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123_WhiteCloudTemple.html 19 KB
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  21. 		<TITLE>Baiyun Guan White Cloud Temple 北京白云观 Beijing</TITLE>
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  67. 					<td bgcolor="black"><A href="124_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><IMG src="../images/BaiyunGuan_7303ws.jpg" height="600" width="800" border=0 alt="Baiyun Guan 白云观 main gate"></a></td>
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  74. 			<h1><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Baiyun Guan </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">白云观</font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><br>
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  75. 					White Cloud Temple<br>
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  82. 							<td><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Baiyun Guan </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">白云观 </font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">(Báiyún Guān) was built in 739 during the Tang Dynasty (618 – 907).  The Tang Dynasty was a period of expansion and unification for China.  Various kingdoms were brought under central control and  the borders were expanded.  Without the constant fighting and defense expenditures made necessary by warring kingdoms, the Tang Dynasty was able to focus on cultural development and peaceful trade.  The economy quickly grew and allowed a leisure class to develop that was devoted to literature, music, philosophy, and scholarship.  Included in this exploration was the development of religious philosophy.</font>
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  83. 								<p><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">During the Tang Dynasty both Buddhism and Daoism flourished.  One or the other would gain support depending on the Emperor's preference, but for the most part, both were supported.  </font></p>
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  84. 								<p><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">During the reign of Empress Wu, from 690 to 705, she supported Buddhism as a political strategy to discredit her Daoist enemies and rivals.  However, under Emperor Xuan Zong (</font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">玄宗</font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> Xuán Zōng), who ruled from 712 to 756, Daoism was again the religion of the court.  It was during the reign of Xuan Zong that Baiyun Guan was built.</font></p>
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  85. 								<p><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Beijing was on the outskirts of the country at that time.  The capital was in Chang'an, </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">长安</font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> (Cháng'ān), in the center of what is China today. Beijing was called Ji, and its ancient center was quite near the White Cloud Temple. Ji was a logical place to establish a major monastery to cement the ties to the kingdom. It was near the northern borders and would serve as a cultural bulwark again the &quot;barbarian&quot; influences from north of the Great Wall. Both Daoism and Buddhism were already practiced throughout the area, having spread in ancient times to the north and strongly encouraged during the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-584) and succeeding dynasties. But having a temple and monks with ties to the Tang court helped strengthen the identity of the area as Tang, rather than as Xianbei, Xiongnu, Touba, Khitan, or Mongol; different peoples of the north who had ruled the area or had a presence in the area. </font></p>
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  86. 								<p><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The pailou </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">牌楼</font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> (páilou), or decorated archway, shown above, was built during the Ming Dynasty in 1443 under the reign of Zhengtong </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">正統</font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">.  It has seven roofs and four pillars.  The characters Dong Tian Sheng Jing </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">洞天胜竟</font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> dòngtiān shèngjìng (traditional </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">竟勝天洞</font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">) are inscribed on the center of the gate.  I asked a friend to translate, she said: &quot; </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">洞天胜境</font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> is a heavenly place far away from humen beings where only Gods can stay. It means when you start to practice Taoism you will see things differently. When you come to Bai Yun Guan you escape from the real world where you can experience another heavenly world.&quot; </font></p>
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  87. 								<p><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">As you can see, the four characters are packed with symbols and related meaning; poetry. It also refers to the teaching of Quanzhen Daoism, Complete Perfection Daoism, and its founder, Wang Chongyang (1113-1170). Wang Chongyang dug himself a tomb on a mountainside to contemplate the philosophy of Daoism. He became one of the Immortals of Daoist belief. Later, Baiyun Guan would become one of the centers of the Quanzhen tradition of Daoism.</font></p>
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  91. 									<h1><font size="-1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Contents </font><font size="+1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">目录</font></h1>
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  96. 											<td><font size="-1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Click on the picture above or use the arrows at the top of the page to navigate.  The contents are for your convenient return to topics but exclude many pages.</font></td>
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  103. 									<p align="left"><a href="123_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Pailou </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">牌楼</font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> (páilou), or decorated archway</font><br>
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  104. 										<a href="125_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Mountain Gate </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">山门</font><br>
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  105. 										<a href="128_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Wofeng Bridge </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">窝风桥</font><br>
    106. 

  106. 										<a href="130_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Linguan Hall </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">灵官殿</font><br>
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  107. 										<a href="132_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Wang Lingguan </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">王灵官</font><br>
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  108. 										<a href="133_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Temple of Three Emperors </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">三官殿</font><br>
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  109. 										<a href="134_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Lao Lü Temple </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">老律堂</font><br>
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  110. 										<a href="137_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Seven Immortals </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">七真</font><br>
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  111. 										<a href="137_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Wang Chongyang </font><font size="+1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">王重阳</font><br>
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  112. 										<a href="139_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Complete Perfection Quanzhen </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">全真道家</font><br>
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  113. 										<a href="142_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Temple of God Relieving Sufferers </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">救苦殿</font><br>
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  114. 										<a href="143_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Taiyi </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">太乙</font><br>
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  115. 										<a href="144_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Temple of Founder Qiu </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">邱祖殿</font><br>
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  116. 										<a href="145_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Qiu Chuji </font>丘处机 / <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Qiu Changchun </font>丘<font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">长春</font><br>
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  117. 										<a href="146_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Letter from Genghis Khan </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">成吉思汗</font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> to Qiu Chuji </font><br>
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  118. 										<a href="147_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Qiu Chuji </font>丘处机 <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Letter to Genghis Khan</font><br>
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  119. 										<a href="152_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Tianshan Mountains </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">天山</font><br>
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  120. 										<a href="154_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Samarkand </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">撒马尔罕</font><br>
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  121. 										<a href="157_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Qiu Chuji returns </font>丘处机回家<br>
    122. 

  122. 										<a href="159_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Temple of Four Emperors 四御殿</font><br>
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  123. 										<a href="163_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">San Qing Temple 三清阁</font><br>
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  124. 										<a href="171_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Cihang Temple </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">慈航殿 </font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Guan Yin </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">觀音</font><br>
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  125. 										<a href="174_WhiteCloudTemple.html"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"><img src="../images/nextgold.gif" alt="" width="30" height="30" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a> <font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Three Stars Temple </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">三星殿</font><br>
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