FSI-Chinese-Docbook/OptionalModule-WLF/FSI-OptionalModule-WLF.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-model href="http://docbook.org/xml/5.1/rng/docbook.rng" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>
<?xml-model href="http://docbook.org/xml/5.1/sch/docbook.sch" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>
<chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
	version="5.1">
	<title>Personal Welfare</title>
	<para/>
	<section>
		<title>Objectives for the Personal Welfare Module</title>
		<para>When you have finished this module, you will be able to:</para>
		<orderedlist>
			<listitem>
				<para>Describe the weather in all four seasons for your present locale, a Chinese
					city, and your hometown. </para>
			</listitem>
			<listitem>
				<para>Describe the location, geographical setting, population, and air quality of
					the three areas in No. 1. </para>
			</listitem>
			<listitem>
				<para>Give the names of five or more items of clothing. </para>
			</listitem>
			<listitem>
				<para>Get your hair cut or styled. </para>
			</listitem>
			<listitem>
				<para>Describe several items you ordinarily carry with you when traveling. </para>
			</listitem>
			<listitem>
				<para>Give the names of and describe the different rooms in a house. </para>
			</listitem>
			<listitem>
				<para>Give simple directions to a babysitter. </para>
			</listitem>
			<listitem>
				<para>Ask and answer questions about the common cold and its symptoms. Offer advice
					on what to do for a simple ailment. Understand the use of kāishuǐ, “boiled
					water.” </para>
			</listitem>
			<listitem>
				<para>Describe what takes place during a visit to the doctor. Know how to give
					normal body temperature in Celsius and in Fahrenheit. Tell '“where it hurts”
					(using a list of the parts of the body, if necessary. ) </para>
			</listitem>
			<listitem>
				<para>Describe accidents where injuries occur, and tell someone to call an
					ambulance. </para>
			</listitem>
			<listitem>
				<para>Report the loss of a passport to the appropriate officials. Find out where to
					go to report the loss and be able to determine whether adequate translation
					facilities will be available. </para>
			</listitem>
			<listitem>
				<para>Use the words for “danger” and “caution” in grammatical, situationally
					appropriate sentences. Describe how someone entered a restricted area and how
					and for what reasons he was escorted out.</para>
			</listitem>
		</orderedlist>
	</section>
	<section>
		<title>Unit 1: Weather and Terrain</title>

		<section>
			<title>References Notes</title>
			<section>
				<title>Part 1</title>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>References Notes on Part 1</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jīntiān tiānqi hěn
							hǎo</foreignphrase>: Notice that the time word <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jīntiān</foreignphrase> “today” is placed
						before the subject, not directly before the verb here. Most time words of
						more than one syllable may come either before or after the subject, but in
						either case before the verb. Examples:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1"
							colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qùnián wǒ
												hái bú huì xiě zì.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Last year I still couldn't write characters.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiànzài
												hui xiě yìdiǎn le. </foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Now I can write a little.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qìhòu</foreignphrase>: “climate”
						Also pronounced <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>qìhòu</foreignphrase> (with <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>hou</foreignphrase> in the neutral tone).</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dōngtiān hěn
							lěng.</foreignphrase>: “it's cold in winter” The adverb <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hěn</foreignphrase> is not translated here.
						Often <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hěn</foreignphrase> adds
						little or nothing to the intensity of the adjectival verb, and doesn't need
						to be translated by “very.” Later, you may notice that sometimes we
						translate the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hěn</foreignphrase>
						literally and sometimes we choose to omit it from the translation. It is not
						a matter of right and wrong; it is more a matter of feeling, and may be, we
						admit, a somewhat arbitrary decision.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chángcháng</foreignphrase>:
						“often, frequently, usually” An alternate form of this word is
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>cháng</foreignphrase>.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā
												chángcháng qù Xiānggǎng.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>She often goes to Hong Kong.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cháng
												kàn bàozhǐ.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He often reads the newspaper.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>The phrase “very often” is NOT formed by using <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hěn</foreignphrase> with <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cháng</foreignphrase>; instead, Just use
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cháng</foreignphrase> or
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chángcháng</foreignphrase>. If
						you must stress that something happens very often, use a phrase like “every
						few days.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xià xuě</foreignphrase>: “to
						snow” or more literally ”(there) falls snow.” The subject <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xuě</foreignphrase> “snow” normally follows
						the verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xià</foreignphrase> “to
						descend.” This reversal of subject and verb is the rule, not the exception,
						in weather expressions. **English is no more logical when it comes to
						weather expressions: it uses the meaningless subject “it,” as in “it snows.”**<footnote>
							<para>English is no more logical when it comes to weather expressions:
								it uses the meaningless “it,”as in “it snows.”</para>
						</footnote><informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Òu, xià xuě
												le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Oh, it's snowing.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xià xuě ma?
												Bu xià.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Is it snowing? No.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu méiyou
												xià xue? Méiyou.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Is it snowing? No.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xià xuě le
												méiyou? Méiyou.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Is it snowing? No.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jīntiān xià
												xuě bu xià xuě?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Is it going to snow today?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xiànzài bù
												xià xuě le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>It's not snowing anymore.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tiān</foreignphrase>: “heaven,
						sky, day.”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Āiya, wǒde
												tiān na!</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Oh my heavens!</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tiān
												zhǐdao!</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Heaven only knows!</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qíng</foreignphrase>: “to be
						clear, to clear up” In the sentence<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							> Tiān qíng</foreignphrase> le, the marker le tells us that a change has
						taken place. The meaning is not simply that the sky is clear, but that the
						sky is clear NOW, or rather, the sky has cleared up.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Juéde</foreignphrase> “to feel”
						Here <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">juéde</foreignphrase> is used
						to mean “to feel, to think, to have an opinion about something.” It can also
						mean “to feel” in a physical way, as in “to feel sick.” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ Juéde ... zěnmeyàng?</foreignphrase> can
						be well translated as “How do you like ... ?</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hěn shǎo</foreignphrase>: “It
						seldom snows in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Shànghǎi</foreignphrase> in the winter.” The adjectival verb
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shǎo</foreignphrase> “to be
						few” is used here as an adverb “seldom,” and as such comes before the verb.
						Notice that <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hěn
							shǎo</foreignphrase>, “seldom,” and <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chángcháng</foreignphrase>, “often,” are used
						as opposites.</para>
					<para>J<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">īntiān zhèrde tiānqi hěn
							liángkuai</foreignphrase>: “Today the weather here is very cool.” Again,
						it is not necessary to translate <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>hěn</foreignphrase> as “very” in this sentence; the meaning depends on
						the speaker's intonation and emphasis.</para>
					<section>
						<title>First Dialogue for Part 1</title>
						<para>An American woman is talking with a Chinese man in <foreignphrase
								xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>.</para>
						<para/>
					</section>
					<section>
						<title>Notes on the Dialogue</title>
						<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">juéde</foreignphrase>: “to
							feel” This may mean “to feel (physically)” or “to feel (emotionally), to
							think.” It is often used, as in the Reference List sentence, to preface
							a statement of opinion. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ
								juéde ...</foreignphrase> may sometimes be translated as “l think
							that ...”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
								<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
									<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
									<tbody>
										<row>
											<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ
												juéde tā kéyi zuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
										</row>
										<row>
											<entry/>
										</row>
										<row>
											<entry>I think he can do it.</entry>
										</row>
									</tbody>
								</tgroup>
							</informaltable></para>
						<para>And here are some examples using <foreignphrase
								xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">juéde</foreignphrase> to mean “feel
							(physically )”:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
								<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
									<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
									<tbody>
										<row>
											<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ
												juéde hěn rè.</foreignphrase></entry>
										</row>
										<row>
											<entry/>
										</row>
										<row>
											<entry>I feel hot.</entry>
										</row>
										<row>
											<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ
												juéde bù shūfu.</foreignphrase></entry>
										</row>
										<row>
											<entry/>
										</row>
										<row>
											<entry>I don't feel well. (Literally, “I feel not
												well.”)</entry>
										</row>
									</tbody>
								</tgroup>
							</informaltable></para>
						<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ juéde Běijīng
								zěnmeyang?</foreignphrase>: “How do you like <foreignphrase
								xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>?” or “What do you
							think of <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
								>Běijīng</foreignphrase>?” More literally, “You feel <foreignphrase
								xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase> is how?”</para>
						<para>t<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ài lěng le</foreignphrase>:
							“it's been too cold” The marker le is the marker for new situations. It
							is often used to reinforce the idea of “excessive.” Another example is
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tài guì
								le!</foreignphrase> “it's too expensive!”</para>
					</section>
					<section>
						<title>Second Dialogue for Part 1</title>
						<para>An American woman is talking with a Chinese man in Taipei.</para>
						<para/>
					</section>
				</section>
			</section>
			<section>
				<title>Part 2</title>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List Part 2</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Reference Notes on Part 2</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guā fēng</foreignphrase>:
						“(there) blows wind” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Guā</foreignphrase> literally means “to scrape,” but when used in
						connection with <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>fēng</foreignphrase>, “wind,” it means “to blow.” Like other weather
						expressions, such as <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xià
							xuě</foreignphrase> “to snow,” the subject <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fēng</foreignphrase> usually follows the verb
						guā. To say “very windy,” you say that the wind is big, either
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fēng hěn dà</foreignphrase> or
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Guā dà
						fēng</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sānyuè</foreignphrase>: “by
						March” A time word before the verb may mean “by” a certain time as well as
						“at” a certain time.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sānyuè jiù kāishǐ nuǎnhuo
							le</foreignphrase>: “By March it is already starting to get warm.” When
						the time word before it is given extra stress, the adverb <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiù</foreignphrase> indicates that the event
						in question happens earlier than might be expected. The marker le after the
						state verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
						>nuǎnhuo</foreignphrase>, “to be warm,” tells us that it is being used here
						as a process verb “to get warm.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒude shiéhou</foreignphrase>:
						“sometimes” This is also said as <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>yǒu shíyou</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xià yǔ</foreignphrase>: “to
						rain” Literally, “(there) falls rain.” Now you have seen three weather
						expressions where the subject normally follows the verb: <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xià xuě</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guā fēng</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xià yǔ</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhēn xiǎng
							Jiāzhōu</foreignphrase>: “I really miss California” The verb
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎng</foreignphrase>,
						translated here as “to miss,” is the same verb as “to think” (“I really
						think of California [with nostalgia]”).</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiàtiān bú shi hěn
							cháoshí</foreignphrase>: “it's not very humid in the summer.” The
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shi</foreignphrase> is not
						obligatory in the sentence. It would also be correct to say <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bù hěn cháoshí</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">táifěng</foreignphrase>:
						“typhoon” The Chinese word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>táifēng</foreignphrase> was borrowed into the English language as
						“typhoon.”</para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>First Dialogue for Part 2</title>
					<para>An American woman is talking with a Chinese man in Hong Kong:</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Note on the Dialogue</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ líkāi zhème
							jiǔ</foreignphrase>: “it's been so long since you left” You have seen
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiǔ</foreignphrase>, which
						means “to be long in time,” in the phrase <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duō jiǔ</foreignphrase>, “how long (a
						time)”</para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Second Dialogue for Part 2</title>
					<para>An American woman is talking with a Chinese man in Taipei:</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
			</section>

			<section>
				<title>Part 3</title>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Reference Notes on Part 3</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chéngli</foreignphrase>: “in the
						city,” literally “inside the city wall.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiāngxià</foreignphrase>:
						“country” Also pronounced <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>xiāngxià</foreignphrase> (with neutral tone <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xià</foreignphrase>).</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fùjìn</foreignphrase>:
						“vicinity” Also pronounced <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>fǔjìn</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">huánjìng</foreignphrase>:
						“environment, surroundings,” In №24 the phrase <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǐ lǎojiā fùjìnde huānjìng</foreignphrase> is
						literally “the environment of the vicinity of your original home.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǐ lǎojiā nèige
							dìfang</foreignphrase>: “your hometown” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǎojiā</foreignphrase> by itself only means
						“original home.”To get the meaning “hometown,” you must refer to the place
							(<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèige dìfang</foreignphrase>)
						where your “original home” (<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>lǎojiā</foreignphrase>) is. Notice the different phrasing in the
						following sentences:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ lǎojiā
												nèige dìfang yǒu duōshǎo
											rénkǒu?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What's the population of your hometown?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ lǎojiā
												nàr yǒu méiyou shān?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Are there mountains where your original home
											is?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ lǎojiā
												zài xiāngxià ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Is your original home in the country?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shān</foreignphrase>,
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hū</foreignphrase>,
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hé</foreignphrase>: “mountain,
						lake, river” These three words are used with the four points of the compass
						to make several province names.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1"
							colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="3" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
												>Shāndōng</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry/>
										<entry>east of the (Tàiháng) mountains</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
												>Shānxǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry/>
										<entry>west of the (Tàiháng) mountains</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
												>Héběi</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry/>
										<entry>north of the (Yellow) river</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
												>Hénán</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry/>
										<entry>south of the (Yellow) river</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
												>Húběi</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry/>
										<entry>north of the (Dòngtíng) lake</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
												>Húnán</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry/>
										<entry>south of the (Dòngtíng) lake</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>First Dialogue for Part 3</title>
					<para>An American woman is talking with a Chinese man in <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>:</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Notes on the Dialogue</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèige xiǎo
						chéng</foreignphrase>: “that little town” You've learned that <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chéngli</foreignphrase> means “in the city.”
						One word for “city” by itself is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>chéng</foreignphrase> [another is <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chěngshì</foreignphrase>]. <informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shuōde
												shi něige Huáshèngdùn? Shi zhōu háishi chéng?
											</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Which Washington are you talking about? The state or
											the city?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Second Dialogue for Part 3</title>
					<para>An American woman is talking with a Chinese man in Taipei:</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Notes on the Dialogue</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ líkāi nàli yǐjīng yǒu wǔnián
							le</foreignphrase>: “(Since) I left there it has been five years.” The
						marker le at the end of the sentence is new-situation le, and is necessary
						here. It shows that the duration stated (five years) is as of the present
						moment (“so far”). Another point to bear in mind is that Le is used at the
						end of most sentences containing <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>yǐjīng</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhānghuà</foreignphrase>,
						“Changsha,” is the name of a city and a county on the west coast of central
						Taiwan. T'ienchung (<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Tiánzhōng</foreignphrase>) is a village in southeastern Changsha
						county.</para>
				</section>
			</section>
		</section>
		<section>
			<title>Vocabulary</title>
			<para>
				<informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
					<tgroup cols="3">
						<colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="4.0*"/>
						<tbody>

							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cháng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">常</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> often </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>chángcháng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">常常</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> often </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>cháoshǐ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">潮湿</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be humid </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chéng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">城</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> city, town </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>chèngli</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">城里</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> in the city </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chūntiān
										(chūntian)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">春天</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> spring </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dōngtiān
										(dōngtian)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">冬天</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> winter </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duǎn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">短</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be short </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fēng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">风</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> wind </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>fěngjǐng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">风景</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> scenery </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fùjìn
										(fùjìn)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">附近</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> area, neighborhood </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guā</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">刮</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to blow (of wind, typhoons, etc.) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>hǎibiān(r)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">海边（儿）</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> seashore </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hé</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">河</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> river </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hú</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">湖</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> lake </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>huánjìng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">环境</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> environment </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">juéde</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">觉得</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to feel </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kāishǐ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">开始</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to begin, to start </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kōngqì
										(kōngqi)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">空气</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> air </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kōngqì
										wūrǎn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">空气污染</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> air pollution </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lěng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">冷</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be cold </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>liángkuai</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">凉快</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be cool </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">líkāi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">离开</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to leave </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>nuǎnhuo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">暖和</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be warm </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qìhòu
										(qìhou)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">气候</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> climate </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qíng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">清</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be clear </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>qǐngjìng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">请静</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be quiet </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qiūtiān
										(qiūtian)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">秋天</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> fall, autumn </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">rè</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">热</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be hot </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">rénkǒu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">人口</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> population </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">sēnlín</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">森林</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> forest </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shān</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">山</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> mountain </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shǎo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">少</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be few; seldom </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>táifēng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">台风</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> typhoon </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tiān</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">天</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> sky, heaven </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tiānqì
										(tiānqi)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">天气</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> weather </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>tīngshuō</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">听说</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to hear that, to hear it said </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wūrǎn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">污染</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> pollution </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">想</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to miss, to think of </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiāngxià
										(xiāngxià)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">乡下</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to he in the country, the countryside </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiàtiān
										(xiàtiān)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">夏天</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> summer </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xià
										xuě</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">下雪</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to snow </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xià yǔ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">下雨</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to rain </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xīnxiān
										(xīnxian)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">新鲜</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> fresh </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu(de)
										shíhou</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">有的时候</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> sometimes </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuì</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">最</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> most, -est </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuǒyòu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">左右</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> approximately, about </entry>
							</row>

						</tbody>
					</tgroup>
				</informaltable></para>
		</section>
	</section>
	<section>
		<title>Unit 2: Clothing</title>
		<section>
			<title>Reference Notes</title>
			<section>
				<title>Part 1</title>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>References Notes on Part 1</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuān</foreignphrase>: “to put
						on, to don” (clothes, shoes) Notice that Chinese uses an action verb, “to
						put on,” where English uses a state verb, “to wear.” You have to adjust your
						thinking a bit in order to use this verb correctly. When you want to say
						“She's NOT WEARING her coat,” you actually say “She DIDN'T PUT ON her coat,”
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā měi chuān
							dàyī</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para>Here are some example sentences using <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuān</foreignphrase> “to put
							on.”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ chuānle
												yìshuāng hóng xié.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I'm wearing a pair of red shoes. (I've put on a pair
											of red shoes.)</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ méi
												chuān xié.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I'm not wearing shoes. (I didn't put on shoes.
											)</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ní chuān
												bái xié ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Do you wear white shoes? (HABIT) OR Will you wear
											white shoes? (INTENTION)</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ bù chuān
												bái xié.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I don't wear white shoes (HABIT) OR I won't wear
											white shoes. (INTENTION)</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chuān</foreignphrase> is not the
						only verb meaning to put on in Chinese. There is another verb <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dài</foreignphrase> which is used for wearing
						or putting on hats, wristwatches, ornaments, jewelry, and gloves.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dài</foreignphrase> is taught in
						Part II of this unit.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xūyào</foreignphrase>: “to need”
						This word may be used as a main verb or as an auxiliary verb. In either
						usage, it is always a state verb. It is, therefore, negated with
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>bù</foreignphrase>.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="3" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xūyào
												qián.</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry/>
										<entry>I need money.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xūyào
												shíjiān.</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry/>
										<entry>I need time.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xūyào
												ta.</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry/>
										<entry>I need her.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xūyào
												huàn qián.</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry/>
										<entry>I need to change money.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xūyào
												zhīdao.</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry/>
										<entry>He needs to know.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-jiàn</foreignphrase>: This is
						the counter for articles of clothing, as well as for things (<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dǒngxi</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shìqing</foreignphrase>), and
						suitcases.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dàyī</foreignphrase>: “overcoat”
						literally “big clothes”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiù</foreignphrase>: “to be old,
						to be worn” This is the word to use when describing things, whether concrete
						or abstract, but never people. [For people, use <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lāo</foreignphrase>: <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lǎo le</foreignphrase>. “She's gotten
							old.”]<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nà shi wǒde
												jiù dìzhǐ.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>That's my old address.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā háishi
												chuān jiù yīfu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>She's still wearing old clothes.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mǎi (yí)jiān
							xīnde</foreignphrase>: The number yí- before a counter may be omitted
						when it directly follows a verb.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yào</foreignphrase>: “to need”
						In sentence №4, you see a new usage of <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yào</foreignphrase> (<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǐ yào mǎi hòu yidiǎnrde </foreignphrase>“you
						need to buy a heavier one”). In addition to meaning “to want”,
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yào</foreignphrase> has many
						uses as an auxiliary verb. The meaning “to need” is one of the more common
						ones.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hòu</foreignphrase>: “to be
						thick” In sentence No. 4 (<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">...nǐ
							yào mǎi hòu yidiǎnrde...</foreignphrase>), <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hòu</foreignphrase> is translated as
						“heavier.” The basic meaning of <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>hòu</foreignphrase> is “to be thick.”<informaltable frame="none"
							rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèiběn shū
												hěn hòu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>This book is very thick.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yèli xiàde
												xuě hěn hòu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>The snow that fell last night is very deep.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Báo</foreignphrase> “to be thin,
						to be flimsy (of cloth, paper, etc.),” is often the opposite of
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hòu</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tuōxié</foreignphrase>:
						“slipper,” literally “drag-shoes.” In most households in Taiwan shoes are
						not worn into the house, so plenty of pairs of slippers are kept at the
						front door. This custom, established by Japanese influence, has the
						practical value of keeping the floors dry, which would otherwise be
						difficult given Taiwan's rainy climate. (in mainland China, shoes are worn
						into the house.)</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">huài</foreignphrase>: This verb
						has a different meaning depending on whether it is a state verb or a process
						verb. As a state verb, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>huài</foreignphrase> means “to be bad,” as a process verb, “to go bad,
						to break.”</para>
					<para>As a state verb:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zuótiān
												tiānqi zhēn huài, jīntiān hǎo
											le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Yesterday the weather was really bad, but today it's
											gotten better.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hē! Tāde
												Zhōngguo huà zhēn bú huài,
											a?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Well! His Chinese is really not bad, huh?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>As a process verb:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhèizhǐ
												bǐ huài le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>This pen of mine is broken.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèixiē
												júzi huài le, bú yào le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>These tangerines have gone bad; we don't want them
											(throw them out).</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>First Dialogue for Part 1</title>
					<para>The couple in this dialogue have recently moved to Taipei from Kaohsiung
							(<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Gāoxióng</foreignphrase>) in
						southern Taiwan. Here they are taking a walk in downtown Taipei.
							(<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xiǎo Huá</foreignphrase> is
						their daughter.)</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Second Dialogue for Part 1</title>
					<para>An American of Chinese descent (M) has gone back to visit relatives in
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>. Here
						he talks with his cousin (F).</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
			</section>
			<section>
				<title>Part 2</title>
				<para/>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Reference Notes on part 2</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèiyī</foreignphrase>,
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèikù</foreignphrase>:
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèi</foreignphrase> means
						“inner.” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèikù</foreignphrase>
						means “underpants” (<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>kù</foreignphrase> as in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>kùzi</foreignphrase>). <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Nèiyī</foreignphrase> means “underclothes” in general, but when
						contrasted with <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>nèikù</foreignphrase> takes on the specific meaning “undershirt.” The
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yī</foreignphrase> means
						“clothing, garment,” as in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>yīfu</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiākè</foreignphrase>: “jacket,”
						a word borrowed from English. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Jiākè</foreignphrase> refers only to Jackets cut above the waist; a
						suit Jacket would be <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>wàitào</foreignphrase> (see note below). Also pronounced <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiákè</foreignphrase>. In <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>, this word has an -r
						ending.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nílóng</foreignphrase>: “nylon,”
						another borrowing from English.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dài</foreignphrase>: “to put on,
						to don” a hat, wristwatch, gloves, glasses, jewelry or other things which
						are not necessary to one's apparel. As with the verb <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuān</foreignphrase> which you learned in
						Part I, when you use <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>dài</foreignphrase> you have to adjust your thinking from the idea of
						“to wear” to the idea of “put on.” For “Do you wear glasses?” you would say
						“Do you put on glasses?”: <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nī dài
							bu dài yǎnjìng?</foreignphrase> For “She's not wearing glasses” you
						would say “She didn't put on glasses”: <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā méi dài yǎnjìng.</foreignphrase>
							Contrast:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="3" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry morerows="2"><foreignphrase
												xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú dài
												màozi.</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry morerows="2"/>
										<entry>She doesn't wear hats.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>OR</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>She won't wear a hat. (HABIT) (INTENTION)</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable><informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="3" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry morerows="4"><foreignphrase
												xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā méi dài
												màozi.</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry morerows="4"/>
										<entry>She didn't put on a hat.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>OR</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>She didn't wear a hat.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>OR</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>She doesn't have a hat on.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>(The translations given only cover some of the possible ones. Other aspect
						markers which you have not learned yet, such as the marker for action in
						progress [<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài</foreignphrase>],
						the marker for duration [<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>-zhe</foreignphrase>], the marker for lack of change [<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ne</foreignphrase>], etc., can be used to
						make more precise the meaning of a sentence.)</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-dǐng</foreignphrase>: The
						counter for <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">màozi</foreignphrase>,
						“hat.” Literally, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>-dǐng</foreignphrase> means “top.”</para>
					<para>*<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǎnjìng</foreignphrase>:
						“glasses” (counter: <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>-fù</foreignphrase>)</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">pò</foreignphrase>: “to be
						broken/damaged/torn/worn out” In <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>pò màozi</foreignphrase>, “old/ worn/ tattered hat,” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">pò</foreignphrase> stands before a noun to
						modify it. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Pò</foreignphrase> is
						also frequently used as a process verb, “to break, to become
						damaged/torn/worn out.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ kànkan, nǐde jiākè shì bu shi
							pò le?</foreignphrase> Let me have a look, has your jacket been
						torn/worn through?</para>
					<para>In Part I you learned <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>huài</foreignphrase>, “to go bad, to break.” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huài</foreignphrase> means that something
						becomes unusable or stops working, while <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">pò</foreignphrase> means that something
						develops a tear, cut, split, hole, break, etc. <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiù</foreignphrase> in Part I had for one
						possible translation “to be worn,” but <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiù</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">pō</foreignphrase> are quite different:
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiù</foreignphrase> le means
						to have changed color or shape after a long period of time or use, whereas
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">pò</foreignphrase> le means
						that the thing is no longer intact, whether the damage is caused by time,
						use, or accident.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gòu</foreignphrase>: “to be
						enough” This adjectival verb is only used as the main verb of a sentence,
						never (like English “enough”) before a noun. You must therefore recast
						English sentences with “enough” into the Chinese pattern when you translate,
							e.g.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ kànkan,
												nǐde jiākè shì bu shi pò le?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Let me have a look, has your jacket been torn/worn
											through?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gòu</foreignphrase>: “to be
						enough” This adjectival verb is only used as the main verb of a sentence,
						never (like English “enough”) before a noun. You must therefore recast
						English sentences with “enough” into the Chinese pattern when you translate,
							e.g.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="2" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="newCol2" colnum="2" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry>Do you have enough socks?</entry>
										<entry>Are your socks enough?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry namest="c1" nameend="newCol2"><foreignphrase
												xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐde wàzi gòu bu
												gòu?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry namest="c1" nameend="newCol2"/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I don't have enough shirts</entry>
										<entry>My shirts aren't enough.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry namest="c1" nameend="newCol2"><foreignphrase
												xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒde chènshān bú
												gòu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry namest="c1" nameend="newCol2"/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>There aren't enough rice bowls.</entry>
										<entry>The rice bowls aren't enough.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry namest="c1" nameend="newCol2"><foreignphrase
												xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fànwǎn bú
												gòu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry namest="c1" nameend="newCol2"/>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàitào</foreignphrase>: This
						word has two meanings: </para>
					<orderedlist>
						<listitem>
							<para>coat, overcoat,” and</para>
						</listitem>
						<listitem>
							<para>a “jacket” which extends below the waist, like a suit jacket. (A
								jacket cut above the waist is <foreignphrase
									xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiākè</foreignphrase>.)</para>
						</listitem>
					</orderedlist>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zìjǐ</foreignphrase>: “oneself;
						myself, yourself, himself, etc.” This is a special pronoun. It can be used
						by itself, or it can follow another pronoun like <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǐ</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wǒ</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tā</foreignphrase>, etc. Here are some
						examples. (For the first, you need to know <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-zhǒng</foreignphrase>, “kind,” and for the
						last, you need to know <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>zuò</foreignphrase>, “to make.”)<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1"
							colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎi yīfu,
												zuì hǎo mǎi zìjī xǐhuande
											nèizhǒng.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>When buying clothes, it is best to buy the kind one
											likes oneself.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nà shi wǒ
												zìjīde shì.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>That's my own business.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèi shi tā
												zìjī zuòde, bú shi mǎide.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>She made this herself, it isn't
											(store-)bought.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">píxié</foreignphrase>:
						Western-style “leather shoes,” a word commonly used where we would just say
						“shoes,” since traditional Chinese shoes (<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bùxié</foreignphrase>) are made of
						cloth.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuìyī</foreignphrase>:
						“pajamas,” literally, “sleep-garment” This word can use two different
						counters, depending on the type of pajamas referred to. </para>
					<para>1) For two-piece pajamas, that is, a shirt and pants, the counter is
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-tào</foreignphrase>, “set.”
						(Although we say “a pair of pajamas” in English, you cannot use the counter
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-shuāng</foreignphrase> in
						Chinese. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-Shuāng</foreignphrase>
						is only for things that match, like shoes.) </para>
					<para>2) Old-style one-piece pajamas take the counter<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"> -jiàn</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shūbāo</foreignphrase>: “tote
						bag, carryall,” literally, “book-sack.” Although still used with the
						original meaning of a student's “book-bag,” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shūbāo</foreignphrase> has now come to have a
						more general meaning, since book-bags are often used to carry things other
						than books. There are other words for “tote bag,” but <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shūbāo</foreignphrase> is so useful that you
						should learn it first. 3</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàng</foreignphrase>: “to
						forget; to forget to; to forget that”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1"
							colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ wàng le
												ba?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>You've forgotten, haven't you?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ méi
												wàng.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>No, I haven't forgotten.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wo wàng(le)
												qù le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I forgot to go.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ wàng(le)
												dài màozi le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I forgot to put on my hat.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ wàngle
												tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I forgot what time he is coming.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ wàngle
												tā jiào shénme míngzi.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I forgot what his name is.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ wàngle
												wǒ jīntiān méi kè.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I forgot that I don't have any classes today.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">máoyí</foreignphrase>:
						“sweater,” literally, “woolen-garment.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nà</foreignphrase>, “in that
						case, then,” is always used at the very beginning of a sentence, for
							example:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nà, wǒmen
												shénme shíhou qù?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Then, when shall we go?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nà nǐ děi qù mǎi xīnde
							le</foreignphrase>: The le here is optional. It stresses that having to
						go buy a new sweater is a new situation.</para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>First Dialogue for Part 2</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tiānjīn</foreignphrase>. In the
						home of two senior cadres, a husband (M) and wife (F) discuss shopping
						plans. (They live together with the wife's older sister.)</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Notes on the Dialogue</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wǒde shūbāo ne?</foreignphrase>:
						Questions with <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ne</foreignphrase>
						frequently ask for the whereabouts of something or someone; thus the
						sentence may be translated, “Where is my tote bag?”</para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Second Dialogue for Part 2</title>
					<para>Taipei. Conversation between a husband and wife. (<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xiǎo Míng</foreignphrase> is their
						son.)</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
			</section>
			<section>
				<title>Part 3</title>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Reference Notes on Part 3</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuò</foreignphrase>: “to make,”
						but in the Reference List sentence it is used for “to have made.”
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zuò yīfu</foreignphrase> has
						two possible meanings: “to make clothes” or “to have clothes made.” The
						context will usually make clear which is meant.<informaltable frame="none"
							rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zài Táiwān
												zuò yīfu bù piányi le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Having clothes made isn't cheap in Taiwan any
											more.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para/>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shénmeyàng</foreignphrase>:
						“what kind, like what”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐde dìtǎn
												shénmeyàngr?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What is your carpet like?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Láide rén
												shénmeyàngr?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What did the person who came look like?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ yàode
												dìtān shi shénmeyàngde?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What kind of carpet is it that you want?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐde
												péngyou shi shénmeyàngde
											rén?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What kind of person is your friend?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qípáo</foreignphrase>: A
						close-fitting woman's dress with high Chinese collar and slit side, now
						called in English a “cheongsam,” from the Guangdong dialect name. Qí refers
						to the Manchurian nationality; <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>páo</foreignphrase> means a Chinese-style long gown. Thus the name
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qípáo</foreignphrase> comes
						from the fact that the ancestor of the modern cheongsam was originally worn
						by Manchurian women.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liàozi</foreignphrase>: “cloth,
						fabric, material”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shuō...</foreignphrase> :
						Literally, “You say...,” but often used as in this question to mean, “In
						your opinion” or “Do you think...”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-zhǒng</foreignphrase>: “kind,
							sort”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐde lǚxíng
												zhípiào shi nǎ yizhǒngde?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What kind are your traveler's checks?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ qù
												nèizhǒng dìfang zuò shénme?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What did you go to that kind of place to do?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèizhǒng
												júzi hěn guì.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>This kind of tangerine is very expensive.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yàngzi</foreignphrase>: <orderedlist>
							<listitem>
								<para>“appearance,” </para>
							</listitem>
							<listitem>
								<para>“shape, form,” </para>
							</listitem>
							<listitem>
								<para>“style, design.”</para>
							</listitem>
						</orderedlist><informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāde yàngzi
												hěn hāo kàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Her appearance is very attractive.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Kàn tā nèi
												yàngzi!</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Look at his appearance! (i.e., “Get a load of
											him.”)</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shuōde
												nèige dōngxi shi shénme
											yàngzide?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What does the thing you are talking about look
											like?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāde
												qípāode yàngzi hěn bú cuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>The style of her cheongsam is quite nice.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐde xīn
												yīfu shi shénme yàngzide?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What's the style of your new dress?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shēnshang</foreignphrase>: “on
						one's body, on one's person”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1"
							colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā
												shēnshang yǒu yíjiàn lán
											dàyī.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He has a blue overcoat on.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ
												shēnshang méiyou qián.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I don't have any money on me.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒde qián
												xiànzài dōu zài tā
											shēnshang.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He has all my money with him right now.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kě bu kéyi</foreignphrase>:
						another way to say <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kéyi bu
							kéyi</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhào</foreignphrase>: “according
							to”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiù zhào
												zhèige niàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Just read it the way it is here (according to
											this).</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiù zhào
												zhèige páijià huàn ba!</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Just exchange it according to this exchange
											rate.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ jiù zhào
												nǐde yìsi xiě, hǎo bu hǎo?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I'll just write it the way you want it written, all
											right?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liáng</foreignphrase>: “to
							measure”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ gěi wǒ
												liángliang zhèikuài liàozi gòu bu
												gòu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Measure this piece of cloth for me to see if there's
											enough.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chǐcùn</foreignphrase>:
						“measurements,” literally, “feet-inches.” Also pronounced <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chǐcun</foreignphrase> (with <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cun</foreignphrase> in the neutral
						tone).</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mián'ǎo</foreignphrase>:
						“Chinese-style cotton-padded Jacket”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">héshì</foreignphrase>: “to fit;
						to be suitable, to be appropriate”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1"
							colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèijiàn
												yīfu hěn héshì, bú dà yě bù
											xiǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>This garment fits well, it's neither too large nor
											too small.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ chuān
												zhèige yánsè bú tài héshì, huàn (yi)jiàn biéde
												ba.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>That color doesn't look right on you, try a different
											one.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>First Dialogue for Part 3</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijǐng</foreignphrase>. A man
						(A) goes to a tailor shop to have some clothes made. (B) is the
						tailor.</para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Second Dialogue for Part 3</title>
					<para>Taipei. A woman goes to a tailor shop to have some clothes made.</para>
				</section>
			</section>
		</section>
		<section>
			<title>Vocabulary</title>
			<para>
				<informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
					<tgroup cols="3">
						<colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="4.0*"/>
						<tbody>

							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">báo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">薄</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be thin; to be light (of clothing) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cháng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">长</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be long </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>chènshān</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">衬衫</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> shirt, blouse </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chǐcun
										(chǐcùn)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">尺寸</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> measurement; size </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuān</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">穿</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to put on, to wear </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dài</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">戴</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to put on, to wear (glasses, gloves, a hat, a watch,
									jewelry, etc.) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dàyī</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">大衣</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> overcoat </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-dǐng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"/>
								</entry>
								<entry> (counter for hats) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>fúzhuāngdiàn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">服装店</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> clothing store </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>gànbufú</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">干部服</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> cadre suit </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gòu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">够</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be enough </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hàn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">和</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> and (Taiwan pronunciation) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hé</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">和</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> and </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">héshì</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">合适</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to fit; to be suitable </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hòu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">厚</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be thick; to be heavy (of clothing) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">huài</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">坏</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be bad; to go bad, to break </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiákè(r) OR
										jiākè(r)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">夹克</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> jacket </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-jiàn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-件</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> (counter for clothing) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kùzi
										(yìtiāo)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">裤子（一条）</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> pants </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">量</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to measure </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liàozi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">料子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> material, fabric </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">máoyī</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">毛衣</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> sweater </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">màozi
										(yìdǐng)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">帽子（一顶）</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> hat </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>mián’āo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">棉袄</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> cotton-padded jacket </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nà</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> then, in that case </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèikù</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">内裤</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> underpants </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèiyī</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">内衣</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> underwear (undershirts, undershorts, briefs, slips, bras,
									etc.); just undershirt (when used in contrast to nèikù,
									underpants) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nílóng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">尼龙</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> nylon </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">píxié</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">皮鞋</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> leather shoes </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">pò</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">破</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be worn out; to break, to tear </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qípáo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">旗袍</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> close-fitting woman’s dress with high neck and slit skirt;
									cheongsam </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qù</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">去</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to go </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qúnzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">裙子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> skirt </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shénmeyàng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">什么样</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> like what, what kind </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shēnshang</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">身上</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> on one’s body </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>-shuāng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-双</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> pair </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shūbāo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">书包</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> book bag, tote bag, carryall </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuìyī
										(yítào)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">睡衣（一套）</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> pajamas; nightgown </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-tào</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-套</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> (counter for suits, sets of things) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-tiáo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-条</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> (counter for long, winding things; counter for pants,
									translated “pair”) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tuōxié</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">拖鞋</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> slippers </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>wàitào(r)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">外套</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> coat, jacket (that extends below the waist) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">忘</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to forget </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">袜子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> socks </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xié</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">鞋</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> shoe </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>xīzhuāng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">西装</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> Western-style clothes; Western-style suit </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xūyào</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">需要</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to need, to require </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yàngzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">样子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> appearance; shape, form; style, design; pattern </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yào</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">要</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> should; must; it is necessary, to need to </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yīfu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">衣服</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> clothes </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yòng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">用</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to use </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǔxié</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">雨鞋</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> rainshoes; rubbers, galoshes </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǔyī</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">雨衣</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> raincoat </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhào</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">照</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> according to </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-zhǒng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">一种车</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> kind, sort </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zìjǐ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">自己</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> self, oneself (myself, yourself, etc.) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuò</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">做</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to make; to have made </entry>
							</row>

						</tbody>
					</tgroup>
				</informaltable></para>
		</section>
	</section>
	<section>
		<title>Unit 3: Hair Care</title>
		<section>
			<title>Reference Notes</title>
			<section>
				<title>Part 1</title>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Reference Notes on Part 1</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu shì</foreignphrase>: “to be
						occupied, to have something to do,” literally, “to have
							business.”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ xiànzài
												yǒu shì ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Are you busy now?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méi
												shì.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>No, I'm not busy.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiǎn</foreignphrase>: “to cut
						(with a scissors), to clip, to trim” Chinese has several different words for
						English “to cut” depending on the method of cutting. <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiǎn</foreignphrase> only refers to cutting
						with a scissors or clipper.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bú yào</foreignphrase>: “don't”
						In Transportation Module, Un t 3, you learned <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bié</foreignphrase> for “don't” in negative
						commands. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú yào</foreignphrase>
						means the same thing.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liǎngbiān</foreignphrase>: “two
						sides, both sides” In English it is enough to say just “the sides” and to
						add “two” or “both” seems superfluous, but <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liǎng</foreignphrase> is necessary in
						Chinese. Perhaps this is because Chinese has no way of indicating plural, as
						does the s in English, “the sides.”</para>
					<para>Gòu duǎn le: “it's short enough now” There are two things to notice in
						this short sentence: (1) In English we say “short enough,” but in Chinese
						you say literally “enough short”; in other words, gòu is used as an adverb
						to modify the adjectival verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>duǎn</foreignphrase>. (2) le here indicates a new state of affairs:
						before, the hair wasn't short enough, but now it is. Thus le can be rendered
						into English by the word “now.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐ tóu</foreignphrase>: “to wash
						the hair” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tóu</foreignphrase> is
						literally “head,” but in many cases actually refers to the hair. In most
						Chinese barbershops a shampoo after the haircut is standard procedure, and
						you would not have to specify that you want one. (<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xǐ tóu</foreignphrase> is translated as “to
						shampoo.” Liquid shampoo is called <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>xǐfàjīng</foreignphrase>, “wash-hair-essence.”)</para>
					<para>Notice that <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ yào xǐ
							tóu</foreignphrase> has been translated idiomatically as “I want a
						shampoo,” although literally <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐ
							tóu</foreignphrase> is a verb-object “to wash the head.” Many Chinese
						phrases made up of a verb plus object are ambiguous as to who performs the
						action. You might have been tempted to translate <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ yào xǐ tóu</foreignphrase> as “I want to
						wash the hair,” but in this context the sentence actually means “I want to
						have (my) hair washed,” that is, by someone else (the barber). The context
						should tell you which meaning is intended. Another example:<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ qù xǐ
												yīfu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I am going to wash clothes.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>OR</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ qù xǐ
												yīfu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I am going to have clothes washed.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>Usually you won't have any trouble deciding which the speaker means; the
						situation or other things the speaker says will make it clear.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yóu</foreignphrase>: Literally,
						“oil,” this word may be used in a looser sense to refer to all sorts of
						liquid preparations applied to the hair by hand (e.g., Vitalis). The
						specific word for “hair oil” is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>fàyóu</foreignphrase> or <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>tóuyóu</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hái yǒu
						tóufa...</foreignphrase>: This is the sentence to say when the barber leaves
						bits of hair on your neck. The average person would gesture to his neck and
						say this sentence.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shūfu</foreignphrase>: “to be
						comfortable; to feel good”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèige yǐzi
												zhēn shūfu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>This chair is really comfortable.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèige xiǎo
												fēng hǎo shūfu a!</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>This breeze (“little wind”) feels so good.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù shūfu</foreignphrase> can
						either mean “to be uncomfortable” or “not to be well, that is, to feel
							ill.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="2" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="newCol2" colnum="2" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry>A:</entry>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"> Wáng
												Xiáojie wèishénme jīntiān méi
											lái?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
										<entry>Why didn't Miss <foreignphrase
												xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng</foreignphrase> come
											today?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>B:</entry>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jintiān
												bù shūfu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
										<entry>She doesn't feel well today.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nòng</foreignphrase>: An
						extremely versatile verb because it has such a general meaning: “to
						do/manage/handle/make.” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Nòng</foreignphrase> often substitutes for a more specific verb. Also
						pronounced <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lòng</foreignphrase> or
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>nèng</foreignphrase>.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ qù nòng
												fàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I'll go get the meal ready.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ qù nòng
												nèige.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I'll go take care of that.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zìjǐ
												nòng ba.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Let me do it myself.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bié nòng
												nèixie shìqing.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Don't mess around with that sort of thing.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā nòngle
												hěn duō qián.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He came up with a lot of money.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>But in the Reference List sentence, <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nòng</foreignphrase> is used in an even more
						common way, meaning “to make (someone/something a certain way)” or “to get
						(someone/ something into a certain condition).” Other examples:</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nònggānjing</foreignphrase>: “to
						make/get something clean”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nònghuài</foreignphrase>: “to
						break, to put out of order, to ruin”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nòngpò</foreignphrase>: “to
						tear, to break”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guā húzi</foreignphrase>: “to
						shave”, literally, “to scrape the beard.” The verb object phrase
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guā húzi</foreignphrase>, like
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐ tóu</foreignphrase> in
						Reference List Sentence No. 5, may be translated in either of two ways
						depending on the context: either “to shave (someone)” or “to have someone
						shave oneself.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gěi wǒ guā húzi</foreignphrase>:
						“shave me” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Gěi</foreignphrase> is
						the prepositional verb meaning “for.” When you have a verb-object phrase
						like <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guā húzi</foreignphrase> you
						indicate the person upon whom the action is performed by using a
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gěi</foreignphrase>
							phrase.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐng ni gěi
												wǒ xǐ tóu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Please wash my hair for me (i.e., give me a
											shampoo).</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuí bèi</foreignphrase>: “to
						pound (someone's) back” as in massage. Barbers in China often provide this
						service after the haircut. Here once again, <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuí bèi</foreignphrase> is a verb-object
						phrase with the same ambiguity as <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>xǐ tóu</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>guā húzi</foreignphrase>: it may mean “to pound someone's back” or “to
						have one's back pounded.” Again, the context determines the interpretation.
						When the barber asks you <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ yào
							chuí bèi ma?</foreignphrase>, you can safely assume that he is offering
						to pound your back rather than asking you to pound his.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ànmó</foreignphrase>: This is
						the noun “massage.” In recent years, an increasing number of barbershops in
						Taiwan, Hong Kong, and a few in the TRC have added massage to their list of
						services. Chinese medical clinics and hospitals also give therapeutic
						massage.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cā píxíe</foreignphrase>: “to
						shine shoes/to have one's shoes shined” (<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Cā</foreignphrase> is literally, “to wipe, to
						rub.”) Once again, there is potential ambiguity as to who is the performer
						of the action. Also note that Chinese must use the verb-object; there is no
						noun corresponding to English “a shoeshine.” The translation of the
						Reference List sentence using “a shoeshine” is idiomatic. Literally the
						sentence means, “is there someone who shines shoes here?” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Cā píxiéde</foreignphrase> is a noun phrase
						meaning “someone who shines shoes, a shoe shiner.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liú húzi</foreignphrase>: “to
						grow a beard,” literally <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>liú</foreignphrase>, “to leave, to let be,” and <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">húzi</foreignphrase> “beard,
						mustache.”</para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>First Dialogue on Part 1</title>
					<para>Taipei. A Chinese man (A) walks into a barbershop and sits down in a
						barber's chair. The barber is B and the shoeshine boy is C.</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Note on the Dialogue</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liǎngbiān me...:</foreignphrase>
						me indicates hesitation, indecision or consideration. It is translated here
						by the words “as for.”</para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Second Dialogue for Part 1</title>
					<para>A barbershop in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Běijīng</foreignphrase>. An American goes into a medium-sized
						barbershop. After sitting for a while in the waiting area, his number is
						called, he pays his fee to the cashier, and then sits down in a barber's
						chair. Since the American has been here three times before, the barber and
						he are already acquainted.</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Notes on the Dialogue</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi shíjiān na</foreignphrase>:
						Na is a contraction of <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>ne</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>a</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bú cuò</foreignphrase>: “not
						bad, pretty good” (MTG 2)</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dào nèibianr
						zuò</foreignphrase>: The <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>qù</foreignphrase> is omitted from this phrase.</para>
				</section>
			</section>
			<section>
				<title>Part 2</title>
				<para/>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Reference Notes on Part 2</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuò tóufa</foreignphrase>: “to
						do hair” or “to have one's hair done” (See the Reference Notes for part I on
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐ tóu</foreignphrase>,
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guā húzi</foreignphrase>,
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuí bèi</foreignphrase>,
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cā
						píxié</foreignphrase>.)</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yùyuē</foreignphrase>: “to make
						an appointment” literally “beforehand make-an-appointment.” This is
						relatively new PRC usage; this word used to have only the meanings “a
						preliminary agreement” or “to pre-order a book which has not be published.”
						In Taiwan (or the PRC for that matter), you may use instead the phrase
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiān yuē yige
							shíjiān</foreignphrase>, “to arrange a time forehand.” Appointments are
						not generally required or accepted in barbershops and beauty parlors in the
						PRC or Taiwan.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wèntí</foreignphrase>: “problem
						or “question.”<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"> méi (yǒu)
							wèntí</foreignphrase> is just like the English “no problem.” In addition
						to its literal meaning of “There is no problem,” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi wèntí</foreignphrase> can also “be used
						to assure someone that you are extending a favor gladly.<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Kě bu kéyi
												qǐng ni gěi wo wèn zhèijiàn
											shì?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Could you please ask about this matter for
											me?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méi
												wèntí.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>No problem.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fēn</foreignphrase>: A Chinese
						unit of length equal to 1/3 of a centimeter, or slightly more than 1/8 of an
						inch. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fēn</foreignphrase>
						originally meant “one tenth.” You have also seen it meaning “one cent” (1/10
						of a dime, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">máo</foreignphrase>).
						As a unit of length, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>fēn</foreignphrase> is one tenth of a Chinese inch (<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cùn</foreignphrase>). We have drawn a ruler
						marking off <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cùn</foreignphrase>
						(“inches”) and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fēn</foreignphrase>
						so that you can contrast it with our American (British) inch.<inlinemediaobject>
							<imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="../images/mesures.png" width="14cm"/>
							</imageobject>
						</inlinemediaobject></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu diǎn</foreignphrase>: Used
						before a state verb, you (yì)diǎn means “a little, slightly,” as
							in:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu yìdiǎn
												rè</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>a little hot</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu yìdiǎn
												nán</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>a little difficult</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>The use of <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu
							yìdiǎn</foreignphrase> deserves your special attention, since English
						speakers learning Chinese tend to make the mistake of saying <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yìdiǎn nán</foreignphrase> (which is
						incorrect) for “a little difficult” instead of the correct
							form<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"> yǒu yìdiǎn
							nán</foreignphrase>. Remember to put in that <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu</foreignphrase>!</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shìyishi</foreignphrase>: “to
						try, to give it a try” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Shì</foreignphrase> is “to try” in the sense of “to experiment.” It
						does not mean “try” in the sense of “to make an effort” to do
						something.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yídìng</foreignphrase>:
						“certainly, surely, for sure, definitive(ly)” Literally, sentence 18 means
						“I think it will surely be good-looking,” which can be translated more
						smoothly as “I'm sure it will look good.” The phrase “I'm sure ...” will
						often translate into Chinese as <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ
							xiǎng ... yídìng ...</foreignphrase> , for example:<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng nǐ
												yídìng xǐhuan.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I'm sure you'll like it.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng tā
												yídìng lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I'm sure he'll come.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tàng tóufa</foreignphrase>: “to
						get a permanent” The use of the verb <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tàng</foreignphrase> for “to get a permanent”
						has an interesting background and shows how Chinese adapts words already in
						the language rather than borrow from other languages. <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tàng</foreignphrase> originally meant (and
						still does) “to scald” or “to apply heat to” something. For example,
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tàng yīfu
						</foreignphrase>means “to iron clothes.” The earliest methods for giving a
						permanent wave used heated curlers; in fact, today in <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase> (as in other parts of
						the world) electrically heated curlers are still used in one type of
						permanent called <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">diàn
							tàng</foreignphrase>, “electric permanent.” After the introduction of
						chemical permanents, the verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>tàng</foreignphrase> continued to be used, even though no heat is
						applied in the new process. Chemical permanents are called <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lěng tàng</foreignphrase>, “cold
						permanent.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">juǎn</foreignphrase>: “to curl,
						to roll up” You will find this verb used in many contexts, not Just in the
						area of hair styling. It is the all-purpose word for rolling or curling
						ribbons, paper, pastry, and building materials. [Curly hair is
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">juǎnfà</foreignphrase>,
						straight hair is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>zhífà</foreignphrase>.]</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuǐgān</foreignphrase>: “to
						blow-dry” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chuǐ</foreignphrase> is
						“to blow, to puff” and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>gān</foreignphrase> is the adjectival verb “to be dry.” These two verbs
						used together to form a compound which indicates both the action and the
						result: “to blow until dry” or “to blow with the result that (something)
						becomes dry.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chuīgān</foreignphrase> and the
						English word “blow-dry,” look as if they are exactly parallel, but they are
						not. In English you can leave off the word “blow” and just say “to dry
						someone's hair,” whereas in Chinese you cannot use <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gān</foreignphrase> to mean the action of
						drying something, only the state of being dry. You always need to use
						another verb with <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>gān</foreignphrase> in order to tell the action which caused the
						drying. For example, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>cāgān</foreignphrase> means “to wipe (something) dry.”</para>
				</section>
			</section>
			<section>
				<title>First Dialogue for Part 2</title>
				<para>A Canadian woman (C) walks into the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
						>Běijīng</foreignphrase> Hotel hairdresser's. First she talks with the
					cashier in front (A). Later the hairdresser (B) calls her.</para>
				<para/>
			</section>
			<section>
				<title>Note on the Dialogue</title>
				<para>Tipping is not permitted in the PRC. This is why the barber insists on giving
					the woman her change.</para>
			</section>
			<section>
				<title>Second Dialogue for Part 2</title>
				<para>Taipei. A woman student about to have her hair done is talking with the
					hairdresser.</para>
			</section>
			<section>
				<title>Notes on the Dialogue</title>
				<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hěn hǎo kànde</foreignphrase>: The
					-de here means “hat's how it is.” This usage is typical of southern
					dialects.</para>
				<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yìdiǎndiǎn</foreignphrase>: “a very
					little bit”, less than <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
						>yìdiǎn</foreignphrase>.</para>
			</section>
		</section>
		<section>
			<title>Vocabulary</title>
			<para>
				<informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
					<tgroup cols="3">
						<colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="4.0*"/>
						<tbody>

							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ànmó</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">按摩</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> massage </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bú yào</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不要</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> don’t </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cā</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">擦</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to rub, to wipe </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuí
										bèi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">捶背</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to pound (someone’s) back </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>chuīgān</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">吹干</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to blow-dry (with a dryer) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fēn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">分</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> one tenth of a Chinese inch (cùn) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>gānjing</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">干净</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be clean </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guā</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">刮</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to scrape </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guā
										húzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">刮胡子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to shave (the beard) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">húzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胡子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> beard OR mustache </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiǎn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">减</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to cut (with scissors) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">juǎn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">卷</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to curl, to roll up </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>liǎngbiān</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">两边</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> both sides, two sides </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liú</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">留</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to remain, to stay; to keep, to save; to grow, to let grow;
									to leave </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liú
										húzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">留胡子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to grow a beard or mustache </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi
										wèntí</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">没问题</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> no problem </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nòng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">弄</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to do, to handle, to manage, to make </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nòng
										gānjing</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">弄干净</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to clean up </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shì</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">试</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to try </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shì(yi)shi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">试一试</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to give it a try </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shūfu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">舒服</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be comfortable </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shū
										tóu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">梳头</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to brush or comb hair </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tàng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">烫</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to get a permanent </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tóufa</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">头发</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> hair (on the head) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wèntí</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">问题</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> question, problem </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to wash </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐ tóu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗头</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to shampoo, to get a shampoo </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yídìng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">一定</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> certainly, surely, for sure </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yóu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">油</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> oil, grease </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu
										shì</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">有事</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be occupied, to be busy, to have things to do </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu
										(yì)diǎn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">有（一）点</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> a little bit, somewhat </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yùyuē</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">预约</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to make an appointment (PRC) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuò
										tòufa</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">做头发</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to do one’s hair, to have one’s hair done </entry>
							</row>

						</tbody>
					</tgroup>
				</informaltable></para>
		</section>
	</section>
	<section>
		<title>Unit 4: In the Home</title>
		<section>
			<title>Reference Notes</title>
			<section>
				<title>Part 1</title>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Reference Notes on Part 1</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǎnjìng</foreignphrase>:
						“eyeglasses” Don't mix this up with <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǎnjìng</foreignphrase>, “eye.” In
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase> speech
						these words are pronounced <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>yǎnjìngr</foreignphrase> (“eyeglasses”) and <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǎnjing</foreignphrase> (“eye”), keeping them
						even more distinct from each other.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhīpiàoběn</foreignphrase>:
						“checkbook” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Zhípiào</foreignphrase> is a “check,” literally “pay-ticket.”
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běn(r)</foreignphrase> is a
						booklet.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dài</foreignphrase>: “to bring”
						This word sounds exactly like another you learned in Unit 2, <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dài</foreignphrase>, “to wear, to put on
						(glasses, gloves, a hat, a wristwatch, jewelry, etc.).” They are different
						words, however, written With different characters ( 带 for “to bring” and 戴
						for “to wear”). The translation of the first Reference List sentence is
						idiomatic; we would say “I have ... with me” or “I have ... on me” when
						Chinese says literally, “I have brought... .”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎoběnzi</foreignphrase>:
						“notebook,” literally “small book.” In Reference List sentence No. 2,
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎoběnzi</foreignphrase> is
						translated specifically as “address book.” Actually the word is more neutral
						in meaning (“notebook, booklet”), but picks up the specific translation from
						the context.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiāngzi</foreignphrase>: “box,
						trunk, case” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Xiāngzi</foreignphrase> corresponds to the English “suitcase,” while
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xíngli</foreignphrase> is the
						equivalent of “luggage.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shēnbàodān</foreignphrase>:
						“declaration form” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Shēnbào</foreignphrase> is the verb “to report to a higher body, to
						declare something at customs.” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Dān</foreignphrase> is the noun meaning “bill, list, note.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiě zai
							shēnbàodānshang</foreignphrase>: “write it on the declaration form.”
						Notice that the place phrase (<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài
							... shang</foreignphrase>) is placed alter the verb here, rather than in
						its usual place before the verb. When the location tells where the result of
						the activity is supposed to end up, that location phrase may appear after
						the verb (a position where other “results” also show up). Compare these two
						sentences: <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zài
												zhuōzishang xiě zì.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Write (with paper) on the desk.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú yào xiě
												zai zhuōzishang!</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Don't write on the desk! (Said to a child making
											marks on the table.)</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fùnǚ</foreignphrase>: “women,
						womankind” This the term for “women” in the general sense. The term
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǚrén</foreignphrase> is less
						polite and more biological: “female.” (in Taiwan, <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fùnǚ</foreignphrase> refers only to married
						women. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǚde</foreignphrase> may be
						used for “women, woman. ”)</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhīdao hěn duō Zhōngguo fùnǚ
							bú dài shǒushi, suóyi wǒ yě méi dài shǒushi lái</foreignphrase>: The
						first verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dài</foreignphrase>
						means “to wear,” and the second verb <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dài</foreignphrase> is “to bring with
						one.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bǎ xiāngzi dǎkai gěi wo
							kànkan</foreignphrase>: “open the suitcase for me to take a look” or
						“open the suitcase and let me take a look.” You have learned <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gěi</foreignphrase> as a main verb “to give”
						and as a prepositional verb meaning “for” (<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐng ni gěi wo huànhuan</foreignphrase>,
						“Please change it for me”). In Reference List sentence No. 9 you see
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gěi</foreignphrase> used in a
						longer type of sentence. Compare the following examples:<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bǎ xiāngzi
												dǎkai gěi wǒ kànkan</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>open the suitcase for me to take a look</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">niàn gěi
												wǒmen tīngting</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>read it aloud for us to listen</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mǎi nèidǐng
												màozi gěi tā dài</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mǎi nèidǐng
												màozi gěi tā dài</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>buy that hat to give it to me</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuò nèige
												diǎnxīn gěi háizi chī</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>make that pastry for the child to eat</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>When <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gěi</foreignphrase> comes
						after the verb, it can mean either “to give” or “for, let.” For example,
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bǎ nèiběn shǔ náchulai gěi wo
							kànkan</foreignphrase> could mean either “Take out the book and
						(actually) give it to me to look at,” OR “Take out the book for me to see
						(show it to me, not necessarily hand it to me).” The context will help you
						decide which is meant; often, only one will make sense.</para>
					<para>CAUTION: Although <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>gěi</foreignphrase> is sometimes idiomatically translated as “to let,”
						you should not take this to mean that English “to let” may always be
						translated into Chinese with <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>gěi</foreignphrase>. There is a very limited correspondence between
						“let” and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gěi</foreignphrase>.
						Usually you will translate “to let” as <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ràng</foreignphrase>, which is introduced in
						Unit 6, Part III, of this module.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méi shì le</foreignphrase>:
						“Everything is all right now” OR “There's no further business.” Here, this
						means “Now that I've looked over your suitcase I find that there isn't
						anything further we need to take up.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yùbeihǎo le</foreignphrase>:
						“prepared” You have already learned the word <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhǔnbèi</foreignphrase>, “to prepare, to get
						ready” or “to plan to.” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Yùbei</foreignphrase> is a close synonym. <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yùbeihǎo</foreignphrase> or <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhùnbèihǎo</foreignphrase> both mean “to get
						all ready.” The ending <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>-hǎo</foreignphrase> on certain verbs indicates bringing something to a
						satisfactory conclusion.</para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>First Dialogue for Part 1</title>
					<para>An American woman is going through customs in <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Guǎngzhōu</foreignphrase> (Canton).</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Second Dialogue for part 1</title>
					<para>A Chinese couple in Taipei are talking just before the husband is to leave
						on a trip.</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Note on the Dialogue</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhào xiàng</foreignphrase>: “to
						take photographs” (WLF 6)</para>
				</section>
			</section>
			<section>
				<title>Part 2</title>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Reference Notes for Part 2</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gōngyù</foreignphrase>:
						“apartment building,” literally “public residence” In the PRC, the word
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gōngyù</foreignphrase> is
						seldom used (only in the names of some buildings, and in technical
						contexts), but in Taiwan it is widely used. “Apartment building” may be
						translated as either <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>gōngyù</foreignphrase> or <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>gōngyùlōu</foreignphrase>. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Gōngyù</foreignphrase> is sometimes used for an
							“apartment.”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmende
												gōngyù yǒu jǐjiān fángjiān?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>How many rooms does your apartment have?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>But you would use <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>dānyuán</foreignphrase>, “unit,” not <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gōngyù</foreignphrase>, for “apartment”
						in:</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèige gōngyùlóu yǒu duōshao
							dānyuán?</foreignphrase> How many apartments are there in this apartment
						building?</para>
					<para>Although an apartment-dweller will usually refer in English to his
						“apartment,” in everyday conversation, Chinese usually just speak of their
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fángzi</foreignphrase>. In
						other words, any type of residence—house or apartment—can be called a
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fángzi</foreignphrase>. Use
						the word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gōngyù</foreignphrase>
						when you need to distinguish clearly between “apartment” and “house.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-jiǎn</foreignphrase>: This is
						the counter for rooms. Don't confuse it with the falling tone
							-<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiàn</foreignphrase>, the
						counter for articles of clothing, which you learned in WLF 2.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dài</foreignphrase>: This is the
						verb you learned meaning “to bring (along), to take (along).” Here it is
						used with the extended meaning of “to take” or “lead” someone to a
							place.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ dài ni
												qù.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I'll take you there.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xiàwu qǐng
												ni dài háizi dào gōngyuán qu
											wánr.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>In the afternoon, please take the children to the
											park to play.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zūchuqu</foreignphrase>: “to
						rent out” The verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>zū</foreignphrase> by itself means “to rent” in the opposite direction,
						that is, to rent something from the owner. Contrast:<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ bǎ
												fángzi zūchuqu le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I rented out the house.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zūle
												yige fángzi.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I rented a house (to live in).</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kètīng</foreignphrase>: “living
						room,” literally, “guest-hall.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dào kètīng zuò
							yíxià</foreignphrase>: “go to the living room and sit a while” This is
						roughly the equivalent of <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dào
							kètīng qù zuò yíxià</foreignphrase>. The verb <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qù</foreignphrase> is sometimes omitted after
						a <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dào</foreignphrase> phrase when
						the meaning of “go” does not need to be emphasized.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hē chá</foreignphrase>: “to
						drink tea” This is not an involved ritual as the Japanese have, but it is
						not simply the taking of a beverage, either. <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hē chá</foreignphrase>, in a social setting
						means talking and relaxing while sipping tea. Books have been written on tea
						in China, its social significance, and the art of serving it. We cannot do
						justice to the topic in this small note. Let us just leave you with two
						tips:</para>
					<orderedlist>
						<listitem>
							<para>Except with close friends, don't turn down a cup of tea when
								offered. It is as much a gesture of friendship and a means of
								communication as it is a beverage.</para>
						</listitem>
						<listitem>
							<para>Don't ask for sugar, lemon or milk. Unless you are in a restaurant
								ordering it, lemon and milk will most likely be unavailable. It is a
								double embarrassment to your host, who may not keep lemon and milk
								on hand, and who hates to see someone defile the good taste of pure
								tea.</para>
						</listitem>
					</orderedlist>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hǎoxiàng</foreignphrase>: “to
						seem, it seems as if” Use this word as an adverb, placing it before the verb
							phrase.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hǎoxiàng
												bù dong.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He seemed not to understand. OR He didn't seem to
											understand.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ hǎoxiàng
												bú tài xǐhuan zhèige fāngzi.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>You don't seem to like this house too much.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ hǎoxiàng
												zài xiǎng shénme shì.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>You seem to be thinking about something.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā gēge
												hǎoxiàng chángcháng shēng
											bìng.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>His older brother seems to get sick very
											often.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hǎoxiàng</foreignphrase> is
						sometimes used merely to express that the speaker thinks a situation is so,
						but cannot confirm his suspicion. In such sentences, <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hǎoxiàng</foreignphrase> is best translated
						as “it seems to me that ...”or “I think ...” or “I seem to remember ... .”
						Notice that the word order in Chinese stays the same.<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ hǎoxiàng
												zài nǎr kànjianguo zhèige
											zì.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>It seems to me I've seen this character somewhere
											before.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ hǎoxiàng
												gàosuguo wo zhèijiàn
											shìqing.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I seem to remember your telling me about this
											before.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zài nèige
												shíhou, tā hǎoxiàng hái zhù zài
												Jiāzhōu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>At that time, he was still living in California, I
											think.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Měiguo
												hǎoxiàng méiyou zhèige duì bu
											dui?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>It seems to me you don't have this in America, do
											you?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎo wèishēng</foreignphrase>:
						“to. clean,” literally “to do sanitation” This is an expression used in the
						PRC. The verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎo</foreignphrase>,
						“to do,” originally a word found in southern dialects of Mandarin Chinese,
						is now widely used in Standard Chinese, even in <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>. In Taiwan,
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎo</foreignphrase> does not
						have as wide a usage as in the PRC, where many new expressions have been
						created since 1949 using this verb.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">máfan</foreignphrase>: “to be
						troublesome, to be a nuisance, to be inconvenient” In the Money module, you
						learned the verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>máfan</foreignphrase> for “to bother, to inconvenience (someone),” as
						in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Máfan nǐ le</foreignphrase>,
						“Sorry to trouble you.” Here you learn <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">máfan</foreignphrase> as an adjectival
							verb.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nà tài
												máfan le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>That's too much trouble.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhēn
												máfan.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What a bother.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">píngcháng</foreignphrase>:
						“usually, generally, ordinarily” Like other two-syllable time words,
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">píngcháng</foreignphrase> may
						come before or after the subject, but always before the verb.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Píngcháng wǒmen dōu zài kètīng
							kàn diànshì.</foreignphrase> We usually watch television in the living
							room.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen
												píngcháng dōu zài kètíng kàn
												diànshì.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>We usually watch television in the living
											room.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ
												píngcháng jiǔdiǎn zhōng cái xià
											ban.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I don't usually get off work until nine
											o'clock.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shōushi</foreignphrase>: “to
						straighten up, to tidy up (a place)” or “to put away, to put in order, to
						clear away (things).” Use <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>shōushi</foreignphrase> when you're talking about neatening up a place,
						use <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎo wèishēng</foreignphrase>
						when you're talking about soap and water cleaning in the PRC [and
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎo qingjié
						</foreignphrase>“to (soap and water) clean” in Taiwan].<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hǎoxiàng
												yǒu bànnián méi shōushi wūzi
											le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>It looks as if he hasn't picked up his place in half
											a year.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ kuài
												yìdiǎnr shōushi xíngli, wǒmen yào zǒu
												le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Pack your things quickly, we want to leave.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wūzi</foreignphrase> and
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fángjiān</foreignphrase>: Both
						of these words means “room, chamber.” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wūzi</foreignphrase> is seldom used in
						Taiwan, however. For rooms in public places, like hotels, use <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fángjiān</foreignphrase> rather than
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wūzi</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fàntīng</foreignphrase>: “dining
						room,” literally “meal-hall.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chī fàn</foreignphrase>: “to
						eat,” literally “eat food.” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Fàn</foreignphrase> is literally, “cooked rice,” but in the expression
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chī fàn</foreignphrase> it
						refers to food in general or a meal. This is another example of a verb plus
						general object, like <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">niàn
							shū</foreignphrase>, “to study” or <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuō huà</foreignphrase> “to speak.” (See
						BIO, Unit 7.) This verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>chī</foreignphrase> may, of course, be followed by a specific object
						such as <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">píngguǒ</foreignphrase>,
						“apples,” as in:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ chīle
												yíge píngguǒ.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I ate an apple.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>But if you mean “eat” in the sense of “to eat food” or “to have a meal,”
						then you should use the general object <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fàn</foreignphrase>:<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ chī fàn
												le méiyou?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Have you eaten? (Have you eaten a meal?)</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zuì ài
												chī fàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He loves to eat most of all.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuò fàn</foreignphrase>: “to
						cook,” literally “to make food.” This is another verb general object
						combination. As with <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chī
							fàn</foreignphrase>, the verb alone may be used with more specific
						objects.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chúfáng</foreignphrase>:
						“kitchen,” literally “kitchen-room.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐzǎofáng</foreignphrase>:
						“bathroom” This is a room for taking a bath, and not necessarily a room with
						a toilet. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xǐzǎo</foreignphrase>,
						which is introduced in Part III of this unit, means “to take a bath.”
						Remember, if you want to ask where there is a toilet, ask for the
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cèsuǒ</foreignphrase>,
						“toilet;” or use the polite Westernized term, <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐshǒujiān</foreignphrase>, “washroom.” In
						rural areas, you would ask where the <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cèsuǒ</foreignphrase> is.</para>
					<para>In Taiwan, modern houses and apartments usually have the toilet in the
						same room as the bathtub. In the PRC, apartment buildings built during the
						1950's may have a room with a bathtub in the apartment. Apartment buildings
						built since then usually only include a toilet and sink in each apartment,
						and no bathtub.</para>
					<para>You should usually lower your voice to ask where the bathroom is. Many
						people even consider it polite to put one's hand in front of the mouth when
						asking <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Cèsuǒ zài
							náli?</foreignphrase> Another polite way to ask is <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ keyi yòng yixià nǐmende cèsuǒ ma?
						</foreignphrase>“May I use your toilet?”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shūfáng</foreignphrase>:
						“study,” literally “book-room.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wòfáng</foreignphrase>:
						“bedroom,” literally “sleeping-room.” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wòfáng</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wòshì</foreignphrase> are both used for
						“bedroom.”</para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>First Dialogue for Part 2</title>
					<para>A Chinese woman (Fl) has been invited to dinner at the home of an American
						couple in Taipei.</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Note after the Dialogue</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiānshēng yǒu shì dào
							Táizhōng qu le:</foreignphrase> “My husband has gone to T'aichung on
						business.” More literally, “My husband had some business and went to
						T'aichung.”</para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Second Dialogue for Part 2</title>
					<para>An American man (M) is talking with a Chinese women (F) in Běijīng.</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Note on the Dialogue</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hái kéyi</foreignphrase>:
						Literally “still okay,” this phrase actually means “isn't too bad.”</para>
				</section>
			</section>
			<section>
				<title>Part 3</title>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Reference Notes for Part 3</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐng</foreignphrase>: “to wake
						up” This is a process verb. It describes the change from sleep or
						unconsciousness to waking or consciousness: “to become awake, to become
						conscious, to become sober.” In completed affirmative sentences, you will
						see the marker le; in negative sentences you will see <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi</foreignphrase> (not <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bù</foreignphrase> — this is not a state
						verb. Some of the quirks you faced with a verb like <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bìng</foreignphrase> “to get sick,” not “to
						be sick”), you also face here. When you are thinking in English of “He IS
						NOT awake,” you should think “He HAS NOT awakened” in Chinese.<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xǐngle
												méiyou?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Did he wake up? OR Is he awake yet?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
												xǐng.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He is not awake yet.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiào</foreignphrase>: “to ask,
						to order, to tell (someone to do something)” This is a prepositional verb,
						which means that it and its object precede the verb.<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fùqin jiào
												hàizimen huílai.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>The father told the children to come back.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jiào ta
												guòlai.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Ask him to come over.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuì jiào</foreignphrase>: “to
						sleep, to go to bed”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bādiǎn
												zhōng jiù shuì jiào le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He went to bed at eight o'clock (already).</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jǐdiǎn
												zhōng shuì jiào?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What time do you go to bed?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā měitiān
												shuì bāge zhōngtóu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He sleeps eight hours a night.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shuìde
												hǎo bu hǎo?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Did you sleep well?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ
												shuìhǎole ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Did you sleep well? OR Have you finished
											sleeping?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuā yá</foreignphrase>: “to
						brush teeth” Besides brushing teeth, you can <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuā yǐfu</foreignphrase>, “brush clothes,”
						and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuā xié</foreignphrase>,
						“brush (off) shoes.” Do not use <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>shuā</foreignphrase> for use for brushing hair, however [see
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shū tóu</foreignphrase> “to
						comb or brush one's hair”, WLF, Unit 3)]. [The noun for a “brush” is
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
						>shuāzi</foreignphrase>.J</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">niúnǎi</foreignphrase>:
						Literally, “cow-milk,” and used only to refer to cow's milk. The word
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǎi</foreignphrase> by itself
						does not specify the kind of milk.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bào</foreignphrase>: “to
						embrace, to hug” people, or “to hold in one's arms” a child, package,
							etc.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lái, baba
												gěi ni bàobao.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Come, papa will hold you. (said to child as he is
											handed from mother to father)</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Āyí</foreignphrase>: “auntie”
						This is a term of address used by children for friends of the family, not
						blood relatives.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuì wǔjiào</foreignphrase>: “to
						take an afternoon nap,” literally, “sleep noon-nap.” The <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wǔjiào</foreignphrase>, a nap after lunch, is
						very popular in China. Many institutions, factories, and schools give time
						off every day for this purpose.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shǎo</foreignphrase>: “to heat,
						to cook” (Another meaning is “to burn.”) Since the verb <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shǎo</foreignphrase> by itself means to put
						heat to something, a resultative ending is needed when you want to indicate
						“boiling” or “heated up.”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ qù shāo
												diǎnr shuǐ.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I'll go put some water on (the stove).</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Rè shuǐ shāohǎo
							le</foreignphrase>. The hot water has been heated up.<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shuǐ yǐjīng
												shāokāi le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>The water is already boiling.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mǎlù</foreignphrase>: “paved
						road.” This is the word usually used for paved city streets. <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎlù</foreignphrase> is literally
						“horse-road,” that is, a road on which horses and people can go. A theory
						has also been advanced that the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>mǎ</foreignphrase> is a transliteration of the first syllable of
						“macadam” (a road made with layers of rolled broken stones, with a tar or
						asphalt base).</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎoxīn</foreignphrase>: “to be
						careful,” literally “small-heart.”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1"
							colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">É, xiǎoxīn
												diǎnr!</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Hey, be a little more careful!</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shūshu</foreignphrase>: “uncle”
						This is a term of affection used by children for older male friends of the
						family.</para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>First Dialogue for Part 3</title>
					<para>A Canadian woman (A) is talking to her new maid (C) in <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Second Dialogue for Part 3</title>
					<para>In Taipei on a Sunday afternoon, a young mother (<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huìmǐn</foreignphrase>) and father
							(<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tíngsōng</foreignphrase>) are
						at home:</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Notes on the Dialogue</title>
					<para>“<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tíng</foreignphrase>” is the
						wife's affectionate abbreviation of her husband's name, <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tíngsōng</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para>
						<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">è</foreignphrase>: “to be
						hungry”</para>
				</section>
			</section>
		</section>
		<section>
			<title>Vocabulary</title>
			<para>
				<informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
					<tgroup cols="3">
						<colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="4.0*"/>
						<tbody>

							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Āyí</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">阿姨</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> auntie </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bào</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">抱</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to hold, to embrace </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chá</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">茶</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> tea </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chī
										fàn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">吃饭</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to eat </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>chúfáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">厨房</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> kitchen </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dài</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">带</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to bring, to take with one </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dài</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">带</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to lead, to take </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dǎkai</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">打开</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to open </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>fángjiān</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">房间</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> room </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>fàntīng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">饭厅</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> dining room </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fùnü</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">妇女</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> women </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">搞</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to do, to engage in </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎo
										wèishēng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">搞卫生</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to do cleaning </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gōngyù</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">公寓</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> apartment building; apartment </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>gōngyùlóu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">公寓楼</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> apartment building </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>hǎoxiàng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">好像</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to seem (to be), to appear that </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hē</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">喝</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to drink </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-jiān</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-间</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> (counter for rooms) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiào</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">叫</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to tell/ask (someone to do something) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-juǎn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">卷</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> reel (of recording tape); to curl, to roll up </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kètīng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">客厅</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> living room </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kǒudài</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">口袋</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> pocket </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liǎn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脸</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> face (of a person) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>lùyīndài</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">录音带</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> recording tape </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>lùyīnjī</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">录音机</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> tape recorder </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">máfan</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">麻烦</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be troublesome, to be a bother; bother, trouble </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mǎlù</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">马路</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> street, avenue (paved) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi shì
										(le)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">没事了</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> everything is all right (now); there is no (further)
									business </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">niúnǎi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">牛奶</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> (cow’s) milk </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>píngcháng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">平常</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> usually, generally, ordinarily </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shāo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">烧</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to heat; to cook </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shāohǎole</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">烧好了</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to have heated up; to have finished cooking </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shēnbào</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">申报</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to declare, to report </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shēnbàodān</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">申报单</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> customs declaration (form) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shōushi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">收拾</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to tidy up </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shǒushi
										(shǒushì)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">首饰</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> jewelry </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuā</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">刷</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to brush </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuā
										yà</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">刷牙</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to brush one’s teeth </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shūfáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">书房</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> study (room) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuǐ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">水</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> water </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuì
										jiào</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">睡觉</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to sleep </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuì
										wǔjiào</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">睡午觉</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to take a noontime nap </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shūshu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">叔叔</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> uncle </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wòfáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">卧房</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> bedroom </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wòshì</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">卧室</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> bedroom </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wūzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">屋子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> room </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>xiāngzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">箱子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> suitcase, box </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>xiǎoběnzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">小本子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> small notebook </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>xiǎoxīn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">小心</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be careful, to take care </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">醒</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to wake up </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐzǎo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗澡</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to take a bath </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>xǐzǎofáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗澡房</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> bathroom </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yá</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">牙</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> tooth, teeth </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yágāo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">牙膏</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> toothpaste </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>yǎnjìng(r)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">眼睛</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> glasses (spectacles) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yùbei</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">预备</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to prepare </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yùbeihǎo
										le</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">预备好了</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to have prepared </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>zhàoxiàngjǐ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">照相机</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> camera </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>zhīpiào</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">支票</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> check (as in personal check) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>zhīpiàoběn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">支票本</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> checkbook </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>zūchūqu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">租出去</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to rent out </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuò
										fàn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">做饭 </foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to cook </entry>
							</row>

						</tbody>
					</tgroup>
				</informaltable></para>
		</section>
	</section>
	<section>
		<title>Unit 5: Minor Physical Complaints</title>
		<section>
			<title>Reference Notes</title>
			<section>
				<title>Part 1</title>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Reference Notes on part 1</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">téng</foreignphrase>: “to hurt,
						to ache” When talking about body aches and pains, you use a topic-comment
						pattern. For example “I have a headache,” in Chinese is literally ”As for
						me, the head hurts”:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="3" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
												>Wǒ</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
												>tǒu</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
												>téng.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
										<entry/>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>As for me,</entry>
										<entry>head</entry>
										<entry>hurts.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎnmào</foreignphrase>: “to
						catch a cold; a cold” This may be used either as a verb or as a noun. [To
						say “to have a bad cold,” use <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>gǎnmào hěn lìhai</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lìhai</foreignphrase> meaning
							“severe.”]<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ gǎnmào
												le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I've caught a cold.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐde gǎnmào
												hǎo yidiǎn le ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Is your cold a little better now?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fāshāo</foreignphrase>: “to have
						a fever,” literally, “develop-fever” This may be used as a state or a
						process: <variablelist>
							<varlistentry>
								<term>STATE</term>
								<listitem>
									<para>
										<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
											<tgroup cols="2" align="center">
												<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
												<colspec colname="c3" colnum="2" colwidth="1*"/>
												<tbody>
												<row>
												<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
												>Wǒ fāshāo.</foreignphrase></entry>
												<entry>I have a fever.</entry>
												</row>
												<row>
												<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
												>Wǒ bù fāshāo.</foreignphrase></entry>
												<entry>I don't have a fever.</entry>
												</row>
												<row>
												<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
												>Wǒ yǒu diǎn fāshāo.</foreignphrase></entry>
												<entry>I'm a little feverish.</entry>
												</row>
												</tbody>
											</tgroup>
										</informaltable>
									</para>
								</listitem>
							</varlistentry>
							<varlistentry>
								<term>PROCESS</term>
								<listitem>
									<para>
										<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
											<tgroup cols="2" align="center">
												<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
												<colspec colname="c3" colnum="2" colwidth="1*"/>
												<tbody>
												<row>
												<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
												>Wǒ fāshāo le.</foreignphrase></entry>
												<entry>I have a fever (more literally, “I have
												developed a fever”).</entry>
												</row>
												<row>
												<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
												>Wǒ méi fāshāo.</foreignphrase></entry>
												<entry>I don't have a fever (more literally “I
												haven't developed a fever”).</entry>
												</row>
												<row>
												<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
												>Wǒ fāshāo yǐhòu jiu bù xiǎng chī dōngxi
												le.</foreignphrase></entry>
												<entry>After the fever came on, I didn't feel like
												eating anything.</entry>
												</row>
												</tbody>
											</tgroup>
										</informaltable>
									</para>
								</listitem>
							</varlistentry>
						</variablelist>
						<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chī diǎn zhèige
							yào</foreignphrase>: “take some of this medicine,” literally, “eat
						medicine,” is the way to say, “to take medicine.” Of course, for liquid
						medicines you could also say <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>hē</foreignphrase>, “to drink,” but one still usually says
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chī</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kàn dàifu</foreignphrase>: “to
						see a doctor” Also <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kàn
							yīshēng</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
						<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
							<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
							<tbody>
								<row>
									<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ děi qù kàn
											dàifu.</foreignphrase></entry>
								</row>
								<row>
									<entry/>
								</row>
								<row>
									<entry>I have to go see a doctor.</entry>
								</row>
							</tbody>
						</tgroup>
					</informaltable>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ kàn shénme?</foreignphrase>:
						In another context, this could mean “What are you looking at?” Here,
						however, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kàn</foreignphrase> is
						used in the sense of “to have (a medical complaint) treated” or “diagnosed”
						by a doctor.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ qù kàn
												gǎnmào le ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Did you go have that cold of yours treated?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒde
												hóulong bú tài shūfu, děi qù
											kànkan.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>My throat doesn't feel too well; I'll have to go get
											it treated.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèige bìng
												děi dào dà yīyuàn qù kàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>For this illness you have to go to a large hospital
											to get it treated.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">késou</foreignphrase>: “to
						cough”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèikē</foreignphrase>: (1)
						“department of internal medicine” (of a hospital), or (2) “internal
						medicine” (as a field). <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Nèi</foreignphrase> means “internal” and <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kē</foreignphrase> means either (1)
						“department, section” or (2) “branch (of a study).”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yīshēng</foreignphrase>:
						“doctor,” literally, “heal-er.” In <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Bēijǐng</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>dàifu</foreignphrase> is the more conversational word and
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yīshēng</foreignphrase> the
						more formal. In Taiwan, however, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>dàifu</foreignphrase> is not used much.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèikē yishēng</foreignphrase>:
						“physician”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàikē</foreignphrase>: (1)
						“department of surgery” (of a hospital), or (2) “surgery,” (the branch of
						medicine).</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàikē yīshēng</foreignphrase>:
						“surgeon”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tòng</foreignphrase>: “to hurt,
						to ache,” another pronunciation for <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">téng</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">āsipilín</foreignphrase>:
						“aspirin” Also pronounced <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>āsipilín</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>àsipilíng</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>àsipǐlíng</foreignphrase>.</para>

				</section>
				<section>
					<title>First Dialog for Part 1</title>
					<para>A man from <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Shànghài</foreignphrase> (A) is visiting his classmate (B) in
						Beijing.</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Second Dialog for Part 1</title>
					<para>In <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>, a
						parent drops in on a neighbor to talk about his daughter's illness:</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Notes after the Dialog</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ràng</foreignphrase>: “to let,
						to allow, to have (someone do something)” This is a prepositional verb which
						you will see more of in Unit 6.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">...duō xiūxi
							xiuxi</foreignphrase>: “rest a lot” The adjectival verb “to be many, to
						be much, to be a lot” is used here as an adverb modifying the verb “to
						rest”, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiūxi</foreignphrase>. As
						an adverb, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duō</foreignphrase> may
						mean “a lot,” “more,” or “too much,” depending on the context. In
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duō xiūxi
							xiuxi</foreignphrase> it obviously means “a lot” or
							“more.”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǐhòu, wǒ
												yào duō xiàng nín xuéxí.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>From now on, I shall learn from you more.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duō shuō yě
												bù hǎo, shǎo shuō yě bù hǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>It isn't good to say too much, nor is it good to say
											too little.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐfà yǐhòu xiǎng chuí yixià bèi
							shì bu shi yào duō gěi qián?</foreignphrase> If you want to have your
						back pounded after a haircut, do you have to pay extra?</para>
					<para>Some students get into the bad habit of always translating <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duō</foreignphrase> as “more.” Remember that
						the adverb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duō</foreignphrase> can
						also mean either “a lot” or “too much.” Thus, if someone invites you to
						dinner, even before you have started to eat, the host may say to you
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duō chī yidiǎnr!
						</foreignphrase>Since you haven't yet touched the food this sentence cannot
						mean, “Have some more”; it simply means “Eat amply.” We might say in
						English, “Have as much as you like,” or “Help yourself.” Here are some more
						examples showing <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>duō</foreignphrase> does not always mean “more.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèizhǒng píngguǒ zènme piányi
							a? Nà wǒmen jiu duō mǎi diǎnr ba!</foreignphrase> These apples are this
						inexpensive? In that case, let's get a whole bunch of them!<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duō láile
												yíge rén.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>One person too many came.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā duō
												gěile shíkuài qián.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He gave ten dollars too much.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duō mǎi
												jǐběnr.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Buy a few extra volumes.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>Contrast <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duō láile yíge
							rén</foreignphrase>, “One person too many came,” with <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu láile yíge rén</foreignphrase>, “One more
						person came.”</para>
				</section>
			</section>
			<section>
				<title>Part 2</title>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Reference Notes on Part 2</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dùzi</foreignphrase>: “belly,
						lower abdomen” This has often been translated as “stomach,” but actually
						when someone says <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ dùzi
							téng</foreignphrase> or <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ
							dùzi bu shūfu</foreignphrase>, they are most often referring to lower
						abdominal or intestinal pains. Nevertheless, you may sometimes want to
						translate it as “stomach,” in the looser sense of “belly,” for
							example:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige rénde
												dùzi hěn dà.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>That man has a big stomach/belly.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ dùzi è
												le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I'm hungry. (Literally, “My stomach is
											hungry.”)</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>A colloquial expression for “to be pregnant” is <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dùzi dà le</foreignphrase>, literally, “the
						abdomen has become big,” or <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dà
							dùzi le</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiè dù</foreignphrase>: “to have
						diarrhea” There are several expressions for “diarrhea” in Chinese;
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiè dù</foreignphrase> is a
						good choice to use when talking to your doctor, since it is neither too
						informal not too technical. (See also <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lā dùzi</foreignphrase>, below.)</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yūn</foreignphrase>: “to be
						dizzy” Often used after <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>tóu</foreignphrase>, “head”: <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>tóu yūn</foreignphrase>. Pronounced with the Falling tone,
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yùn</foreignphrase>, this word
						is used in the expressions <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yùn
							chē</foreignphrase>, “to be carsick/train sick,” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yùn</foreignphrase> chuan, “to be seasick,”
						and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yùn fēijǐ</foreignphrase>, “to
						be airsick.”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ kàn shū
												kànde tóu dōu yūn le!</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I've been reading so much that I'm dizzy!</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>In this sentence, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>dōu</foreignphrase> doesn't mean “all,” but “even, to such an extent
						that.” This type of <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>dōu</foreignphrase> is always used with le at the end of the
						sentence.)</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tù</foreignphrase>: “to vomit”
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xiǎng tù</foreignphrase>,
						literally “to feel like vomiting,” means “to feel nauseous.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tǐwēn</foreignphrase>: “body
						temperature” Only used for the temperature of a body. [The general word for
						“temperature” is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>wēndù</foreignphrase>, which is presented in Part 3 of this unit.]
							[<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tǐwēnbiāo</foreignphrase> is
						a medical thermometer.]</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-dù</foreignphrase>: “degree”
						This noun does not take a counter.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wèibìng</foreignphrase>:
						“stomach trouble; gastric disease,” literally, “stomach illness.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dàbiàn bù tōng</foreignphrase>:
						“to be constipated” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Dàbiàn</foreignphrase> (literally “major-convenience)” means “to have a
						bowel movement” or “feces.” (<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Xiǎobiàn</foreignphrase>, “minor-convenience,” means “to urinate” or
						“urine.”) <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù tōng</foreignphrase>
						means “doesn't go through, is blocked up.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tǎng</foreignphrase>: “to lie,
						to recline” Notice that the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>zài</foreignphrase> phrase goes after the verb tang in the sentence
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐng ni tǎng zài
							zhèr</foreignphrase>. This is because the zài phrase shows the result of
						the verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tǎng</foreignphrase>: you
						end up being here (<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài
							zhèr</foreignphrase>) as a result of the action of lying (<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tǎng</foreignphrase>). <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāngxià</foreignphrase> or<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"> tǎng xiàlái</foreignphrase> means “to lie
						down.” In some of the following sentences, notice that <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tǎng</foreignphrase> corresponds to “be in
							bed.”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā gānmào
												le, tǎngle yìtiān.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He got a cold and stayed in bed for a day (OR and has
											been in bed all day today).</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xǐhuan
												tǎngzhe kàn shū.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He likes to read lying down.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǐjīng
												bādiǎn zhōngle, nǐ hái tǎngzhe
											ne!</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>It's eight o'clock already, and you're still in
											bed!</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tǎngxialai
												xiūxi yihuǐr ba.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Lie down and rest for a while.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shàngyǐ</foreignphrase>: “upper
						garments” [Also sometimes means “coat.”]</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tuō</foreignphrase>: “to take
						off” (clothes, shoes) This is the opposite of <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuān</foreignphrase>, “to put
							on.”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Kuài bǎ
												dàyī tuōxialai.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Come on and take off your coat.*</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhèng
												tuōzhe yīfu, jìnlai yige
											rén.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Right when he was taking off his clothes, someone
											came in.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐng ni
												tuōle xié zài jìnqu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Please remove your shoes before going in.**</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>*This is said by the host to a guest when he arrives. You might have
						thought that the use of the word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>kuài</foreignphrase>, usually translated as “hurry up and ...” sounds
						impatient and impolite. Actually, it is the exact opposite. Here,
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kuài</foreignphrase> indicates
						the host's concern that the guest, although wanting to take his coat off,
						would be too polite to do so immediately.</para>
					<para>**In Taiwan, most households have kept the Japanese custom of removing
						shoes before entering the living areas. (Guests, though, are not in every
						case expected to take off their shoes, especially for short visits during
						dry weather.)</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kāi</foreignphrase>: You have
						seen <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kāi</foreignphrase> meaning
						“to open.” Here it means “to write out” a prescription, list, receipt,
						check, etc.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shēng bìng</foreignphrase>: “to
						get sick” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shēng</foreignphrase>
						means literally, “to develop, to happen.” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shēng bìng</foreignphrase> le means
						virtually the same thing as <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Tā</foreignphrase> bìng le.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1"
							colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jīnnián
												chūntiān shēng bìngde rén hěn
											duō.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Lots of people are getting sick this spring.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shēng
												bìng shēngle liǎngge xīngqī le, hái méi
												hǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He has been sick for two weeks now and hasn't
											recovered yet.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ hái
												shēngzhe bìng ne, zěnme kéyi
											chūqu?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>You're still sick; how can you go out ?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shēngde
												shi shénme bìng?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What illness is it that he has?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lā dùzi</foreignphrase>: “to
						have diarrhea,” a more colloquial, but not at all improper, word for
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiè
							dù</foreignphrase>.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lā dùzi
												lāde hěn lìhai.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He has a bad case of diarrhea.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>First Dialogue for Part 2</title>
					<para>A man in Taipei calls a doctor's office to ask what he should do for his
						wife's illness.</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Second Dialogue for Part 2</title>
					<para>In <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>, a
						young man (A) visits a clinic.</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
			</section>
			<section>
				<title>Part 3</title>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Reference Notes on Part 3</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liáng</foreignphrase>: “to
						measure” You first saw this verb in the context of taking measurements for
						clothing. Here you see it used for taking temperatures. It can also be used
						for measuring a piece of land or the dimensions of a room.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tǐwēn</foreignphrase> and
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wēndù</foreignphrase>: Both of
						these are translated as “temperature” in the sentences above, but they
						should be distinguished. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Tǐwēn</foreignphrase> is literally “body temperature” and thus is used
						when talking about taking human temperatures. <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wēndù</foreignphrase> is literally
						“temperature degree” and is generally used in measuring heat or
							cold.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ wūzilide
												wēndù shi duōshǎo?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What's the temperature in your room?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>[There is another word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>qìwén</foreignphrase>, literally “air temperature,” used, for example,
						in weather reports.]</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wēndù bù gāo</foreignphrase>:
						“the temperature is not high” Normal body temperature (98.6' F) is 37°
						Celsius. Each additional degree Celsius is 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kāishuǐ</foreignphrase>: “boiled
						water” This is water that has been boiled, but is not necessarily hot. Often
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kāishuǐ</foreignphrase> is
						served as a hot beverage, however. The Chinese commonly believe that ice
						cold beverages are not good.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xuěyā</foreignphrase>: “blood
						pressure,” literally “blood pressure.” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xuěyā gāo</foreignphrase> is “high blood
						pressure,” and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xuěyā
							dǐ</foreignphrase> is “low blood pressure.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhēnjiū</foreignphrase>:
						“acupuncture and moxibustion” Also pronounced <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhēnjiǔ</foreignphrase>. Acupuncture is a
						practice of traditional (but not necessarily orthodox) Chinese medicine
						where parts of the body are pierced with needles to treat disease or relieve
						pain. This is based on the idea that the body's energy (qì) forms an
						integral system which must be maintained for good health. This is done by
						applying pressure or releasing pressure to restore the balance of qì.
						Moxibustion (traditionally more important than acupuncture) involves the
						smoldering of herbs on certain body points. In some cases the herbs are
						placed directly on the skin and lit with a stick of incense; at other times,
						a slice of ginger is first placed on the skin and the herbs burned on
						top.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ xiǎng bu xiǎng zhǎo zhēnjiū
							dàifu gěi ni kànkan?</foreignphrase>: This has been translated on the
						Reference List as “Do you want to sean acupuncturist?” which is the
						conversational English equivalent. A translation more revealing of the
						structure of the question might be: “Do you want to look for an acupuncture
						doctor to give you treatment?”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liúxíngxìng
							gǎnmào</foreignphrase>: “influenza, flu,” literally “epidemic cold.”
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liúxíng</foreignphrase>: the
						verb “to be prevalent, to be popular, to be common.” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-Xìng</foreignphrase> means “quality,
						characteristic,” and when used as a suffix corresponds to “<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-esque</foreignphrase>” in “picturesque,” or
						“-like” in “childlike.” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Liúxíngxìng</foreignphrase> is then “having the characteristic of being
						prevalent,” specifically “epidemic.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kāi dāo</foreignphrase>: “to
						operate; to be operated on,” literally “to open or operate the
						knife.”</para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Dialogue for Part 3</title>
					<para>In <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase> a
						worker pays a return visit to a health clinic.</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Note on the Dialogue</title>
					<para>*<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kesou yishēng</foreignphrase>:
						Literally, “cough one sound.” -<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Sheng</foreignphrase> is the counter for utterances.</para>
				</section>
			</section>
		</section>
		<section>
			<title>Vocabulary</title>
			<para>
				<informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
					<tgroup cols="3">
						<colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="4.0*"/>
						<tbody>

							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">āiyō</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">哎哟</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> ouch; oh dear </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>āsīpīlín</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">阿司匹林</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> aspirin </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chī</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">吃</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to take (medicine) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dàbiàn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">大便</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> bowel movement </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dàbiàn bù
										tōng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">大便不通</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be constipated </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dàifu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">大夫</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> doctor </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dī</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">低</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be low </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-dù</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-度</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> degree (e.g., on a thermometer) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dùzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肚子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> belly, abdomen, stomach </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fāshāo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">发烧</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to have a fever </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎnmào</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">感冒</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to catch cold; a cold </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hóulóng
										(hóulong)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">喉咙</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> throat </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kāi
										dāo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"/>
								</entry>
								<entry> to operate; to be operated on </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kāi
										yàofāng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">开药方</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to write a prescription </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>kāishuǐ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">开水</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> boiled water </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kàn
										bìng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">看病</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to have an illness treated/diagnosed </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kàn
										dàifu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">看大夫</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to see a doctor </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">késou</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">咳嗽</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to cough </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lā
										dùzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">拉肚子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to have diarrhea </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">量</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to measure </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liáng
										tǐwēn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">量体温</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to take a person’s temperature </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lìhai</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">厉害</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be severe, to be fierce </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liúxíngxìng
										gǎnmào</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">流行性感冒</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> influenza, flu </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèikē</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">内科</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> internal medicine, general medicine; department of internal
									medicine </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèikē
										yīshēng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">内科医生</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> internist, physician </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shàngyī</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">上衣</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> upper garment </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shēng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">生</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to develop (as in shēng bìng) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shēng
										bìng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">生病</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to get sick, to become ill </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tǎng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">躺</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to lie, to recline </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">téng
										(tòng)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">疼</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to hurt, to ache </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tǐwēn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">体温</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> (body) temperature </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tóu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">头</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> head </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tóu
										téng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">头疼</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to have a headache; headache </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tù</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">吐</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to vomit </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tuō</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脱</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to take off (clothing) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàikē</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">外科</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> surgical department </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàikē
										yīshēng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">外科医生</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> surgeon </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wèi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胃</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> stomach </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>wèibìng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胃病</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> stomach trouble, gastric disease </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wēndù</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">温度</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> temperature </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎng
										tù</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"/>
								</entry>
								<entry> to feel nauseous </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>xiǎobiàn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">小便</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to urinate; urination </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiè
										dù(zi)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">泻肚（子）</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to have diarrhea </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xuěyā</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">血压</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> blood pressure </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xuěyā
										dī</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">低血压</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> low blood pressure </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xuěyā
										gāo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">血压高</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> high blood pressure, hypertension </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yào</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">药</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> medicine </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>yàofāng(r)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">药方</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> prescription </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>yīshēng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">医生</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> doctor </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yīyuàn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">医院</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> hospital </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yūn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">晕</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be dizzy </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhēnjiū
										(zhēnjiǔ)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">针灸</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> acupuncture and moxibustion </entry>
							</row>

						</tbody>
					</tgroup>
				</informaltable></para>
		</section>
	</section>
	<section>
		<title>Unit 6: Accidents and Difficulties</title>
		<section>
			<title>Reference Notes</title>
			<section>
				<title>Part 1</title>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Reference Notes for Part 1</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zāogāo</foreignphrase>: “too
						bad, oh darn, how terrible, what a mess,” literally, “rotten-cake.” This is
						used as an exclamation of dismay. It is often equivalent to “Oh
							no!”:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zāogāo! Wǒ
												wàngle dài fēijīpiào le!</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Oh, no! I forgot to bring the plane tickets!</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>As an adjectival verb, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>zāogāo</foreignphrase> means “to be in a mess, to be in a bad state,”
						as in:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nàrde
												qíngxing hěn zāogāo.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>The situation there is a mess.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèiběn shū
												xiěde zhēn zāogāo.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>This book is terribly written.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hěn
												zāogāo.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He's in a very bad way.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yàoshi
												zhèige bìngrén láide zài wǎn yìdiǎnr jiù zāogāo
												le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>If this patient had come any later than he did, he
											would have been in a real mess (in big trouble).</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">diū</foreignphrase>: “to lose”
						You can analyze the sentence <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wode
							hùzhào diū le</foreignphrase> this way:<informaltable frame="none"
							rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="2" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒde
												hùzhào</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">diū
												le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>As for my passport,</entry>
										<entry>it has been) lost.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>In some areas of China (including Taiwan) you would hear the word
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">diào</foreignphrase> instead
						of <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">diū</foreignphrase>:
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒde hùzhào diào
							le.</foreignphrase></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fānyì</foreignphrase>: “to
						translate, to interpret; translator, interpreter” Also pronounced
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fānyi</foreignphrase> (with a
						neutral-tone <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
						>yi</foreignphrase>).</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shìqing</foreignphrase>:
						“matter, affair, business, thing.” Shìqing refers to abstract things, while
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dōngxi</foreignphrase> refers
						to concrete things.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiàshǐ zhízhào</foreignphrase>:
						“driver's license” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>jiàshǐ</foreignphrase> is “to drive (a vehicle).” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhízhào</foreignphrase> is a “license,
						permit.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fāxiàn</foreignphrase>: “to
						discover, to find, to find out”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1"
							colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài zhèr
												fāxiànle yige wèntí.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I've discovered a problem here.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèi shi
												gāng fāxiànde yìzhǒng xǐnde
											yào.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>This is a new kind of medicine which has just been
											discovered.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>The object of <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>fāxiàn</foreignphrase> may also be a clause:<informaltable frame="none"
							rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ huílaile
												yǐhòu jiu fāxiàn tā yǐjīng zǒu
											le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>When I came back I discovered tha the had already
											left.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>The expression <foreignphrase/> can often be translated as “I notice that
						...”or “I find that ...”. It often prefaces a personal observation, as
							in:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ fāxiàn
												hěn duō Měiguo rén juéde yǒu háizi hěn
												máfan.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I find that many Americans feel that it's a lot of
											trouble to have children.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ fāxiàn
												nǐ hěn xǐhuan xīnde dōngxi.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I notice (or, “I get the impression”) that you like
											new things very much.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>As a noun, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>fāxiàn</foreignphrase> means “discovery”:<informaltable frame="none"
							rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèi shi
												yíge hěn zhòngyàode fāxiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>This is a very important discovery.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cái</foreignphrase>: “then and
						only then, not until” This adverb should be used when an event happens
						relatively late: “not until this morning.” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Cái</foreignphrase> is the opposite of
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiù</foreignphrase>, the word
						for “then” when something happens sooner or earlier. When a sentence using
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cái</foreignphrase> describes
						a completed action, the verb will hardly ever take the ending -le; notice
						that <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fāxiàn</foreignphrase> in
						sentence 6 cannot have -le. Here is another example:<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zuótiān
												cái gàosu wǒ.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He didn't tell me until yesterday.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kuài yidiǎnr</foreignphrase>: “a
						little more quickly,” or as in No. 7, “soon.” <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Kuài yidiǎnr</foreignphrase> gives the
						impression of being even sooner than <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zǎo yidiǎnr</foreignphrase>. Both mean
						“soon.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lǐng</foreignphrase>: “to
						receive, to get, to pick up, to collect” something that is issued or given
						(a prize, salary, materials, passport, etc.)</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yàoburán</foreignphrase>:
						“otherwise,” literally “if-not-thus.” Like <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kěshi</foreignphrase> “but” and
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dànshi</foreignphrase> “but,
						however,” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yàoburán</foreignphrase>
						always comes at the front of the clause in which it occurs.<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ děi
												mǎshàng zǒu, yàoburán wǒ jiù wǎn
											le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I have to go right away, otherwise I'll be
											late.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ děi zuò
												fēijī qù, yàoburán jiù tài màn
											le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I have to take a plane, otherwise it'll be too
											slow.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhào xiàng</foreignphrase>: “to
						take a picture,” literally, “illuminate-image.” You already learned
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhàoxiàngjī</foreignphrase>,
						“camera,” in WLF Unit 4, Part I. The counter for <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiàng</foreignphrase> “-pictures” is
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-zhāng</foreignphrase> (the
						same one as for tables, sheets of paper and other flat things).
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào jǐzhāng
							xiàng</foreignphrase> thus means “to take a few pictures.” (When NOT
						using the word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>xiàng</foreignphrase> as the object of zhào, however, you should use
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhàopiàn</foreignphrase> or
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiàngpiàn</foreignphrase> for
						“photograph.”)</para>
					<para>Like many verb-object expressions, <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhào xiàng</foreignphrase> has the potential
						ambiguity of meaning either “to (verb) an (object )” or “to have an (object)
						(verb)-ed”: “to take a picture” or “to have one's picture taken.” You saw
						this with several verb-object expressions in Unit 3:<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="3" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="c3" colnum="2" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="c4" colnum="3" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiǎn
												tóufa</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry>to cut hair</entry>
										<entry>to have one's hair cut</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐ
												tóu</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry>to give a shampoo </entry>
										<entry>to get a shampoo</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guā
												húzi</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry>to shave</entry>
										<entry>to have a shave</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cā
												píxié</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry>to shine shoes</entry>
										<entry>to have one's shoes shined</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tàng
												tóufa</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry>to give a permanent</entry>
										<entry>to get a permanent</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">juǎn
												tóufa</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry>to curl hair</entry>
										<entry>to have one's hair curled</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhào
												xiàng</foreignphrase></entry>
										<entry>to take a picture</entry>
										<entry>to have one's picture taken</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>For example, in the case of <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhào
							xiàng</foreignphrase>, a photographer might say <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ qù zhào xiàng</foreignphrase>, “I am going
						to take pictures”; but a person going to a photographer's studio might say
						the same sentence,<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"> Wǒ qù zhào
							xiàng</foreignphrase>, meaning “I am going to have my picture
						taken.”</para>
					<para>The fact that such sentences may mean either of two things rarely causes
						any misunderstandings in practice. The context almost always makes it
						perfectly clear which meaning is intended.</para>
					<para>With these verb-object expressions, if you want to specify the person on
						whom the action is performed, you have to use a <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gěi</foreignphrase> phrase (you can't make
						the person the direct object because the verb already has a direct object).
						For example, to say “I'm going to take a picture of you,” say:<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ gěi nǐ
												zhào xiàng.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I'm going to take a picture of you.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>Likewise:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā tàitai
												gěi ta jiǎn tóufa.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>His wife cuts his hair.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>*Although misunderstandings are rare, they are not impossible. Here is a
						short exchange illustrating how <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>zhào xiàng</foreignphrase> might be misunderstood and how the
						misunderstanding might be cleared up. (For this example you need to know
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhàopiàn</foreignphrase>,
						“photograph,” and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>zhàoxiàngguǎn</foreignphrase>, “photography studio.”)<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="2" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry>A:</entry>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ jīntiān
												zhào xiàng qu le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
										<entry>Today I went to take pictures / to have my picture
											taken.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>B:</entry>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào
												shénme? Zhào fēngjǐng ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
										<entry>What did you take pictures of? Did you take pictures
											of scenery?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>A:</entry>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shì a.
												Yīnwèi wǒ yào lǐng hùzhào, děi yǒu zhàopiàn, suóyi
												wǒ qù zhàoxiàngguǎn qǐng tamen gěi wo zhào
												xiàng.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
										<entry>No. I'm going to get a passport and need photographs,
											so I went to a photo studio and had them take my
											picture.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>Here “A” meant by his first sentence “Today I went to have my picture
						taken.” but “B” understood him to mean “Today I went to take
						pictures.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàishì jǐngchá</foreignphrase>:
						“foreign affairs policemen,” those who Heal with foreign nationals.</para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Dialogue for Part 1</title>
					<para>A foreign official in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Běijǐng</foreignphrase> talks with a Chinese colleague.</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Note on the Dialogue</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zài nǎr diūd'a?</foreignphrase>:
						“Where did you lose it?” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>d'a</foreignphrase> is a contraction of <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">de</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">a</foreignphrase>. The whole sentence would
						be <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi zài nǎr diūde
							a?</foreignphrase></para>
				</section>
			</section>
			<section>
				<title>Part 2</title>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Reference Notes for Part 2</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shéi</foreignphrase>: “someone”
						The question word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>shéi</foreignphrase> “who” can also be used to mean “someone.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bèi</foreignphrase>: This is the
						prepositional verb which indicates the doer of the action, similar to the
						English “by” in passive sentences. In sentences with <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bèi</foreignphrase>, it is the subject
							(<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tā</foreignphrase> in
						sentence 12) which received the action and the object of <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bèi</foreignphrase> (<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qǐchē</foreignphrase> in sentence 12) which
						did the action.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒde zìdiǎn
												bèi xuésheng názǒu le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>My dictionary was taken by a student.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bèi rén
												dǎsǐ le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He was beaten to death by someone. (<foreignphrase
												xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dǎsǐ</foreignphrase> is
											literally “hit to death”)</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para/>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bèi</foreignphrase> has a
						special characteristic other prepositional verbs do not share: it can occur
						WITHOUT AN OBJECT. Its passive meaning is still evident in the rest of the
							sentence:<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒde xīn
												qìchē bèi zhuàng le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>My new car was hit.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒde yǔsān
												bèi názǒu le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>My umbrella was taken.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qí</foreignphrase>: “to
						ride/drive by straddling” While <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>zuò</foreignphrase> is the verb “to ride” down, qí is the verb “to
						ride” used generally - and specifically when sitting with horses,
						motorcycles and bicycles.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">téngsǐ le</foreignphrase>: “to
						hurt a lot,” literally “to hurt to death (figuratively speaking)”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liú xuě</foreignphrase>: “to
						bleed,” literally “to flow blood”; <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>Xuě</foreignphrase> is also pronounced <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiě</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xuè</foreignphrase>.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tái</foreignphrase>: “to lift or
						carry (by two or more persons)”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1"
							colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐng bǎ
												zhèige zhuōzi táijìnlái.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Please carry this table in (with me or someone
											else).</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐng bǎ
												zhèi liǎngjiàn dà xíngli táishang chē
												qu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Please carry (with me or someone else these two large
											suitcases onto the train.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bǎ diànshì
												táixià 1óu lai.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Bring the television downstairs with me.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dòng</foreignphrase>: “to move
						(either oneself or something else)”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1"
							colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bié
												dòng!</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Don't move.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xiān bú yào
												dòng ta.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Let's not move him just yet.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dòng</foreignphrase> can also
						mean “to touch” something, so <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bié
							dòng</foreignphrase> can also mean “Don't touch it.”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dòngbuliǎo</foreignphrase>:
						“unable to move” The endings<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">
							-deliǎo</foreignphrase> “able” and -<foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">buliǎo</foreignphrase> “unable” are used with
						action verbs to show the result of the action.<informaltable frame="none"
							rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zènme duō
												xíngli, wǒ yíge rén
											nábuliǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I can't carry all this luggage by myself.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā kāi dāo
												bù jiǔ, hái zǒubuliāo lù.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>It hasn't been long since the operation. She's not
											yet able to walk.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xià zhème
												dà yǔ. Xiànzài zěubuliǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>It's raining so hard. We can't leave now.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mǎshàng</foreignphrase>:
						“immediately, right away,” literally “on a horse”</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dǎ diànhuà</foreignphrase>: “to
						make a phone call,” literally “to hit electric-speech.” To indicate who you
						are calling, use the prepositional verb <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gěi</foreignphrase> “for, to.”<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ gěi shéi
												dǎ diànhuà?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Who are you calling?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǎo Wáng
												yòu gěi ni dǎ diàn huà le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǎo
												Wáng</foreignphrase> called you again.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>The noun <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">diànhuà</foreignphrase>
						by itself can mean either “telephone” or “telephone call.”<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ hái
												méiyou diànhuà ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Are you still without a phone?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu nǐde
												diànhuà.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>There's a call for you.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>Sometimes you can use <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>diànhuà</foreignphrase> where English would have “telephone number”:
							<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐde
												diànhuà shi duōshao?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What is your telephone number?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhāojí</foreignphrase>: “to get
						upset, to get excited with worry, to feel anxious”<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ tài
												zhāojí. Wǒmen zhèr méiyou shénme
												wèntí.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>You're too anxious/worried. We don't have any
											problems here.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kān</foreignphrase>: “to look
						after (something)” The verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>kàn</foreignphrase> “to look, to see” changes tones when it means “to
						look after something.”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ qù
												Xiānggǎngde shíhou, shéi gěi ni kān
												fángzi?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Who'll be looking after your house when you go to
											Hong Kong?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shéi gěi ni
												kān háizi?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Who looks after the children (OR babysits) for
											you?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-zhe</foreignphrase>: This is
						the marker of DURATION. It may be added to an action or process verb to
						indicate that the action lasts for some amount of time. In the sentence
							<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài zhèr kānzhe
							ta</foreignphrase> “I'll stay here and look after him,” the speaker is
						saying that he will do this and CONTINUE it for some time. <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-Zhe</foreignphrase> can be used whether the
						time is past, present or future.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1"
							colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài
												nèibiān zuòzhe, Xiǎo Lán pǎojinlai gàosu ta bàba
												huílai le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>She was sitting there when <foreignphrase
												xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xiāo Lán</foreignphrase>
											ran in and told her papa had returned.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para>
						<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hāi bìngzhe ne.</foreignphrase>
						He's still sick. (The <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>-zhe</foreignphrase> tells you that the illness is lasting for some
						time. Without <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
						>-zhe</foreignphrase>, bin, means “get sick,” not “be sick. Ne tells you
						this is not a new situation [absence of change!]<informaltable frame="none"
							rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zuòzhe
												ba.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Sit for a while.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Dialogue for Part 2</title>
					<para>A passerby (B) on a street in Beijing is called by the driver of a motor
						cycle (A) who has Just had an accident with a pedestrian (C).</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
			</section>
			<section>
				<title>Part 3</title>
				<section>
					<title>Reference List</title>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Reference Notes on Part 3</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">páizi</foreignphrase>: “sign,
						poster, plate,” also a “brand name, trademark”<informaltable frame="none"
							rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ mǎide
												shi shénme páizide
											zhàoxiàngjī?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What brand of camera did you buy?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige hóng
												páizishang xiěde shi shénme?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>What is written on that red sign ?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhùyì</foreignphrase>: “to pay
						attention to, to take notice of”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1"
							colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ méi
												zhùyì tā shi gēn shéi zǒude.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I didn't notice who he left with.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhùyì
												diǎnr!</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Please pay a little more attention!</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kéyi bù kéyi</foreignphrase>:
						“cannot” Of the three auxiliary verbs <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">néng</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">huì</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kéyi</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kéyi</foreignphrase> is the one to use when
						the “can” or “cannot” is due to someone granting or withholding
						permission.</para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yóuyǒng</foreignphrase>: “to
							swim”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì bu
												huì yóuyǒng? </foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>Can you swim?</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ yóuyǒng
												yóude bú tài hǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I don't swim too well.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wéixiǎn</foreignphrase>: “to be
						dangerous, to be perilous” Also pronounced <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wēixiǎn</foreignphrase>.<informaltable
							frame="none" rowsep="1" colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zài Táiběi
												qí mōtuōchē tài wéixiǎn le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>It's too dangerous to ride a motorcycle in
											Taipei.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú pà
												wéixiǎn, tā shénme dōu yào
											zuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>He's not afraid of danger. He'll do anything.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gùyì</foreignphrase>:
						“intentionally, willfully, on purpose”<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1"
							colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā gùyì bǎ
												nèixie shū diū le.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>She lost those books on purpose.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duìbuqǐ, wǒ
												bú shi gùyì (zuò)de.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>I'm sorry, I didn't do it on purpose.</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ràng</foreignphrase>: “to let,
						to allow, to cause (someone to do something).” This is a prepositional verb,
						i.e. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ràng</foreignphrase> and its
						object both precede the main verb.<informaltable frame="none" rowsep="1"
							colsep="1">
							<tgroup cols="1" align="center">
								<colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1*"/>
								<tbody>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú ràng
												wǒ zǒu.</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>She won't let me leave.</entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zěnme
												kéyi ràng tā zènme bù
											gāoxìng?</foreignphrase></entry>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry/>
									</row>
									<row>
										<entry>How could you make her so unhappy?</entry>
									</row>
								</tbody>
							</tgroup>
						</informaltable></para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>First Dialogue for Part 3</title>
					<para>A Canadian man (M) has Just entered an area in <foreignphrase
							xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase> prohibited to
						foreigners, having failed to notice a sign in English to that effect. A
						policewoman (F) calls out to him.</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Note on the Dialogue</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhǐdao le</foreignphrase>: “now
						I know,” or “I understand” This is the marker le for new situations.</para>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Second Dialogue for Part 3</title>
					<para>An American woman and her two children are swimming along the beach in
						Taiwan. A soldier calls to them.</para>
					<para/>
				</section>
				<section>
					<title>Note on the Dialogue</title>
					<para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiàcì bú yào zài lai
							le</foreignphrase>: “in the future don't come here again (any more).” In
						addition to meaning “next time,” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
							>xiàcì</foreignphrase> can mean generally “in the future.”</para>
				</section>
			</section>
		</section>
		<section>
			<title>Vocabulary</title>
			<para>
				<informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
					<tgroup cols="3">
						<colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="4.0*"/>
						<tbody>

							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bāng
										máng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">帮忙</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to help, to aid, to assist </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bèi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">被</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> by (indicates the one who carries out the action in a
									passive sentence) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>-buliǎo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不了</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> unable to ... (verb ending) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dǎ
										diànhuà</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">打电话</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to make a phone call, to telephone </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>diànhuà</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">电话</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> telephone, telephone call </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dìqū</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">地区</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> area, region </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">diū</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">丟</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to lose </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dòng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">动</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to move </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>dòngbuliǎo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">东不了</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> unable to move </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duàn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">断</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to sever, to break </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fānyì</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">翻译</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to interpret, to translate </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fāxiàn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">发现</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to discover </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>Góng’ānjú</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">公安局</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> Bureau of Public Security (PRC) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gútou</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">骨头</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> bone </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gùyì</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">故意</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> intentionally, willfully, on purpose </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiàshǐ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">驾驶</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> driver, pilot; to drive, to pilot </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiàshǐ
										zhízhào</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">驾驶执照</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> driver’s license </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>jǐngchá</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">警察</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> policeman </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>jǐngchájú</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">警察局</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> police station </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>jiùhùchē</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">救护车</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> ambulance </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jūnshì</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">军事</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> military </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kān</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">看</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to look after, to watch over </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-liàng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-辆</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> (counter for vehicles) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lǐng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">领</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to collect, to pick up (something which is issued) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liú xuě (xiě,
										xuè)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">流血</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to bleed </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>lùbiān(r)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">路边</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> side of the road </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>mǎshàng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">马上</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> immediately </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mótuōchē
										(mōtuōchē)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">摩托车</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> motorcycle </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">páizi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">牌子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> sign, poster, plate; brand name, trade mark </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qí</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">骑</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to ride by straddling </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ràng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">让</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to let, to allow, to cause someone to do something </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shéi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">谁</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> someone </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shìqing</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">事情</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> matter, affair, business, thing </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-sǐle</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">死了</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> like crazy, to death (state verb ending) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tái</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">抬</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to carry (by two or more people) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">téngsǐ
										le</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">疼死了</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to hurt like crazy, to hurt to death (figuratively) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tuǐ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">腿</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> leg </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàishì</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">外事</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> foreign affairs </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàiguó</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">外国</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> foreign country </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wéixiǎn
										(wēixiǎn)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">危险</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to be dangerous, to be perilous, danger </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>yàoburán</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">要不然</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> otherwise, or else </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>yóuyǒng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">游泳</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to swim </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zāogāo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">糟糕</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> oh no! how awful! how terrible! what a mess!; to be awful
								</entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhāojí</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">着急</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to get upset, to be anxious, to be worried </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhào
										xiàng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">照相</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to take a picture </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-zhe</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-着 </foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> marker of duration for actions and states </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhuàng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">撞</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to bump into, to run into, to collide with </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhùyì
										(zhùyi)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">注意</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> to pay attention, to take notice </entry>
							</row>

						</tbody>
					</tgroup>
				</informaltable></para>
		</section>
	</section>
	<section>
		<title>Appendixes</title>
		<section>
			<title>Parts of the body</title>
			<para>
				<informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
					<tgroup cols="3">
						<colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="4.0*"/>
						<tbody>

							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fù(bù)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">腹部</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> abdomen </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>jiǎowànzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脚腕子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> ankle </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lánwěi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">阑尾</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> appendix </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gēbei, gēbo,
										shǒubì</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胳臂，胳膊，手臂</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> arm </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bèi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">背</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> back </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiě, xuě,
										xuè</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">血</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> blood </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>xuěguǎn(r)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">血管</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> blood vessel </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gútou,
										gǔtou</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">骨头</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> bone </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>nǎo(zi)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脑（子）</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> brain </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">rǔfáng, nǎi,
										rǔ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">乳房，奶，乳</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> breast </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">pìgǔ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">屁股</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> buttocks </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">miànjiá,
										sāi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">面颊，腮</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> cheek </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiōngbù,
										xiōngtáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胸部，胸膛</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> chest </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiàba</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">下巴</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> chin </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ěrduo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">耳朵</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> ear </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>gēbeizhǒu(r)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胳膊肘</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> elbow </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>yǎnjīng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">眼睛</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> eye </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǎnzhūzi (colloquial),
										yǎnqiú</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">眼珠子，眼球</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> eyeball </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méimao</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">眉毛</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> eyebrow </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liǎn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脸</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> face </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shǒuzhítou,
										shǒuzhǐtou</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">手指头</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> finger </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhījia,
										zhǐjiǎ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">指甲</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> fingernail </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiǎo</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脚</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> foot </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>yáchuáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">牙床</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> gums </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shǒu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">手</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> hand </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tóu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">头</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> head </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>xīnzàng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">心脏</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> heart </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>jiǎogēn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脚跟</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> heel </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>chángzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肠子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> intestines </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>guānjié</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">关节</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> joint </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shèn(zàng)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肾（脏）</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> kidney </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xīgài</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">膝盖</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> knee </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tuí</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">腿</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> leg </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>zuǐchún</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">嘴唇</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> lip </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>gānzàng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肝脏</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> liver </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fèi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肺</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> lung </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuī,
										kǒu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">嘴，口</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> mouth </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jīròu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肌肉</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> muscle </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bózi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脖子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> neck </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shénjīng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">神经</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> nerve </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bízi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">鼻子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> nose </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lèigǔ,
										lègǔ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肋骨</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> rib </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>jiānbǎng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肩膀</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> shoulder </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">pífu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">皮肤</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> skin </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>jílianggǔ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脊梁骨</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> spine </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wèi; dùzi
									</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胃，肚子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> stomach (belly) </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiàn, jīn
										(colloquial)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">腱，肌</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> tendon </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dàtuǐ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">大腿</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> thigh </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>hóulong</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">喉咙</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> throat </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mǔzhǐ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">拇指</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> thumb </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiǎozhítou,
										jiǎozhǐ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脚趾头，脚趾</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> toe </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shétou</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">舌头</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> tongue </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>biǎntáoxiàn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">扁桃腺</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> tonsils </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yá,
										yáchǐ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">牙，牙齿</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> tooth </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wànzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">腕子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> wrist </entry>
							</row>

						</tbody>
					</tgroup>
				</informaltable></para>
		</section>
		<section>
			<title>Medical Conditions and Illnesses</title>
			<para>
				<informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
					<tgroup cols="3">
						<colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="4.0*"/>
						<tbody>

							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>nóngzhǒng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脓肿</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> abscess </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>duì...guòmǐn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">对。。。过敏</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> allergic to... </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>guòmǐnzhèng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">过敏症</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> allergy </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>lánwěiyán</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">appendicitis</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> appendicitis </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>guǎnjiéyán</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">关节炎</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> arthritis </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>qìchuǎnbìng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">气喘病</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> asthma </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>huòluàn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">霍乱</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> cholera </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎnmào, shāngfēng,
										zhāoliáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">感冒，伤风，着凉</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> cold </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>chōujīn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">抽筋</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> cramp </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>tángniàobìng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">糖尿病</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> diabetes </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liúxíngxìng gǎnmào,
										liúgǎn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">流行性感冒，流感</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> flu </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shíwù
										zhòngdú</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">食物中毒</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> food poisoning </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">霉</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> fungus </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>zhìchuāng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">痔疮</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> hemorrhoids </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎnyán</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肝炎</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> hepatitis </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shàn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">疝</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> hernia </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiāohuà bù
										liáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">消化不良</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> indigestion </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fāyán</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">发炎</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> inflamed </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>yánzhèng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">炎症</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> inflammation </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mázhěn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">麻疹</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> measles </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shénjīng
										jǐnzhāng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">神经紧张</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> nervous tension </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fèiyán</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肺炎</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> pneumonia </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>fēngshī</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">风湿</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> rheumatism </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>zhòngfēng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">中风</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> stroke </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shàihóng
										le</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">晒红了</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> sunburn </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shài tuō pí
										le</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">晒脱皮了</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> skin peeling </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiào tàiyang
										shàide</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">*太阳色的</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> red </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>zhòngshǔ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">中暑</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> sunstroke </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>biǎntáoxiànyán</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">扁桃腺炎</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> tonsillitis </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>wèikuìyáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胃溃疡</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> ulcer (gastric) </entry>
							</row>

						</tbody>
					</tgroup>
				</informaltable></para>
		</section>
		<section>
			<title>Furniture and Household Items</title>
			<para>
				<informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
					<tgroup cols="3">
						<colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="4.0*"/>
						<tbody>

							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>bīngxiāng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">冰箱</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> refrigerator </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chāzuò</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">插座</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> (electrical) outlet </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chōushuǐ
										mǎtǒng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">抽水马桶</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> flush toilet </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chōutì</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">抽屉</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> drawer </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">床</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> bed </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>chuānglián</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">床帘</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> curtain </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dēng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">灯</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> light, lamp </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dèngzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">凳子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> stool </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">diàndēng
										kāiguān</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">电灯开关</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> light switch </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>diànhuà</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">电话</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> telephone </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>diànlúzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">电炉子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> electric stove; electric heater </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>diànshàn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">电扇</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> electric fan </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dìtǎn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">地毯</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> carpet, rug </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guìzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">柜子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> cabinet </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>hōnggānjī</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">烘干机</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> dryer </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jìngzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">镜子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> mirror </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lājī; lèsè
										(Taiwan)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">垃圾</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> garbage </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lājītǒng; lèsètǒng
										(Taiwan)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">垃圾桶</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> garbage pail </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lājíxiāng; lèsèxiāng
										(Taiwan)</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">垃圾箱</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> garbage can </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>lěngqìjī</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">冷气机</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> air conditioner </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lúzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">炉子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> stove </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">sàozhou,
										sàobǎ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">扫帚，扫把</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> broom </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shāfā</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">沙发</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> sofa </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shuǐchízi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">水池子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> kitchen sink </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shuǐlóngtóu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">水龙头</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> faucet, tap </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shūjiàzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">书架子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> bookshelf </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tuōbǎ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">拖把</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> mop </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>xǐchénqì</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">吸尘器</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> vacuum cleaner </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>xiězìtái</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">写字台</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> desk </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>xǐliǎnpén</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗脸盆</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> (bathroom) sink, washstand </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐyǐjī</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗衣机</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> washing machine </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>xǐzāopén</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗澡盆</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> bathtub </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǐzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">椅子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> chair </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yùndǒu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">熨斗</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> iron </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhuōzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">桌子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> table </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>zìzhǐlǒu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">字纸篓 </foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> wastepaner basket </entry>
							</row>

						</tbody>
					</tgroup>
				</informaltable></para>
		</section>
		<section>
			<title>Parts of the House</title>
			<para>
				<informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
					<tgroup cols="3">
						<colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*"/>
						<colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="4.0*"/>
						<tbody>

							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bìchú</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">壁橱</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> closet </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cèsuǒ</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">厕所</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> toilet </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">céng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">层</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> floor, story </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>chuānghu</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">窗户</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> window </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>chúfáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">厨房</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> kitchen </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dì</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">地</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> floor </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dìbǎn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">地板</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> wooden floor </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>dìxiàshì</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">地下室</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> basement </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>fángdǐng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">房顶</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> roof </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>fángjiān</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">房间</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> room </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>fàntīng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">饭厅</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> dining room </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kètīng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">客厅</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> living room </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lóutī</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">楼梯</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> stairs </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mén</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">门</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> door </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qiáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">墙</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> wall </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>shūfáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">书房</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> study, library </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>tiānhuābǎn</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">天花板</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> ceiling </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>wèishēngjiān</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">卫生间</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> toilet, bathroom </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wòfáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">卧房</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> bedroom </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wòshì</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">卧室</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> bedroom </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wūzi</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">屋子</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> room </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>xǐzǎofáng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗澡房</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> bathroom </entry>
							</row>
							<row>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
										>zǒuláng</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry>
									<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">走廊</foreignphrase>
								</entry>
								<entry> corridor, hall </entry>
							</row>

						</tbody>
					</tgroup>
				</informaltable></para>
		</section>
	</section>
	<section>
		<title>Module Vocabulary List</title>
		<para>
			<informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
				<tgroup cols="3">
					<colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*"/>
					<colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*"/>
					<colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="4.0*"/>
					<tbody>

						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">āiyō</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">哎哟</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> ouch; oh dear </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ànmó</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">按摩</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> massage </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">āsīpīlín</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">阿司匹林</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> aspirin </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Āyí</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">阿姨</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> auntie </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bāng máng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">帮忙</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to help, to aid, to assist </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bào</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">抱</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to hold, to embrace </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">báo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">薄</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be thin; to be light (of clothing) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bèi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">背</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> back </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bèi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">被</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> by (indicates the one who carries out the action in a passive
								sentence) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
									>biǎntáoxiànyán</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">扁桃腺炎</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> tonsillitis </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
									>biǎntáoxiàn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">扁桃腺</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> tonsils </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bìchú</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">壁橱</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> closet </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bīngxiāng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">冰箱</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> refrigerator </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bízi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">鼻子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> nose </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bózi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脖子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> neck </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-buliǎo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不了</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> unable to ... (verb ending) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bú yào</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不要</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> don’t </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cā</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">擦</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to rub, to wipe </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">céng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">层</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> floor, story </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cèsuǒ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">厕所</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> toilet </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chángcháng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">常常</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> often </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chángzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肠子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> intestines </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cháng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">常</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> often </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cháng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">长</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be long </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">cháoshǐ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">潮湿</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be humid </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chāzuò</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">插座</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> (electrical) outlet </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chá</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">茶</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> tea </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chèngli</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">城里</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> in the city </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chéng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">城</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> city, town </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chènshān</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">衬衫</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> shirt, blouse </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chǐcun
									(chǐcùn)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">尺寸</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> measurement; size </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chī fàn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">吃饭</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to eat </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chī</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">吃</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to take (medicine) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chōujīn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">抽筋</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> cramp </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chōushuǐ
									mǎtǒng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">抽水马桶</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> flush toilet </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chōutì</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">抽屉</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> drawer </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuānghu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">窗户</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> window </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuānglián</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">床帘</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> curtain </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">床</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> bed </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuān</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">穿</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to put on, to wear </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chúfáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">厨房</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> kitchen </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chúfáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">厨房</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> kitchen </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuí bèi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">捶背</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to pound (someone’s) back </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chuīgān</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">吹干</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to blow-dry (with a dryer) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">chūntiān
									(chūntian)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">春天</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> spring </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dàbiàn bù
									tōng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">大便不通</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be constipated </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dàbiàn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">大便</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> bowel movement </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dǎ diànhuà</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">打电话</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to make a phone call, to telephone </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dàifu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">大夫</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> doctor </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dài</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">带</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to bring, to take with one </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dài</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">带</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to lead, to take </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dài</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">戴</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to put on, to wear (glasses, gloves, a hat, a watch, jewelry,
								etc.) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dǎkai</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">打开</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to open </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dàtuǐ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">大腿</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> thigh </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dàyī</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">大衣</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> overcoat </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dèngzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">凳子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> stool </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dēng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">灯</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> light, lamp </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">diàndēng
									kāiguān</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">电灯开关</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> light switch </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">diànhuà</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">电话</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> telephone, telephone call </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">diànhuà</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">电话</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> telephone </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">diànlúzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">电炉子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> electric stove; electric heater </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">diànshàn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">电扇</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> electric fan </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dìbǎn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">地板</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> wooden floor </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-dǐng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"/>
							</entry>
							<entry> (counter for hats) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dìqū</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">地区</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> area, region </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dìtǎn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">地毯</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> carpet, rug </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">diū</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">丟</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to lose </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dìxiàshì</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">地下室</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> basement </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dī</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">低</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be low </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dì</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">地</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> floor </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dòngbuliǎo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">东不了</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> unable to move </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dōngtiān
									(dōngtian)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">冬天</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> winter </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dòng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">动</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to move </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duàn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">断</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to sever, to break </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duǎn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">短</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be short </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
									>duì...guòmǐn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">对。。。过敏</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> allergic to... </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dùzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肚子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> belly, abdomen, stomach </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-dù</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-度</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> degree (e.g., on a thermometer) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ěrduo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">耳朵</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> ear </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fángdǐng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">房顶</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> roof </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fángjiān</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">房间</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> room </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fángjiān</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">房间</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> room </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fàntīng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">饭厅</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> dining room </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fàntīng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">饭厅</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> dining room </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fānyì</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">翻译</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to interpret, to translate </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fāshāo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">发烧</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to have a fever </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fāxiàn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">发现</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to discover </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fāyán</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">发炎</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> inflamed </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fèiyán</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肺炎</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> pneumonia </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fèi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肺</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> lung </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fěngjǐng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">风景</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> scenery </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fēngshī</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">风湿</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> rheumatism </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fēng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">风</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> wind </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fēn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">分</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> one tenth of a Chinese inch (cùn) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fù(bù)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">腹部</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> abdomen </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fùjìn
									(fùjìn)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">附近</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> area, neighborhood </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fùnü</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">妇女</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> women </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
									>fúzhuāngdiàn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">服装店</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> clothing store </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gànbufú</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">干部服</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> cadre suit </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gānjing</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">干净</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be clean </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎnmào, shāngfēng,
									zhāoliáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">感冒，伤风，着凉</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> cold </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎnmào</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">感冒</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to catch cold; a cold </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎnyán</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肝炎</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> hepatitis </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gānzàng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肝脏</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> liver </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎo
									wèishēng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">搞卫生</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to do cleaning </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gǎo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">搞</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to do, to engage in </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gēbei, gēbo,
									shǒubì</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胳臂，胳膊，手臂</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> arm </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
									>gēbeizhǒu(r)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胳膊肘</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> elbow </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Góng’ānjú</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">公安局</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> Bureau of Public Security (PRC) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gōngyùlóu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">公寓楼</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> apartment building </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gōngyù</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">公寓</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> apartment building; apartment </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gòu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">够</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be enough </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guā húzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">刮胡子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to shave (the beard) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guǎnjiéyán</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">关节炎</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> arthritis </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guānjié</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">关节</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> joint </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guā</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">刮</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to blow (of wind, typhoons, etc.) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guā</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">刮</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to scrape </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guìzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">柜子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> cabinet </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
									>guòmǐnzhèng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">过敏症</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> allergy </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gútou,
									gǔtou</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">骨头</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> bone </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gútou</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">骨头</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> bone </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gùyì</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">故意</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> intentionally, willfully, on purpose </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hǎibiān(r)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">海边（儿）</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> seashore </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hàn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">和</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> and (Taiwan pronunciation) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hǎoxiàng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">好像</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to seem (to be), to appear that </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Héběi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">河北</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> north of the (Yellow) river </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hénán</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">河南</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> south of the (Yellow) river </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">héshì</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">合适</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to fit; to be suitable </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hé</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">和</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> and </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hē</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">喝</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to drink </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hé</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">河</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> river </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hōnggānjī</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">烘干机</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> dryer </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hóulóng
									(hóulong)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">喉咙</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> throat </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hóulong</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">喉咙</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> throat </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hòu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">厚</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be thick; to be heavy (of clothing) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">huài</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">坏</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be bad; to go bad, to break </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">huánjìng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">环境</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> environment </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Húběi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">湖北</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> north of the (Dòngtíng) lake </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Húnán</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">湖南</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> south of the (Dòngtíng) lake </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">huòluàn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">霍乱</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> cholera </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">húzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胡子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> beard OR mustache </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hú</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">湖</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> lake </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiákè(r) OR
									jiākè(r)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">夹克</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> jacket </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiānbǎng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肩膀</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> shoulder </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiàn, jīn
									(colloquial)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">腱，肌</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> tendon </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-jiàn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-件</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> (counter for clothing) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiǎn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">减</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to cut (with scissors) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-jiān</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-间</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> (counter for rooms) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiǎogēn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脚跟</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> heel </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiào tàiyang
									shàide</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">*太阳色的</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> red </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiǎowànzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脚腕子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> ankle </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiǎozhítou,
									jiǎozhǐ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脚趾头，脚趾</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> toe </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiào</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">叫</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to tell/ask (someone to do something) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiǎo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脚</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> foot </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiàshǐ
									zhízhào</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">驾驶执照</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> driver’s license </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiàshǐ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">驾驶</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> driver, pilot; to drive, to pilot </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jílianggǔ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脊梁骨</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> spine </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jǐngchájú</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">警察局</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> police station </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jǐngchá</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">警察</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> policeman </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jìngzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">镜子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> mirror </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jīròu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肌肉</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> muscle </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiùhùchē</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">救护车</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> ambulance </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-juǎn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">卷</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> reel (of recording tape); to curl, to roll up </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">juǎn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">卷</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to curl, to roll up </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">juéde</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">觉得</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to feel </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jūnshì</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">军事</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> military </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kāi dāo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"/>
							</entry>
							<entry> to operate; to be operated on </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kāishǐ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">开始</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to begin, to start </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kāishuǐ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">开水</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> boiled water </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kāi
									yàofāng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">开药方</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to write a prescription </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kàn bìng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">看病</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to have an illness treated/diagnosed </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kàn dàifu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">看大夫</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to see a doctor </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kān</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">看</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to look after, to watch over </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">késou</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">咳嗽</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to cough </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kètīng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">客厅</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> living room </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kètīng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">客厅</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> living room </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kōngqì
									(kōngqi)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">空气</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> air </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kōngqì
									wūrǎn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">空气污染</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> air pollution </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kǒudài</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">口袋</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> pocket </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">kùzi
									(yìtiāo)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">裤子（一条）</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> pants </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lā dùzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">拉肚子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to have diarrhea </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lājī; lèsè
									(Taiwan)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">垃圾</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> garbage </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lājītǒng; lèsètǒng
									(Taiwan)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">垃圾桶</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> garbage pail </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lājíxiāng; lèsèxiāng
									(Taiwan)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">垃圾箱</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> garbage can </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lánwěiyán</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">appendicitis</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> appendicitis </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lánwěi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">阑尾</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> appendix </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lèigǔ,
									lègǔ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肋骨</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> rib </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lěngqìjī</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">冷气机</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> air conditioner </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lěng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">冷</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be cold </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liǎngbiān</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">两边</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> both sides, two sides </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liángkuai</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">凉快</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be cool </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liáng
									tǐwēn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">量体温</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to take a person’s temperature </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-liàng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-辆</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> (counter for vehicles) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">量</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to measure </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">量</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to measure </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liǎn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脸</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> face (of a person) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liǎn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脸</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> face </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liàozi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">料子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> material, fabric </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lìhai</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">厉害</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be severe, to be fierce </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">líkāi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">离开</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to leave </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lǐng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">领</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to collect, to pick up (something which is issued) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liú húzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">留胡子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to grow a beard or mustache </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liúxíngxìng gǎnmào,
									liúgǎn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">流行性感冒，流感</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> flu </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liúxíngxìng
									gǎnmào</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">流行性感冒</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> influenza, flu </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liú xuě (xiě,
									xuè)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">流血</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to bleed </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liú</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">留</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to remain, to stay; to keep, to save; to grow, to let grow; to
								leave </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lóutī</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">楼梯</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> stairs </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lùbiān(r)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">路边</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> side of the road </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lùyīndài</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">录音带</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> recording tape </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lùyīnjī</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">录音机</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> tape recorder </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lúzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">炉子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> stove </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">máfan</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">麻烦</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be troublesome, to be a bother; bother, trouble </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mǎlù</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">马路</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> street, avenue (paved) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">máoyī</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">毛衣</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> sweater </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">màozi
									(yìdǐng)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">帽子（一顶）</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> hat </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mǎshàng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">马上</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> immediately </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mázhěn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">麻疹</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> measles </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méimao</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">眉毛</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> eyebrow </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi shì
									(le)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">没事了</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> everything is all right (now); there is no (further) business
							</entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi wèntí</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">没问题</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> no problem </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">霉</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> fungus </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mén</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">门</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> door </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mián’āo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">棉袄</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> cotton-padded jacket </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">miànjiá,
									sāi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">面颊，腮</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> cheek </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mótuōchē
									(mōtuōchē)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">摩托车</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> motorcycle </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mǔzhǐ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">拇指</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> thumb </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǎo(zi)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脑（子）</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> brain </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nà</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> then, in that case </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèikē
									yīshēng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">内科医生</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> internist, physician </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèikē</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">内科</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> internal medicine, general medicine; department of internal
								medicine </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèikù</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">内裤</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> underpants </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèiyī</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">内衣</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> underwear (undershirts, undershorts, briefs, slips, bras, etc.);
								just undershirt (when used in contrast to nèikù, underpants)
							</entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nílóng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">尼龙</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> nylon </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">niúnǎi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">牛奶</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> (cow’s) milk </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nòng
									gānjing</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">弄干净</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to clean up </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nóngzhǒng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脓肿</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> abscess </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nòng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">弄</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to do, to handle, to manage, to make </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nuǎnhuo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">暖和</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be warm </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">páizi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">牌子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> sign, poster, plate; brand name, trade mark </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">pífu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">皮肤</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> skin </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">pìgǔ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">屁股</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> buttocks </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">píngcháng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">平常</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> usually, generally, ordinarily </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">píxié</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">皮鞋</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> leather shoes </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">pò</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">破</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be worn out; to break, to tear </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qiáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">墙</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> wall </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
									>qìchuǎnbìng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">气喘病</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> asthma </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qìhòu
									(qìhou)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">气候</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> climate </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qǐngjìng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">请静</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be quiet </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qíng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">清</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be clear </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qípáo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">旗袍</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> close-fitting woman’s dress with high neck and slit skirt;
								cheongsam </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qiūtiān
									(qiūtian)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">秋天</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> fall, autumn </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qí</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">骑</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to ride by straddling </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qúnzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">裙子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> skirt </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qù</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">去</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to go </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ràng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">让</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to let, to allow, to cause someone to do something </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">rénkǒu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">人口</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> population </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">rè</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">热</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be hot </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">rǔfáng, nǎi,
									rǔ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">乳房，奶，乳</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> breast </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">sàozhou,
									sàobǎ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">扫帚，扫把</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> broom </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">sēnlín</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">森林</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> forest </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shāfā</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">沙发</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> sofa </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shàihóng
									le</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">晒红了</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> sunburn </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shài tuō pí
									le</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">晒脱皮了</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> skin peeling </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shāndōng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">山东</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> east of the (Tàiháng) mountains </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shàngyī</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">上衣</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> upper garment </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shānxǐ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">陕西</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> west of the (Tàiháng) mountains </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shān</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">山</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> mountain </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shàn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">疝</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> hernia </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shāohǎole</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">烧好了</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to have heated up; to have finished cooking </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shǎo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">少</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be few; seldom </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shāo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">烧</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to heat; to cook </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shéi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">谁</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> someone </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shēnbàodān</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">申报单</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> customs declaration (form) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shēnbào</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">申报</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to declare, to report </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shēng bìng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">生病</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to get sick, to become ill </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shēng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">生</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to develop (as in shēng bìng) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shénjīng
									jǐnzhāng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">神经紧张</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> nervous tension </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shénjīng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">神经</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> nerve </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shénmeyàng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">什么样</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> like what, what kind </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shēnshang</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">身上</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> on one’s body </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shèn(zàng)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">肾（脏）</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> kidney </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shétou</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">舌头</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> tongue </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shìqing</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">事情</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> matter, affair, business, thing </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shíwù
									zhòngdú</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">食物中毒</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> food poisoning </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shì(yi)shi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">试一试</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to give it a try </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shì</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">试</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to try </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shǒushi
									(shǒushì)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">首饰</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> jewelry </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shōushi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">收拾</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to tidy up </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shǒuzhítou,
									shǒuzhǐtou</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">手指头</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> finger </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shǒu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">手</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> hand </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-shuāng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-双</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> pair </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuā yà</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">刷牙</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to brush one’s teeth </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuā</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">刷</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to brush </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shūbāo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">书包</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> book bag, tote bag, carryall </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shūfáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">书房</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> study, library </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shūfáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">书房</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> study (room) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shūfu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">舒服</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be comfortable </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuǐchízi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">水池子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> kitchen sink </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuì jiào</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">睡觉</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to sleep </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
									>shuǐlóngtóu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">水龙头</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> faucet, tap </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuì
									wǔjiào</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">睡午觉</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to take a noontime nap </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuìyī
									(yítào)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">睡衣（一套）</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> pajamas; nightgown </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuǐ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">水</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> water </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shūjiàzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">书架子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> bookshelf </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shūshu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">叔叔</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> uncle </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shū tóu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">梳头</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to brush or comb hair </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-sǐle</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">死了</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> like crazy, to death (state verb ending) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">táifēng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">台风</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> typhoon </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tái</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">抬</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to carry (by two or more people) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
									>tángniàobìng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">糖尿病</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> diabetes </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tàng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">烫</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to get a permanent </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tǎng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">躺</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to lie, to recline </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-tào</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-套</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> (counter for suits, sets of things) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">téngsǐ le</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">疼死了</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to hurt like crazy, to hurt to death (figuratively) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">téng
									(tòng)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">疼</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to hurt, to ache </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tiānhuābǎn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">天花板</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> ceiling </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tiānqì
									(tiānqi)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">天气</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> weather </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tiān</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">天</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> sky, heaven </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-tiáo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-条</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> (counter for long, winding things; counter for pants, translated
								“pair”) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tīngshuō</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">听说</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to hear that, to hear it said </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tǐwēn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">体温</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> (body) temperature </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tóufa</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">头发</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> hair (on the head) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tóu téng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">头疼</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to have a headache; headache </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tóu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">头</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> head </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tóu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">头</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> head </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tuǐ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">腿</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> leg </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tuí</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">腿</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> leg </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tuōbǎ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">拖把</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> mop </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tuōxié</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">拖鞋</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> slippers </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tuō</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">脱</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to take off (clothing) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tù</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">吐</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to vomit </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàiguó</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">外国</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> foreign country </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàikē
									yīshēng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">外科医生</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> surgeon </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàikē</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">外科</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> surgical department </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàishì</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">外事</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> foreign affairs </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàitào(r)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">外套</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> coat, jacket (that extends below the waist) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">忘</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to forget </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wànzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">腕子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> wrist </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wàzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">袜子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> socks </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wèibìng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胃病</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> stomach trouble, gastric disease </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wèi; dùzi </foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胃，肚子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> stomach (belly) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wèikuìyáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胃溃疡</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> ulcer (gastric) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
									>wèishēngjiān</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">卫生间</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> toilet, bathroom </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wéixiǎn
									(wēixiǎn)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">危险</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be dangerous, to be perilous, danger </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wèi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胃</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> stomach </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wēndù</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">温度</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> temperature </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wèntí</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">问题</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> question, problem </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wòfáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">卧房</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> bedroom </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wòfáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">卧房</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> bedroom </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wòshì</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">卧室</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> bedroom </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wòshì</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">卧室</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> bedroom </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wūrǎn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">污染</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> pollution </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wūzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">屋子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> room </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wūzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">屋子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> room </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiàba</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">下巴</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> chin </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎng tù</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"/>
							</entry>
							<entry> to feel nauseous </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiāngxià
									(xiāngxià)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">乡下</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to he in the country, the countryside </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiāngzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">箱子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> suitcase, box </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">想</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to miss, to think of </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎoběnzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">小本子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> small notebook </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎobiàn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">小便</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to urinate; urination </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiāohuà bù
									liáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">消化不良</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> indigestion </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎoxīn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">小心</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be careful, to take care </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiàtiān
									(xiàtiān)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">夏天</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> summer </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xià xuě</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">下雪</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to snow </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xià yǔ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">下雨</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to rain </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐchénqì</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">吸尘器</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> vacuum cleaner </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiè dù(zi)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">泻肚（子）</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to have diarrhea </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiě, xuě,
									xuè</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">血</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> blood </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiězìtái</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">写字台</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> desk </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xié</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">鞋</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> shoe </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xīgài</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">膝盖</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> knee </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐliǎnpén</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗脸盆</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> (bathroom) sink, washstand </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">醒</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to wake up </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xīnxiān
									(xīnxian)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">新鲜</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> fresh </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xīnzàng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">心脏</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> heart </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiōngbù,
									xiōngtáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">胸部，胸膛</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> chest </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐ tóu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗头</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to shampoo, to get a shampoo </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐyǐjī</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗衣机</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> washing machine </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐzǎofáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗澡房</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> bathroom </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐzǎofáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗澡房</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> bathroom </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐzāopén</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗澡盆</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> bathtub </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐzǎo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗澡</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to take a bath </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xīzhuāng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">西装</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> Western-style clothes; Western-style suit </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xǐ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">洗</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to wash </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xuěguǎn(r)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">血管</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> blood vessel </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xuěyā dī</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">低血压</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> low blood pressure </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xuěyā gāo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">血压高</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> high blood pressure, hypertension </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xuěyā</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">血压</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> blood pressure </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xūyào</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">需要</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to need, to require </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yáchuáng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">牙床</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> gums </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yágāo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">牙膏</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> toothpaste </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yàngzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">样子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> appearance; shape, form; style, design; pattern </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǎnjìng(r)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">眼睛</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> glasses (spectacles) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǎnjīng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">眼睛</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> eye </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yánzhèng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">炎症</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> inflammation </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǎnzhūzi (colloquial),
									yǎnqiú</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">眼珠子，眼球</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> eyeball </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yàoburán</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">要不然</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> otherwise, or else </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yàofāng(r)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">药方</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> prescription </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yào</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">药</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> medicine </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yào</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">要</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> should; must; it is necessary, to need to </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yá, yáchǐ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">牙，牙齿</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> tooth </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yá</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">牙</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> tooth, teeth </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yídìng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">一定</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> certainly, surely, for sure </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yīfu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">衣服</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> clothes </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yīshēng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">医生</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> doctor </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yīyuàn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">医院</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> hospital </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǐzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">椅子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> chair </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yòng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">用</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to use </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu(de)
									shíhou</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">有的时候</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> sometimes </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu shì</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">有事</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be occupied, to be busy, to have things to do </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu
									(yì)diǎn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">有（一）点</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> a little bit, somewhat </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yóuyǒng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">游泳</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to swim </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yóu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">油</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> oil, grease </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yùbeihǎo
									le</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">预备好了</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to have prepared </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yùbei</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">预备</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to prepare </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yùndǒu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">熨斗</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> iron </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yūn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">晕</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to be dizzy </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǔxié</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">雨鞋</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> rain shoes; rubbers, galoshes </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǔyī</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">雨衣</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> raincoat </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yùyuē</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">预约</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to make an appointment (PRC) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zāogāo</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">糟糕</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> oh no! how awful! how terrible! what a mess!; to be awful
							</entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhāojí</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">着急</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to get upset, to be anxious, to be worried </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
									>zhàoxiàngjǐ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">照相机</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> camera </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhào xiàng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">照相</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to take a picture </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhào</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">照</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> according to </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhēnjiū
									(zhēnjiǔ)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">针灸</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> acupuncture and moxibustion </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-zhe</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">-着 </foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> marker of duration for actions and states </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhìchuāng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">痔疮</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> hemorrhoids </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhījia,
									zhǐjiǎ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">指甲</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> fingernail </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhīpiàoběn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">支票本</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> checkbook </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhīpiào</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">支票</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> check (as in personal check) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhòngfēng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">中风</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> stroke </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhòngshǔ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">中暑</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> sunstroke </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-zhǒng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">一种车</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> kind, sort </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhuàng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">撞</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to bump into, to run into, to collide with </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhuōzi</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">桌子</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> table </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhùyì
									(zhùyi)</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">注意</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to pay attention, to take notice </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zìjǐ</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">自己</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> self, oneself (myself, yourself, etc.) </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zìzhǐlǒu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">字纸篓 </foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> wastepaner basket </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zǒuláng</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">走廊</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> corridor, hall </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zūchūqu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">租出去</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to rent out </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuǐchún</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">嘴唇</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> lip </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuī, kǒu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">嘴，口</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> mouth </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuì</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">最</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> most, -est </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuò fàn</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">做饭 </foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to cook </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuò tòufa</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">做头发</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to do one’s hair, to have one’s hair done </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuǒyòu</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">左右</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> approximately, about </entry>
						</row>
						<row>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuò</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry>
								<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">做</foreignphrase>
							</entry>
							<entry> to make; to have made </entry>
						</row>

					</tbody>
				</tgroup>
			</informaltable></para>
	</section>
</chapter>