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<head>
  <title>Faire quelque chose et habitudes en chinois (Leçon 17) : Méthode de chinois — Chine Informations</title>
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<body>
  <h1>Faire quelque chose et habitudes en chinois - Leçon 17</h1>

  <h3>Sommaire de cette leçon</h3>

  <ul>
    <li><a href="#1.+vocabulaire">1. Vocabulaire</a></li>

    <li><a href="#2.+grammaire">2. Grammaire</a></li>

    <li><a href="#3.+dialogues">3. Dialogues</a></li>

    <li><a href="#4.+exercices">4. Exercices</a></li>
  </ul>

  <h2>1. Vocabulaire</h2>

  <h3>Verbes</h3>

  <table class="table1">
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <th></th>

        <th>
          Hanzi
        </th>

        <th>
          Pinyin
        </th>

        <th>
          Traduction
        </th>

        <th>
          Audio
        </th>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          1
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">在</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">zài</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          être en train de (faire quelque chose)
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/zai4.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          2
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">给</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">gěi</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          donner / faire quelque chose envers quelqu'un
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/gei3.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          3
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">看</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">kàn</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          regarder / lire
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/kan4.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          4
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">干</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">gàn</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          faire / traiter
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/gan4.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          5
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">聊天(儿)</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">liáotiānr</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          bavarder / discuter
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/liao2%2520tian1.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          6
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">打电话</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">dǎdiànhuà</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          appeler (au téléphone) / donner un coup de téléphone
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/da3dian4hua4.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          7
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">见面</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">jiànmiàn</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          se rencontrer
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/jian4mian4.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          8
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">爬山</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">páshān</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          gravir une montagne / faire de la randonnée en montagne
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/pa2shan1.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>

  <h3>Divers</h3>

  <table class="table1">
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <th></th>

        <th>
          Hanzi
        </th>

        <th>
          Pinyin
        </th>

        <th>
          Traduction
        </th>

        <th>
          Audio
        </th>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          1
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">一般</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">yībān</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          en général / d'ordinaire
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/yi1ban1.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          2
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">常</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">cháng</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          souvent
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/chang2.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          3
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">空(儿)</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">kòng(r)</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          temps libre
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/kong4.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          4
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">跟</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">gēn</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          avec (quelqu'un)
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/gen1.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          5
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">为什么</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">wèishénme</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          pourquoi?
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/wei4%2520shen2%2520me.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          6
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">电视</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">diànshì</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          télévision
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/dian4shi4.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          7
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">电影</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">diànyǐng</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          film
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/dian4ying3.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          8
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">晚上</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">wǎnshang</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          soir
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/wan3%2520shang.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          9
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">朋友</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">péngyou</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          ami
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/peng2%2520you.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          10
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">作业</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">zuòyè</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          devoir
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/zuo4%2520ye4.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          11
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">食堂</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">shítáng</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          cantine
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/shi2%2520tang2.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          12
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">门口</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">ménkǒu</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          (porte d') entrée
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/men2%2520kou3.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <td>
          13
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="hanzi">事(儿)</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          <span class="pinyin">shì(r)</span>
        </td>

        <td>
          question qui doit être réglée / affaire
        </td>

        <td>
          <audio src="../Audio/shi4.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
        </td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>


  <img src="../Images/ligne2.png"/>

  <h2>2. Grammaire</h2>

  <h3>A. "Être en train de (faire qch)" avec <span class="hanzist">在</span> <span class="pinyinst"> zài </span></h3>

  <p>Si dans les précédentes leçons nous avions appris l'utilisation du mot <span class="hanzi">在</span> <span class="pinyin"> zài </span>pour signifier "se situer (à)", nous allons voir dans cette leçon que le même mot est utiliser en chinois pour indiquer une action en cours.</p>

  <div class="deux">
    S + <span class="hanzist">在</span> + V (+ O)
  </div>

  <ul>
    <li><span class="hanzi">我 <span class="encadrerouge">在</span><span class="hanzi"> 取钱。</span></span> <br/><span class="pinyin"> Wǒ zài qǔ qián. </span> <br/>Je suis en train de retirer de l'argent.</li>

    <li><span class="hanzi">我 <span class="encadrerouge">在</span> 看 书。</span> <br/><span class="pinyin"> Wǒ zài kàn shū. </span><br/> Je suis en train de lire un livre.</li>
  </ul>

  <p>ATTENTION: S'il y a un adverbe de localité devant le verbe, le mot <span class="hanzi">在</span> <span class="pinyin"> zài </span> n'est pas répété deux fois dans la phrase.</p>

  <ul>
    <li><span class="hanzi">我 <span class="encadrerouge">在</span> 图书馆 看书呢。</span><br/> <span class="pinyin"> Wǒ zài túshūguǎn kànshū. </span> <span class="encadrerouge"><br/>et non <span style="text-decoration: line-through;"><span class="hanzi">我 在在 图书馆看书 / </span><span class="hanzi"> 我 在 图书馆 在 看书</span></span></span></li>
  </ul>

  <h3>B. "Avec quelqu'un"</h3>

  <div class="deux">
    S + <span class="hanzi">跟</span> + 人 + V
  </div>

  <ul>
    <li><span class="hanzi">我 <span class="encadrerouge">跟</span> 朋友 吃饭。</span> <br/><span class="pinyin"></span> <span class="pinyin">Wǒ gēn péngyǒu chīfàn. </span> <br/>Je mange avec des amis.</li>

    <li><span class="hanzi">王丽 <span class="encadrerouge">跟</span> 大卫 聊天儿。 </span><br/> <span class="pinyin"> Wáng Lì gēn Dàwèi liáotiānr. </span> <br/>Wang Li discute avec David.</li>

    <li><span class="hanzi">她 <span class="encadrerouge">跟</span> 大卫 见面。</span> <br/><span class="pinyin"></span> <span class="pinyin">Tā gēn Dàwèi jiànmiàn. </span><br/> Elle et David se rencontrent.</li>
  </ul>

  <h3>C. Donner et faire quelque chose à et envers quelqu'un</h3>

  <p>Précédant un objet, <span class="hanzi">给</span> <span class="pinyin"> gěi </span> est utiliser pour signifier que l'on donne quelque chose à quelqu'un ; situé devant un verbe, il indique que l'on fait quelque chose envers quelqu'un.</p>

  <div class="deux">
    S + <span class="hanzi">给</span> + 人 (+ O / V)
  </div>

  <ul>
    <li><span class="hanzi">我 <span class="encadrerouge">给</span> 他 一本书。</span><br/> <span class="pinyin"></span> <span class="pinyin">Wǒ gěi tā yī běn shū. </span><br/> Je lui donne un livre.</li>

    <li><span class="hanzi">我 <span class="encadrerouge">给</span> 妈妈 打电话 。</span><br/> <span class="pinyin"> Wǒ gěi māmā dǎ diànhuà. </span><br/> Je donne un coups de téléphone à ma maman.</li>
  </ul>

  <h3>D. Questions en "pourquoi" avec 为什么 <span class="pinyin"> wèishéme </span></h3>

  <p><span class="hanzi">为什么</span> <span class="pinyin"> wèishéme </span> s'utilise de la même manière que <span class="hanzi">怎么</span> <span class="pinyin"> zěnme </span> dans une phrase interrogative en chinois :</p>

  <div class="deux">
    S + <span class="hanzi">为什么</span> + V (+ O) + ?
  </div>

  <ul>
    <li><span class="hanzi">你妈妈 <span class="encadrerouge">为什么</span> 打的 去 上班？</span> <br/><span class="pinyin"> Nǐ māmā wèishéme dǎdi qù shàngbān? </span><br/> Pourquoi ta maman prend-elle le taxi pour se rendre au travail ?</li>

    <li><span class="hanzi">你 <span class="encadrerouge">为什么</span> 给 我 打电话？</span><br/> <span class="pinyin"> Nǐ wèishéme gěi wǒ dǎ diànhuà? </span> <br/>Pourquoi m'appelles-tu (au téléphone) ?</li>
  </ul>

  <h3>E. Utilisation de 一般 <span class="pinyin"> yībān </span> "en général"</h3>

  <div class="deux">
    <span class="hanzi">一般</span> + V (+ O)
  </div>

  <ul>
    <li><span class="hanzi">晚上 我 <span class="encadrerouge">一般</span> 做 作业 。</span> <br/><span class="pinyin"> wǎnshang wǒ yībān zuò zuòyè. </span><br/> En général, le soir je fais mes devoirs.</li>

    <li><span class="hanzi">我 <span class="encadrerouge">一般</span> 跟 朋友 聊天儿。</span><br/> <span class="pinyin"> Wǒ yībān gēn péngyǒu liáotiānr. </span> <br/>D'ordinaire, je discute avec des amis.</li>
  </ul>

  <img src="../Images/ligne2.png"/>

  <h2>3. Dialogues</h2>

  <h3>Dialogue N° 1</h3>

  <audio src="../Audio/17_1.mp3" controls="controls" id="17_1"></audio>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">你明天想干什么？</span><br/> <span class="pinyin">- Nǐ míngtiān xiǎng gàn shénme?</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">我们一起去看电影吧。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">- Wǒmen yīqǐ qù kàn diànyǐng ba.</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">行。我现在去买电影票。</span> <br/> <span class="pinyin">- Xíng. Wǒ xiànzài qù mǎi diànyǐng piào.</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">好。明天见！ </span> <br/><span class="pinyin">- Hǎo. Míngtiān jiàn! </span></p>

  <h3>Traduction</h3>

  <p>- Que veux-tu faire demain ?</p>

  <p>- J'aimerais que nous allions ensemble voir un film.</p>

  <p>- C'est d'accord. Je vais tout de suite acheter les tickets de cinéma.</p>

  <p>- Bien. À demain !</p>

  <h3>Dialogue N° 2</h3>

  <audio src="../Audio/17_2.mp3" controls="controls" id="17_2"></audio>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">喂！</span><br/> <span class="pinyin">- Wéi!</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">喂！是王丽吧？</span><br/> <span class="pinyin">- Wéi! Shì Wáng Lì ba?</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">是我。 你在干什么？</span> <br/><span class="pinyin">- Shì wǒ. Nǐ zài gàn shénme?</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">在看电视。 </span> <br/><span class="pinyin">- Zài kàn diànshì.</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">你晚上喜欢看电视吗？ </span><br/> <span class="pinyin">- Nǐ wǎnshang xǐhuan kàn diànshì ma?</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">喜欢。你呢？</span><br/> <span class="pinyin">- xǐhuan. Nǐ ne?</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">我不喜欢。晚上我一般做作业或者跟朋友聊天儿。 </span><br/> <span class="pinyin"></span><span class="pinyin">- Wǒ bù xǐhuan. wǎnshang wǒ yībān zuò zuoyè huòzhě gēn péngyǒu liáotiānr.</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">王丽，你为什么给我打电话？ </span><br/> <span class="pinyin"></span><span class="pinyin">- Wáng Lì nǐ wèishéme zěi wǒ dǎ diànhuà?</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">我明天中午跟一个朋友一起在食堂吃饭。你想不想来？</span> <br/><span class="pinyin">- Wǒ míngtiān zhōngwǔ gēn yī gè péngyǒu yīqǐ zài shítáng chīfàn. Nǐ xiǎng bù xiǎng lái?</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">想！咱们几点在哪儿见面？</span> <br/><span class="pinyin">- Xiǎng! Zánmen jǐ diǎn zài nǎr jiànmiàn?</span></p>

  <p>-<span class="hanzi"> 咱们十一点半在食堂门口见面吧。</span><br/> <span class="pinyin">- Zánmen shíyī diǎn bàn zài shítáng ménkǒu jiànmiàn ba.</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">好。明天见！</span><br/> <span class="pinyin"></span><span class="pinyin">- Hǎo. Míngtiān jiàn!</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">明天见！</span> <br/><span class="pinyin">- Míngtiān jiàn! </span></p>

  <h3>Traduction</h3>

  <p>- Allô !</p>

  <p>- Allô ! C'est Wang Li ?</p>

  <p>- Oui. Qu'es-tu en train de faire ?</p>

  <p>- Je suis en train de regarder la télévision.</p>

  <p>- Aimes-tu regarder la télé tous les soirs ?</p>

  <p>- Oui. Et toi ?</p>

  <p>- Non. En général, le soir je fais mes devoirs ou alors je discute avec des amis.</p>

  <p>- Wang Li, pourquoi m'appelles-tu ?</p>

  <p>- Demain midi je mange avec un ami à la cantine ; voudrais-tu venir ?</p>

  <p>- Oui ! À quelle heure et où nous rencontrerons-nous ?</p>

  <p>- On se voit à onze heures trente devant la porte d'entrée de la cantine.</p>

  <p>- OK. À demain !</p>

  <p>- À demain !</p>

  <h3>Dialogue N° 3</h3>

  <audio src="../Audio/17_3.mp3" controls="controls" id="17_3"></audio>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">喂，我是大卫。 你在干什么？</span><br/> <span class="pinyin">- Wèi, wǒ shì Dàwèi. Nǐ zài gàn shénme?</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">我在看书。有什么事儿？ </span> <br/><span class="pinyin">- Wǒ zài kàn shū. Yǒu shénme shìr?</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">你下个周末有空儿吗？</span><br/> <span class="pinyin">- Nǐ xià gè zhōumò yǒu kòngr ma?</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">有。为什么？</span><br/> <span class="pinyin"></span><span class="pinyin">- Yǒu. Wèishéme?</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">我想跟你一起去爬山。</span> <br/><span class="pinyin">- Wǒ xiǎng gēn nǐ yīqǐ qù páshān.</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">真的吗？我喜欢爬山！我周末常给爸爸妈妈打电话，常去爬山！</span><br/> <span class="pinyin">- Zhēnde ma? Wǒ xǐhuan páshān! Wǒ zhōumò cháng gěi bàba māmā dǎ diànhuà, cháng qù páshān!</span></p>

  <p>- <span class="hanzi">太好了！</span><br/> <span class="pinyin">- Tài hǎo le! </span></p>

  <h3>Traduction</h3>

  <p>- Allô, c'est David. Qu'es-tu en train de faire ?</p>

  <p>- Je lis un livre, qu'y a-t-il ?</p>

  <p>- As-tu du temps libre le week-end prochain ?</p>

  <p>- Oui. Pourquoi ?</p>

  <p>- Je voudrais aller avec toi faire de la randonnée en montagne.</p>

  <p>- Vraiment ? J'aime faire de la randonnée en montagne ! Le week-end, souvent j'appelle mes parents, souvent je fais de la randonnée !</p>

  <p>- Super !</p>

  <img src="../Images/ligne2.png"/>

  <h2>4. Exercices</h2>

  <h3>A. Répondez aux questions</h3>

  <p>Répondez en chinois aux questions suivantes en fonction des dialogues précédents.</p>

 
  <ol>
    <li><span class="hanzi">王丽喜欢看电视吗？大卫呢？</span><br/><span class="pinyin"> Wáng Lì xǐhuan kàn diànshì ma? Dàwèi ne?</span></li>

    <li><span class="hanzi">王丽跟大卫明天在哪儿吃饭？</span><br/><span class="pinyin"> Wáng Lì gēn Dàwèi míngtiān zài nǎr chīfàn?</span></li>

    <li><span class="hanzi">大卫下个周末想做什么？</span><br/><span class="pinyin"> Dàwèi xià gè zhōumò xiǎng zuò shénme?</span></li>

    <li><span class="hanzi">王丽周末常给谁打电话？</span><br/><span class="pinyin"> Wáng Lì zhōumò cháng gěi shéi dǎ diànhuà?</span></li>
  </ol>

 
  <h3>B. Exercice de substitution</h3>

  <p>Complétez la phrase suivante en fonction des propositions.</p>

  <p><span class="hanzi">我们在</span><span class="big" xml:lang="zh" lang="zh"></span><span class="grey" xml:lang="zh" lang="zh">____________</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="grey" lang="zh">____________</span><span class="hanzi">。</span></p>

  <p>Lieu</p>

  <p><span class="hanzi">银行 餐馆 图书馆 门口 </span></p>

  <p>Verbe</p>

  <p class="hanzi">看书 吃饭 见面 取钱</p>

  
  <img src="../Images/ligne2.png"/>
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