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= Comparing &quot;hui&quot; &quot;neng&quot; &quot;keyi&quot; =


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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/B1_grammar_points B1]

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<li>[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/The_use_of_Taiwanese_Mandarin_%22hui%22 The use of Taiwanese Mandarin &quot;hui&quot;] (B2)</li></ul>


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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Describing_actions Describing actions], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_ability Expressing ability], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_possibility Expressing possibility], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_permission_with_%22keyi%22 Expressing permission with &quot;keyi&quot;], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Requesting Requesting]

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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E4%BC%9A 会], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E8%83%BD 能], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E5%8F%AF%E4%BB%A5 可以]

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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Can can], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Able able]

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This is one of the trickiest comparisons, as 会 (huì), 能 (néng), and 可以 (kěyǐ) are often translated as &quot;can.&quot; Sometimes they are explained as: 会 means &quot;know how to,&quot; 能 means &quot;to be able to,&quot; and 可以 means &quot;to have permission to.&quot; Actually, they overlap somewhat.

<div id="toc" class="toc">

<div id="toctitle">

== Contents ==

<span class="toctoggle"> [[[#|hide]]] </span>

</div>
* [[#Basic_Meanings|<span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Basic Meanings</span>]]
* [[#Expressing_Ability|<span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Expressing Ability</span>]]
** [[#Structure|<span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Structure</span>]]
** [[#Examples|<span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span>]]
* [[#Expressing_Permission|<span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Expressing Permission</span>]]
** [[#Structure_2|<span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Structure</span>]]
** [[#Examples_2|<span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span>]]
* [[#Expressing_Possibility|<span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Expressing Possibility</span>]]
** [[#Structure_3|<span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Structure</span>]]
** [[#Example|<span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Example</span>]]
* [[#Talking_about_the_Future|<span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Talking about the Future</span>]]
** [[#Structure_4|<span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Structure</span>]]
** [[#Examples_3|<span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span>]]
* [[#Using_Adverbs_to_Add_Emphasis|<span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Using Adverbs to Add Emphasis</span>]]
** [[#Structure_5|<span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Structure</span>]]
** [[#Examples_4|<span class="tocnumber">6.2</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span>]]
* [[#Similar_Expression_with_Different_Meanings|<span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Similar Expression with Different Meanings</span>]]
* [[#See_also|<span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span>]]
* [[#Sources_and_further_reading|<span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Sources and further reading</span>]]
** [[#Books|<span class="tocnumber">9.1</span> <span class="toctext">Books</span>]]
** [[#Dictionaries|<span class="tocnumber">9.2</span> <span class="toctext">Dictionaries</span>]]
** [[#Websites|<span class="tocnumber">9.3</span> <span class="toctext">Websites</span>]]


</div>
== <span id="Basic_Meanings" class="mw-headline">Basic Meanings</span> ==

The words 会, 能, and 可以 actually overlap a little in meaning. The first step is to understand their basic meanings, though:

# 会 can mean &quot;know how to&quot; and can express an action that you had to learn or be trained in to do.
# 能 means &quot;to be able to&quot; and expresses having a certain ability or having obtained a certain minimum requirement.
# 可以 means &quot;may&quot; or &quot;to be allowed to&quot; and expresses having another person's permission.

As for overlap, this graphic helps explain nicely:

[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/File:Hui-neng-keyi-venn-diagram.png [[File:Comparing%20%22hui%22%20%22neng%22%20%22keyi%22%20-%20Chinese%20Grammar%20Wiki_fichiers/Hui-neng-keyi-venn-diagram.png|800x508px|Hui-neng-keyi-venn-diagram.png]]]

The regions marked by letters are explained in the sections below:

* A: ability in the sense of “know how to” (会 is more common than 能)
* B: permission/request (use 能 or 可以)
* C: possibility (use 能 or 可以)
* D: permission not granted (use 不可以)
* E: impossibility (use 不能)

== <span id="Expressing_Ability" class="mw-headline">Expressing Ability</span> ==

Both 会 and 能 can be used to express ability in something.

=== <span id="Structure" class="mw-headline">Structure</span> ===

<div class="jiegou">

会／能 + Verb


</div>
=== <span id="Examples" class="mw-headline">Examples</span> ===

<div class="liju">

* 我们 都 ''会'' 游泳 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen dōu ''huì'' yóuyǒng.</span><span class="trans">We all know how to swim.</span>
* 他 不 ''会'' 修 电脑 。<span class="pinyin">Tā bù ''huì'' xiū diànnǎo.</span><span class="trans">He doesn't know how to fix computers.</span>


</div>
<div class="liju">

* <span class="speaker">A:</span> 你 ''会'' 说 中文 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ ''huì'' shuō Zhōngwén ma?</span><span class="trans">Can you speak Chinese?</span>
* <span class="speaker">B:</span> 不 好意思 ，我 只 ''会'' 说 一点 。<span class="pinyin">Bù hǎoyìsi, wǒ zhǐ ''huì'' shuō yīdiǎn.</span><span class="trans">Sorry, I can only speak a little.</span>


</div>
<div class="liju">

* <span class="speaker">A:</span>你 ''能'' 吃 三 碗 米饭 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ ''néng'' chī sān wǎn mǐfàn ma?</span><span class="trans">Are you able to eat three bowls of rice?</span>
* <span class="speaker">B:</span> 不 ''能'' 。<span class="pinyin">Bù ''néng''.</span><span class="trans">I can't.</span>


</div>
== <span id="Expressing_Permission" class="mw-headline">Expressing Permission</span> ==

可以 is used to ask for or give permission. However, 能 can also be used to replace 可以 interchangeably.

'''Note:''' When a question is asked using 能 or 可以 it can be answered with 不能 or 不可以, meaning no, and only 可以 meaning yes. Chinese don't really answer with just 能.

=== <span id="Structure_2" class="mw-headline">Structure</span> ===

<div class="jiegou">

可以 / 能 + Verb


</div>
=== <span id="Examples_2" class="mw-headline">Examples</span> ===

<div class="liju">

* <span class="speaker">A:</span>老师 ，我 ''可以'' 早点 走 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Lǎoshī, wǒ ''kěyǐ'' zǎo diǎn zǒu ma?</span><span class="trans">Teacher, can I leave a little early?</span>
* <span class="speaker">B:</span>不 可以 。<span class="pinyin">Bù ''kěyǐ''.</span><span class="trans">No, you can't.</span>


</div>
<div class="liju">

* <span class="speaker">A:</span> 我 ''能'' 在 这里 抽烟 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Wǒ ''néng'' zài zhèlǐ chōuyān ma?</span><span class="trans">Can I smoke here?</span>
* <span class="speaker">B:</span> 不 ''能'' 。<span class="pinyin">Bù ''néng''.</span><span class="trans">No, you can't.</span>


</div>
== <span id="Expressing_Possibility" class="mw-headline">Expressing Possibility</span> ==

能 and 可以 can also be used to express possibility.

=== <span id="Structure_3" class="mw-headline">Structure</span> ===

<div class="jiegou">

可以 / 能 + Verb


</div>
=== <span id="Example" class="mw-headline">Example</span> ===

<div class="liju">

* 明天 你 ''能'' 早点 来 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Míngtiān nǐ ''néng'' zǎodiǎn lái ma?</span><span class="trans">Is it possible for you to come a little earlier tomorrow?</span>
* ''可 不 可以'' 换 一 个 ？<span class="pinyin">''Kě bu kěyǐ'' huàn yī gè?</span><span class="trans">Is it possible to change it?</span>


</div>
<div class="liju">

* <span class="speaker">A:</span>外国人 ''能 不 能'' 参加 ？<span class="pinyin">Wàiguó rén ''néng bu néng'' cānjiā?</span><span class="trans">Is it possible for foreigners to attend?</span>
* <span class="speaker">B:</span> 不 ''能'' 。<span class="pinyin">Bù ''néng''.</span><span class="trans">Not possible.</span>


</div>
== <span id="Talking_about_the_Future" class="mw-headline">Talking about the Future</span> ==

Only 会 can be used to mean something is going to happen. It expresses that something in the future will happen and is often used to express trends or possibilities.

=== <span id="Structure_4" class="mw-headline">Structure</span> ===

<div class="jiegou">

会 + Verb / Adj.


</div>
=== <span id="Examples_3" class="mw-headline">Examples</span> ===

<div class="liju">

* 他 不 ''会'' 跟 你 结婚 。<span class="pinyin">Tā bù ''huì'' gēn nǐ jiéhūn.</span><span class="trans">He's not going to marry you.</span>
* 你 ''会'' 生 我 的 气 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ ''huì'' shēng wǒ de qì ma?</span><span class="trans">Will you be mad at me?</span>
* 这样 穿 ''会'' 好看 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Zhèyàng chuān ''huì'' hǎokàn ma?</span><span class="trans">Will I look good if I dress like this?</span>


</div>
<div class="liju">

* <span class="speaker">A:</span> 今天 ''会'' 下雨 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Jīntiān ''huì'' xiàyǔ ma?</span><span class="trans">Is it going to rain today?</span>
* <span class="speaker">B:</span> 我看 不 ''会'' 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ kàn bù ''huì''.</span><span class="trans">I don't think it will.</span>


</div>
== <span id="Using_Adverbs_to_Add_Emphasis" class="mw-headline">Using Adverbs to Add Emphasis</span> ==

By placing 很 (hěn) before 会, it adds emphasis to the level of ability and skill on the action presented. 很会 is commonly used to mean &quot;to be good at&quot; and expresses being very skillful at something, or doing something very well. It can be translated as &quot;really can,&quot; as in &quot;you 'really' can speak Chinese!&quot; Another way to put it is, &quot;You are good at speaking Chinese.&quot;

When 很 is placed in front of 能, the meaning takes on a amazed/surprised tone on the action. Although more rarely used, it emphasizes quantity and amount. 很能 is most commonly used with 吃(chī) to eat, and 睡 (shuì) to sleep. It's like the English equivalent of saying you &quot;can really&quot; do something. For example saying that someone &quot;''can really'' sleep&quot; means that they can sleep a lot.

'''Note:''' 很可以 is not a phrase and therefore can not be used with 会 to add emphasis. Other adverbs like 真 (zhēn), 太 (tài), 这么 (zhème) etc. can also be used.

=== <span id="Structure_5" class="mw-headline">Structure</span> ===

<div class="jiegou">

很 + 会／能 + Verb


</div>
=== <span id="Examples_4" class="mw-headline">Examples</span> ===

<div class="liju">

* 他 '''很'''''能'' 说 。<span class="pinyin">Tā '''hěn''' ''néng'' shuō.</span><span class="trans">He's quite a talker.</span>
* 我 妈妈 '''很''' ''会'' 做饭 。<span class="expl">My mom cooks very well.</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ māma '''hěn''' ''huì'' zuòfàn.</span><span class="trans">My mother really knows how to cook.</span>
* 她 才 五岁 ，但是 '''很''' ''会'' 说话 。<span class="expl">The subject has good speaking skills.</span><span class="pinyin">Tā cái wǔ suì, dànshì '''hěn''' ''huì'' shuōhuà.</span><span class="trans">She's only five but she's a smooth talker.</span>
* 这个 女生 '''很''' ''会'' 打扮 。<span class="pinyin">Zhège nǚshēng '''hěn''' ''huì'' dǎban.</span><span class="trans">This girl knows how to dress up really well.</span>


</div>
Note that 很可以说 is wrong and it doesn't mean anything.

Examples used with other adverbs:

<div class="liju">

* 他 '''太''' ''能'' 睡 了 。<span class="expl">The subject can sleep a lot, for many hours.</span><span class="pinyin">Tā '''tài''' ''néng'' shuì le.</span><span class="trans">He can really sleep.</span>
* 没想到 你 '''这么'''''能'' 吃苦 。<span class="pinyin">Méixiǎngdào nǐ '''zhème''' ''néng'' chīkǔ.</span><span class="trans">I didn't expect you to be a person who could handle so many burdens.</span>
* 你 '''真'''''能'' 吃 !<span class="expl">The subject can eat a lot.</span><span class="pinyin">Nǐ '''zhēn''' ''néng'' chī!</span><span class="trans">Wow, you really can eat!</span>
* 中国 人 '''真'''''会'' 吃 ! <span class="expl">The subject has great knowledge about food and its culture, a true connoisseur.</span><span class="pinyin">Zhōngguó rén '''zhēn''' ''huì'' chī!</span><span class="trans">Chinese people can really eat.</span>

Note that 很可以吃 is wrong and it doesn't mean anything.


</div>
== <span id="Similar_Expression_with_Different_Meanings" class="mw-headline">Similar Expression with Different Meanings</span> ==

<div class="liju">

* 我 的 脚 好 了 ，现在 又 ''能'' 跳舞 了 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ de jiǎo hǎo le, xiànzài yòu ''néng'' tiàowǔ le.</span><span class="trans">I am able to dance now since my foot is better. (The condition changed)</span>
* 我 学 了 两 个 月 ，现在 我 ''会'' 跳舞 了 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ xué le liǎng gè yuè, xiànzài wǒ ''huì'' tiàowǔ le.</span><span class="trans">I studied for two months. I know how to dance now. (It's a learned skill)</span>
* 我 爸妈 同意 了 ，现在 我 ''可以'' 跳舞 了 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ bàmā tóngyì le, xiànzài wǒ ''kěyǐ'' tiàowǔ le.</span><span class="trans">My parents agreed. I'm allowed to dance now. (Parents gave their permission)</span>


</div>
Note that none of the three can be followed by the aspectual particle 过.

For a good visualization on how these three overlap, check out the [http://www.sinosplice.com/life/archives/2009/10/13/chinese-modal-verb-venn-diagram%7C Chinese Modal Verb Venn Diagram].

== <span id="See_also" class="mw-headline">See also</span> ==

* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Auxiliary_verb_%22hui%22_for_%22will%22 Auxiliary verb &quot;hui&quot; for &quot;will&quot;]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_a_learned_skill Expressing a learned skill]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_ability_or_possibility Expressing ability or possibility]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_permission Expressing permission]

== <span id="Sources_and_further_reading" class="mw-headline">Sources and further reading</span> ==

=== <span id="Books" class="mw-headline">Books</span> ===

* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E5%AF%B9%E5%A4%96%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E6%95%99%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95%E9%87%8A%E7%96%91201%E4%BE%8B 对外汉语教学语法释疑201例] (pp. 55, 65) [ →buy]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Integrated_Chinese:_Level_1,_Part_1_(3rd_ed) Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed)] (pp. 219-20) [http://amzn.to/2xe9H5W →buy]

=== <span id="Dictionaries" class="mw-headline">Dictionaries</span> ===

* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC5%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89 现代汉语词典（第5版）] (pp. 989, 773, 610) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8/dp/B001B1RZCI/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693609&sr=8-1 →buy]

=== <span id="Websites" class="mw-headline">Websites</span> ===

* [http://www.sinosplice.com/life/archives/2009/10/13/chinese-modal-verb-venn-diagram Sinosplice: Chinese Modal Verb Venn Diagram]

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