FSI-German/FSI-German-Basic-Course.xml.old

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    xml:lang="en">
    <info>
        <title>GERMAN Basic Course</title>
        <subtitle>UNITS 1 - 12</subtitle>
        <author>
            <orgname>Foreign Service Institute</orgname>
        </author>
    </info>
    <colophon>
        <title/>
        <para/>
    </colophon>
    <preface>
        <title>Preface</title>
        <para> This Basic Course in German has been designed to assist United States Government
            representatives who require a command of spoken German. The general concept of this text
            has grown out of the plan of Spoken Language courses prepared under the auspices of the
            American Council of Learned Societies during World War II. But pattern drills and other
            exercises have been developed extensively at the Foreign Service Institute to provide a
            much fuller manipulation of forms and patterns, and a conscious attempt has been made to
            adapt situations and vocabulary to specific needs of the Foreign Service. And the course
            is intended to lay a solid foundation for comprehensive language skills, providing
            systematically for the development of reading proficiency based on oral- aural skills. </para>
        <para>This text is the end-product of several years of work and has benefited from the
            labors of many members and former members of the FSI staff. In its present form it was
            prepared under the supervision of Or. Samuel A. Brown, who has had overall
            responsibility for the arrangement of situation­al material and for the organization and
            presentation of structural features. Particular credit for the dialogs and much of the
            drill material goes to Mrs. Use Christoph. Mrs. Christoph has been assisted by Mrs.
            Maria-Luise Bissonnette, Mr Friedrich Lehmann, Mr. Gerhard Matzel, Mrs. Margarete
            Plischke and Mrs. Erika Quaid. A most valuable contribution was also made by Mrs. Quaid
            in preparing the major part of the typescript, assisted by Miss Geneviève Ducastel. The
            project has been a cooperative venture, however, and all members of the German staff
            have contributed freely the fruit of their classroom experience and the gifts of their
            imagination and insight.<inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                    <imagedata fileref="Images/Fsi-GermanBasicCourse-Volume1-StudentText-4.png"/>
                </imageobject>
            </inlinemediaobject></para>
        <para> H. E. Sollenberger Dean, School of Languages Foreign Service Institute</para>
    </preface>
    <preface>
        <title>Introduction</title>
        <para> AIM </para>
        <para>It is the aim of the course to provide the student with a useful control of the
            structure of the spoken language and of a basic vocabulary which meets at least some of
            the specialized needs of the Foreign Service. After completion of the basic course the
            Foreign Service Officer should be able to make limited practical use of the language in
            his official duties and social obligations. He will furthermore have the means, given
            the proper surroundings and personal motivation, for continued rapid and efficient
            development of proficiency. </para>
        <para>MATERIALS </para>
        <para>The materials in this first volume of the text are organized into twelve lessons or
            units. Each unit contains a set of basic sentences for memorization. These are in the
            form of a dialog based on one or sometimes two specific situations in which a person
            might find himself in Germany. Notes to the basic sentences are provided as necessary to
            clarify occasional difficulties in vocabulary and idiom and to provide additional
            background on some cultural features unfamiliar to Americans. Notes on pronunciation are
            included in each of the first eight units. Phonological features which have been found
            to be particularly difficult for American students are here presented with explanations
            and pronunciation practice drills. The notes on grammar in each unit single out those
            structural features illustrated in the basic sentences which are appropriate for
            systematic consideration at that stage in the course. Substitution drills provide for
            the manipulation of forms by substituting specific items in fixed sentence frames. They
            are in­tended to build habits of association, so that in a given syntactic environment
            the appropriate grammatical form automatically comes to mind. As the German vocabulary
            is all familiar, no English equivalents are given in these drills. Variation drills
            provide for the manipulation of larger syntactic patterns. In each group a model
            sentence, underscored, serves as a guide. Associated with it are additional sentences
            incorporating the same syntactic pattern but in which most of the individual word items
            have been replaced. English equivalents are given to serve as cues for recall of the
            German variant sentences. Vocabulary drills provide both practice in the use of new
            vocabulary items and also allow for manipulation of sentence elements whose particular
            form and arrangement depends upon their association with that vocabulary item. The
            manipulation of both variation and vocabulary drills depends on the use of English
            equivalents. Specific translation drills are also provided, however. In most cases they
            present the material of the basic dialog in the form of a narrative. They thus provide
            content review of the basic sentences and practice in the transformation from active
            dialog to descriptive narration. The response drills are question and answer drills on
            the situations of the basic dialogs. Conversation practice and additional situations in
            out­line bridge the gap to free conversation with small pieces of supplementary dialog
            for acting out and situations providing for a freer play of the student's imagination.
            The finder list in each unit notes all new vocabulary which has been presented. </para>
        <para>METHOD AND PROCEDURE </para>
        <para>This is a course in Spoken German; the forms and patterns of the language are
            intentionally colloquial. The emphasis in instruction is everywhere on speech, and an
            indispensable component of the learning process is the voice of a tutor, or instructor,
            whose native language is German. On no account should the student attempt to use these
            materials without either a native instructor or recordings of a native instructor's
            voice. The method of instruction incorporates guided imitation. repetition,
            memorization, pattern practice. and conversation. </para>
        <para>Working under the supervision of a linguist the tutor's role is to serve as a model
            for speech and to guide the student to accurate imitation by constant repetition and
            correction. The student's Job is to watch and listen to the tutor carefully and to
            imitate as exactly as he can the sounds which he hears. He must be prepared for constant
            cor­rection and repetition. Each time however the instructor will give him a model to
            follow by repeating the item first. The student should never attempt to read from his
            text but should always wait until he hears the word or utterance as the tutor speaks it
            for him. As far as possible he should leave his book closed during the presentation of
            new dialog material and keep his eyes on the tutor, students will be asked to repeat in
            chorus and individually and will be expected to re­peat many, many times, even when
            their imitation has been good and accurate. Only by constant repetition after an
            authentic model for speech can habitual fluent and accurate reproduction of the sounds
            and forms of the foreign language be achieved. </para>
        <para>The basic sentences are preceded by "build-ups" giving the com­ponent parts of the
            utterance separately. Each new item which is introduced appears first as a build-up. The
            tutor will ask the students to repeat the build-ups separately first, then combined into
            larger units and finally the complete new sentence or utterance. The basic sentences are
            sub-divided into numbered sections, each to be treated as a unit, repeated in chorus and
            individually, with and with­out build-ups, until the students' imitation is
            satisfactory. Then a new section may be begun. The time required to cover each section
            in this way will differ widely depending on the size and ability of the class. After
            acceptable imitation and accurate pronunciation has been achieved in one or more
            sections they are assigned for memorization outside of class or repeated in class until
            memorized. The student should be able to give either the German sentence or its English
            equivalent on request or switch from one to the other and back again. The tutor will
            drill by repeating each sentence for each student in the class, then by giving each
            student a different sentence, repeating it for him first, and finally asking the
            students to recite the sentences in order, the first student the first sentence, the
            second student the second sentence, etc., without receiving a cue from the instructor.
            Repetition outside of class, preferably using recorded materials as a guide, should be
            continued to the point of over-learning. The student should not only be able to give the
            correct German sentence immediately upon hearing an English equivalent, at random
            selection, he should also be able to give the correct German sentence with equal ease
            and speed of response upon hearing its German cue. As a final step the students are
            expected to act out the basic dialog in entirety from memory, with the tutor or with
            other students. Only when the basic sentences have been mastered to this extent can they
            be considered to provide an adequate basis for control of the spoken language. It should
            be noted at this point that the English text accompanying the basic sentences is not
            primarily a translation but rather a set of conversational equivalents. Many apparent
            discrepancies will be found if the student, or the tutor, looks for word-for-word
            correspondence between the English and German text. It does not exist. Rather, in such
            and such a situation this is what is said in German and this is what is said in English. </para>
        <para>The pronunciation practice drills are to be taken up after the presentation of the
            basic sentences has been completed and memorization has been started. Items are arranged
            in groups according to the particular phonological feature concerned. Words in vertical
            columns present the same phonological feature in different environments. Several columns
            in a practice group contain related phonological features or related phonological
            environments in which the same feature recurs. Words are to be repeated first in chorus
            and then individually by each student after the tutor, at first following the vertical
            columns and later, for variation and comparison, horizontally across the page.
            Particular attention should be paid to items in contrast. These are minimum meaningfully
            distinctive sound patterns, accurate control of which is important for communication and
            comprehension. Contrasting word pairs are linked by a dash, and after separate practice
            for accuracy the items should be repeated by pairs to bring out the exact distinctions
            between them. </para>
        <para>The notes on grammar are earmarked for home study. After each unit has been started
            and the first hour or more has been spent in class on repetition of the basic sentences
            the student should read through the grammar notes to acquaint himself with the
            grammatical points presented in that unit. During the whole time a particular unit is
            being worked on in class the student should continue to study the grammar section. Many
            questions which he may feel tempted to raise in class will be found to be answered in
            the notes on grammar. The tutor is specifically requested not to discuss the language
            with his students, and the students are asked not to ply him with questions. Time in
            class is to be spent using and manipulating the language and not in talking about it. In
            each unit one or more grammatical features are presented, and the basic sentences have
            been designed, as far as is possible consistent with natural expression, to incorporate
            and illustrate those features. Each point of grammar discussed is illustrated by
            sentences which are natural utterances in the language. They are taken in nearly every
            case from the basic sentences of the current or preceding units. Thus the examples are
            already familiar to the student, and the patterns they contain, which will be drilled
            and practiced in the sections to follow, are patterns which the student has already
            begun to assimilate by memorizing the sentences of the dialog. </para>
        <para>After the basic sentences of a unit have all been repeated several times and
            memorization has been well begun, work can be started on the drills. The material is
            designed to provide a maximum of additional experience in using the forms and patterns
            of the language learned in the basic sentences. It is not assumed, however, that the
            learner is automatically able to transfer the experience gained in the basic sentences
            to error-free manipulation of these forms and patterns. The drills are by no means a
            test of what the student can do with the elements given him. It is a matter of no great
            importance whether he can or cannot "figure them out" by himself. The goal is to learn
            to speak the language accurately and fluently, and this aim can only be achieved by
            correct repetition of the forms and patterns involved. Therefore all the sentences in
            each drill group are first to be repeated after the tutor in their correct form. The
            tutor then cues each student in turn for repetition of one of the drill sentences until
            all students have given all sentences correctly. </para>
        <para>In the substitution drills the model sentence and all its variants are first repeated
            in chorus after the tutor. He then gives the model sentence again, the class repeats it
            in chorus, after which each student is cued individually with an item to be substituted
            and repeats the sentence with the substitution called for. in some cases the cue is the
            exact form which fits into the sentence. In some cases a cue is given which requires the
            student to choose the proper form to fit the syntactic environment of the model.
            Regardless of which type of cue is given or how simple or complex the exercise may
            appear to be, the student's task is to make the substitution without hesitation and to
            repeat the sentence accurately at normal conversational speed. Although no English
            equivalents are given in the substitution drills and the first task is rapid, fluent and
            accurate manipulation of the material in German. the tutor may ask for spot translations
            into English here and there, and on the second or third repetition of the drill he may
            give English equivalents as word or sentence cues in place of the German cues provided. </para>
        <para> In most of the variation drills and in all of the vocabulary drills the cues take the
            form of equivalent English sentences. Basic procedure remains the same as in the
            substitution drills. All sentences in a given variation or vocabulary group are first
            repeated after the tutor in their correct form. The tutor then gives the pattern
            sentence again, and the students repeat it in chorus, after which they are required
            individually to recall and repeat the correct German sentences for which an English
            equivalent is given. Students may work with their books open here, covering up the
            right-hand side of the page on Which the German sentences are printed and taking their
            cues from the English sentences on the left-hand side of the page. </para>
        <para>Conversion drills require the conversion of one or more elements in a sentence from
            one form to another - singular to plural, present tense to past tense, etc. No English
            is provided for these sentences as a rule. However, as in the substitution drills the
            tutor may ask for a random spot translation into English, and he may go through the
            drill a second or third time giving English sentence cues for which the student gives
            the German equivalent. </para>
        <para>Translation and response drills, as noted above, are in most cases directly related to
            the basic sentences. In translation drills the procedure is similar to that followed in
            variation and vocabulary drills. Students may work with their books open, covering the
            German text and reading the English sentences themselves, or if preferred, books may be
            left closed while the tutor gives the English equivalents. In the response drills it is
            often appropriate for the tutor to address two or three questions to the same student
            and then two or three more to the next, so that the drill takes on a more natural
            character of conversation­al interchange. Both drills should be repeated in entirety
            several times, however, or until all students have had a chance to respond to all items. </para>
        <para> It will be noted that all drill material is provided with both a cue and a correct
            response, so that all may be prepared by the student outside of class and repeated and
            practiced by him as often as necessary to achieve complete accuracy and fluency. In many
            cases there is more than one possible response to a given cue, and instructors are
            encouraged to accept all responses which are truly equivalent. If a correct response has
            been given, however, instructors are not to suggest variant forms which may occur to
            them, as this only introduces unnecessary complexity of choice to an exercise which is
            difficult enough as it is. </para>
        <para>In the conversation practice brief conversations, usually on the same theme as the
            basic dialog, are read through by the tutor three or four times while students listen.
            Then the tutor takes one role while one student takes the other, and they repeat the
            conversation together. The student's aim here is not primarily to memorize and repeat
            exactly, but to give as accurate an equivalent as possible in his own words. After
            acting out the conversation with the tutor the student goes through it again with
            another student, he in turn with the next student, and so on until all have taken both
            parts in the dialog. </para>
        <para>The situations are brief descriptions, in English in the earlier units, later in
            German, of occurrences similar to those on which the basic dialogs are based. Two or
            more students then act out what has been described in their own way and using their ov.i
            words. They are free to use their imagination and fill in any supplementary details that
            occur to them. The whole conversation should not be prolonged however more than four or
            five minutes maximum duration. Then other students may try their hand at the same
            situation. </para>
        <para>The narratives, beginning with the fifth unit, are designed for reading purposes. In
            the early units they introduce a minimum of additional vocabulary and unfamiliar forms,
            and they may be used in the class for oral narration, the student re-telling in his own
            words what he has read. In later units some features of expository prose - matters of
            both form and style - which differ from normal spoken usage are introduced through the
            narratives in order to bridge the gap between conversational German and those reading
            skills of a specialized nature which require particular study and attention. </para>
        <para>The ultimate goal of the course, as has been stated above, is to speak accurately,
            fluently and easily. The text provides for the assimilation of all basic forms and
            patterns of the language by the guided imitation, memorization, and manipulation of a
            large number of sentences and by practice in confronting several widely occurring
            every­day situations. Actual living use of the language in free conversation is a
            necessary and essential adjunct. The tutor should therefore encourage his students from
            the start to use the language in every way possible, above and beyond what is provided
            for in the text. After the first few days of work both students and tutors should avoid
            the use of English in the classroom for any purpose at all, and they are encouraged to
            speak German outside the classroom as well. Only by constant use of the skill he is
            learning can the student hope to master it and retain it as a useful tool of his
            profession.</para>
    </preface>
    <chapter>
        <title>Unit 1</title>
        <section>
            <title>Basic sentences: <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wir sind in
                    Deutschland</foreignphrase></title>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> I </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td> Good morning </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> guten Morgen
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td align="left"> Good morning. </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Morgen.
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td> Mr. </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Herr </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td> Becker </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Becker </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td> Mr. Becker </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Herr Becker
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td align="left"> Good morning, Mr. Becker. </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Morgen, Herr Becker.
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td> day </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Tag </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td align="left"> Hello (Good day). </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Tag.
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td> Mrs. </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Frau </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td> Kunze </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Kunze </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td> Mrs. Kunze </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Frau Kunze
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td align="left"> Hello , Mrs. Kunze. </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Tag, Frau Kunze.
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td> evening </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Abend </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td align="left"> Good evening. </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Abend.
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td> Miss </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fräulein
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td> Schneider </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Schneider
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td> Miss Schneider </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fräulein Schneider
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td align="left"> Good evening, Miss Schneider. </td>
                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Abend, Fräulein
                            Schneider. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> II </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Hello, Miss Schneider. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Guten Tag, Fräulein Schneider. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Hello, Mr. Becker. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Guten Tag, Herr Becker. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> how </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> goes </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> geht
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> it </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> es
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> to you, with you </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Ihnen </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How are you? (how goes it with you?) </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            geht es Ihnen? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> thanks </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            danke </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> very </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sehr
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> good, well </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> gut
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Fine, Thanks. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Danke, sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> and </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> und
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> And how are you, Mr. Becker? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Und
                            wie geht es Ihnen, Herr Becker? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> also, too </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auch
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Thank you, I’m fine too. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Danke, auch gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> III </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> understand </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> verstehen
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> you </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Do you understand Mrs. Kunze? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Verstehen Sie Frau Kunze? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> no </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> nein
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> I </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> I understand </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich
                            verstehe </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> not </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            nicht </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, I don't understand Mrs. Kunze. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, ich verstehe Frau Kunze nicht. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> me </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> mich
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Do you understand me? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie
                            mich? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> yes </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ja
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, I understand you well. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            ich verstehe Sie gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> IV </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> where </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wo
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> is </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ist
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the airport </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der
                            Flughafen </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Where's the airport? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
                            ist der Flughafen? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> there </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> dort
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> over there </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            drüben </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The airport is over there. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
                            Flughafen ist dort drüben. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> please </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            bitte </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> I beg your pardon. What did you say? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            bitte? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> speak </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            sprechen </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> slow, slowly </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            langsam </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Please speak slowly. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Sprechen Sie bitte langsam. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The airport is over there. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
                            Flughafen ist dort drüben. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Do you understand? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Verstehen Sie? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> thank you </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            danke schön </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, I understand. Thank you. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            ich verstehe. Danke schön. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> you're welcome </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            bitte schön </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> You're welc ome. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Bitte schön. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> V</td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> that </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the railroad station </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der
                            Bahnhof </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is that the railroad station? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist das der
                            Bahnhof? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, that' not the station. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, das ist nicht der Bahnhof. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> he, it </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> er
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> to the left </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            links </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> It's there to the left. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er
                            ist dort links. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the restaurant </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das
                            Restaurant </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is the restaurant there too? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            das Restaurant auch dort? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> it </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> es
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, it's there too. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            es ist auch dort. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> VI</td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> what </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> was
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> there </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> da
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> What's that there? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Was
                            ist das da? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the hotel </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das
                            Hotel </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> That's the hotel. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
                            ist das Hotel. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> here </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> hier
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> to the right </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            rechts </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the embassy </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die
                            Botschaft </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is the embassy here to the right? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            die Botschaft hier rechts? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> she, it </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sie
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, it's here to the right. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, sie ist hier
                            rechts. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> VII</td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> excuse me the cafe </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Verzeihung das Cafe </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Excuse me, where is the cafe? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Verzeihung, wo ist das Cafe? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> straight ahead </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            geradeaus </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> There, straight ahead. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Dort, geradeaus. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the bank isn't it? (not true?) </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die
                            Bank nicht wahr </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The bank is there too, isn't it? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die
                            Bank ist auch da, nicht wahr? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, it's there too. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            sie ist auch da. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> thanks </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            danke </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Thanks. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Danke. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> you're welcome </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            bitte </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> You're welcome. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> VIII</td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Good morning. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Guten Morgen. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> I would like </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich
                            möchte </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> with pleasure </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> gern
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I'd like very much </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich
                            möchte gern </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> some cigars </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Zigarren </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> to have </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            haben </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> I'd like to have some cigars. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich
                            möchte gern Zigarren haben. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> how many </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie
                            viele </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> All right. How many? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Gern. Wie viele? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> five </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> fünf
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> and </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> und
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> some matches </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Streichhölzer </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Five, and some matches too, please. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Fünf, und bitte auch Streichhölzer. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Here you are. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Hier, bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> how much </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie
                            viel </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> costs </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            kostet </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How much does that cost? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            viel kostet das? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the cigars </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die
                            Zigarren </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> cost </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            kosten </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> two </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zwei
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Mark </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Mark
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The cigars cost two Marks. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Zigarren
                            kosten zwei Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the matches </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Streichhölzer
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> ten </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zehn
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> penny, pennies </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Pfennig </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The matches cost ten pennies. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Streichhölzer
                            kosten zehn Pfennig. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> would like </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            möchten </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> would you like </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            möchten Sie </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> some cigarettes </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Zigaretten </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Would you like to have some cigarettes
                        too? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Möchten Sie auch Zigaretten haben? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> they </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sie
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> they cost </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sie
                            kosten </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, how much do they cost? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            wie viel kosten sie? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> one </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> eine
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> One Mark. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Eine
                            Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Here you are. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Bitte schön</foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Thank you. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Danke schön. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> IX</td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Good evening. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Guten Abend. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> to eat </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            essen </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Would you like to eat? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Möchten Sie essen? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> sausage and sauerkraut </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, sausage and sauerkraut please. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut, bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> some, a little </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            etwas </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> bread </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Brot
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> And a little bread. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Und
                            etwas Brot. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> X</td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the wine </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Wein
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How's the wine, and how's the beer? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            ist der Wein und wie ist das Bier? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> are </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sind
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The wine and the beer are good. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
                            Wein und das Bier sind gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> but </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> aber
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the coffee </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der
                            Kaffee </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> But the coffee's not good. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Aber
                            der Kaffee ist nicht gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the tea </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Tee
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> not ... either </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auch
                            nicht </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> And the tea isn't good either. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Und
                            der Tee ist auch nicht gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the milk </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die
                            Milch </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is the milk good? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist die Milch
                            gut? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, the milk is very good. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            die Milch ist sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the water </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das
                            Wasser </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How's the water here? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            ist hier das Wasser? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The water is good. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das Wasser ist
                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> XI</td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> zero - one - two - three - four </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">null</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
                            xml:lang="de-1901">eins</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
                            xml:lang="de-1901">zwei</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
                            xml:lang="de-1901">drei</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
                            xml:lang="de-1901">vier</foreignphrase>
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> five - six - seven - eight </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">fünf</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
                            xml:lang="de-1901">sechs</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
                            xml:lang="de-1901">sieben</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
                            xml:lang="de-1901">acht</foreignphrase>
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> nine - ten - eleven - twelve </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">neun</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
                            xml:lang="de-1901">zehn</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
                            xml:lang="de-1901">elf</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
                            xml:lang="de-1901">zwölf</foreignphrase>
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How much is three and five? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            viel ist drei und fünf? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Three and five is eight. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Drei
                            und fünf ist acht. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How much is seven and four? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            viel ist sieben und vier? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Seven and four is eleven. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Sieben und vier ist elf. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How much is two and ten? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            viel ist zwei und zehn? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Two and ten is twelve. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Zwei
                            und zehn ist zwölf. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> again </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            nochmal </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Say it again/ please. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nochmal, bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Two and ten is twelve. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Zwei
                            und zehn ist zwölf. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> XII</td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> one, you </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> man
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> says </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sagt
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> does one say </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sagt
                            man </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> in German </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auf
                            deutsch </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How do you say 'good bye' in German? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            sagt man 'good bye' auf deutsch? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> good bye </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Auf
                            Wiedersehen </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> You say 'Auf Wiedersehen'. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Man
                            sagt 'Auf Wiedersehen'. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
        </section>
        <section>
            <title>Notes on pronunciation</title>
            <para> The spelling of a language only symbolizes to the native speaker the sounds Which
                he already knows. You will learn these sounds directly from your instructor; the
                spelling will serve as an aid to listening. No spelling system adequately represents
                the sounds of the spoken language, and no attempt will be made at this point to
                outline exactly what sounds are represented by what symbols of the German spelling
                system. We will however present for particular drill and attention in each unit
                certain sounds which have shown themselves to be difficult for speakers of American
                English. In the meantime we ask you to remember two cardinal points:<orderedlist>
                    <listitem>
                        <para> The German of your text is printed in the standard German written
                            style.</para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para> The letter-symbols used, although in most cases the same symbols we
                            use in written English, in most cases do not represent exactly the same
                            sounds we use in English. Therefore, DO NOT EXPECT GERMAN WRITTEN
                            SYMBOLS TO REPRESENT SOUND VALUES YOU KNOW IN ENGLISH.</para>
                    </listitem>
                </orderedlist></para>
            <para> Pronunciation Practices. To be drilled in class.<variablelist>
                    <varlistentry>
                        <term>A. Short Vowels</term>
                        <listitem>
                            <para> The German short vowels i,e,a and u are not dissimilar from
                                English sounds. The o, however, is probably different from any sound
                                that you have in English. Do not try to replace it by a sound from
                                English, but rather reproduce the pronunciation of your instructor.
                                The German front rounded vowels ö and ü do not occur in English. To
                                produce the ö, put your tongue in the position for the German e and
                                round your lips; for ü, put your tongue in the position for the
                                German i and round your lips. You will then produce a sound similar
                                to the German sound. Experiment until your instructor is satisfied
                                with your pronunciation. Do not worry about the meaning of the words
                                in these practices. Concentrate instead on the sounds.</para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="20%"/>
                                <col width="20%"/>
                                <col width="20%"/>
                                <col width="20%"/>
                                <col width="20%"/>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="5" align="left" valign="top"> Practice
                                        l(a) </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr valign="top">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
                                            > Short i </emphasis></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
                                            > Short e</emphasis></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
                                            > Short a</emphasis></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
                                            > Short o</emphasis></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
                                            > Short u </emphasis></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr valign="top">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center">
                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">bitte</foreignphrase>
                                    </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> denn </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> das </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> kostet </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> muss </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr valign="top">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> ist </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> essen </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> Mann </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> Sonne </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> Mutter </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr valign="top">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> in </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> etwas </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> an </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> Doktor </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> und </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr valign="top">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
                                            > Short ö </emphasis></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
                                            > Short ü</emphasis></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
                                            > - e (unstressed) </emphasis></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr valign="top">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> können </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> Mütter </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> bitte </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> genug </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr valign="top">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> möchte </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> fünf </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> danke </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> gesehen </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr valign="top">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> öfter </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> Hütte </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> Sonne </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> bekommen </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="50%"/>
                                <col width="50%"/>
                                <tr valign="top">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Practice 1(b) </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr valign="top">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center">
                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">mit</foreignphrase> -
                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Mütter</foreignphrase>
                                    </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center">
                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">kennen</foreignphrase> -
                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">können</foreignphrase>
                                    </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr valign="top">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center">
                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">missen</foreignphrase> -
                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">müssen</foreignphrase>
                                    </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center">
                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">stecke</foreignphrase> -
                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Stöcke</foreignphrase>
                                    </td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                        </listitem>
                    </varlistentry>
                    <varlistentry>
                        <term>B. Long Vowels</term>
                        <listitem>
                            <para> There are no sounds in English exactly like the German long
                                vowels. If you will pronounce English gate and then ask your
                                instructor to pronounce German <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
                                        xml:lang="de-1901">geht</foreignphrase></emphasis>, you will
                                notice that the English vowel sound seems to change during its
                                pronunciation, but the German sound seems tense and stable
                                throughout its duration. Your tongue actually moves during the
                                production of the English vowel sound, but during the production of
                                the German sound the tongue remains in the same position. The long ö
                                and ü are formed approximately like short ö and ü. Pronounce German
                                long e and round your lips to form ö , and pronounce German long i
                                and round your lips to form ü </para>
                            <para><emphasis role="bold">Practice 2(a)</emphasis></para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="12.5%"/>
                                <col width="12.5%"/>
                                <col width="12.5%"/>
                                <col width="12.5%"/>
                                <col width="12.5%"/>
                                <col width="12.5%"/>
                                <col width="12.5%"/>
                                <col width="12.5%"/>
                                <tr align="center">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Long </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> i </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e</td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> o</td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> u </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ö </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ü </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr align="center">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            wie </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            geht </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            Tag </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            Sohn </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            gut </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            König </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            für </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr align="center">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            ihnen </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            Tee </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            Abend </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            oder </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            du </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            schön </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            Tür </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr align="center">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            viel </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            den </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            Bahn </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            wo </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            Flug </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            öde </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                            >über </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                            <para><emphasis role="bold">Practice 2(b)</emphasis></para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="50%"/>
                                <col width="50%"/>
                                <tr align="center">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">vier</foreignphrase> -
                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">für</foreignphrase>
                                    </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">lesen</foreignphrase> -
                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">lösen</foreignphrase>
                                    </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr align="center">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Tier</foreignphrase> -
                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Tür</foreignphrase>
                                    </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Sehne</foreignphrase> -
                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Söhne</foreignphrase>
                                    </td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                        </listitem>
                    </varlistentry>
                    <varlistentry>
                        <term>C. </term>
                        <listitem>
                            <para><emphasis role="bold">Distinguishing Long and Short
                                    Vowels</emphasis></para>
                            <para> It is NOT ALWAYS POSSIBLE to distinguish long and short vowels in
                                written German, as the German spelling system does not consistently
                                mark them as such. Your best guide to the pronunciation of any given
                                word is the way your native instructor pronounces it. However, a few
                                hints can be given which will help you to recognize them <emphasis
                                    role="bold">most</emphasis> of the time. If you look back at the
                                practice lists above you will see that the short vowels in <emphasis
                                    role="bold">most</emphasis> cases are followed by two or more
                                consonants and they are always written with a single letter symbol.
                                Then note that the long vowels are <emphasis role="bold">not
                                    always</emphasis> written with a single letter symbol and
                                usually are followed by only one consonant. The following
                                combinations of letters always designate long vowels: ie, ih - eh,
                                ee - ah, aa - oh, oo - uh - öh - üh </para>
                        </listitem>
                    </varlistentry>
                    <varlistentry>
                        <term>D. </term>
                        <listitem>
                            <para><emphasis role="bold">Diphthongs</emphasis></para>
                            <para>These combinations of two vowel sounds in German are very similar,
                                though not identical to certain vowel combinations in
                                English.</para>
                            <para><emphasis role="bold">Practice 3</emphasis></para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="33%"/>
                                <col width="33%"/>
                                <col width="33%"/>
                                <tr align="center">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ei </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> au </td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> eu (äu) </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr align="center">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            nein </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            auch </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            deutsch </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr align="center">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            eins </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            Tau </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            neun </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr align="center">
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            Wein </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            Laut </foreignphrase></td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            läute </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                        </listitem>
                    </varlistentry>
                </variablelist></para>
        </section>
        <section>
            <title>Notes on grammar</title>
            <subtitle>(For home study)</subtitle>
            <orderedlist numeration="upperalpha">
                <listitem>
                    <para> The German Noun-Classification ('Gender') System.<orderedlist
                            numeration="upperroman">
                            <listitem>
                                <para>The three classes of nouns.</para>
                                <para>
                                    <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"><emphasis role="bold"
                                            >Der</emphasis> Wein ist nicht gut.</foreignphrase>
                                    <emphasis role="bold">The</emphasis> wine isn't good.</para>
                                <para>
                                    <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"><emphasis role="bold"
                                            >Das</emphasis> Bier ist gut.</foreignphrase>
                                    <emphasis role="bold">The</emphasis> beer is good.</para>
                                <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                        <emphasis role="bold">Die</emphasis> Milch ist auch
                                        gut.</foreignphrase>
                                    <emphasis role="bold">The</emphasis> milk is good too.</para>
                                <orderedlist>
                                    <listitem>
                                        <para> German has three words for 'the': <emphasis
                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                                  >der</foreignphrase></emphasis>, <emphasis
                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                                  >das</foreignphrase></emphasis> and <emphasis
                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                                  >die</foreignphrase></emphasis>; and German nouns
                                            can be divided into three classes according to which of
                                            the three words for 'the* they go with. <emphasis
                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                                  >Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> goes only with
                                                <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">der</foreignphrase></emphasis>,
                                            never with <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">das</foreignphrase></emphasis>,
                                            never with <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">die</foreignphrase></emphasis>.
                                            Bier goes only with <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">das</foreignphrase></emphasis>,
                                            and so on.</para>
                                    </listitem>
                                    <listitem>
                                        <para> We will refer to these three classes of nouns, for
                                            obvious reasons, as <emphasis role="bold"
                                                >der-</emphasis>nouns, <emphasis role="bold"
                                                >das</emphasis>-nouns and <emphasis role="bold"
                                                >die-</emphasis>nouns. (1 <emphasis role="bold"
                                                  ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                                  >Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> is <emphasis
                                                role="bold">der-</emphasis>noun-' '<emphasis
                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                                  >Hotel</foreignphrase></emphasis> is a <emphasis
                                                role="bold">das-</emphasis>noun.1)</para>
                                    </listitem>
                                    <listitem>
                                        <para> The traditional statement about this phenomenon is:
                                            'German nouns have three genders—masculine, feminine,
                                            and neuter.' we will not use this terminology because it
                                            tends to mislead English-speaking students by suggesting
                                            that the German noun classification has something to do
                                            with sex differentiation. It doesn't. See paragraph
                                            III.</para>
                                    </listitem>
                                    <listitem>
                                        <para> Insofar as the <emphasis role="bold">basic
                                                stock</emphasis> of German nouns is concerned (nouns
                                            like house, grass, sky, wine, beer, milk), there is
                                            absolutely no sense or rationale to the classification
                                            system; there is no way at all of anticipating which
                                            class any given noun belongs to. You must simply learn
                                            the word for 'the' as a part of the noun: the German
                                            word for 'wine1 is <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">der
                                                Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis>. And you must
                                            practice saying <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">der
                                                Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> often enough so that
                                                <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">das
                                                Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> or <emphasis
                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die
                                                  Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> sounds as wrong to
                                            you as 'The father of his country — Henry
                                            Washington.'</para>
                                    </listitem>
                                    <listitem>
                                        <para> Now, Henry Washington is a perfectly good name; but
                                            it's wrong, and every^ American knows it's wrong. By the
                                            same token, <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">das
                                                Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> is a perfectly good
                                            form; but it's wrong, and every German knows it's
                                            wrong.</para>
                                    </listitem>
                                    <listitem>
                                        <para> With <emphasis role="bold">derivative</emphasis>
                                            nouns (that is, nouns made from other words, like our
                                            happyness, brother-hood) your problem is easier. The
                                            classification of German derivative nouns is fairly
                                            orderly and consistent. Nouns ending in -ung, for
                                            example, are always <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
                                                  xml:lang="de-1901"
                                            >die</foreignphrase></emphasis>-nouns: <emphasis
                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die
                                                  Verzeihung</foreignphrase></emphasis> 'the
                                            forgiveness, the pardon. And nouns ending with the
                                            diminutive suffixes -lein and -chen are always <emphasis
                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                                  >das-</foreignphrase></emphasis>nouns: <emphasis
                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das
                                                  Fräulein</foreignphrase></emphasis> 'the miss,
                                            waitress,'</para>
                                        <para>
                                            <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                                  >das Mädchen</foreignphrase></emphasis> 'the
                                            little girl.' We will deal with the formation of the
                                            various kinds of derivative nouns as we go along through
                                            the units.</para>
                                    </listitem>
                                    <listitem>
                                        <para> But if the classification of derivative nouns is
                                            orderly and consistent, the classification of the basic
                                            stock of German nouns remains virtually chaotic. There
                                            really is no system at all for guessing Which class a
                                            noun belongs to; it's not something you can reason out
                                            or get the knack of. It is not the same as our <emphasis
                                                role="bold">he-she-it</emphasis> system, as we'll
                                            see in. a minute. There is absolutely nothing in English
                                            like it. Your only solution is to use the nouns until
                                            you know them as well as you know 'George
                                            Washington.'</para>
                                    </listitem>
                                </orderedlist>
                            </listitem>
                            <listitem>
                                <para>Pronouns Corresponding to the Three Classes of
                                        Nouns.<informaltable frame="all">
                                        <tgroup cols="4">
                                            <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                            <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                            <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                            <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                            <tbody>
                                                <row>
                                                  <entry>Wo ist der Bahnof?</entry>
                                                  <entry>Er ist dort.</entry>
                                                  <entry>Where is the station?</entry>
                                                  <entry>It's there.</entry>
                                                </row>
                                                <row>
                                                  <entry>Wo ist das Hotel?</entry>
                                                  <entry>Es ist dort.</entry>
                                                  <entry>Where is the hotel?</entry>
                                                  <entry>It's there.</entry>
                                                </row>
                                                <row>
                                                  <entry>Wo ist die Botshaft?</entry>
                                                  <entry>Sie ist dort.</entry>
                                                  <entry>Where is the ambassy?</entry>
                                                  <entry>It's there.</entry>
                                                </row>
                                            </tbody>
                                        </tgroup>
                                    </informaltable></para>
                                <para> As these examples show, there is a special <emphasis
                                        role="bold">pronoun</emphasis> for each of the three classes
                                    of nouns. Notice the correspondence in the final sounds of the
                                    pairs <emphasis role="bold">der</emphasis>-er, <emphasis
                                        role="bold">das-es</emphasis>, and <emphasis role="bold"
                                        >die-sie</emphasis>. This is no coincidence.</para>
                            </listitem>
                            <listitem>
                                <para>Contrast between German and English Pronoun Usage.</para>
                                <informaltable frame="all">
                                    <tgroup cols="4">
                                        <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                        <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                        <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                        <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                        <tbody>
                                            <row>
                                                <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">der</emphasis>
                                                  Bahnhof?</entry>
                                                <entry><emphasis role="bold">Er</emphasis> ist
                                                  dort.</entry>
                                                <entry>Where is <emphasis role="bold">the</emphasis>
                                                  station?</entry>
                                                <entry>
                                                  <emphasis role="bold">It's</emphasis>
                                                  there.</entry>
                                            </row>
                                            <row>
                                                <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">der</emphasis>
                                                  Mann?</entry>
                                                <entry><emphasis role="bold">Er</emphasis> ist
                                                  dort.</entry>
                                                <entry>Where's <emphasis role="bold">the</emphasis>
                                                  man?</entry>
                                                <entry><emphasis role="bold">He's</emphasis>
                                                  here.</entry>
                                            </row>
                                            <row>
                                                <entry namest="c1" nameend="c4"/>
                                            </row>
                                            <row>
                                                <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">das</emphasis>
                                                  Hotel?</entry>
                                                <entry><emphasis role="bold">Es</emphasis> ist
                                                  dort.</entry>
                                                <entry>Where is <emphasis role="bold">the</emphasis>
                                                  hotel?</entry>
                                                <entry>
                                                  <emphasis role="bold">It's</emphasis>
                                                  there.</entry>
                                            </row>
                                            <row>
                                                <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">das</emphasis>
                                                  Kind?</entry>
                                                <entry><emphasis role="bold">Es</emphasis> ist
                                                  dort.</entry>
                                                <entry>Where is <emphasis role="bold">the</emphasis>
                                                  child?</entry>
                                                <entry>
                                                  <para><emphasis role="bold">He's</emphasis>
                                                  here.</para>
                                                  <para><emphasis role="bold">She's</emphasis>
                                                  here</para>
                                                </entry>
                                            </row>
                                            <row>
                                                <entry namest="c1" nameend="c4"/>
                                            </row>
                                            <row>
                                                <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">die</emphasis>
                                                  Botschaft?</entry>
                                                <entry>
                                                  <emphasis role="bold">Sie</emphasis> ist
                                                  dort.</entry>
                                                <entry> Where is <emphasis role="bold"
                                                  >the</emphasis> embassy?</entry>
                                                <entry>
                                                  <emphasis role="bold">It's</emphasis>
                                                  there.</entry>
                                            </row>
                                            <row>
                                                <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">die</emphasis>
                                                  Frau?</entry>
                                                <entry><emphasis role="bold">Sie</emphasis> ist
                                                  dort.</entry>
                                                <entry>Where's <emphasis role="bold">the</emphasis>
                                                  woman?</entry>
                                                <entry><emphasis role="bold">She's</emphasis>
                                                  here.</entry>
                                            </row>
                                        </tbody>
                                    </tgroup>
                                </informaltable>
                                <para> These examples show that the German pronouns er, <emphasis
                                        role="bold">sie</emphasis>, and es do not match up with the
                                    English pronouns 'he', 'she', and 'it'. The English <emphasis
                                        role="bold">he-she-it</emphasis> system has an entirely
                                    different foundation from the German noun-classification
                                    ('gender') system. In the English system, the choice of pronoun
                                    depends upon the sex (male, female, or sexless) of some
                                    non-linguistic entity—a man ('he'), a woman ('she'), or a table
                                    ('it'). In the German system, on the other hand, the choice of
                                    pronoun depends upon the linguistic classification of the noun
                                    you are replacing, except in reference to human beings.</para>
                            </listitem>
                            <listitem>
                                <para>Pronouns Referring to People.<informaltable frame="all">
                                        <tgroup cols="2">
                                            <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                            <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                            <tbody>
                                                <row>
                                                  <entry>Wo ist das Fraülein?</entry>
                                                  <entry>Where is the waitress?</entry>
                                                </row>
                                                <row>
                                                  <entry>Sie ist dort.</entry>
                                                  <entry>She's there.</entry>
                                                </row>
                                            </tbody>
                                        </tgroup>
                                    </informaltable> Since all German nouns referring to men are
                                        <emphasis role="bold">der-nouns</emphasis> and virtually all
                                    German nouns referring to women are <emphasis role="bold"
                                            ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                        >die</foreignphrase></emphasis>-nouns. <emphasis role="bold"
                                            ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                        >er</foreignphrase></emphasis> and <emphasis role="bold"
                                            ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                        >sie</foreignphrase></emphasis> correspond to 'he' and 'she'
                                    — when they refer to <emphasis role="bold">human
                                        beings</emphasis>. Consequently, one says <emphasis
                                        role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                            >sie</foreignphrase></emphasis> when referring to
                                        <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das
                                            Fräulein</foreignphrase></emphasis>. Who is, after all,
                                    die lunge Dame 'the young lady',<emphasis role="bold"
                                            ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die
                                            Tochte</foreignphrase></emphasis>r 'the daughter',
                                        <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die
                                            Schwester</foreignphrase></emphasis> 'the sister', and
                                    so on, as well as <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
                                            xml:lang="de-1901">das
                                        Fräulein</foreignphrase></emphasis>.</para>
                            </listitem>
                            <listitem>
                                <para>No classification in the Plural.</para>
                                <informaltable>
                                    <col width="25%"/>
                                    <col width="25%"/>
                                    <col width="25%"/>
                                    <col width="25%"/>
                                    <tr valign="top">
                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo sind die Bahnhöfe?
                                            </foreignphrase></td>
                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind hier.
                                            </foreignphrase></td>
                                        <td rowspan="1" align="left">Where are the stations? </td>
                                        <td rowspan="1" align="left"> They're here. </td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr valign="top">
                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo sind die Hotels?
                                            </foreignphrase></td>
                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind hier.
                                            </foreignphrase></td>
                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Where are the
                                            hotels? </td>
                                        <td colspan="1" align="justify"> They're here. </td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr valign="top">
                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo sind die Frauen?
                                            </foreignphrase></td>
                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind hier.
                                            </foreignphrase></td>
                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Where are the
                                            women? </td>
                                        <td colspan="1" align="justify">They're here. </td>
                                    </tr>
                                </informaltable>
                                <para>As these examples show, the three-fold classification we've
                                    been discussing applies only to nouns in the singular. In the
                                    plural, there is only one word for 'the', and only one
                                    pronoun.</para>
                            </listitem>
                        </orderedlist>
                    </para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                    <para>The pointing-Word <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                >das</foreignphrase></emphasis>.</para>
                    <informaltable>
                        <col width="50%"/>
                        <col width="50%"/>
                        <tr valign="top">
                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
                                    xml:lang="de-1901"> Das ist der Bahnhof, nicht wahr?
                                </foreignphrase></td>
                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> This is the station, isn't it?
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr valign="top">
                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
                                    xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, das ist er. </foreignphrase></td>
                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, that's it. </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr valign="top">
                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
                                    xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist das die Milch? </foreignphrase></td>
                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is that the milk? </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr valign="top">
                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
                                    xml:lang="de-1901"> Das ist Wasser. </foreignphrase></td>
                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> This is water. </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr valign="top">
                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
                                    xml:lang="de-1901"> Sind das die Streichhölzer?
                                </foreignphrase></td>
                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Are these the matches? </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr valign="top">
                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
                                    xml:lang="de-1901"> Das sind die Zigarren. </foreignphrase></td>
                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Those are the ciaars. </td>
                        </tr>
                    </informaltable>
                    <orderedlist>
                        <listitem>
                            <para> The pointing-word <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
                                        xml:lang="de-1901">das</foreignphrase></emphasis> (often
                                accompanied by a pointing gesture) is used to call any <emphasis
                                    role="bold">object</emphasis> or <emphasis role="bold">group of
                                    objects</emphasis> to the hearer's attention, without any
                                reference to noun classification or tö the number of objects.</para>
                        </listitem>
                        <listitem>
                            <para> The pointing-word <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
                                        xml:lang="de-1901">das</foreignphrase></emphasis> is an
                                entirely different entity from the <emphasis role="bold"
                                        ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                    >das</foreignphrase></emphasis> of <emphasis role="bold"
                                        ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das
                                    Hotel</foreignphrase></emphasis>. The English equivalents of the
                                pointing-word <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
                                        xml:lang="de-1901">das</foreignphrase></emphasis> are
                                'this', <emphasis role="bold">'that', 'these', and
                                    'those'.</emphasis></para>
                        </listitem>
                    </orderedlist>
                </listitem>
            </orderedlist>
        </section>
        <section>
            <title>Substitution drill.</title>
            <para> This section is made up of a number of model sentences. One or two words in each
                sentence are underscored. Below each group will be found a series of isolated words.
                The drill consists in substituting these words, one by one, for the one that is
                underscored in the model sentence, and making necessary changes in the rest of the
                sentence. </para>
            <para>The instructor says the model sentence out loud, and the class repeats after him.
                The first student makes the first substitution, the next student the second, and so
                on. Repeat until all students have had a chance to make each substitution at least
                once, then proceed to the next model sentence. </para>
            <para>This drill may be done with books closed. The instructor then gives the students
                the item to be substituted. Keep things moving along. Maintain a lively pace. If one
                student gets stuck, the next one takes over after three or four seconds.</para>
            <orderedlist>
                <listitem>
                    <para>
                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Der Flughafen ist
                            dort.</foreignphrase><informaltable frame="all">
                            <tgroup cols="2">
                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <tbody>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bahnhof - Kaffee -
                                                Tee - Wein</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Bahnhof - der
                                                Kaffee - der Tee - der Wein</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Restaurant - Bier -
                                                Wasser - Hotel - Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Restaurant -
                                                das Bier - das Wasser - das Hotel - das
                                                Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bank - Milch -
                                                Botschaft</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Bank - die
                                                Milch - die Botschaft</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Streichhölzer -
                                                Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Streichhölzer -
                                                die Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Bahnhof - Hotel -
                                                Tee - Milch - Kaffee - Restaurant - Streichhölzer -
                                                Botschaft - Flughafen - Bier - Wein - Wasser -
                                                Zigarren - Cafe </foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Bahnhof - das
                                                Hotel - der Tee - die Milch - der Kaffee - das
                                                Restaurant - die Streichhölzer - die Botschaft - der
                                                Flughafen - das Bier - der Wein - das Wasser - die
                                                Zigarren - das Café</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                </tbody>
                            </tgroup>
                        </informaltable></para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                    <para xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">der
                            Bahnhof</emphasis>?<informaltable frame="all">
                            <tgroup cols="2">
                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <tbody>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Flughafen - Kaffee
                                                - Tee - Wein</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Flughafen - der
                                                Kaffe - der Tee - der Wein </foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Restaurant - Bier -
                                                Wasser - Cafe - Hotel</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Restaurant -
                                                das Bier - das Wasser - das Cafe - das
                                                Hotel</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bank - Milch -
                                                Botschaft</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Bank - die
                                                Milch - die Botschaft</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Streichhölzer -
                                                Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Streichhölzer -
                                                die Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Restaurant -
                                                Flughafen - Bank - Kaffee - Wasser - Milch -
                                                Streichhölzer - Bahnhof - Tee - Hotel - Wein - Bier
                                                - Botschaft - Zigarren -
                                            Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Restaurant -
                                                der Flughafen - die Bank - der Kaffee - das Wasser -
                                                die Milch - die Streichhölzer - der Bahnhof - der
                                                Tee - das Hotel - der Wein - das Bier - die
                                                Botschaft - die Zigarren - das
                                            Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                </tbody>
                            </tgroup>
                        </informaltable></para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                    <para xml:lang="de-1901">Wieviel kostet <emphasis role="bold">der
                            Kaffee</emphasis>?<informaltable frame="all">
                            <tgroup cols="2">
                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <tbody>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wein -
                                                Tee</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Wein - der
                                                Tee</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                                >Bier</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das
                                                Bier</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Zigarren -
                                                Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Zigarren - die
                                                Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wtein - Zigarren -
                                                Tee - Streichhölzer - Bier </foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Wein - die
                                                Zigarren - der Tee - die Streichhölzer - das
                                                Bier</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                </tbody>
                            </tgroup>
                        </informaltable></para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                    <para xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist <emphasis role="bold">das
                            Bier</emphasis>?<informaltable frame="all">
                            <tgroup cols="2">
                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <tbody>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wasser - Hotel -
                                                Restaurant - Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Wasser - das
                                                Hotel - das Restaurant - das
                                            Café</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Kaffee - Tee - Wein
                                            </foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Kaffee - der
                                                Tee - der Wein</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bank -
                                                Milch</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Bank - die
                                                Milch</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Zigarren -
                                                Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Zigarren - die
                                                Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bier - Tee - Hotel
                                                - Wein - Wasser - Kaffee - Milch -Zigarren - Caf£ -
                                                Bank - Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Bier - der Tee
                                                - das Hotel - der Wein - das Wasser - der Kaffee -
                                                die Milch - die Zigarren - das Cafe - die Bank - die
                                                Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                </tbody>
                            </tgroup>
                        </informaltable></para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                    <para xml:lang="de-1901"><emphasis role="bold">Das Hotel</emphasis> ist
                            gut.<informaltable frame="all">
                            <tgroup cols="2">
                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <tbody>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bier - Restaurant -
                                                Wasser - Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Bier - das
                                                Restaurant - das Wasser - das
                                            Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wein - Kaffee -
                                                Tee </foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Wein - der
                                                Kaffee - der Tee</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Milch -
                                                Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Milch - die
                                                Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Zigarren -
                                                Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Zigarren - die
                                                Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bier - Wein -
                                                Restaurant - Kaffee - Bank - Tee - Hotel -
                                                Streichhölzer - Wasser - Zigarren - Cafe - Milch
                                            </foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Bier - der Wein
                                                - das Restaurant - der Kaffee - die Bank - der Tee -
                                                das Hotel - die Streichhölzer - das Wasser - die
                                                Zigarren - das Cafe - die
                                            Milch</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                </tbody>
                            </tgroup>
                        </informaltable></para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                    <para xml:lang="de-1901"><emphasis role="bold">Das Hotel</emphasis> ist da
                            drüben.<informaltable frame="all">
                            <tgroup cols="2">
                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <tbody>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Restaurant - Bier -
                                                Wasser - Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Restaurant -
                                                das Bier - das Wasser - das
                                            Café</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Flughafen - Bahnhof
                                                - Kaffee - Tee - Wein </foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Flughafen - der
                                                Bahnhof - der Kaffee - der Tee - der
                                                Wein</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Botschaft - Milch
                                                - Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Botschaft - die
                                                Milch - die Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Streichhölzer -
                                                Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Streichhölzer -
                                                die Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Hotel - Restaurant
                                                - Tee - Milch - Bier - Kaffee - Botschaft - Wein -
                                                Zigarren - Streichhölzer - Cafe - Bank
                                            </foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Hotel - das
                                                Restaurant - der Tee - die Milch - das Bier - der
                                                Kaffee - die Botschaft - der Wein - die Zigarren -
                                                die Streichhölzer - das Café - die
                                                Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                </tbody>
                            </tgroup>
                        </informaltable></para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                    <para xml:lang="de-1901">Das ist <emphasis role="bold">der
                            Flughafen</emphasis>.<informaltable frame="all">
                            <tgroup cols="2">
                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <tbody>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bahnhof - Wein -
                                                Tee - Kaffee</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Bahnhof - der
                                                Wein - der Tee - der Kaffee</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Hotel - Restaurant
                                                - Bier - Café</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Hotel - das
                                                Restaurant - das Bier - das
                                            Café</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bank - Botschaft -
                                                Milch</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Bank - die
                                                Botschaft - die Milch</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Streichhölzer -
                                                Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Streichhölzer -
                                                die Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Botschaft -
                                                Flughafen - Hotel - Milch - Restaurant - Bahnhof -
                                                Bier - Wein - Tee - Zigarren - Café -
                                                Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Botschaft - der
                                                Flughafen - das Hotel - die Milch - das Restaurant -
                                                der Bahnhof - das Bier - der Wein - der Tee - die
                                                Zigarren - das Cafe - die
                                            Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                </tbody>
                            </tgroup>
                        </informaltable></para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                    <para xml:lang="de-1901">Hier ist <emphasis role="bold">Herr Becker</emphasis>.
                        Hier ist <emphasis role="bold">er</emphasis>.<informaltable frame="all">
                            <tgroup cols="2">
                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
                                <tbody>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Flughafen - Bahnhof
                                                - Wein - Tee - Kaffee - Herr
                                            Keller</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Flughafen.er -
                                                der Bahnhof.er - der Wein.er - der Tee.er - der
                                                Kaffee.er - Herr Keller.er</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Frau Kunze - Milch
                                                - Botschaft - Bank - Frau
                                            Schneider</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Frau Kunze.sie -
                                                die Milch.sie - die Botschaft.sie - die Bank.sie -
                                                Frau Schneider.sie</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Restaurant - Bier -
                                                Wasser - Café - Hotel</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Restaurant.es -
                                                das Bier.es - das Wasser.es - das Caf£.es - das
                                                Hotel.es</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Streichhölzer -
                                                Zigarren - Herr und Frau
                                            Becker</foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die
                                                Streichhölzer.sie - die Zigarren.sie - Herr und Frau
                                                Becker.sie</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                    <row>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bier - Milch -
                                                Wasser - Wein - Streichhölzer - Bahnhof - Restaurant
                                                - Zigarren - Hotel - Herr und Frau Becker -
                                                Botschaft - Tee - Cafe - Frau Schneider - Flughafen
                                                - Herr Keller - Bank - Kaffee
                                            </foreignphrase></entry>
                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Bier.es - die
                                                Milch.sie - das Wasser.es - der Wein.er - die
                                                Streichhölzer.sie - der Bahnhof.er - das
                                                Restaurant.es - die Zigarren.sie - das Hotel.es -
                                                Herr und Frau Becker. sie - die Botschaft.sie - der
                                                Tee.er - das Cafe.es - Frau Schneider.sie - der
                                                Flughafen.er - Herr Keller.er - die Bank.sie - der
                                                Kaffee.er</foreignphrase></entry>
                                    </row>
                                </tbody>
                            </tgroup>
                        </informaltable></para>
                </listitem>
            </orderedlist>
            <para> </para>
        </section>
        <section>
            <title>Variation drill</title>
            <para> This section is made up of several groups of sentences. Each group is headed by a
                model sentence which is underscored. The instructor reads the model sentence out
                loud, and the class repeats after him. The first student then gives the German
                version of the first English variation sentence under the model sentence. The next
                student takes the second sentence, and so on. </para>
            <para>While doing this drill, STUDENTS MUST COVER THE RIGHT-HAND SIDE OF THE PAGE </para>
            <para>English versions must be read silently, and the German version must be given
                without stopping, with the proper pronunciation, including intonation. If you have
                to 'translate* word by word you need more practice with the basic sentences. </para>
            <para>The instructor must insist on COMPLETE SENTENCES.<orderedlist>
                    <listitem>
                        <informaltable>
                            <col width="10%"/>
                            <col width="45%"/>
                            <col width="45%"/>
                            <thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                            > Ich verstehe Sie. </foreignphrase></th>
                                    <th align="center"> I understand you. </th>
                                </tr>
                            </thead>
                            <tbody>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> a. </td>
                                    <td> I understand you well. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich verstehe Sie gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> b. </td>
                                    <td> I understand you very well. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich verstehe Sie sehr
                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> c. </td>
                                    <td> I understand you well, too. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich verstehe Sie auch
                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> d. </td>
                                    <td> I don't understand you. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich verstehe Sie nicht.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> e. </td>
                                    <td> I don't understand you either. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich verstehe Sie auch
                                            nicht. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                            </tbody>
                        </informaltable>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="10%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <thead>
                                    <tr>
                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich?
                                            </foreignphrase></th>
                                        <th align="center"> Do you understand me? </th>
                                    </tr>
                                </thead>
                                <tbody>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td>a. </td>
                                        <td> Do you understand me well? </td>
                                        <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich
                                                gut? </foreignphrase></td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td> b. </td>
                                        <td> Do you understand me well to? </td>
                                        <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich
                                                auch gut? </foreignphrase></td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td> c. </td>
                                        <td> Don't you understand me? </td>
                                        <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich
                                                nicht? </foreignphrase></td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td> d. </td>
                                        <td> Don't you understand me either? </td>
                                        <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich
                                                auch nicht? </foreignphrase></td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td> e. </td>
                                        <td> Don't you understand me well either? </td>
                                        <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich
                                                auch nicht gut? </foreignphrase></td>
                                    </tr>
                                </tbody>
                            </informaltable>
                        </para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <informaltable>
                            <col width="10%"/>
                            <col width="45%"/>
                            <col width="45%"/>
                            <thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                            > Wo ist der Flughafen?</foreignphrase></th>
                                    <th align="center"> Where is the airport?</th>
                                </tr>
                            </thead>
                            <tr>
                                <td>a. </td>
                                <td> There is the airport. </td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Da ist der Flughafen.
                                    </foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td>b. </td>
                                <td> Is that the airport? </td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist das der Flughafen?
                                    </foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td>c. </td>
                                <td> Yes, that's the airport. </td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, das ist der Flughafen.
                                    </foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td>d. </td>
                                <td> No, that's not the airport. </td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Nein, das ist nicht der
                                        Flughafen. </foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td>e. </td>
                                <td> Is the airport over there? </td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist der Flughafen da drüben?
                                    </foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td>f. </td>
                                <td> Yes, it's over there. </td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, er ist da drüben.
                                    </foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td>g. </td>
                                <td> No, it's not over there. </td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Nein, er ist nicht da drüben.
                                    </foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                        </informaltable>
                        <para> Repeat the same drill and for airport substitute: hotel - embassy -
                            restaurant - station.</para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="10%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <thead>
                                    <tr>
                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo sind die Streichhölzer?
                                            </foreignphrase></th>
                                        <th align="center"> Where are the matches? </th>
                                    </tr>
                                </thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
                                    <td> Where are they? </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo sind sie?
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
                                    <td> There are the matches. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Da sind die
                                            Streichhölzer. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
                                    <td> There they are. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Da sind sie.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
                                    <td> Are the matches over them? </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sind die Streichhölzer da
                                            drüben? </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
                                    <td> Yes, the matches are over there. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, die Streichhölzer
                                            sind da drüben. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
                                    <td> They're over there. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind da drüben.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                        </para>
                        <para>Repeat the same drill and for potatoes substitute: cigars - Mr. and
                            Mrs. Kunze. </para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="10%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <thead>
                                    <tr>
                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie ist die Milch?
                                            </foreignphrase></th>
                                        <th align="center"> How's the milk? </th>
                                    </tr>
                                </thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
                                    <td> It's good. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie ist gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
                                    <td> It's very good. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie ist sehr gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
                                    <td> The water is good too. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das Wasser ist auch gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
                                    <td> It's very good too. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Es ist auch sehr gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                        </para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="10%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <thead>
                                    <tr>
                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie ist das Bier?
                                            </foreignphrase></th>
                                        <th align="center"> How's the beer? </th>
                                    </tr>
                                </thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
                                    <td> It's good. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Es ist gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
                                    <td> It's very good. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Es ist sehr gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
                                    <td> The cigars are good too. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Zigarren sind auch
                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
                                    <td> They're very good too. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind auch sehr gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                        </para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="10%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <thead>
                                    <tr>
                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie ist der Tee?
                                            </foreignphrase></th>
                                        <th align="center"> How's the tea? </th>
                                    </tr>
                                </thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
                                    <td> It's not good. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er ist nicht gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
                                    <td> It's very good. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er ist sehr gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
                                    <td> The milk isn't good either. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Milch ist auch nicht
                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
                                    <td> It's not very good either. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie ist auch nicht sehr
                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
                                    <td> Yes. they are very good. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, sie sind sehr gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                        </para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="10%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <thead>
                                    <tr>
                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie sind die Streichhölzer?
                                            </foreignphrase></th>
                                        <th align="center"> How are the matches? </th>
                                    </tr>
                                </thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
                                    <td> They're not good. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind nicht gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
                                    <td> They're not very good. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind nicht sehr gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The wine is not good either.</td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Wein ist auch nicht
                                            gut. Er ist auch nicht sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">It's not very good either.</td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er ist auch nicht sehr
                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                        </para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="10%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <thead>
                                    <tr>
                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Das kostet viel.
                                            </foreignphrase></th>
                                        <th align="center"> That costs a lot. </th>
                                    </tr>
                                </thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
                                    <td> How much does that cost? </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie viel kostet das?
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
                                    <td> Does that cost much? </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Kostet das viel?
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
                                    <td> That doesn't cost much. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das kostet nicht viel.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
                                    <td> That doesn't cost much either. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das kostet auch nicht
                                            viel. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
                                    <td> That costs three marks. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das kostet drei Mark.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
                                    <td> That costs three marks, too. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das kostet auch drei
                                            Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                        </para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="10%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <thead>
                                    <tr>
                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Das Bier ist out.
                                            </foreignphrase></th>
                                        <th align="center"> The beer is good. </th>
                                    </tr>
                                </thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
                                    <td> The wine is not good. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Wein ist nicht gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
                                    <td> The coffee is good, too. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Kaffee ist auch gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
                                    <td> The restaurant is very good. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das Restaurant ist sehr
                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
                                    <td> Is the tea good? </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist der Tee gut?
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
                                    <td> Ho, the tea isn't very good. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Nein, der Tee ist nicht
                                            sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
                                    <td> Is the café good? </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist das Café gut?
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                        </para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="10%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <thead>
                                    <tr>
                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Streichhölzer sind nicht
                                                sehr gut.</foreignphrase></th>
                                        <th align="center"> The matches are not very good. </th>
                                    </tr>
                                </thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
                                    <td> The beer and the wine are good.</td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                                            Das Bier und der Wein sind gut.</foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The cigars are good, too.</td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Zigarren sind auch
                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
                                    <td> Are the coffee and the tea good? </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sind der Kaffee und der
                                            Tee gut? </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
                                    <td> Yes. they are very good. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, sie sind sehr gut.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                        </para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <informaltable>
                            <col width="10%"/>
                            <col width="45%"/>
                            <col width="45%"/>
                            <thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                            > Wo ist der Flughafen? Er ist dort rechts.
                                        </foreignphrase></th>
                                    <th align="center">Where is the airport? It's there to the
                                        right.</th>
                                </tr>
                            </thead>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
                                <td>Where Is the café? It's there to the left.</td>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist
                                        das Café? Es ist dort links.</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where Is the restaurant? It's there,
                                    too.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist das Restaurant? Es ist
                                        auch dort.</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
                                <td>Where is the bank? It's there straight ahead.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist die Bank? Sie ist dort
                                        geradeaus.</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
                                <td>Where is Mr. Schneider? He is here.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist Herr Schneider? Er ist
                                        hier.</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
                                <td>Where is Mrs. Schneider? She's here, too.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist Frau Schneider? Sie ist
                                        auch hier.</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
                                <td>Where is the station? It's over there, to the right</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist der Bahnhof? Er ist da
                                        drüben, rechts. </foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                        </informaltable>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <informaltable>
                            <col width="10%"/>
                            <col width="45%"/>
                            <col width="45%"/>
                            <thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                            >Wie ist der Kaffee? Er 1st out.</foreignphrase></th>
                                    <th align="center">How is the coffee? It is good.</th>
                                </tr>
                            </thead>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
                                <td>How is the milk? It's very good.</td>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie
                                        ist die Milch? Sie ist sehr gut.</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">How is the water? It's good, too.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist das Wasser? Es ist
                                        auch gut.</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
                                <td>How is the hotel? it's not very good.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist das Hotel? Es ist
                                        nicht sehr gut.</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
                                <td>How is the beer? It's very good here.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist das Bier? Es ist hier
                                        sehr gut</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
                                <td>How is the tea? It's not good.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist der Tee? Er ist nicht
                                        gut.</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
                                <td>How is the wine? It's very good, too.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist der Wein? Er ist auch
                                        sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                        </informaltable>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <informaltable>
                            <col width="10%"/>
                            <col width="45%"/>
                            <col width="45%"/>
                            <thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                            >Ich möchte gern Zigaretten haben.</foreignphrase></th>
                                    <th align="center"> I'd like to have some cigarettes.
                                        please.</th>
                                </tr>
                            </thead>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
                                <td>Would you like to have some cigars, too?</td>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                        >Möchten Sie auch Zigarren haben?</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">I'd like to have some matches.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich möchte gern Streichhölzer
                                        haben.</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
                                <td>Would you like to have some bread?</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Möchten Sie etwas Brot
                                        haben?</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
                                <td> I'd like to have some milk.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich möchte gern Milch
                                        haben.</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
                                <td>I'd like to have some sausage and sauerkraut.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Ich möchte gern Bratwurst mit
                                        Sauerkraut haben. </foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                        </informaltable>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <informaltable>
                            <col width="10%"/>
                            <col width="45%"/>
                            <col width="45%"/>
                            <thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                            > Ich möchte gerne essen.</foreignphrase></th>
                                    <th align="center">I'd like to eat.</th>
                                </tr>
                            </thead>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
                                <td>What would you like to eat?</td>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Was
                                        möchten Sie essen?</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I'd like to eat some sausage and
                                    sauerkraut.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Ich möchte Bratwurst mit
                                        Sauerkraut essen.</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
                                <td>Would you also like to eat some bread? Yes, I'd like to eat some
                                    bread. </td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Möchten Sie auch Brot essen?
                                        Ja, ich möchte gern etwas Brot essen. </foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                        </informaltable>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <informaltable>
                            <col width="10%"/>
                            <col width="45%"/>
                            <col width="45%"/>
                            <thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
                                            >Das ist der Bahnhof.</foreignphrase></th>
                                    <th align="center">That's the railroad station.</th>
                                </tr>
                            </thead>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
                                <td>Is that the embassy?</td>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Ist
                                        das die Botschaft?</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">No, that's not the embassy.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Nein, das ist nicht die
                                        Botschaft.</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
                                <td>That's the hotel. Is that Mr. Kunze?</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Das ist das Hotel. Ist das
                                        Herr Kunze?</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
                                <td>No, that's not Mr. Kunze.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Nein, das ist nicht Herr
                                        Kunze.</foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
                                <td>That's Mr. Schneider.</td>
                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Das ist Herr Schneider.
                                    </foreignphrase></td>
                            </tr>
                        </informaltable>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="10%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <thead>
                                    <tr>
                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Hier ist das Hotel.
                                            </foreignphrase></th>
                                        <th align="center"> Here is the hotel. </th>
                                    </tr>
                                </thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> a. </td>
                                    <td> There's the restaurant. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Dort ist das Restaurant.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> b. </td>
                                    <td> Over there is the airport. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Da drüben ist der
                                            Flughafen. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> c. </td>
                                    <td> There to the right is the embassy. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Dort rechts ist die
                                            Botschaft. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> d. </td>
                                    <td> Here on the left is the station. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Hier links ist der
                                            Bahnhof. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> e. </td>
                                    <td> Over there, to the right is the cafe. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Da drüben, rechts, ist
                                            das Cafe. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                        </para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="10%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <thead>
                                    <tr>
                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Zigarren kosten fünf Mark.
                                            </foreignphrase></th>
                                        <th align="center"> The cigars cost five marks. </th>
                                    </tr>
                                </thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> a. </td>
                                    <td> The beer costs one mark. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das Bier kostet eine
                                            Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> b. </td>
                                    <td> The wine costs two marks ten. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Wein kostet zwei Mark
                                            zehn. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> c. </td>
                                    <td> The matches cost ten pennies. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Streichhölzer kosten
                                            zehn Pfennig. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> d. </td>
                                    <td> The coffee costs three marks eight. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Kaffee kostet drei
                                            Mark acht. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> e. </td>
                                    <td> The tea costs two marks four. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Tee kostet zwei Mark
                                            vier. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> f. </td>
                                    <td> The milk costs twelve pennies. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Milch kostet zwölf
                                            Pfennig. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> g </td>
                                    <td> Bratwurst and sauerkraut costs two marks five. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut
                                            kostet zwei Mark fünf. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                        </para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>
                            <informaltable>
                                <col width="10%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <col width="45%"/>
                                <thead>
                                    <tr>
                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Drei und vier ist sieben.
                                            </foreignphrase></th>
                                        <th align="center"> Three and four is seven. </th>
                                    </tr>
                                </thead>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> a. </td>
                                    <td> Five and three is eight. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fünf und drei ist acht.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> b. </td>
                                    <td> How much is two and six? </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie viel ist zwei und
                                            sechs? </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> c. </td>
                                    <td> Seven and five is twelve. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sieben und fünf ist
                                            zwölf. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> d. </td>
                                    <td> Three and three is six. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Drei und drei ist sechs.
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> e. </td>
                                    <td> How much is seven and four? </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie viel ist sieben und
                                            vier? </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> f. </td>
                                    <td> Is nine and one eleven? </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist neun und eins elf?
                                        </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td> g. </td>
                                    <td> No, nine and one is ten. </td>
                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Nein, neun und eins ist
                                            zehn. </foreignphrase></td>
                                </tr>
                            </informaltable>
                        </para>
                    </listitem>
                </orderedlist></para>
        </section>
        <section>
            <title>Translation drill </title>
            <para> Students cover right-hand side of page and take turns giving the German version
                of the sentences in English column. The instructor must insist that each student
                give his version without hesitation. Go over the drill several times, until each
                student has had an opportunity to give all sentences.</para>
            <para> Unless students can do this drill confidently, they need more preparation.</para>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="10%"/>
                <col width="45%"/>
                <col width="45%"/>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 1. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is that the embassy? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            das die Botschaft? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 2. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, that's not the embassy, that is
                        the hotel. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, das ist nicht die Botschaft, das ist das Hotel.
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 3 .</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The embassy is over there, to the
                        left. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die
                            Botschaft ist da drüben, links. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 4. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How is the beer, is it good? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            ist das Bier, ist es gut? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 5. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, it's not very good. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, es ist nicht sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 6. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> What is that there, the airport? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Was
                            ist das dort, der Flughafen? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 7. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, that's the airport. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            das ist der Flughafen. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 8. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is Mr. Becker here? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            Herr Becker hier? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 9. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, he isn't (here). </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, er ist nicht hier. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">10. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is the wine good here? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            hier der Wein gut? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">11. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, it is (good here). </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            er ist gut hier. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">12. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Where is Miss Schneider? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
                            ist Fräulein Schneider? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">13. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Isn't she here? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            sie nicht hier? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">14. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, she isn't (here). </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, sie ist nicht hier. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">15. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How much does sausage and sauerkraut
                        cost? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            viel kostet Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">16. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> It doesn't cost much. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Es
                            kostet nicht viel. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">17. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Where are the cigars? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
                            sind die Zigarren? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">18. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Aren't they here? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sind
                            sie nicht hier? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">19. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, they aren't (here). </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, sie sind nicht hier. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">20. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> They cost four marks. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie
                            kosten vier Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">21. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Do you understand me? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Verstehen Sie mich? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">22. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> What did you say? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            bitte? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">23. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, I understand you very well. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            ich verstehe Sie sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">24. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Would you like to eat? </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Möchten Sie gern essen? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">25 </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, I would. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            gerne. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
        </section>
        <section>
            <title>Response drill </title>
            <para> Students are to prepare this drill at home. The questions are generally directed
                toward the situation or situations presented in the Basic Sentences. The answers
                suggested are obviously not the only possible answers to these questions, and the
                student should feel free to vary them or to replace them by his own formulations ad
                libitum, within the limitations of structure and vocabulary covered.</para>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="10%"/>
                <col width="45%"/>
                <col width="45%"/>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 1. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
                            ist Herr Becker? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er
                            ist dort drüben. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 2. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            das Frau Kunze? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, das ist nicht Frau Kunze. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 3.</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
                            sind Herr und Frau Schneider? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Herr
                            und Frau Schneider sind hier. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 4. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            geht es Ihnen? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Danke gut. Und Ihnen? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 5.</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Verstehen Sie mich? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            ich verstehe Sie gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 6. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Verstehen Sie mich auch gut? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, ich verstehe Sie nicht. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 7.</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
                            ist der Bahnhof? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
                            Bahnhof ist dort rechts. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 8. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            das der Bahnhof? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, das ist nicht der Bahnhof. Er ist dort, geradeaus.
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 9.</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
                            ist der Flughafen? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er
                            ist dort drüben. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 10. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            das Hotel dort links? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, es ist dort rechts. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 11. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
                            Restaurant ist dort drüben, nicht wahr? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            es ist dort drüben, geradeaus. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 12. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Was
                            ist das dort? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
                            ist die Botschaft. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 13. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
                            ist hier die Bank? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die
                            Bank ist hier links. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 14. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> 1st
                            das die Botschaft da drüben? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            das ist die Botschaft. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 15. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            ist das Cafe? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
                            Cafe ist sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 16. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            das Restaurant auch gut? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, das Restaurant ist nicht sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 17. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            sagt man "good bye" auf deutsch? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Man
                            sagt "Auf Wiedersehen". </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 18.</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            sagt man "thank you" auf deutsch? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Man
                            sagt "Danke schön". </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 19. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Was
                            möchten Sie haben? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich
                            möchte zehn Zigaretten haben. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 20. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Möchten Sie auch Zigarren haben? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            ich möchte auch Zigarren haben. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 21. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            viele möchten Sie haben? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Vier, bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 22. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Möchten Sie auch Streichhölzer haben? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            ich möchte auch Streichhölzer haben. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 23. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            viel kosten die Zigarren? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die
                            Zigarren kosten eine Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 24. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Kostet das Bier eine Mark? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, es kostet eine Mark zehn. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 25. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            viel kostet der Wein? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er
                            kostet sechs Mark fünf. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 26. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            viel kosten der Kaffee und der Tee? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
                            Kaffee und der Tee kosten fünf Mark zwölf. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 27. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Möchten Sie gern etwas essen? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            ich möchte gern etwas essen. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 28. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Was
                            möchten Sie essen? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich
                            möchte Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut essen. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 29. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Möchten Sie auch Brot essen? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            ich möchte auch etwas Brot essen. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 30. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            ist hier das Bier? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
                            Bier ist hier sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 31. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            der Wein auch gut? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            der Wein ist auch sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 32. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            ist der Kaffee? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
                            Kaffee ist nicht gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 33. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            der Tee auch nicht gut? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, er ist auch nicht gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 34. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            die Milch gut? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ja,
                            die Milch ist sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 35. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            viel ist zwei und zwei? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Zwei
                            und zwei ist vier. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 36. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            drei und vier acht? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, drei und vier ist sieben. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 37. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            viel ist fünf und vier? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fünf
                            und vier ist neun. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 38. </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            sechs und fünf zwölf? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, sechs und fünf ist nicht zwölf. Sechs und fünf ist elf.
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
        </section>
        <section>
            <title>Conversation practice</title>
            <para> Students keep books closed. Preparation before class is recommended.</para>
            <para> The instructor reads one conversational bout three or four times, out loud, at
                normal speed. Class listens and students memorize.</para>
            <para> The instructor and one student now 'play back' the conversation. Repeat each bout
                until each student has taken each part once. Then proceed to the next bout.</para>
            <para> Keep the ball rolling. If students are hesitant, abandon this drill for the day.
                Students will prepare themselves at home for the next repetition of the
                drill.</para>
            <para> The instructor will POSTPONE CORRECTING OF MISTAKES during a bout until after it
                is concluded so as not to discourage the student. After the bout, the instructor
                simply says the mistaken or mispronounced item to the student and has him repeat it
                after him.</para>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="10%"/>
                <col width="90%"/>
                <tr>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center" valign="top">
                        <emphasis role="bold">1</emphasis>
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> A: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
                            ist die Botschaft hier in Bonn? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> B: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die
                            Botschaft ist dort, geradeaus. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> A: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            bitte? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> B: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie
                            ist dort, geradeaus. Verstehen Sie mich? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> A: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            danke. Und wo ist der Flughafen? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> B: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
                            Flughafen ist da links. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> A: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Danke schön. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="10%"/>
                <col width="90%"/>
                <tr>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center" valign="top">
                        <emphasis role="bold">2</emphasis>
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> S:</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Guten Tag, Herr Becker. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> K:</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Guten Tag, Herr Kunze. Wie geht es Ihnen? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> S: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Danke, gut. Und Ihnen? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> K:</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Auch gut, danke. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> S:</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Wie ist das Bier hier? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> K:</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Es ist sehr gut und der Wein ist auch gut. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> S:</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Wie viel kostet das Bier? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> K:</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Es kostet eine Mark zehn. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> S:</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Möchten Sie auch etwas essen? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> K:</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, danke. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="10%"/>
                <col width="90%"/>
                <tr>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center" valign="top"><emphasis role="bold"> 3
                        </emphasis></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> C: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Guten Morgen. Ich möchte gern zehn Zigarren haben. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> D: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Bitte. Möchten Sie auch Zigaretten haben? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> C: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, danke. Aber ich möchte Streichhölzer haben. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> D: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Hier
                            bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> C:</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            viel kosten die Zigarren? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> D:</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie
                            kästen fünf Mark sieben. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="10%"/>
                <col width="90%"/>
                <tr>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center" valign="top"><emphasis role="bold"> 4
                        </emphasis></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> E: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Verzeihung, wo ist das Restaurant? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> F:</td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
                            Restaurant ist dort, rechts. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> E: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
                            das der Flughafen dort drüben? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> F: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
                            Nein, das ist nicht der Flughafen, das ist der Bahnhof. Der Flughafen
                            ist dort, links. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> E: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
                            bitte? Ich verstehe Sie nicht. Sprechen Sie bitte langsam.
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> F: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
                            ist nicht der Flughafen, das ist der Bahnhof. Der Flughafen ist dort,
                            links. Verstehen Sie mich? </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> E: </td>
                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
                            ich verstehe Sie. Auf Wiedersehen. </foreignphrase></td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
        </section>
        <section>
            <title>Situations</title>
            <para> You are now ready for free conversation. Act out the following situations, Which
                are slight variations on the basic sentences, as freely and fluently as you can,
                making use of all the patterns you have learned.</para>
            <para><emphasis role="bold"> Finding the Way</emphasis></para>
            <para> An American has just arrived in Germany and doesn't understand too well yet. He
                asks a German on the street where the hotel is. The German tells him it's over there
                to the left. The American doesn't understand him and asks him to say it again
                please.</para>
            <para> He still does not understand and asks the German to speak slowly. The latter
                repeats much slower and asks the American if he understands. The American says he
                does, thanks him and says good-bye.</para>
            <para> Go through this conversation again with the American asking for the embassy,
                cafe, airport, etc., and the German giving different directions: straight ahead,
                over there, to the right, etc.</para>
            <para><emphasis role="bold"> Question Practice</emphasis></para>
            <para> Each student asks the next student a question in addition (numbers one to
                twelve). He answers it and asks the next student, etc. </para>
            <para><emphasis role="bold">At the Cigar Store </emphasis></para>
            <para>Mr. Becker is the proprietor of a cigar store. Mr. Schneider stops in for some
                cigarettes. They exchange greetings, and Mr. Becker asks what Mr. Schneider would
                like. After getting him the cigarettes he asks if Mr. Schneider would like some
                cigars, too. He says no thanks, but he would like some matches. Figuring up his own
                bill he says that costs one mark ten, doesn't it, but Mr. Becker says no, it costs
                two marks. Mr. Schneider gives him the money, and they say good-bye to each other. </para>
            <para><emphasis role="bold">At the Restaurant </emphasis></para>
            <para>Miss Schneider is the waitress in a restaurant. Mr. Kunze greets her as he comes
                in and asks how she is. She returns his greeting and asks if he is well, too. He
                says yes, thanks, and asks if they have sausage and sauerkraut, and how the beer and
                the wine are, etc. Finally he says he'd like to have sausage and sauerkraut, beer
                and some bread. After the meal he pays her - it costs three marks - and says
                good-bye.</para>
        </section>
        <section>
            <title>Finder list</title>
            <para> FINDER LIST</para>
            <informaltable>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <col width="50%"/>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Abend </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> evening </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> aber </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> but </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> acht </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> eight </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auch </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> also, too </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auch nicht </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> not ... either </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auf deutsch </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> in German </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Auf Wiedersehen'. </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> good-bye </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Bahnhof </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> station </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Bank </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> bank </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das Bier </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> beer </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> bitte </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> please </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> bitte schön </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> here you are </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Botschaft </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> embassy </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut
                        </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> sausage and sauerkraut </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Brot </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> bread </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das Café</foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> cafe </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> da </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> there </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> danke </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> thanks </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> danke schön </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> many thanks </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> that </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> dort </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> there </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> drei </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> three </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> drüben </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> over there </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> eins </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> one </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> elf </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> eleven </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> er </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> he, it </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> es </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> it </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> essen </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> eat </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> etwas Brot </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> some bread </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Flughafen </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> airport </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Frau </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> Mrs. </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Frau Kunze </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> Mrs. Kunze </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fräulein </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> Miss </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fräulein Schneider </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> Miss Schneider </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> fünf </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> five </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> geht </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> goes </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> geradeaus </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> straight ahead </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> gern(e) </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> with pleasure </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> gut </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> good, well </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> guten Abend </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> good evening </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> guten Morgen </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> good morning </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> guten Tag </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> hello (good by) </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> haben </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> have </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Herr </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> Mr. </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Herr Becker </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> Mr. Becker </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> hier </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> here </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das Hotel </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> hotel </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> I </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ihnen </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> to you, with you </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ist </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> is </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> yes </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Kaffee </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> coffee </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> kosten </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> cost </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> kostet </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> costs </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> langsam </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> slow, slowly </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> links </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> left, to the left </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> man </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> one, you </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Mark </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> Mark, Marks </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> eine Mark </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> one Mark </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zwei Mark </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> two Marks </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> mich </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> me (acc) </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Milch </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> milk </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> möchten </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> would like </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> möchten Sie </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> would you like </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich möchte </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> I would like </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich möchte gern </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> I'd like very much </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Morgen </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> morning </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> nein </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> no </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> neun </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> nine </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> nicht </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> not </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> nicht wahr? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> isn1t it (not true)? </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> nochmal </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> again </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> null </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> zero </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Pfennig </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> penny, pennies </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> rechts </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> to the right </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das Restaurant </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> restaurant </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sagt </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> says </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sagt man </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> does one say </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sechs </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> six </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sehr </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> very </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sie </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> she, it </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> you </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sieben </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> seven </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sind </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> are </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sprechen </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> speak </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Streichhölzer </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> matches </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Tag </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> day </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Tee </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> tea </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> und </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> and </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> verstehen </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> understand </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> verstehen Sie </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> do you understand </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich verstehe </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> I understand </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verzeihung </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> excuse me </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> vier </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> four </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> was </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> What </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das Wasser </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> water </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Wein </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> wine </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> how </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie bitte? </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> I beg your pardon. What did you say? </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie viel </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> now much </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie viele </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> how many </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wo </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> Where </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zehn </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> ten </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Zigaretten </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> cigarettes </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Zigarren </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> cigars </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zwei </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> two </td>
                </tr>
                <tr valign="top">
                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zwölf </foreignphrase></td>
                    <td> twelve </td>
                </tr>
            </informaltable>
        </section>
    </chapter>
    <chapter>
        <title/>
        <para/>
    </chapter>
</book>