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- <p>Just as <a href="Expressing_lateness_with_"cai"" title="wikilink">才 (cái) can express lateness</a>, 就 (jiù) can be used to indicate that something happened earlier or sooner than expected. It can also be used in the near future to indicate something will happen very soon.</p>
- <h2 id="就-as-right-away-in-the-future">就 as "Right Away" (in the Future)</h2>
- <p>When something happens "right away," you're talking about "very soon" in the <em>future</em>.</p>
- <h3 id="structure">Structure</h3>
- <p>The pattern is as follows:</p>
- <div class="jiegou">
- <p>Subj. + Time Word + 就 + Verb</p>
- </div>
- <h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>
- <div class="liju">
- <ul>
- <li>我 马上 <em>就</em> 来 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ mǎshàng <em>jiù</em> lái.</span><span class="trans">I'll be there in a second.</span></li>
- <li>饭 很 快 <em>就</em> 好 。<span class="pinyin">Fàn hěn kuài <em>jiù</em> hǎo.</span><span class="trans">Dinner will be ready very soon.</span></li>
- <li>你们 现在 <em>就</em> 出门 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen xiànzài <em>jiù</em> chūmén ma?</span><span class="trans">Are you leaving the house right now?</span></li>
- <li>他们 一会儿 <em>就</em> 到 。<span class="pinyin">Tāmen yīhuìr <em>jiù</em> dào.</span><span class="trans">They will be here in a few minutes.</span></li>
- <li>老板 明天 <em>就</em> 回来 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn míngtiān <em>jiù</em> huílái.</span><span class="trans">The boss will be back tomorrow.</span></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <p>Note that it can sometimes be hard to translate the feeling of "soonness" into English, but in every one of these examples, the time given in the sentences <em>feels "soon"</em> to the speaker.</p>
- <h2 id="就-as-early-in-the-past">就 as "Early" (in the Past)</h2>
- <h3 id="structure-1">Structure</h3>
- <p>The pattern is as follows:</p>
- <div class="jiegou">
- <p>Subj. + Time Word + 就 + Verb + Obj. + 了</p>
- </div>
- <h3 id="examples-1">Examples</h3>
- <p>In English this use of 就 might be expressed with "as early as," but usually it's not specifically marked.</p>
- <div class="liju">
- <ul>
- <li>我 昨晚 八 点 半 <em>就</em> 睡觉 了 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ zuówǎn bā diǎn bàn <em>jiù</em> shuìjiào le.</span><span class="trans">I went to bed at eight thirty last night.</span></li>
- <li>这个 问题 他 十 分钟 <em>就</em> 解决 了 。<span class="pinyin">Zhège wèntí tā shí fēnzhōng <em>jiù</em> jiějué le.</span><span class="trans">It only took him ten minutes to solve this problem.</span></li>
- <li>这 本 书 你 一 个 晚上 <em>就</em> 看 完 了 ？<span class="pinyin">Zhè běn shū nǐ yī gè wǎnshang <em>jiù</em> kàn wán le?</span><span class="trans">It only took you just one night to finish reading this book?</span></li>
- <li>她 十八 岁 <em>就</em> 大学 毕业 了。<span class="pinyin">Tā shíbā suì <em>jiù</em> dàxué bìyè le.</span><span class="trans">She graduated from college when she was only 18 years old.</span></li>
- <li>我们 早上 九点 上课，他 八点 <em>就</em> 来 了。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen zǎoshang jiǔ diǎn shàngkè, tā bā diǎn <em>jiù</em> lái le.</span><span class="trans">We have class at nine in the morning, and he came at eight.</span></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <p>From the example sentences it is clear that <a href="了" class="uri" title="wikilink">了</a> naturally occurs with a verb used after 就. This is because verbs following 就 generally have the feeling of being completed.</p>
- <h2 id="usage-of-早就">Usage of 早就</h2>
- <p>早就 means "long ago," and is usually used to express a kind of impatience or surprise on the part of the speaker. It comes before the verb.</p>
- <div class="liju">
- <ul>
- <li>我 <em>早就</em> 知道 了！<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>zǎo jiù</em> zhīdào le!</span><span class="trans">I knew that long ago!</span></li>
- <li>她 <em>早就</em> 结婚 了。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>zǎo jiù</em> jiéhūn le.</span><span class="trans">She got married long time ago.</span></li>
- <li>我们 <em>早就</em> 毕业 了。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <em>zǎo jiù</em> bìyè le.</span><span class="trans">We graduated a long time ago!</span></li>
- <li>我 <em>早就</em> 跟 你 说 过，他 不 是 好人。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>zǎo jiù</em> gēn nǐ shuō guo, tā bù shì hǎo rén.</span><span class="trans">I told you a long time ago that he's not a good guy.</span></li>
- <li>这 家 店 <em>早就</em> 关门 了。<span class="pinyin">Zhè jiā diàn <em>zǎo jiù</em> guānmén le.</span><span class="trans">This shop closed a long time ago.</span></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
- <ul>
- <li><a href="Comparing_"cai"_and_"jiu"" title="wikilink">Comparing "cai" and "jiu"</a></li>
- <li><a href="Events_in_quick_succession_with_"yi..._jiu"" title="wikilink">Events in quick succession with "yi... jiu"</a></li>
- <li><a href="Expressing_indifference_with_"jiu"" title="wikilink">Expressing indifference with "jiu"</a></li>
- <li><a href="Limiting_scope_with_"jiu"" title="wikilink">Limiting scope with "jiu"</a></li>
- <li><a href=""If…,_then…"_with_"ruguo…,_jiu…"" title="wikilink">"If…, then…" with "ruguo…, jiu…"</a></li>
- </ul>
- <h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further reading</h2>
- <h3 id="books">Books</h3>
- <ul>
- <li><a href="Integrated_Chinese:_Level_1,_Part_1" title="wikilink">Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1</a> (pp. 181-2) <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276385/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0887276385">→buy</a></li>
- <li><a href="New_Practical_Chinese_Reader_3_(新实用汉语课本3)" title="wikilink">New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3)</a> (pp. 102-3) <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/756191251X/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=756191251X">→buy</a></li>
- <li><a href="40_Lessons_for_Basic_Chinese_Course_(基础汉语40课上册）" title="wikilink">40 Lessons for Basic Chinese Course (基础汉语40课上册）</a> (p. 239)<a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B001FTL8D8/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=B001FTL8D8&linkCode=as2&tag=allset-20">→buy</a></li>
- </ul>
- <h3 id="websites">Websites</h3>
- <ul>
- <li>East Asia Student: <a href="http://eastasiastudent.net/2619/china/mandarin/cmn-grammar/jiu-cai-early-as-not-until/">就 and 才 in Mandarin: as early as, not until</a></li>
- </ul>
- <p><a href="Category:B1_grammar_points" title="wikilink">Category:B1 grammar points</a> <a href="Category:_Adverbs" title="wikilink">Category: Adverbs</a></p>
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