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Grammar-wiki-B1-67.txt.html

Grammar-wiki-B1-67.txt.html 4.9 KB
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  1. 

  2. <p>The word 给 (gěi) literally means &quot;to give,&quot; but is frequently used in Chinese to indicate the <em>target</em> of a verb. The target is who or what the verb is aimed or directed at.</p>
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  3. <h2 id="structure">Structure</h2>
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  4. <div class="jiegou">
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  5. <p>Subj. + 给 + Target + Verb + Obj.</p>
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  6. </div>
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  7. <h2 id="examples">Examples</h2>
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  8. <div class="liju">
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  9. <ul>
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  10. <li>我 <em>给</em> 他 打 电话 了。<span class="expl">Literally, &quot;I give him hit phone.&quot;</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>gěi</em> tā dǎ diànhuà le.</span><span class="trans">I gave him a phone call.</span></li>
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  11. <li>请 <em>给</em> 我 回 电话。<span class="pinyin">Qǐng <em>gěi</em> wǒ huí diànhuà.</span><span class="trans">Please return my phone call.</span></li>
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  12. <li>我 <em>给</em> 你 发 了 一 封 邮件。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>gěi</em> nǐ fā le yī fēng yóujiàn.</span><span class="trans">I sent you a letter.</span></li>
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  13. <li>我 要 <em>给</em> 你 看 我们 的 新 产品。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ yào <em>gěi</em> nǐ kàn wǒmen de xīn chǎnpǐn.</span><span class="trans">I want you to take a look at our new product.</span></li>
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  14. <li><em>给</em> 女朋友 买 什么 礼物 呢？<span class="pinyin"><em>Gěi</em> nǚpéngyou mǎi shénme lǐwù ne?</span><span class="trans">What gift should I buy for my girlfriend?</span></li>
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  15. <li><em>给</em> 我 说 说 这 件 事情。<span class="pinyin"><em>Gěi</em> wǒ shuō shuō zhè jiàn shìqing.</span><span class="trans">Talk about this matter with me.</span></li>
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  16. <li>小 时候，妈妈 每天 都 <em>给</em> 我 讲 故事。<span class="pinyin">Xiǎo shíhou, māma měitiān dōu <em>gěi</em> wǒ jiǎng gùshi.</span><span class="trans">When I was young, every day my mother would tell me stories.</span></li>
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  17. <li>你 应该 <em>给</em> 他 道歉。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ yīnggāi <em>gěi</em> tā dàoqiàn.</span><span class="trans">You should apologize to him.</span></li>
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  18. </ul>
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  19. </div>
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  20. <p>Chinese speakers use 给 (gěi) in some interesting ways, similar to how English speakers use &quot;to give,&quot; as in &quot;to give someone a phone call&quot; or &quot;to give someone a reply.&quot;</p>
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  21. <h2 id="alternative-structure">Alternative Structure</h2>
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  22. <p>Although the structure above is the best one to learn first, some verbs frequently use 给, but have the 给 coming after the verb, rather than before. It's best to think of these as exceptions to the rule above, and you can learn more about these exceptions by reading about <a href="&quot;Gei&quot;_following_verbs" title="wikilink">&quot;gei&quot; following verbs</a>.</p>
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  23. <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
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  24. <ul>
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  25. <li><a href="&quot;Gei&quot;_following_verbs" title="wikilink">&quot;Gei&quot; following verbs</a></li>
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  26. <li><a href="Expressing_&quot;with&quot;_with_&quot;gen&quot;" title="wikilink">Expressing &quot;with&quot; with &quot;gen&quot;</a></li>
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  27. <li><a href="Using_&quot;dui&quot;" title="wikilink">Using &quot;dui&quot;</a></li>
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  28. <li><a href="Complements_with_&quot;dao,&quot;_&quot;gei&quot;_and_&quot;zai&quot;" title="wikilink">Complements with &quot;dao,&quot; &quot;gei&quot; and &quot;zai&quot;</a></li>
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  29. </ul>
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  30. <h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and Further Reading</h2>
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  31. <h3 id="books">Books</h3>
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  32. <ul>
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  33. <li><a href="Chinese:_An_Essential_Grammar,_Second_Edition" title="wikilink">Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition</a> (pp. 170) <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0415372615/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=allset-20&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;camp=217145&amp;creative=399369&amp;creativeASIN=0415372615">→buy</a></li>
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  34. <li><a href="Integrated_Chinese:_Level_1,_Part_1_(3rd_ed)" title="wikilink">Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed)</a> (pp. 154) <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276385/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=allset-20&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;camp=217145&amp;creative=399369&amp;creativeASIN=0887276385">→buy</a></li>
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  35. <li><a href="New_Practical_Chinese_Reader_1_(新实用汉语课本1)" title="wikilink">New Practical Chinese Reader 1 (新实用汉语课本1)</a> (pp. 143) <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7561910401/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=allset-20&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;camp=217145&amp;creative=399369&amp;creativeASIN=7561910401">→buy</a></li>
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  36. <li><a href="New_Practical_Chinese_Reader_1_(新实用汉语课本1)(2nd_ed)" title="wikilink">New Practical Chinese Reader 1 (新实用汉语课本1)(2nd ed)</a> (pp. 165) <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7561926235/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=allset-20&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;camp=217145&amp;creative=399373&amp;creativeASIN=7561926235">→buy</a></li>
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  37. </ul>
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  38. <h3 id="websites">Websites</h3>
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  39. <ul>
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  40. <li>Chinesegrammar.info: <a href="http://chinesegrammar.info/structure/gei3-directly-after-verb/">When 给 (gěi) comes directly after verbs in Mandarin Chinese (verb-给 compounds)</a></li>
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  41. </ul>
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  42. <p>         </p>
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  43. <p><a href="Category:B1_grammar_points" title="wikilink">Category:B1 grammar points</a></p>
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