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Mod5.txt

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+[1]
+
+MODULE 5: TRANSPORTATION
+
+The Transportation Module (TRN) will provide you with the skills needed to use taxis, trains, buses, and planes in China.
+
+Before starting this module, you must take and pass the DIR Criterion Test.
+
+The TRN Criterion Test will focus largely on this module, but material from CRN, BIO, MON, DIR, and associated resource modules is also included.
+
+OBJECTIVES
+
+Upon successful completion of this module, the student should be able to
+
+1. Give the English equivalent for any Chinese sentence in the TRN Target Lists.
+
+2. Say any Chinese sentence in the TRN Target Lists when cued with its English equivalent.
+
+3. Use the bus system: find out which buses go to a specific destination, at what times they leave, how often they run, where to buy tickets, where to change buses (if necessary), when the last bus of the day leaves, and where his stop is.
+
+4. Take a taxi: hail one, tell the driver where to go, and use commands such as “hurry,” “slow down,” and “stop here."
+
+5. Use the train system: find out which trains go to a specific destination, at what times they leave, when and where to buy tickets, whether or not tickets are available for a train leaving on a specific date at a specific time, the distance to the destination, the duration of the train trip to that place, which platform the train leaves from, what to do with luggage, and whether or not the train has a dining car.
+
+6. Take a plane: reserve a ticket for a certain date and time; find out whether or not the flight is direct, the duration of the flight, and traveling time to the airport; and arrange for transportation to the airport.
+
+7. Describe in detail a trip (taken in the past or planned for the future): places visited (which places and what they are like), traveling companions, transportation for the trip, length of stay, number of previous trips to the same places.
+
+[4]
+
+UNIT 1 TARGET LIST
+
+
+1. Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē?
+
+到西門町去，坐幾路車？
+
+What bus do you take to get to Ximénding?
+
+Zuò Shíbālù.
+
+坐十八路。
+
+Take Number 18.
+
+2. Shíbālù chē duō bu duo?
+
+十八路車多不多？
+
+Are there many Number 18 buses?
+
+Bù hěn duō.
+
+不很多。
+
+Not very many.
+
+3. Měi gé jǐfēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē?
+
+每隔幾分鐘有一班車？
+
+How often is there a bus?
+
+4. Wǒ měige Xīngqīliù dōu qù kàn diànyǐng.
+
+我每個星期六都去看電影。
+
+I go to see a movie every Saturday.
+
+5. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi jǐdiān zhōng?
+
+最後一班車是幾點鐘？
+
+ What time is the last bus?
+
+6. Zhèbān chē shì bu shi qù Xīméndīng?
+
+這班車是不是去西門町？
+
+Does this bus go to Xīméndīng?
+
+Shì. Shàng chē ba!
+
+是。上車吧！
+
+Yes. Get on!
+
+7. Dào Xīméndīngde shíhou, qǐng gàosong wǒ.
+
+到西門町的時候，請告誦我。
+
+When we get to Xīméndīng, please tell me.
+
+8. Wǒ shì bu shi zài zhèli xià chē?
+
+我是不是在這裏下車？
+
+Is it here that I get off?
+
+Bú shi. Xià yízhàn.
+
+不是。下一站。
+
+No. The next stop.
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+9. shàng-
+
+上
+
+last, previous (something)
+
+10. tóu-
+
+頭
+
+first (something)
+
+11. gàosu
+
+告訴
+
+to tell, to inform (alternate pronunciation for gàosong)
+
+12. shǎo
+
+少
+
+to be few
+
+13. xià chē
+
+下車
+
+to get off the bus; “Out, please!”
+
+14. yǒu(de) shíhou
+
+有(的)時候
+
+sometimes
+
+15. chéng
+
+城
+
+city
+
+[5]
+
+UNIT 2 TARGET LIST
+
+1. Dào zhǎnlǎnguǎn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到展覽館有沒有直達車？
+
+Is there a direct bus to the exhibition hall?
+
+Měiyou. Zuò Yīlù chē, zuò dao Xīdān huàn chē.
+
+沒有。坐一路車，坐到西單換車。
+
+No. Take the Number 1 bus; take it to Xīdān and change buses.
+
+2. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？
+
+Where do we buy tickets?
+
+Zài chēshang mǎi piào.
+
+在車上買票。
+
+We buy tickets on the bus.
+
+3. Hǎo, xiànzài zǒu ba!
+
+好，現在走吧。
+
+Okay, let’s go now!
+
+4. Èi! Zánmen bú shi zuòguò zhàn le ba?
+
+誒！咱們不是坐過站了吧？
+
+Hey! Haven’t we gone past our stop?
+
+Hái méi ne. Xià yízhàn cái xià chē.
+
+還沒呢。下一站才下車。
+
+Not yet. We don’t get off until the next stop.
+
+5. Láojià, Shíwǔlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?
+
+勞駕，十五路汽車站在哪兒？
+
+Excuse me, where is the Number 15 bus stop?
+
+Jiù zài nèige lùkǒurshang.
+
+就在那個路口兒上。
+
+It’s (just) on that corner.
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+6. gōnggòng qìchē
+
+公共汽車
+
+public bus (local)
+
+7. -li
+
+裏
+
+in (locational ending)
+
+8. -shang
+
+上
+
+on
+
+9. shàng ban
+
+上班
+
+to start work, to go to work
+
+10. xià bān
+
+下班
+
+to get off from work, to leave work
+
+[6]
+
+UNIT 3 TARGET LIST
+
+1. Wǒ yào zuò jìchéngchē dào huǒchēzhàn qu.
+
+我要計程車到火車站去。
+
+I want to take a taxi to the train station.
+
+2. Wǒ zhǐ yǒu zhè liǎngjiàn xíngli.
+
+我只有這兩件行李。
+
+I have only these two suitcases.
+
+Hǎo, wǒ ba xíngli fàng zai qiánbǐan.
+
+好，我把行李放在前邊。
+
+Okay, I’ll put the suitcases in front.
+
+3. Nǐ kāide tài kuài le!
+
+你開得太快了！
+
+You are driving too fast!
+
+4. Tā kāi chē, kāide bú kuài.
+
+他開車，開得不快。
+
+He doesn’t drive fast.
+
+5. Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān, láidejí.
+
+我們有時間，來得及。
+
+We have time. We can make it in time.
+
+6. Qǐng màn yìdiǎn kāi.
+
+請慢一點開。
+
+Please drive a little slower.
+
+7. Bié kāi nàme kuāi!
+
+別開那麽快！
+
+Don’t drive so fast!
+
+8. Qǐng ni zài qiánbian nèige yínháng tíng yíxià.
+
+請你在前邊那個銀行聼一下。
+
+Please stop at that bank up ahead for a moment.
+
+9. Bú yòng zhǎo le.
+
+不用找了。
+
+Keep the change.
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+10. chūzū qìchē
+
+出租汽車
+
+taxi (PRC)
+
+11. láibují
+
+來不及
+
+can’t make it in time
+
+12. qìchē
+
+汽車
+
+car, motor vehicle
+
+13. zhème
+
+這麽
+
+so, to this extent, in this way
+
+14. zènme
+
+怎麽
+
+so, to this extent, in this way
+
+[7]
+
+UNIT 4 TARGET LIST
+
+
+1. Wǒ xiǎng qù Táinán wán jitiān.
+
+我想去臺南玩幾天。
+
+I’m thinking of going to Tainan to relax for a few days.
+
+2. Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne?
+
+你説是坐火車去好呢，還是坐公路局去好呢？
+
+Would you say it’s better to go by train or to go by bus?
+
+Zuò huǒchē qu hǎo. Dào Táinán qù zuò Gōnglùjú bú dǎ fāngbian.
+
+坐火車去好。到臺南去坐公路局不大方便。
+
+It’s better to go by train. To go to Tainan, it's not very convenient to take the bus.
+
+3. Zuò huǒchē děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
+
+坐火車得先買票嗎？
+
+If I take the train, is it necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?
+
+Nǐ zuìhǎo liǎngsāntiān yǐqián qù mǎi piào.
+
+你最好兩三天以前去買票。
+
+It would be best for you to go to buy your tickets two or three days ahead of time.
+
+Zuò Gōnglùjú ne?
+
+坐公路局呢？
+
+And if I take the bus?
+
+Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.
+
+不必先買票。
+
+It's not necessary to buy tickets ahead of time.
+
+4. Nǐ yào zuò shénme shíhoude chē?
+
+你要做什麽時候的車？
+
+What train do you want to take?
+
+Wǒ yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.
+
+我要坐上午的車。
+
+I want to take a morning train.
+
+5. Duìbuqǐ, shàngwǔde piào dōu màiwán le.
+
+對不起，上午的票都賣完了。
+
+I’m sorry, the tickets for the morning trains are all sold out.
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+6. chuán
+
+船
+
+boat, ship
+
+7. dìtiě
+
+地鐵
+
+subway (abbreviation for dìxià tiědào)
+
+8. dìxià huǒchē
+
+地下火車
+
+underground train, subway
+
+9. wán (wǎnr)
+
+玩(兒)
+
+to play, to relax, to enjoy oneself
+
+10. -wán
+
+完
+
+to be finished (occurs in compound verbs of result)
+
+[8]
+
+UNIT 5 TARGET LIST
+
+1. Wǒ xiǎng dào Nánjīng qù kànkan.
+
+我想到南京去看看。
+
+I would like to go to Nánjīng to look around.
+
+Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù?
+
+你計劃哪天去？
+
+What day do you plan to go?
+
+Míngtiān huòshi hòutiān qù dōu kéyi.
+
+明天或是後天去都可以。
+
+Tomorrow and (or) the day after are both possible.
+
+2. Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duó yuǎn?
+
+上海離南京有多遠。
+
+How far is Shanghai from Nánjīng?
+
+Yǒu liǎngbǎiwǔshiduō gōnglī.
+
+有兩百五十多公里。
+
+It’s over 250 kilometers.
+
+3. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao shíhou?
+
+坐火車要走多少時候。
+
+How long does it take to go by train?
+
+Yào zǒu sìge bàn xiǎoshí.
+
+要走四個半小時。
+
+It takes four and a half hours.
+
+4. Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng qù. Yǐqiǎn méi qùguo.
+
+這是我第一次到南京去。以前沒去過。
+
+This will be the first time I have gone to Nánjīng. I haven’t gone there before.
+
+5. Bànge xiǎoshí gòu le.
+
+半個小時夠了。
+
+Half an hour is enough.
+
+6. Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.
+
+我希望下午離開這兒。
+
+I hope to leave here in the afternoon.
+
+Shísāndiǎn líng wǔfēn yǒu yítàng tèkuài.
+
+十三點零五分有一趟特快。
+
+There’s an express at 1305.
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+7. dǎsuan
+
+打算
+
+to plan to
+
+8. huòzhě (huòzhe)
+
+或者
+
+or (alternate form of huòshi)
+
+9. yǐhòu
+
+以後
+
+afterwards, later on, in the future
+
+10. zhōngtóu
+
+鐘頭
+
+hour (alternate word for xiǎoshí)
+
+[9]
+
+UNIT 6 TARGET LIST
+
+1. Huǒchē jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+火車幾點鐘開？
+
+What time does the train leave?
+
+Shíbādiǎn wǔshiwǔfēn fā chē.
+
+十八點五十五分發車。
+
+It departs at 1855.
+
+2. Qǐng nǐ bǎ nǐde hùzhào hé lǚxíngzhèng gěi wo.
+
+請你把你的護照和旅行證給我。
+
+Please give me your passport and travel permit.
+
+3. Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài dìjǐ zhàntái?
+
+到上海取得車在第幾站臺？
+
+On which platform is the train to Shànghǎi?
+
+4. Bú yòng jí. Hái zǎo ne. Nǐ xiān zài zhèige jiēdàishì xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+不用急。還早呢。你先在這個接待室休息休息。
+
+No need to be anxious. It’s still early. First, rest a bit in this waiting room.
+
+5. Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli zěnme bàn? Shì bu shi kéyi náshang chē qu?
+
+我這件行李怎麽辦？是不是可以拿上車去。
+
+What should I do about this suitcase of mine? May I take it onto the train?
+
+Kéyi bǎ xíngli náshang chē qu.
+
+可以把行李拿上車去。
+
+You may take the suitcase onto the train.
+
+6. Zhèibān chē yǒu cānchē ba?
+
+這班車有餐車吧？
+
+This train has a dining car, I suppose?
+
+Yǒu. Yǒu Zhōngcān, yě yǒu Xīcān.
+
+有。有中餐，也有西餐。
+
+Yes. There’s Chinese food and there’s also Western food.
+
+Hǎojíle.
+
+好極了。
+
+Great.
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+7. bān
+
+搬
+
+to move
+
+8. náshangqu
+
+拿上去
+
+to take up
+
+náshanglai
+
+拿上來
+
+to bring up
+
+náxiaqu
+
+拿下去
+
+to take down
+
+náxialai
+
+拿下來
+
+to bring down
+
+9. pǎo
+
+跑
+
+to run
+
+10. wǎn
+
+晚
+
+to be late
+
+11. yuètái
+
+月臺
+
+train platform (alternate word for zhàntái, more common in Taiwan)
+
+[10]
+
+UNIT 7 TARGET LIST
+
+1. Lǎo Sòng, zěnmeyàng? Máng ne?
+
+老宋，怎麽樣？忙呢？
+
+Song, how are things going? Are you busy?
+
+Bù zěnme máng.
+
+不怎麽忙。
+
+Not especially busy.
+
+2. Qǐng ni gěi wo dìng yìzhāng fēijī piào.
+
+請你給我訂一張飛機票。
+
+Please reserve a plane ticket for me.
+
+3. Piào dìnghǎo le.
+
+票訂好了。
+
+The ticket has been reserved.
+
+Něibān fēijī? Jǐdiǎn zhōng qǐfēi?
+
+哪班飛機？幾點鐘起飛？
+
+Which flight? What time does it take off?
+
+4. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Guǎngzhōuma?
+
+這班飛機直飛廣州嗎？
+
+Does this flight go directly to Guǎngzhōu?
+
+5. Cóng Sānlǐtún dào fēijīchǎng yào duōshao shíjiān?
+
+從三里屯到飛機場要多少時間？
+
+How much time does it take to go from Sānlǐtún to the airport?
+
+6. Rúguǒ wǒ bādiǎn zhōng líkāi jiā, láidejí ba?
+
+如果我八點鐘離開家，來得及吧？
+
+If I leave home at eight o’clock, I can make it in time. Right?
+
+7. Qǐng ni pài ge chē lái jiē wo, sòng wo dào fēijīchǎng qu.
+
+請你派個車來接我，送我到飛機場去。
+
+Please send a car to pick me up and take me to the airport.
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+
+(not presented on C-1 and P~1 tapes)
+
+8. -hǎo le
+
+好了
+
+to be satisfactorily completed
+
+9. lǚguǎn
+
+旅館
+
+hotel
+
+10. shuōhǎo le
+
+説好了
+
+to have come to an agreement (about something); (something) has been agreed on
+
+11. xiǎnghǎo le
+
+想好了
+
+to have reached a conclusion (about something); (something) has been thought out
+
+12. yàoshi
+
+要是
+
+if (alternate word for rúguǒ)
+
+13. zuòhǎo le
+
+做好了
+
+to have finished doing (something); (something) has been finished
+
+[11]
+
+UNIT 8 TARGET LIST
+
+1. Hǎo jiǔ méi jiàn, nín chū mén le ba?
+
+好久沒見，您出門了吧？
+
+I haven’t seen you in a long time. You have been away, I suppose?
+
+2. Nín wèishénme gāng huílai yòu qù le ne?
+
+您為什麽剛回來又去了呢？
+
+Why did you go again when you had just come back from there?
+
+Wǒ zhèicì dào Guǎngzhōu qù shi yīnwei wǒ yǒu yige hěn hǎode péngyou cóng Xiānggǎng lái.
+
+我這次到廣州去是因爲我有一個很好的朋友從香港來。
+
+This time I went to Guǎngzhōu because I had a very good friend coming there from Hong Kong.
+
+3. Wǒmen yǒu yìnián méi jiàn le.
+
+我們有一年沒見了。
+
+We had not seen each other for a year.
+
+Tā qǐng wo péi ta yìqǐ qù lǚxíng.
+
+她請我陪她一起去旅行。
+
+She asked me to accompany her (in her) travels.
+
+4. Sānge yuè yǐqián tā hái bù zhīdào néng bu néng lái.
+
+三個月以前她還不知道能不能來。
+
+Three months ago she didn’t know yet whether she would be able to come or not.
+
+5. Nǐmen dōu qùguo shénme dìfang?
+
+你們都去過什麽地方？
+
+What places did you go to?
+
+6. Hángzhōu gēn Sūzhōu zhēn shi piàoliang.
+
+杭州跟蘇州真是漂亮。
+
+Hángzhōu and Sūzhōu are really beautiful.
+
+7. Yǒu jīhui wǒ yào zài qù yícì.
+
+有機會我要再去一次。
+
+If I have the chance, I would like to go again.
+
+8. Zhèixiē dìfang nǐ dōu qùguo le ba?
+
+這些地方你都去過了吧？
+
+You have gone to all those places, I suppose?
+
+Méi dōu qùguo.
+
+沒都去過。
+
+I haven’t been to all of them.
+
+9. huí guó
+
+回國
+
+to return to one’s native country
+
+10. huí jiā
+
+回家
+
+to come/go home
+
+11. huíqu
+
+回去
+
+to go back
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+12. rènao
+
+熱鬧
+
+to be lively/bustling/noisy
+
+13. yǒu yìsi
+
+有意思
+
+to be interesting
+
+14. méi(yǒu) yìsi
+
+沒(有)意思
+
+to be uninteresting
+
+15. suǒyǐ (suóyi)
+
+所以
+
+therefore, so
+
+[12]
+
+UNIT 1
+
+REFERENCE LIST
+
+1. A: Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē?
+
+到西門町去，坐幾路車？
+
+What bus do you take to get to Xīméndīng?
+
+B: Zuò Shíbālù.
+
+坐十八路。
+
+Take Number 18.
+
+2. A: Shíbālù chē duō bu duo?
+
+十八路車多不多？
+
+Are there many Number 18 buses?
+
+B: Bù hěn duō.
+
+不很多。
+
+Not very many.
+
+3. A: Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?
+
+每隔多少時候有一班車。
+
+How much time is there between buses?
+
+B: Měi gé èrshifēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.
+
+每隔二十分鐘有一班。
+
+There’s one every twenty minutes.
+
+4. C: Wǒ měige Xīngqīliù dōu qù kàn diànyǐng.
+
+我每個星期六都去看電影。
+
+I go to see a movie every Saturday.
+
+5. A: Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
+
+最後一班車是幾點鐘？
+
+What time is the last bus?
+
+B: Shíyīdiǎn shífēn.
+
+十一點十分。
+
+Eleven-ten.
+
+6. D: Zhèbān chē shì bu shi qù Xīméndīng?
+
+這班車是不是去西門町？
+
+Does this bus go to Xīméndīng?
+
+E: Shì. Shàng chē ba!
+
+是。上車吧！
+
+Yes, Get on!
+
+7. A: Dào Xīméndīngde shíhou, qǐng gàosong wǒ.
+
+到西門町的時候，請告誦我。
+
+When we get to Xīméndīng, please tell me.
+
+F: Hǎo.
+
+好。
+
+Okay.
+
+8. A: Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Xīméndīng?
+
+還有幾站到西門町？
+
+How many more stops are there to (before) Xīméndīng?
+
+F: Xià yízhàn jiù shi Xīměndīng.
+
+下一站就是西門町。
+
+The next stop is Xīméndīng.
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+9. shàng-
+
+上
+
+last, previous (something)
+
+10. tóu-
+
+頭
+
+first (something)
+
+[13]
+
+11. gàosu
+
+告訴
+
+to tell, to inform (alternate pronunciation for gàosong)
+
+12. shǎo
+
+少
+
+to be few
+
+13. xià chē
+
+下車
+
+to get off the bus; “Out, please!"
+
+14. yǒu(de) shíhou
+
+有(的)時候
+
+sometimes
+
+15. chéng
+
+城
+
+city
+
+[14]
+
+VOCABULARY
+
+-bān
+
+班
+
+(counter for regularly scheduled trips of buses, planes, subways, trains, etc.)
+
+chē
+
+車
+
+vehicle, bus, car
+
+chéng
+
+城
+
+city
+
+duō
+
+多
+
+to be many
+
+-fēn
+
+分
+
+a minute
+
+gàosong
+
+告誦
+
+to tell, to inform
+
+gàosu
+
+告訴
+
+to tell, to inform
+
+gé
+
+隔
+
+to separate, to divide off
+
+jǐlù chē
+
+幾路車
+
+what number bus
+
+měi-
+
+每
+
+every, each
+
+shàng
+
+上
+
+to get on
+
+shàng-
+
+上
+
+last, previous (something)
+
+shǎo
+
+少
+
+to be few
+
+tóu-
+
+頭
+
+first (something)
+
+xià
+
+下
+
+to get off
+
+xià-
+
+下
+
+next (something)
+
+xià chē
+
+下車
+
+to get off the bus; “Out, please!”
+
+Xīmēndīng
+
+西門町
+
+(an area of Taipei)
+
+yǒu(de) shíhou
+
+有(的)時候
+
+sometimes
+
+zhàn
+
+站
+
+a stop, a station
+
+zuìhòu
+
+最後
+
+last, final (something)
+
+(introduced on C-2 and P-2 tapes)
+
+Běihǎi Gōngyuán
+
+北海公園
+
+(a famous park in Běijīng)
+
+biěde shíhou
+
+別的時候
+
+other times
+
+Dōngjīng
+
+東京
+
+Tokyo
+
+fàng jià
+
+放假
+
+to close for a holiday
+
+hǎowán
+
+好玩
+
+to “be fun (lit. , “good for relaxing”)
+
+huì
+
+會
+
+will
+
+sījī
+
+司機
+
+driver of a hired vehicle
+
+zǒu ba
+
+走吧
+
+let’s go
+
+[15]
+
+REFERENCE NOTES
+
+1. A: Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē?
+
+到西門町去，坐幾路車？
+
+What bus do you take to get to Xīméndīng?
+
+B: Zuò Shíbālù.
+
+坐十八路。
+
+Take Number 18.
+
+2. A: Shíbālù chē duō bu duo?
+
+十八路車多不多？
+
+Are there many Number 18 buses?
+
+B: Bù hěn duō.
+
+不很多。
+
+Not very many.
+
+Notes on Nos. 1-2
+
+Xīméndīng literally means “West Gate ding”—dīng being a Japanese term for “district.” Xīméndīng is the area of Taipei which surrounds the former west gate of the city. Today the district includes many shops, department stores, and movie theaters.
+
+Lù is the word for “route.” The question jǐlù? asks for the route number of the bus.
+
+Zuò, “to ride/to go by/to take [a conveyance]”:* Here zuò (literally, "to sit”) means to go by some means of transportation which the passenger is inside of (e.g., car, plane, boat, train, bus, elevator—NOT a motor- cycle or a horse). In exchange 1, zuò is used as a main verb. It can also be used as a prepositional verb, as in
+
+
+Nǐ zěnme qù?
+
+你怎麽去？
+
+How are you going? (i.e., by what means of transportation)
+
+Wǒ zuò huǒchē qù.
+
+我坐火車去。
+
+I am going by train.
+
+*Zuò appeared earlier in Zuò diàntī dào èrlou, “Take the elevator to the second floor."
+
+Duō, “to be many/much,” is an adjectival verb.** There are several points to remember about duō:
+
+**Adjectival verbs are one type of STATE verb. See BIO, Unit 6.
+
+a.  Adjectival verbs are sometimes used before a noun to modify it (e.g., xīn zhuōzi, “new table"; dà fángzi, “big house"). However, when duō is used in this way, it must be modified, for example, by hěn or tài.
+
+Tā mǎile hěn duō dōngxi.
+
+他買了很多東西。
+
+He bought a lot of things.
+
+Běijīng jiēshang yǒu hěn duō cèsuǒ.
+
+比較街上有很多厠所。
+
+There are many toilets on the streets of Běijīng.
+
+b.  Much more often, however, duō is used as the main verb of a sentence.
+
+Nǐde shū zhēn duō!
+
+你的書很多。
+
+You really have a lot of books!
+
+Jīntiān jiēshangde rén hěn duō.
+
+今天的街上的人很多。
+
+There are a lot of people out today, (literally, “on the streets today")
+
+[16]
+
+c.  Often it does not occur to students to use duō as the main verb of a sentence because in English they do not usually say “The students are many.” They would say “There are many students,” with “many” as an adjective preceding “students.” Compare:
+
+Zhèrde rén hěn duō.
+
+這兒的人很多。
+
+(There are a lot of people here.)
+
+Láide rén hěn duō.
+
+來的人很多。
+
+(A lot of people came.)
+
+NOTE: Shǎo, “to be few,” is used in almost the same ways as duō. (See Notes on Additional Required Vocabulary.)
+
+3. A: Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?
+
+每隔多少時候有一班車。
+
+How much time is there between buses?
+
+B: Měi gé èrshifēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.
+
+每隔二十分鐘有一班。
+
+There’s one every twenty minutes.
+
+Notes on No. 3
+
+Měi- is the word for “each,” “every."
+
+Gé is a verb meaning “to separate,” “to divide.” It is used for intervals of time between regularly occurring events (e.g., “every half hour"). In exchange 3, gé refers to the length of time between buses.
+
+měi    gé                      duōshao     shíhou
+
+每      隔                       多少         時候
+
+(every  divide-off [interval]   how much    time)    “(every) how often”
+
+The first sentence could also be translated as “How often is there a bus?” or “How often do the buses run?"
+
+Yìbān chē: The counter -bān is used for scheduled trips, or runs, of a vehicle. Yìbān chē is one bus run.
+
+Èrshifēn zhōng: The counter -fēn, for minutes, is usually followed by zhōng, “clock.” (Zhōng means “o’clock” in telling time.) “One minute” is yìfēn zhōng.
+
+[17]
+
+Měi      gé          èrshifēn zhōng   yǒu         yìbān       chē.
+
+每       隔           二十分鐘          有           一班         車。
+
+(each   interval    twenty minutes   there is    one [run]   bus)
+
+“There’s a bus every twenty minutes.”
+
+4. C: Wǒ měige Xīngqīliù dōu qù kàn diànyǐng.
+
+我每個星期六都去看電影。
+
+I go to see a movie every Saturday.
+
+Notes on No. 4
+
+Měige: When used with a noun, měi- acts as a specifier and must be followed by a counter or a noun that does not require a counter.
+
+měi(ge) rěn
+
+每(個)人
+
+every person
+
+měizhāng zhuōzi
+
+每個桌子
+
+every table
+
+měitiān
+
+每天
+
+every day
+
+Dōu, “all”: Here the adverb dōu implies “each and every,” or “without exception”—“every Saturday, without exception.” When the subject of a sentence is specified by měi-, the following verb is usually modified by the adverb dōu.
+
+5. A: Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
+
+最後一班車是幾點鐘？
+
+What time is the last bus?
+
+B: Shíyīdiǎn shífēn.
+
+十一點十分。
+
+Eleven-ten.
+
+Note on No. 5
+
+Zuìhòu yìbān chē: Zuì is the word for “most,” or “-est.” Zuìhòu means “latest,” or “last.” Note the order in which the elements of this phrase appear:
+
+zuìhòu    yì    -ban    chē
+
+最後       一     班      車
+
+(last     one   run     bus)
+
+“the last bus”
+
+Both the number and the counter are required in this phrase.
+
+[18]
+
+Compare:
+
+tóu     yì   -ban   chē
+
+頭      一     班     車
+
+“the first bus”
+
+xià     yì   -ban   chē
+
+下      一     班     車
+
+“the next bus”
+
+shàng   yì   -ban   chē
+
+上      一     班     車
+
+“the last (previous) bus”
+
+(See Note on No. 8 and Notes on Additional Required Vocabulary for xià-, “next”; shàng-, “last,” “previous"; and tóu-, “first.")
+
+6. D: Zhèbān chē shì bu shi qù Xīméndīng?
+
+這班車是不是去西門町？
+
+Does this bus go to Xīméndīng?
+
+E: Shì. Shàng chē ba!
+
+是。上車吧！
+
+Yes, Get on!
+
+Notes on No. 6
+
+Shì bu shi qù, “does it go to”:* The use of shì bu shi qù rather than qù bu qu in this sentence implies that the speaker has an idea that the bus does go to Xīméndīng and wants to make sure. (Zhèbān chē qù bu qu Xīméndīng? would also be correct.)
+
+*For a discussion of the use of shì bu shi before another verb to form a question, see MON, Unit 5, notes on No. 8.
+
+Qù Xīméndīng, “go to Xīméndīng": The destination directly follows the main verb qù. You now know two ways to indicate destination:
+
+Wo dào Xīméndīng qù.
+
+我到西門町去。
+
+I am going to Xīméndīng.
+
+Wo qù Xīméndīng.
+
+我去西門町。
+
+The two forms are equally widely used.
+
+Shàng chē: This verb has several meanings. In the Directions Module, the meaning was “to go up” in Shàng lóu, yòubian jiù shi mài dìtúde. In this exchange, the meaning of shàng is “to get on/in [a vehicle]."
+
+[19]
+
+7. A: Dào Xīméndīngde shíhou, qǐng gàosong wǒ.
+
+到西門町的時候，請告誦我。
+
+When we get to Xīméndīng, please tell me.
+
+F: Hǎo.
+
+好。
+
+Okay.
+
+Note on No. 7
+
+Dào Xīméndīngde shíhou means “when we arrive in Xīméndīng.” If yǒu want to say, in Chinese, “when [something happens],” add -de shíhou to the phrase which names the happening.
+
+In English, “when” can mean either “during the same time” (e.g., “when I was a student") or “immediately after” (e.g., “when the light turns green"). In Chinese, however, two different expressions are used for the two meanings: -de shíhou for “at the same time” and yǐhou for “immediately after.”
+
+Wǒ zài Xiānggǎngde shíhou hěn xǐhuan qù kàn diànyǐng.
+
+我在香港的時候很喜歡去看電影。
+
+When [i.e., while] I was in Hong Kong, I liked to go to the movies very much.
+
+Wǒ dàole Táiběi yīhòu, mǎile hěn duō Zhōngwén shū.
+
+我到了臺北以後，買了很多中文書。
+
+When [i.e., after] I got to Taipei, I bought a lot of Chinese books.
+
+8. A: Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Xīméndīng?
+
+還有幾站到西門町？
+
+How many more stops are there to (before) Xīméndīng?
+
+F: Xià yízhàn jiù shi Xīměndīng.
+
+下一站就是西門町。
+
+The next stop is Xīméndīng.
+
+Note on No. 8
+
+Xià yízhàn: Here xià means “the next.” It is a specifier. Xià is usually followed by a numeral or a counter, as in the following examples:
+
+xiàge yuè
+
+下個月
+
+next month
+
+xià yíbān chē
+
+下一班車
+
+the next bus
+
+The phrase xià yízhàn contains no counter because -zhàn, like -nián and -tiān, is not used with a counter.
+
+[20]
+
+9. shàng-
+
+上
+
+last, previous (something)
+
+10. tóu-
+
+頭
+
+first (something)
+
+11. gàosu
+
+告訴
+
+to tell (alternate pronunciation)
+
+12. shǎo
+
+少
+
+to be few
+
+13. xià chē
+
+下車
+
+to get off the bus; “Out, please.”
+
+14. yǒu(de) shíhou
+
+有的時候
+
+sometimes
+
+15. chéng
+
+城
+
+city
+
+Notes on Additional Required Vocabulary
+
+The specifier shàng-, “last,” “previous,” is used in the same patterns as xià-.
+
+shàngge yuè
+
+上個月
+
+last month
+
+shàng yìbān chē
+
+上一班車
+
+the previous bus
+
+Tóu-, “first,” literally “head": Let’s contrast dì- and tóu-: Dì- has no meaning of its own. Its function is to make a cardinal number into an ordinal number: for example, sān, “three,” becomes dìsān, “third,” as in dìsānge mén, “the third door.” Tóu- has a meaning of its own: “first,” as in tóusānge men, “the first three doors.”
+
+Tóu- is always followed by at least a number plus a counter (or a noun that does not require a counter).
+
+tóuliǎngge rén
+
+頭兩個人
+
+the first two people
+
+tóusānběn
+
+頭三本
+
+the first three volumes
+
+tóusìtiān
+
+頭四天
+
+the first four days
+
+Notice that tóuliāngge, “the first two,” and dìèrge, “the second one,” must use different words for “two,” because
+
+tóuliāngge
+
+頭兩個
+
+(COUNTING)
+
+dìèrge
+
+第二個
+
+(NOT COUNTING)
+
+Tóuyige， “the first one,” and dìyīge, “the first one,” are similar in meaning and often interchangeable.
+
+Gàosu, “to tell”: Gaosong is the usual colloquial pronunciation in Běijīng speech. Gàosu is the usual colloquial pronunciation in many other places in China, including Taiwan. The fact that, in a Taipei setting, the first speaker in exchange 7 uses gàosong tells yǒu that he is almost certainly not a native of Taiwan.
+
+Shǎo, “to be few”: Most of the comments about duō in these Reference Notes (exchange 2) also apply to the adjectival verb shǎo. Most frequently shǎo is used as the main verb of a sentence.
+
+Wǒde qián bù shǎo.
+
+我的錢不少。
+
+I have quite a bit of money.
+
+Zài Táiwān méiyou gōngzuòde rén hěn shǎo.
+
+在臺灣沒有工作的人很少。
+
+There are few people in Taiwan who do not have Jobs.
+
+[21]
+
+One point deserves special attention: Although you may say hěn duō shū for “a lot of books,” you may not say hěn shǎo shū. Hěn shǎo can rarely modify a noun which follows—and neither can tài shǎo, zhēn shǎo, and related expressions.
+
+Xià chē, “to get off [a vehicle],” may be used to signal that you wish to get off—that this is your stop. The expression would be translated as “Out, please,” or “Getting off, getting off,” used by passengers in crowded buses and elevators.
+
+Yǒu(de) shíhou, “sometimes,” precedes the verb of a sentence, as other time expressions do.
+
+Tā yǒude shíhou kàn Yīngwén bào.
+
+他有的時候看英文報。
+
+He sometimes reads English newspapers.
+
+Wǒ yǒu shíhou zuò Shíbālù chē.
+
+我有時候坐十八路車。
+
+Sometimes I take the Number 18 bus.
+
+Originally, chéng meant “city wall.” This early meaning still affects modern usage: you must say “going INto the city,” not just “to the city.”
+
+Tā jīntiān dào chénglǐtou qù.
+
+他今天到城裏頭去。
+
+He is going to the city today.
+
+[22]
+
+VOCABULARY BOOSTER
+
+Modes of Transportation
+
+bicycle
+
+[Běijīng]
+
+zìxíngchē
+
+自行車
+
+[Taiwan]
+
+jiǎotàchē
+
+脚踏車
+
+boat
+
+chuán
+
+船
+
+motorboat
+
+qìtǐng
+
+汽艇
+
+rowboat
+
+huátǐng
+
+划艇
+
+sailboat
+
+fānchuán
+
+帆船
+
+sampan
+
+shānbǎn
+
+舢舨
+
+bus
+
+gōnggòng qìchē
+
+公共汽車
+
+coach (long-distance)
+
+chángtú qìchē
+
+長途汽車
+
+car (automobile)
+
+qìchē
+
+汽車
+
+chēzi
+
+車子
+
+chē
+
+車
+
+helicopter
+
+zhíshēngfēijī
+
+直升飛機
+
+horseback riding
+
+qí mǎ
+
+騎馬
+
+jeep
+
+jípǔchē
+
+吉普車
+
+motorcycle
+
+mótuōchē
+
+摩托車
+
+plane
+
+fēijī
+
+飛機
+
+jet
+
+[PRC]
+
+pēnqìshì fēijī
+
+噴氣式飛機
+
+[PRC]
+
+pēnqìjī
+
+噴氣機
+
+[Taiwan]
+
+pēnshèshì fēijī
+
+噴射式飛機
+
+[Taiwan]
+
+pēnshèjī
+
+噴射機
+
+subway
+
+dìxiàtiě
+
+地下鐵
+
+dìtiě
+
+地鐵
+
+dìxià huǒchē
+
+地下火車
+
+taxi
+
+[PRC]
+
+chūzū qìchē
+
+出租汽車
+
+[PRC]
+
+chūzū chē
+
+出租車
+
+[Taiwan]
+
+jìchéngchē
+
+計程車
+
+train
+
+huǒchē
+
+火車
+
+trolley
+
+diànchē
+
+電車
+
+truck
+
+kǎchē
+
+卡車
+
+walking
+
+zǒu lù
+
+走路
+
+[23]
+
+DRILLS
+
+A. Expansion Drill
+
+
+1. Speaker: Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē?
+
+到西門町去，坐幾路車？
+
+(What bus do you take to get to Xīméndīng?)
+
+(cue) hasn’t yet
+
+You： Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē, tā hái méi gàosu wo.
+
+到西門町去，坐幾路車，他還沒告訴我。
+
+(He hasn’t yet told me what bus to take to get to Xīméndīng.)
+
+2. Dào Wǔguānchù qù, zuò jǐlù chē?
+
+到武官処去，坐幾路車？
+
+has already
+
+Dào Wǔguānchù qù, zuò jǐlù chē, tā yǐjīng gàosu wo le.
+
+到武官処去，坐幾路車，他已經告訴我了。
+
+3. Dào Nánjīng Lù qù, zuò jǐlù chē?
+
+到南京路去，坐幾路車？
+
+did not
+
+Dào Nánjīng Lù qù, zuò jǐlù chē, tā méi gàosu wo.
+
+到南京路去，坐幾路車，他沒告訴我。
+
+4. Dào Zhōngshān Lù qù, zuò jǐlù chē?
+
+到中山路去，坐幾路車？
+
+hasn’t yet
+
+Dào Zhōngshān Lù qù, zuò jǐlù chē, tā hai méi gàosu wo.
+
+到中山路去，坐幾路車，他還沒告訴我。
+
+5. Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē?
+
+到西門町去，坐幾路車？
+
+has already
+
+Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē, tā yǐjīng gàosu wo le.
+
+到西門町去，坐幾路車，他已經告訴我了。
+
+6. Dào tā jiā qù, zuò jǐlù chē?
+
+到他家去，坐幾路車？
+
+hasn’t yet
+
+Dào tā jiā qù, zuò jǐlù chē, tā hái méi gàosu wo.
+
+到他家去，坐幾路車，他還沒告訴我。
+
+7. Dào càishichǎng qù, zuò jǐlù chē?
+
+到菜市場去，坐幾路車？
+
+did not
+
+Dào càishichǎng qù, zuò jǐlù chē, tā méi gàosu wo.
+
+到菜市場去，坐幾路車，他沒告訴我。
+
+B.
+
+Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker： Zuò Shíbālù chē.
+
+坐十八路車。
+
+(Take the Number 18 bus.)
+
+You： Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Shíbālù chē, kéyi bu keyi?
+
+請你告訴我，坐十八路車，可以不可以？
+
+(Please tell me, would it be all right to take the Number 18 bus?)
+
+2. Zuò Yílù chē.
+
+坐一路車。
+
+Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Yílù chē, kéyi bu keyi?
+
+請你告訴我，坐一路車，可以不可以？
+
+3. Zuò Shílù chē.
+
+坐十路車。
+
+Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Shílù chē, kéyi bu keyi?
+
+請你告訴我，坐十路車，可以不可以？
+
+4. Zuò Liùlù chē.
+
+坐六路車。
+
+Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Liùlù chē, kéyi bu keyi?
+
+請你告訴我，坐六路車，可以不可以？
+
+5. Zuò Wǔlù chē.
+
+坐五路車。
+
+Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Wǔlù chē, kéyi bu keyi?
+
+請你告訴我，坐五路車，可以不可以？
+
+[24]
+
+6. Zuò Qílù chē.
+
+坐七路車。
+
+Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Qílù chē, kéyi bu keyi?
+
+請你告訴我，坐七路車，可以不可以？
+
+7. Zuò Shíèrlù chē.
+
+坐十二路車。
+
+Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Shíèrlù chē, kéyi bu keyi?
+
+請你告訴我，坐十二路車，可以不可以？
+
+C. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?
+
+每隔多少時候有一班車？
+
+(How often is there a bus?)
+
+(cue) èrshifēn zhōng
+
+二十分鐘
+
+You: Měi gé èrshifēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē.
+
+每隔二十分鐘有一班車。
+
+(There’s a bus every twenty minutes.)
+
+2. Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?
+
+每隔多少時候有一班車？
+
+shífēn zhōng
+
+十分鐘
+
+Měi gé shífēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē.
+
+每隔十分鐘有一班車。
+
+3. Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?
+
+每隔多少時候有一班車？
+
+wǔfēn zhōng
+
+五分鐘
+
+Měi gé wǔfēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē.
+
+每隔五分鐘有一班車。
+
+4. Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?
+
+每隔多少時候有一班車？
+
+bāfēn zhōng
+
+八分鐘
+
+Měi gé bāfēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē.
+
+每隔八分鐘有一班車。
+
+5. Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?
+
+每隔多少時候有一班車？
+
+èrshifēn zhōng
+
+二十分鐘
+
+Měi gé èrshifēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē.
+
+每隔二十分鐘有一班車。
+
+6. Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?
+
+每隔多少時候有一班車？
+
+shíwǔfēn zhōng
+
+十五分鐘
+
+Měi gé shíwǔfēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē.
+
+每隔十五分鐘有一班車。
+
+7. Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?
+
+每隔多少時候有一班車？
+
+shíèrfēn zhōng
+
+十二分鐘
+
+Měi gé shíèrfēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē.
+
+每隔十二分鐘有一班車。
+
+[25]
+
+D.  Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Shíbālù chē duo bu duo?
+
+十八路車多不多？
+
+(Are there many Number 18 buses?)
+
+(cue) èrshifēn zhōng
+
+二十分鐘
+
+You: Bù shǎo. Měi gé èrshifēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.
+
+不少。每個二十分鐘有一班。
+
+(Quite a few. There’s one every twenty minutes.)
+
+2. Yílù chē duō bu duo?
+
+一路車多不多？
+
+wǔfēn zhōng
+
+五分鐘
+
+Bù shǎo. Měi gé wǔfēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.
+
+不少。每個五分鐘有一班。
+
+3. Dào Táinán qùde chē duō bu duo?
+
+到臺南去的車多不多？
+
+wǔshifēn zhōng
+
+五十分鐘
+
+Bù shǎo. Měi gé wǔshifēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.
+
+不少。每個五十分鐘有一班。
+
+4. Dào Jīlóng qùde chē duō bu duo?
+
+到基隆車多不多？
+
+sìshifēn zhōng
+
+四十分鐘
+
+Bù shǎo. Měi gé sìshifēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.
+
+不少。每個四十分鐘有一班。
+
+5. Shílù chē duō bu duo?
+
+十五車多不多？
+
+shífēn zhōng
+
+十分鐘
+
+Bù shǎo. Měi gé shífēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.
+
+不少。每個十分鐘有一班。
+
+6. Sānlù chē duo bu duo?
+
+三路車多不多？
+
+èrshiwǔfēn zhōng
+
+二十五分鐘
+
+Bù shǎo. Měi gé èrshiwǔfēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.
+
+不少。每個二十五分鐘有一班。
+
+7. Èrlù chē duō bu duo?
+
+二路車多不多？
+
+shíwǔfēn zhōng
+
+十五分鐘
+
+Bù shǎo. Měi gé shíwǔfēn zhōng you yìbān.
+
+不少。每個十五分鐘有一班。
+
+E.  Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
+
+那班車是幾點鐘。
+
+(What time is that bus?)
+
+(cue) Táizhōng
+
+臺中
+
+You: Qǐngwèn, dào Táizhōng qùde nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
+
+請問，到臺中去的那班車是幾點鐘。
+
+(May I ask, what time is that bus to Taizhong?)
+
+2. Nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
+
+那班車是幾點鐘、
+
+Táinán
+
+臺南
+
+Qǐngwèn, dào Táinán qùde nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
+
+請問，到臺南去的那班車是幾點鐘。
+
+3. Nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
+
+那班車是幾點鐘
+
+Jīlōng
+
+基隆
+
+Qǐngwèn, dào Jīlōng qùde nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhong?
+
+請問，到基隆去的那班車是幾點鐘。
+
+4. Nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
+
+那班車是幾點鐘
+
+Jiāyì
+
+嘉義
+
+Qǐngwèn, dào Jiāyì qùde nèiban chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
+
+請問，到嘉義去的那班車是幾點鐘。
+
+5. Nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
+
+那班車是幾點鐘
+
+Táiběi
+
+臺北
+
+Qǐngwèn, dào Táiběi qùde nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
+
+請問，到臺北去的那班車是幾點鐘。
+
+6. Nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
+
+那班車是幾點鐘
+
+Huālián
+
+花蓮
+
+Qǐngwèn, dào Huālián qùde nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
+
+請問，到花蓮去的那班車是幾點鐘。
+
+[26]
+
+7. Nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
+
+那班車是幾點鐘？
+
+Gāoxióng
+
+高雄
+
+Qǐngwèn, dào Gāoxióng qùde nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
+
+請問，到高雄去的那班車是幾點鐘。
+
+F.  Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Zhè shì bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē?
+
+這是不是最後一班車？
+
+(Is this the last bus?)
+
+(cue) 11:10
+
+You: Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíyīdiǎn shífēn.
+
+不是。最後一班車是十一點十分。
+
+(No. The last bus is at 11:10.)
+
+2. Zhè shì bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē?
+
+這是不是最後一班車？
+
+11:30
+
+Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíyīdiǎn ban.
+
+不是。最後一班車是十一點半。
+
+3. Zhè shì bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē?
+
+這是不是最後一班車？
+
+12:00
+
+Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíèrdiǎn.
+
+不是。最後一班車是十二點。
+
+4. Zhè shì bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē?
+
+這是不是最後一班車？
+
+11:40
+
+Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíyīdiǎn sìshifēn.
+
+不是。最後一班車是十一點四十分。
+
+5. Zhè shì bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē?
+
+這是不是最後一班車？
+
+12:10
+
+Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíèrdiǎn shífēn.
+
+不是。最後一班車是十二點十分。
+
+6. Zhè shì bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē?
+
+這是不是最後一班車？
+
+11:00
+
+Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíyīdiǎn.
+
+不是。最後一班車是十一點。
+
+7. Zhè shì bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē?
+
+這是不是最後一班車？
+
+10:50
+
+Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shídiǎn wúshifēn.
+
+不是。最後一班車是十點五十分。
+
+G.  Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Zhèibān chē dào Xīméndīng qù ma?
+
+這班車到西門町去嗎？
+
+(Does this bus go to Xīméndīng?)
+
+You: Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Xīméndīng?
+
+ 這班車是不是去西門町？
+
+(Does this bus go to Xīméndīng?)
+
+2. Zhèibān chē dào Zhōngshān Běilù qù ma?
+
+這班車到中山北路去嗎？
+
+Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Zhōngshān Běilù?
+
+這班車是不是去中山北路？
+
+3. Zhèibān chē dào Zhōnghuá Lù qù ma?
+
+這班車到中華路去嗎？
+
+Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Zhōnghuā Lù?
+
+這班車是不是去中華路？
+
+4. Zhèibān chē dào Zìyóu Lù qù ma?
+
+這班車到自由路去嗎？
+
+Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Zìyóu Lù?
+
+這班車是不是去自由路？
+
+[27]
+
+5. Zhèibān chē dào Rén'ài Lù qù ma?
+
+這班車到仁愛路去嗎？
+
+Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Rén'ài Lù?
+
+這班車是不是去仁愛路？
+
+6. Zhèibān chē dào Nánjīng Dōnglù qù ma?
+
+這班車到南京東路去嗎？
+
+Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Nánjīng Dōnglù?
+
+這班車是不是去南京東路？
+
+7. Zhèibān chē dào Hépíng Xīlù qù ma?
+
+這班車到和平西路去嗎？
+
+Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Hépíng Xīlù?
+
+這班車是不是去和平西路？
+
+H.  Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Tā xià chē le.
+
+他下車了。
+
+(He got off the bus.)
+
+(cue) Xīméndīng
+
+You: Tā shì zài Xīméndīng xiàde chē
+
+他是在西門町下的車。
+
+(He got off the bus at Xīméndīng.)
+
+OR Tā xià chē.
+
+他下車。
+
+(He is getting off the bus.)
+
+(cue) Xīméndīng
+
+Tā zài Xīméndīng xià chē.
+
+他在西門町下車。
+
+(He is getting off the bus at Xīméndīng.)
+
+2. Tā shàng chē le.
+
+他上車了。
+
+Zhōngshān Běilù
+
+中山北路
+
+Tā shì zài Zhōngshān Běilù shàngde chē.
+
+他是在中山北路上的車。
+
+3. Tā shàng chē.
+
+他上車。
+
+Hépíng Dōnglù
+
+和平東路
+
+Tǎ zài Hépíng Dōnglù shàng chē.
+
+他在和平東路上車。
+
+4. Tā xià chē le.
+
+他下車了。
+
+Mínshēng Lù
+
+民生路
+
+Tā shì zài Mínshēng Lù xiàde chē.
+
+他是在民生路下的車。
+
+5. Tā shàng chē le.
+
+他上車了。
+
+Rén'ài Lù
+
+仁愛路
+
+Tā shì zài Rén'ài Lù shàngde chē.
+
+他是在仁愛路上的車。
+
+6. Tā xià chē.
+
+他下車。
+
+Zhōnghuá Lù
+
+中華路
+
+Tā zài Zhōnghuá Lù xià chē.
+
+他在中華路下車。
+
+I. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Dào Xīméndīng qǐng gàosu wo.
+
+到西門町請告訴我。
+
+(When we GET TO Xīméndīng, please tell me.)
+
+(cue) shíhou
+
+時候
+
+You: Dào Xīméndīngde shíhou qǐng gàosu wo.
+
+到西門町時候請訴我。
+
+(When we get to XIMENDING, please tell me.)
+
+2. Dào Zhōngshān Běilù qǐng gàosu wo.
+
+到中山北路請告訴我。
+
+yǐqián
+
+以前
+
+Dào Zhōngshān Běilù yǐqián qǐng gàosu wo.
+
+到中山北路以前請告訴我。
+
+3. Dào Nánjīng Dōnglù qǐng gàosu wo.
+
+到南京東路請告訴我。
+
+shíhou
+
+時候
+
+Dào Nánjīng Dōnglùde shíhou qǐng gàosu wo.
+
+到南京東路時候請告訴我。
+
+[28]
+
+4. Dào Rén'ài Lù qǐng gàosu wo.
+
+到仁愛請告訴我。
+
+yǐqián
+
+以前
+
+Dào Rén'ài Lù yiqián qǐng gàosu wo.
+
+到仁愛以前請告訴我。
+
+5. Dào Mínquán Lù qǐng gàosu wo.
+
+到民權路請告訴我。
+
+shíhou
+
+時候
+
+Dào Mínquán Lùde shíhou qǐng gàosu wo.
+
+到民權路時候請告訴我
+
+6. Dào Hépíng Xīlù qǐng gàosu wo.
+
+到和平西路告訴我。
+
+yǐqián
+
+以前
+
+Dào Hépíng Xīlù yǐqián qǐng gàosu wo.
+
+到和平西路以前請告訴我。
+
+7. Dào Zìyóu Lù qǐng gàosu wo.
+
+到自由路請告訴我。
+
+shíhou
+
+時候
+
+Dào Zìyóu Lùde shíhou qǐng gàosu wo.
+
+到自由路時候請告訴我。
+
+J. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Xīméndīng?
+
+還有幾站到西門町？
+
+(How many more stops are there to [before] Xīméndīng?)
+
+(cue) xià
+
+下
+
+You: Xià yízhàn jiù shi Xīméndīng.
+
+下一站就是西門町。
+
+(The next stop is Xīméndīng.)
+
+OR Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Xīméndīng?
+
+還有幾站到西門町？
+
+(How many more stops are there to [before] Xīméndīng?)
+
+(cue) 3
+
+Hái yǒu sānzhàn jiù shi Xīméndīng.
+
+還有三站就是西門町。
+
+(Three more stops, and that's Xīméndīng.)
+
+2. Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Zhonghuá Lù?
+
+還有幾站到中華路？
+
+xià
+
+下
+
+Xià yízhàn jiù shi Zhōnghuá Lù.
+
+下一站就是中華路。
+
+3. Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Nánjīng Dōnglù?
+
+還有幾站到南京東路？
+
+2
+
+Hái yǒu liǎngzhàn jiù shi Nánjīng Dōnglù.
+
+還有兩站就是南京東路。
+
+4. Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Xīnshēng Nánlù?
+
+還有幾站到新生南路？
+
+xià
+
+下
+
+Xià yízhàn jiù shi Xīnshēng Nánlù.
+
+下一站就是新生南路。
+
+5. Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Zìyóu Lù?
+
+還有幾站到自由路？
+
+2
+
+Hái yǒu liǎngzhàn jiù shi Zìyóu Lù.
+
+還有兩站就是自由路。
+
+6. Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Mínshēng Lù?
+
+還有幾站到民生路？
+
+xià
+
+下
+
+Xià yízhàn jiù shi Mínshēng Lù.
+
+下一站就是民生路。
+
+[29]
+
+K. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Tā dào Zhōngguo qù.
+
+他到中國去。
+
+(He goes to China.)
+
+(cue) nián
+
+年
+
+You: Tā měinián dōu dào Zhōngguo qù.
+
+他每年都到中國去。
+
+(He goes to China every year.)
+
+2. Tā kàn Zhōngguo diànyīng.
+
+他看中國電影。
+
+月
+
+yuè
+
+Tā měige yuè dōu kàn Zhōngguo diànyǐng.
+
+他每個月都看中國電影。
+
+3. Tā dào Niǔ Yuē qù.
+
+他到紐約去。
+
+xīngqī
+
+星期
+
+Tā měige xīngqī dōu dào Niǔ Yuē qù.
+
+他每星期都到紐約去。
+
+4. Tā dào xuéxiào lái.
+
+他到學校來。
+
+tiān
+
+天
+
+Tā měitiān dōu dào xuéxiào lái.
+
+他每天都到學校來。
+
+5. Tā mǎi Yīngwén zázhì.
+
+他買英文雜志。
+
+Xīngqīwǔ
+
+星期五
+
+Tā měige Xīngqīwǔ dōu mǎi Yīngwén zázhì.
+
+他每個星期五到都買英文雜志。
+
+6. Tā dào càishichǎng qù.
+
+他到菜市場去。
+
+tiān
+
+天
+
+Tā měitiān dōu dào càishichǎng qù.
+
+他每天都到菜市場去。
+
+7. Tā kàn bào.
+
+他看報。
+
+tiān
+
+天
+
+Tā měitiān dōu kàn bào.
+
+他每天都看報。
+
+[30]
+
+UNIT 2
+
+REFERENCE LIST
+
+(in Běijīng)
+
+1. A: Dào zhǎnlǎnguǎn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到展覽館有沒有直達車？
+
+Is there a direct bus to the exhibition hall?
+
+B: Méiyou.
+
+沒有
+
+No.
+
+2. A: Dào nàr qù, zuò jǐlù chē ya?
+
+到那兒去，坐幾路車呀？
+
+What bus do you take to get there?
+
+B:  Zuò Yīlù chē.
+
+坐一路車。
+
+Take the Number 1 bus.
+
+3. B: Zuò dao Xīdān huàn chē.
+
+坐到西單換車。
+
+Take it to Xīdān and change buses.
+
+4. A: Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？
+
+Where do we buy tickets?
+
+B:  Zài chēshang mǎi piào.
+
+在車上買票。
+
+We buy tickets on the bus.
+
+5. B: Hǎo, xiànzài zǒu ba!
+
+好，現在走吧！
+
+Okay, let’s go now!
+
+6. A: Èi! Zánmen bú shi zuòguò zhàn le ba?
+
+誒！咱們不是坐過站了吧？
+
+Hey! Haven’t we gone past our stop?
+
+B: Hái méi ne. Xià yízhàn cǎi xià chē.
+
+還沒呢。下一站才下車，
+
+Not yet. We don’t get off until the next stop.
+
+7. *C: Láojià, Shíwǔlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?
+
+勞駕，十五路汽車站在哪兒？
+
+Excuse me, where is the Number 15 bus stop?
+
+D: Jiù zài nèige lùkǒurshang.
+
+就在那個路口上。
+
+It’s (just) on that corner.
+
+*This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only.
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+8. gōnggòng qìchē
+
+公共汽車
+
+public bus (local)
+
+9.  -li
+
+裏
+
+in (locational ending)
+
+10. -shang
+
+上
+
+on
+
+11. shàng bān
+
+上班
+
+to start work, to go to work
+
+12. xià bān
+
+下班
+
+to get off from work, to leave work
+
+[31]
+
+VOCABULARY
+
+ba
+
+吧
+
+(tone softener)
+
+cái
+
+才
+
+then and only then, not until
+
+gōnggòng qìchē
+
+公共汽車
+
+public bus (local)
+
+-li
+
+裏
+
+in (locational ending)
+
+piào (yìzhang)
+
+票 (一張)
+
+ticket, coupon
+
+汽車站
+
+qìchēzhàn
+
+bus stop
+
+-shang
+
+上
+
+on (locational ending)
+
+shàng bān
+
+上班
+
+to go to work, to start work
+
+xià bān
+
+下班
+
+to get off from work, to leave work
+
+Xīdān
+
+西單
+
+(a district in Běijīng)
+
+zánmen
+
+咱們
+
+we (specifically includes the listener)
+
+zhǎnlǎnguǎn
+
+展覽館
+
+exhibition hall
+
+zhídáchē
+
+直達車
+
+direct bus, nonstop bus
+
+zuò dao
+
+坐到
+
+to ride to
+
+zuòguò
+
+坐過
+
+to ride past
+
+(introduced, on C-2 and. P-2 tapes)
+
+Āndìngmén
+
+安定門
+
+(a neighborhood in Běijīng)
+
+bǐjiǎo
+
+比較
+
+comparatively, relatively
+
+dòngwuyuán
+
+動物園
+
+zoo
+
+liǎngcì
+
+兩次
+
+two times, twice
+
+Xiǎo (name)
+
+小
+
+Little (name) [familiar form of name among friends]
+
+xióngmāo
+
+熊貓
+
+panda
+
+zhǎnlǎn
+
+展覽
+
+to exhibit
+
+zhèicì
+
+這次
+
+this time
+
+[32]
+
+REFERENCE NOTES
+
+1. A: Dào zhǎnlǎnguǎn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到展覽館有沒有直達車？
+
+Is there a direct bus to the exhibition hall?
+
+B: Méiyou.
+
+沒有
+
+No.
+
+Notes on No. 1
+
+Dào zhanlǎnguǎn is the topic of the first sentence in exchange 1.
+
+Zhídáchē refers to a city bus in exchange 1, although the word is more properly used to refer to buses between cities.
+
+Changed tones: You have now learned several three-syllable words in which the middle syllable changes tone in normal fast speech. These words and the changes you hear are
+
+Jiānádà
+
+Jiānādà
+
+加拿大
+
+Xīméndīng
+
+Xīmēndīng
+
+西門町
+
+zhǎnlǎnguǎn
+
+zhánlánguǎn
+
+zhanlǎnguǎn
+
+展覽館
+
+zhídáchē
+
+zhídáchē
+
+直達車
+
+(For further discussion of this type of tone change, see Tone Changes in the P&R Summary.)
+
+2. A: Dào nàr qù, zuò jǐlù chē ya?
+
+到那兒去，坐幾路車呀？
+
+What bus do you take to get there?
+
+B:  Zuò Yīlù chē.
+
+坐一路車。
+
+Note on No. 2
+
+Ya is a variant form of the marker a. If the word directly preceding the a ends in a vowel, the semivowel y or w may be inserted; the marker is then pronounced ya or wa. If the word directly preceding a ends in a consonant, that sound is carried forward as the initial sound of the marker: /(consonant sound)a/
+
+Nǐ shi nǎrde rén /n/a?
+
+你是哪兒的人哪？
+
+Nǐ xìng Wáng /ng/a?
+
+你是哪兒的人哪？
+
+Nǐ hǎo /w/a?
+
+你好哇？
+
+Tā zhēn kuài /y/a!
+
+他真快呀！
+
+[33]
+
+3. B: Zuò dao Xīdān huàn chē.
+
+坐到西單換車。
+
+Take it to Xīdān and change buses.
+
+Notes on No. 3
+
+Zuò dao Xīdān: In earlier exchanges, phrases consisting of dào and a place word were placed before the main verb in a sentence. In this exchange, you see that dào + place word can also be placed after the main verb. Dào is toneless when it follows the verb of a sentence.
+
+Huàn is used in exchange 3 for “changing” from one bus to another. It was used in earlier modules for “changing” from one currency to another.
+
+4. A: Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？
+
+Where do we buy tickets?
+
+B: Zài chēshang mǎi piào.
+
+在車上買票。
+
+We buy tickets on the bus.
+
+Notes on No. 4
+
+Although spelled zánmen, this word is actually pronounced zámen, and in everyday conversation even as zám. Both wǒmen and zánmen are translated as “we.” Most speakers of Chinese outside Běijīng use only wǒmen.
+
+Many Chinese from Běijīng use the pronoun wǒmen only when the person being spoken to is not included in the “we.” To show that the person being spoken to IS included in the “we,” zánmen is used.
+
+For instance, if everyone in a room is Chinese, any one person could say to all of the others Zánmen dōu shi Zhòngguo ren, “All of us are Chinese.” If an American then entered the room, someone might say to him Wǒmen shi Zhòngguo rén, nǐ shi Měiguo rén, “We are Chinese, and you are American.”
+
+The phrase zài chēshang consists of the verb zài followed by the noun chē plus the locational ending -shang. Some verbs like zài must be followed by a place word or phrase (or by time words or phrases). But not all nouns which refer to things which occupy space can be used as place words. You must learn which words can function as place words and which cannot.
+
+Zhèr, nàr, relative location words (zuǒbianr, dōngbianr, wàibianr, etc.), and names of cities and countries may be used as place words. In general, nouns which refer to buildings, institutions, organizations, parks, and other specific locations may be used as place words. Nouns which refer to vehicles, people, books, furniture, and other things, that can be moved around are NOT considered place words. When a noun from this group is to be used in a phrase with zài, either a locational ending is added to the noun or the place word zhèr or nàr follows it.
+
+[34]
+
+Zài zhuōzishang yǒu hěn duō shū.
+
+在桌子上有很多書。
+
+There are many books on the table.
+
+Tā zài nèige zhuōzi nàr niàn shū.
+
+他在那個桌子哪兒念書。
+
+He studies at that table。
+
+Locational endings: -shang, “on”; -li, “in"; -wài, “outside”; and
+-xià, “under,” are locational endings.
+
+Tā zài lóuxià mǎi dōngxi.
+
+他在樓下買東西。
+
+He is buying things downstairs.
+
+Fàndiànli yǒu méiyou mài tángde?
+
+飯店裏有沒有賣糖的？
+
+Is there a place to buy candy in the hotel?
+
+You have learned three generally equivalent ways to form place expressions: noun + locational ending; noun followed by relative location word; noun + de followed by relative location word.
+
+Tā  zài mén-        -wài             děng    ni.
+Tā  zài mén          wài-    -bianr  děng    ni.
+Tā  zài mén -de      wài-    -bianr  děng    ni.
+
+5. B: Hǎo, xiànzài zǒu ba!
+
+好，現在走吧！
+
+Okay, let’s go now!
+
+Note on No. 5
+
+Ba: You have seen the marker ba used in different situations at the ends of sentences. In each case, however, its effect was to soften the impact of whatever the speaker was saying. Here is a summary of the uses you have seen:
+
+a. After a phrase which puts forth an opinion or guess, ba adds a questioning tone (BIO, Unit 2).
+
+Tā dàgài bù lái le ba?
+
+他大概不來了吧？
+
+He’s probably not coming after all, is he?
+
+Nǐ shi Wèi Shàoxiào ba?
+
+你是魏少校吧？
+
+You must be Major Weiss.
+
+b. After a statement which puts forth a course of action, ba softens the tone. Ba may be used at the end of a sentence with a meaning ranging anywhere from tentative and consulting to suggesting or advising to requesting or ordering. (The tone of ba sentences varies according to the person being spoken to, the speaker’s tone of voice, and other words, such as qǐng, “please,” in a sentence.) (MON, Unit 3)
+
+[35]
+
+Nǐ zǒu ba!
+
+你走吧！
+
+Leave! (ORDERING)
+
+Nǐ hǎohāor xiǎngxiang ba!
+
+你好好兒想想吧！
+
+You think it over carefully! (ADVISING)
+
+Qǐng ba!
+
+請吧！
+
+Please go ahead! (INVITING)
+
+Zánmen zǒu ba.
+
+咱們走吧。
+
+Let’s go. (SUGGESTING)
+
+Wǒ mǎi dàde ba.
+
+我買大的吧。
+
+I guess I’ll get the large one. (TENTATIVE AND CONSULTING)
+
+There is no single way to translate this use of ba. In the examples above, you can see that when the subject is “you,” ba goes untranslated; when the subject is “we,” ba is translated as “let’s"; and when the subject is “I,” ba is translated as “I guess.”
+
+6. A: Èi! Zánmen bú shi zuòguò zhàn le ba?
+
+誒！咱們不是坐過站了吧？
+
+Hey! Haven’t we gone past our stop?
+
+B: Hái méi ne. Xià yízhàn cǎi xià chē.
+
+還沒呢。下一站才下車，
+
+Not yet. We don’t get off until the next stop.
+
+Notes on No. 6
+
+Bú shi: Below are some examples of affirmative questions and their negative counterparts (using bú shi). Notice that in the two negative examples shi means something like “to be the case that....”
+
+Tā yǐjīng zǒu le ba?
+
+他已經走了吧。
+
+Has he already gone?
+
+Tā bú shi yǐjīng zǒu le ba?
+
+他不是已經走了吧？
+
+Hasn’t he already gone? (isn’t it the case that he has already gone?)
+
+Tā zhù zai Shànghǎi ma?
+
+她住在上海嗎？
+
+Does she live in Shànghǎi?
+
+Tā bú shi zhù zai Shànghǎi ma?
+
+她不是住在上海嗎？
+
+Doesn’t she live in Shànghǎi? (Isn’t it the case that she lives in Shànghǎi?)
+
+Zuòguò le: To the main verb zuò, “to ride,” “to take,” the ending -guò is added to indicate the result of the action—"going past/too far.” (The full verb guò means “to pass,” “to cross.") The ending -guò may also be added to the verb zǒu, “to go,” to indicate result.
+
+Òu, nǐ zhǎo Nánwèi Hútong! Nǐ zǒuguò le! Nǐ děi wàng huí zǒu.
+
+哦，你找南緯胡同！你坐過了！你得往回走。
+
+Oh, you are looking for Nánwèi Hútong. You have walked past it. You will have to go back.
+
+[36]
+
+Aspect marker ne: You have frequently seen an aspect marker used to
+indicate a CHANGE: completion le shows that an action or process has been
+carried out (Tā zǒu le, “He has left”); new situation le marks a change in
+the past, present, or future (Tāde dàyī pòle, “His coat is worn out”). In
+exchange 6, the aspect marker ne indicates the ABSENCE OF CHANGE. In
+this exchange, ne emphasizes that there has been no change in the situation.
+You may want to think of ne as the opposite of le.
+
+The marker ne is used with ACTION and STATE verbs.
+
+Tā xiànzài niàn shū ne.
+
+他現在念書呢。
+
+He is studying now.
+
+Tā zài zhèr ne.
+
+他在這兒呢。
+
+He's here.
+
+Zhèizhī bǐ hái kéyi xiě ne.
+
+這支筆還可以寫呢。
+
+This pen is still good (can still write).
+
+Hái, “still,” “yet”: When this adverb is used, the sentence very often ends with the marker ne.
+
+Míngtiān wǒ hái bù zǒu ne.
+
+明天我還沒走呢。
+
+I'm not leaving tomorrow (yet). (i.e., I'll still be here tomorrow.)
+
+Tā hái méi lái ne.
+
+他還沒來呢。
+
+He hasn't come yet.
+
+“Still” and “yet” may, however, be translated into Chinese with either hái or ne.
+
+Tā hái méi lái.
+
+她還沒來。
+
+Tā méi lái ne.
+
+她沒來呢。
+
+He hasn't come yet.
+
+Cái means “then and only then” or “not until then.” It is used to talk about something that has happened or will happen later than expected.
+
+Wǒmen míngtiān cái zǒu.
+
+我們明天才走。
+
+We don't leave until tomorrow.
+
+Sentences in which cái is used emphasize when something happened, rather than the fact that it happened. Therefore (shi)...-de, not le, is used to indicate completed action.
+
+Tā (shi) bādiǎn zhōng cái láide.
+
+他是八點鐘才來的。
+
+He didn't come until eight o'clock.
+
+Wǒ zuótiān cái dàode.
+
+我昨天才到的。
+
+I didn't arrive until yesterday.
+
+Notice that the shi in the shi...-de construction may be omitted. Also, cái is placed AFTER a time word or phrase and BEFORE the verb.
+
+You have learned three words for “then”: jiù, zài, cái. Jiù is used for action taking place earlier than expected. Cái and zài imply that something happens later than expected. Cái and jiù are used in descriptions of completed or future action. Zài is used mostly for plans, suggestions, and commands—in reference to future actions.
+
+Tā zuótiān jiù dào le.
+
+他昨天就到了。
+
+He arrived yesterday (already).
+
+Tā (shi) zuótiān cái láide.
+
+他是昨天才來的。
+
+He didn't come until yesterday.
+
+Nǐ míngtiān zài zǒu ba!
+
+你明天再走吧。
+
+Don't go until tomorrow!
+
+[37]
+
+Notice that, in the description of past events, most sentences containing jiù also contain the completion le marker.
+
+7. *C: Láojià, Shíwǔlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?
+
+勞駕，十五路汽車站在哪兒？
+
+Excuse me, where is the Number 15 bus stop?
+
+D: Jiù zài nèige lùkǒurshang.
+
+就在那個路口上。
+
+It’s (just) on that corner.
+
+Note on No. 7
+
+Lùkǒurshang, literally “on the intersection”: Lùkǒur means “road mouth,” a crossroads or intersection. The word is a place-word expression and may follow zài with or without the locational ending -shang.
+
+[38]
+
+DRILLS
+
+A. Substitution Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Dào Běijīng Zhǎnlǎnguǎn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到北京展覽館有沒有直達車？
+
+(Is there a direct bus to the Běijīng Exhibition Hall?)
+
+(cue) Mínzú Fàndiàn
+
+民族飯店
+
+You: Dào Mínzú Fàndiàn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到民族飯店有沒有直達車？
+
+(is there a direct bus to the Nationalities Hotel?)
+
+2. Dào Mínzú Fàndiàn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到民族飯店有沒有直達車？
+
+Sǎnlítún
+
+三里屯
+
+Dào Sǎnlítún yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到三里屯有沒有直達車？
+
+3. Dào Sǎnlítún yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到三里屯有沒有直達車？
+
+Xīdān
+
+西單
+
+Dào Xīdān yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到西單有沒有直達車？
+
+4. Dào Xīdān yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到西單有沒有直達車？
+
+Dōngdān Càishichǎng
+
+東單菜市場
+
+Dào Dōngdān Càishichǎng yǒu meiyou zhídáchē ?
+
+到東單菜市場有沒有直達車？
+
+5. Dào Dōngdān Càishichǎng yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到東單菜市場有沒有直達車？
+
+Dōngdān Diànyǐngyuàn
+
+東單電影院
+
+Dào Dōngdān Diànyǐngyuàn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到東單電影院有沒有直達車？
+
+6. Dào Dōngdān Diànyǐngyuàn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到東單電影院有沒有直達車？
+
+Jiānádà Wǔguānchù
+
+加拿大武官処
+
+Dào Jiānádà Wǔguānchù yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到加拿大武官処有沒有直達車？
+
+7. Dào Jiānádà Wǔguānchù you meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到加拿大武官処有沒有直達車？
+
+B.  Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Dào Běijīng Zhǎnlǎnguǎn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到北京展覽館有沒有直達車？
+
+(is there a direct bus to the Běijīng Exhibition Hall?)
+
+(cue) Xīdān
+
+西單
+
+You: Méiyou, děi zài Xīdān huàn chē.
+
+沒有，得在西單換車。
+
+(There isn’t. You have to change buses at Xīdān.)
+
+2. Dào Sǎnlítún yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到三里屯有沒有直達車？
+
+Dōngdān
+
+東單
+
+Méiyou, děi zài Dōngdān huàn chē.
+
+沒有，得在東單換車。
+
+3. Dào Guānghuá Lù yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到光華路有沒有直達車？
+
+tāmen nàr
+
+他們那兒
+
+Méiyou, děi zài tāmen nàr huàn chē.
+
+沒有，得在他們那兒換車。
+
+[39]
+
+4. Dào Dōngdān Diànyǐngyuan yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到東單有沒有直達車？
+
+Qiánmén
+
+前門
+
+Méiyou, děi zài Qiánmén huàn chē.
+
+沒有，得在前門換車。
+
+5. Dào Jiānádà Wǔguānchù yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到武官処有沒有直達車？
+
+Xīdān
+
+西單
+
+Méiyou, děi zài Xīdān huàn chē.
+
+沒有，得在西單換車。
+
+6. Dào Qiánmén yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到前門有沒有直達車？
+
+Dōngdān
+
+東單
+
+Méiyou, děi zài Dōngdān huàn chē.
+
+沒有，得在東單換車。
+
+7. Dào Wángfǔjǐng Dàjiē yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?
+
+到王府井大街有沒有直達車？
+
+càishichǎng nàr
+
+菜市場
+
+Méiyou, děi zài càishichǎng nàr huàn chē.
+
+沒有，得在菜市場換車。
+
+C. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: dào nàr qù
+
+到那兒去
+
+(to go there)
+
+(cue) jǐ
+
+幾
+
+You: Dào nàr qù zuò jǐlù chē?
+
+到那兒去坐幾路車？
+
+(What [number] bus do you take to go there?)
+
+OR  dào zhǎnlǎnguǎn qù
+
+到展覽館去
+
+(to go to the exhibition hall)
+
+(cue) 3
+
+Dào zhǎnlǎnguǎn qù zuò Sānlù chē.
+
+到展覽館去坐三路車。
+
+(To go to the exhibition hall, take the Number 3 bus.)
+
+2. dào Dōngdān qù
+
+到東單去
+
+3
+
+Dào Dōngdān qù zuò Sānlù chē.
+
+到東單去坐三路車。
+
+3. dào nàr qù
+
+到那兒去
+
+jǐ
+
+幾
+
+Dào nàr qù zuò jǐlù chē?
+
+到那兒去坐幾路車？
+
+4. dào Xīnhuá Shūdiàn qù
+
+到新華書店去
+
+1
+
+Dào Xīnhuá Shūdiàn qù zuò Yīlù chē.
+
+到新華書店去坐一路車。
+
+5. dào Sānlǐtún qù
+
+到三里屯去
+
+5
+
+Dào Sānlǐtún qù zuò Wǔlù chē.
+
+到三里屯去五路車。
+
+
+6. dào Dōngdān Càishichǎng qù
+
+到東單菜市場去
+
+jǐ
+
+幾
+
+Dào Dōngdān Càishichǎng qù zuò jǐlù chē?
+
+到東單菜市場去坐幾路車？
+
+D. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Nín xiān zuò Yīlù chē, zuò dao Xīdān huàn chē.
+
+您先坐一路車，坐到西單換車。
+
+(You first take the Number 1 bus. Take it to Xīdān and change buses.)
+
+You: Wǒ xiān zuò Yīlù chē, zuò dao Xīdān huàn chē, duì bu dui?
+
+我先坐一路車，坐到西單換車，對不對。
+
+(I first take the Number 1 bus. I take it to Xīdān and change buses. Right?)
+
+[40]
+
+2. Nín xiān zuò Sānlù chē, zuò dao Wángfǔjǐng Dàjiē huàn chē.
+
+您先坐三路車，坐到王府井大街換車。
+
+Wǒ xiān zuò Sānlù chē, zuò dao Wángfǔjǐng Dàjiē huàn chē, duì bu dui?
+
+我先坐三路車，坐到王府井大街換車，對不對。
+
+3. Nín xiān zuò Liùlù chē, zuò dao Dōngdān huàn chē.
+
+您先坐六路車，坐到東單換車。
+
+Wo xiān zuò Liùlù chē, zuò dao Dōngdān huàn chē, duì bu dui?
+
+我先坐六路車，坐到東單換車，對不對。
+
+4. Nín xiān zuò Wǔlù chē, zuò dao Qiánmén huàn chē.
+
+您先坐五路車，坐到前門換車。
+
+Wǒ xiān zuò Wǔlù chē, zuò dao  huàn chē, duì bu dui?
+
+我先坐五路車，坐到前門換車，對不對。
+
+5. Nín xiān zuò Shílù chē, zuò dao Sānlītǔn huàn chē.
+
+您先坐十路車，坐到三里屯換車。
+
+Wǒ xiān zuò Shílù chē, zuò dao Sānlītǔn huàn chē, duì bu dui?
+
+我先坐十路車，坐到三里屯換車，對不對。
+
+6. Nín xiān zuò Qílù chē, zuò dao Rìtán Lù huàn chē.
+
+您先坐七路車，坐到日壇路換車。
+
+Wǒ xiān zuò Qílù chē, zuò dao Rìtán Lù huàn chē, duì bu dui?
+
+我先坐七路車，坐到日壇路換車，對不對。
+
+7. Nín xiān zuò Shíèrlù chē, zuò dao Guānghuá Lù huàn chē.
+
+您先坐十二路車，坐到光華路換車。
+
+Wǒ xiān zuò Shíèrlù chē, zuò dao Guānghuá Lù huàn chē, duì bu dui?
+
+我先坐十二路車，坐到光華路換車，對不對。
+
+E.  Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Dào nàr qù xiān zuò Sānlù chē, ránhòu zuò Wǔlù chē.
+
+到那兒去先坐三路車，然後坐五路車。
+
+(To go there, first take the Number 3 bus; then take the Number 5 bus.)
+
+You: Wǒ xiān zuò Sānlù chē, ránhòu zuò Wǔlù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài nǎr huàn chē?
+
+我先坐三路車，然後坐五路車。請問，在哪兒換車？
+
+(I first take the Number 3 bus; then take the Number 5 bus. May I ask, where do I change buses?)
+
+2. Dào Zhǎnlǎnguǎn qù xiān zuò Yīlù chē, ránhòu zuò Sìlù chē.
+
+到展覽館去先坐一路車，然後坐四路車。
+
+Wǒ xiān zuò Yīlù chē, ránhòu zuò Sìlù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài nar huàn chē?
+
+我先坐一路車，然後坐四路車。請問，在哪兒換車？
+
+3. Dào Wángfǔjǐng Dàjiē qù xiān zuò Èrlù chē, ránhòu zuò Wǔlù chē.
+
+到王府井大街去先坐二路車，然後坐五路車。
+
+Wǒ xiān zuò Èrlù chē, ránhòu zuò Wǔlù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài nǎr huàn chē?
+
+我先坐二路車，然後坐五路車。請問，在哪兒換車？
+
+4. Dào Rìtán Lù qù xiān zuò Qílù chē, ránhòu zuò Sānlù chē.
+
+到日壇路去先坐七路車，然後坐三路車。
+
+Wǒ xiān zuò Qílù chē, ránhòu zuò Sānlù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài nar huàn chē?
+
+我坐七路車，然後坐三路車。請問，在哪兒換車？
+
+5. Dào Sānlǐtún qù xiān zuò Liùlù chē, ránhòu zuò Èrlù chē.
+
+到三里屯去先坐六路車，然後坐二路車。
+
+Wǒ xiān zuò Liùlù chē, ránhòu zuò Èrlù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài nar huàn chē?
+
+我坐六路車，然後坐二路車。請問，在哪兒換車？
+
+6. Dào Rìtán Lù qù xiān zuò Shílù chē, ránhòu zuò Qílù chē.
+
+到日壇路去先坐十路車，然後坐七路車。
+
+Wǒ xiān zuò Shílù chē, ránhòu zuò Qílù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài nar huàn chē?
+
+我先坐十路車，然後坐七路車。請問，在哪兒換車？
+
+[41]
+
+7. Dào Xīdān qù xiān zuò Shíwulù chē, ránhòu zuò Liùlù chē.
+
+到西單去先坐十五路車，然後坐六路車。
+
+Wo xiān zuò Shíwulù chē, ránhòu zuò Liùlù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài nǎr huàn chē?
+
+我先坐十五路車，然後坐六路車。請問，在哪兒換車？
+
+F.  Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker： Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？
+
+(Where do we buy tickets?)
+
+(cue) chēshang
+
+車上
+
+You: Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài chēshang mǎi piào ma?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？在車上買票嗎？
+
+(Where do we buy tickets? Do we buy them on the bus?)
+
+2. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？
+
+zhèr
+
+這兒
+
+Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài zhèr mǎi piào ma?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？在這兒買票嗎？
+
+3. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？
+
+nar
+
+那兒
+
+Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài nàr mǎi piào ma?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？在那兒買票嗎？
+
+4. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？
+
+Dōngdān nàr
+
+東單那兒
+
+Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài Dōngdān nàr mǎi piào ma?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？在東單那兒買票嗎？
+
+5. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？
+
+chēshang
+
+車上
+
+Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài chēshang mǎi piào ma?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？在車上買票嗎？
+
+6. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？
+
+càishichǎng nàr
+
+菜市場
+
+Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài càishichǎng nàr mǎi piào ma?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？在菜市場買票嗎？
+
+7. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？
+
+Xīdān nàr
+
+西單那兒
+
+Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài Xīdān nàr mǎi piào ma?
+
+咱們在哪兒買票？在西單那兒買票嗎？
+
+G. Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Zánmen jiǔdiǎn zhōng shàng ban.
+
+咱們九點鐘上班。
+
+(We start work at nine o’clock.)
+
+You: Zánmen jiǔdiǎn zhōng cái shàng bān.
+
+咱們九點鐘才上班。
+
+(We don’t start work until nine o’clock.)
+
+2. Wǒmen wǔdiǎnbàn xià bān.
+
+我們五點半下班。
+
+Wǒmen wǔdiǎnbàn cái xià bān.
+
+
+
+3. Wǒmen xià yízhàn xià chē.
+
+我們下一站下車。
+
+Wǒmen xià yízhàn cái xià chē.
+
+我們下一站才下車。
+
+4. Yínháng jiǔdiǎn zhōng kāi mén.
+
+銀行九點鐘開門。
+
+Yínháng jiǔdiǎn zhōng cái kāi mén.
+
+銀行九點鐘才開門。
+
+5. Women xià yízhàn huàn chē.
+
+我們下一站換車。
+
+Wǒmen xià yízhàn cái huàn chē.
+
+我們下一站才換車。
+
+[42]
+
+6. Tāmen liùdiǎn zhōng xià ban.
+
+他們六點鐘下班。
+
+Tāmen liùdiǎn zhōng cǎi xià ban.
+
+他們六點鐘才下班。
+
+7. Tāmen shídiǎn zhōng shàng ban.
+
+他們十點鐘才上班。
+
+Tāmen shídiǎn zhōng cǎi shàng ban.
+
+他們十點鐘才上班。
+
+H. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Nánjīng Dōnglù dào le ma?
+
+南京東路到了嗎？
+
+(Have we reached Nánjīng Dōnglù?)
+
+(cue) hǎi méi ne
+
+還沒呢
+
+You: Hǎi méi ne. Xià yízhàn cái xià chē.
+
+還沒呢。下一站才下車。
+
+(Not yet. We don’t get off until the next stop.)
+
+OR Nánjīng Dōnglù dào le ma?
+
+南京東路到了嗎？
+
+(Have we reached Nánjīng Dōnglù?)
+
+(cue) dào le
+
+到了
+
+Dào le. Wǒmen zài zhèr xià chē.
+
+到了。我們在這兒下車。
+
+(We have already arrived. We get off here.)
+
+2. Zhōnghuá Lù dào le ma?
+
+中華路到了嗎？
+
+hái méi ne
+
+還沒呢
+
+Hái méi ne. Xià yízhàn cái xià chē.
+
+還沒呢。下一站才下車。
+
+3. Dàlǐ Jiē dào le ma?
+
+大理街到了嗎？
+
+dào le
+
+到了
+
+Dào le. Wǒmen zài zhèr xià chē.
+
+到了。我們在這兒下車。
+
+4. Zhōngshān Běilù dào le ma?
+
+中山北路到了嗎？
+
+hái méi ne
+
+還沒呢
+
+Hái méi ne. Xià yízhàn cái xià chē.
+
+還沒呢。下一站才下車。
+
+5. Hépíng Xīlù dào le ma?
+
+和平西路到了嗎？
+
+dào le
+
+到了
+
+Dào le. Wǒmen zài zhèr xià chē.
+
+到了。下車。
+
+6. Jīlóng Lù dào le ma?
+
+基隆街到了嗎？
+
+hái méi ne
+
+還沒呢
+
+Hái méi ne. Xià yízhàn cái xià chē.
+
+還沒呢。下車。下一站才下車。
+
+I. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Qǐngwèn Shíwǔlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?
+
+請問十五路站在哪兒？
+
+(May I ask, where is the Number 15 bus stop?)
+
+(cue) nèige lùkourshang
+
+那個路口上
+
+You: Jiù zài nèige lùkourshang.
+
+就在那個路口上。
+
+(it’s [just] on that corner.)
+
+2. Qǐngwèn Shísìlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?
+
+請問十四路汽車站在哪兒？
+
+nèige dàlóu nàr
+
+那個大樓那兒
+
+Jiù zài nèige dàlóu nàr.
+
+就在那個大樓那兒。
+
+[43]
+
+3. Qǐngwèn Liùlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?
+
+請問六路汽車站在哪兒？
+
+lùde nèibian
+
+路德那邊
+
+Jiù zài lùde nèibian.
+
+就在路德那邊。
+
+4. Qǐngwèn, Yīlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?
+
+請問一路汽車站在哪兒？
+
+nèige yínháng qiánbian
+
+那個銀行前邊
+
+Jiù zài nèige yínhǎng qiánbian.
+
+就在那個銀行前邊。
+
+5. Qǐngwèn, Sānlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?
+
+請問三路汽車站在哪兒？
+
+nèige shāngdiàn nàr
+
+那個商店那兒
+
+Jiù zài nèige shāngdiàn nàr.
+
+就在那個商店那兒。
+
+6. Qǐngwèn, Qílù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?
+
+請問七路汽車站在哪兒？
+
+càishichǎng qiánbian
+
+菜市場前邊
+
+Jiù zài nèige càishichǎng qiánbian.
+
+就在菜市場前邊。
+
+7. Qǐngwèn, Shílù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?
+
+請問十路汽車站在哪兒？
+
+nèige diànyǐngyuàn qiánbian
+
+那個電影院前邊
+
+Jiù zài nèige diànyingyuàn qiánbian.
+
+就在那個電影院前邊。
+
+J. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker： Tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lái? Tā jiǔdiǎn zhōng lái ma?
+
+他幾點鐘來？他九點鐘來嗎？
+
+(What time is he coming? Is he coming at nine o’clock?)
+
+(cue) 8 o’clock
+
+You: Tā shuō tā bādiǎn zhōng jiù lái.
+
+他説他八點鐘來。
+
+(He says he is coming at eight o’clock.)
+
+OR Tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lái? Tā jiǔdiǎn zhōng lái ma?
+
+他幾點鐘來？他九點鐘來嗎？
+
+(What time is he coming? Is he coming at nine o’clock?)
+
+(cue) 10 o’clock
+
+Tā shuō tā shídiǎn zhōng cái lái ne.
+
+他説他十點鐘才來呢。
+
+(He says he isn’t coming until ten o’clock.)
+
+2. Tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lái? Tā sìdiǎn zhōng lái ma?
+
+他幾點鐘來？他四點鐘來嗎？
+
+5 o’clock
+
+Tā shuō tā wǔdiǎn zhōng cái lái ne.
+
+他説他五點鐘才來呢。
+
+3. Tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lái? Tā yìdiǎn zhōng lái ma?
+
+他幾點鐘來？他一點鐘來嗎？
+
+12 o’clock
+
+Tā shuō tā shíèrdiǎn zhōng jiù lái.
+
+他説他十二點鐘才來呢。
+
+4. Tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lái? Tā bādiǎn zhōng lái ma?
+
+他幾點鐘來？他八點鐘來嗎？
+
+7 o’clock
+
+Tā shuō tā qīdiǎn zhōng jiù lái.
+
+他説他七點鐘才來呢。
+
+5. Tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lái? Tā liùdiǎn zhōng lái ma?
+
+他幾點鐘來？他六點鐘來嗎？
+
+ 8 o’clock
+
+ Tā shuō tā bādiǎn zhōng cái lái ne.
+
+他説他八點鐘才來呢。
+
+6. Tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lái? Tā shídiǎn zhōng lái ma?
+
+他幾點鐘來？他十點鐘來嗎？
+
+11 o’clock
+
+Tā shuō tā shíyidiǎn zhōng cái lái ne.
+
+他説他十一點鐘才來呢。
+
+[44]
+
+UNIT 3
+
+REFERENCE LIST
+
+(in Taipei)
+
+1. A: Ài, jìchéngchē!
+
+哎，計程車！
+
+Hey, taxi!
+
+B:  Ní dào náli?
+
+你到哪兒？
+
+Where are you going?
+
+A: Dào huǒchēzhàn.
+
+到火車站。
+
+To the train station.
+
+2. *B: Zhǐ yǒu zhè yíjiàn xíngli ma?
+
+只有這一件行李嗎？
+
+Is there only this one piece of luggage?
+
+A: Shì.
+
+是。
+
+Yes.
+
+3. *B: Wǒ bǎ xíngli fàng zai qiánbian.
+
+我把行李放在前邊。
+
+I’ll put the suitcase in front.
+
+4. A: Nǐ kāide tài kuài le!
+
+你開得太快了！
+
+You are driving too fast!
+
+5. C: Tā kāi chē, kāide bú kuài.
+
+他開車，開得不快。
+
+He doesn’t drive fast.
+
+6. A: Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān, láidejí.
+
+我們有時間，來得及。
+
+We have time. We can make it in time.
+
+7. A: Qǐng màn yìdiǎn kāi.
+
+輕慢一點開。
+
+Please drive a little slower.
+
+8. ** A: Bié kāi nàme kuài!
+
+別開那麽快！
+
+Don’t drive so fast!
+
+9. B: Zhè shi nínde xíngli.
+
+這是您的行李。
+
+Here is your suitcase.
+
+A: Xièxie. Duōshao qián?
+
+謝謝，多少錢？
+
+Thank you. How much is it [the fare]?
+
+B:  Èrshiqīkuài.
+
+二十七塊。
+
+Twenty-seven dollars.
+
+A: Zhè shi sānshikuài, bú yòng zhǎo le.
+
+這是三十塊，不用找了。
+
+Here’s thirty dollars. Keep the change. (literally, “No need to give me change.”)
+
+10. A: Qǐng ni zài qiánbian nèige yínháng tíng yíxià.
+
+請你在前邊那個銀行停一下。
+
+Please stop at that bank up ahead for a moment.
+
+B: Hǎo. Wǒ bǎ chē tíng zai nèibian děng nín.
+
+好。我把車停在那邊等您。
+
+Okay. I’ll park the car over there and wait for you.
+
+* This exchange occurs on the C-1 tape only.
+
+** This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only.
+
+[45]
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+11. chūzū qìchē
+
+出租汽車
+
+taxi (PRC)
+
+12. láibují
+
+來不及
+
+can’t make it in time
+
+13. qìchē
+
+汽車
+
+car, motor vehicle
+
+14. zhème
+
+這麽
+
+so, to this extent, in this way
+
+15. zènme
+
+怎麽
+
+so, to this extent, in this way
+
+Shànghǎi-made auto in Guǎngzhōu, 1978
+
+[46]
+
+VOCABULARY
+
+bǎ
+
+把
+
+(prepositional verb which indicates the direct object)
+
+bié
+
+別
+
+don’t
+
+bú yòng
+
+不用
+
+no need to
+
+chūzū qìchē
+
+出租汽車
+
+taxi (PRC)
+
+fàng
+
+放
+
+to put
+
+huǒchēzhàn
+
+火車站
+
+train station
+
+-jiàn
+
+件
+
+(counter for items or articles such as suitcases and clothing)
+
+jìchéngchē
+
+計程車
+
+taxi (Taipei)
+
+kāi
+
+開
+
+to drive (a vehicle)
+
+kuài
+
+快
+
+to be fast
+
+láibují
+
+來不及
+
+can’t make it in time
+
+láidejí
+
+來得及
+
+can make it in time
+
+màn
+
+慢
+
+to be slow
+
+nàme
+
+那麽
+
+so, to that extent, in that way
+
+qìchē
+
+汽車
+
+car, motor vehicle
+
+shíjiān
+
+時間
+
+time
+
+tíng
+
+停
+
+to stop, to park
+
+xíngli (yíjiàn)
+
+行李
+
+luggage, suitcase
+
+yíxià
+
+一下
+
+a short amount of time
+
+zènme
+
+怎麽
+
+so, to this extent, in this way
+
+zhème
+
+這麽
+
+so, to this extent, in this way
+
+(introduced on C-2 tape)
+
+chī fàn
+
+吃飯
+
+to have a meal
+
+jìnliàng
+
+盡量
+
+to exert all one’s effort, to do one’s best to
+
+Lǎo (name)
+
+老
+
+Old (name) [familiar nickname for an older person among close friends]
+
+mótuōchē
+
+摩托車
+
+motorcycle
+
+náchuqu
+
+拿出去
+
+to take (something) out
+
+sòng
+
+送
+
+to see someone off, to escort someone to a train station, airport, bus depot, or pier
+
+(introduced in Communication Game)
+
+Zhèng hǎo.
+
+正好
+
+Right on time.
+
+[48]
+
+REFERENCE NOTES
+
+1. A: Ài, jìchéngchē!
+
+哎，計程車！
+
+Hey, taxi!
+
+B:  Ní dào náli?
+
+你到哪兒？
+
+Where are you going?
+
+A: Dào huǒchēzhàn.
+
+到火車站。
+
+To the train station.
+
+Note on No. 1
+
+Nǐ dào náli? This expression, like the English “Where to?” is not a full sentence. The taxi driver is using a shortened form of Nǐ dào náli qù?
+
+2. *B: Zhǐ yǒu zhè yíjiàn xíngli ma?
+
+只有這一件行李嗎？
+
+Is there only this one piece of luggage?
+
+A: Shì.
+
+是。
+
+Yes.
+
+3. B: Wǒ bǎ xíngli fàng zai qiánbian.
+
+我把行李放在前邊。
+
+I’ll put the suitcase in front.
+
+Notes on Nos. 2-3
+
+Zhè yíjiàn xíngli: -jiàn is the counter for xíngli.
+
+Bǎ is a prepositional verb which often cannot be directly translated into English. Originally, as a full verb, bǎ meant “to hold something with one’s hands.” Today bǎ is usually used as a prepositional verb which brings the direct object to the front of the sentence, before the main verb. In some cases, bǎ may be translated as “take.”
+
+Tā bǎ zhèiběn shū fàng zai zhuōzishang.
+
+他把這本書放在桌子上。
+
+He put the book on the table. (He took the book and put it on the table.)
+
+But, in many cases, the meaning of “take” does not correspond to the function of bǎ in the sentence.
+
+Bǎ may be used with many types of objects, concrete and abstract. As a prepositional verb, bǎ shows that its object (the noun which follows) is the direct object in the sentence, even though it does not follow the main verb.
+
+Tā mài tāde qìchē le.
+
+他賣他的汽車了。
+
+Tā bǎ tāde qìchē mài le.
+
+他把他的汽車賣了
+
+He sold his car.
+
+The next questions are “Why use bǎ?” and “When is bǎ used?” On the next page are some basic rules for using bǎ.
+
+[49]
+
+a. The object in a bǎ phrase must be a particular known thing. This rule follows the general pattern in Chinese of an object preceding the verb, in topic position or in a bǎ phrase, being specific.* The object in a bǎ phrase should be translated by the English definite article “the” or by other words that indicate definiteness, such as “that” and “my.”
+
+*An object which follows the verb is nonspecific unless marked as specific with zhèi or nèi.
+
+Ní yǒu xíngli ma?
+
+你有行李嗎？
+
+Do you have any luggage?
+
+Yǒu. Zhǐ yǒu zhè yíjiàn.
+
+有。只有這一件。
+
+Yes. I have only this one piece.
+
+Hǎo. Wǒ bǎ xíngli fàngzai qiánbian.
+
+好。我把行李放在前邊。
+
+Okay. I will put the suitcase in front.
+
+b.  The object of a bǎ phrase must be at the disposal of the subject before the action begins. Thus the object of kànjian, “to see,” cannot be used with bǎ, nor can the object of mǎi, “to buy.”
+
+Wǒ mǎile nèiběn shū.
+
+我買了那本書。
+
+I bought the book.
+
+Wǒ bǎ nèiběn shū mài le.
+
+我把那本書賣了。
+
+I sold the book.
+
+c. Fàng zai qiánbian: The verb in a bǎ sentence is usually a transitive ACTION verb. An action verb refers to an activity that can be done voluntarily, either physically (mài, “to sell") or mentally (niàn, “to study"). Contrast this with a state verb, which refers to a quality or condition that the subject has no control over.
+
+For instance, you can decide to study or to learn something, so xué is an action verb. But you cannot decide to know something, so zhīdao is a state verb. Although some state verbs, like zhīdao and xǐhuan, are transitive, the objects of these verbs cannot be put in a bǎ phrase because these verbs are not action verbs.
+
+d. A bǎ sentence does not end with only a verb of one syllable. Either the verb has several syllables or a phrase follows the verb. In the final sentence of exchange 3, the action verb fàng is followed by zai and the' destination qiánbian.
+
+4. A: Nǐ kāide tài kuài le!
+
+你開得太快了！
+
+You are driving too fast!
+
+Notes on No. 4
+
+-de: To describe how action is performed, the marker -de is added to the verb describing the action, and that verb is followed by an adjectival verb which expresses the MANNER in which the action takes place.
+
+[50]
+
+Cultural information: Taxi drivers are not offended by comments about their driving such as the exclamation in exchange 4. If ignored, a request to slow down should be repeated.
+
+5. C: Tā kāi chē, kāide bú kuài.
+
+他開車，開得不快。
+
+He doesn’t drive fast.
+
+Notes on No. 5
+
+Verb, object, and the description of manner: If an action verb with a direct object is to be described in terms of how the action is done, use the following pattern.
+
+Tā  shuō    Zhōngguo huà    shuō -de   tài/hěn/bú    man.
+
+他   説      中國話           説得        太/很/不       慢
+
+(he speak   Chinese         speak      too/very/not  slow)
+
+“He speaks Chinese too/very/not slowly.”
+
+Notice that the main verb and direct object occur first; then the main verb is repeated, followed by -de and the description of manner. Compare the pattern above with the pattern you learned in the Biographic Information Module, Unit 8: Wo niàn Yīngwén niànle liùnián, “I studied English for six years.”
+
+The main verb is repeated when BOTH the direct object and a duration phrase or a description of manner MUST follow the verb directly. In such a case, Chinese handles this post-verb “traffic jam” by making a topic out of the more general information (what is being done): the verb and direct object. The more specific information about how the action is done becomes the comment. A literal translation of the pattern example above is “As for (the way) he speaks Chinese, (he) speaks too/very/not slowly.”
+
+A special point to observe: In English, we may say “He doesn’t speak Chinese slowly,” putting the negative word before “speak.” In Chinese, the negation must be placed directly in front of the word that is referred to (in the example, man, “slow"—not saying that he doesn’t speak, but saying that his speech is not slow).
+
+Linguists have pointed out the potentially comical effect of using English word order for sentences in Chinese with manner descriptions.
+
+[51]
+
+If you were to use English word order to say “I can’t speak Chinese very well,” Wǒ bú huì shuō Zhōngguo huà hěn hào, your sentence would mean, literally, “(The fact that) I can’t speak Chinese is very good.” The right way to say “I can't speak Chinese very well” is Wǒ shuō Zhōngguo huà shuōde bú tài hǎo.
+
+6. A: Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān, láidejí.
+
+我們有時間，來得及。
+
+We have time. We can make it in time.
+
+7. A: Qǐng màn yìdiǎn kāi.
+
+輕慢一點開。
+
+Please drive a little slower.
+
+Notes on Nos. 6-7
+
+Shíjiān: You now know two words for “time”: shíhou and shíjiān. Shíjiān is used for an amount of time. Shíhou is usually used for a point or period in time when something happens.
+
+Láidejí is an idiom meaning “able to make it on time [to do some- thing].” The negative, “not able to make it on time,” is láibují. (See the Meeting Module for additional discussion of such idioms.)
+
+Qǐng màn yìdiǎn kāi, “Please drive a little slower”: In the notes on exchange 5, yǒu learned a pattern for describing manner: verb + -de + adjectival verb. In this sentence, however, the adjectival verb màn + yìdiǎn precede the verb kāi. When the adjectival verbs màn, kuài, zǎo, and wǎn are followed by yìdiǎn, the phrases thus formed may either precede or follow the verb of the sentence.
+
+Qǐng màn yìdiǎn kāi.
+
+輕慢一點開。
+
+Qǐng kāi màn yìdiǎn.
+
+請開慢一點。
+
+Please drive a little slower.
+
+Qǐng kuài yìdiǎn kāi.
+
+請快一點開。
+
+Qǐng kāi kuài yìdiǎn.
+
+請開快一點。
+
+Please drive a little faster.
+
+Qǐng ni zǎo yìdiǎn lái.
+
+請你早一點來。
+
+Qǐng ni lái zǎo yìdiǎn.
+
+請你來早一點。
+
+Please come a little earlier.
+
+Qǐng ni wǎn yìdiǎn lái.
+
+請你晚一點來。
+
+Qǐng ni lái wǎn yìdiǎn.
+
+請你來晚一點。
+
+Please come a little later.
+
+Many adjectival verbs + yìdiǎn must follow the sentence verb.
+
+Xiě xiǎo yìdiǎn.
+
+些小一點。
+
+Write it a little smaller.
+
+Xiě dà yìdiǎn.
+
+寫大一點。
+
+Write it a little bigger.
+
+Zuò hǎo yìdiǎn.
+
+做好一點。
+
+Do it a little better.
+
+The marker -de is optional, and usually omitted, before adjectival verb + yìdiǎn phrases.
+
+[52]
+
+8. A: Bié kāi nàme kuài!
+
+別開那麽快！
+
+Don’t drive so fast!
+
+Note on No. 8
+
+Here you see a third way to describe the performance of an action.
+
+First, you saw a straight description:
+
+Nǐ kāide tài kuài le!
+
+你開得太快了！
+
+You are driving too fast!
+
+OR
+
+Tā niàn shū niànde bú cuò.
+
+她念書念得不錯。
+
+She is doing pretty well in her studies.
+
+Then, you saw a command in which an adjectival verb + yìdiǎn phrase could be placed either before or after the main sentence verb:
+
+Qǐng màn yìdiǎn kāi.
+
+請慢一點開。
+
+Qǐng kāi màn yìdiǎn.
+
+請開慢一點。
+
+Please drive a little slower.
+
+Now, in Bié kāi nàme kuài, you see a negative command. The modifying adjectival verb follows the main verb. The marker -de is optional, and usually omitted, as long as the adjectival verb is preceded by name or zhème (zènme).
+
+Bié zǒu nàme màn le!
+
+別走那麽慢了！
+
+Quit walking so slowly!
+
+Bié qǐlai zènme wǎn!
+
+別起來那麽晚！
+
+Don’t get up so late!
+
+Nǐ zǒu nàme màn, zánmen jiu láibují le!
+
+你走那麽慢，咱們就來不及了。
+
+If you walk so slowly, we won’t make it in time!
+
+9. B: Zhè shi nínde xíngli.
+
+這是您的行李。
+
+Here is your suitcase.
+
+A: Xièxie. Duōshao qián?
+
+謝謝，多少錢？
+
+Thank you. How much is it [the fare]?
+
+B:  Èrshiqīkuài.
+
+二十七塊。
+
+Twenty-seven dollars.
+
+A: Zhè shi sānshikuài, bú yòng zhǎo le.
+
+這是三十塊，不用找了。
+
+Here’s thirty dollars. Keep the change. (literally, “No need to give me change.”)
+
+Notes on No. 9
+
+Èrshiqīkuài: This money phrase does not contain the word qián because the counter kuài can stand alone if the reference could clearly be only to money. Other counters for money, such as máo and fēn, usually require the addition of qián.
+
+[53]
+
+Bú yòng zhǎo le: Bú yòng is an idiom meaning “no need to.” A more literal translation of the sentence is “No need to give me change.” Nǐ bú yòng kāi nàme kuài would be translated as “There’s no need for you to drive that fast."*
+
+*The literal meaning of the verb yòng is “to use.”
+
+10. A: Qǐng ni zài qiánbian nèige yínháng tíng yíxià.
+
+請你在前邊那個銀行停一下。
+
+Please stop at that bank up ahead for a moment.
+
+B: Hǎo. Wǒ bǎ chē tíng zai nèibian děng nín.
+
+好。我把車停在那邊等您。
+
+Okay. I’ll park the car over there and wait for you.
+
+Note on No. 10
+
+Yíxià, “awhile,” is used to indicate a short, indefinite amount of time. The use of this word communicates indefiniteness, just as reduplicating the verb would have done (tíngyitíng). The first speaker in this exchange does not commit himself to an exact length of time.
+
+[54]
+
+DRILLS
+
+A. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Nǐ kāide tài kuài le.
+
+你開得太快了。
+
+(You are driving too fast.)
+
+(cue) chē
+
+車
+
+You: Nǐ kāi chē kāide tài kuài le.
+
+你開車開得太快了。
+
+(You are driving too fast.)
+
+2. Tā tíngde tài kuài le.
+
+他停得太快了。
+
+chē
+
+車
+
+Tā tíng chē tíngde tài kuài le.
+
+他停車停得太快了。
+
+3. Nǐ kànde tài màn le.
+
+你看得太慢了。
+
+shū
+
+書
+
+Nǐ kàn shū kànde tài màn le.
+
+你看書看得太慢了。
+
+4. Tā shuōde tài kuài le.
+
+他説得太快了。
+
+Yīngwén
+
+英文
+
+Tā shuō Yīngwén shuode tài kuài le.
+
+他説英文説得太快了。
+
+5. Nǐ xuéde tài màn le.
+
+你學得太慢了。
+
+Zhōngwén
+
+中文
+
+Nǐ xué Zhongwén xuéde tài màn le.
+
+你學中文學得太慢了。
+
+6. Tā niànde tài kuài le.
+
+他念得太快了。
+
+zhèngzhixué
+
+政治學
+
+Tā niàn zhèngzhixué niànde tài kuài le.
+
+他念政治學念得太快了。
+
+7. Nǐ kànde tài màn le.
+
+你看德太慢了。
+
+bào
+
+報
+
+Nǐ kàn bào kànde tài màn le.
+
+你看報看德太慢了。
+
+B. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Qǐng ni màn kāi.
+
+請你慢開。
+
+(Please drive slowly.)
+
+You: Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.
+
+請你慢一點開。
+
+(Please drive a little slower.)
+
+2. Qǐng ni màn zǒu.
+
+請你慢走。
+
+Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn zǒu.
+
+請你慢一點走。
+
+3. Qǐng ni màn shuō.
+
+請你慢説。
+
+Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn shuō.
+
+請你慢一點説。
+
+4. Qǐng ni kuài shuō.
+
+請你快説。
+
+Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn shuō.
+
+請你快一點説。
+
+5. Qǐng ni màn xià chē.
+
+請你慢下車。
+
+Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn xià chē.
+
+請你慢一點下車。
+
+6. Qǐng ni kuài qù.
+
+請你快去。
+
+Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn qù.
+
+請你快一點去。
+
+7. Qǐng ni kuài shàng chē.
+
+請你快上車。
+
+Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn shàng chē.
+
+請你快一點上車。
+
+[55]
+
+C. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Nǐ kāi chē, kāide tài kuài le.
+
+你開車，開得太快樂。
+
+(You are driving too fast.)
+
+You: Nǐ kāi chē kāide tài kuài le. Qǐng nǐ màn yìdiǎn kāi.
+
+你開車，開得太快樂。請你慢一點開。
+
+(You are driving too fast. Please drive a little slower.)
+
+2. Nǐ kàn shū, kànde tài màn le.
+
+你看書，看得太慢了。
+
+Nǐ kàn shū, kànde tài màn le. Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn kàn.
+
+你看書，看得太慢了。請你快一點看。
+
+3. Nǐ kàn bào kànde tài màn le.
+
+你看報看得太慢了。
+
+Nǐ kàn bào kànde tài màn le. Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn kàn.
+
+你看報看得太慢了。請你快一點看。
+
+4. Nǐ shuō Yīngwén shuōde tài kuài le.
+
+你説英文説得太快了。
+
+Nǐ shuō Yīngwén shuōde tài kuài le. Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn shuō.
+
+你説英文説得太快了。請你慢一點説。
+
+5. Nǐ kāi chē kāide tài kuài le.
+
+你開車開得太快了。
+
+Nǐ kāi chē kāide tài kuài le. Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.
+
+你開車開得太快了。請你慢一點開。
+
+6. Nǐ mài piào màide tài màn le.
+
+你賣票賣得太慢了。
+
+Nǐ mài piào màide tài màn le. Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn mài.
+
+你賣票賣得太慢了。請你快一點賣。
+
+7. Nǐ shuō Zhōngwén shuōde tài màn le.
+
+你説中文説得太慢了。
+
+Nǐ shuō Zhōngwén shuōde tài màn le. Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn shuō.
+
+你説中文説得太慢了。請你快一點説。
+
+D. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Wǒmen yǒu shífēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?
+
+我們有十分鐘，來得及來不及？
+
+(We have ten minutes. Can we make it in time?)
+
+(cue) tài yuǎn
+
+太遠
+
+You: Tài yuǎn. Jiù yǒu shífēn zhōng, láibují.
+
+太遠。就有十分鐘，來不及。
+
+(It’s too far. [If] we have only ten minutes, we can’t make it in time.)
+
+OR Wǒmen yǒu shífēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?
+
+我們有十分鐘，來得及來不及？
+
+(We have ten minutes. Can we make it in time?)
+
+(cue) hěn jìn
+
+很近
+
+Hěn jìn. Yǒu shífēn zhōng, láidejí.
+
+很近。有十分鐘，來得及。
+
+(It’s very near. [If] we have ten minutes, we can make it in time.)
+
+2. Wǒmen yǒu sānshifēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?
+
+我們有三十分鐘，來得及來不及？
+
+tài yuǎn
+
+太遠
+
+Tài yuǎn. Jiù yǒu sānshifēn zhōng, láibují.
+
+太遠。就有三十分鐘，來不及。
+
+3. Wǒmen yǒu èrshifēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?
+
+我們有二十分鐘，來得及來不及？
+
+hěn jìn
+
+很近
+
+Hěn jìn. You èrshifēn zhōng, láidejí.
+
+很近。有二十分鐘，來得及。
+
+[56]
+
+4. Wǒmen yǒu shíwǔfēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?
+
+我們有十五分鐘，來得及來不及？
+
+tài yuǎn
+
+太遠
+
+Tài yuǎn. Jiù yǒu shíwǔfēn zhōng, láibují.
+
+太遠。就有十五分鐘，來不及。
+
+5. Wǒmen yōu shífēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?
+
+我們有十分鐘，來得及來不及？
+
+hěn jìn
+
+很近
+
+Hěn jìn. You shífēn zhōng, láidejí.
+
+很近。有十分鐘，來得及。
+
+6. Wǒmen yǒu èrshifēn zhong, láidejí láibují?
+
+我們有二十分鐘，來得及來不及？
+
+tài yuǎn
+
+太遠
+
+Tài yuǎn. Jiù yǒu èrshifēn zhōng, láibují.
+
+太遠。就有二十分鐘，來不及。
+
+E. Transformation Drill
+
+1.   Speaker: Qǐng màn yìdiǎn kāi.
+
+請慢一點開。
+
+(Please drive a little slower.)
+
+You: Bié kāi zhème kuài!
+
+別開這麽快！
+
+(Don’t drive so fast!)
+
+2. Qǐng kuài yìdiǎn zǒu.
+
+請快一點走。
+
+Bié zǒu zhème màn!
+
+別走這麽慢！
+
+3. Qǐng màn yìdiǎn shuō.
+
+請慢一點説。
+
+Bié shuō zhème kuài!
+
+別走這麽快！
+
+4. Qǐng kuài yìdiǎn kāi.
+
+請快一點開。
+
+Bié kāi zhème màn!
+
+別開這麽慢！
+
+5. Qǐng kuài yìdiǎn kàn.
+
+請快一點看。
+
+Bié kàn zhème màn!
+
+別看這麽慢！
+
+6. Qǐng màn yìdiǎn shuō.
+
+請慢一點説。
+
+Bié shuō zhème kuài!
+
+別走這麽快！
+
+7. Qǐng kuài yìdiǎn zǒu.
+
+請快一點走。
+
+Bié zǒu zhème màn!
+
+別走這麽慢！
+
+F. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Wǒmen láidejí.
+
+我們來得及。
+
+(We can make it in time.)
+
+(cue) qǐng
+
+請
+
+You: Wǒmen láidejí. Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.
+
+我們來得及。請你慢一點開。
+
+(We can make it in time. Please drive a little slower.)
+
+OR Wǒmen láidejí.
+
+我們來得及。
+
+(cue) bié
+
+別
+
+Wǒmen láidejí. Bié kāi nàme kuài!
+
+我們來得及。別開那麽快！
+
+(We can make it in time. Don’t drive so fast!)
+
+2. Wǒmen yōu shíjiān.
+
+我們有時間。
+
+qǐng
+
+請
+
+Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān. Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.
+
+我們有時間。請你慢一點開。
+
+[57]
+
+3. Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān.
+
+我們有時間。
+
+bié
+
+別
+
+Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān. Bié kāi nàme kuài!
+
+我們來得及。別開那麽快！
+
+4. Wǒmen láidejí.
+
+我們來得及。
+
+qǐng
+
+請
+
+Wǒmen láidejí. Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.
+
+我們來得及。請你慢一點開。
+
+5. Wǒmen láidejí.
+
+我們來得及。
+
+bié
+
+別
+
+Wǒmen láidejí. Bié kāi nàme kuài!
+
+我們來得及。別開那麽快！
+
+6. Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān.
+
+我們有時間。
+
+qǐng
+
+請
+
+Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān. Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.
+
+我們來得及。請你慢一點開。
+
+G. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker： Èrshiqīkuài.
+
+二十七塊。
+
+(Twenty-seven dollars.)
+
+(cue) bù
+
+不
+
+You： Zhè shi sānshikuài. Bú yòng zhǎo le.
+
+這是三十塊。不用找了。
+
+(Here’s thirty dollars. Keep the change.)
+
+OR  Èrshiqīkuài.
+
+(Twenty-seven dollars.)
+
+(cue) sān
+
+三
+
+Zhè shi sānshikuài. Qǐng ni zhǎo sānkuài qián.
+
+這是三十塊。請你找三塊錢。
+
+(Here’s thirty dollars. Please give me three dollars [in] change.)
+
+2. Èrshiliù kuài.
+
+二十六塊。
+
+bù
+
+不
+
+Zhè shi sānshikuài. Bú yòng zhǎo le.
+
+這是三十塊。不用找了。
+
+3. Èrshi kuài.
+
+二十塊。
+
+shí
+
+十
+
+Zhè shi sānshikuài. Qǐng ni zhǎo shíkuài qiān.
+
+這是三十塊。請你找十塊錢。
+
+4. Èrshiwǔ kuài.
+
+二十五塊
+
+bù
+
+不
+
+Zhè shi sānshikuài. Bú yòng zhǎo le.
+
+這是三十塊。不用找了。
+
+5. Èrshiyī kuài.
+
+二十一塊。
+
+jiǔ
+
+九
+
+Zhè shi sānshikuài. Qǐng ni zhǎo jiukuài qián.
+
+這是三十塊。請你找九塊錢。
+
+6. Èrshibā kuài.
+
+二十八塊。
+
+bù
+
+不
+
+Zhè shi sānshikuài. Bú yòng zhǎo le.
+
+這是三十塊。不用找了。
+
+[57]
+
+TRN, Unit 3
+
+H.  Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Qǐng ni tíng yíxià.
+
+請你停一下。
+
+(Please stop for a moment.)
+
+(cue) yínháng
+
+銀行
+
+You： Qǐng ni zài nèige yínháng tíng yíxià.
+
+請你在銀行停一下。
+
+(Please stop at that bank for a moment.)
+
+2. Qǐng ni tíng yíxià.
+
+請你停一下。
+
+càishichǎng
+
+菜市場
+
+Qǐng ni zài nèige càishichǎng tíng yíxià.
+
+請你在那個菜市場停一下。
+
+3. Qǐng ni tíng yíxià.
+
+請你停一下。
+
+diànyǐngyuàn
+
+電影院
+
+Qǐng ni zài nèige diànyǐngyuàn tíng yíxià.
+
+請你在那個電影院停一下。
+
+4. Qǐng ni tíng yíxià.
+
+請你停一下。
+
+shūdiàn
+
+書店
+
+Qing ni zài nèige shūdiàn tíng yíxià.
+
+請你在那個書店停一下。
+
+5. Qǐng ni tíng yíxià.
+
+請你停一下。
+
+xuéxiào
+
+學校
+
+Qǐng ni zài nèige xuéxiào tíng yíxià.
+
+請你在那個學校停一下。
+
+6. Qǐng ni tíng yíxià.
+
+請你停一下。
+
+fàndiàn
+
+飯店
+
+Qǐng ni zài nèige fàndiàn tíng yíxià.
+
+請你在那個銀行停一下。
+
+7. Qǐng ni tíng yíxià.
+
+請你停一下。
+
+yínháng
+
+銀行
+
+Qǐng ni zài nèige yínháng tíng yíxià.
+
+請你在那個銀行停一下。
+
+[58]
+
+UNIT 4
+
+REFERENCE LIST
+
+(in Taipei)
+
+1. A: Wo xiǎng qù Táinán wán jitiān.
+
+我想去臺南玩幾天。
+
+I’m thinking of going to Táinán to relax for a few days.
+
+2. A: Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng bu xíng?*
+
+坐公路局行不行？
+
+Would it be all right to take the bus?
+
+B: Dào Táinán qù zuò Gōnglùjú bú dà fāngbian.
+
+到臺南去坐公路局不大方便。
+
+To go to Táinán, it’s not very convenient to take the bus.
+
+3. C: Shì zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne?
+
+是坐火車去好呢，還是坐公路局好呢？
+
+Is it better to go by train or to go by bus?
+
+D: Zuò huǒchē qu hǎo.
+
+坐火車去好。
+
+It’s better to go by train.
+
+4. E: Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne?
+
+你説是坐火車去好呢，還是坐公路局好呢？
+
+Would you say it’s better to go by train or to go by bus?
+
+F: Dào Táinán zuò huǒchē zuì fāngbian.
+
+到臺南坐火車最方便。
+
+To Táinán, it’s most convenient to take the train.
+
+5. A: Děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
+
+得先買票嗎？
+
+Is it necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?
+
+B: Nǐ zuì hǎo liǎngsāntiān yǐqián qù mǎi piào.
+
+你最好兩三天以前去買票。
+
+It would be best for you to go to buy your tickets two or three days ahead of time.
+
+6. A: Zuò Gōnglùjú yě děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
+
+坐公路局也得先買票嗎？
+
+If I take the bus, is it also necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?
+
+B: Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.
+
+不必先買票。
+
+It’s not necessary to buy tickets ahead of time.
+
+7. B: Nǐ yào zuò shěnme shíhoude chē?
+
+你要坐什麽時候的車？
+
+What train do you want to take?
+
+A: Wǒ yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.
+
+我要坐上午的車。
+
+I want to take a morning train.
+
+8. B: Duìbuqǐ, shàngwǔde piào dōu màiwán le.
+
+對不起，上午票都賣完了。
+
+I’m sorry, the tickets for the morning trains are all sold out.
+
+*The speakers on tape always say zuò Gōnglùjúde chē for what is written here as zuò Gōnglùjú. Both expressions are acceptable. (See notes on No. 2.)
+
+[60]
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+9. chuán
+
+船
+
+boat, ship
+
+10. dìtiě
+
+地鐵
+
+subway (abbreviation for dìxià tiědào)
+
+11. dìxià huǒchē
+
+地下火車
+
+underground train, subway
+
+12. wán (wánr)
+
+玩 (玩兒)
+
+to play, to relax, to enjoy oneself
+
+13. -wán
+
+完
+to be finished (occurs in compound verbs of result)
+
+[61]
+
+VOCABULARY
+
+bú bì
+
+不必
+
+not necessary, don’t have to
+
+chuán
+
+船
+
+boat, ship
+
+dìtiě
+
+地鐵
+
+subway (abbreviation for dìxià tiedào)
+
+dìxià huǒchē
+
+地下火車
+
+underground train, subway
+
+fāngbian
+
+方便
+
+to be convenient
+
+Gōnglùjú
+
+公路局
+
+Bureau of Highways (Taiwan)
+
+huǒchē
+
+火車
+
+train
+
+liǎngsān-
+
+兩三
+
+two or three
+
+màiwán le
+
+賣完了
+
+to be sold out
+
+wán (wánr)
+
+玩 (玩兒)
+
+to play, to relax, to enjoy oneself
+
+-wán
+
+完
+
+to be finished (occurs in compound  verbs of result)
+
+xiān
+
+先
+
+ahead of time, beforehand
+
+zuì hǎo
+
+最好
+
+it would be best to
+
+(introduced on C-2 tape)
+
+huá chuán
+
+划船
+
+to row a boat
+
+sàn bù
+
+散步
+
+to take a walk
+
+shān
+
+hill, mountain
+
+shuǐ
+
+水
+
+rivers, lakes (literally, “water")
+
+yóuyǒng
+
+游泳
+
+to swim
+
+[62]
+
+REFERENCE NOTES
+
+1. A: Wo xiǎng qù Táinán wán jitiān.
+
+我想去臺南玩幾天。
+
+I’m thinking of going to Táinán to relax for a few days.
+
+Note on No. 1
+
+The basic meaning of the verb wán is “to play.” It is often best translated into English as “to relax,” “to enjoy oneself.”
+
+2. A: Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng bu xíng?
+
+坐公路局行不行？
+
+Would it be all right to take the bus?
+
+B: Dào Táinán qù zuò Gōnglùjú bú dà fāngbian.
+
+到臺南去坐公路局不大方便。
+
+To go to Táinán, it’s not very convenient to take the bus.
+
+Notes on No. 2
+
+Gōnglùjú, “the Bureau of Highways” in Taiwan, is the agency which administers the island’s intercity bus system. The phrase zuò Gōnglùjú means “to take a Bureau of Highways bus.” This phrasing is analogous to “I’m going by Greyhound.” In talking about the buses themselves, you would have to say Gōnglùjúde chē, “the buses of the Bureau of Highways”:
+
+Gōnglùjúde chē hěn shūfu.
+
+公路局的車很舒服。
+
+The buses of the Bureau of Highways are very comfortable. (shūfu, “to be comfortable”)
+
+Sentences containing both dào and zuò phrases: The zuò phrase usually comes first in a sentence with both a prepositional phrase expressing destination (dào...) and a prepositional phrase expressing means of conveyance (zuò...). However, if the destination is being stressed, the dào phrase may be placed at the beginning of the sentence, in the topic position. (See the second sentence in exchange 2.)
+
+Tā měitiān zuò gōnggòng qìchē dào xuéxiào lái.  
+
+他每天坐公共汽車到學校來。
+
+He rides the bus to school every day.
+
+Dào yínháng qù, tā bú zuò gōnggòng qìchē. Tā zǒu lù qu.
+
+到銀行去，他不坐公共汽車。 她走路去。
+
+To go to the bank, he doesn't take the bus. He walks there,
+
+Bú dà might also be translated as “not too,” “not so.”
+
+[63]
+
+3. C: Shì zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne?
+
+是坐火車去好呢，還是坐公路局好呢？
+
+Is it better to go by train or to go by bus?
+
+D: Zuò huǒchē qu hǎo.
+
+坐火車去好。
+
+Notes on No. 3
+
+Shi...háishi: In a choice-type question, shi and háishi serve to mark off the choices more clearly. Below are some of the most common ways of asking the question “Do you want the red one or the yellow one?”
+
+Nǐ yào hóngde, háishi yào huángde? (PREFERRED FORMS)
+
+你要紅的，還是要黃的？
+
+Nǐ shi yào hóngde, háishi yào huángde?
+
+你是要紅的，還是要黃的？
+
+Nǐ yào hóngde, huángde? (FAMILIAR, VERY COLLOQUIAL; NO PAUSE AT COMMA)
+
+你要紅的，黃的？
+
+Nǐ shi yào hóngde, shi yào huángde? (LEAST PREFERRED; shi UNSTRESSED HERE)
+
+你是要紅的，是要黃的？
+
+The marker ne clarifies the choices in a choice-type question. Ne may be placed after one or the other choice or after both choices.
+
+Nǐ jīntiān qù ne, háishi míngtiān qù? 
+
+你今天去呢，還是明天去？
+
+Are yǒu going today or tomorrow?
+
+Nǐ jīntiān qù, háishi míngtiān qù ne?
+
+你今天去，還是明天去呢？
+
+Nǐ jīntiān qù ne, shi míngtiān qù ne? (COMMUNICATES GENUINE PERPLEXITY) .
+
+你今天去呢，是明天去呢？
+
+Zuò huǒchē qu hǎo: Here a whole phrase, which could also be a sentence, is used as the subject of the sentence.
+
+Zuò huǒchē qù   hǎo.
+
+坐 火車 去 好
+
+(ride train go  good)
+
+Hǎo is translated here as “better,” not as “good.” Adjectival verbs used alone (i.e., not modified by words such as hěn and tài) usually express comparison.
+
+Něige xuésheng hǎo?
+
+哪個學生好？
+
+Which student is better?
+
+Shéi kuài?
+
+誰快？
+
+Who is faster?
+
+[64]
+
+4. E: Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne?
+
+你説是坐火車去好呢，還是坐公路局好呢？
+
+Would you say it’s better to go by train or to go by bus?
+
+F: Dào Táinán zuò huǒchē zuì fāngbian.
+
+到臺南坐火車最方便。
+
+To Táinán, it’s most convenient to take the train.
+
+Note on No. 4
+
+When nǐ shuō begins a question, the phrase is translated as “would you say” or “do you think.”
+
+5. A: Děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
+
+得先買票嗎？
+
+Is it necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?
+
+B: Nǐ zuì hǎo liǎngsāntiān yǐqián qù mǎi piào.
+
+你最好兩三天以前去買票。
+
+It would be best for you to go to buy your tickets two or three days ahead of time.
+
+Notes on No. 5
+
+The adverb xiān may sometimes be translated as “ahead of time,” “beforehand.”
+
+Zuì hǎo, “best,” acts as an adverb in exchange 5, coming after the subject nǐ in the second sentence. Zuì hǎo is used to offer advice politely, not to warn a person that he had “better” or “best” do something.
+
+Liǎngsāntiān: When approximate amounts, such as “two or three,” are given in Chinese, the numbers are read together, with no equivalent of “or.” This system is also used when two words are combined to indicate an approximate date.
+
+sìwǔge rén
+
+四五個人
+
+four or five people
+
+mínghòutiān
+
+明後天
+
+tomorrow or the day after
+
+Qībāyuè
+
+七八月
+
+July or August
+
+Liǎngsāntiān yǐqián: For “ahead of time,” “in advance,” yǐqián is used (instead of xiān) when the amount of time is stated. Yǐqián follows the word indicating the amount of time.
+
+Nǐ děi xiān qù mǎi piào.
+
+你得先去買票。
+
+You have to go ahead of time to buy tickets.
+
+Nǐ děi liǎngsāntiān yǐqián qù mǎi piào.
+
+你得兩三天以前去買票。
+
+You have to go two or three days ahead of time to buy tickets.
+
+[65]
+
+6. A: Zuò Gōnglùjú yě děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
+
+坐公路局也得先買票嗎？
+
+If I take the bus, is it also necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?
+
+B: Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.
+
+不必先買票。
+
+It’s not necessary to buy tickets ahead of time.
+
+Notes on No. 6
+
+Zuò Gōnglùjú, “if I take the bus”: The beginning of the first sentence in exchange 6 is translated with an “if” in English. Literally, the Chinese sentence is “Take the bus, also have to beforehand buy tickets?” In a sense the “if” part of the sentence is a kind of topic in Chinese, providing the setting for the second part of the sentence. In Chinese, the setting or condition can often be put in the topic position. In English, a particular word must be used to clarify the relationship of the first part of the sentence to the second part.
+
+Zuò Gōnglùjú,....
+
+If I take the bus,....
+
+When one takes the bus,....
+
+For taking the bus,....
+
+To take the bus,....
+
+Bú bì, “not necessary,” “don’t have to,” is the phrase to use as the negative of the auxiliary děi, “must,” “have to.” Děi cannot be made negative.*
+
+*"Must not” as in “You must not go” can be translated as bù néng: Nǐ bù néng qù.
+
+7. B: Nǐ yào zuò shěnme shíhoude chē?
+
+你要坐什麽時候的車？
+
+What train do you want to take?
+
+A: Wǒ yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.
+
+我要坐上午的車。
+
+I want to take a morning train.
+
+Note on No. 7
+
+Shénme shíhoude chē has been translated simply as “what train.” More literally, the phrase means “a train (arriving at) what time.”
+
+[66]
+
+8. B: Duìbuqǐ, shàngwǔde piào dōu màiwán le.
+
+對不起，上午票都賣完了。
+
+I’m sorry, the tickets for the morning trains are all sold out.
+
+Notes on No. 8
+
+Wán, “to end,” ”to be over,” cannot take a direct object.
+
+Wánle ma?
+
+完了嗎？
+
+Is it over?
+
+Wánle meiyou?
+
+玩了沒有？
+
+Is it over yet?
+
+Hái méi wán ne.
+
+還沒完呢？
+
+It isn’t over yet.
+
+By itself, the expression Wán le! means “That’s all,” “There’s no more,” or “That’s it!” People often end speeches and recordings with Wán le!
+
+Màiwán le, “to be sold out,” literally “sell finished”: Here is another example of a compound verb of result.* Compound verbs of result communicate both the action being performed and its result. In compound verbs of result, the first verb indicates the action; and the second, the result. Not every action verb is used in compound verbs of result, nor are verbs indicating the result always predictable.
+
+*In DIR, Unit U, yǒu learned kànjian, “to see,” literally “look-perceive.”
+
+All examples which have been presented in this and previous modules occur with completion le.
+
+When -wán is used as an ending, it indicates finishing, as in Wǒ hái méi shuōwán, “I haven’t finished speaking yet,” or depletion, as in màiwán le, “sold out,” and yòngwán le, “used up.” In English, you might Just say “finished,” without indicating what you have finished doing. In Chinese, the action which has been finished is usually mentioned.
+
+Wǒ chīwán le.
+
+我吃完了。
+
+I have finished eating.
+
+Wǒ huàwán le.
+
+我畫完了。
+
+I have finished drawing.
+
+Wǒ kànwán le.
+
+我看完了。
+
+I have finished reading.
+
+Wǒ hái méi shuōwán ne.
+
+我還沒説完呢。
+
+I have not finished talking yet.
+
+Tā hái méi zuòwán ne.
+
+他還沒做完呢。
+
+He has not finished (doing something) yet.
+
+[67]
+
+DRILLS
+
+A.  Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Nǐ qù náli?    You: Wǒ xiǎng qù Táinán wán jitiān.
+
+(cue) Táinán    (I’m thinking of going to
+
+(Where are yǒu going?)  Táinán to relax for a few
+days.)
+
+2. Nǐ qù náli? Xīnzhú  Wǒ xiǎng qù Xīnzhú wán jitiān.
+3. Nǐ qù náli? Jiāyì   Wǒ xiǎng qù Jiāyì wán jitiān.
+4. Nǐ qù náli? Gāoxióng    Wǒ xiǎng qù Gāoxióng wán jitiān.
+5. Nǐ qù náli? Huālián Wo xiǎng qù Huālián wán jitiān.
+6. NĪ qù náli? Táidōng Wǒ xiǎng qù Táidōng wán jitiān.
+7. Nǐ qù náli? Táiběi  wǒ xiǎng qù Táiběi wán jitiān.
+
+B.  Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Zuò Gōnglùjú.
+
+(cue) Táinán
+
+(Take the bus.)
+
+You: Dào Táinán qù zuò Gōnglùjú xíng
+bu xíng?
+
+(To go to Táinán, would it be
+all right to take the bus?)
+
+2. Zuò huǒchē. Jiāyì   Dào Jiāyì qù zuò huǒchē xíng bu xíng?
+3. Zuò zhídáchē.   Gāoxióng    Dào Gāoxióng qù zuS zhídáchē xíng bu xíng?
+4. Zuò jìchéngchē. ,   Táidōng Dào Táidōng qù zuò Jìchéngchē xíng bu xíng?
+5. Zuò huǒchē. Huālián Dào Huālián qù zuò huǒchē xíng bu xíng?
+6. Zuò jìchéngchē  Jīlóng  Dào Jīlóng qù zuò jìchéngchē xíng bu xíng?
+7. Zuò Gōnglùjú.   Táizhōng    Dào Táizhōng qù zuò Gōnglùjú xíng
+
+bu xíng?
+
+C.  Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Zuò gōnggòng qìchē
+xíng bu xíng?
+(cue) kěshi bú dà
+
+(Would it be all right
+to take the bus?)
+
+OR Zuò gōnggòng qìchē
+xíng bu xíng?
+(cue) zuì
+
+(Would it be all
+right to take the
+bus?)
+
+2. Zuò huǒchē xíng bu xíng?
+kěshi bú dà
+
+3. Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng bu xíng?
+zuì
+
+4. Zuò jìchéngchē xíng bu xíng?
+zuì
+
+5. Zuò Sānlù chē xíng bu xíng?
+kěshi bú dà
+
+6. Zuò Wǔlù chē xíng bu xíng?
+zuì
+
+You:
+
+
+
+Zuò gōnggòng qìchē xíng, kěshi
+bú dà fāngbian.
+
+(It would be all right to take
+the bus, but it’s not very
+convenient.)
+
+Zuò gōnggòng qìchē xíng, zuì
+fāngbian.
+
+(it would be all right to take
+the bus; it’s most convenient.)
+
+Zuò huǒchē xíng, kěshi bú dà
+fāngbian.
+
+Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng, zuì fāngbian.
+
+Zuò Jìchéngchē xíng, zuì fāngbian.
+
+Zuò Sānlù chē xíng, kěshi bú dà
+fāngbian.
+
+Zuò Wǔlù chē xíng, zuì fāngbian.
+
+D. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Zuò huǒchē hǎo bu
+hǎo?
+
+(cue) Gōnglùjú
+(is it all right to
+take the train?)
+
+2. Jīntiān qù hao bu hǎo?
+míngtiān
+
+3. Zuò Gōnglùjú hao bu hǎo?
+jìchéngchē
+
+4. Míngtiān qù hao bu hǎo?
+hòutiān
+
+5. Zuò huǒchē hǎo bu hǎo?
+qìchē
+
+You: Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hao
+ne, háishi zuò Gōnglùjú qu
+hao ne?
+
+(Would yǒu say it’s better to
+go by train or to go by bus?)
+
+Nǐ shuō, jīntiān qù hǎo ne, háishi
+míngtiān qù hǎo ne?
+
+Nǐ shuō shi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne,
+háishi zuò jìchéngchē qu hǎo ne?
+
+Nǐ shuō, míngtiān qù hǎo ne, háishi
+hòutiān qù hǎo ne?
+
+Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne,
+háishi zuò qìchē qu hǎo ne?
+
+6. Jīntiān qù hǎo hu hǎo?
+míngtiān
+
+Nǐ shuō, jīntiān qù haǒ ne, háishi
+míngtiān qù hǎo ne?
+
+7. Zuò fēijī hǎo hu hǎo?
+huochē
+
+Nǐ shuō shi zuò fēijī qu hǎo ne,
+háishi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne?
+
+E. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?
+
+(cue) yes
+
+(Is it necessary to buy
+tickets ahead, of time?)
+
+OR Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?
+
+(cue) no
+
+(is it necessary to
+buy tickets ahead,
+of time?)
+
+2. Dei xiān niàn Zhōngguo lìshī ma?
+yes
+
+3. Dei xiān zuò Yílù chē ma? no
+
+H.  Dei xiān dào Xīdān ma?  yes
+
+5. Dei xiān huàn qián ma?  no
+
+6. Dei xiān qù kàn gēge ma? no
+
+You: Dei xiān mǎi piào.
+
+(It's necessary to buy tickets
+ahead, of time.)
+
+Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.
+
+(it's not necessary to buy
+tickets ahead of time.)
+
+Dei xiān niàn Zhōngguo lìshī.
+
+Bú bì xiān zuò Yílù chē.
+
+Dei xiān dào Xīdān.
+
+Bú bì xiān huàn qián.
+
+Bú bì xiān qù kàn gēge.
+
+F. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?
+(cue) 2 or 3 days
+(is it necessary to
+buy tickets ahead
+of time?)
+
+OR Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?
+(cue) no
+(is it necessary to
+buy tickets ahead
+of time?)
+
+You: Nǐ zuì hǎo liǎngsāntiān yǐqián
+mǎi piào.
+
+(it would be best for yǒu to
+buy your tickets two or three
+days ahead of time.)
+
+Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.
+
+(it's not necessary to buy
+tickets ahead of time.)
+
+2. Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?   Nǐ zuì hǎo liǎngtiān yǐqián mǎi piào
+
+2 days
+
+3. Děi xiān huàn qián ma?
+U or 5 days
+
+4. Děi xiān qù kàn gēge ma?
+no
+
+5. Děi xiān kàn zhèiběn shǔ ma?
+3 days
+
+6. Děi xiān huàn qián ma? no
+
+Nǐ zuì hǎo sìwǔtiān yǐqián huàn qián.
+
+Bú hi xiān qù kàn gēge.
+
+Nǐ zuì hǎo sāntiān yǐqián kàn
+zhèiběn shū.
+
+Bú bì xiān huàn qián.
+
+G. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Nǐ yào zuò shénme
+shíhoude chē?
+(cue) shàngwǔ
+
+(What train do yǒu want
+to take?)
+
+2. Nǐ yào zuò jǐdiǎn zhōngde chē?
+xiàwǔ 2:10
+
+3. Nǐ yào zuò shénme shíhoude chē?
+wǎnshang
+
+4. Nǐ yào zuò Jīdiǎn zhōngde chē?
+zǎoshang 9:50
+
+5. Nǐ yào zuò shánme shíhoude chē?
+shàngwǔ
+
+6. Nǐ yào zuò jǐdiǎn zhōngde chē?
+shàngwǔ ll:U0
+
+7. Nǐ yào zuò shánme shíhoude chē?
+xiàwǔ
+
+You: Wō yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.
+
+(I want to take a morning train.)
+
+Wō yào zuò xiàwǔ liǎngdiǎn shífēnde
+chē.
+
+Wō yào zuò wǎnshangde chē.
+
+Wō yào zuò zǎoshang Jiǔdiǎn
+wǔshifēnde chē.
+
+Wō yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.
+
+Wō yào zuò shàngwǔ shíyīdiǎn
+sìshifēnde chē.
+
+Wō yào zuò xiàwǔde chē.
+
+H.  Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker： Qingwèn, shàngwǔde
+chēpiào hái you
+meiyou?
+
+(May I ask, are there
+still tickets for
+the morning train?)
+
+2. Qingwèn, dào Táinán qùde chēpiào
+hái yǒu meiyou?
+
+3. Qingwèn, míngtiān shàngwǔde
+chēpiào hái yǒu meiyou?
+
+4. Qingwèn, dào Huālián qùde chēpiào
+hái yǒu meiyou?
+
+5. Qingwèn, jǐntiān xiàwude chēpiào
+hái yǒu meiyou?
+
+6. Qingwèn, dào Gāoxiong qùde
+chēpiào hái yǒu meiyou?
+
+7. Qingwèn, míngtiānde chēpiào
+hái yǒu meiyou?
+
+You: Qingwèn, shàngwǔde chēpiào
+dōu màiwán le meiyou?
+
+(May I ask, are the tickets for
+the morning trains all sold
+out?)
+
+Qingwèn, dào Táinán qùde chēpiào dōu
+màiwán le meiyou?
+
+Qingwèn, míngtiān shàngwǔde chēpiào
+dōu màiwán le meiyou?
+
+Qingwèn, dào Huālián qùde chēpiào
+dōu màiwán le meiyou?
+
+Qingwèn, jīntiān xiàwǔde chēpiào
+dōu màiwán le meiyou?
+
+Qingwèn, dào Gāoxiong qùde chēpiào
+dōu màiwán le meiyou?
+
+Qingwèn, míngtiānde chēpiào dōu
+màiwán le meiyou?
+
+UNIT 5
+
+REFERENCE LIST
+
+(in Bǎijīng)
+
+1. A:
+
+B:
+
+A:
+
+2. A:
+
+B:
+
+3. A:
+
+B:
+
+4. C:
+
+5. B:
+
+A:
+
+B:
+
+6. A:
+
+A:
+
+A:
+
+7. * B:
+
+8i**B:
+
+Wo ye xiǎng dào Nánjīng qù
+kànkan.
+
+Nǐ jìhua neitiān qù?
+
+Míngtiān huòshi hòutiān qù
+dōu kéyi.
+
+Shànghǎi if Nánjīng yǒu duo
+yuǎn?
+
+Y8u liǎngbǎiwǔshiduō
+gōnglī.
+
+Zuò huoche yào zǒu duōshao
+shíhou?
+
+Dàgài yào zǒu sìge bàn
+xiǎoshí.
+
+Yào zou bànge xiǎoshí.
+
+Nǐ jìhua zài Nánjīng zhù
+Jītiān?
+
+Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào
+Nánjīng qù. Yǐqián mái
+qùguo. Nǐ shuō liǎngtiǎn
+gòu bu gou?
+
+Liǎngtiǎn gòu le.
+
+Měitiān yǒu jītàng chē?
+
+Xiàwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
+
+Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.
+
+Shísǎndiǎn ling wǔfēn yǒu
+yìbān tèkuài.
+
+Shísǎndiǎn ling wǔfēn yǒu
+yftàng tèkuài.
+
+I would also like to go to Nánjīng
+to look around.
+
+What day do yǒu plan to go?
+
+Tomorrow and (or) the day after are
+both possible.
+
+How far is Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?
+
+It’s over 250 kilometers.
+
+How long does it take to go by train?
+
+It probably takes four and a half
+hours.
+
+It takes half an hour.
+
+How many days do yǒu plan to stay
+in Nánjīng?
+
+This will be the first time I have
+gone to Nánjīng. I haven’t gone
+there before. Would yǒu say two
+days are enough?
+
+Two days are enough.
+
+How many trips are there each day?
+
+Are there trains in the afternoon?
+
+I hope to leave here in the afternoon.
+
+There’s an express at 1305.
+
+There’s an express at 1305.
+
+*This exchange occurs on the C-1 tape only.
+
+**This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only.
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+9. dǎsuan
+
+10. huòzhě (huōzhe)
+
+11. yīhòu
+
+12. zhōngtōu
+
+to plan to
+
+or (alternate form of huSshi)
+afterwards, later on, in the future
+hour (alternate word for xiaoshí)
+
+Gate at Shenzhen, where people get off the train from Hong Kong, walk across
+a bridge into China (through the gate in photo), and board a train for
+Guǎngzhōu. Most of the people in the picture are Hong Kong residents on
+their way to visit relatives in Guǎngzhōu.
+
+VOCABULARY
+
+bàn half (followed by a counter or a noun which does not take a counter)
+-cì occasion, time
+dàgài   probably, approximately
+dǎsuàn (dǎsuan) to plan to
+dìyícì (dìyícì) the first time
+-duo    over, more than
+gōnglī  kilometer
+gòu to be enough
+huōshi  or
+huōzhě (huŌzhe) or
+Jìhua   to plan to
+kànkan  to see, to look around, to sight-see,
+to visit
+líkǎi   to leave
+-tang   (counter for bus trips, train trips,
+etc.)
+tèkuài  express train
+xiǎoshí hour
+xīwàng (xīwang) to hope
+yào must, to have to; to take (a certain
+amount of time)
+yǐhòu   afterwards, later on; in the future
+yìqián  before, in the past
+zhōngtóu    hour
+
+(introduced on C-2 tape)
+
+biéde dìfang
+
+cānguān
+
+duōshao hào
+gōngchǎng
+Juéding
+yìshuāng píxié
+yōu hǎo yǒu pianyi
+
+other places (cf. biěrén, “other
+people")
+
+to visit as an observer
+
+what size (shoe)
+
+factory
+
+to decide
+
+a pair of leather shoes
+both good and inexpensive
+
+TU
+
+REFERENCE NOTES
+
+1. A: Wǒ yě xiǎng dào Nánjīng qù
+kànkan.
+
+B: Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù?
+
+A: Míngtiān huòshi hòutiān qù
+dōu kéyi.
+
+I would also like to go to Nánjīng
+to look around.
+
+What day do yǒu plan to go?
+
+Tomorrow and (or) the day after are
+both possible.
+
+Notes on No. 1
+
+Kànkan, “to have a look”: In exchange 1, kànkan refers to doing some
+sight-seeing. The reduplicated verb form implies an indefinite amount of
+sight-seeing, best translated into English as “to have a look,” “to look
+around.”
+
+Huòshi (alternate, huòzhě) is used
+acceptable or possible.
+
+Wǒ qù mǎi yìdiǎnr píjiǔ
+huòshi mǎi yìdiǎnr qìshuī.
+
+Tā míngtiān huòshi hòutiān
+lái kàn nī ma?
+
+Háishi is used for “or” when a choice
+
+Nǐ mǎi píjiǔ háishi mǎi
+qìshuī?
+
+Nǐ xīhuan dàde háishi xīhuan
+xiǎode?
+
+for “or” when both alternatives are
+
+I will go to buy some beer or
+some soft drinks.
+
+Is he coming to see yǒu tomorrow
+or the day after? (i.e., some-
+time during the next two days)
+
+is required between the alternatives
+
+Are yǒu buying beer or (are you
+buying) soft drinks?
+
+Do yǒu like the large one or (do
+you like) the small one?
+
+2. A:
+
+B:
+
+Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duo
+yuǎn?
+
+You liǎngbǎi wǔshiduō gōnglī.
+
+How far is Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?
+
+It’s over 250 kilometers.
+
+Notes on No. 2
+
+Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duo yuǎn?
+distance between two points.
+
+You is used in expressing the
+
+Shànghǎi    lí  Nán j īng   yǒu duō yuǎn?
+(Shànghǎi   be separated from   Nán J īng   there is    how much    distance?)
+
+“How far is Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?”
+
+Tianjin lí  Běijīng yǒu 120 gōnglī.
+(Tiānjīn    be separated from   Běijīng there is    120 kilometers.)
+
+“Tianjin is 120 kilometers from Běijīng.”
+
+Liǎngbǎi wǔshiduō gōnglǐ: Approximate numbers may be expressed by
+adding -duō to number phrases. When added immediately after a number,
+before the counter,* -duō refers to an indefinite amount within the
+range of the round number.
+
+liǎngbǎiduō gōnglǐ  more than 200 kilometers (but
+
+fewer than 300)
+
+yìqiānduōge xuésheng more than 1,000 students (but
+fewer than 2,000)
+
+sānshiduōkuài qián  more than 30 dollars (but fewer
+
+than Ho)
+
+Beginning with 20, -duō may be used in this way with any round number.
+
+With round numbers from 20 through 90, -jǐ may be used instead of -duō.
+
+persons (but fewer
+
+ershiduoge ren
+èrshijǐge rén
+
+sishiduō gōnglǐ
+slshijī gōnglǐ
+
+With the number 10, only -J:
+shíjīkuài qián
+
+more than 20
+than 30)
+
+more than Uo
+fewer than
+
+is used, never -duō.
+
+more than 10
+than 20)
+
+kilometers (but
+50)
+
+dollars (but fewer
+
+*Gōnglǐ is one of the nouns used without a counter.
+
+3. A: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao
+shíhou?
+
+B: Dàgài yào zǒu sìge bàn
+xiǎoshí.
+
+How long does it take to go by
+train?
+
+It probably takes four and a half
+hours.
+
+C: Yào zǒu bànge xiǎoshí.
+
+It takes half an hour.
+
+Notes on Nos. 3-^
+
+The auxiliary verb yào, “to want,”
+“to have to.” (See the first sentence
+
+is sometimes used as “to need to,”
+in exchange 3.)
+
+Zuò huǒchē  yào zǒu duōshao shíhou?
+(ride   train   have to go  how much    time?)
+
+“How long does it take to go by train?”
+
+Yào may also be used as a main verb meaning “to take Ca certain amount of
+timel":
+
+Zuò huǒchē  yào duōshao shíhou?
+(ride   train   takes   how much    time?)
+
+“How long does it take by train?”
+
+Bàn-, “a half (of),” is used like a number—before a counter or before
+a noun which does not require a counter.
+
+bànge xiǎoshí   half    an hour
+
+bànniǎn half    a year
+
+bànge píngguǒ   half    an  apple
+
+Sìge bàn: When bàn FOLLOWS a counter or a noun not requiring a counter,
+the word is translated as “and a half.”
+
+liǎngkuài bàn   two and a half dollars
+
+sāntiān bàn three and a half days
+
+yíge bàn xiǎoshí    one and a half hours
+
+Xiǎoshí: Formerly, the Chinese considered that one day and night (2h
+hours) was divided into twelve 2-hour periods of time. Each of these time
+periods was divided into two xiǎoshí, “small hours,” when telling time by the
+Western 2U-hour system gained popularity throughout the world.
+
+5. B: Nǐ Jìhua zài Nánjīng zhù
+Jītiān?
+
+A:  Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào
+Nánjīng qù. Yǐqián méi
+qùguo. Nǐ shuō liǎngtiǎn
+gòu bu gou?
+
+B:  Liǎngtiǎn gòu le.
+
+How many days do yǒu plan to stay
+in Nánjīng?
+
+This will be the first time I have
+gone to Nánjīng. I haven’t gone
+there before. Would yǒu say two
+days are enough?
+
+Two days are enough.
+
+Note on No. 5
+
+Gòu le: The last sentence in exchange 5 ends with the new-situation
+marker le. This marker is used to describe what a situation is, was, or
+will be AT A SPECIFIED TIME. The travel agent says that, when the visit
+has lasted two days, THEN it will be long enough.
+
+6. A: Měitiān yǒu Jītàng chē?
+
+A: Xiàwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
+
+A: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.
+
+How many trains are there each day?
+Are there trains in the afternoon?
+
+I hope to leave here in the after-
+noon.
+
+Notes on No. 6
+
+Jītàng: The counter -tàng is used when the trip mentioned is not a
+particular one, scheduled at a certain time. Similarly, it can also be
+used to talk about the number   of trips    a person    has made, or will   make.
+
+Líkāi,  “to leave,” may be  followed    by an object    (the place).    On  the
+
+other hand, zǒu, “to leave,” is never followed by an object.
+
+Nǐ  shénme shíhou líkāi zhèr?   When are    yǒu leaving here?
+
+Nǐ  shénme shíhou zǒu?  When are    yǒu leaving?
+
+7. B: Shisandiǎn ling wǔfēn you
+yibān tèkuài.
+
+8. B: Shísāndiǎn ling wǔfēn you
+yítàng tèkuài.
+
+There’s an express at 1305.
+
+There’s an express at 1305.
+
+Notes on Nos. 7-8
+
+Shísāndiǎn ling wǔfēn: For train and bus schedules, a 2U-hour clock
+is commonly used in China, beginning with 1 a.m. and continuing to mid-
+night, or 2^00.
+
+12-hour clock       2U-hour clock
+zǎoshàng shídiǎn    10  a.m.    shídiǎn 1000
+xiàwǔ yìdiān    1   p.m.    shísāndiǎn  1300
+xiàwǔ wǔdiǎn    5   p.m.    shìqīdiǎn   1700
+wǎnshàng shídiǎn    10  p.m.    èrshièrdiǎn 2200
+
+Ling is included to indicate the zero in “1305.”
+
+Tèkuài is an abbreviation for tèbiě kuàichē, “special express train.”
+
+Yìbān and yítàng, counters for trips made by trains, buses, planes,
+and other conveyances, are sometimes interchangeable.
+
+DRILLS
+
+A.  Response Drill
+1. Speaker: Wǒ dǎsuan dào Nánjīng qù kànkan.  (cue) něitiān  (I’m planning to go to Nánjīng to look around.)   You: Nǐ dǎsuan něitiān qù?  (What day do yǒu plan to go?)
+2. Wǒ xiǎng dào Xīān qù kànkan. jīyuè  Nǐ  xiǎng Jīyuè qù?
+3. Wǒ jìhua dào Húběi qù kànkan. xīngqījī  Nǐ  jìhua xīngqījī qù?
+h.  Wǒ dǎsuan dào Shànghǎi qù kànkan.   jīhào   Nǐ  dǎsuan jīhào qù?
+5. Wǒ jìhua dào Sūzhōu qù kànkan. Jīyuè    Nǐ  jìhua jīyuè qù?
+6. Wǒ xiǎng dào Běijīng qù kànkan. něitiān Nǐ  xiǎng něitiān qù?
+7. Wǒ dǎsuan dào Wuchang qù kànkan. xīngqījl   Nǐ  dǎsuan xīngqījl qù?
+
+B. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker： Nǐ dǎsuan shénme shíhou
+dào Nánjīng qù?
+(cue) xiàge yuè
+
+(When are yǒu planning
+to go to Nánjīng?)
+
+2. Nǐ Jìhua jīyuè dào Shànghǎi qù?
+Liùyuè
+
+3. Nǐ xiǎng něitiān dào Guǎngzhōu
+qù? hèutiān
+
+You: Wǒ dǎsuan xiàge yuè dào Nánjīng
+qu kànkan.
+
+(I’m planning to go to see
+Nánjīng next month.)
+
+Wǒ jìhua Liùyuè dào Shànghǎi qu
+kànkan.
+
+Wǒ xiǎng hōutiān dào Guǎngzhōu qu
+kànkan.
+
+4. Nǐ dǎsuan něinián dào Zhōngguo
+qù? míngnián
+
+5. Nǐ jìhua jīyuè dào Xiānggǎng
+qù? Èryuè
+
+6. Nǐ xiǎng xīngqījī dào Běijīng
+qù? Xīngqīsān
+
+7. Nǐ dǎsuan jǐdiǎn zhōng dào tā
+nèr qù? sāndiǎn zhōng
+
+Wo dǎsuan míngnián dào Zhōngguo qu
+kànkan.
+
+Wo jìhua Èryuè dào Xiānggǎng qu
+kànkan.
+
+Wo xiǎng Xīngqīsān dào Běijīng qu
+kànkan.
+
+Wo dǎsuan sāndiǎn zhōng dào tā nèr
+qu kànkan.
+
+C. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù?
+
+(cue) Xīngqīèr
+(What day do yǒu plan
+
+to go?)
+
+2. Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù? wùhào
+
+3. Nǐ xiǎng jīyuè qù? Wùyuè
+
+4. Nǐ xiǎng něinián qù? 1977
+
+5. Nǐ dǎsuan shénme shíhou qù?
+xiàyuè sìhào
+
+6. Nǐ dǎsuan jǐdiǎn zhōng qù?
+shàngwù shídiǎn
+
+7. Nǐ jìhua jīhào qù? èrshiqī
+
+You: Xīngqīèr huòzhě Xīngqīsān, dōu
+kéyi.
+
+(Tuesday and Cor3 Wednesday
+are both possible.)
+
+Wùhào huòzhě liùhào, dōu kéyi.
+
+Wǔyuè huòzhě Liùyuè, dōu kéyi.
+
+Yījiǔqīqī huòzhě Yījiǔqībā, dōu kéyi.
+
+Xiàyuè sìhào huòzhě xiàyuè •wùhào,
+dōu kéyi.
+
+Shàngwù shídiǎn huòzhě shàngwù
+shíyīdiǎn, dōu kéyi.
+
+Èrshiqíhào huòzhě Èrshibahào, dōu
+kéyi.
+
+D. Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker： Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng
+yuan ma?
+
+(cue) duo
+
+(is Shànghǎi far from
+Nánjīng?)
+
+OR Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng
+yuan ma?
+
+(cue) duoshao
+
+(Is Shànghǎi far from
+Nánjīng?)
+
+2. Běijīng lí Tianjin yuan ma?
+duō
+
+3. Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yuan ma?
+duōshao
+
+4. Nánjīng lí Bǎijlng yuan ma?
+duōshao
+
+5. Guǎngzhōu lí Wuhan yuan ma?
+duo
+
+6. Shànghǎi lí Hángzhōu yuan ma?
+duōshao
+
+You： Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duō
+yuan?
+
+(How far is Shànghǎi from
+NánjIng?)
+
+Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duōshao
+gōnglī?
+
+(How many kilometers is
+Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?)
+
+Běijīng lí Tianjin yǒu duō yuan?
+
+Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yǒu duōshao
+gōnglī?
+
+Nánjīng lí Běijīng yǒu duōshao
+gōnglī?
+
+Guǎngzhōu lí Wuhan yǒu duō yuan?
+
+Shànghǎi lí Hángzhōu yǒu duōshao
+gōnglī?
+
+E. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker： Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng you
+duō yuan?
+
+(cue ) dàgài 270
+
+(How far is Shànghǎi
+from Nánjīng?)
+
+OR Tianjin lí Běijīng yōu
+duō yuan?
+
+(cue) 80duō
+
+(How far is Tianjin
+from Běijīng?)
+
+2. Bōijīng lí Hángzhōu yǒu duō
+yuan? 900duō
+
+You: Dàgài yōu èrbǎiqīshí gōnglī.
+
+(it’s probably 270 kilometers.)
+
+Dàgài lí Běijīng yōu bàshíduō
+gōnglī.
+
+(It’s probably more than 80
+kilometers.)
+
+Dàgài lí Hángzhōu yōu jiubǎiduō
+gōnglī.
+
+3. Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yǒu duo
+yuan?   dàgài 800
+
+4. Nánjīng lí Shànghǎi yǒu duó
+yuan?   dàgài 200
+
+5. Wuhàn lí Běijīng yǒu duó yuǎn?
+TOOduō
+
+6. Hángzhōu lí Shànghǎi yǒu duó
+yuǎn? ITOduǒ
+
+Dàgài yǒu bābǎi gōnglī.
+
+Dàgài yǒu èrbǎi gōnglī.
+
+Dàgài lí Běijīng yǒu qībǎiduō
+gōnglī.
+
+Dàgài lí Shànghǎi yǒu yībǎiqīshíduō
+gōnglī.
+
+F. Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng you
+sǎnbǎi gōnglī.
+
+(cue) méi
+
+(Shànghǎi is 300 kilo-
+meters from Nánjīng.)
+
+OR Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yōu
+sǎnbǎi gōnglī.
+
+(cue) dàgài
+
+(Shànghǎi is 300 kilo-
+meters from Běijīng.)
+
+OR Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng you
+sǎnbǎi gōnglī.
+
+(cue) duō
+
+(Shànghǎi is 300 kilo-
+meters from Běijīng.)
+
+2. Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yōu yìqiǎn
+gōnglī. mei
+
+3. Wuhàn lí Běijīng yōu bǎbǎi
+gōnglī. dàgài
+
+4. Nánjīng lí Shànghǎi yōu èrbǎi
+gōnglī. duō
+
+5. Hángzhōu lí Shànghǎi yōu yìbǎi
+gōnglī. duō
+
+You: Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng meiyou
+sǎnbǎi gōnglī.
+
+(Shànghǎi isn't Lis less thanJ
+
+300 kilometers from Nánjīng.)
+
+Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng dàgài yōu
+sǎnbǎi gōnglī.
+
+(Shànghǎi is probably 300 kilo-
+meters from Běijīng.)
+
+Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yōu
+sǎnbǎiduō gōnglī.
+
+(Shànghǎi is more than 300
+kilometers from Běijīng.)
+
+Běijīng lí Shànghǎi měiyou yìqiǎn
+gōnglī.
+
+Wuhàn lí Běijīng dàgài yōu bǎbǎi
+gōnglī.
+
+Nánjīng lí Shànghǎi yōu èrbǎiduō
+gōnglī.
+
+Hángzhōu lí Shànghǎi yōu yìbǎiduō
+gōnglī.
+
+G. Substitution Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu Jīge
+zhōngtǒu?
+
+(cue) duo jiǔ
+
+(How many hours does it
+take by train?)
+
+2. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duǒ jiǔ?
+duōshao shíhou
+
+3. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao
+shíhou? jitiān
+
+4. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jitiān?
+jīge xīngqī
+
+5. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jīge xīngqī?
+jíge xiāoshí
+
+6. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jīge xiaoshí?
+duōshao tiān
+
+7. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao tiān?
+
+You: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duǒ jiǔ?
+
+(How long does it take by train?)
+
+Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao shíhou?
+
+Zuò huǒchē yào zou jitiān?
+
+Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jīge xīngqī?
+
+Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jīge xiāoshí?
+
+Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao tiān?
+
+H. Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Yào zǒu bànge zhōngtou. You: Yào zǒu yíge bàn zhōngtǒu.
+
+(cue) 1 (it takes an hour and a half.)
+
+(It takes half an hour.)
+
+OF  ì   Yào zǒu bàntiān.  (cue) 3  (it takes half a day.)       Yào zǒu sāntiān bàn.  (it takes three and a half days.
+2. Yào zǒu bànge yuè.  2   Yào zǒu liāngge bàn yuè.
+3. Yào zǒu bànge xīngqī.   1   Yào zou yíge bàn xīngqī.
+4. Yào zou bànniān.    1   Yào zǒu yìniān bàn.
+5. Yào zǒu bànge zhōngtǒu. u   Yào zǒu sìge bàn zhōngtǒu.
+6. Yào zǒu bànge yuè.  1   Yào zǒu yíge bàn yuè.
+
+I. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker： Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào
+Nánjīng qù.
+(cue) yīhòu
+
+(This will be the first
+time I have gone to
+Nánjīng.)
+
+OR Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào
+Nánjīng qù.
+(cue) yǐqián
+
+(This will be the first
+time I have gone to
+Nánjīng.)
+
+2. Zhèi shi tā dìyīcì xué Zhōngguo
+huà.    yīhòu
+
+3. Zhèi shi tā dìyīcì chī Zhōngguo
+fàn.    yǐqián
+
+H. Zhèi shi wo dìyīcì dào zhèr lai.
+yīhòu
+
+5. Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái.
+yǐqián
+
+6. Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Měiguo
+qù. yǐqián
+
+You： Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng
+qù. Yīhòu hái yào qù.
+
+(This will be the first time
+I have gone to Nánjīng.
+
+Later on I want to go again.)
+
+Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng
+qù. Yǐqián méi qùguo.
+
+(This will be the first time I
+have gone to Nánjīng. I
+haven’t gone there before.)
+
+Zhè shi tā dìyīcì xué Zhōngguo huà.
+Yīhòu hái yào xue.
+
+Zhè shi tā dìyīcì chī Zhōngguo fàn.
+Yǐqián mei chīguo.
+
+Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái.
+
+Yīhòu hái yào lái.
+
+Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái.
+
+Yǐqián měi láiguo.
+
+Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Měiguo qù.
+
+Yǐqián mei qùguo.
+
+J. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Nǐ shuō lái liǎngtiān
+gòu bu gou?
+
+(Would yǒu say it would
+be enough to come for
+two days?)
+
+2. Nǐ shuō qù liǎngtiān gòu bu gou?
+
+3. Nǐ shuō xué liǎngniánde Zhōngwén
+gòu bu gou?
+
+4. Nǐ shuō zhù sānge yuè gòu bu
+gou?
+
+You： Lái liǎngtiān gòu le.
+
+(it would be enough to come
+for two days.)
+
+Qù liǎngtiān gòu le.
+
+Xué liǎngniánde Zhōngwén gòu le.
+
+Zhù sānge yuè gòu le.
+
+5. Nǐ shuō niàn jiūge xīngqī gòu
+hu gou?
+
+6. Nǐ shuō dào nèr qù wánr shítiSn
+gòu bu gou?
+
+7. Nǐ shuō zǒu yíge zhōngtǒu gòu
+bu gou?
+
+Niàn Jiǔge xīngqī gòu le.
+
+Wánr shítiān gòu le.
+
+Zǒu yíge zhōngtǒu gòu le.
+
+K. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi
+zhèr.
+
+(cue) Xiàwǔ you
+jītàng chē?
+
+(I hope to leave here
+in the afternoon.)
+
+2. Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkái zhèr.
+Xiàwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
+
+3. Wǒ xīwang wǎnshang líkāi zhèr.
+Wǎnshang yǒu jītàng chē?
+
+h. Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīsān líkāi zhèr.
+Xīngqīsān yǒu jītàng chē?
+
+5. Wǒ xīwang míngtiān líkāi zhèr.
+Míngtiān yǒu Jītàng chē?
+
+6. Wǒ xīwang Jīntiān shàngwǔ líkāi
+zhèr. Shàngwǔ yǒu meiyou
+chē?
+
+7. Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīwǔ líkāi zhèr.
+Xīngqīwǔ yǒu Jītàng chē?
+
+You: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.
+Xiàwǔ yǒu Jītàng chē?
+
+(I hope to leave here in the
+afternoon. How many trains
+are there in the afternoon?)
+
+Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr. Xiàwǔ
+yǒu meiyou chē?
+
+Wǒ xīwang wǎnshang líkāi zhèr.
+Wǎnshang yǒu Jītàng chē?
+
+Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīsān líkāi zhèr.
+Xīngqīsān yǒu Jītàng chē?
+
+Wǒ xīwang míngtiān líkāi zhèr.
+Míngtiān yǒu Jītàng chē?
+
+Wǒ xīwang Jīntiān shàngwǔ líkāi zhèr.
+Shàngwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
+
+Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīwǔ líkāi zhèr.
+Xīngqīwǔ yǒu jītàng chē?
+
+UNIT 6
+
+REFERENCE LIST
+
+(in Běijīng)
+
+1, A: Jidiǎn zhong kāi?
+
+B: Shíbādiǎn wǔshiwǔfēn fā chē.
+
+A: Nà hǎo.
+
+2. B: Qǐng ni bǎ nīde hùzhào he
+lǚxíngzhèng gěi wo.
+
+A: Hǎo, gěi ni.
+
+3. A: Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài
+dìjī zhàntǎi?
+
+B: Zài dìyī zhàntǎi.
+
+4. B: Bú yòng jí. Hǎi zǎo ne.
+
+B: Nǐ xiān zài zhèige Jiēdàishì
+xiūxìxiuxi.
+
+5 • A:
+
+Wo zhèijiàn xíngli zěnme
+bàn? Shi bu shi kěyi
+nǎshang chē qu?
+
+B: Kěyi bǎ xíngli nǎshang chē
+
+qu.
+
+6. A: Zhèibān chē yǒu cānchē ba?
+
+B: You. You Zhōngcān, yě you
+Xīcan.
+
+A: Hǎojíle.
+
+7. C: Xià yízhàn jiù shi Shànghǎi
+le.
+
+C: Kuài yào dào zhàn le.
+
+C: Nín zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+What time does it leave?
+
+It departs at 1855.
+
+That’s fine.
+
+Please give me your passport and
+travel permit.
+
+Okay, here it is.
+
+On which platform is the train to
+Shànghǎi?
+
+It's on Platform Number 1.
+
+No need to be anxious. It’s still
+early.
+
+First, rest a bit in this waiting
+room.
+
+What should I do about this
+suitcase of mine? May I take it
+onto the train?
+
+You may take the suitcase onto the
+train.
+
+This train has a dining car, I
+suppose?
+
+Yes. There's Chinese food and
+there’s also Western food.
+
+Great.
+
+The next station is Shànghǎi.
+
+We are about to arrive at the
+station.
+
+Please get ready to get off the
+train.
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+8. ban  to move
+9. náshangqu náshanglai náxiaqu náxialai    to take up  to bring up to take down to bring down
+10. pǎo to run
+11. wan to be late
+12. yuètái  train platform (alternate word for zhàntái. more ccrnmon in Taiwan)
+
+VOCABULARY
+
+ban bàn to move (e.g., furniture) (new house) to handle, to manage, to do
+cānchē  dining car
+fā chē  to depart (from the first terminal of a train route)
+hǎojíle he hùzhào   to be wonderful, to be great and  passport
+Jí  jiēdàishì (jiēdàishī)  -jíle    to be anxious waiting room extremely, awfully
+kāi kuài    to leave soon
+lǚxíngzhèng travel permit
+nā náshanglai náshangqu níxialai naxiaqu    to pick up, to hold, to take to bring up  to take up  to bring down  to take down
+pǎo to run
+wan to be late
+
+Xīcān   Western food
+
+xiūxi   to rest, to relax
+
+yào
+yuètái
+
+zǎo
+zhàntai
+Zhōngcān
+zhǔnbèi
+
+will, going to
+train platform
+
+to be early
+train platform
+Chinese food
+to prepare, to get ready
+
+(introduced on C-2 tape)
+bang
+bú yào
+láilai wǎngwǎng
+qídianzhàn
+
+shūfu
+
+to help
+
+don’t
+
+coming and going
+
+station where a train originates
+
+(literally, “starting station")
+
+to be comfortable
+
+Train from GuMngzhōu at the entrance to China
+
+REFERENCE NOTES
+
+1. A: Jīdiǎn zhōng kāi? What time does it leave?
+
+B: Shíhādiǎn wǔshiwǔfēn fā chē. It departs at 1855.
+
+A: Nà hǎo.  That’s fine.
+
+Note on No. 1
+
+Kāi and fā chē: When referring to trains, the verb kāi, “to start,”
+means “to start off” or “to leave.” The technical term fā chē, “to send
+out the train,” is used in reference to a train which is departing from
+the terminal at the beginning of a trip, or line.
+
+2. B: Qǐng ni bǎ nīde hùzhào he
+lùxíngzhèng gěi wo.
+
+A: Hǎo, gěi ni.
+
+Please give me your passport and
+travel permit.
+
+Okay, here it is.
+
+Notes on No. 2
+
+He, “and,” is a common alternate to gēn. Both he and gēn are used as
+“and” between nouns.
+
+Bǎ nīde hùzhào...: The prepositional verb bǎ points out the direct
+objects (passport and travel permit) and brings those objects to the
+beginning of the sentence, preceding the main verb. Without this con-
+struction, a “traffic jam” of sentence elements would follow that verb.
+
+3. A: Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài
+dìjī zhàntǎi?
+
+B: Zài dìyī zhàntǎi.
+
+On which platform is the train
+to Shànghǎi?
+
+It’s on Platform Number 1.
+
+4. B: Bú yòng jí. Hái zao ne.
+
+B: Ni xiān zài zhèige jiēdàishì
+xiūxixiuxi.
+
+No need to be anxious. It's still
+early.
+
+First, rest a bit in this -waiting
+room.
+
+Notes on No. U
+
+In exchange 4, the aspect marker ne emphasizes that there has been no
+change in the situation.
+
+Tā zài zhèr ne. He is here.
+
+When the adverb hái, “still,” “yet,” is used, the sentence very often
+ends with the marker ne.
+
+Míngtiān wǒ hái bù zou ne. I am not leaving tomorrow (yet),
+(i.e., I will still be here
+tomorrow.)
+
+Verb reduplication: In Unit 3 of the Money Module, yǒu learned that
+reduplication is one way to indicate ASPECT, although markers are more
+common. INDEFINITENESS is the aspect expressed when an action verb is
+reduplicated. The speaker does not commit himself to the duration or
+extent of the action.
+
+In the last sentence of No. the speaker asks the listener to “rest
+a bit.” Instead of using additional words to indicate a short duration,
+the speaker reduplicates the verb, xiūxi, expressing some duration, but
+of no particular limit.
+
+To reduplicate a two-syllable verb, simply repeat the whole verb. The
+repetition is unstressed, or even toneless: xiūxixiuxi
+
+Xiān: Since this use of “first” is not followed by an explicit
+“afterwards,” xiān might also be translated as “for the time being”
+or “right now.”
+
+Wǒ xiān zou le, nǐmen mànmānr Right now I’m going to excuse
+chī ba. myself; yǒu take your time
+
+eating.
+
+Nǐ xiān bié jí, mànmānr zhǎo. For the time being, don’t be
+anxious; take your time looking
+for it.
+
+5. A: Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli zenme ban?
+Shi bu shi kéyi náshang
+chē qu?
+
+B: Kéyi bǎ xíngli náshang
+chē qu.
+
+What do I do about this suitcase
+of mine? May I take it onto
+the train?
+
+You may take the suitcase onto
+the train.
+
+Notes on No. 5
+
+Zenme bàn means something like “how should Csomething] be managed” or
+“what should be done Cabout something].”
+
+, Náshang chē qu, “take onto the train,” is a COMPOUND VERB OF DIRECTION
+which has been separated by a noun object. Ná is the verb “to pick up,”
+“to hold,” “to take,” “to bring.” The directional endings -shàng, “up,”
+“onto,"* and qù, “to go,” tell yǒu that the action takes place up and
+away from the speaker.
+
+ná  shang   qu
+(hold   up/onto away)
+
+take up/onto”
+
+Compound verbs of direction are easily formed, as shown in the chart below.
+The first column contains action verbs yǒu have learned which may be used.
+The endings in the middle column are relatively few. For the second part
+of the directional ending, only lái and qù may be used.
+
+ACTION  Plus    BISECTION
+ná (to carry)   -shàng  (up)    lái (towards)
+zǒu (to walk/go) ban (to move) pǎo (to run) kāi (to drive) (AND OTHERS) -xià -chū -J in -huí    (down)  qù  (away)  (out)  (in)  (back)
+
+Compound verbs of direction may be two or three syllables: chūqu, “to go
+out"; zǒuchuqu, “to walk out”
+
+*You have seen shàng
+shàng 16u
+shàng chē
+shàngbianr
+shàngge yuè
+zài chēshang
+náshangqu
+
+used as several different parts of speech:
+
+to go up (FULL verb)
+
+to get on
+
+upper, above (IN PLACE WORDS)
+
+last, previously (SPECIFIER)
+
+on (LOCATIONAL ENDING Cwith nouns!)
+
+up, onto (DIRECTIONAL ENDING Cwith verbs!)
+
+It is possible to split up a two-part directional ending by placing an
+object or location before the final lái or qù.
+
+náshang chē qu  take onto the train/bus
+
+náchu yìběn shū lai bring out a book
+
+xià lóu qu  go downstairs
+
+A direct object (such as nèiběn shū) may be placed EITHER at the beginning
+of a sentence, using bǎ, OR later in the sentence, splitting up the direc-
+tional ending. Locations which are the goal of the action (such as chē
+and lou above) MUST be placed between the two parts of the directional
+ending.
+
+Bǎ xíngli náshang chē qu: In the last sentence of exchange 5, the
+direct object, xíngli, is placed before the verb. The location of the
+action, chē, is placed before the final qu. When both a location and
+a direct object occur in a sentence with a multisyllabic directional
+verb, the location is placed between the two syllables of the directional
+ending, and the direct object is moved closer to the beginning of the
+sentence.
+
+6. A: Zhèibān chē yǒu cānchē ba?
+
+B: lou. You Zhōngcān, yě you
+Xīcān.
+
+A: Haojíle.
+
+This train has a dining car, I
+suppose?
+
+Yes. There’s Chinese food and
+there’s also Western food.
+
+Great.
+
+Note on No. 6
+
+The ending -jíle, meaning “extremely,” “awfully,” may be added to
+adjectival verbs.
+
+Nèige píngguo dàjíle.   That apple is huge.
+
+ZuB huǒchē fāngbianjíle.    Riding the train is extremely
+
+convenient.
+
+Tā zǒude kuàijíle.  He walks awfully fast.
+
+-jíle is seldom used in Taiwan.
+
+7. C: Xià yízhàn Jiù shi
+Shànghǎi le.
+
+C: Kuài yào dào zhàn le.
+
+C: Nín zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+The next station is Shànghǎi.
+
+We are about to arrive at the
+station.
+
+Please get ready to get off the
+train.
+
+Notes on No. 7
+
+Kuài means “soon” in the second sentence of exchange 7> You have
+already learned another meaning for kuài: “to be fast”
+
+In the sentence Kuài yào dào zhàn le, yào is an auxiliary verb meaning
+’’will” or “to be going to.” Other meanings yǒu have learned for yào are
+“to want,” “to need,” “to have to,” “to require.”
+
+New-sitnation le: The aspect marker le for new situations occurs in
+the first two sentences of No. 7- In Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Shànghǎi le, the
+speaker uses le to communicate a change in the circumstances: after
+passing through many stations, Shànghǎi will finally be the next station.
+
+When a speaker uses le, he is saying that something has changed in
+reference to him or in reference to the listener. In the first sentence
+in No. 7, Shànghǎi itself has not changed, but what constitutes the “next
+station” for the speaker and the listener has changed.
+
+In Kuài yào dào zhàn le, new-situation le marks a change which is about to
+take place—their arrival. Here are examples of references to future
+changes:
+
+Tā míngnián Jiù shísuì le. He will be ten (years old) next year.
+
+Wǒ zǒu le.  I’m leaving now. (I’ll be leaving
+
+now.)
+
+Piào kuài yào màiwán le. The tickets will soon be sold out.
+
+Many speakers of English have trouble with new-situation le because they
+would not think of using it when the Chinese do. Take note of situations
+which the Chinese consider to be changes, and try to use new-situation le
+in your speech.
+
+DRILLS
+
+A. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  (cue) huǒchē  (What time does it leave?)  2.    JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  gōnglùjúde chě  3.   JīdiSn zhōng kai? gōnggSng qìchē  4. JīdiSn zhōng kāi? zhídáchē  5. JīdiSn zhōng kāi? tèkuài  6.    JīdiSn zhōng kāi mén?  yínháng  7. JīdiSn zhōng kāi men? yōuzhèngjú  B.    Response Drill  1. Speaker: Zuò sìdiSn zhōngde chē, láidejí ma?  (cue) no  (Can we make the four o’clock train?)  OR   Zuò sìdiSn zhōngde chē,  laidejí ma?  (cue) yes  (Can we make the four o’clock train?)  2. Zuò JiǔdiSn èrshifēnde chē, láidejí ma? no  3. Zuò shídiSn wǔshifēnde chē, láidejí ma? yes You? Nèibān huǒchē JīdiSn zhōng kāi? (What time does that train leave?)  Nèibān gōnglùjúde chē JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  Nèibān gōnggòng qìchē JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  Nèibān zhídáchē JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  Nèibān tèkuài JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  Nèige yínháng JīdiSn zhōng kāi men?  Nèige yōuzhèngjú JīdiSn zhōng kāi men?  You? Láibují, yǐjīng wSn le.  (We can’t make it; we are already late.)  Láidejf, hái zǎo ne.  (Don’t worry. It’s still early.)  Láibují, yǐjīng wSn le.  Lāidejí, hái zǎo ne.
+
+TRN, Unit 6
+
+4. Zuò qīdiǎn wushifēnde chē, láidejí ma? no  5.    Zuò sìdiǎn língwufēnde chē, láidejí ma? yes  6. Zuò liǎngdiǎn língbāfēnde chē, láidejí ma?  no  C. Expansion Drill  1. Speaker: Zài dìjl zhàntái? (cue) Shànghǎi  (On which platform is it?)  2.   Zài dìsān zhàntái.  Nánjīng  3. Zài dìjl zhàntái?   Guǎngzhōu  4.   Zài dìSr    zhàntái.    TianJIn  5. Zài dìjl    zhàntái?    Qīngdǎo  6. Zài dìyī    zhàntái.    Hángzhōu  7.    Zài dìjl    zhàntái?    Běijīng  D. Substitution Drill  1. Speaker: Duìbuqǐ, wō dēi zài zhèr xiūxixiuxi. (cue) zhèige dìfang  (Excuse me, I must rest here a moment.)   Láibují, yǐjīng wan le.  Láidejí, hái zǎo ne.  Láibují, yǐjīng wan le.  You: Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài dìjl zhàntái?  (On which platform is the train to Shànghǎi?)  Dào Nánjīng qùde chē zài dìsān zhàntái.  Dào GuSngzhōu qùde chē zài dìjl zhàntái?  Dào Tianjin qùde chē zài dìèr zhàntái.  Dào Qīngdǎo qùde chē zài dìjl zhàntái?  Dào Hángzhōu qùde chē zài dìyī zhàntái.  Dào Běijīng qùde chē zài dìjl zhàntái?  You: Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài zhèige dìfang xiūxixiuxi.  (Excuse me, I must rest at this place a moment.)
+
+2. Duibuqi, wo děi zài zhèige
+dìfang xiūxixiuxi. jiāli
+
+3. Duibuqi, wǒ děi zài jiāli xiūxi-
+xiuxi. fàndiànli
+
+4. Duibuqi, wǒ děi zài fàndiànli
+xiūxixiuxi. chēli
+
+5. Duibuqi, wǒ děi zài chēli xiūxi-
+xiuxi . j iēdàishi
+
+6. Duibuqi, wǒ děi zài Jiēdàishì
+xiūxixiuxi. zhèr
+
+7. Duibuqi, wǒ děi zài zhèr xiūxi-
+xiuxi.
+
+Duibuqi, wǒ děi xiaxi.  zài jiāli xiūxi-
+Duibuqi, wǒ děi xiūxixiuxi. zài fàndiànli
+Duibuqi, wǒ děi xiuxi.  zài chēli xiūxi-
+Duibuqi, wǒ děi xiūxixiuxi. zài jiēdàishì
+Duibuqi, wǒ děi xiuxi.  zài zhèr xiuxi-
+
+E. Expansion Drill
+
+Repeat the speaker’s statements and add Zěme ban? or Zěme zǒu? as
+
+appropriate.
+
+1. Speaker： Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli hái
+zài zhèr.
+
+(This suitcase of mine
+is still here.)
+
+OR Tā yào dào nàr qù.
+
+(He wants to go there.)
+
+2. Wo zhèixiē dōngxi hái zài zhèr.
+
+3. Tǎ yào dào Wangfǔjlng Dàjiē qù.
+
+4. Wǒ nèixiē xíngli hái zài
+chēshang.
+
+5. Tā yào dào Shànghǎi qù.
+
+6. Wǒ zhèixiē zázhì hái měi màiwán.
+
+You： Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli hái zài
+zhèr. Zěnme bàn?
+
+(This suitcase of mine is still
+here. What should I do about
+it?)
+
+Tā yào dào nàr qù. Zěnme zǒu?
+
+(He wants to go there. How
+do I get there Cgol?)
+
+Wo zhèixiē dōngxi hái zài zhèr.
+
+Zěnme bàn?
+
+Tā yào dào Wángfùjīng Dàjiē qù.
+
+Zěnme zǒu?
+
+Wǒ nèixiē xíngli hái zài chēshang.
+Zěme bàn?
+
+Tā yào dào Shànghǎi qù. Zěnme zǒu?
+
+Wǒ zhèixiē zázhì hái měi màiwán.
+
+Zěme bàn?
+
+F. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Tāmen yǒu Zhōngcān
+háishi Xīcān?
+(cue) yě
+
+(Do they have Chinese
+food or Western food?)
+
+OR Tāmen yào zhèige háishi
+nèige?
+
+(cue) dōu
+
+(Do they want this or
+that?)
+
+You: Tāmen yǒu Zhōngcǎn, yě you
+Xīcān.
+
+(They have Chinese food and
+they also have Western food.)
+
+Zhèige, nèige, tāmen dōu yào.
+
+(They want both this and that.)
+
+2. Nīmen mǎi zhuōzi háishi yīzi?
+yě
+
+3. Nīmen mǎi pánzi háishi van?
+dōu
+
+4. Tāmen mǎi zhèige hongde háishi
+nèige lánde? dōu
+
+5. Tāmen kàn zhèixiē zázhì háishi
+nèixiē bào? ye
+
+6. Nǐ niàn JīngJixué háishi
+zhèngzhixué? yǎ
+
+Wǒmen mǎi zhuōzi, yě mǎi yīzi.
+
+Pánzi, wan, wōmen dōu mǎi.
+
+Hōngde, lánde, tāmen dōu mǎi.
+
+Tāmen kàn zhèixiē zázhì, yě kàn
+nèixiē bào.
+
+Wō niàn JīngJixué, yě niàn
+zhèngzhixué.
+
+G. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Kuài yào dào zhàn le.
+
+(We are about to arrive
+at the station.)
+
+You: Kuài yào dào zhàn le. Wǒmen
+zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+(We are about to arrive at the
+station. Let’s get ready
+to get off.)
+
+2. Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Běijīng le.
+
+3. Kuài yào dào Tiānjīn le.
+
+4. Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Nánjīng le.
+
+Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Běijīng le.
+Wǒmen zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+Kuài yào dào Tiānjīn le. Wǒmen
+zhunbèi xià chē ba.
+
+Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Nánjīng le.
+Wǒmen zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+5. Kuài yào dào Hángzhōu le.
+
+6. Xià yízhàn jiù shi Shànghǎi le.
+
+7. Kuài yào dào Guǎngzhōu le.
+
+Kuài yào dào Hángzhōu le. Women
+zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Shànghǎi le.
+Women zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+Kuài yào dào Guǎngzhōu le. Women
+zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+H. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker:     Tā kéyi náshànglái ma?  (cue) chē  (Can he bring it?)
+2. Tā   kéyi    náxiàlái ma?    lǒu
+3. Tā   kéyi    náshàngqù ma?   huochē
+4. Tā   kéyi náshànglái ma?     lǒu
+5. Tā   kéyi    náxiàqù ma? chē
+6. Tā   kéyi    náxiàlái ma?    huǒchē
+7. Tā   kéyi    náshàngqù ma?   lǒu
+
+You: Tā kéyi náshàng chē lái ma?
+
+(Can he bring it in the car?)
+
+Tā kéyi náxià lǒu lái ma?
+
+Tā kéyi náshàng huǒchē qù ma?
+
+Tā kéyi náshàng lǒu lái ma?
+
+Tā kéyi náxià chē qù ma?
+
+Tā kéyi náxià huǒchē lái ma?
+
+Tā kéyi náshàng lǒu qù ma?
+
+UNIT 1
+
+REFERENCE LIST
+
+(in Běijīng)
+
+1. A: Lao SBng, zěnmeyàng?
+Mang ne?
+
+B:  Bù zenme màng.
+
+Ni yǒu shi ma?
+
+2. A: Wo SÌyue Shísìhào yào dào
+Guǎngzhōu qù. Qǐng ni
+gěi wo ding yìzhāng fēijī
+piào.
+
+B:  Hǎo
+
+3. B: Piào dìnghǎo le.
+
+A:  Neibān fēijī?
+Jīdiǎn zhong qīfēi?
+
+B:  Jiǔdiǎn shiwǔfēn qīfēi.
+
+k. A: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi
+Guǎngzhōu ma?
+
+B:  Shi, zhí fēi Guǎngzhōu.
+
+5. A: Cǒng Sǎnlītǔn dào fēijīchǎng
+yào duōshao shíjiān?
+
+B:  Yào sìshifēn zhōng.
+
+6. A: Rǔguo wǒ bādiǎn zhōng líkāi
+Jiā, láidejí ba?
+
+B:  Lāidejí.
+
+7. A: Qǐng ni míngtiān zǎoshang
+pài ge chē lāi jiē wo.
+
+B:  Hǎo. Wo míngtiān bādiǎn
+zhōng pài chē song ni dào
+fēijīchǎng qu.
+
+Sōng, how are things going?
+
+Are yǒu busy?
+
+Not especially busy.
+
+Can I do something for you?
+
+I’m going to Guǎngzhōu on April 14.
+Please reserve a plane ticket for
+me.
+
+Sure.
+
+The ticket has been reserved.
+
+Which flight? What time does it
+take off?
+
+It takes off at 9:15.
+
+Does this flight go directly to
+Guǎngzhōu?
+
+Yes, it flies directly to Guǎngzhōu.
+
+How much time does it take to go
+from Sānlǐtún to the airport?
+
+It takes forty minutes.
+
+If I leave home at eight o’clock,
+I can make it in time. Right?
+
+Yes.
+
+Please send a car to pick me up
+tomorrow morning.
+
+Okay. I’ll send a car at eight
+o’clock tomorrow to take yǒu to
+the airport.
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+8.  -hSo le
+
+9. lǚguǎn
+
+10. shuōhao le
+
+11. xianghǎo le
+
+12. yàoshi
+
+13. zu&hXo le
+
+to be satisfactorily completed
+
+hotel
+
+to have come to an agreement (about
+something); (something) has been
+agreed on
+
+to have reached a conclusion (about
+something); (something) has been
+thought out
+
+if (alternate word for rúguo)
+
+to have finished doing (something);
+(something) has been finished
+
+VOCABULARY
+
+bù zěnme    not especially, not particularly
+ding dìnghǎo le to reserve  to have (been) reserved
+fēi fēijī fēijīchǎng    to fly airplane airport
+GuSngzhōu   (name of a city in the PRC—Canton)
+-hao le to be satisfactorily completed
+Jiē to meet/pick up/get (someone)
+lǎo lǚguǎn  to be old in years hotel
+máng    to be busy
+pài to send/assign (a person to do something)
+qlfēi   to take off (airplane)
+rúguǒ (ruguo)   if
+Sānlltún    (a district in Běijīng where many Foreign diplomats and Chinése people from other countries live)
+shuohao le  to have come to an agreement (about something); (something) has been agreed on
+xiǎnghǎo le to have reached a conclusion (about something); (something) has been thought out
+yàoshi  if
+zhí  zuòhǎo le  directly  to have finished doing (something);  (something) has been finished
+
+(introduced on C-2 tape)
+
+chū chāi
+
+chùzhǎng
+
+gǎnbushàng
+
+hái hǎo
+
+kāi huì
+
+to go on a business trip
+division chief
+
+won’t be able to catch (a plane,
+train, etc.)
+
+fairly good/well
+
+to attend a meeting/conference
+
+Shànghǎi-made jeep and other vehicles in a parking lot outside the train
+station in Guǎngzhōu
+
+REFERENCE NOTES
+
+1. A: Lǎo Song, zěnmeyàng? Mang
+ne?
+
+B: Bù zěnme máng. Nǐ yǒu shi
+ma?
+
+Song, how are things going? Are
+you busy?
+
+Not especially busy. Can I do
+something for you?
+
+Notes on No. 1
+
+The greeting zěnmeyàng is more informal than nī hǎo a. Zěnmeyàng is
+used only if the two people already know each other.
+
+Mang ne? and Mang ma? are translated into English as “Are yǒu busy?”
+However, the two Chinese questions are not interchangeable. When a
+speaker asks the question Mang ma? he really wants to find out whether
+someone is busy. On the other hand, Mang ne? is an example of the Chinese
+custom of greeting a person by stating the obvious. The speaker is simply
+acknowledging the fact that the listener is busy. The question mark
+following Mang ne? shows that the speaker is inviting the listener to
+comment. You might think of Máng ne? as something like the English “Well,
+it looks like yǒu are working hard,” which invites a response like “Sure
+am” or “Oh, I’m really not doing much of anything.”
+
+Ne may be used in many sentences to comment on what the person being
+addressed is doing at the moment:
+
+Chī fàn ne? Having dinner, I see?
+
+Zài zhèr ne?    Well, you’re here?
+
+Mǎi dōngxi ne?  Doing some shopping, eh?
+
+These sentences are almost greetings in themselves.
+
+The overall intonation of the question Mang ma? is higher than that of a
+statement. The intonation of Mang ne? is somewhat lower. Listen carefully
+to the tape.
+
+Bù zěnme may precede a state verb,
+“not especially,” “not particularly.”
+
+Wǒ bù zěnme xīhuan nèiběn shū.
+
+Wǒ bù zěnme qīngchu.
+
+Wǒ Jīntiān bù zěnme hǎo.
+
+Tā bù zěnme yǒu qián.
+
+Wǒ bù zěnme xiǎng qù.
+
+Contrast bù zěnme with bú zenme, “not
+
+The expression would then mean
+
+I don’t particularly like that book.
+I’m not particularly clear on this.
+
+(This isn’t very clear to me.)
+I’m not particularly well today.
+He's not especially rich.
+
+I don't especially want to go.
+as much as that":
+
+Wǒ bú zenme xīhuan kàn diàn- I don't like to go to the movies that
+yīngr.  much, (i.e., as much as someone
+
+else Just mentioned)
+
+Wǒ “bù zěnme xīhuan kàn diàn-
+yīngr.
+
+I don’t particularly like to go
+to the movies.
+
+2. A: Wǒ Sìyue Shísìhào yào dào
+Guǎngzhōu qù. Qǐng ni
+gěi wo ding yìzhāng fēijī
+piào.
+
+B: Hǎo.
+
+I’m going to Guǎngzhōu on April 14.
+Please reserve a plane ticket for
+me.
+
+Sure.
+
+3. B: Piào dìnghǎo le.
+
+A:  Něibān fēijī? Jīdiǎn zhōng
+qīfēi?
+
+B:  Jiǔdiǎn shíwǔfēn qīfēi.
+
+The ticket has been reserved.
+
+Which flight? What time does it
+take off?
+
+It takes off at 9:15.
+
+Note on No. 3
+
+Dìnghǎo is a compound verb of result. When used as the final element
+in a compound verb of result, hǎo indicates that the action described by
+the initial verb has been brought to a successful conclusion.
+
+The same form of the verb, dìnghǎo, is used to describe an object having
+something done to it and a person doing something to an object.
+
+Piào dìnghǎo le.    The ticket has been reserved.
+
+Wo bǎ piào dìnghǎo le. I have reserved the ticket.
+
+Here are additional examples of compounds with the result-ending -hǎo:
+
+Women yǐjīng shuōhǎo le. We have already come to an agree-
+ment about it. (We have already
+talked it out to a conclusion.)
+
+Nǐ xiǎnghǎo le meiyou? Have yǒu reached a conclusion yet?
+(Have yǒu thought it out to a
+conclusion yet?)
+
+Wǒ yǐjīng bǎ jīntiān I have already finished making the
+wǎnshàng yào chide  things we are going to eat tonight,
+
+dōngxi zuòhǎo le.
+
+Nīde xíngli zhǔnbèihǎo Is your luggage ready?
+le ma?
+
+4. A: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi
+Guǎngzhōu ma?
+
+B: Shi, zhí fēi GuSngzhōu.
+
+Does this flight go directly to
+GuSngzhōu?
+
+Yes, it flies directly to GuSngzhōu.
+
+Notes on No. U
+
+Zhèibān fēijī, “this flight”: In Chinese, the specifier zhèi- is used
+to refer to what has Just been talked about. In English, “that** and “the”
+are used for the same purpose.
+
+The adverb zhí is not used in as many situations as is its English
+translation, “directly,” “straight.” In other contexts, the word for
+“directly” or “direct” would be zhíjiē, and the word for “straight”
+would be yìzhí.
+
+5. A: Cong Sānlǐtún dào fēijīchSng How much time does it take to go
+yào duōshao shíjiān?    from Sānlǐtún to the airport?
+
+B: Yào sìshifēn zhōng.  It takes forty minutes.
+
+6. A: Rúguo wo bādiSn zhōng líkāi
+Jiā, láidejí ba?
+
+B: Lāidejí.
+
+If I leave home at eight o’clock, I
+can make it in time. Right?
+
+Yes.
+
+Note on No. 6
+
+Rúguo is one of the commonest words in Chinese for “if.” Another
+widely used word for “if” is yàoshi. (See Additional Required Vocabulary,
+No. 12.) You have already learned that the idea of “if” may be conveyed
+in Chinese without any special word:
+
+Zuò Gōnglùjú děi xiān mil If I take the bus, is it necessary
+piào ma?    to buy tickets ahead of time?
+
+BādiSn zhōng líkāi Jiā  If I leave home at eight o’clock,
+
+láidejí ba? I can make it in time. Right?
+
+7. A: Qǐng ni míngtiān zǎoshang
+pài ge chē lai jiē wo.
+
+B: Hǎo. Wǒ míngtiān bādiǎn
+zhōng pài chē sǒng ni
+dào fēijīchǎng qu.
+
+Please send a car to pick me up
+tomorrow morning.
+
+Okay. I’ll send a car at eight
+o’clock tomorrow to take you
+to the airport.
+
+Notes on No. 7
+
+The verb pài means “to send/assign someone Cto do something].
+
+Ge: You have already learned that, when toneless, yíge means “a,” not
+“one.” In the first sentence of exchange 7, yǒu see that yíge can be
+reduced to the one syllable ge. This reduction happens most frequently
+when “a” follows the sentence verb.
+
+zhǎo ge ren to look for someone (i.e. , a person)
+
+chī ge píngguǒ  to eat an apple
+
+The verb jiē means “to meet,” as in “meeting someone at the station,”
+or “to get,” “to pick up,” as in “I'll come by to get yǒu (pick yǒu up)
+about eight o’clock.”
+
+Pài ge chē lái jiē wo, literally “send a car to come pick me up":
+In English, “come” may be omitted. In Chinese, lai must separate the
+action (pài ge chē) from the purpose of the action (jiē wo)♦ Either
+lái or qù may be used to mark purpose expressions, depending on the
+direction of the action.
+
+The verb song means “to take/escort someone” in the last sentence of
+exchange 7. Song may also mean “to send” in the sense of “delivering an
+object,” in contrast with the verb pài, which means “to send a person.”
+
+Qīng pài ge ren dào wǒ Jiā Please send a man over to my house,
+lái.
+
+Qīng bǎ zhuōzi song dao wǒ Please deliver the table to my house,
+jiā qù.
+
+8.  -hǎo le to be satisfactorily completed
+9. lǚguǎn  hotel
+10. shuōhǎo le  to have come to an agreement (about something); (something) has been agreed on
+11. xiǎnghǎo le to have reached a conclusion (about something); (something) has been thought out
+12. yàoshi  if (alternate word for rúguǒ)
+13. zuèhǎo le   to have finished doing (something);
+
+(something) has “been finished
+
+Note on Additional Required Vocabulary
+
+Luguǎn is the general term for any kind of hotel. When following a
+verb or the prepositional verb zài, lǚguǎn may be followed by the locational
+ending -li, “in,” or there may be no locative ending. This is also the case
+with other place words naming institutions, business establishments, and
+organizations.
+
+Tā zài zhèige lǚguǎnli (OR He stayed in this hotel for two
+zài zhèige lǚguǎn) zhùle months,
+liǎngge yuè.
+
+VOCABULARY BOOSTER
+
+Animals
+
+hear    xióng
+camel   luòtuo
+cat māo
+chicken Ji'
+cow niú
+deer    lù
+dog gǒu
+donkey- lu
+duck    ya
+elephant    xiàng
+fish    yú
+fox húli
+goat    shānyáng
+horse   ma
+lion    shīzi
+monkey  houzi
+mouse/rat   lǎoshu
+panda   xiángmǎo
+pig zhū
+sheep   yang
+tiger   lǎohǔ
+turkey  huǒjī
+wolf    lang
+
+DRILLS
+
+A. Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Qǐng ni gěi wo mǎi
+yìzhang chuán piSo.
+
+(Please buy one boat
+ticket for me.)
+
+2. Qǐng ni gěi Ma Xiānsheng mǎi
+liǎngzhāng huǒchē piào.
+
+3. Qǐng ni gěi Mao Tàitai mǎi
+yìzhāng gōnglùjúde chēpiào.
+
+4. Qǐng ni gěi LÍnXiǎojiě mai
+sānzhāng zhídáchēde chēpiào.
+
+5. Qǐng ni gěi Liu Ntìshì mǎi
+sānzhāng tèkuàichēde chēpiào.
+
+6. Qǐng ni gěi Zhōu Xiānsheng mǎi
+liǎngzhāng fēijī piào.
+
+7. Qǐng ni gěi Zhào Tàitai mǎi
+liǎngzhāng chuán piào.
+
+You: Qǐng ni gěi wo dìng yìzhāng
+chuán piào.
+
+(Please reserve one boat ticket
+for me.)
+
+Qǐng ni gěi Mǎ Xiānsheng dìng
+liǎngzhāng huǒchē piào.
+
+Qǐng ni gěi Mao Tàitai dìng yìzhāng
+gōnglùjúde chēpiào.
+
+Qǐng ni gěi Lin Xiǎojiě dìng
+sānzhāng zhídáchēde chēpiào.
+
+Qǐng ni gěi Liu Nushì dìng sānzhāng
+tèkuàichēde chēpiào.
+
+Qǐng ni gěi Zhōu Xiānsheng dìng
+liǎngzhāng fēijī piào.
+
+Qǐng ni gěi Zhào Tàitai dìng
+liǎngzhāng chuán piào.
+
+B.  Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Wǒ yào dào Guǎngzhōu qù.
+(cue) huǒchē piào
+
+(I want to go to
+Guǎngzhōu.)
+
+2. Wǒ yào dào Běijīng qù.
+fēijī piào
+
+3. Wǒ yào dào Nánjīng qù.
+tèkuàichēde piào
+
+4. Wǒ yào dào Qīngdǎo qù.
+chuán piào
+
+5. Wǒ yào dào Tiānjīn qù.
+qìchē piào
+
+You: Wǒ yào dào Guǎngzhōu qù, kéyi
+bu keyi dìng yìzhāng huochē
+piào?
+
+(I want to go to Guǎngzhōu.
+
+May I reserve a train ticket?)
+
+Wǒ yào dào Běijīng qù, kéyi bu keyi
+dìng yìzhāng fēijī piào?
+
+Wo yào dào Nánjīng qù, kéyi bu keyi
+dìng yìzhāng tèkuàichēde piào?
+
+Wǒ yào dào Qīngdǎo qù, kéyi bu keyi
+dìng yìzhāng chuán piào?
+
+Wǒ yào dào Tiānjīn qù, kéyi bu keyi
+dìng yìzhāng qìchē piào?
+
+Ill
+
+6. Wo yào dào Hángzhōu qù.
+fēijī piào
+
+7. Wǒ yào dào Suzhou qù.
+zhídáchēde piào
+
+W8 yào dào Hángzhōu qù, kéyi bu keyi
+ding yìzhāng fēijī piào?
+
+Wo yào dào Suzhou qù, kéyi bu keyi
+ding yìzhāng zhídāchēde piào?
+
+C. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Zuòhǎo le ma?   You: Méi zuòhǎo ne.
+
+(cue) no    (I haven’t finished doing it.)
+
+(Have yǒu finished
+
+doing it?)
+2. ShuōhSo le ma?   yes ShuōhSo le.
+3. XiSnghSo le ma?  soon    Kuài XiSnghSo le.
+4. DÌnghSo le ma?   not yet Hái méi dìnghSo ne.
+5. ShuōhSo le ma?   no  Méi ShuōhSo ne.
+6. Zuohǎo le ma?    soon    Kuài zuòhǎo le.
+7. XiSnghSo le ma?  not yet Hái méi xiSnghǎo ne
+
+D.  Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Neibān fēijī?
+
+(Which flight?)
+
+OR Neibān huǒchē?
+(Which train?)
+
+2. Nēibān qìchē?
+
+3. Neibān fēijī?
+
+You: Nēibān fēijī? JīdiSn zhōng
+qīfēi?
+
+(Which flight? What time does
+it take off?)
+
+Neibān huǒchē? JīdiSn zhōng
+kāi?
+
+(Which train? What time does
+it leave?)
+
+Neibān qìchē? JīdiSn zhōng kāi?
+
+Neibān fēijī? JīdiSn zhōng qīfēi?
+
+4. Něibān zhídáchē?
+
+5. Něibān tèkuàichē?
+
+6. Něibān fēijī?
+
+Něibān zhídáchē? Jīdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+Něibān tèkuàichē? Jīdiǎn zhong
+kāi?
+
+Něibān fēijī? Jídian zhōng qīfēi?
+
+E.  Substitution Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi
+Guǎngzhōu ma?
+(cue) Nánjīng
+(Does this flight go
+
+directly to Guǎngzhōu?)
+
+You: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Nánjīng
+ma?
+
+(Does this flight go directly
+to Nánjīng?)
+
+2. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi        Nǎn j īng   Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Shànghǎi ma?
+ma? Shànghǎi
+3. Zhèibān ma?  fēijī zhí fēi Běijīng   Shànghǎi    Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Běijīng ma?
+4. Zhèibān ma?  fēijī zhí fēi Wǔhàn Běijīng Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Wǔhàn ma?
+5. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Sūzhōu     Wuhàn ma?   Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Sūzhōu ma?
+6. Zhèibān  fēijī zhí fēi   Sūzhōu ma?  Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Qīngdǎo ma?
+
+Qīngdǎo
+
+7. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Qīngdǎo ma?
+
+F.  Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Cong Sānlltún dào
+huǒchēzhàn yào
+duōshao shíjiān?
+(cue) duōshaofēn
+zhōng
+
+(How much time does it
+take to go frcm
+Sānlǐtún to the train
+station?)
+
+2. Cōng Dōngdān dào Wǎngfǔjing
+Dàjiē yào duōshao shijian?
+duōshao shíhou
+
+3. Cong Chǎngān Jiē dào Rìtánlù
+yào duōshao shíjiān?
+jlfēn zhōng
+
+4. CŌng Běijīng dào Guǎngzhōu yào
+duōshao shíjiān? jltiān
+
+5. Cong Nánjīng dào Shànghǎi yào
+duōshao shíjiān?
+duōshao xiǎoshí
+
+6. Cōng Hǎngzhōu dào Guǎngzhōu yào
+duōshao shíjiān?
+duōshao xiǎoshí
+
+7. Cōng Guānghuǎlù dào huǒchēzhàn
+yào duōshao shíjiān?
+duōshaofēn zhōng
+
+You: Cōng Sānlǐtún dào huǒchēzhàn
+yào duōshaofēn zhōng?
+
+(How many minutes from
+Sānlǐtún to the train
+station?)
+
+CŌng Dōngdān dào Wǎngfǔjing Dàjiē
+yào duōshao shíhou?
+
+Cōng Chǎngān Jiē dào Rìtǎnlù yào
+jifēn zhōng?
+
+Cōng Běijīng dào Guǎngzhōu yào
+Jitiān?
+
+Cōng Nánjīng dào Shànghǎi yào
+duōshao xiǎoshí?
+
+Cōng Hǎngzhōu dào Guǎngzhōu yào
+duōshao xiǎoshí?
+
+Cōng Guānghuǎlù dào huōchězhàn yào
+duōshaofēn zhōng?
+
+G. Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Rúguō wō bādiǎn zhōng
+líkāi jiā, laidejí
+ma?
+
+(if I leave home at
+eight o’clock, can I
+make it?)
+
+2,  Rúguō wō shídiǎn zhōng líkāi
+xuǎxiào, láidejí ma?
+
+You: Rúguō wō bādiǎn zhōng líkāi
+Jiā, shǎnme shíhou dào?
+(If I leave home at eight
+o’clock, what time will I
+arrive?)
+
+Rúguō wō shídiǎn zhōng líkāi xuexiào
+shěnme shíhou dào?
+
+3. Rúguǒ Li Xiānsheng shíyīdiǎn
+shifēn líkāi Dàshiguǎn,
+láidejí ma?
+
+4. Rúguǒ Zhang Nushì shíyuè qíhào
+líkāi zhèli, laidejí ma?
+
+5. Rúguǒ tā sìdiǎnbàn líkāi fàndiàn,
+láidejí ma?
+
+6. Rúguǒ nī zǎoshang qīdiǎn zhong
+líkāi Jiā, láidejí ma?
+
+7. Rúguǒ tāmen xiànzài líkāi
+chēzhǎn, láidejí ma?
+
+Rúguǒ Lī Xiānsheng shíyīdiǎn shífēn
+líkāi Dàshiguǎn, shénme shíhou
+dào?
+
+Rúguǒ Zhāng Nushì shíyuè qíhào líkāi
+zhèli, shénme shíhou dào?
+
+Rúguǒ tā sìdiǎnbàn líkāi fàndiàn,
+shénme shíhou dào?
+
+Rúguǒ nī zǎoshang qīdiǎn zhōng
+líkāi Jiā, shénme shíhou dào?
+
+Rúguǒ tāmen xiànzài líkāi chēzhàn,
+shénme shíhou dào?
+
+H. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Qǐng ni lāi Jiē wo.
+(Please pick me up.)
+
+You: Qǐng ni pài ge chē lāi Jiē wo.
+(Please send a car to pick me
+up.)
+
+2. Qing    ni lāi Jiē ta.  Qǐng ni pài ge chē lāi Jiē ta.
+3. Qǐng    ni qù Jiē tamen.    Qǐng ni pài ge chē qù jiē tamen.
+u.  Qǐng    ni qù Jiē ta.   Qǐng ni pài ge chē qù Jiē ta.
+5. Qǐng    ni sōng wo qù.  Qǐng ni pài ge chē sōng wo qù.
+6. Qǐng    ni lāi Jiē ta.  Qǐng ni pài ge chē lāi Jiē ta.
+7. Qǐng    ni song tamen qù.   Qǐng ni pài ge chē sōng tamen qù.
+
+I. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Wo sǒng ni dào  You: Wo pài chē sǒng ni dào
+
+fēijīchǎng qù.  fēijīchǎng qù.
+
+(I’ll take yǒu to the   (I’ll send a car to take you
+
+airport.)   to the airport.)
+
+2. wǒ  sǒng ni dào huǒchēzhàn qù.  Wo pài chē sǒng ni dào qù.  huǒchēzhàn
+3. wǒ  sǒng ni dào qichēzhàn qù.   Wǒ pài chē song ni dào qù.  qìchēzhàn
+4. WǑ  sǒng ni dào tā jiā qù.  Wǒ pài chē sǒng ni dào  tā jiā qù.
+5. wǒ  song ni dào yínháng qù. Wǒ pài chē sSng ni dào  yínháng qù.
+6. wǒ  sǒng ni dào dàshiguǎn qù.   Wǒ pài chē sǒng ni dào qù.  dàshiguǎn
+7. Wo  sǒng ni dào fēijīchǎng qù.  Wǒ pài chē sǒng ni dào  fēijīchang
+
+qù.
+
+UNIT 8
+
+REFERENCE LIST
+
+(in Běijīng)
+
+1. B: Hao Jiǔ méi Jiàn, nín chū
+mén le ba?
+
+A: Shi a, wǒ yǒu dào Guǎngzhōu
+qu le.
+
+2. B: Nín wèishénme gang huílai,
+yōu qù le ne?
+
+A: Wǒ zhèicì dào Guǎngzhōu qù
+shi yīnwei wǒ yǒu yige hen
+hǎode péngyou cōng
+Xiānggǎng lái.
+
+3. A: W3men yōu yinian méi Jiàn
+le.
+
+A: Tā qīng wo péi ta yìqǐ qù
+lǚxíng.
+
+4. A: Sānge yuè yǐqián wǒ zài
+Guǎngzhōu, nèige shíhou tā
+hái bù zhīdào néng bu néng
+lái.
+
+5. B: Nīmen dōu qùguo shénme
+dìfang?
+
+A: Nánjīng, Shànghǎi, Hángzhōu,
+Sūzhōu, dōu qù le.
+
+Hángzhōu zhēn shi
+piàoliang.
+
+6. A: You Jīhui w8 yào zài qù
+yícì.
+
+7. A: Zhèixiě dìfang nī dōu qùguo
+le ba?
+
+B: Méi dōu qùguo. Wo hái méi
+qùguo Suzhou.
+
+I haven’t seen yǒu for a long time,
+You have been away, I suppose?
+
+Yes, I went to Guǎngzhōu again.
+
+Why did yǒu go again when yǒu had
+Just come back from there?
+
+This time I went to Guǎngzhōu
+because I had a very good friend
+coming there from Hong Kong.
+
+We had not seen each other for a
+year.
+
+She asked me to accompany her (in
+her) travels.
+
+Three months ago, when I was in
+Guǎngzhōu, she didn’t know yet
+whether she would be able to
+come or not.
+
+What places did yǒu go to?
+
+We went to Nánjīng, Shànghǎi,
+Hángzhōu, and Sūzhōu. Hángzhōu
+is really beautiful.
+
+If I have the chance, I would like
+to go again.
+
+You have gone to all those places,
+I suppose?
+
+I haven’t been to all of them. I
+still haven’t been to Sūzhōu.
+
+8. huí gu6 to return to one’s native country
+9. huí Jiā to come/go home
+10. huíqu   to go back
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+11. rēnao   to be lively/bustling/noisy
+12. yǒu yìsi    to be interesting
+13. méi(yǒu) yìsi   to be uninteresting
+14. suǒyl (suoyi)   therefore, so
+
+VOCABULARY
+
+chū mén (chū ménr)  to go out, to go away from home, to go out of town
+gang    only a short while ago, Just
+Hángzhōu    (a city in ZhèJiang Province in the PRC, formerly spelled Hangchow)
+h&o Jiu huí huí guō huí Jia huílai huíqu    a long time  to return to, to go back to  to return to one's native country  to return home  to come back  to go back
+Jiàn Jīhui  to meet, to see opportunity, chance
+méi(yōu) yìsi   to be uninteresting
+něng    can; to be able to
+péi piàoliang   to accompany  to be beautiful
+qíng    to request, to invite
+rěnao   to be lively/bustling/noisy
+suSyì (suōyi) Sūzhōu    therefore, so  (a city in Jiāngsū Province in the PRC, formerly spelled Soochow)
+wèishénme   why
+yīnwei yìqí yōu yǒu yìsi    because  together, along with  again (with completed actions) to be interesting
+zài again (with uncompleted actions)
+
+(introduced on C-2 and P-2 tapes)
+
+huār kāile  the flowers have bloomed (literally, “opened")
+Jiānglèi    in the future
+shōudao to receive
+yǒumíngde dìfang    famous place
+zuìJin  recently
+
+Běijīng Workers’ Stadium
+
+REFERENCE NOTES
+
+1. B: H&o jiǔ méi Jiàn, nín chū
+men le ba?
+
+A: Shi a, wo yǒu dào Guǎngzhōu
+qu le.
+
+I haven’t seen yǒu for a long time
+You have been away, I suppose?
+
+Yes, I went to Guǎngzhōu again.
+
+Notes on No. 1
+
+H&o Jiǔ, “very long”: In this phrase, the word h&o means “very.” Some
+additional examples of this use of h&o are
+
+h&o dà  very large
+h&o duō rén a good many people
+h&o jitiān  quite a few days
+
+Persons from Taiwan frequently use h&o, “very,” before another h&o, as in
+Hao hǎowan! “What fun.”’ and Hǎo h&ochī! “Delicious!” Speakers from Bǎijīng
+think that this repetition of h&o sounds bad.
+
+The verb jiàn means “to see someone” in the sense of “to visit/talk
+with someone.” The verb kànjian is used for “to see” in the sense of
+“to perceive an object.”
+
+Chū mén means “to go out,” “to go away from home,” “to go out of town";
+literally, “to go out the door.”
+
+YSu is the word for “again” which is used with completed actions. (See
+notes on No. 6 for “again” with actions that have not been completed.)
+
+Òu, nl yǒu lái le!  Oh, yǒu have come again!
+
+Qìshuī yǒu méiyou le.   We are out of soda again.
+
+Tā zuétiān méi shàng kè. Yesterday he didn’t attend class.
+
+Jīntiān yǒu méi shàng kè. Today, again, he didn’t attend
+class.
+
+2. B: NÍn wèishénme gang huílai,
+you qù le ne?
+
+A: Wǒ zhèicì dào Guǎngzhōu qù
+shi yīnwei wǒ yǒu yige hSn
+hǎode péngyou cong
+Xiānggǎng lái.
+
+Why did yǒu go again when yǒu had
+just come back from there?
+
+This time I went to Guǎngzhōu
+because I had a very good friend
+coming there from Hong Kong.
+
+Notes on No. 2
+
+Wèishénme, “why,” follows the subject in the first sentence of exchange 2.
+This question word usually occurs in that position. (In English, “why” always
+precedes the subject.)
+
+Nǐ  wèishénme   yǒu qù le ne?
+(Why    did yǒu go again?)
+
+Sometimes wèishénme precedes the subject of a sentence:
+
+Wèishénme   tā  méi qù?
+Tā  wèishénme   méi qù?
+
+“Why didn’t he go?”
+
+Gang, “only a short while ago,” “just”: The first sentence in the
+exchange could also be translated as “Why, having Just come back from
+there, did yǒu go again?”
+
+The adverb gang is used in sentences describing something that has just
+been done, in other words, completed action. But notice that the marker
+le for completion is not used here. The marker le is added when the focus
+is on whether or not the action has been performed, not on when or how it
+was performed. Gang is often used in sentences emphasizing the recentness
+of an action, not the fact that it was done; therefore le is not used.
+
+Nǐ shi shénme shíhou láide? When did yǒu come here?
+
+Gang lái.   I Just got here.
+
+Nǐ mèimei zài bu zài?   Is your little sister here?
+
+Tā gang zǒu.    She just left.
+
+Huí, “to return,” “to go back”: Like chǔ, “to go out,” and jin, “to
+enter,'* huí must be followed by either a place word or a directional ending.
+
+huí Bǎijīng
+huíguō
+huíjiā
+huílai
+huíqu
+
+to return to Bǎijīng
+
+to return to one’s native country
+to return home
+
+to come back
+
+to go back
+
+The meaning of huílai is not as broad as that of the English translation
+“to come back,” which has two meanings: 1) to come from someplace else to
+the original place ("He leaves for work at eight and doesn't come back till
+six.") and 2) to come another time ("Mr. Wang isn’t in today; come back
+tomorrow.") Huílai means “to return to a particular place.” To say “to
+come another time"in Chinese, yǒu would use an adverb meaning “again” and
+the verb lái. For example,
+
+Wang Xiānsheng jīntiān bú
+zài, qing ni míngtiān zài
+lái.
+
+Nèige rén zuótiān yèu lái
+zhǎo ni, nī bú zài.
+
+Mr. Wang isn't in today; please
+come back tomorrow.
+
+That guy came back looking for you
+yesterday, but yǒu were out.
+
+Ne: Because of the question word wèishénme, “why,” the first sentence
+in exchange 2 is clearly a question. The marker ne is not needed to indicate
+a question, but does give an added ring of inquisitiveness to the sentence.
+Questions ending in ne often seem to be asking for definite answers.
+
+Yīnwei, “because”: Here are some
+
+Nǐ wèishénme méi lái?
+
+Yīnwei wo hen máng.
+
+Nǐ wèishénme láiwǎn le?
+
+Yīnwei wo zǒucuè le.
+
+Nǐ wèishénme yǒu qù le?
+
+Yīnwei wǒde péngyou céng
+Xiānggǎng lái.
+
+simpler sentences containing yīnwei:
+
+Why didn’t yǒu come?
+
+Because I was very busy.
+
+Why did yǒu come late?
+
+Because I made a wrong turn.
+
+Why did yǒu go again?
+
+Because my friend was coming from
+Hong Kong.
+
+The word order in the second sentence of
+terms of a pattern:
+
+SENTENCE
+
+exchange 2 may be described in
+
+shi yīnwei SENTENCE
+
+W3 zhèicì dào
+
+Guǎngzhōu qù
+
+wǒ yǒu yige hen
+hāode péngyou
+cong Xiānggǎng
+lái.
+
+The phrase hen haode péngyou contains the marker of modification -de.
+The modifying phrase ADVERB + ADJECTIVAL VERB (e.g., zuì xiao, tài gaol”
+is followed by -de. Therefore hǎo péngyou does not need -de, but hen
+hǎode péngyou does.
+
+The verb yǒu is translated in the past tense in the second sentence
+of this exchange: “I HAD a . . . friend coming.” Notice that there is
+no completed-action marker in the sentence. You cannot be used with a
+completed-action marker because it is a STATE verb, not an action verb.
+(See notes on Nos. 7-8 in BIO, Unit 8, and on No. ú in this unit.)
+
+3.
+
+A:
+
+A:
+
+Women yǒu yìnián méi jiàn le.
+Tā qǐng wo péi ta yìqǐ qù
+lǚxíng.
+
+We had not seen each other for a year.
+She asked me to accompany her (in her)
+travels.
+
+Notes on No. 3
+
+You yìnián méi: To state the period of time within which something has
+not happened, place the amount of time in front of the negative and the
+verb. The verb yǒu may be placed in front of the amount of time.
+
+Women   (you)   sānnián méi Jiàn le.
+(as for us  there have been 3 years haven’t met)
+
+“We haven’t seen each other for three years.”
+
+In this example, new-situation le might be translated as “as of now.”
+
+When yǒu are talking about a period of time within which something will not
+happen, the same pattern is used, but yǒu may NOT be added:
+
+Wo  liǎngtiān   bù chifan.
+
+“I’m not going to eat for
+two days.”
+
+The verb qǐng, which yǒu have already learned as “please,” means “to
+request Cthat a person do something]” or “to invite.” Normally, when you
+qǐng someone to take a trip or to go out, yǒu are saying that yǒu will pay
+all expenses.
+
+4. A:
+
+Sānge yuè yǐqián wo zài
+Guǎngzhōu, nèige shíhou
+tā hái bù zhīdào néng bu
+néng lái.
+
+Three months ago, when I was in
+Guǎngzhōu, she didn’t know yet
+whether she would be able to
+
+come or not.
+
+Notes on No. U
+
+Yǐqián, “ago”: You have already seen yǐqián used after a phrase to
+mean “before.”
+
+Wo shàng ban yǐqián, wo mǎi Before I start work, I will buy
+diǎnr chide.    something to eat.
+
+In No. U, yiqián is used after an amount of time to mean ’'ago.”
+
+Liǎngnián yiqián, wǒ meiyou Two years ago, I didn’t have a car.
+qìchē.
+
+Neng, “can,” “to be able to,” “to be capable of”: The most general
+word in Chinese for “to be able to” is neng. The meanings of neng and keyi
+“to be permitted by someone” or “permissible according to some rules or
+conventions,” overlap.
+
+Nèige shíhou tā hái bù zhīdào: The negative is bù, even though the
+sentence refers to the past. The negative mei cannot be used here because
+it is the negative of completed action. The verb zhidao, like the verb
+you and adjectival verbs such as hǎo, is a state verb and cannot be
+thought of as completed.
+
+Since the negative of a state verb is the same in the present and past
+tenses, the intended time must be discovered from the context. One reason
+for using nèige shíhou in No. H is to make the time reference very clear.
+
+STATE VERBS include all adjectival verbs, auxiliary verbs, and a few other
+verbs. Here are some examples:
+
+STATE VERBS
+
+Adjectival Verbs
+
+Auxiliaries Others
+
+dà  huì shi
+xiǎo    kéyi    zài
+X
+gui neng    you
+piányi  děi xìng
+kuài    bú bì   Jiào
+màn yào zhīdao
+duō xiǎng   xīhuan
+
+shǎo
+gāoxìng
+
+YīJiǔsānyīnián dōngxi dōu bú
+guì.
+
+Wǒ zài Déguode shíhou bú huì
+shuō Déguo huà.
+
+Wǒ yǐqián bù xīhuan niàn shū.
+
+In 1931, everything was inexpensive
+
+When I was in Germany, I couldn't
+speak German.
+
+Before, I didn’t like to study.
+
+Bù zhidào neng bu neng lái, “didn't know if she would be able to come":
+The object of the verb zhīdao is a choice-type question, néng bu neng lái.
+Here are more examples of this usage:
+
+Wǒ bù zhīdào hái yǒu meiyou. I don’t know if there are any left.
+
+Nǐ wènwen tā rnāile meiyou. Ask him if he bought it.
+
+Wǒ xiǎng zhīdao tāmen lái   I would like to know if they are
+
+bu lái. coming or not.
+
+English-speaking students of Chinese are often tempted to translate “if”
+as rúguǒ or yàoshi; to do so, however, is wrong. The following rule may
+help yǒu remember to use a choice-type question: Whenever the “if” in an
+English sentence means “whether,” use a choice-type question in Chinese.
+For example, “I would like to know if they are coming” means “I would like
+to know whether they are coming"; therefore, in Chinese, yǒu would use a
+choice-type question as the object of the verb zhīdao.
+
+5. B: Nīmen dōu qùguo shenme
+dìfang?
+
+A: Nánjīng, ShànghSi, Hángzhōu,
+Sūzhōu, dōu qù le. Hang-
+zhou zhēn shi piàoliang.
+
+What places did yǒu go to?
+
+We went to Nánjīng, ShànghSi, Háng-
+zhōu, and Sūzhōu. Hángzhōu is
+really beautiful.
+
+Notes on No. g
+
+Nīmen dōu qùguo shénme dìfang? is ambiguous. It could mean either
+“What places did all of yǒu go to?” or “What are all the places that you
+went to?”
+
+You already know that dōu may refer to an object when that object precedes
+the verb, in topic position. (See the second sentence in exchange 5.)
+
+In this first sentence of the exchange, dōu is referring to an object
+which occurs after the verb. When an object includes a question word, it
+is not placed before dōu in the sentence.
+
+Tā dōu qùguo shénme dìfang? What are all the places that he
+went to?
+
+Tā dōu niànguo shénme shū? What are all the books that she has
+read?
+
+Tā dōu māiguo shénme dōngxi? What are all the things that he
+bought ?
+
+The shi in Hángzhōu zhēn shi piàoliang has been added for emphasis. Shi
+is not required before adjectival verbs.
+
+6. A: Y3u Jīhui wǒ yào zài qù yícì.
+
+If I have the chance, I would like
+
+to go again.
+
+Notes on No. 6
+
+The adverb zài means “again” in talking about actions that have not
+been completed. (This adverb was translated previously in your text as
+“then” in commands.)
+
+Míngtiān zài lai ba!    Come again tomorrow.
+
+Qǐng ni zài shuō yícì.  Please say it again.
+
+Yícì means “one occurrence of going,” or “one trip,” in this sentence.
+(The English translation does not include an equivalent of yícì.)
+
+7. A: Zhèixiē dìfang nī dōu qùguo
+le ba?
+
+B: Mei dōu qùguo. Wo hái méi
+qùguo Sūzhōu.
+
+You have gone to all those places,
+I suppose?
+
+I haven’t been to all of them. I
+still haven’t been to Sūzhōu.
+
+Note on No. 7
+
+Měi dōu, “not all”: In the second sentence of exchange 7» the negative
+mei precedes the adverb dōu. Placing a negative before dōu instead of
+after it changes the meaning of the phrase. Compare the sentences below:
+
+Tāmen dōu bù lai.
+
+Tāmen bù dōu lai.
+
+They are all not coming. (All of
+them are not coming.)
+
+Not all of them are coming.
+
+Wǒ dōu mei qùguo.
+
+Wǒ mei dōu qùguo.
+
+I haven’t been to any of them.
+
+I haven’t been to all of them.
+
+8. huí gué to return to one's native country
+9-  huí jiā to come/go home
+10. huíqu   to go back
+11. rènao   to be lively/bustling/noisy
+12. yǒu yìsi    to be interesting
+13. méi(yǒu) yìsi   to be uninteresting
+14. suǒyī (suéyi)   therefore, so
+
+Note on Additional Required Vocabulary
+
+Suǒyī (also pronounced suoyi) is the word “therefore,” “so.”
+
+Wǒ hSn máng, suéyi méi qù.  I was very busy, so I didn’t go.
+
+In Chinese sentences expressing cause and result, the pattern yīnwei...
+suoyi... is preferred. English speakers often find difficulty in using
+this pattern because it sounds unnatural in English to say “Because I was
+very busy, so I didn’t go.” In English, either “because” or “so” would be
+
+omitted; but, in Chinese, both yīnwei
+
+Yīnwei wǒ hen máng, suéyi
+méi qù.
+
+Yīnwei tā shi hǎo xuésheng,
+suoyi laoshī dōu xīhuan ta.
+
+Yīnwei wǒ méiyou hùzhào,
+suóyi xiànzài wǒ hái bù
+néng líkāi.
+
+Yīnwei wǒ yào dào Zhōngguo
+qù, suoyi wǒ yào xué
+Zhōngwén.
+
+Yīnwei wǒ méiyou chē, suoyi
+wǒ bù néng zhùde lí
+xuéxiào tài yuān.
+
+Notice that suéyi always precedes the
+
+Suoyi may also mean “that’s why.,
+plane.” Suéyi ni shi zuō fēijī láide.
+suéyi is stressed.
+
+and suéyi are often retained.
+
+I was very busy, so I didn’t go.
+(OR “Because I was very busy,
+I didn’t go.")
+
+Because he is a good student, all
+the teachers like him.
+
+I don't have a passport, so I can't
+leave yet. (OR “Because I don't
+have a passport, I can't leave
+yet.")
+
+I have to learn Chinese because
+I'm going to go to China.
+
+I don't have a car, so I can't live
+too far away from school. (OR
+“Because I don’t have a car, I
+can't live too far away from
+school.")
+
+subject of the sentence.
+
+”: “That's why yǒu came here by
+When used this way, the word
+
+DRILLS
+
+A. Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Tā chū mén le. (He has gone out.)  2. Tā  dào Zhōngguo    qù  le.  3. Tā  niàn shū le.  4.    Tā  shàngqu le.  5. Tā  dào péngyou Jiā qù le.  6. Tā  lāi le.  T. Tā  huíqu le.  B. Expansion Drill  1.   Speaker: W8 yào kàn yíge péngyou. (I want to see a friend.)  2. Wō yào mǎi yiběn Zhongguo zìdian.  3.   Tā xiāng mǎi yige huāpíng.  4. Tā yào kànkan mùqin.  5. Tā dāsuan qù huàn yìdiān qián.  6. Tā xiǎng xué Zhōngwén.  7. Tā dǎsuan mǎi yìdiān dōngxi.    You: Tā yǒu chū mén le ma?  (Has he gone out again?)  Tā yùu dào Zhōngguo qù le ma?  Tā yōu niàn shu le ma?  Tā yǒu shàngqu le ma?  Tā yǒu dào péngyou Jiā qù le ma?  Tā yǒu lāi le ma?  Tā yòu huíqu le ma?  You: Wǒ zhèicì qù shi yào kàn yíge péngyou.  (The reason I’m going this time is Cthatl I want to see a friend.)  Wo zhèicì qù shi yào māi yìbSn Zhōngguo zìdiān.  Tā zhèicì qù shi xiāng māi yige huāpíng.  Tā zhèicì qù shi yào kànkan muqin.  Tā zhèicì qù shi dāsuan qù huàn yìdiān qiān.  Tā zhèicì qù shi xiāng xué Zhōngwén.  Tā zhèicì qù shi dāsuan māi yìdiān dōngxi.
+
+C. Substitution Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Wo yǒu yìniǎn méi qù
+le.
+
+(cue) kànjian ta
+
+(I haven’t gone for a
+year.)
+
+You: Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi kànjian ta
+le.
+
+(I haven’t seen him for a year.
+
+2. Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi kànjian ta le.
+dào Shànghǎi qù
+
+Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi dào Shànghǎi qù
+le.
+
+3. Wǒ yǒu yìnian méi dào Shànghǎi
+qù le. kàn Zhongwén bào
+
+Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi kàn Zhongwén bào
+le.
+
+4. Wo yǒu yìniǎn méi kàn Zhongwén
+bào le. qù kàn ta
+
+5. Wo yǒu yìniǎn méi qù kàn ta le.
+zuò fēijī
+
+6. Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi zuò fēijī le.
+dào zhèr lǎi
+
+Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi qù kàn ta le.
+
+Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi zuò fēijī le.
+
+Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi dào zhèr lái le.
+
+7. Wo yǒu yìniǎn méi dào zhèr lǎi
+le.
+
+D. Transformation Drill
+
+1- Speaker: Wǒ gēge qīng wo péi ta
+qù lùxíng.
+
+(My older brother asked
+me to accompany him
+tin his3 travels.)
+
+You: Wǒ děi péi wo gēge qù lǚxíng.
+(I must accompany my older
+brother Ein hisj travels.)
+
+2. Wǒ Jiějie qīng wo péi ta qù
+mǎi dōngxi.
+
+3. Wǒ àiren qīng wo péi ta qù
+kàn péngyou.
+
+4. Zhāng Tongzhì qīng wo péi ta
+dào Běijīng qù.
+
+5. Lī Téngzhì qīng wo péi ta dào
+béwùguǎn qù.
+
+Wǒ děi péi wǒ jiějie qù mǎi dongxi.
+
+Wǒ děi péi wǒ àiren qù kàn péngyou.
+
+Wǒ děi péi Zhāng Téngzhì dào
+Běijīng qù.
+
+Wǒ děi péi Lī Téngzhì dào béwùguǎn
+qù.
+
+6. Tā qǐng wo péi ta qù mǎi shū.
+
+Wǒ dei péi ta qù mǎi shū.
+
+7. Tā qǐng wo pei ta qù huàn qiǎn.
+
+Wǒ děi pěi ta qù huàn qiǎn.
+
+E. Substitution Drill
+
+1. Speaker:
+
+Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù
+zhīdào néng bu néng
+lǎi.
+
+(cue) shénme shíhou
+(At that time he did
+not yet know whether
+or not he would be
+able to come.)
+
+You: Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
+shénme shíhou lái.
+
+(At that time he did not yet
+know what time to come.)
+
+2. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
+shenme shíhou lái.
+
+xīngqījī
+
+3. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
+xīngqījī lái. kéyi bu keyi
+
+4. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
+keyi bu keyi lái. Jīyuè
+
+5. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
+Jīyuè lái. néng bu něng
+
+6. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
+něng bu něng lái. Jǐhào
+
+Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
+xīngqījī lái.
+
+Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào kéyi
+bu keyi lái.
+
+Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào Jīyuè
+lǎi.
+
+Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào néng
+bu něng lái.
+
+Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào jǐhào
+lǎi.
+
+7. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
+Jǐhào lái.
+
+F. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker： Nīmen dou qùguo shěnme
+dìfang?
+
+(cue) Shànghǎi,
+Nánjīng
+
+(What places did yǒu go
+to?)
+
+2. Nīmen dōu qùguo shěnme dìfang?
+nǐ shuode
+
+3. Nīmen dōu niànguo shěnme?
+zhàngzhixuě, JīngJixuě
+
+if. Nīmen dōu mǎi shěnme le?
+zhuōzi, pǎnziwǎn
+
+5. Nīmen zuětiān dōu mǎi shěnme le?
+shū, zázhì
+
+6. Nīmen dōu yào shěnme yǎnsède?
+lǎnde, hōngde
+
+7. Nīmen Jīntiān dōu qùguo shěnme
+dìfang ?    bōwùguǎn,
+
+zhǎnlǎnguǎn
+
+You: Shànghǎi, Nánjīng women dōu
+qù le,
+
+(We went to both Shànghǎi
+and Nánjīng.)
+
+Nǐ shuode nàixiē dìfang women dōu
+qù le.
+
+Zhèngzhixuě, JīngJixuě women dōu
+niàn le.
+
+Zhuōzi, pǎnziwǎn women dōu mǎi le
+
+Shū, zǎzhì wōmen dōu mǎi le.
+
+Lǎnde, hongde women dōu yào.
+
+Bowùguǎn, zhǎnlǎnguǎn women dōu
+qù le.
+
+G. Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Tāmen dōu lái le ma?
+(cue) not all
+
+(Did they all come?)
+
+2. Tāmen    dōu qù le ma?   none
+3. Tāmen    dōu zou le ma?  not all
+4. Tāmen    dōu mǎi le ma?  none
+5. Tāmen not    dōu mài Zhōngguo all    shū ma?
+
+6. Shànghǎi, Běijīng, Nánjīng
+tāmen dōu qùguo le ma?
+not all
+
+7. Tāmen dōu lǎiguo ma? none
+
+You: Tāmen měi dōu lái.
+
+(Not all of them came.)
+
+Tāmen dou měi qù.
+
+Tāmen měi dōu zōu.
+
+Tamen dōu měi mǎi.
+
+Tāmen bù dōu mài Zhōngguo shū,
+
+Tāmen měi dōu qùguo.
+
+Tamen dōu měi lǎiguo.
+
+H.  Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Wo míngtiān yào zài
+qù yícì.
+
+(Tomorrow I want to go
+again.)
+
+2. Tā hòutiān yào zài lái yícì.
+
+3. Tā míngnián yào zài niàn yícì.
+
+4. Wǒ xiàge yuè yào zài kàn yícì.
+
+5. Tā xiàge xīngqī yào zài zuò
+yícì.
+
+6. Wǒ xiàwǔ yào zài xué yícì.
+
+7. Tā xiàge Xīngqīyī yào zài kāi
+yícì.
+
+You: Wǒ zuétiān yǒu qùle yícì.
+
+(Yesterday I went again.)
+
+Tā qiántiān yǒu láile yícì.
+
+Tā qùnián yǒu niànle yícì.
+
+Wǒ shàngge yuè yǒu kànle yícì.
+
+Tà shàngge xīngqī yòu zuòle yícì.
+
+Wo shàngwǔ yòu xuele yícì.
+
+Tā shàngge Xīngqīyī yòu kSile yícì
+
+I. Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Nīmen dou qùguo shenme
+dìfang?
+
+(cue) zhèige dìfang
+(What places did you
+go to?)
+
+2. Nīmen dōu mǎi shénme le?
+shū
+
+3. Nīmen dōu yào shénme?
+mǎi lánde
+
+4. Nīmen dōu zhùguo shénme fàndiàn?
+nèige fàndiàn
+
+5. Nīmen dōu niànguo shénme?
+zhèngzhixué
+
+6. Nīmen dōu kàn shénme diànyīng
+le? zhèige diànyīng
+
+7. Nīmen dōu xing shénme? Lī
+
+You: Nīmen dōu qùguo zhèige dìfang
+ma?
+
+(Did all of yǒu go to this
+place?)
+
+Nīmen dōu mǎi shū le ma?
+
+Nīmen dōu yào mǎi lánde ma?
+
+Nīmen dōu zhùguo nèige fàndiàn ma?
+
+Nīmen dōu niànguo zhèngzhixué ma?
+
+Nīmen dōu kàn zhèige diànyīng le
+ma?
+
+Nīmen dōu xing Lī ma?
+
+Expansion Drill
+
+Speaker: Ta yǒu qù le.  (cue) huílai  (He’s gone again.)                You: Tā wèishénme gang huílai yǒu qù le ne?  (Why did he go again when he had just come back?)
+Ta  yǒu lai le. huíqu   Tā wèishénme le ne? gang huíqu yǒu lái
+Tā  yǒu zou le. huílai  Tā wèishénme le ne? gang huílai yǒu zou
+Tā  yǒu huíqu le.   lái Ta wèishénme le ne? gang lái yǒu huíqu
+Ta  yǒu huílai le.  lù  Tā wèishénme ne?    gang qù yǒu huílai le
+Tā  yǒu huílai le.  zou Tā wèishénme le ne? gang zǒu yǒu huílai
+Tā  yǒu qù le.  huílai  Tā wèishénme le ne? gang huílai yǒu qù