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		<TITLE>Jade Northern Song 北宋 Dynasty  Beijing Capital Museum 首都博物馆</TITLE>
		

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					<td bgcolor="black"><A href="012_Jade_Capital_Museum.html"><IMG src="../images/Chinese_Jade9762w.jpg" height="650" width="1034" border=0 title="Northern Song Dynasty Ornament Carved with Double Peacocks"></a></td>

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							<font color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Ornament Carved with Double Peacocks</strong></font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong> </strong></font>
							<p><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Greenish-white Jade<br>
										Northern Song 960 - 1127 AD</strong></font></p>
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			<h1><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Jade Objects from the History of Beijing</font><font size="-1"><br>
										</font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Capital Museum</font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> 首都博物馆</font></h1>
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							<td><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">During the Qin </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">秦</font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> (221 BC to 207 BC) and Han Dynasties </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">汉</font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> (206 BC to 220 AD) the Yan State </font><font>燕国</font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">, which included Beijing, was brought under the central control of the Han culture based in Chang'an, today's Xi'an.  After the fall of the Han Dynasty, the north was ruled by various kingdoms and wasn't reabsorbed until the Tang Dynasty </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">唐</font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> (618 to 907) conquered the separate kingdoms and brought them under central contol again. China again broke up after the Tang Dynasty fell and Beijing was ruled by the Khitan (Liao Dynasty) and Jurchen tribes (Jin Dynasty) from the north. Both the Khitan and Jurchen societies had elaborate and sophisticated designs used in jewelry and ornaments. The ornament shown above was carved during the Liao Dynasty, when Beijing was under the control of the Khitan culture. The capital of the Northern Song </font>北宋<font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> Dynasty (960 to 1127)  was in Kaifeng, to the south.</font></td>
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<font size="-1" face="Verdana,Arial,Helvetica"><a class="white" href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/china.html">  China Index </a></font><font size+1 class="white"> >> </font><font size="-1" face="Verdana,Arial,Helvetica"><a class="white" href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/beijing2.html">  History of Beijing in Pictures </a></font><font size+1 class="white"> >> </font><font size="-1" face="Verdana,Arial,Helvetica"><a class="white" href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/HistoricBeijing/Chinese_Jade/index.html">  Jade at Capital Museum Beijing </a></font>
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