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Chinese-Chine-nouvelle


			
				
					
						
						
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    <h1>Leçon 2: Phonétique, Merci</h1>

    <div class="resume">
      Prononciation du Pinyin, règles d'écriture, finale rétroflexe. Vocabulaire : Désolé, Merci, A demain
    </div>

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_367">Contenu de la leçon</h2>

      <div class="contents">
        <ul>
          <li>Règle d'écriture phonétiqe</li>

          <li>Différenciation des sons</li>

          <li>Les tons</li>

          <li>Le ton neutre</li>

          <li>La finale rétroflexe</li>

          <li>Conversation</li>

          <li>Exercices de calligraphie</li>
        </ul>
      </div>
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_368">Règle d'écriture phonétique</h2>

      <table class="table1">
        <caption><a href="../Text/ch033.xhtml">Table de prononciation du Pinyin</a></caption>

        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td>
              1
            </td>

            <td>
              zi ci si
            </td>

            <td>
              =
            </td>

            <td>
              z c s
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              2
            </td>

            <td>
              zhi chi shi
            </td>

            <td>
              =
            </td>

            <td>
              zh ch sh
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              3
            </td>

            <td>
              ju jue juan jun<br/>

              qu que quan qun<br/>

              xu xue xuan xun
            </td>

            <td>
              =<br/>

              =<br/>

              =
            </td>

            <td>
              jü jüe jüan jün<br/>

              qü qüe qüan qün<br/>

              xü xüe xüan xün
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              4
            </td>

            <td>
              yu yue yuan yun
            </td>

            <td>
              =
            </td>

            <td>
              ü üe üan ün
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              5
            </td>

            <td>
              ya ye yao you<br/>

              yan yin ying yang<br/>

              yong
            </td>

            <td>
              =<br/>

              =<br/>

              =
            </td>

            <td>
              ia ie iao iou<br/>

              ian in ing iang<br/>

              iong
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              6
            </td>

            <td>
              wu wa wo wai<br/>

              wei wan wen wang<br/>

              weng
            </td>

            <td>
              =<br/>

              =<br/>

              =
            </td>

            <td>
              u ua uo uai<br/>

              uei uan uen uang<br/>

              ueng
            </td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_369">Différenciation des sons</h2>

      <table class="table1">
        <caption><a href="../Text/ch033.xhtml">Table de prononciation du Pinyin</a></caption>

        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td>
              1
            </td>

            <td>
              bo po
            </td>

            <td>
              ba pa
            </td>

            <td>
              bi pi
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              2
            </td>

            <td>
              de te
            </td>

            <td>
              da ta
            </td>

            <td>
              di ti
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              3
            </td>

            <td>
              ge ke
            </td>

            <td>
              ge ka
            </td>

            <td>
              gu ku
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              4
            </td>

            <td>
              ji qi
            </td>

            <td>
              jia qia
            </td>

            <td>
              jiu qiu
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              5
            </td>

            <td>
              zi ci
            </td>

            <td>
              za ca
            </td>

            <td>
              ze ce
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              6
            </td>

            <td>
              zhi chi
            </td>

            <td>
              zha cha
            </td>

            <td>
              zhe che
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              7
            </td>

            <td>
              yin ying
            </td>

            <td>
              lin ling
            </td>

            <td>
              jin jing
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              8
            </td>

            <td>
              yan yang
            </td>

            <td>
              gan gang
            </td>

            <td>
              kan kang
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              9
            </td>

            <td>
              gen geng
            </td>

            <td>
              men meng
            </td>

            <td>
              fen feng
            </td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_370">Les tons</h2>

      <table class="table1">
        <caption><a href="../Text/ch033.xhtml">Table de prononciation du Pinyin</a></caption>

        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">bā bá bǎ bà</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">bū bú bǔ bù</span>
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">kē ké kě kè</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">qī qí qǐ qì</span>
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">xiē xié xiě xiè</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">mēi méi měi mèi</span>
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">guān guán guǎn guàn</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">xī xí xǐ xì</span>
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">duī duí duǐ duì</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">mīng míng mǐng mìng</span>
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">tiān tián tiǎn tiàn</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">yī yí yǐ yì</span>
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">huī huí huǐ huì</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">xiū xiú xiǔ xiù</span>
            </td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_371">Le ton neutre</h2>

      <p>En Chinois, de nombreuses syllabes ne sont pas accentuées, on parle alors du ton "neutre", indiqué par l'absence de marque sur la voyelle.</p>

      <table class="table1">
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">妈妈</span> <span class="pinyin">māma</span>  : maman
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">爱人</span> <span class="pinyin">àiren</span>  : époux, épouse
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">爸爸</span> <span class="pinyin">bàba</span>  : papa
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">孩子</span> <span class="pinyin">háizi</span>  : enfant(s)
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">哥哥</span> <span class="pinyin">gēge</span>  : frère ainé
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">关系</span> <span class="pinyin">guānxi</span>  : relation
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">弟弟</span> <span class="pinyin">dìdi</span>  : frère cadet
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">谢谢</span> <span class="pinyin">xièxie</span>  : merci
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">姐姐</span> <span class="pinyin">jiějie</span>  : sœur ainée
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">客气</span> <span class="pinyin">kèqi</span>  : poli
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">妹妹</span> <span class="pinyin">mèimei</span>  : sœur cadette
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">休息</span> <span class="pinyin">xiūxi</span>  : se reposer
            </td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_372">Exercice de calligraphie</h2>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_373">(Cliquez sur le caractère pour voir sa fiche détaillée)</h3>
      
    

      <p><span class="hanzist">爸</span> <span class="hanzist">妈</span> <span class="hanzist">哥</span> <span class="hanzist">弟</span> <span class="hanzist">姐</span> <span class="hanzist">妹</span></p>

      <p><img src="../Images/file34.jpg" alt="img43.jpeg"/></p>

      <p><img src="../Images/file35.jpg" alt="img44.jpeg"/></p>
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_375">La finale rétroflexe</h2>

      <p>La finale <span class="hanzi">儿</span> "<span class="pinyin">er</span>" est souvent ajoutée à une autre finale pour former ce que l'on appelle une finale rétroflexe. Dès lors elle n'est plus considérée comme une syllabe indépendante.<br/> Une finale rétroflexe s'écrit en ajoutant "<span class="vert">r</span>" à la finale originale.</p>

      <table class="table1">
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">huì</span> + <span class="pinyin">er</span> ⇒ <span class="pinyin">huìr</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">yíhuìr</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">一会儿</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              un moment
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">diǎn</span> + <span class="pinyin">er</span> ⇒ <span class="pinyin">diǎnr</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">yìdiǎnr</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">一点儿</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              un peu
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">nǎ</span> + <span class="pinyin">er</span> ⇒ <span class="pinyin">nǎr</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">nǎr</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">哪儿</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              où
            </td>
          </tr>

          <tr>
            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">zhè</span> + <span class="pinyin">er</span> ⇒ <span class="pinyin">zhèr</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="pinyin">zhèr</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              <span class="hanzi">这儿</span>
            </td>

            <td>
              ici
            </td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_376">Conversation et Vocabulaire</h2>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_377">Dialogue</h3>

        <ul>
          <li><audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/02-01.mp3"></audio>

<br/> - <span class="hanzi">对不起!</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Dubùqǐ!</span><br/> - Désolé!</li>

          <li><audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/02-02.mp3"></audio>

<br/> - <span class="hanzi">没关系!</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Méiguānxi!</span><br/> - <span>Ce n'est rien !</span></li>

          <li><audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/02-03.mp3"></audio>

<br/> - <span class="hanzi">谢谢 ！</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Xièxie!</span><br/> - <span>Merci !</span></li>

          <li><audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/02-04.mp3"></audio>

<br/> - <span class="hanzi">不客气 ！</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Búkèqi!</span><br/> - <span>De rien !</span></li>

          <li><audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/02-05.mp3"></audio>

<br/> - <span class="hanzi">明天见！</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Míngtiān jiàn!</span><br/> - <span>A demain !</span></li>

          <li><audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/02-06.mp3"></audio>

<br/> - <span class="hanzi">休息一会儿！</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Xiūxi yíhuìr !</span><br/> - <span>Repose-toi !</span></li>

          <li><audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/02-07.mp3"></audio>

<br/> - <span class="hanzi">好吧 ！</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">hǎo ba!</span><br/> - <span>D'accord !</span></li>
        </ul>
      

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_378">Vocabulaire</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">对不起！</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Duì bù qǐ</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (expr.)
              </td>

              <td>
                Désolé!
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">没</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">méi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adv)
              </td>

              <td>
                ne pas...
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">关系</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">guānxi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                relation
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">没关系！</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Méi guānxi!</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (expr.)
              </td>

              <td>
                Ce n'est rien !
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">谢谢！</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Xièxie</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (expr.)
              </td>

              <td>
                Merci !
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">不</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">bú</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adv)
              </td>

              <td>
                ne pas
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">客气</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">kèqi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adj)
              </td>

              <td>
                poli
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">不客气！</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">bú kèqi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (expr.)
              </td>

              <td>
                de rien !
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">明天</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">míngtiān</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adv)
              </td>

              <td>
                demain
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">见</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">jiàn</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                voir
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">明天见！</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Míngtiān jiàn!</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (expr.)
              </td>

              <td>
                A demain !
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">休息</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">xiūxi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                se reposer
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">一会儿</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">yíhuìr</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                un moment
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">休息一会儿！</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">xiūxi yíhuìr!</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (expr.)
              </td>

              <td>
                Repose-toi !
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">好</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">hǎo</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adj)
              </td>

              <td>
                bien
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">好吧！</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">hǎo ba</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (expr.)
              </td>

              <td>
                D'accord !
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_379">Exercice de calligraphie</h2>

      <p>20 nouveaux caractères </p>
    

      <p><span class="hanzi">爸妈哥弟姐妹对不起没关系谢明天休息会儿吧</span></p>

      <ul>
        <li><img src="../Images/file36.jpg" alt="img45.jpeg"/><br/></li>

        <li><img src="../Images/file37.jpg" alt="img46.jpeg"/><br/></li>

        <li><img src="../Images/file36.jpg" alt="img45.jpeg"/><br/></li>

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