eric
/
Chinese-comet.cls.yale.edu-grammar


			
				
					
						
						
							123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129
							<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:epub="http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops">
<head>
  <title>III. The negative forms</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="../Styles/main.css"/>
</head>

<body>
  <div class="grisleger">
    III. The negative forms
  </div>

  <ol type="A">
    <li><div class="gris">
      If the complement is a stative verb, replace <span class="pinyin">hěn</span> <span class="hanzi">很</span> with <span class="pinyin">bù</span> <span class="hanzi">不</span> or <span class="pinyin">bù</span> <span class="hanzi">不</span> and other elements modifying the stative verb, such as <span class="pinyin">bú tài</span> <span class="hanzi">不太</span>, <span class="pinyin">bù zěnme</span> <span class="hanzi">不怎么</span>, etc. If the complement takes the form of 'stative verb + reduplicated stative verb + <span class="pinyin">de</span> <span class="hanzi">的 '</span>, the negative form uses <span class="pinyin">bù</span> <span class="hanzi">不</span>, the stative verb is not reduplicated and <span class="pinyin">de</span> <span class="hanzi">的</span> is eliminated.
    </div>

<br/> 

    <ol>
      <li><audio src="../Audio/degree-III-A-1.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Tā shuō de bù hǎo.</span><br/> <span class="hanzi">他说得不好。</span><br/> He does not speak well.</li>

      <li><audio src="../Audio/degree-III-A-2.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Tā shuō Zhōngwén shuō de bú tài hǎo.</span><br/> <span class="hanzi">他说中文说得不太好。</span><br/> He does not speak Chinese so well.</li>

      <li><audio src="../Audio/degree-III-A-3.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Tā zhǎng de bù gāo.</span><br/> <span class="hanzi">他长得不高。</span><br/> He has not grown very tall.</li>

      <li><audio src="../Audio/degree-III-A-4.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Jīntiān tā dǎbàn de bú piàoliàng.</span><br/> <span class="hanzi">今天她打扮得不漂亮。</span><br/> Today she is not dressed beautifully.</li>
    </ol>

<br/></li>

    <li><div class="gris">
      If the complement is a verbal or idiomatic expression, place <span class="pinyin">méi</span> <span class="hanzi">没</span> or <span class="pinyin">méi yǒu</span> <span class="hanzi">没有</span> before the main verb and eliminate the sentence-end <span class="pinyin">le</span> <span class="hanzi">了</span>, if there is one.
    </div>

<br/> 

    <ol>
      <li><audio src="../Audio/degree-III-B-1.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Tā méi è de hūnguòqu.</span><br/> <span class="hanzi">他没饿得昏过去。</span><br/> He was not so hungry as to faint.</li>

      <li><audio src="../Audio/degree-III-B-2.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Tā méi yǒu pǎo de chuǎnbúshàng qì lái.</span><br/> <span class="hanzi">他没有跑得喘不上气来。</span> <br/>He did not run to the extent that he was out of breath.</li>

      <li><audio src="../Audio/degree-III-B-3.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Tāmen méi máng de bùkě kāijiāo.</span><br/> <span class="hanzi">他们没忙得不可开交。</span><br/> They are not extremely busy.</li>

      <li><audio src="../Audio/degree-III-B-4.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Wǒ méi è de bù dé liǎo, wǒ zhǐ shì yǒu yì diǎnr è. </span><br/><span class="hanzi">我没饿得不得了，我只是有一点儿饿。</span> <br/>I am not terribly hungry. I am just a little hungry.<br/><br/> 

      <div class="gris">
        Because the <span class="pinyin">hěn</span> <span class="hanzi">很</span> and the <span class="pinyin">huāng</span> <span class="hanzi">慌</span> in the idiomatic expressions <span class="pinyin">de hěn</span> <span class="hanzi">得很</span> and de huang <span class="hanzi">得慌</span> are adverbs, the negative form for these two expressions uses <span class="pinyin">bú</span> <span class="hanzi">不</span> or <span class="pinyin">bú tài</span> <span class="hanzi">不太</span> before the main verb while <span class="pinyin">de hěn</span> <span class="hanzi">得很</span>, <span class="pinyin">de huang</span> <span class="hanzi">得慌</span> and <span class="pinyin">de duō</span> <span class="hanzi">得多</span> are eliminated. Compare the positive and negative of <span class="pinyin">de hěn</span> <span class="hanzi">得很</span> and <span class="pinyin">de huang</span> <span class="hanzi">得慌</span>.
      </div></li>

      <br/>

      <li><ol>
        <li><div class="gris">
          Positive
        </div>

        <audio src="../Audio/degree-III-B-5-1.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/> <span class="pinyin">Tiānqi lěng de hěn.</span><br/> <span class="hanzi">天气冷得很。</span><br/> it's terribly cold.</li>

        <li><div class="gris">
          Negative
        </div>

        <audio src="../Audio/degree-III-B-5-2.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/> <span class="pinyin">Tiānqi bù lěng.</span><br/> <span class="hanzi">天气不冷。</span> <br/>it's not cold.</li>
      </ol></li>

      <li><ol>
        <li><div class="gris">
          Positive
        </div>

        <audio src="../Audio/degree-III-B-6-1.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/> <span class="pinyin">Wǒ è de huāng, gěi wǒ diǎnr dōngxi chī.</span><br/> <span class="hanzi">我饿得慌，给我点儿东西吃。</span><br/> I 'm very hungry, give me something to eat.</li>

        <li><div class="gris">
          Negative
        </div>

        <audio src="../Audio/degree-III-B-6-2.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/> <span class="pinyin">Wǒ bú tài è, nǐ zìjǐ chī ba.</span><br/> <span class="hanzi"><span class="hanzi">我不太饿，你自己吃吧。</span></span><br/> I 'm not so hungry, YOU eat it.</li>
      </ol></li>

      <br/>
    </ol></li>

    <li><div class="gris">
      If the complement is a clause, place <span class="pinyin">méi</span> <span class="hanzi">没</span> or <span class="pinyin">méiyǒu</span> <span class="hanzi">没有</span> before the main verb and eliminate the sentence-end <span class="pinyin">le</span> <span class="hanzi">了</span>, if there is one.
    </div>

<br/> 

    <ol>
      <li><audio src="../Audio/degree-III-C-1.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Tā méi shuō de wǒ gèng hútu.</span><br/> <span class="hanzi">他没说得我更糊涂。</span><br/> The way he said it did not make me even more confused.</li>

      <br/>

      <li><audio src="../Audio/degree-III-C-2.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Tiānqi méi yǒu lěng de shéi dōu bù xiǎng chūqù.</span><br/> <span class="hanzi">天气没有冷得谁都不想出去。 </span><br/>It is not so cold that no one wants to go out.</li>
    </ol></li>
  </ol>
</body>
</html>