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Chinese-Chine-nouvelle


			
				
					
						
						
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    <h1>Leçon 16 - Au Restaurant -</h1>

    <div class="resume">
      Apprenez à lire un menu en chinois et à commander les plats. Grammaire : les verbes auxiliaires, exemples et exercices. Vocabulaire : Avez-vous un menu? Désirez-vous autre chose? L'addition s'il vous plait.
    </div>

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_571">Contenu de la leçon</h2>

      <div class="contents">
        <ul>
          <li>Conversation 1 : Au Restaurant</li>

          <li>Conversation 2 : Au Restaurant</li>

          <li>Grammaire</li>

          <li>Exercices de subsitution</li>
        </ul>
      </div>
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_572">Conversation 1 : Au Restaurant</h2>

      <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/16-01.mp3"></audio>

      <ul>
        <li>- <span class="hanzi">你们二位吃点儿什么？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Nǐmen èr wèi chī diǎnr shénme?</span><br/> - Qu'est-ce que ces deux messieurs souhaitent manger?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">有菜单吗？ 先看一下菜单。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu càidān ma ? Xiān kàn yíxià càidān.</span><br/> - Avez-vous le menu? Regardons d'abord une fois le menu.</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">这是菜单。你们先看一下。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Zhè shì càidān. Nǐmen xiān kàn yíxià.</span><br/> - Voici le menu? Regardez-le.</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">先来３个凉菜，一个拌黄瓜，一盘儿花生米，一个酱牛肉。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Xiān lǎi sān gè liángcài, yí gè bànhuángguā, yì pánr huāshēngmǐ, yí gè jiàngniúròu.</span><br/> - Pour commencer, 3 plats froids, une salade de concombre, des cacahuètes épelées et du bœuf sauce soja.<br/></li>
      </ul>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_573">Vocabulaire</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <thead>
            <tr class="header">
              <th>
                Hanzi
              </th>

              <th>
                Pinyin
              </th>

              <th>
                Type<br/>

                grammatical
              </th>

              <th>
                Traduction
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>

          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">位</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">wèi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (spé)
              </td>

              <td>
                (personne)
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">菜单</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">càidān</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                menu
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">先</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">xiān</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adv)
              </td>

              <td>
                d'abord
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">一下</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">yíxià</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                une fois
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">拌黄瓜</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">bànhuángguā</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                salade de concombre
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">盘</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">pán</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                plat
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">花生米</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">huāshēngmǐ</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                cacahuètes
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">酱牛肉</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">jiàngniúròu</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                bœuf sauce soja
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">支</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">zhī</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (spé)
              </td>

              <td>
                (animaux)
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">鱼香肉丝</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">yúxiāngròusī</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                émincé de porc "senteur poisson"
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_574">Conversation 2 : Au Restaurant</h2>

      <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/16-01.mp3"></audio>

      <ul>
        <li>- <span class="hanzi">热菜呢？ 要什么热菜？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Rècài ne ? Yào shénme rècài?</span><br/> - Et comme plats chauds ? Que voulez-vous comme plats chauds?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">来半支烤鸭，一个鱼香肉丝。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Lái bàn zhī kǎoyā, yí gè yúxiāngròusī.</span><br/> - Nous prendrons un demi canard laqué et du porc émincé "saveur poisson".</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">要什么汤？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Yào shénme tāng?</span><br/> - Et quelle soupe voulez-vous?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">一个西红柿鸡蛋汤，一碗米饭。 拿３个杯子。他不会用筷子，您给拿个勺子和一副刀子，叉子。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Yí gè xīhóngshì jīdàn tāng, yì wǎn mǐfàn. Ná sān gè bēizi. Tā bú huì yòng kuàizi, nín gěi ná gè sháozi hé yí fù dāozi, chāzi.</span><br/> - Une soupe œuf tomate, et un bol de riz. Amenez 3 verres. Il ne sait pas se servir de baguettes, s'il vous plait apportez lui une cuillère et une paire de couteau fourchette.</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">还要什么吗？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Hái yào shénme ma?</span><br/> - Désirez-vous encore quelque-chose?</li>

        <li>- 不<span class="hanzi">要了。 ... ... 小姐，结账。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Bú yào le. ... ... Xiǎojiě, jiézhàng.</span><br/> - Non... Mademoiselle, l'addition s'il vous plait.<br/></li>
      </ul>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_575">Vocabulaire</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <thead>
            <tr class="header">
              <th>
                Hanzi
              </th>

              <th>
                Pinyin
              </th>

              <th>
                Type<br/>

                grammatical
              </th>

              <th>
                Traduction
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>

          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">汤</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">tāng</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                soupe
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">碗</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">wǎn</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                bol
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">拿</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">ná</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                prendre
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">杯子</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">bēizi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                verre
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">会</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">huì</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                savoir, être capable de
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">用</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">yòng</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                utiliser
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">筷子</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">kuàizi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                baguettes
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">给</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">gěi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                donner
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">勺子</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">sháozi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                cuillère
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">副</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">fù</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (spé)
              </td>

              <td>
                (une paire de)
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">刀子</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">dāozi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                couteau
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">叉子</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">chāzi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                fourchette
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">了</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">le</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (part)
              </td>

              <td>
                (particule modale)
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">结账</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">jiézhàng</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                l'addition
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_576">Grammaire</h2>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_577">La particule modale <span class="hanzist">了</span></h3>

        <p>Lorsque la particule modale <span class="hanzi">了</span> est ajoutée en fin de phrase, cela indique un changement de situation.</p>

        <p>Exemples:</p>

        <div class="exemple">
          <ul>
            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我不要 了。</span><br/>- <br/>-</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我不去上海 了。</span><br/>- <br/>-</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我是老师 了。</span><br/>- <br/>-</li>
          </ul>
        </div>
      

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_578">Les verbes auxiliaires <span class="hanzist">会, 想, 要, 应, 该</span></h3>

        <p>Les verbes auxiliaires comme 会, 想, 要, 应 et 该 sont le plus souvent utilisés devant d'autres verbes pour exprimer la capacité, la possibilité, l'intention, ou le devoir.</p>

        <p>Exemples:</p>

        <div class="exemple">
          <ul>
            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我 会 用筷子。</span><br/>- <br/> Je sais utiliser des baguettes.</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我喜欢 吃中餐。</span><br/>- <br/> J'aime manger la cuisine chinoise.</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我想 去北京。</span><br/>- <br/> J'aimerais aller à Pékin.</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">你应该 买一张地图。</span><br/>- <br/> Tu devrais acheter un plan.<br/></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
      
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_579">Exercices de subsitution</h2>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_580">Exercice 1</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">你们二位吃点儿什么？</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Nǐmen èr wèi chī diǎnr shénme?</span>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">来一<span class="encadrerouge">只</span><span class="encadrerouge">烤鸭</span>。</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Lái yì <span class="encadrerouge">zhī</span> <span class="encadrerouge">kǎoyā</span>.</span>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>

        <table class="table1">
          <thead>
            <tr class="header">
              <th>
                Spécificatif
              </th>

              <th></th>

              <th>
                Noun
              </th>

              <th></th>

              <th></th>
            </tr>
          </thead>

          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">个</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">gè</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">凉菜</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">liángcài</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                plat froid
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">个</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">gè</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">下酒菜</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">xiàjiǔcài</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                plat froid
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">盘儿</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">pánr</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">花生米</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">huāshēngmǐ</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                cacahuètes
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">碗</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">wǎn</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">米饭</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">mǐfàn</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                riz
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">杯</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">bēi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">啤酒</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">píjiǔ</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                bière
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_581">Exercice 2</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">有<span class="encadrerouge">菜单</span>吗？</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu <span class="encadrerouge">càidān</span> ma?</span>
              </td>

              <td></td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">有，这是<span class="encadrerouge">菜单</span>。</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu，zhè shì <span class="encadrerouge">càidān</span>.</span>
              </td>

              <td></td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">包子</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">bāozi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                pain vapeur
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">面条</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">miàntiáo</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                nouilles
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">饺子</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">jiǎozi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                ravioli
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">烤鸭</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">kǎoyā</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                canard laqué
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">鱼</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">yú</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                poisson
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_582">Exercice 3</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">还要什么吗？</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Hái yào shénme ma?</span>
              </td>

              <td></td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">拿<span class="encadrerouge">三</span><span class="encadrerouge">个</span><span class="encadrerouge">凉菜</span>。</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Ná <span class="encadrerouge">sān</span> <span class="encadrerouge">gè</span> <span class="encadrerouge">liángcài</span>.</span>
              </td>

              <td></td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>

        <table class="table1">
          <thead>
            <tr class="header">
              <th>
                Quantitatif
              </th>

              <th>
                Spécificatif
              </th>

              <th>
                Nom
              </th>

              <th></th>

              <th></th>

              <th></th>

              <th></th>
            </tr>
          </thead>

          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">两</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">liǎng</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">个</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">gè</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">面包</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">miànbāo</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                pain
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                1
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">yì</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">把</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">bǎ</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">刀子</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">dāozi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                couteau
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                3
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">sǎn</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">副</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">fù</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">筷子</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">kuàizi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                baguettes
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                1
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">yì</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">张</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">zhāng</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">餐巾纸</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">cānjīnzhǐ</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                serviette
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                5
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">wǔ</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">瓶</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">píng</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">红酒</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">hóngjiǔ</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                vin
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>

        <p><span id="lesson17.xhtml"></span></p>
      
    
  
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