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ChineseGrammarWiki


			
				
					
						
						
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<p>结果补语十分常见，一些口语中常用的形容词和单音节动词都可以做结果补语。</p>
<h2 id="using-adjectives">Using Adjectives</h2>
<p>好 (hǎo): It implies that something is complete or done well.
Forming a <a href="result_complement" title="wikilink">result
complement</a> with 好 has a very similar meaning to <a href=
"&quot;-wan&quot;_result_complement" title="wikilink">forming one
with 完</a>. It expresses that the action has been completed
successfully.</p>
<p>错 (cuò): It's used to express making mistakes. To express that
an action resulted in an error, you can use a result complement
with 错. This covers what is often expressed with the adverb
"incorrectly" in English.</p>
<p>其他常见的做补语的形容词：晚、饱、坏、破、清楚、明白、干净。</p>
<h3 id="structure">Structure</h3>
<p>When using result complements, it's very common to make the
object a <a href="Topic-comment_sentences" title=
"wikilink">topic</a>. This means the object is said first and the
subject is often omitted:</p>
<div class="jiegou">
<p>Verb + Adj. + 了</p>
</div>
<div class="jiegou">
<p>没 + Verb + Adj.</p>
</div>
<h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>
<div class="liju">
<ul>
<li>我们 吃 <em>好</em> 了 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen chī <em>hǎo</em>
le.</span><span class="trans">We finished eating.</span></li>
<li>作业 做 <em>好</em> 了 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Zuòyè zuò
<em>hǎo</em> le ma ?</span> <span class="trans">Did you finish
doing your homework?</span></li>
<li>这 个 字 写 <em>错</em> 了。<span class="pinyin">Zhège zì xiě
<em>cuò</em> le.</span><span class="trans">You wrote this character
wrong.</span></li>
<li>我 没 记 <em>错</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ méi jì
<em>cuò</em>.</span><span class="trans">I didn't remember
incorrectly.</span></li>
<li>你们 来 <em>晚</em> 了 。<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen lái <em>wǎn</em>
le.</span><span class="trans">You came late.</span></li>
<li>你 没 吃 <em>饱</em> 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ méi chī
<em>bǎo</em> ma?</span><span class="trans">Are you not
full?</span></li>
<li>弟弟 玩 <em>坏</em> 了 哥哥 的 玩具 。 <span class="pinyin">Dìdi wán
<em>huài</em> le gēge de wánjù.</span><span class="trans">The
little brother broke his older brother's toy.</span></li>
<li>宝宝 的 头 是 怎么 撞 <em>破</em> 的 ？<span class="pinyin">Bǎobǎo de tóu
shì zěnme zhuàng <em>pò</em> de?</span><span class="trans">How did
the baby hit his head?</span></li>
<li>杯子 是 谁 摔 <em>坏</em> 的 ？<span class="pinyin">Bēizi shì shéi
shuāi <em>huài</em> de?</span><span class="trans">Who broke the
cup?</span></li>
<li>大家 都 听 <em>清楚</em> 了 吗 ？ <span class="pinyin">Dàjiā dōu tīng
<em>qīngchu</em> le ma?</span><span class="trans">Does everyone
hear this clearly?</span></li>
<li>房间 打扫 <em>干净</em> 了 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Fángjiān nǐ dǎsǎo
<em>gānjìng</em> le ma?</span><span class="trans">Is your room all
cleaned up?</span></li>
<li>衣服 没 洗 <em>干净</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Yīfu méi
<em>gānjìng</em>.</span><span class="trans">The clothes aren't
clean.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 id="using-one-syllable-verb">Using One-syllable Verb</h2>
<p>
除了一些单音节形容词和双音节形容词可以做结果补语，少量单音节动词也可以做结果补语。如"见、懂、走、掉"等，这类动词非常有限。</p>
<p>要注意的是："掉"有"离开、分离"的意义，跟"掉"搭配的动词也必须有"离开、分离"的意义。</p>
<h3 id="examples-1">Examples</h3>
<div class="liju">
<ul>
<li>老师 拿 <em>走</em> 了 我 的 iPad 。 <span class="pinyin">Lǎoshī ná
<em>zǒu</em> le wǒ de iPad.</span><span class="trans">The teacher
took away my iPad.</span></li>
<li>小偷 偷 <em>走</em> 了 我 的钱包 。 <span class="pinyin">Xiǎotōu tōu
<em>zǒu</em> le wǒ de qiánbāo.</span><span class="trans">The thief
stole my wallet.</span></li>
<li>不要 了，扔<em>掉</em> 吧 。<span class="pinyin">Bù yào le, rēng
<em>diào</em> bā.</span><span class="trans">I don't want it any
more. Throw it away.</span></li>
<li>太 热 了 ，外套 脱 <em>掉</em> 吧 。 <span class="pinyin">Tài rè le,
wàitào tuō <em>diào</em> bā.</span><span class="trans">It‘s too
hot. Let's take off our jackets.</span></li>
<li>我 刚刚 卖 <em>掉</em> 了 我 的 旧 手机 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ gānggāng
mài <em>diào</em> le wǒ de jiù shǒujī.</span><span class="trans">I
just sold my old cell phone.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 id="compared-with-potential-complements">Compared with
Potential Complements</h2>
<div class="liju">
<table>
<caption>Result and Potential Complements</caption>
<thead>
<tr class="header">
<th>
<p>Result Complement</p>
</th>
<th>
<p>Aff. Potential Complement</p>
</th>
<th>
<p>Neg. Potential Complement</p>
</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td>
<p>做 完</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>做 <em>得</em> 完</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>做 <em>不</em> 完</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>
<p>听 懂</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>听 <em>得</em> 懂</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>听 <em>不</em> 懂</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>
<p>看 清楚</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>看 <em>得</em> 清楚</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>看 <em>不</em> 清楚</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>
<p>洗 干净</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>洗 <em>得</em> 干净</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>洗 <em>不</em> 干净</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
<p>All result complements work particularly well in a <a href=
"Ba_sentence" title="wikilink">把 sentence</a>.</p>
<h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further
reading</h2>
<h3 id="books">Books</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="Integrated_Chinese:_Level_1,_Part_2_(3rd_ed)" title=
"wikilink">Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed)</a> (pp.
43- 4) <a href=
"http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276709/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=allset-20&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;camp=217145&amp;creative=399369&amp;creativeASIN=0887276709">
→buy</a></li>
<li><a href="Integrated_Chinese:_Level_2,_Part_1" title=
"wikilink">Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1</a> (pp. 233-4)
<a href=
"http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276792/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=allset-20&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;camp=217145&amp;creative=399369&amp;creativeASIN=0887276792">
→buy</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a href="Category:**URGENT**" class="uri" title=
"wikilink">Category:**URGENT**</a> <a href=
"Category:B1_grammar_points" title="wikilink">Category:B1 grammar
points</a> <a href="Category:Result_complement" title=
"wikilink">Category:Result complement</a></p>
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