Niveau 1: Introduction à l'écriture chinoise.html 64 KB

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  97. <div id="page-navbar" class="clearfix row-fluid"><div class="breadcrumb-nav span9"><span class="accesshide" id="navbar-label">Chemin de la page</span><nav aria-labelledby="navbar-label"><ul class="breadcrumb style1"><li class="first"><a href="https://www.cours-de-chinois.com/">Accueil</a></li><li><span style="display: inline-block; width: 17px;"><a title="Niveau 1" href="https://www.cours-de-chinois.com/course/view.php?id=3" style="width: 72px;">Niveau 1</a></span></li><li><span style="display: inline-block; width: 17px;"><a href="https://www.cours-de-chinois.com/course/view.php?id=3&amp;section=1" style="width: 160px;">Séquence 1 Salutation</a></span></li><li class="last"><a title="Page" href="https://www.cours-de-chinois.com/mod/page/view.php?id=19">Introduction à l'écriture chinoise</a></li></ul></nav></div><nav class="breadcrumb-button span3"></nav></div> <section role="main-content">
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  102. <section id="region-main" class="span9 pull-right"><div class="coursetitle"><div class="page-context-header"><div class="page-header-headings"><h1>Niveau 1</h1></div></div></div><div class="bor"></div><div role="main"><span id="maincontent"></span><div class="row-fluid"><div class="span8"><h2>Introduction à l'écriture chinoise</h2></div><div class="span4 heading-rts"><a href="https://www.cours-de-chinois.com/course/view.php?id=3&amp;sesskey=vEaigbaWFL&amp;section=1" class="btn btn-default" title="Revenir à Séquence 1 Sal...">Revenir à Séquence 1 Sal...<i class="fa-sign-in fa fa-fw"></i></a></div></div><div class="box generalbox center clearfix"><div class="no-overflow"><p>L'unité d'écriture du caractère chinois, ou<strong> sinogramme</strong>, est le trait. Dans l'écriture chinoise , on dénombre 8 traits fondamentaux :</p>
  103. <p><img style="vertical-align: middle; display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 50%;" src="Niveau%201:%20Introduction%20%C3%A0%20l%27%C3%A9criture%20chinoise_files/8traits.png" alt="Les 8 traits de l'écriture chinoise"></p>
  104. <p>Ces 8 traits simples peuvent avoir de nombreuses variantes, 29 en
  105. tout, que l'on appelle "trait complexe". Mais il est pas préférable de
  106. ne pas les apprendre au début. Il vous suffit de savoir que ces 8 traits
  107. fondamentaux peuvent varier.</p>
  108. <p>Avec ces 8 traits fondamentaux et leurs variantes, on peut écrire 214
  109. caractères chinois fondamentaux que l'on appelle des clés. Certaines
  110. "clés" sont des mots que l'on utilise comme <span class="hanzi">马</span> mǎ (cheval), d'autres ne se trouvent jamais seuls comme la clé de l'eau : <span class="hanzi">氵</span>
  111. mais seulement avec d'autres clés. En combinant ces clés, on peut créer
  112. une infinité de caractères chinois. L'apprentissage des clés peut
  113. paraître inutile voire fastidieux au débutant, mais cela permet ensuite
  114. de mémoriser beaucoup plus facilement les caractères chinois.</p>
  115. <h2>Règle d'écriture du chinois</h2>
  116. <p>Un caractère chinois <em> s'écrit dans un carré imaginaire</em>. Si
  117. le caractère est composé de plusieurs clés, ce qui est pratiquement
  118. toujours le cas, il ne faut pas que les clés soient trop éloignées les
  119. unes des autres, mais qu'elles rentrent toutes dans le même carré, sinon
  120. elles seront considérées comme des caractères différents. Exemple le
  121. caractère <span class="hanzi">好</span> est composé de deux clés. Si on n'écrit pas les deux dans un même carré imaginaire cela donne : <span class="hanzi">女</span><span class="hanzi">子</span>.</p>
  122. <p>Lorsqu'on apprend à écrire un caractère chinois, il faut impérativement <strong>respecter la décomposition</strong>, c'est-à-dire l'ordre et le sens d'écriture des traits.</p>
  123. <p>Il existe sept règles essentielles d'écriture du chinois. Vous pouvez les consulter sur cette page <a href="http://www.chine-culture.com/chinois/les-regles-d-ecriture.php" target="_blank">Les règles d'écriture du chinois</a>. Il faut retenir que les traits verticaux se font toujours de haut en bas et les traits horizontaux de gauche à droite.</p>
  124. <p>On apprend à écrire le chinois sur des feuilles simples type feuille
  125. d'imprimante. Un stylo bille convient très bien pour s'entraîner. On
  126. fait des lignes d'écriture dans des grilles prévues à cet effet. Le site
  127. <a href="http://www.chine-culture.com/" target="_blank">chine-culture.com</a> propose un outil pour générer des <a href="http://www.chine-culture.com/chinois/grille-ecriture.php" target="_blank">grilles d'écriture</a> pour s'entraîner. Dans ce <em>cours de chinois en ligne</em> vous pourrez télécharger et imprimer les grilles d'écriture de chaque leçon pour vous entraîner.</p>
  128. <p>Les grilles d'écritures de cette leçon ainsi que l'exemple de grille
  129. d'écriture déjà réalisée peuvent être téléchargés dans le cours
  130. d'écriture de cette séquence.</p></div></div><div class="modified">Modifié le: Thursday 4 June 2015, 09:05</div></div><div class="row-fluid"><div class="span12 text-center footer-rts"><a href="https://www.cours-de-chinois.com/course/view.php?id=3&amp;sesskey=vEaigbaWFL&amp;section=1" class="btn btn-default" title="Revenir à Séquence 1 Sal...">Revenir à Séquence 1 Sal...<i class="fa-sign-in fa fa-fw"></i></a></div></div></section><aside id="block-region-side-pre" class="span3 desktop-first-column block-region" data-blockregion="side-pre" data-droptarget="1"><a class="skip skip-block" id="fsb-1" href="#sb-1">Sauter Administration</a><div id="inst5" class="block_settings block" role="navigation" data-block="settings" data-instanceid="5" aria-labelledby="instance-5-header" data-dockable="1"><div class="header"><div class="title" id="yui_3_17_2_1_1467549330258_189"><div class="block_action"><img class="block-hider-hide" alt="Cacher bloc Administration" 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