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Chinese-Chine-nouvelle


			
				
					
						
						
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  <section id="leçon-24---moyens-de-transport" class="level1">
    <h1>Leçon 24 - Moyens de transport</h1>

    <div class="resume">
      Vocabulaire: Prendre l'avion, prendre le train. Comment te rends-tu à l'école? Où es-tu allé hier? Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.
    </div>

    <section id="lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_268" class="level2">
      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_672">Contenu de la leçon</h2>

      <div class="contents">
        <ul>
          <li>Conversation 1 : Comment te rends-tu à l'école?</li>

          <li>Conversation 2 : Où es-tu allé hier?</li>

          <li>Conversation 3 : Pourquoi n'as-tu pas pris le bus?</li>

          <li>Conversation 4 : Vas-tu à Dalian en avion ou en train?</li>

          <li>Grammaire</li>

          <li>Exercices de substitution</li>
        </ul>
      </div>
    

    <section id="lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_269" class="level2">
      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_673">Conversation 1 : Comment te rends-tu à l'école?</h2>

      <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/24-01.mp3"></audio>

      <ul>
        <li>- <span class="hanzi">每天你怎么来教室上课？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Měitiān nǐ zěnme lái jiàoshì shàng kè?</span><br/> - Comment viens-tu en classe tous les jours pour les cours?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">我走着来。你呢？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ zǒu zhe lái. Nǐ ne?</span><br/> - A pied. Et toi?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">我骑车来。我买了一辆自行车。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ qí chē lái. Wǒ mǎi le yī liàng zì xíng chē.</span><br/> - A bicyclette. J'ai acheté une bicyclette.<br/></li>
      </ul>

      <section id="vocabulaire-47" class="level3">
        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_674">Vocabulaire</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <thead>
            <tr class="header">
              <th>
                Hanzi
              </th>

              <th>
                Pinyin
              </th>

              <th>
                Type<br/>

                grammatical
              </th>

              <th>
                Traduction
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>

          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">怎么</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">zěnme</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (pro)
              </td>

              <td>
                comment
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">教室</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">jiàoshì</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                salle de classe
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">走</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">zǒu</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                marcher
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">着</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">zhe</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (part)
              </td>

              <td>
                (particule verbale)
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">骑</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">qí</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                monter (à cheval, à bicyclette)
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">车</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">chē</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                véhicule
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">辆</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">liàng</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (m)
              </td>

              <td>
                (spécificatif pour véhicule)
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">自行车</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">zìxíngchē</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                bicyclette
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">了</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">le</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (part)
              </td>

              <td>
                (particule modale)
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      
    

    <section id="lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_270" class="level2">
      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_675">Conversation 2 : Où es-tu allé hier?</h2>

      <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/24-02.mp3"></audio>

      <ul>
        <li>- <span class="hanzi">昨天你去哪儿了？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Zuótiān nǐ qù nǎr le?</span><br/> - Où es-tu allé hier?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">我进城玩儿去了。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ jìn chéng wánr qù le.</span><br/> - Je suis allé m'amuser en ville.</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">你也是骑车去的吗？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ yě shì qí chē qù de ma?</span><br/> - Tu y es aussi allé à bicyclette?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">不，我是坐出租车去的。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Bù, wǒ shì zuò chūzūchē qù de.</span><br/> - Non, j'y suis allé en taxi.<br/></li>
      </ul>

      <section id="vocabulaire-48" class="level3">
        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_676">Vocabulaire</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <thead>
            <tr class="header">
              <th>
                Hanzi
              </th>

              <th>
                Pinyin
              </th>

              <th>
                Type<br/>

                grammatical
              </th>

              <th>
                Traduction
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>

          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">进</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">jìn</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                entrer
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">城</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">chéng</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                ville
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">玩儿</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">wánr</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                s'amuser
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">坐</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">zuò</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                s'assoir, se déplacer en...
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">出租</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">chūzū</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adj)
              </td>

              <td>
                louer
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">出租车</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">chūzūchē</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                taxi
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      
    

    <section id="lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_271" class="level2">
      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_677">Conversation 3 : Pourquoi n'as-tu pas pris le bus?</h2>

      <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/24-03.mp3"></audio>

      <ul>
        <li>- <span class="hanzi">你怎么不坐公共汽车呀？ </span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zěnme bú zuò gōnggòng qìchē ya?</span><br/> - Pourquoi n'as-tu pas pris le bus?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">车上人太多，而且又太慢。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Chēshàng rén tài duō, érqiě yòu tài màn.</span><br/> - Il y a trop de gens dans le bus, de plus c'est trop lent.</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">你可以坐地铁或者开车去呀？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ kěyǐ zuò dìtiě huòzhě kāi chē qù ya?</span><br/> - Tu pouvais prendre le métro ou y aller en voiture?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">那儿没地铁站。我不会开车。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Nàr méi dìtiězhàn. Wǒ bú huì kāi chē.</span><br/> - Il n'y a pas de station de métro là-bas. Je ne sais pas conduire.<br/></li>
      </ul>

      <section id="vocabulaire-49" class="level3">
        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_678">Vocabulaire</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <thead>
            <tr class="header">
              <th>
                Hanzi
              </th>

              <th>
                Pinyin
              </th>

              <th>
                Type<br/>

                grammatical
              </th>

              <th>
                Traduction
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>

          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">汽车</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">qìchē</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                voiture
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">公共</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">gōnggòng</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adj)
              </td>

              <td>
                commun, publique
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">公共汽车</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">gōnggòngqìchē</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                transports en commun, bus
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">车上</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">chēshang</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                dans le bus
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">而且</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">érqiě</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (conj)
              </td>

              <td>
                deplus
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">又</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">yòu</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (conj)
              </td>

              <td>
                et, aussi
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">地铁</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">dìtiě</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                métro
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">站</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">zhàn</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                station
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">或者</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">huòzhě</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (conj)
              </td>

              <td>
                ou
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">开车</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">kāichē</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                conduire une voiture
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      
    

    <section id="lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_272" class="level2">
      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_679">Conversation 4 : Vas-tu à Dalian en avion ou en train?</h2>

      <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/24-04.mp3"></audio>

      <ul>
        <li>- <span class="hanzi">你坐飞机还是坐火车去大连？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zuò fēijī háishì zuò huǒchē qù Dàlián?</span><br/> - Vas-tu à Dalian en avion ou en train?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">我打算坐飞机去，坐船回来。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ dǎsuàn zuò fēijī qù, zuò chuán huílai.</span><br/> - Je compte y aller en avion et revenir en bateau.<br/></li>
      </ul>

      <section id="vocabulaire-50" class="level3">
        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_680">Vocabulaire</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <thead>
            <tr class="header">
              <th>
                Hanzi
              </th>

              <th>
                Pinyin
              </th>

              <th>
                Type<br/>

                grammatical
              </th>

              <th>
                Traduction
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>

          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">飞机</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">fēijī</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                avion
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">火车</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">huǒchē</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                train
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">船</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">chuán</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                bateau
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">回来</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">huílai</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                rentrer, revenir
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      
    

    <section id="lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_273" class="level2">
      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_681">Grammaire</h2>

      <section id="lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_274" class="level3">
        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_682">Syntaxe</h3>

        <p>Il existe une tournure de phrase dans laquelle le premier verbe modifie l'action exprimée par le second.</p>

        <p>Exemples:</p>

        <div class="exemple">
          <ul>
            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我 坐 汽车 来 教室。</span><br/> - <br/>- Je viens en voiture en salle de cours.</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我 骑 车 回来 。</span><br/> - <br/>- Je rentre en bicyclette.</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">他 开 车 去 。</span><br/> - <br/>- Il y va en voiture.<br/></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
      

      <section id="lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_275" class="level3">
        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_683">La particule verbale <span class="hanzist">了</span> après le verbe</h3>

        <p>Lorsque la particule <span class="hanzi">了</span> (<span class="pinyin">le</span>) suit le verbe, cela indique que l'action est accomplie.</p>

        <p>Exemples:</p>

        <div class="exemple">
          <ul>
            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我 买 了 一 辆 自行车。</span><br/> - <br/>- J'ai acheté un vélo.</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">他 喝 了 两 杯 茶。</span><br/> - <br/>- J'ai bu deux verre de thé.<br/></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
      

      <section id="lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_276" class="level3">
        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_684">La particule modale <span class="hanzist">了</span> en fin de phrase</h3>

        <p>Lorsque la particule <span class="hanzi">了</span> (<span class="pinyin">le</span>) est ajoutée en fin de phrase, cela indique un changement de situation.</p>

        <p>La forme négative est obtenue en ajoutant <span class="hanzi">没</span> (<span class="pinyin">méi</span>) or <span class="hanzi">没有</span> (<span class="pinyin">méiyǒu</span>) devant le verbe et sans <span class="hanzi">了</span> en fin de phrase.</p>

        <p>Exemples:</p>

        <div class="exemple">
          <ul>
            <li>- <span class="hanzi">昨天　你　去　哪儿 了？</span><br/> - <br/>- Où es-tu allé hier?</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我　去　商店 了。</span><br/> - <br/>- Je suis allé au magasin.</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我　没去　商店。</span><br/> - <br/>- Je ne suis pas allé au magasin.<br/></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
      
    

    <section id="lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_277" class="level2">
      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_685">Exercices de substitution</h2>

      <section id="lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_278" class="level3">
        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_686">Exercice 1</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">你怎么<span class="encadrerouge">去</span>？</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zěnme <span class="encadrerouge">qù</span>?</span>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">我<span class="encadrerouge">骑</span><span class="encadrerouge"><span class="encadrerouge">自行车</span>去</span> 。</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ <span class="encadrerouge">qí</span> <span class="encadrerouge">zìxíngchē</span> <span class="encadrerouge">qù</span>.</span>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>

        <p><br/></p>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <th colspan="2">
                <p>Verbe 1</p>
              </th>

              <th colspan="2">
                <p>Nom</p>
              </th>

              <th colspan="2">
                <p>Verbe 2</p>
              </th>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">坐</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">zuò</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">汽车</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">qìchē</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">来</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">lái</span></p>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">开</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">kāi</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">车</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">chē</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">回来</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">huílái</span></p>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">坐</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">zuò</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">火车</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">huǒchē</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">回去</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">huíqù</span></p>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      

      <section id="lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_279" class="level3">
        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_687">Exercice 2</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">你坐<span class="encadrerouge">飞机</span>还是坐<span class="encadrerouge">火车</span>去？</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zuò <span class="encadrerouge">fēijī</span> háishì zuò <span class="encadrerouge">huǒchē</span> qù?</span>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">我打算坐<span class="encadrerouge">飞机</span>去 。</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ dǎsuàn zuò <span class="encadrerouge">fēijī</span> qù.</span>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>

        <p><br/></p>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <th colspan="3">
                <p>Nom 1</p>
              </th>

              <th colspan="3">
                <p>Nom 2</p>
              </th>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">地铁</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">dìtiě</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>métro</p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">电车</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">diànchē</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>tramway</p>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">火车</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">huǒchē</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>train</p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">汽车</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">qìchē</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>voiture</p>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">飞机</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">fēijī</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>avion</p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">船</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">chuán</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>bateau</p>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">出租 汽车</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">chūzū qìchē</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>taxi</p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">公共 汽车</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">gōnggòng qìchē</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>bus</p>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      

      <section id="lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_280" class="level3">
        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_688">Exercice 3</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">你</span>会<span class="encadrerouge">开车</span>吗？</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Nǐ</span> huì <span class="encadrerouge">kāichē</span> ma?</span>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">我不会<span class="encadrerouge">开车</span> 。</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ bú huì <span class="encadrerouge">kāichē</span>.</span>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>

        <p><br/></p>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <th colspan="2">
                <p>Sujet</p>
              </th>

              <th colspan="2">
                <p>Action</p>
              </th>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">他</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">tā</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">开汽车</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">kāi qìchē</span></p>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">你朋友</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">nǐ péngyou</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">开汽车</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">kāi qìchē</span></p>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">他爸爸</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">tā bàba</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">开飞机</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">kāi fēijī</span></p>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>

        <p><span id="lesson25.xhtml"></span></p>
      
    
  
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