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- <title>Emancipation Proclamation -- Reading Revolutions</title>
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- <td BGCOLOR="#C0C0C0"><blockquote>
- <blockquote><blockquote>
- <font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">Sweden
- abolished slavery (1335)</font><p>
- <font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">France
- abolished slavery (1794)<br>
- France resumed slavery (1802)<br>
- France abolished slavery, again (1848)</font></p>
- <p><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">
- British abolished the slave trade (1807)<br>
- British emancipated all slaves in all colonial possessions (1833)</font></p>
- <p><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">
- Mexico abolished slavery (1829)</font></p>
- <p><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">
- Russia abolished slavery (1861)</font></p>
- <p><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif"
- size="-1">Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865) <br>
- 16</font><sup><font face="Verdana"
- size="-1">th</font></sup><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif"
- size="-1"> President of the United States (1861-1865)<br>
- <br>
- <b>Emancipation Proclamation</b> -- January 1, 1863<b><br>
- Gettysburg Address</b> -- November 19, 1863 </font></p>
- </blockquote></blockquote>
- </blockquote>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><blockquote><blockquote><blockquote>
- <blockquote>
- <p><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">
- <br>
- President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on
- January 1, 1863. Below there is a lithographed copy of the
- <em>Proclamation</em>, commonly called a broadside. At the bottom left hand of the document the credits
- read: "Designed & executed by A. Kidder Publisher Office 429
- Broadway, N. Y. 86 Dearborn St. Chicago.
- Lith & printed Cha" Shober & Co. Clark & Lake St. Chicago." At the
- bottom center are the words: "Entered according to act of Congress
- by A. Kidder in the Clerks office of the District Court for the Norther
- District of Illinois." </font></p>
- <p><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">
- Charles Shober was a well known lithographer in Chicago. He
- created maps, panorama views of cities, as well as commemorative or
- souvenir broadsides such as the one shown. The broadsides of
- the Emancipation Proclamation were
- popular and a number of different ones were produced by different
- lithographers across the country.
- While the Proclamation merely freed the slaves in the secessionist
- states, many in the country viewed the Proclamation as absolute.
- Thus, they wanted a memento of what was seen as the decisive action to
- end slavery.</font></p>
- <p><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">
- The Proclamation had a number of effects on the war, not the least of
- which was to build the morale and strength of purpose of the populace.
- The popularity of the copies of the Proclamation show that the action
- was broadly, if not universally, popular. It was not until the
- 13th Amendment was ratified on December 6, 1865 that slavery was
- abolished legally throughout the United States.</font></p>
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- <a href="pictures/EmancipationProclamation/5994Emancipation_wl.jpg"><img border="0" src="pictures/EmancipationProclamation/5994Emancipation_w.jpg" width="324" height="400"></a></td>
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- <a href="pictures/EmancipationProclamation/6033Emancipation_wl.jpg">
- <img border="0" src="pictures/EmancipationProclamation/6033Emancipation_w.jpg" width="501" height="400"></a></td>
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- <a href="pictures/EmancipationProclamation/6039bEmancipation_wl.jpg"><img border="0" src="pictures/EmancipationProclamation/6039bEmancipation_w.jpg" width="509" height="400"></a></td>
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- <td align="center">
- <font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">
- The enlargements of the document are sufficient for easy reading
- -- they will be a slow download on a modem. The
- photographs of the Emancipation Proclamation
- may be used freely on non-commercial sites (no
- advertisements) and for educational purposes. Please
- link to this site for the copyright.</font></td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- </div>
- <p><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif"
- size="-1">
- <br>
- Quotations:</font></p>
- <blockquote>
- <p><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">That
- execrable sum of all villainies commonly called the Slave-trade.</font><br>
- <font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-2"> (John Wesley, Journal, 1703 - 1791)</font></p>
- <p><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">
- Is life so dear or peace so sweet as to be purchased at the price of
- chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course
- others may take, but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!<br></font>
-
- <font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-2">(Patrick
- Henry (1736-1799) Speech in the Virginia Convention, March, 1775)</font><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1"><br>
- <br>
- Slaves are considered as property, not as persons. They ought
- therefore to be comprehended in estimates of taxation which are
- founded on property, and to be excluded from representation which is
- regulated by a census of persons. This is the objection, as I
- understand it, stated in its full force. I shall be equally candid
- in stating the reasoning which may be offered on the opposite side.
- "We subscribe to the doctrine,"" might one of our Southern brethren
- observe, "that representation relates more immediately to persons,
- and taxation more immediately to property, and we join in the
- application of this distinction to the case of our slaves. But we
- must deny the fact, that slaves are considered merely as property,
- and in no respect whatever as persons. The true state of the case
- is, that they partake of both these qualities: being considered by
- our laws, in some respects, as persons, and in other respects as
- property.<br></font>
- <font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-2">
- (Federalist Papers No. 54, Hamilton or Madison, February 12, 1788)</font></p>
- <p><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">I am
- naturally anti-slavery. If slavery is not wrong, nothing is
- wrong. </font> <br>
- <font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-2">(A. Lincoln, in a letter to
- Albert G. Hodges April 4, 1864.)</font></p>
- <p><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">No
- man can put a chain about the ankle of his fellow man without at
- last finding the other end fastened about his own neck.<br>
- <font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-2"> (Frederick Douglass,
- 1818 - 1895) </font></p>
- <p><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1"><br>
- </p>
- </blockquote>
- </blockquote>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td BGCOLOR="#C0C0C0"><blockquote>
- <blockquote><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif"
- size="-1"><b>Further
- Resources:</b><br>
- <br>
- The text and photographs of
- <a href="http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured_documents/emancipation_proclamation/">
- Emancipation Proclamation</a> 1863 from
- U. S. National Archives<br>
- <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><br>
- </span>The text and photographs of
- <a href="http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/alhtml/almgall.html"><i>Drafts
- for the Proclamation</i></a><i> </i>-- 1862 from the Library of
- Congress</font><br>
- <font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">
- <br>
- The early <a href="http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african/afam005.html">
- abolitionist movement</a>
- -- from 1740 from the Library of Congress -- includes pictures of pamphlets and
- broadsides</font><p>
- <font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">Abbé
- Raynal, <i><a href="http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/278/">
- Philosophical and Political History of the Settlements and Trade of
- the Europeans in the East and West Indies</a></i> (1770)
- Describes the history of colonialism, slavery, and exploitations by
- the European cultures. While critics have pointed out
- inaccuracies it gives an overall contemporary view of the situation.
- Be sure to verify particulars when reading it.</font></p>
- <p>
- <font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">Brief
- account of the
- <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/society_culture/protest_reform/antislavery_05.shtml">
- British anti-slavery</a> movement by Dr. John Oldfield from the BBC</font></p>
- <p>
- <font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">Text of
- the <a href="http://docsouth.unc.edu/fpn/grandy/menu.html">Narrative of the Life of Moses Grandy, Late a Slave in
- the United States of America</a>.<br>
- London: Gilpin, 1843. -- from the University of North Carolina<br><br>
- Listen to <a href="http://www.freeaudio.org/tpaine/slavery.html">
- African Slavery in America</a> by Thomas Paine, March 8, 1775 from
- FreeAudio.org</font></p>
- <p>
- <font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1"><br>
- <a href="http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/214.html">
- Lithography</a> and map making in the Chicago area in the 1800"s --
- from Encyclopedia Chicago</p>
- <p><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">
- <a href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/petersprints/searchresults.cfm?Category=Civil+War">
- Lithograph collection from the 1800"s and Civil War</a> from The
- Harry T. Peters Collection, also see a lithograph by
- <a href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/petersprints/searchresults.cfm?Keywords=Charles+Shober">
- Charles Shober</a> in the same collection.</font></p>
- <p><a href="http://users.erols.com/bcccsbs/bass/bass.html">Modern
- slavery</a>: from the Baltimore Anti-Slavery Society</p>
- <p><a href="http://www.anti-slaverysociety.addr.com/toc.htm">Modern
- slavery</a>: from the Anti-Slavery Society -- focus on child
- labor in third world countries</p>
- <p>
- <a href="http://www.globalaware.org/Artlicles_eng/slave_art_eng.htm">
- Modern slavery:</a> from Global Aware</p>
- <p>
- <a href="http://www.iwu.edu/~wstudies/studentprojects/lirwin/Modern%20Slavery.htm">
- Modern slavery:</a> nice summary of some issues by a student</p>
- <p><a href="http://www.ci.austin.tx.us/police/release33_0705.htm">
- Modern slavery:</a> Police departments receive special
- training -- the fight goes on</p>
- <p><font face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans serif" size="-1">
- <br><br><br> (c) Marilyn Shea, 2005<br> University of Maine at Farmington<br>
- </font></p>
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