123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479480481482483484485486487488489490491492493494495496497498499500501502503504505506507508509510511512513514515516517518519520521522523524525526527528529530531532533534535536537538539540541542543544545546547548549550551552553554555556557558559560561562563564565566567568569570571572573574575576577578579580581582583584585586587588589590591592593594595596597598599600601602603604605606607608609610611612613614615616617618619620621622623624625626627628629630631632633634635636637638639640641642643644645646647648649650651652653654655656657658659660661662663664665666667668669670671672673674675676677678679680681682683684685686687688689690691692693694695696697698699700701702703704705706707708709710711712713714715716717718719720721722723724725726727728729730731732733734735736737738739740741742743744745746747748749750751752753754755756757758759760761762763764765766767768769770771772773774775776777778779780781782783784785786787788789790791792793794795796797798799800801802803804805806807808809810811812813814815816817818819820821822823824825826827828829830831832833834835836837838839840841842843844845846847848849850851852853854855856857858859860861862863864865866867868869870871872873874875876877878879880881882883884885886887888889890891892893894895896897898899900901902903904905906907908909910911912913914915916917918919920921922923924925926927928929930931932933934935936937938939940941942943944945946947948949950951952953954955956957958959960961962963964965966967968969970971972973974975976977978979980981982983984985986987988989990991992993994995996997998999100010011002100310041005100610071008100910101011101210131014101510161017101810191020102110221023102410251026102710281029103010311032103310341035103610371038103910401041104210431044104510461047104810491050105110521053105410551056105710581059106010611062106310641065106610671068106910701071107210731074107510761077107810791080108110821083108410851086108710881089109010911092109310941095109610971098109911001101110211031104110511061107110811091110111111121113111411151116111711181119112011211122112311241125112611271128112911301131113211331134113511361137113811391140114111421143114411451146114711481149115011511152115311541155115611571158115911601161116211631164116511661167116811691170117111721173117411751176117711781179118011811182118311841185118611871188118911901191119211931194119511961197119811991200120112021203120412051206120712081209121012111212121312141215121612171218121912201221122212231224122512261227122812291230123112321233123412351236123712381239124012411242124312441245124612471248124912501251125212531254125512561257125812591260126112621263126412651266126712681269127012711272127312741275127612771278127912801281128212831284128512861287128812891290129112921293129412951296129712981299130013011302130313041305130613071308130913101311131213131314131513161317131813191320132113221323132413251326132713281329133013311332133313341335133613371338133913401341134213431344134513461347134813491350135113521353135413551356135713581359136013611362136313641365136613671368136913701371137213731374137513761377137813791380138113821383138413851386138713881389139013911392139313941395139613971398139914001401140214031404140514061407140814091410141114121413141414151416141714181419142014211422142314241425142614271428142914301431143214331434143514361437143814391440144114421443144414451446144714481449145014511452145314541455145614571458145914601461146214631464146514661467146814691470147114721473147414751476147714781479148014811482148314841485148614871488148914901491149214931494149514961497149814991500150115021503150415051506150715081509151015111512151315141515151615171518151915201521152215231524152515261527152815291530153115321533153415351536153715381539154015411542154315441545154615471548154915501551155215531554155515561557155815591560156115621563156415651566156715681569157015711572157315741575157615771578157915801581158215831584158515861587158815891590159115921593159415951596159715981599160016011602160316041605160616071608160916101611161216131614161516161617161816191620162116221623162416251626162716281629163016311632163316341635163616371638163916401641164216431644164516461647164816491650165116521653165416551656165716581659166016611662166316641665166616671668166916701671167216731674167516761677167816791680168116821683168416851686168716881689169016911692169316941695169616971698169917001701170217031704170517061707170817091710171117121713171417151716171717181719172017211722172317241725172617271728172917301731173217331734173517361737173817391740174117421743174417451746174717481749175017511752175317541755175617571758175917601761176217631764176517661767176817691770177117721773177417751776177717781779178017811782178317841785178617871788178917901791179217931794179517961797179817991800180118021803180418051806180718081809181018111812181318141815181618171818181918201821182218231824182518261827182818291830183118321833183418351836183718381839184018411842184318441845184618471848184918501851185218531854185518561857185818591860186118621863186418651866186718681869187018711872187318741875187618771878187918801881188218831884188518861887188818891890189118921893189418951896189718981899190019011902190319041905190619071908190919101911191219131914191519161917191819191920192119221923192419251926192719281929193019311932193319341935193619371938193919401941194219431944194519461947194819491950195119521953195419551956195719581959196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040204120422043204420452046204720482049205020512052205320542055205620572058205920602061206220632064206520662067206820692070207120722073207420752076207720782079208020812082208320842085208620872088208920902091209220932094209520962097209820992100210121022103210421052106210721082109211021112112211321142115211621172118211921202121212221232124212521262127212821292130213121322133213421352136213721382139214021412142214321442145214621472148214921502151215221532154215521562157215821592160216121622163216421652166216721682169217021712172217321742175217621772178217921802181218221832184218521862187218821892190219121922193219421952196219721982199220022012202220322042205220622072208220922102211221222132214221522162217221822192220222122222223222422252226222722282229223022312232223322342235223622372238223922402241224222432244224522462247224822492250225122522253225422552256225722582259226022612262226322642265226622672268226922702271227222732274227522762277227822792280228122822283228422852286228722882289229022912292229322942295229622972298229923002301230223032304230523062307230823092310231123122313231423152316231723182319232023212322232323242325232623272328232923302331233223332334233523362337233823392340234123422343234423452346234723482349235023512352235323542355235623572358235923602361236223632364236523662367236823692370237123722373237423752376237723782379238023812382238323842385238623872388238923902391239223932394239523962397239823992400240124022403240424052406240724082409241024112412241324142415241624172418241924202421242224232424242524262427242824292430243124322433243424352436243724382439244024412442244324442445244624472448244924502451245224532454245524562457245824592460246124622463246424652466246724682469247024712472247324742475247624772478247924802481248224832484248524862487248824892490249124922493249424952496249724982499250025012502250325042505250625072508250925102511251225132514251525162517251825192520252125222523252425252526252725282529253025312532253325342535253625372538253925402541254225432544254525462547254825492550255125522553255425552556255725582559256025612562256325642565256625672568256925702571257225732574257525762577257825792580258125822583258425852586258725882589259025912592259325942595259625972598259926002601260226032604260526062607260826092610261126122613261426152616261726182619262026212622262326242625262626272628262926302631263226332634263526362637263826392640264126422643264426452646264726482649265026512652265326542655265626572658265926602661266226632664266526662667266826692670267126722673267426752676267726782679268026812682268326842685268626872688268926902691269226932694269526962697269826992700270127022703270427052706270727082709271027112712271327142715271627172718271927202721272227232724272527262727272827292730273127322733273427352736273727382739274027412742274327442745274627472748274927502751275227532754275527562757275827592760276127622763276427652766276727682769277027712772277327742775277627772778277927802781278227832784278527862787278827892790279127922793279427952796279727982799280028012802280328042805280628072808280928102811281228132814281528162817281828192820282128222823282428252826282728282829283028312832283328342835283628372838283928402841284228432844284528462847284828492850285128522853285428552856285728582859286028612862286328642865286628672868286928702871287228732874287528762877287828792880288128822883288428852886288728882889289028912892289328942895289628972898289929002901290229032904290529062907290829092910291129122913291429152916291729182919292029212922292329242925292629272928292929302931293229332934293529362937293829392940294129422943294429452946294729482949295029512952295329542955295629572958295929602961296229632964296529662967296829692970297129722973297429752976297729782979298029812982298329842985298629872988298929902991299229932994299529962997299829993000300130023003300430053006300730083009301030113012301330143015301630173018301930203021302230233024302530263027302830293030303130323033303430353036303730383039304030413042304330443045304630473048304930503051305230533054305530563057305830593060306130623063306430653066306730683069307030713072307330743075307630773078307930803081308230833084308530863087308830893090309130923093309430953096309730983099310031013102310331043105310631073108310931103111311231133114311531163117311831193120312131223123312431253126312731283129313031313132313331343135313631373138313931403141314231433144314531463147314831493150315131523153315431553156315731583159316031613162316331643165316631673168316931703171317231733174317531763177317831793180318131823183318431853186318731883189319031913192319331943195319631973198319932003201320232033204320532063207320832093210321132123213321432153216321732183219322032213222322332243225322632273228322932303231323232333234323532363237323832393240324132423243324432453246324732483249325032513252325332543255325632573258325932603261326232633264326532663267326832693270327132723273327432753276327732783279328032813282328332843285328632873288328932903291329232933294329532963297329832993300330133023303330433053306330733083309331033113312331333143315331633173318331933203321332233233324332533263327332833293330333133323333333433353336333733383339334033413342334333443345334633473348334933503351335233533354335533563357335833593360336133623363336433653366336733683369337033713372337333743375337633773378337933803381338233833384338533863387338833893390339133923393339433953396339733983399340034013402340334043405340634073408340934103411341234133414341534163417341834193420342134223423342434253426342734283429343034313432343334343435343634373438343934403441344234433444344534463447344834493450345134523453345434553456345734583459346034613462346334643465346634673468346934703471347234733474347534763477347834793480348134823483348434853486348734883489349034913492349334943495349634973498349935003501350235033504350535063507350835093510351135123513351435153516 |
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <!DOCTYPE html
- PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
- <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>GERMAN Basic Course</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.2"/></head><body><div xml:lang="en" class="book"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d5e1"/>GERMAN Basic Course</h1></div><div><h2 class="subtitle">UNITS 1 - 12</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="orgname">Foreign Service Institute</span></h3></div></div></div><hr/></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="preface"><a href="#d5e10">Preface</a></span></dt><dt><span class="preface"><a href="#d5e18">Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#d5e40">1. Unit 1</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e42">Basic sentences: <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wir sind in
- Deutschland</em></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e820">Notes on pronunciation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e1085">Notes on grammar</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e1419">Substitution drill.</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e1686">Variation drill</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2399">Translation drill</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2532">Response drill</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2767">Conversation practice</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2918">Situations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2935">Finder list</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#d5e3369">2. </a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="colophon"><h1 class="title"><a id="d5e7"/></h1><p/></div><div class="preface"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d5e10"/>Preface</h1></div></div></div><p>This Basic Course in German has been designed to assist United States Government
- representatives who require a command of spoken German. The general concept of this text has
- grown out of the plan of Spoken Language courses prepared under the auspices of the American
- Council of Learned Societies during World War II. But pattern drills and other exercises have
- been developed extensively at the Foreign Service Institute to provide a much fuller
- manipulation of forms and patterns, and a conscious attempt has been made to adapt situations
- and vocabulary to specific needs of the Foreign Service. And the course is intended to lay a
- solid foundation for comprehensive language skills, providing systematically for the
- development of reading proficiency based on oral- aural skills.</p><p>This text is the end-product of several years of work and has benefited from the labors of
- many members and former members of the FSI staff. In its present form it was prepared under
- the supervision of Or. Samuel A. Brown, who has had overall responsibility for the arrangement
- of situational material and for the organization and presentation of structural features.
- Particular credit for the dialogs and much of the drill material goes to Mrs. Use Christoph.
- Mrs. Christoph has been assisted by Mrs. Maria-Luise Bissonnette, Mr Friedrich Lehmann, Mr.
- Gerhard Matzel, Mrs. Margarete Plischke and Mrs. Erika Quaid. A most valuable contribution was
- also made by Mrs. Quaid in preparing the major part of the typescript, assisted by Miss
- Geneviève Ducastel. The project has been a cooperative venture, however, and all members of
- the German staff have contributed freely the fruit of their classroom experience and the gifts
- of their imagination and insight.<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../../Images/Fsi-GermanBasicCourse-Volume1-StudentText-4.png"/></span></p><p>H. E. Sollenberger Dean, School of Languages Foreign Service Institute</p></div><div class="preface"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d5e18"/>Introduction</h1></div></div></div><p>AIM</p><p>It is the aim of the course to provide the student with a useful control of the structure
- of the spoken language and of a basic vocabulary which meets at least some of the specialized
- needs of the Foreign Service. After completion of the basic course the Foreign Service Officer
- should be able to make limited practical use of the language in his official duties and social
- obligations. He will furthermore have the means, given the proper surroundings and personal
- motivation, for continued rapid and efficient development of proficiency.</p><p>MATERIALS</p><p>The materials in this first volume of the text are organized into twelve lessons or units.
- Each unit contains a set of basic sentences for memorization. These are in the form of a
- dialog based on one or sometimes two specific situations in which a person might find himself
- in Germany. Notes to the basic sentences are provided as necessary to clarify occasional
- difficulties in vocabulary and idiom and to provide additional background on some cultural
- features unfamiliar to Americans. Notes on pronunciation are included in each of the first
- eight units. Phonological features which have been found to be particularly difficult for
- American students are here presented with explanations and pronunciation practice drills. The
- notes on grammar in each unit single out those structural features illustrated in the basic
- sentences which are appropriate for systematic consideration at that stage in the course.
- Substitution drills provide for the manipulation of forms by substituting specific items in
- fixed sentence frames. They are intended to build habits of association, so that in a given
- syntactic environment the appropriate grammatical form automatically comes to mind. As the
- German vocabulary is all familiar, no English equivalents are given in these drills. Variation
- drills provide for the manipulation of larger syntactic patterns. In each group a model
- sentence, underscored, serves as a guide. Associated with it are additional sentences
- incorporating the same syntactic pattern but in which most of the individual word items have
- been replaced. English equivalents are given to serve as cues for recall of the German variant
- sentences. Vocabulary drills provide both practice in the use of new vocabulary items and also
- allow for manipulation of sentence elements whose particular form and arrangement depends upon
- their association with that vocabulary item. The manipulation of both variation and vocabulary
- drills depends on the use of English equivalents. Specific translation drills are also
- provided, however. In most cases they present the material of the basic dialog in the form of
- a narrative. They thus provide content review of the basic sentences and practice in the
- transformation from active dialog to descriptive narration. The response drills are question
- and answer drills on the situations of the basic dialogs. Conversation practice and additional
- situations in outline bridge the gap to free conversation with small pieces of supplementary
- dialog for acting out and situations providing for a freer play of the student's imagination.
- The finder list in each unit notes all new vocabulary which has been presented.</p><p>METHOD AND PROCEDURE</p><p>This is a course in Spoken German; the forms and patterns of the language are
- intentionally colloquial. The emphasis in instruction is everywhere on speech, and an
- indispensable component of the learning process is the voice of a tutor, or instructor, whose
- native language is German. On no account should the student attempt to use these materials
- without either a native instructor or recordings of a native instructor's voice. The method of
- instruction incorporates guided imitation, repetition, memorization, pattern practice, and
- conversation.</p><p>Working under the supervision of a linguist the tutor's role is to serve as a model for
- speech and to guide the student to accurate imitation by constant repetition and correction.
- The student's Job is to watch and listen to the tutor carefully and to imitate as exactly as
- he can the sounds which he hears. He must be prepared for constant correction and repetition.
- Each time however the instructor will give him a model to follow by repeating the item first.
- The student should never attempt to read from his text but should always wait until he hears
- the word or utterance as the tutor speaks it for him. As far as possible he should leave his
- book closed during the presentation of new dialog material and keep his eyes on the tutor,
- students will be asked to repeat in chorus and individually and will be expected to repeat
- many, many times, even when their imitation has been good and accurate. Only by constant
- repetition after an authentic model for speech can habitual fluent and accurate reproduction
- of the sounds and forms of the foreign language be achieved.</p><p>The basic sentences are preceded by "build-ups" giving the component parts of the
- utterance separately. Each new item which is introduced appears first as a build-up. The tutor
- will ask the students to repeat the build-ups separately first, then combined into larger
- units and finally the complete new sentence or utterance. The basic sentences are sub-divided
- into numbered sections, each to be treated as a unit, repeated in chorus and individually,
- with and without build-ups, until the students' imitation is satisfactory. Then a new section
- may be begun. The time required to cover each section in this way will differ widely depending
- on the size and ability of the class. After acceptable imitation and accurate pronunciation
- has been achieved in one or more sections they are assigned for memorization outside of class
- or repeated in class until memorized. The student should be able to give either the German
- sentence or its English equivalent on request or switch from one to the other and back again.
- The tutor will drill by repeating each sentence for each student in the class, then by giving
- each student a different sentence, repeating it for him first, and finally asking the students
- to recite the sentences in order, the first student the first sentence, the second student the
- second sentence, etc., without receiving a cue from the instructor. Repetition outside of
- class, preferably using recorded materials as a guide, should be continued to the point of
- over-learning. The student should not only be able to give the correct German sentence
- immediately upon hearing an English equivalent, at random selection, he should also be able to
- give the correct German sentence with equal ease and speed of response upon hearing its German
- cue. As a final step the students are expected to act out the basic dialog in entirety from
- memory, with the tutor or with other students. Only when the basic sentences have been
- mastered to this extent can they be considered to provide an adequate basis for control of the
- spoken language. It should be noted at this point that the English text accompanying the basic
- sentences is not primarily a translation but rather a set of conversational equivalents. Many
- apparent discrepancies will be found if the student, or the tutor, looks for word-for-word
- correspondence between the English and German text. It does not exist. Rather, in such and
- such a situation this is what is said in German and this is what is said in English.</p><p>The pronunciation practice drills are to be taken up after the presentation of the basic
- sentences has been completed and memorization has been started. Items are arranged in groups
- according to the particular phonological feature concerned. Words in vertical columns present
- the same phonological feature in different environments. Several columns in a practice group
- contain related phonological features or related phonological environments in which the same
- feature recurs. Words are to be repeated first in chorus and then individually by each student
- after the tutor, at first following the vertical columns and later, for variation and
- comparison, horizontally across the page. Particular attention should be paid to items in
- contrast. These are minimum meaningfully distinctive sound patterns, accurate control of which
- is important for communication and comprehension. Contrasting word pairs are linked by a dash,
- and after separate practice for accuracy the items should be repeated by pairs to bring out
- the exact distinctions between them.</p><p>The notes on grammar are earmarked for home study. After each unit has been started and
- the first hour or more has been spent in class on repetition of the basic sentences the
- student should read through the grammar notes to acquaint himself with the grammatical points
- presented in that unit. During the whole time a particular unit is being worked on in class
- the student should continue to study the grammar section. Many questions which he may feel
- tempted to raise in class will be found to be answered in the notes on grammar. The tutor is
- specifically requested not to discuss the language with his students, and the students are
- asked not to ply him with questions. Time in class is to be spent using and manipulating the
- language and not in talking about it. In each unit one or more grammatical features are
- presented, and the basic sentences have been designed, as far as is possible consistent with
- natural expression, to incorporate and illustrate those features. Each point of grammar
- discussed is illustrated by sentences which are natural utterances in the language. They are
- taken in nearly every case from the basic sentences of the current or preceding units. Thus
- the examples are already familiar to the student, and the patterns they contain, which will be
- drilled and practiced in the sections to follow, are patterns which the student has already
- begun to assimilate by memorizing the sentences of the dialog.</p><p>After the basic sentences of a unit have all been repeated several times and memorization
- has been well begun, work can be started on the drills. The material is designed to provide a
- maximum of additional experience in using the forms and patterns of the language learned in
- the basic sentences. It is not assumed, however, that the learner is automatically able to
- transfer the experience gained in the basic sentences to error-free manipulation of these
- forms and patterns. The drills are by no means a test of what the student can do with the
- elements given him. It is a matter of no great importance whether he can or cannot "figure
- them out" by himself. The goal is to learn to speak the language accurately and fluently, and
- this aim can only be achieved by correct repetition of the forms and patterns involved.
- Therefore all the sentences in each drill group are first to be repeated after the tutor in
- their correct form. The tutor then cues each student in turn for repetition of one of the
- drill sentences until all students have given all sentences correctly.</p><p>In the substitution drills the model sentence and all its variants are first repeated in
- chorus after the tutor. He then gives the model sentence again, the class repeats it in
- chorus, after which each student is cued individually with an item to be substituted and
- repeats the sentence with the substitution called for. In some cases the cue is the exact form
- which fits into the sentence. In some cases a cue is given which requires the student to
- choose the proper form to fit the syntactic environment of the model. Regardless of which type
- of cue is given or how simple or complex the exercise may appear to be, the student's task is
- to make the substitution without hesitation and to repeat the sentence accurately at normal
- conversational speed. Although no English equivalents are given in the substitution drills and
- the first task is rapid, fluent and accurate manipulation of the material in German. The tutor
- may ask for spot translations into English here and there, and on the second or third
- repetition of the drill he may give English equivalents as word or sentence cues in place of
- the German cues provided.</p><p>In most of the variation drills and in all of the vocabulary drills the cues take the form
- of equivalent English sentences. Basic procedure remains the same as in the substitution
- drills. All sentences in a given variation or vocabulary group are first repeated after the
- tutor in their correct form. The tutor then gives the pattern sentence again, and the students
- repeat it in chorus, after which they are required individually to recall and repeat the
- correct German sentences for which an English equivalent is given. Students may work with
- their books open here, covering up the right-hand side of the page on Which the German
- sentences are printed and taking their cues from the English sentences on the left-hand side
- of the page.</p><p>Conversion drills require the conversion of one or more elements in a sentence from one
- form to another - singular to plural, present tense to past tense, etc. No English is provided
- for these sentences as a rule. However, as in the substitution drills the tutor may ask for a
- random spot translation into English, and he may go through the drill a second or third time
- giving English sentence cues for which the student gives the German equivalent.</p><p>Translation and response drills, as noted above, are in most cases directly related to the
- basic sentences. In translation drills the procedure is similar to that followed in variation
- and vocabulary drills. Students may work with their books open, covering the German text and
- reading the English sentences themselves, or if preferred, books may be left closed while the
- tutor gives the English equivalents. In the response drills it is often appropriate for the
- tutor to address two or three questions to the same student and then two or three more to the
- next, so that the drill takes on a more natural character of conversational interchange. Both
- drills should be repeated in entirety several times, however, or until all students have had a
- chance to respond to all items.</p><p>It will be noted that all drill material is provided with both a cue and a correct
- response, so that all may be prepared by the student outside of class and repeated and
- practiced by him as often as necessary to achieve complete accuracy and fluency. In many cases
- there is more than one possible response to a given cue, and instructors are encouraged to
- accept all responses which are truly equivalent. If a correct response has been given,
- however, instructors are not to suggest variant forms which may occur to them, as this only
- introduces unnecessary complexity of choice to an exercise which is difficult enough as it
- is.</p><p>In the conversation practice brief conversations, usually on the same theme as the basic
- dialog, are read through by the tutor three or four times while students listen. Then the
- tutor takes one role while one student takes the other, and they repeat the conversation
- together. The student's aim here is not primarily to memorize and repeat exactly, but to give
- as accurate an equivalent as possible in his own words. After acting out the conversation with
- the tutor the student goes through it again with another student, he in turn with the next
- student, and so on until all have taken both parts in the dialog.</p><p>The situations are brief descriptions, in English in the earlier units, later in German,
- of occurrences similar to those on which the basic dialogs are based. Two or more students
- then act out what has been described in their own way and using their ov.i words. They are
- free to use their imagination and fill in any supplementary details that occur to them. The
- whole conversation should not be prolonged however more than four or five minutes maximum
- duration. Then other students may try their hand at the same situation.</p><p>The narratives, beginning with the fifth unit, are designed for reading purposes. In the
- early units they introduce a minimum of additional vocabulary and unfamiliar forms, and they
- may be used in the class for oral narration, the student re-telling in his own words what he
- has read. In later units some features of expository prose - matters of both form and style -
- which differ from normal spoken usage are introduced through the narratives in order to bridge
- the gap between conversational German and those reading skills of a specialized nature which
- require particular study and attention.</p><p>The ultimate goal of the course, as has been stated above, is to speak accurately,
- fluently and easily. The text provides for the assimilation of all basic forms and patterns of
- the language by the guided imitation, memorization, and manipulation of a large number of
- sentences and by practice in confronting several widely occurring everyday situations. Actual
- living use of the language in free conversation is a necessary and essential adjunct. The
- tutor should therefore encourage his students from the start to use the language in every way
- possible, above and beyond what is provided for in the text. After the first few days of work
- both students and tutors should avoid the use of English in the classroom for any purpose at
- all, and they are encouraged to speak German outside the classroom as well. Only by constant
- use of the skill he is learning can the student hope to master it and retain it as a useful
- tool of his profession.</p></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d5e40"/>Chapter 1. Unit 1</h1></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e42">Basic sentences: <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wir sind in
- Deutschland</em></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e820">Notes on pronunciation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e1085">Notes on grammar</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e1419">Substitution drill.</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e1686">Variation drill</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2399">Translation drill</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2532">Response drill</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2767">Conversation practice</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2918">Situations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2935">Finder list</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e42"/>Basic sentences: <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wir sind in
- Deutschland</em></span></h2></div></div></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center" colspan="2">I</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>Good morning</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Morgen </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Good morning.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Morgen. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>Mr.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>Becker</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Becker </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>Mr. Becker</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr Becker </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Good morning, Mr. Becker.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Morgen, Herr Becker.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>day</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Tag </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Hello (Good day).</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Tag. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>Mrs.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>Kunze</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Kunze </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>Mrs. Kunze</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau Kunze </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Hello , Mrs. Kunze.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Tag, Frau Kunze.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>evening</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Abend </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Good evening.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Abend. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>Miss</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>Schneider</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Schneider </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>Miss Schneider</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein Schneider
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Good evening, Miss Schneider.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Abend, Fräulein Schneider.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center" colspan="2">II</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Hello, Miss Schneider.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Tag,
- Fräulein Schneider. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Hello, Mr. Becker.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Tag,
- Herr Becker. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">how</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">goes</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> geht
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">it</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> es
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">to you, with you</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ihnen
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">How are you? (how goes it with you?)</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie geht es
- Ihnen? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">thanks</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> danke
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">very</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sehr
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">good, well</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gut
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Fine, Thanks.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Danke, sehr
- gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">and</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">And how are you, Mr. Becker?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Und wie geht
- es Ihnen, Herr Becker? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">also, too</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Thank you, I’m fine too.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Danke, auch
- gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center" colspan="2">III</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">understand</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> verstehen
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">you</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Do you understand Mrs. Kunze?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie
- Frau Kunze? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">no</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nein
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">I</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">I understand</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich verstehe
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">not</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nicht
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">No, I don't understand Mrs. Kunze.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, ich
- verstehe Frau Kunze nicht. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">me</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> mich
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Do you understand me?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">yes</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ja
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Yes, I understand you well.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, ich
- verstehe Sie gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center" colspan="2">IV</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">where</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wo
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">is</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ist
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">the airport</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Flughafen
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Where's the airport?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo ist der
- Flughafen? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">there</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> dort
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">over there</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> drüben
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">The airport is over there.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Flughafen
- ist dort drüben. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">please</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bitte
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">I beg your pardon. What did you say?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie bitte?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">speak</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sprechen
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">slow, slowly</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> langsam
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Please speak slowly.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sprechen Sie
- bitte langsam. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">The airport is over there.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Flughafen
- ist dort drüben. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Do you understand?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">thank you</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> danke schön
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Yes, I understand. Thank you.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, ich
- verstehe. Danke schön. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">you're welcome</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bitte schön
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">You're welcome.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bitte schön.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center" colspan="2">V</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">that</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">the railroad station</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Bahnhof
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Is that the railroad station?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das der Bahnhof?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">No, that' not the station.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, das ist
- nicht der Bahnhof. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">he, it</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> er
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">to the left</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> links
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">It's there to the left.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er ist dort
- links. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">the restaurant</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Restaurant
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Is the restaurant there too?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das
- Restaurant auch dort? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">it</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> es
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Yes, it's there too.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, es ist
- auch dort. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center" colspan="2">VI</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">what</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> was
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">there</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> da </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>What's that there?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was ist das
- da? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>the hotel</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Hotel
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">That's the hotel.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das ist das
- Hotel. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">here</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> hier
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">to the right</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> rechts
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">the embassy</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Botschaft
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Is the embassy here to the right?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist die
- Botschaft hier rechts? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">she, it</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Yes, it's here to the right.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, sie ist hier rechts.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center" colspan="2">VII</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Excuse me the café</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verzeihung das
- Cafe </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Excuse me, where is the café?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verzeihung, wo
- ist das Cafe? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>straight ahead</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> geradeaus
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">There, straight ahead.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Dort,
- geradeaus. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">the bank isn't it? (not true?)</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Bank nicht
- wahr </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>The bank is there too, isn't it?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Bank ist
- auch da, nicht wahr? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Yes, it's there too.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, sie ist
- auch da. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">thanks</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> danke
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Thanks.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Danke.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>you're welcome</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bitte
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">You're welcome.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bitte.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center" colspan="2">VIII</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Good morning.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Morgen.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">I would like</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich möchte
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">with pleasure</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gern
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>I'd like very much</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich möchte
- gern </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">some cigars</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zigarren
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">to have</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> haben
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">I'd like to have some cigars.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich möchte
- gern Zigarren haben. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">how many</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie viele
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">All right. How many?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Gern. Wie
- viele? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">five</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> fünf
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">and</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">some matches</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Streichhölzer
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>Five, and some matches too, please.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fünf, und
- bitte auch Streichhölzer. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Here you are.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hier, bitte.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">how much</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie viel
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">costs</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> kostet
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">How much does that cost?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel
- kostet das? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">the cigars</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Zigarren
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">cost</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> kosten
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">two</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwei
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Mark</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mark
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">The cigars cost two Marks.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren kosten zwei
- Mark. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">the matches</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Streichhölzer
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">ten</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zehn
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">penny, pennies</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Pfennig
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">The matches cost ten pennies.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Streichhölzer kosten
- zehn Pfennig. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">would like</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> möchten
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">would you like</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> möchten Sie
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>some cigarettes</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zigaretten
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Would you like to have some cigarettes too?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Möchten Sie
- auch Zigaretten haben? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">they</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">they cost</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie kosten
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Yes, how much do they cost?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, wie viel
- kosten sie? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">one</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> eine
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">One Mark.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Eine Mark.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Here you are.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bitte
- schön</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Thank you.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Danke schön.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center" colspan="2">IX</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Good evening.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Abend.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">to eat</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> essen
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Would you like to eat?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Möchten Sie
- essen? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">sausage and sauerkraut</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bratwurst mit
- Sauerkraut </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Yes, sausage and sauerkraut please.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, Bratwurst
- mit Sauerkraut, bitte. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">some, a little</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> etwas
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">bread</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Brot
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">And a little bread.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Und etwas
- Brot. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center" colspan="2">X</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">the wine</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Wein
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">How's the wine, and how's the beer?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist der
- Wein und wie ist das Bier? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">are</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sind
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">The wine and the beer are good.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Wein und
- das Bier sind gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">but</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> aber
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">the coffee</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Kaffee
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">But the coffee's not good.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Aber der
- Kaffee ist nicht gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>the tea</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Tee
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">not ... either</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch nicht
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">And the tea isn't good either.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Und der Tee
- ist auch nicht gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">the milk</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Milch
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>Is the milk good?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist die Milch gut?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Yes, the milk is very good.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, die Milch
- ist sehr gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">the water</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Wasser
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">How's the water here?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist hier
- das Wasser? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td>The water is good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Wasser ist gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center" colspan="2">XI</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">zero - one - two - three - four</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">null</em></span> -
- <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">eins</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">zwei</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">drei</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">vier</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">five - six - seven - eight</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">fünf</em></span> -
- <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sechs</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sieben</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">acht</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">nine - ten - eleven - twelve</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">neun</em></span> -
- <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">zehn</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">elf</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">zwölf</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">How much is three and five?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel ist
- drei und fünf? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Three and five is eight.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Drei und fünf
- ist acht. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">How much is seven and four?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel ist
- sieben und vier? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Seven and four is eleven.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sieben und
- vier ist elf. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">How much is two and ten?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel ist
- zwei und zehn? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Two and ten is twelve.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zwei und zehn
- ist zwölf. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">again</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nochmal
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Say it again/ please.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nochmal,
- bitte. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Two and ten is twelve.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zwei und zehn
- ist zwölf. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center" colspan="2">XII</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">one, you</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> man
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">says</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">does one say</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt man
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">in German</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auf deutsch
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">How do you say 'good bye' in German?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie sagt man
- 'good bye' auf deutsch? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">good bye</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Auf
- Wiedersehen </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">You say '<span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Auf
- Wiedersehen</em></span>'.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Man sagt 'Auf
- Wiedersehen'. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e820"/>Notes on pronunciation</h2></div></div></div><p>The spelling of a language only symbolizes to the native speaker the sounds Which he
- already knows. You will learn these sounds directly from your instructor; the spelling will
- serve as an aid to listening. No spelling system adequately represents the sounds of the
- spoken language, and no attempt will be made at this point to outline exactly what sounds
- are represented by what symbols of the German spelling system. We will however present for
- particular drill and attention in each unit certain sounds which have shown themselves to be
- difficult for speakers of American English. In the meantime we ask you to remember two
- cardinal points:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>The German of your text is printed in the standard German written style.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The letter-symbols used, although in most cases the same symbols we use in written
- English, in most cases do not represent exactly the same sounds we use in English.
- Therefore, DO NOT EXPECT GERMAN WRITTEN SYMBOLS TO REPRESENT SOUND VALUES YOU KNOW IN
- ENGLISH.</p></li></ol></div><p>Pronunciation Practices. To be drilled in class.</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">A. Short Vowels</span></dt><dd><p>The German short vowels i,e,a and u are not dissimilar from English sounds. The
- o, however, is probably different from any sound that you have in English. Do not
- try to replace it by a sound from English, but rather reproduce the pronunciation of
- your instructor. The German front rounded vowels ö and ü do not occur in English. To
- produce the ö, put your tongue in the position for the German e and round your lips;
- for ü, put your tongue in the position for the German i and round your lips. You
- will then produce a sound similar to the German sound. Experiment until your
- instructor is satisfied with your pronunciation. Do not worry about the meaning of
- the words in these practices. Concentrate instead on the sounds.</p><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="20%"/><col width="20%"/><col width="20%"/><col width="20%"/><col width="20%"/><thead><tr>
- <td align="center" colspan="5" valign="top">Practice l(a)</td>
- </tr></thead><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short i
- </strong></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short
- e</strong></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short
- a</strong></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short
- o</strong></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short u
- </strong></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">bitte</em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> denn
- </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das
- </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- kostet </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> muss
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ist
- </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- essen </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mann
- </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- Sonne </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- Mutter </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> in
- </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- etwas </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> an
- </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- Doktor </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short ö
- </strong></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short
- ü</strong></span></td>
- <td/>
- <td/>
- <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> - e (unstressed)
- </strong></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- können </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- Mütter </em></span></td>
- <td/>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- bitte </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- genug </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- möchte </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> fünf
- </em></span></td>
- <td/>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- danke </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- gesehen </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- öfter </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- Hütte </em></span></td>
- <td/>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- Sonne </em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- bekommen </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">Practice 1(b)</td>
- <td/>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">mit</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Mütter</em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">kennen</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">können</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">missen</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">müssen</em></span></td>
- <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">stecke</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Stöcke</em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></dd><dt><span class="term">B. Long Vowels</span></dt><dd><p>There are no sounds in English exactly like the German long vowels. If you will
- pronounce English gate and then ask your instructor to pronounce German <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">geht</em></span></strong></span>, you
- will notice that the English vowel sound seems to change during its pronunciation,
- but the German sound seems tense and stable throughout its duration. Your tongue
- actually moves during the production of the English vowel sound, but during the
- production of the German sound the tongue remains in the same position. The long ö
- and ü are formed approximately like short ö and ü. Pronounce German long e and round
- your lips to form ö , and pronounce German long i and round your lips to form
- ü</p><p><span class="bold"><strong>Practice 2(a)</strong></span></p><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><tr align="center">
- <td>Long</td>
- <td>i</td>
- <td>e</td>
- <td>a</td>
- <td>o</td>
- <td>u</td>
- <td>ö</td>
- <td>ü</td>
- </tr><tr align="center">
- <td/>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> geht
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Tag
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sohn
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gut
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> König
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> für
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr align="center">
- <td/>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ihnen
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Tee
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Abend
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> oder
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> du
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> schön
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Tür
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr align="center">
- <td/>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> viel
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> den
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bahn
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wo
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Flug
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> öde
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">über
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><p><span class="bold"><strong>Practice 2(b)</strong></span></p><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr align="center">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">vier</em></span>
- - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">für</em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">lesen</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">lösen</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr align="center">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Tier</em></span>
- - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Tür</em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Sehne</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Söhne</em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></dd><dt><span class="term">C.</span></dt><dd><p><span class="bold"><strong>Distinguishing Long and Short Vowels</strong></span></p><p>It is NOT ALWAYS POSSIBLE to distinguish long and short vowels in written
- German, as the German spelling system does not consistently mark them as such. Your
- best guide to the pronunciation of any given word is the way your native instructor
- pronounces it. However, a few hints can be given which will help you to recognize
- them <span class="bold"><strong>most</strong></span> of the time. If you look back at the
- practice lists above you will see that the short vowels in <span class="bold"><strong>most</strong></span> cases are followed by two or more consonants and they are always
- written with a single letter symbol. Then note that the long vowels are <span class="bold"><strong>not always</strong></span> written with a single letter symbol and usually
- are followed by only one consonant. The following combinations of letters always
- designate long vowels: ie, ih - eh, ee - ah, aa - oh, oo - uh - öh - üh</p></dd><dt><span class="term">D.</span></dt><dd><p><span class="bold"><strong>Diphthongs</strong></span></p><p>These combinations of two vowel sounds in German are very similar, though not
- identical to certain vowel combinations in English.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong>Practice 3</strong></span></p><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="33%"/><col width="33%"/><col width="33%"/><tr align="center">
- <td>ei</td>
- <td>au</td>
- <td>eu (äu)</td>
- </tr><tr align="center">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nein
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> deutsch
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr align="center">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> eins
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Tau
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> neun
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr align="center">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wein
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Laut
- </em></span></td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> läute
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></dd></dl></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e1085"/>Notes on grammar</h2></div><div><h3 class="subtitle">(For home study)</h3></div></div></div><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="A"><li class="listitem"><p>The German Noun-Classification ('Gender') System.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="I"><li class="listitem"><p>The three classes of nouns.</p><p><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Der</strong></span> Wein
- ist nicht gut.</em></span>
- <span class="bold"><strong>The</strong></span> wine isn't good.</p><p><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Das</strong></span> Bier
- ist gut.</em></span>
- <span class="bold"><strong>The</strong></span> beer is good.</p><p><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
- <span class="bold"><strong>Die</strong></span> Milch ist auch gut.</em></span>
- <span class="bold"><strong>The</strong></span> milk is good too.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>German has three words for 'the': <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der</em></span></strong></span>, <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> and
- <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>; and German nouns can be divided into three
- classes according to which of the three words for 'the* they go with.
- <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wein</em></span></strong></span> goes only with <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der</em></span></strong></span>, never
- with <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span>, never with <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>. Bier
- goes only with <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span>, and so on.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>We will refer to these three classes of nouns, for obvious reasons, as
- <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der</em></span>-</strong></span>nouns, <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span>-nouns and <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span>-</strong></span>nouns. (1 <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wein</em></span></em></span></strong></span> is <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der</em></span>-</strong></span>noun-' '<span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Hotel</em></span></em></span></strong></span> is a <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span>-</strong></span>noun.1)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The traditional statement about this phenomenon is: 'German nouns have
- three genders—masculine, feminine, and neuter.' we will not use this
- terminology because it tends to mislead English-speaking students by
- suggesting that the German noun classification has something to do with sex
- differentiation. It doesn't. See paragraph III.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Insofar as the <span class="bold"><strong>basic stock</strong></span> of German
- nouns is concerned (nouns like house, grass, sky, wine, beer, milk), there is
- absolutely no sense or rationale to the classification system; there is no way
- at all of anticipating which class any given noun belongs to. You must simply
- learn the word for 'the' as a part of the noun: the German word for 'wine1 is
- <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der
- Wein</em></span></strong></span>. And you must practice saying <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der
- Wein</em></span></strong></span> often enough so that <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Wein</em></span></strong></span> or
- <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die
- Wein</em></span></strong></span> sounds as wrong to you as 'The father of
- his country — Henry Washington.'</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Now, Henry Washington is a perfectly good name; but it's wrong, and every^
- American knows it's wrong. By the same token, <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Wein</em></span></strong></span> is
- a perfectly good form; but it's wrong, and every German knows it's
- wrong.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>With <span class="bold"><strong>derivative</strong></span> nouns (that is, nouns
- made from other words, like our happiness, brother-hood) your problem is
- easier. The classification of German derivative nouns is fairly orderly and
- consistent. Nouns ending in -<span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">ung</em></span>, for example, are always <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>-nouns:
- <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die
- Verzeihung</em></span></strong></span> 'the forgiveness, the pardon. And
- nouns ending with the diminutive suffixes -<span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">lein</em></span> and -<span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>chen</strong></span></em></span> are always <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das-</em></span></strong></span>nouns: <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Fräulein</em></span></strong></span> 'the miss,
- waitress,'</p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
- Mädchen</em></span></strong></span> 'the little girl.' We will deal with
- the formation of the various kinds of derivative nouns as we go along through
- the units.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>But if the classification of derivative nouns is orderly and consistent,
- the classification of the basic stock of German nouns remains virtually
- chaotic. There really is no system at all for guessing Which class a noun
- belongs to; it's not something you can reason out or get the knack of. It is
- not the same as our <span class="bold"><strong>he-she-it</strong></span> system, as
- we'll see in. a minute. There is absolutely nothing in English like it. Your
- only solution is to use the nouns until you know them as well as you know
- 'George Washington.'</p></li></ol></div></li><li class="listitem"><p>Pronouns Corresponding to the Three Classes of Nouns.</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/><col class="c3"/><col class="c4"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist der
- Bahnof?</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Er ist
- dort.</em></span></td><td>Where is the station?</td><td>It's there.</td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist das
- Hotel?</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Es ist
- dort.</em></span></td><td>Where is the hotel?</td><td>It's there.</td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist die
- Botshaft?</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Sie ist
- dort.</em></span></td><td>Where is the embassy?</td><td>It's there.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>As these examples show, there is a special <span class="bold"><strong>pronoun</strong></span> for each of the three classes of nouns. Notice the
- correspondence in the final sounds of the pairs <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der<span class="bold"><strong>-</strong></span>er</em></span>, <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das-es</em></span></strong></span>,
- and <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>die-sie</strong></span></em></span>. This is no coincidence.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Contrast between German and English Pronoun Usage.</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/><col class="c3"/><col class="c4"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>der</strong></span> Bahnhof?</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Er</strong></span>
- ist dort.</em></span></td><td>Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span> station?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>It's</strong></span> there.</td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>der</strong></span> Mann?</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Er</strong></span>
- ist dort.</em></span></td><td>Where's <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span> man?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>He's</strong></span> here.</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>das</strong></span> Hotel?</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Es</strong></span>
- ist dort.</em></span></td><td>Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span> hotel?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>It's</strong></span> there.</td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>das</strong></span> Kind?</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Es</strong></span>
- ist dort.</em></span></td><td>Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span> child?</td><td><p><span class="bold"><strong>He's</strong></span> here.</p>
- <p><span class="bold"><strong>She's</strong></span> here</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>die</strong></span> Botschaft?</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Sie</strong></span> ist dort.</em></span></td><td>Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span> embassy?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>It's</strong></span> there.</td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>die</strong></span> Frau?</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Sie</strong></span> ist dort.</em></span></td><td>Where's <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span> woman?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>She's</strong></span> here.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>These examples show that the German pronouns <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">er</em></span>, <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sie</em></span></strong></span>, and es do not match up with the English
- pronouns 'he', 'she', and 'it'. The English <span class="bold"><strong>he-she-it</strong></span> system has an entirely different foundation from the
- German noun-classification ('gender') system. In the English system, the choice of
- pronoun depends upon the sex (male, female, or sexless) of some non-linguistic
- entity—a man ('he'), a woman ('she'), or a table ('it'). In the German system, on
- the other hand, the choice of pronoun depends upon the linguistic classification
- of the noun you are replacing, except in reference to human beings.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Pronouns Referring to People.</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist das
- Fraülein?</em></span></td><td>Where is the waitress?</td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Sie ist
- dort.</em></span></td><td>She's there.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p> Since all German nouns referring to men are <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>der</strong></span></em></span><span class="bold"><strong>-nouns</strong></span> and virtually all German nouns referring to women
- are <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>-nouns. <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">er</em></span></strong></span> and <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sie</em></span></strong></span> correspond
- to 'he' and 'she' — when they refer to <span class="bold"><strong>human
- beings</strong></span>. Consequently, one says <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sie</em></span></strong></span> when referring to <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
- Fräulein</em></span></strong></span>. Who is, after all, die lunge Dame 'the
- young lady',<span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
- Tochte</em></span></strong></span>r 'the daughter', <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Schwester</em></span></strong></span>
- 'the sister', and so on, as well as <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Fräulein</em></span></strong></span>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>No classification in the Plural.</p><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="25%"/><col width="25%"/><col width="25%"/><col width="25%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
- sind die Bahnhöfe? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
- sind hier. </em></span></td>
- <td align="left">Where are the stations?</td>
- <td align="left">They're here.</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
- sind die Hotels? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
- sind hier. </em></span></td>
- <td align="left">Where are the hotels?</td>
- <td align="justify">They're here.</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
- sind die Frauen? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
- sind hier. </em></span></td>
- <td align="left">Where are the women?</td>
- <td align="justify">They're here.</td>
- </tr></table></div><p>As these examples show, the three-fold classification we've been discussing
- applies only to nouns in the singular. In the plural, there is only one word for
- 'the', and only one pronoun.</p></li></ol></div></li><li class="listitem"><p>The pointing-Word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span>.</p><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das ist
- der Bahnhof, nicht wahr? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left">This is the station, isn't it?</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, das
- ist er. </em></span></td>
- <td align="left">Yes, that's it.</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das
- die Milch? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left">Is that the milk?</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das ist
- Wasser. </em></span></td>
- <td align="left">This is water.</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind das
- die Streichhölzer? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left">Are these the matches?</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das sind
- die Zigarren. </em></span></td>
- <td align="left">Those are the cigars.</td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="I"><li class="listitem"><p>The pointing-word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> (often accompanied by a pointing gesture) is
- used to call any <span class="bold"><strong>object</strong></span> or <span class="bold"><strong>group of objects</strong></span> to the hearer's attention, without any reference to
- noun classification or to the number of objects.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The pointing-word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> is an entirely different entity from the
- <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> of <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Hotel</em></span></strong></span>. The English equivalents
- of the pointing-word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> are 'this', <span class="bold"><strong>'that',
- 'these', and 'those'.</strong></span></p></li></ol></div></li></ol></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e1419"/>Substitution drill.</h2></div></div></div><p>This section is made up of a number of model sentences. One or two words in each
- sentence are underscored. Below each group will be found a series of isolated words. The
- drill consists in substituting these words, one by one, for the one that is underscored in
- the model sentence, and making necessary changes in the rest of the sentence.</p><p>The instructor says the model sentence out loud, and the class repeats after him. The
- first student makes the first substitution, the next student the second, and so on. Repeat
- until all students have had a chance to make each substitution at least once, then proceed
- to the next model sentence.</p><p>This drill may be done with books closed. The instructor then gives the students the
- item to be substituted. Keep things moving along. Maintain a lively pace. If one student
- gets stuck, the next one takes over after three or four seconds.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Der Flughafen ist
- dort.</em></span></p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bahnhof - Kaffee - Tee -
- Wein</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Bahnhof - der Kaffee - der Tee -
- der Wein</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier - Wasser - Hotel -
- Cafe</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant - das Bier - das Wasser
- - das Hotel - das Cafe</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank - Milch -
- Botschaft</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die Milch - die
- Botschaft</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
- Zigarren</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer - die
- Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bahnhof - Hotel - Tee - Milch - Kaffee
- - Restaurant - Streichhölzer - Botschaft - Flughafen - Bier - Wein - Wasser
- - Zigarren - Cafe </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Bahnhof - das Hotel - der Tee - die
- Milch - der Kaffee - das Restaurant - die Streichhölzer - die Botschaft -
- der Flughafen - das Bier - der Wein - das Wasser - die Zigarren - das
- Café</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>der
- Bahnhof</strong></span>?</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Flughafen - Kaffee - Tee -
- Wein</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Flughafen - der Kaffe - der Tee -
- der Wein </em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier - Wasser - Cafe -
- Hotel</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant - das Bier - das Wasser
- - das Cafe - das Hotel</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank - Milch -
- Botschaft</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die Milch - die
- Botschaft</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
- Zigarren</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer - die
- Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Flughafen - Bank - Kaffee
- - Wasser - Milch - Streichhölzer - Bahnhof - Tee - Hotel - Wein - Bier -
- Botschaft - Zigarren - Cafe</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant - der Flughafen - die
- Bank - der Kaffee - das Wasser - die Milch - die Streichhölzer - der Bahnhof
- - der Tee - das Hotel - der Wein - das Bier - die Botschaft - die Zigarren -
- das Cafe</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Wieviel kostet <span class="bold"><strong>der
- Kaffee</strong></span>?</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wein - Tee</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Wein - der
- Tee</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Zigarren -
- Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Zigarren - die
- Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wtein - Zigarren - Tee - Streichhölzer
- - Bier </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Wein - die Zigarren - der Tee - die
- Streichhölzer - das Bier</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist <span class="bold"><strong>das Bier</strong></span>?</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wasser - Hotel - Restaurant -
- Cafe</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Wasser - das Hotel - das Restaurant
- - das Café</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Kaffee - Tee - Wein
- </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Kaffee - der Tee - der
- Wein</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank - Milch</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die
- Milch</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Zigarren -
- Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Zigarren - die
- Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Tee - Hotel - Wein - Wasser -
- Kaffee - Milch -Zigarren - Caf£ - Bank -
- Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier - der Tee - das Hotel - der
- Wein - das Wasser - der Kaffee - die Milch - die Zigarren - das Cafe - die
- Bank - die Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901"><span class="bold"><strong>Das Hotel</strong></span> ist gut.</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Restaurant - Wasser -
- Cafe</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier - das Restaurant - das Wasser
- - das Cafe</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wein - Kaffee - Tee
- </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Wein - der Kaffee - der
- Tee</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Milch - Bank</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Milch - die
- Bank</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Zigarren -
- Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Zigarren - die
- Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Wein - Restaurant - Kaffee -
- Bank - Tee - Hotel - Streichhölzer - Wasser - Zigarren - Cafe - Milch
- </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier - der Wein - das Restaurant -
- der Kaffee - die Bank - der Tee - das Hotel - die Streichhölzer - das Wasser
- - die Zigarren - das Cafe - die Milch</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901"><span class="bold"><strong>Das Hotel</strong></span> ist da
- drüben.</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier - Wasser -
- Cafe</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant - das Bier - das Wasser
- - das Cafe</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Flughafen - Bahnhof - Kaffee - Tee -
- Wein </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Flughafen - der Bahnhof - der
- Kaffee - der Tee - der Wein</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Botschaft - Milch -
- Bank</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Botschaft - die Milch - die
- Bank</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
- Zigarren</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer - die
- Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Hotel - Restaurant - Tee - Milch - Bier
- - Kaffee - Botschaft - Wein - Zigarren - Streichhölzer - Cafe - Bank
- </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Hotel - das Restaurant - der Tee -
- die Milch - das Bier - der Kaffee - die Botschaft - der Wein - die Zigarren
- - die Streichhölzer - das Café - die Bank</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Das ist <span class="bold"><strong>der
- Flughafen</strong></span>.</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bahnhof - Wein - Tee -
- Kaffee</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Bahnhof - der Wein - der Tee - der
- Kaffee</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Hotel - Restaurant - Bier -
- Café</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Hotel - das Restaurant - das Bier -
- das Café</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank - Botschaft -
- Milch</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die Botschaft - die
- Milch</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
- Zigarren</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer - die
- Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Botschaft - Flughafen - Hotel - Milch -
- Restaurant - Bahnhof - Bier - Wein - Tee - Zigarren - Café -
- Bank</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Botschaft - der Flughafen - das
- Hotel - die Milch - das Restaurant - der Bahnhof - das Bier - der Wein - der
- Tee - die Zigarren - das Cafe - die Bank</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Hier ist <span class="bold"><strong>Herr Becker</strong></span>. Hier ist
- <span class="bold"><strong>er</strong></span>.</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Flughafen - Bahnhof - Wein - Tee -
- Kaffee - Herr Keller</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Flughafen.er - der Bahnhof.er - der
- Wein.er - der Tee.er - der Kaffee.er - Herr
- Keller.er</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Frau Kunze - Milch - Botschaft - Bank -
- Frau Schneider</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau Kunze.sie - die Milch.sie - die
- Botschaft.sie - die Bank.sie - Frau Schneider.sie</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier - Wasser - Café -
- Hotel</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant.es - das Bier.es - das
- Wasser.es - das Caf£.es - das Hotel.es</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer - Zigarren - Herr und
- Frau Becker</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer.sie - die
- Zigarren.sie - Herr und Frau Becker.sie</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Milch - Wasser - Wein -
- Streichhölzer - Bahnhof - Restaurant - Zigarren - Hotel - Herr und Frau
- Becker - Botschaft - Tee - Cafe - Frau Schneider - Flughafen - Herr Keller -
- Bank - Kaffee </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier.es - die Milch.sie - das
- Wasser.es - der Wein.er - die Streichhölzer.sie - der Bahnhof.er - das
- Restaurant.es - die Zigarren.sie - das Hotel.es - Herr und Frau Becker. sie
- - die Botschaft.sie - der Tee.er - das Cafe.es - Frau Schneider.sie - der
- Flughafen.er - Herr Keller.er - die Bank.sie - der
- Kaffee.er</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li></ol></div><p/></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e1686"/>Variation drill</h2></div></div></div><p>This section is made up of several groups of sentences. Each group is headed by a model
- sentence which is underscored. The instructor reads the model sentence out loud, and the
- class repeats after him. The first student then gives the German version of the first
- English variation sentence under the model sentence. The next student takes the second
- sentence, and so on.</p><p>While doing this drill, STUDENTS MUST COVER THE RIGHT-HAND SIDE OF THE PAGE</p><p>English versions must be read silently, and the German version must be given without
- stopping, with the proper pronunciation, including intonation. If you have to 'translate*
- word by word you need more practice with the basic sentences.</p><p>The instructor must insist on COMPLETE SENTENCES.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe
- Sie. </em></span></th>
- <th align="center">I understand you.</th>
- </tr></thead><tbody><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>I understand you well.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>I understand you very well.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie sehr gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>I understand you well, too.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie auch gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>I don't understand you.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie nicht.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>e.</td>
- <td>I don't understand you either.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie auch nicht.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie
- mich? </em></span></th>
- <th align="center">Do you understand me?</th>
- </tr></thead><tbody><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>Do you understand me well?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich gut?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>Do you understand me well to?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich auch gut?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>Don't you understand me?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich nicht?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>Don't you understand me either?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich auch nicht?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>e.</td>
- <td>Don't you understand me well either?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich auch nicht gut?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo ist der
- Flughafen?</em></span></th>
- <th align="center">Where is the airport?</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>There is the airport.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da ist der Flughafen. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>Is that the airport?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das der Flughafen? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>Yes, that's the airport.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, das ist der Flughafen.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>No, that's not the airport.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, das ist nicht der Flughafen.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>e.</td>
- <td>Is the airport over there?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist der Flughafen da drüben?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>f.</td>
- <td>Yes, it's over there.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, er ist da drüben. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>g.</td>
- <td>No, it's not over there.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, er ist nicht da drüben.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><p>Repeat the same drill and for airport substitute: hotel - embassy - restaurant -
- station.</p></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind die
- Streichhölzer? </em></span></th>
- <th align="center">Where are the matches?</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>Where are they?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind sie? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>There are the matches.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da sind die Streichhölzer.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>There they are.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da sind sie. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>Are the matches over them?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind die Streichhölzer da drüben?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>e.</td>
- <td>Yes, the matches are over there.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, die Streichhölzer sind da drüben.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>f.</td>
- <td>They're over there.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind da drüben. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><p>Repeat the same drill and for potatoes substitute: cigars - Mr. and Mrs.
- Kunze.</p></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist die
- Milch? </em></span></th>
- <th align="center">How's the milk?</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>It's good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie ist gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>It's very good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie ist sehr gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>The water is good too.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Wasser ist auch gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>It's very good too.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es ist auch sehr gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist das
- Bier? </em></span></th>
- <th align="center">How's the beer?</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>It's good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es ist gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>It's very good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es ist sehr gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>The cigars are good too.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren sind auch gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>They're very good too.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind auch sehr gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist der
- Tee? </em></span></th>
- <th align="center">How's the tea?</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>It's not good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er ist nicht gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>It's very good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er ist sehr gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>The milk isn't good either.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Milch ist auch nicht gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>It's not very good either.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie ist auch nicht sehr gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>e.</td>
- <td>Yes. They are very good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, sie sind sehr gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie sind die
- Streichhölzer? </em></span></th>
- <th align="center">How are the matches?</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>They're not good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind nicht gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>They're not very good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind nicht sehr gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>The wine is not good either.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Wein ist auch nicht gut. Er ist auch
- nicht sehr gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>It's not very good either.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er ist auch nicht sehr gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet
- viel. </em></span></th>
- <th align="center">That costs a lot.</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>How much does that cost?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel kostet das? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>Does that cost much?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Kostet das viel? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>That doesn't cost much.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet nicht viel.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>That doesn't cost much either.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet auch nicht viel.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>e.</td>
- <td>That costs three marks.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet drei Mark. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>f.</td>
- <td>That costs three marks, too.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet auch drei Mark.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Bier ist
- out. </em></span></th>
- <th align="center">The beer is good.</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>The wine is not good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Wein ist nicht gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>The coffee is good, too.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Kaffee ist auch gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>The restaurant is very good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Restaurant ist sehr gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>Is the tea good?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist der Tee gut? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>e.</td>
- <td>Ho, the tea isn't very good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, der Tee ist nicht sehr gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>f.</td>
- <td>Is the café good?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das Café gut? </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
- Streichhölzer sind nicht sehr gut.</em></span></th>
- <th align="center">The matches are not very good.</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>The beer and the wine are good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Bier und der
- Wein sind gut.</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>The cigars are good, too.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren sind auch gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>Are the coffee and the tea good?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind der Kaffee und der Tee gut?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>Yes. They are very good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, sie sind sehr gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo ist der
- Flughafen? Er ist dort rechts. </em></span></th>
- <th align="center">Where is the airport? It's there to the right.</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>Where Is the café? It's there to the left.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist das Café? Es
- ist dort links.</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>Where Is the restaurant? It's there, too.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist das Restaurant? Es ist auch
- dort.</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>Where is the bank? It's there straight ahead.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist die Bank? Sie ist dort
- geradeaus.</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>Where is Mr. Schneider? He is here.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist Herr Schneider? Er ist
- hier.</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>e.</td>
- <td>Where is Mrs. Schneider? She's here, too.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist Frau Schneider? Sie ist auch
- hier.</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>f.</td>
- <td>Where is the station? It's over there, to the right</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist der Bahnhof? Er ist da drüben, rechts.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist der
- Kaffee? Er 1st out.</em></span></th>
- <th align="center">How is the coffee? It is good.</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>How is the milk? It's very good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist die Milch? Sie
- ist sehr gut.</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>How is the water? It's good, too.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist das Wasser? Es ist auch
- gut.</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>How is the hotel? It's not very good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist das Hotel? Es ist nicht sehr
- gut.</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>How is the beer? It's very good here.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist das Bier? Es ist hier sehr
- gut</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>e.</td>
- <td>How is the tea? It's not good.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist der Tee? Er ist nicht
- gut.</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>f.</td>
- <td>How is the wine? It's very good, too.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist der Wein? Er ist auch sehr gut.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ich möchte gern
- Zigaretten haben.</em></span></th>
- <th align="center">I'd like to have some cigarettes. please.</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>Would you like to have some cigars, too?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Möchten Sie auch
- Zigarren haben?</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>I'd like to have some matches.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich möchte gern Streichhölzer
- haben.</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>Would you like to have some bread?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Möchten Sie etwas Brot
- haben?</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>I'd like to have some milk.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich möchte gern Milch
- haben.</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>e.</td>
- <td>I'd like to have some sausage and sauerkraut.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ich möchte gern Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut
- haben. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich möchte gerne
- essen.</em></span></th>
- <th align="center">I'd like to eat.</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>What would you like to eat?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Was möchten Sie
- essen?</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>I'd like to eat some sausage and sauerkraut.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ich möchte Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut
- essen.</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>Would you also like to eat some bread? Yes, I'd like to eat some bread.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Möchten Sie auch Brot essen? Ja, ich möchte
- gern etwas Brot essen. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Das ist der
- Bahnhof.</em></span></th>
- <th align="center">That's the railroad station.</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>Is that the embassy?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ist das die
- Botschaft?</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>No, that's not the embassy.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Nein, das ist nicht die
- Botschaft.</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>That's the hotel. Is that Mr. Kunze?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Das ist das Hotel. Ist das Herr
- Kunze?</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>No, that's not Mr. Kunze.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Nein, das ist nicht Herr
- Kunze.</em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>e.</td>
- <td>That's Mr. Schneider.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Das ist Herr Schneider. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hier ist das
- Hotel. </em></span></th>
- <th align="center">Here is the hotel.</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>There's the restaurant.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Dort ist das Restaurant.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>Over there is the airport.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da drüben ist der Flughafen.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>There to the right is the embassy.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Dort rechts ist die Botschaft.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>Here on the left is the station.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hier links ist der Bahnhof.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>e.</td>
- <td>Over there, to the right is the cafe.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da drüben, rechts, ist das Cafe.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren
- kosten fünf Mark. </em></span></th>
- <th align="center">The cigars cost five marks.</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>The beer costs one mark.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Bier kostet eine Mark.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>The wine costs two marks ten.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Wein kostet zwei Mark zehn.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>The matches cost ten pennies.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Streichhölzer kosten zehn Pfennig.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>The coffee costs three marks eight.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Kaffee kostet drei Mark acht.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>e.</td>
- <td>The tea costs two marks four.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Tee kostet zwei Mark vier.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>f.</td>
- <td>The milk costs twelve pennies.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Milch kostet zwölf Pfennig.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>g</td>
- <td>Bratwurst and sauerkraut costs two marks five.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut kostet zwei Mark
- fünf. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
- <th align="center" colspan="2"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Drei und vier
- ist sieben. </em></span></th>
- <th align="center">Three and four is seven.</th>
- </tr></thead><tr>
- <td>a.</td>
- <td>Five and three is eight.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fünf und drei ist acht.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>b.</td>
- <td>How much is two and six?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel ist zwei und sechs?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>c.</td>
- <td>Seven and five is twelve.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sieben und fünf ist zwölf.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>d.</td>
- <td>Three and three is six.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Drei und drei ist sechs.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>e.</td>
- <td>How much is seven and four?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel ist sieben und vier?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>f.</td>
- <td>Is nine and one eleven?</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist neun und eins elf?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td>g.</td>
- <td>No, nine and one is ten.</td>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, neun und eins ist zehn.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></li></ol></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e2399"/>Translation drill</h2></div></div></div><p>Students cover right-hand side of page and take turns giving the German version of the
- sentences in English column. The instructor must insist that each student give his version
- without hesitation. Go over the drill several times, until each student has had an
- opportunity to give all sentences.</p><p>Unless students can do this drill confidently, they need more preparation.</p><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">1.</td>
- <td align="left">Is that the embassy?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das die
- Botschaft? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">2.</td>
- <td align="left">No, that's not the embassy, that is the
- hotel.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, das ist
- nicht die Botschaft, das ist das Hotel. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">3 .</td>
- <td align="left">The embassy is over there, to the left.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Botschaft
- ist da drüben, links. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">4.</td>
- <td align="left">How is the beer, is it good?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist das
- Bier, ist es gut? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">5.</td>
- <td align="left">No, it's not very good.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, es ist
- nicht sehr gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">6.</td>
- <td align="left">What is that there, the airport?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was ist das
- dort, der Flughafen? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">7.</td>
- <td align="left">Yes, that's the airport.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, das ist
- der Flughafen. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">8.</td>
- <td align="left">Is Mr. Becker here?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist Herr
- Becker hier? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">9.</td>
- <td align="left">No, he isn't (here).</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, er ist
- nicht hier. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">10.</td>
- <td align="left">Is the wine good here?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist hier der
- Wein gut? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">11.</td>
- <td align="left">Yes, it is (good here).</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, er ist gut
- hier. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">12.</td>
- <td align="left">Where is Miss Schneider?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo ist
- Fräulein Schneider? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">13.</td>
- <td align="left">Isn't she here?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist sie nicht
- hier? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">14.</td>
- <td align="left">No, she isn't (here).</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, sie ist
- nicht hier. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">15.</td>
- <td align="left">How much does sausage and sauerkraut cost?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel
- kostet Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td align="left">16.</td>
- <td align="left">It doesn't cost much.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es kostet
- nicht viel. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">17.</td>
- <td align="left">Where are the cigars?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind die
- Zigarren? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">18.</td>
- <td align="left">Aren't they here?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind sie nicht
- hier? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">19.</td>
- <td align="left">No, they aren't (here).</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, sie sind
- nicht hier. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">20.</td>
- <td align="left">They cost four marks.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie kosten
- vier Mark. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">21.</td>
- <td align="left">Do you understand me?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie
- mich? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">22.</td>
- <td align="left">What did you say?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie bitte?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">23.</td>
- <td align="left">Yes, I understand you very well.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, ich
- verstehe Sie sehr gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">24.</td>
- <td align="left">Would you like to eat?</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Möchten Sie
- gern essen? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">25</td>
- <td align="left">Yes, I would.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, gerne.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e2532"/>Response drill</h2></div></div></div><p>Students are to prepare this drill at home. The questions are generally directed toward
- the situation or situations presented in the Basic Sentences. The answers suggested are
- obviously not the only possible answers to these questions, and the student should feel free
- to vary them or to replace them by his own formulations ad libitum, within the limitations
- of structure and vocabulary covered.</p><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">1.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo ist Herr
- Becker? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er ist dort
- drüben. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">2.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das Frau
- Kunze? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, das ist
- nicht Frau Kunze. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">3.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind Herr
- und Frau Schneider? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr und Frau
- Schneider sind hier. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">4.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie geht es
- Ihnen? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Danke gut. Und
- Ihnen? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">5.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie
- mich? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, ich
- verstehe Sie gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">6.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie
- mich auch gut? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, ich
- verstehe Sie nicht. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">7.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo ist der
- Bahnhof? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Bahnhof
- ist dort rechts. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">8.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das der
- Bahnhof? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, das ist
- nicht der Bahnhof. Er ist dort, geradeaus. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">9.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo ist der
- Flughafen? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er ist dort
- drüben. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">10.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das Hotel
- dort links? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, es ist
- dort rechts. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">11.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Restaurant
- ist dort drüben, nicht wahr? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, es ist
- dort drüben, geradeaus. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">12.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was ist das
- dort? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das ist die
- Botschaft. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">13.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo ist hier
- die Bank? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Bank ist
- hier links. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">14.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> 1st das die
- Botschaft da drüben? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, das ist
- die Botschaft. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">15.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist das
- Cafe? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Cafe ist
- sehr gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">16.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das
- Restaurant auch gut? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, das
- Restaurant ist nicht sehr gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">17.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie sagt man
- "good bye" auf deutsch? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Man sagt "Auf
- Wiedersehen". </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">18.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie sagt man
- "thank you" auf deutsch? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Man sagt
- "Danke schön". </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">19.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was möchten
- Sie haben? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich möchte
- zehn Zigaretten haben. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">20.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Möchten Sie
- auch Zigarren haben? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, ich möchte
- auch Zigarren haben. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">21.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viele
- möchten Sie haben? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Vier, bitte.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">22.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Möchten Sie
- auch Streichhölzer haben? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, ich möchte
- auch Streichhölzer haben. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">23.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel
- kosten die Zigarren? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren
- kosten eine Mark. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">24.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Kostet das
- Bier eine Mark? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, es
- kostet eine Mark zehn. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">25.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel
- kostet der Wein? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er kostet
- sechs Mark fünf. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">26.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel
- kosten der Kaffee und der Tee? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Kaffee und
- der Tee kosten fünf Mark zwölf. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">27.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Möchten Sie
- gern etwas essen? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, ich möchte
- gern etwas essen. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">28.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was möchten
- Sie essen? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich möchte
- Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut essen. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">29.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Möchten Sie
- auch Brot essen? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, ich möchte
- auch etwas Brot essen. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">30.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist hier
- das Bier? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Bier ist
- hier sehr gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">31.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist der Wein
- auch gut? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, der Wein
- ist auch sehr gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">32.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist der
- Kaffee? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Kaffee ist
- nicht gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">33.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist der Tee
- auch nicht gut? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, er ist
- auch nicht gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">34.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist die Milch
- gut? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ja, die Milch
- ist sehr gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">35.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel ist
- zwei und zwei? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zwei und zwei
- ist vier. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">36.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist drei und
- vier acht? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, drei und
- vier ist sieben. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">37.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel ist
- fünf und vier? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fünf und vier
- ist neun. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">38.</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist sechs und
- fünf zwölf? </em></span></td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, sechs
- und fünf ist nicht zwölf. Sechs und fünf ist elf. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e2767"/>Conversation practice</h2></div></div></div><p>Students keep books closed. Preparation before class is recommended.</p><p>The instructor reads one conversational bout three or four times, out loud, at normal
- speed. Class listens and students memorize.</p><p>The instructor and one student now 'play back' the conversation. Repeat each bout until
- each student has taken each part once. Then proceed to the next bout.</p><p>Keep the ball rolling. If students are hesitant, abandon this drill for the day.
- Students will prepare themselves at home for the next repetition of the drill.</p><p>The instructor will POSTPONE CORRECTING OF MISTAKES during a bout until after it is
- concluded so as not to discourage the student. After the bout, the instructor simply says
- the mistaken or mispronounced item to the student and has him repeat it after him.</p><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="90%"/><tr>
- <td align="center" colspan="2" valign="top"><span class="bold"><strong>1</strong></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">A:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo ist die
- Botschaft hier in Bonn? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">B:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Botschaft
- ist dort, geradeaus. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">A:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie bitte?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">B:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie ist dort,
- geradeaus. Verstehen Sie mich? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">A:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, danke. Und
- wo ist der Flughafen? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">B:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Flughafen
- ist da links. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">A:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Danke schön.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="90%"/><tr>
- <td align="center" colspan="2" valign="top"><span class="bold"><strong>2</strong></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">S:</td>
- <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Tag,
- Herr Becker. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">K:</td>
- <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Tag,
- Herr Kunze. Wie geht es Ihnen? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">S:</td>
- <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Danke, gut.
- Und Ihnen? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">K:</td>
- <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Auch gut,
- danke. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">S:</td>
- <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist das
- Bier hier? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">K:</td>
- <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es ist sehr
- gut und der Wein ist auch gut. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">S:</td>
- <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel
- kostet das Bier? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">K:</td>
- <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es kostet
- eine Mark zehn. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">S:</td>
- <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Möchten Sie
- auch etwas essen? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">K:</td>
- <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein,
- danke. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="90%"/><tr>
- <td align="center" colspan="2" valign="top"><span class="bold"><strong> 3
- </strong></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">C:</td>
- <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten
- Morgen. Ich möchte gern zehn Zigarren haben. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">D:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bitte. Möchten
- Sie auch Zigaretten haben? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">C:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, danke.
- Aber ich möchte Streichhölzer haben. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">D:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hier bitte.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">C:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel
- kosten die Zigarren? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">D:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie kästen
- fünf Mark sieben. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="10%"/><col width="90%"/><tr>
- <td align="center" colspan="2" valign="top"><span class="bold"><strong> 4
- </strong></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">E:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verzeihung, wo
- ist das Restaurant? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">F:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Restaurant
- ist dort, rechts. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">E:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das der
- Flughafen dort drüben? </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">F:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, das ist
- nicht der Flughafen, das ist der Bahnhof. Der Flughafen ist dort, links.
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">E:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie bitte? Ich
- verstehe Sie nicht. Sprechen Sie bitte langsam. </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">F:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das ist nicht
- der Flughafen, das ist der Bahnhof. Der Flughafen ist dort, links. Verstehen Sie mich?
- </em></span></td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td align="left">E:</td>
- <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, ich
- verstehe Sie. Auf Wiedersehen. </em></span></td>
- </tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e2918"/>Situations</h2></div></div></div><p>You are now ready for free conversation. Act out the following situations, Which are
- slight variations on the basic sentences, as freely and fluently as you can, making use of
- all the patterns you have learned.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong> Finding the Way</strong></span></p><p>An American has just arrived in Germany and doesn't understand too well yet. He asks a
- German on the street where the hotel is. The German tells him it's over there to the left.
- The American doesn't understand him and asks him to say it again please.</p><p>He still does not understand and asks the German to speak slowly. The latter repeats
- much slower and asks the American if he understands. The American says he does, thanks him
- and says good-bye.</p><p>Go through this conversation again with the American asking for the embassy, café,
- airport, etc., and the German giving different directions: straight ahead, over there, to
- the right, etc.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong> Question Practice</strong></span></p><p>Each student asks the next student a question in addition (numbers one to twelve). He
- answers it and asks the next student, etc.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong>At the Cigar Store </strong></span></p><p>Mr. Becker is the proprietor of a cigar store. Mr. Schneider stops in for some
- cigarettes. They exchange greetings, and Mr. Becker asks what Mr. Schneider would like.
- After getting him the cigarettes he asks if Mr. Schneider would like some cigars, too. He
- says no thanks, but he would like some matches. Figuring up his own bill he says that costs
- one mark ten, doesn't it, but Mr. Becker says no, it costs two marks. Mr. Schneider gives
- him the money, and they say good-bye to each other.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong>At the Restaurant </strong></span></p><p>Miss Schneider is the waitress in a restaurant. Mr. Kunze greets her as he comes in and
- asks how she is. She returns his greeting and asks if he is well, too. He says yes, thanks,
- and asks if they have sausage and sauerkraut, and how the beer and the wine are, etc.
- Finally he says he'd like to have sausage and sauerkraut, beer and some bread. After the
- meal he pays her - it costs three marks - and says good-bye.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e2935"/>Finder list</h2></div></div></div><p>FINDER LIST</p><div class="informaltable"><table><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Abend </em></span></td>
- <td>evening</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> aber </em></span></td>
- <td>but</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> acht </em></span></td>
- <td>eight</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch </em></span></td>
- <td>also, too</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch nicht </em></span></td>
- <td>not ... either</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auf deutsch </em></span></td>
- <td>in German</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Auf Wiedersehen'. </em></span></td>
- <td>good-bye</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Bahnhof </em></span></td>
- <td>station</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Bank </em></span></td>
- <td>bank</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Bier </em></span></td>
- <td>beer</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bitte </em></span></td>
- <td>please</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bitte schön </em></span></td>
- <td>here you are</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Botschaft </em></span></td>
- <td>embassy</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut </em></span></td>
- <td>sausage and sauerkraut</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Brot </em></span></td>
- <td>bread</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Café</em></span></td>
- <td>cafe</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> da </em></span></td>
- <td>there</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> danke </em></span></td>
- <td>thanks</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> danke schön </em></span></td>
- <td>many thanks</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das </em></span></td>
- <td>that</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> dort </em></span></td>
- <td>there</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> drei </em></span></td>
- <td>three</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> drüben </em></span></td>
- <td>over there</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> eins </em></span></td>
- <td>one</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> elf </em></span></td>
- <td>eleven</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> er </em></span></td>
- <td>he, it</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> es </em></span></td>
- <td>it</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> essen </em></span></td>
- <td>eat</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> etwas Brot </em></span></td>
- <td>some bread</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Flughafen </em></span></td>
- <td>airport</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau </em></span></td>
- <td>Mrs.</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau Kunze </em></span></td>
- <td>Mrs. Kunze</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein </em></span></td>
- <td>Miss</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein Schneider </em></span></td>
- <td>Miss Schneider</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> fünf </em></span></td>
- <td>five</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> geht </em></span></td>
- <td>goes</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> geradeaus </em></span></td>
- <td>straight ahead</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gern(e) </em></span></td>
- <td>with pleasure</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gut </em></span></td>
- <td>good, well</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Abend </em></span></td>
- <td>good evening</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Morgen </em></span></td>
- <td>good morning</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Tag </em></span></td>
- <td>hello (good by)</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> haben </em></span></td>
- <td>have</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr </em></span></td>
- <td>Mr.</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr Becker </em></span></td>
- <td>Mr. Becker</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> hier </em></span></td>
- <td>here</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Hotel </em></span></td>
- <td>hotel</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich </em></span></td>
- <td>I</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ihnen </em></span></td>
- <td>to you, with you</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ist </em></span></td>
- <td>is</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja </em></span></td>
- <td>yes</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Kaffee </em></span></td>
- <td>coffee</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> kosten </em></span></td>
- <td>cost</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> kostet </em></span></td>
- <td>costs</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> langsam </em></span></td>
- <td>slow, slowly</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> links </em></span></td>
- <td>left, to the left</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> man </em></span></td>
- <td>one, you</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mark </em></span></td>
- <td>Mark, Marks</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> eine Mark </em></span></td>
- <td>one Mark</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwei Mark </em></span></td>
- <td>two Marks</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> mich </em></span></td>
- <td>me (accusative)</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Milch </em></span></td>
- <td>milk</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> möchten </em></span></td>
- <td>would like</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> möchten Sie </em></span></td>
- <td>would you like</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich möchte </em></span></td>
- <td>I would like</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich möchte gern </em></span></td>
- <td>I'd like very much</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Morgen </em></span></td>
- <td>morning</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nein </em></span></td>
- <td>no</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> neun </em></span></td>
- <td>nine</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nicht </em></span></td>
- <td>not</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nicht wahr? </em></span></td>
- <td>isn1t it (not true)?</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nochmal </em></span></td>
- <td>again</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> null </em></span></td>
- <td>zero</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Pfennig </em></span></td>
- <td>penny, pennies</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> rechts </em></span></td>
- <td>to the right</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Restaurant </em></span></td>
- <td>restaurant</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt </em></span></td>
- <td>says</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt man </em></span></td>
- <td>does one say</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sechs </em></span></td>
- <td>six</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sehr </em></span></td>
- <td>very</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie </em></span></td>
- <td>she, it</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie </em></span></td>
- <td>you</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sieben </em></span></td>
- <td>seven</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sind </em></span></td>
- <td>are</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sprechen </em></span></td>
- <td>speak</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Streichhölzer </em></span></td>
- <td>matches</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Tag </em></span></td>
- <td>day</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Tee </em></span></td>
- <td>tea</td>
- </tr><tr>
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und </em></span></td>
- <td>and</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> verstehen </em></span></td>
- <td>understand</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> verstehen Sie </em></span></td>
- <td>do you understand</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich verstehe </em></span></td>
- <td>I understand</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verzeihung </em></span></td>
- <td>excuse me</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> vier </em></span></td>
- <td>four</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> was </em></span></td>
- <td>What</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Wasser </em></span></td>
- <td>water</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Wein </em></span></td>
- <td>wine</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie </em></span></td>
- <td>how</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie bitte? </em></span></td>
- <td>I beg your pardon. What did you say?</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie viel </em></span></td>
- <td>now much</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie viele </em></span></td>
- <td>how many</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wo </em></span></td>
- <td>Where</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zehn </em></span></td>
- <td>ten</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zigaretten </em></span></td>
- <td>cigarettes</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Zigarren </em></span></td>
- <td>cigars</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwei </em></span></td>
- <td>two</td>
- </tr><tr valign="top">
- <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwölf </em></span></td>
- <td>twelve</td>
- </tr></table></div></div></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d5e3369"/>Chapter 2. </h1></div></div></div><p/></div></div></body></html>
|