22zai..._shang_/_xia_/_li%22 express location with 在]. In this article, we'll go more in depth as to how you can make idiomatic phrases using that construction. This kind of form is actually similar to some that we have in English, so it won't be too difficult.

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== Contents ==

<span class="toctoggle"> [[[#|hide]]] </span>

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* [[#Used_with_.E4.B8.8A|<span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Used with 上</span>]]
** [[#Structure|<span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Structure</span>]]
** [[#Examples|<span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span>]]
* [[#Used_with_.E4.B8.8B|<span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Used with 下</span>]]
** [[#Structure_2|<span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Structure</span>]]
** [[#Examples_2|<span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span>]]
* [[#Used_with_.E6.96.B9.E9.9D.A2|<span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Used with 方面</span>]]
** [[#Structure_3|<span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Structure</span>]]
** [[#Examples_3|<span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span>]]
* [[#See_also|<span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span>]]
* [[#Sources_and_further_reading|<span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Sources and further reading</span>]]
** [[#Books|<span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Books</span>]]


</div>
== <span id="Used_with_.E4.B8.8A" class="mw-headline">Used with 上</span> ==

This construction can be translated as &quot;on the topic of&quot; or &quot;in regards to.&quot; It can be used to comment on an idea or concept. The examples below will help.

=== <span id="Structure" class="mw-headline">Structure</span> ===

<div class="jiegou">

在 + Topic + 上 ，Subj. ⋯⋯


</div>
Note that the subject can also be put before 在.

=== <span id="Examples" class="mw-headline">Examples</span> ===

<div class="liju">

* ''在'' 这 个 问题 '''上''' ，我们 的 看法 是 一样 的 。<span class="pinyin">''Zài'' zhè gè wèntí '''shàng''', wǒmen de kànfǎ shì yīyàng de.</span><span class="trans">In regards to this problem, our opinions are the same.</span>
* ''在'' 美国 历史 '''上''' ，谁 是 最 重要 的 总统 ？<span class="pinyin">''Zài'' Měiguó lìshǐ '''shàng''', shéi shì zuì zhòngyào de zǒngtǒng ?</span><span class="trans">In regards to American history, who is the most important president?</span>
* 这个 句子 ''在'' 语法 '''上''' 没 什么 问题 ，但是 不 太 自然 。<span class="pinyin">Zhège jùzi ''zài'' yǔfǎ '''shàng''' méi shénme wèntí, dànshì bù tài zìrán.</span><span class="trans">This sentence is okay to say in terms of grammar, it's just not very natural.</span>
* 南方人 和 北方人 ''在'' 生活 习惯 '''上''' 有 很多 差异 。<span class="pinyin">Nánfāng rén hé běifāng rén ''zài'' shēnghuó xíguàn '''shàng''' yǒu hěn duō chāyì.</span><span class="trans">There are many differences between northern and southern people when it comes to living habits.</span>


</div>
== <span id="Used_with_.E4.B8.8B" class="mw-headline">Used with 下</span> ==

This construction can be translated (rather directly) as &quot;under&quot; and expresses conditions that affected the comment that comes after.

=== <span id="Structure_2" class="mw-headline">Structure</span> ===

<div class="jiegou">

在 ⋯⋯ 下 ，⋯⋯


</div>
=== <span id="Examples_2" class="mw-headline">Examples</span> ===

<div class="liju">

* ''在'' 这样 的 环境 '''下''' 长大 ，孩子 会 快乐 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">''Zài'' zhèyàng de huánjìng '''xià''' zhǎngdà, háizi huì kuàilè ma?</span><span class="trans">Do you think kids will be happy growing up in this kind of environment?</span>
* ''在'' 这 种 情况 '''下''' ，你们 会 怎么 做 ？<span class="pinyin">''Zài'' zhè zhǒng qíngkuàng '''xià''', nǐmen huì zěnme zuò?</span><span class="trans">In this situation, what would you do?</span>
* ''在'' 紧急 情况 '''下''' ，你 可以 这样 做 。<span class="pinyin">''Zài'' jǐnjí qíngkuàng '''xià''', nǐ kěyǐ zhèyàng zuò.</span><span class="trans">In emergencies, you can do this.</span>
* ''在'' 那么 困难 的 条件 '''下''' ，她 还是 坚持 让 孩子们 都 上学 。<span class="pinyin">''Zài'' nàme kùnnan de tiáojiàn '''xià''', tā háishì jiānchí ràng háizi men dōu shàngxué.</span><span class="trans"> Even under difficult financial constraints, she still insisted that the children should all go to school.</span>


</div>
== <span id="Used_with_.E6.96.B9.E9.9D.A2" class="mw-headline">Used with 方面</span> ==

This construction is similar to the 在⋯⋯上 above, which translates to &quot;in relation to&quot; or &quot;on the topic of.&quot;

=== <span id="Structure_3" class="mw-headline">Structure</span> ===

<div class="jiegou">

在 + Topic + 方面 ，Subj. ⋯⋯


</div>
=== <span id="Examples_3" class="mw-headline">Examples</span> ===

<div class="liju">

* ''在'' 事业 '''方面''' ，我 老板 很 成功 。<span class="pinyin">''Zài'' shìyè '''fāngmiàn''', wǒ lǎobǎn hěn chénggōng.</span><span class="trans">On the topic of career, my boss is very successful.</span>
* ''在'' 技术 '''方面''' ，他 是 专家 。<span class="pinyin">''Zài'' jìshù '''fāngmiàn''', tā shì zhuānjiā.</span><span class="trans">When it comes to technology, he's an expert.</span>
* ''在'' 管理 '''方面''' ，你 比 我 有经验 。<span class="pinyin">''Zài'' guǎnlǐ '''fāngmiàn''', nǐ bǐ wǒ yǒu jīngyàn.</span><span class="trans">When it comes to management, you have more experience than I do.</span>
* 中 西方 文化 ''在'' 很多 '''方面''' 都 有 共同点 。<span class="pinyin">Zhōng xīfāng wénhuà ''zài'' hěn duō '''fāngmiàn''' dōu yǒu gòngtóngdiǎn.</span><span class="trans">In certain aspects, Chinese and Western culture have a lot in common.</span>


</div>
== <span id="See_also" class="mw-headline">See also</span> ==

* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Using_%22zai%22_with_verbs Using &quot;zai&quot; with verbs]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%22Zai%22_following_verbs &quot;Zai&quot; following verbs]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_existence_in_a_place Expressing existence in a place]

== <span id="Sources_and_further_reading" class="mw-headline">Sources and further reading</span> ==

=== <span id="Books" class="mw-headline">Books</span> ===

* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Integrated_Chinese:_Level_2,_Part_1 Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1] (pp. 191) [http://amzn.to/2fdV2l3 →buy]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Integrated_Chinese:_Level_2,_Part_2 Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2] (pp. 264, 325) [http://amzn.to/2ftpILV →buy]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/New_Practical_Chinese_Reader_4_(%E6%96%B0%E5%AE%9E%E7%94%A8%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%BE%E6%9C%AC4) New Practical Chinese Reader 4 (新实用汉语课本4)] (pp. 40-1, 164-5, 185) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7561913192/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=7561913192 →buy]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E5%8D%93%E8%B6%8A%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%8D%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%AF%87 卓越汉语－公司实战篇] (pp. 42, 145) [ →buy]

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