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Chinese-comet.cls.yale.edu-grammar


			
				
					
						
						
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  <div class="grisleger">
    II. Compound directional complements
  </div>

  <ol type="A">
    <li><div class="gris">
      A. What is the compound directional complement?
    </div>

    <p>When the combination of a verb of motion and lái 来 or qù 去 (see Table 2.) is suffixed to a verb to show the direction of the movement, it is called the compound directional complement. Compound directional complements are used in the same way as simple directional complements.</p>

    <table class="table2">
      <caption>Table 2. Compound Directional Complements</caption>

      <tbody>
        <tr>
          <th>
            Verb +
          </th>

          <th colspan="8">
            Compound directional complements
          </th>
        </tr>

        <tr>
          <td rowspan="2" style="width:15%;font-size:60%;">
            Verbs that indicate moving or transporting objects, such as <span class="pinyin">bān</span> <span class="hanzi">搬</span> (to move), <span class="pinyin">ná</span> <span class="hanzi">拿</span> (to take or bring), or <span class="pinyin">sòng</span> <span class="hanzi">送</span> (to deliver, carry or escort), and body movements, such as <span class="pinyin">zǒu</span> <span class="hanzi">走</span> (to walk) or <span class="pinyin">pǎo</span> <span class="hanzi">跑</span> (to run) frequently take compound directional complements.
          </td>

          <td>
            <span class="pinyin">shànglai</span> <br/>

            <span class="hanzi">上来</span> <br/>

            come up
          </td>

          <td>
            <span class="pinyin">xiàlai</span> <br/>

            <span class="hanzi">下来</span> <br/>

            come down
          </td>

          <td>
            <span class="pinyin">jìnlai</span> <br/>

            <span class="hanzi">进来</span> <br/>

            come in(to)
          </td>

          <td>
            <span class="pinyin">chūlai</span> <br/>

            <span class="hanzi">出来</span> <br/>

            come out
          </td>

          <td>
            <span class="pinyin">huílai</span> <br/>

            <span class="hanzi">回来</span> <br/>

            come back
          </td>

          <td>
            <span class="pinyin">guòlai</span> <br/>

            <span class="hanzi">过来</span> <br/>

            come over
          </td>

          <td>
            <span class="pinyin">qǐlai</span> <br/>

            <span class="hanzi">起来</span> <br/>

            get up
          </td>

          <td>
            <span class="pinyin">dào ... lái</span> <br/>

            <span class="hanzi">到 ... 来</span> <br/>

            come to
          </td>
        </tr>

        <tr>
          <td>
            <span class="pinyin">shàngqu</span> <br/>

            <span class="hanzi">上去</span> <br/>

            go up
          </td>

          <td>
            <span class="pinyin">xiàqu</span> <br/>

            <span class="hanzi">下去</span> <br/>

            go down
          </td>

          <td>
            <span class="pinyin">jìnqu</span> <br/>

            <span class="hanzi">进去</span> <br/>

            go in(to)
          </td>

          <td>
            <span class="pinyin">chūqu</span> <br/>

            <span class="hanzi">出去</span> <br/>

            go out
          </td>

          <td>
            <span class="pinyin">huíqu</span> <br/>

            <span class="hanzi">回去</span> <br/>

            go back
          </td>

          <td>
            <span class="pinyin">guòqu</span> <br/>

            <span class="hanzi">过去</span> <br/>

            go over
          </td>

          <td>
            N./A.
          </td>

          <td>
            <span class="pinyin">dào ... qù</span> <br/>

            <span class="hanzi">到 ... 去</span> <br/>

            go to
          </td>
        </tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>

<br/> 

    <div class="gris">
      The examples below show how verbs take compound directional complements:
    </div>

<br/> 

    <ol>
      <li><audio src="../Audio/direction-IIA-1.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Wǒ jiā mǎi-le yì suǒ xīn fángzi, kěshì wǒmen hái méiyǒu <b>bān</b></span><span class="rouge">jìnqu.</span><br/><span class="hanzi">我家买了一所新房子，可是我们还没有搬进去。</span> <br/>My family bought a new house, but we have not moved in yet.</li>

      <br/>

      <li><audio src="../Audio/direction-IIA-2.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Tā <b>ná&#160;</b><span class="rouge">chūlai</span> yì běn shū.</span> <br/><span class="hanzi">他拿出来一本书。</span> <br/>He took out a book.</li>

      <br/>

      <li><audio src="../Audio/direction-IIA-3.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Qǐng nǐ <b>zǒu&#160;</b><span class="rouge">guòqu</span> kàn kàn nà shì shénme dōngxi.</span><br/> <span class="hanzi">请你走过去看看那是什么东西。</span><br/> Please go over there to see what it is.</li>

      <br/>

      <li><audio src="../Audio/direction-IIA-4.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Tā <b>pǎo&#160;</b><span class="rouge">guòlai</span> bāng wǒ ná xíngli.</span> <br/><span class="hanzi">他跑过来帮我拿行李。</span> <br/>He ran over to me to help me carry the luggage.</li>

      <br/>

      <li><audio src="../Audio/direction-IIA-5.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Zuótiān Xiǎo Lǐ <b>mǎi&#160;</b><span class="rouge">huílai</span> yì tái diànshì.</span> <br/><span class="hanzi">昨天小李买回来一台电视。</span><br/> Yesterday Young Li bought a TV set and brought it back with him.</li>
    </ol></li>
  </ol>
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