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ChineseGrammarWiki


			
				
					
						
						
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<p>All three of these, 朝 (cháo), 向 (xiàng), and 往 (wǎng) can be
used to indicate direction or position. When these preposition
phrases are used in before the verb, the three have the same
structure and their meaning is the same. You can swap them in and
out. At other times, however, they are used differently, and this
article will help you differentiate when you are supposed to use
which one.</p>
<h2 id="when-using-朝-向-and-往-is-appropriate">When using "朝," "向,"
and "往" is appropriate</h2>
<h3 id="structure">Structure</h3>
<p>Just put one of the three before the direction and the verb!</p>
<div class="jiegou">
<p>向 / 朝 / 往 + 具体方向 + Verb</p>
</div>
<h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>
<div class="liju">
<ul>
<li>从 这里 <em>向</em> / <em>朝</em> / <em>往</em> 北 走 两 百 米 就 到
了。<span class="trans">From here, go one hundred meters north, and
you'll get there.</span></li>
<li>这 个 小 女孩 <em>向</em> 左 看看 又 向 右 看看 才 过 马路。<span class=
"trans">This little girl looked left and then looked right before
crossing the street.</span></li>
<li>我 看见 他 <em>朝</em> 你们 家 去 了。<span class="trans">I saw him going
towards your house.</span></li>
<li><em>往</em> 前 走 十 分 钟。<span class="trans">Walk forward for ten
minutes.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 id="when-to-use-向-and-往">When to use "向" and "往"</h2>
<p>向 and 往 can be placed after the verb, however it has to be used
with an appropriate verb, Often used verbs are 开, 飞, 发, 运, 送, 寄, 带,
驶 etc. As you can see, these are words that at least imply some
sort of motion. In addition, compared to 向, 往 is used more often
with those verbs, because 往 expresses the destination while 向
merely expresses a direction, 朝 cannot be used this way.</p>
<h3 id="structure-1">Structure</h3>
<div class="jiegou">
<p>Verb + 向 / 往 + 具体方向</p>
</div>
<h3 id="examples-1">Examples</h3>
<div class="liju">
<ul>
<li>这 趟 火车 开 <em>往</em> 沈阳。<span class="trans">This train is
heading towards Shenyang.</span></li>
<li>这 趟 航班 飞 <em>往</em> 纽约。<span class="trans">This plane is flying
to New York.</span></li>
<li>一 辆 黑 色 的 小 轿车 慢慢地 从 东 驶 <em>向</em> 西。<span class="trans">The
black limo slowly went from East to West.</span></li>
<li>像 鸟儿 一样 飞 <em>向</em> 蓝天。<span class="trans">The little birds
flew towards the sky.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 id="when-to-use-向-and-朝">When to use "向" and "朝"</h2>
<p>When the action that takes place is specified to a specific
target, use 向 or 朝. 往 cannot be used this way. Also, when the verb
is a concrete action, the use of 向 and 朝 are the same, and they can
be interchanged.</p>
<h3 id="structure-2">Structure</h3>
<div class="jiegou">
<p>向 / 朝 + 动作的对象 + 具体意义的动词</p>
</div>
<h3 id="examples-2">Examples</h3>
<div class="liju">
<ul>
<li>他 <em>向</em> / <em>朝</em> 我 笑 了 笑。<span class="trans">He
laughed at me.</span></li>
<li>我 <em>朝</em> 他 开 了 一 枪。<span class="trans">I shot a gun at
him.</span></li>
<li>他 已经 <em>向</em> 全体 员工 解释 过 了。<span class="trans">He has already
explained it to the employees.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 id="when-to-use-just-向">When to use just "向"</h2>
<p>When the verb has an abstract meaning, you can only use 向, and
you cannot use 朝.</p>
<h3 id="structure-3">Structure</h3>
<div class="jiegou">
<p>向 + Direction + Abstract Verb</p>
</div>
<h3 id="examples-3">Examples</h3>
<div class="liju">
<ul>
<li>他 是 优秀 员工，我们 都 要 <em>向</em> 他 学习。 <span class="trans">He is an
exemplary employee, we should all study him.</span></li>
<li>我们 要 <em>向</em> 环保 部门 要求 严查 工厂 排污。<span class="trans">We are
going to make the Environmental Safety Department closely examine
the factory sewage.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 id="examples-of-right-and-wrong-sentences">Examples of right
and wrong sentences</h2>
<div class="liju">
<ul>
<li>这 个 地铁 是 开 <em>往</em> 浦东 机场 的 吗 ？</li>
<li>你 要 多 <em>向</em> 他 学习 学习 。</li>
<li>帅哥 <em>朝</em> 我 笑 了 一下 。</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="liju">
<ul>
<li>你 现在 是 开 <em>朝</em> 市 中心 吗？</li>
<li><em>朝</em> 雷锋 同志 学习！</li>
<li><em>往</em> 雷锋 同志 学习！</li>
<li>帅哥 <em>往</em> 我 笑 了。</li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 id="example-dialog">Example dialog</h2>
<div class="liju">
<ul>
<li>A: 他 <em>往</em> 南 走 了 。<span class="trans">He walked
south.</span></li>
<li>B: 你 怎么 让 他 <em>往</em> 南 走 呢 ？南 边 很 危险 。<span class="trans">Why
did you make him go south? Going south is dangerous.</span></li>
<li>A: 你 <em>朝</em> 我 发 什么 火？我 说 了 他 不 听 。<span class="trans">Why
are you mad at me? I told him but he didn't listen</span></li>
<li>B: 不好意思 ，我 应该 <em>向</em> 你 道歉 。<span class="trans">I'm sorry. I
should apologize to you.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 id="see-also">See Also</h2>
<h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further
reading</h2>
<h3 id="books">Books</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href=
"%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D%EF%BC%88%E5%A2%9E%E8%AE%A2%E6%9C%AC%EF%BC%89"
class="uri" title="wikilink">现代汉语八百词（增订本）</a> ("向"，"朝"与"往"p.196)
<a href=
"http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B001198GSW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1345693275&amp;sr=8-1">
→buy</a></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><a href=
"%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%99%9A%E8%AF%8D%E4%BE%8B%E9%87%8A"
class="uri" title="wikilink">现代汉语虚词例释</a> (朝p.79, 向 p.505)<a href=
"http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B004323J90/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1345693275&amp;sr=8-1">→buy</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a href="Category:grammar_comparison" title=
"wikilink">Category:grammar comparison</a></p>
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