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+# Session 2026-10-23 — multi-dimensional open arrays (M1–M4)
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+
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+Same-day continuation of the range-check/PACKEDSET and ISO-exception
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+sessions. This session implemented the open-array ABI in four steps:
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+fixed storage, open views/calls, and payload `SIZE`/`ADR`.
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+
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+**Branch:** `master`. **Feature state:** open-array M4
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+(`v3-open-arrays-m4`), on top of `v3-finally`.
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+**Gates at the end:** suite **295/295**, fixpoint **OK
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+(3,480,366 bytes)**, corpus **518/612 compile-OK, 0 crashes**.
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+
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+---
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+
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+## Numbers
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+
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+| gate | start (M1) | end (M4) |
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+| --- | --- | --- |
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+| suite (`compiler/run_tests.sh`) | 283/283 | **295/295** |
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+| fixpoint (`bootstrap/fixpoint.sh`) | 4,198,600 B | **3,480,366 B** |
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+| corpus (`tools/v3-corpus/corpus.sh`) | 512/612 | **518/612, 0 crashes** |
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+
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+Corpus additions: `unbounded`, `unbounded2`, `unbounded3`,
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+`unbounded4` and `array9` compile; the first four also run.
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+`unbounded6`/`unbounded8`/`adrunbounded3` remain declaration-order
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+cases under V3 policy (their variables are declared after the
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+procedures). The corpus is compile-only; it is not a run gate.
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+
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+---
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+
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+## What landed
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+
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+### M1 — type/ABI helpers (`2cc6776`)
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+
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+- `SymTab.ArrayRank`, `SymTab.IsMultiArray`.
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+- `SymTab.ArrayLeafBytes`, `SymTab.ArrayStride`, and
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+ `SymTab.ArrayPayloadSize`.
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+- `MaxDefer` 256 → 512 and the session SSA buffer 4 → 8 MiB.
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+- Design document: `docs/design-open-arrays.md`.
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+
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+### M2 — fixed multi-dimensional storage (`4616e51`)
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+
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+- Rank-2/3 fixed arrays use one contiguous payload and a chain of
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+ 40-byte views:
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+ `{count, elemBytes, stride, base, next}`.
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+- Static multi arrays emit a view chain, per-level templates and a flat
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+ zero payload. Locals allocate views/templates + payload and
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+ initialize them in the frame.
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+- `ViewIndex` returns a copied next-level view for array selectors and
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+ a scalar address at the leaf.
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+- Pointer-to-multi indexing and `NEW` initialization work.
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+- Whole-array copy uses the flat payload; old nested static
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+ constructors are converted by `CopyOldNestedToView`.
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+- Rank-1 row views are adapted to the legacy 1-D `{count,data}`
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+ descriptor (copy-in/copy-back for `VAR`) as an interim ABI bridge.
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+- Regression: `t_multidim_local`; existing `t_multidim`, `t_array`,
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+ `t_ctor3`, `t_nestidx`, `t_nestarr`, `t_ptrnest` and `showcase6` stay
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+ green.
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+- Tag **`v3-open-arrays-m2`**.
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+
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+### M3 — open view descriptors (`557addb`)
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+
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+- Nested open formals (`ARRAY OF ARRAY OF …`) parse.
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+- Type compatibility accepts same-rank fixed/open arrays with the same
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+ leaf type, and `ARRAY OF BYTE`/`SBYTE` accepts any array rank for
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+ flattening.
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+- Fixed/open multi actuals and rank-2/3 subviews pass as `ArrayView`
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+ pointers; open-to-open forwarding and `VAR` writes go straight to
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+ `base`.
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+- Open formals index through `count/stride/base/next`;
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+ `HIGH`/`LEN` read the view count.
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+- Added: `t_open2d`, `t_open2d_value`, `t_open2d_high`,
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+ `t_open2d_nested`, `t_open3d`, `t_open3d_row`,
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+ `t_open_row_to_1d`, `t_open_flatten_byte`.
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+- Tag **`v3-open-arrays-m3`**.
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+
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+### M4 — array builtins (`df72d03`)
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+
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+- `SIZE`/`TSIZE` now use payload bytes for arrays:
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+ - fixed 1-D `count * leaf`;
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+ - open 1-D `count * element`;
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+ - multi views runtime `count * elemBytes`;
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+ - descriptor headers and the hidden 1-D CHAR terminator are
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+ excluded.
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+- `ADR`:
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+ - multi view/row → `view.base`;
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+ - 1-D open descriptor → `descriptor + 8`;
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+ - fixed 1-D → existing descriptor address (pointer-to-array
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+ compatibility);
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+ - scalar/selected element → its address.
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+- External 1-D compatibility descriptors include the CHAR/UCHAR
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+ terminator; the temporary descriptor is still freed after `VAR`
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+ copy-back.
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+- Added: `t_open2d_size`, `t_open2d_adr`, `t_open1d_size_adr`.
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+ `unbounded3` runs with `SIZE` 60/12/2/2.
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+- Tag **`v3-open-arrays-m4`**.
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+
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+---
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+
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+## Remaining
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+
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+- M5: multi-dimensional **record fields**, arrays of records with
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+ multi fields, and constructors using the flat/view layout.
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+- Optional follow-up: migrate the legacy 1-D descriptor itself to a
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+ pointer-based view. Row → 1-D still uses a copy-in/copy-back bridge,
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+ so row `ADR` identity through an internal 1-D call is not preserved.
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+ Writes are preserved.
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+- `unbounded6`/`unbounded8`/`adrunbounded3` still fail declaration
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+ order by policy; do not relax it for corpus count.
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+- Comparison/README/STATUS/features/INDEX were refreshed for M4.
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+
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+---
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+
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+## Commits and tags
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+
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+| commit | tag | work |
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+| --- | --- | --- |
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+| `2cc6776` | — | M1 type/ABI helpers |
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+| `0f422ae` | — | open-array design document |
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+| `4616e51` | `v3-open-arrays-m2` | fixed rank-2/3 flat storage + views |
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+| `7c02646` | — | M2 docs/tag map |
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+| `557addb` | `v3-open-arrays-m3` | open multi-array views + call conversion |
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+| `fb90c8f` | — | M3 docs/tag map |
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+| `df72d03` | `v3-open-arrays-m4` | payload `SIZE`/`TSIZE`, view `ADR` |
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+| this docs commit | `v3-open-arrays-m4-summary` | session summary |
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+| final docs commit | `v3-session-2026-10-23-open-arrays-end` | session tag |
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+
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+No push was performed.
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