eric
/
ChineseGrammarWiki


			
				
					
						
						
							123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212
							<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
  <meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy for HTML5 for Linux version 5.2.0"/>
  <title></title>
  <link href="../Styles/main.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
</head>

<body>
  <h1></h1>

  <p><span class="hanzi">结果补语十分常见，一些口语中常用的形容词和单音节动词都可以做结果补语。</span><br/></p>

  <h2>Contents</h2>

  <ol>
    <li>Structure<br/></li>

    <li>Examples<br/></li>

    <li>See also<br/></li>

    <li>Sources and further reading<br/></li>

    <ol>
      <li>Books<br/></li>
    </ol>
  </ol>

  <h2 id="using-adjectives">Using Adjectives</h2>

  <p><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 22px;">好</span> (<span class="pinyin">hǎo</span>): It implies that something is complete or done well. Forming a <a href="result_complement" title="wikilink">result complement</a> with <span class="hanzi">好</span> has a very similar meaning to <a href="&quot;-wan&quot;_result_complement" title="wikilink">forming one with 完</a>. It expresses that the action has been completed successfully.</p>

  <p><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 22px;">错</span> (<span class="pinyin">cuò</span>): It's used to express making mistakes. To express that an action resulted in an error, you can use a result complement with <span class="hanzi">错</span>. This covers what is often expressed with the adverb "<b>incorrectly</b>" in English.</p>

  <p><span class="hanzi">其他常见的做补语的形容词：晚、饱、坏、破、清楚、明白、干净。</span><br/></p>

  <h3 id="structure">Structure</h3>

  <p>When using result complements, it's very common to make the object a <a href="Topic-comment_sentences" title="wikilink">topic</a>. This means the object is said first and the subject is often omitted:</p>

  <div>
    <div class="deux">
      Verb + Adj. + <span style="color: rgb(255, 127, 80); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 30px;">了</span>
    </div>
  </div>

  <div>
    <div class="deux">
      <span style="color: rgb(255, 127, 80); font-family: NotoSansCJKsc; font-size: 30px;">没</span> + Verb + Adj.
    </div>
  </div>

  <h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span class="hanzi">我们 吃 好 了 。</span> <span class="pinyin">Wǒmen chī hǎo le.</span><br/><span> We finished eating.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">作业 做 好 了 吗 ？</span> <span class="pinyin">Zuòyè zuò hǎo le ma ?</span> <span> Did you finish doing your homework?</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">这 个 字 写 错 了。</span> <span class="pinyin">Zhège zì xiě cuò le.</span><br/><span> You wrote this character wrong.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我 没 记 错 。</span> <span class="pinyin">Wǒ méi jì cuò.</span><br/><span> I didn't remember incorrectly.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">你们 来 晚 了 。</span> <span class="pinyin">Nǐmen lái wǎn le.</span><br/><span> You came late.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">你 没 吃 饱 吗 ？</span> <span class="pinyin">Nǐ méi chī bǎo ma?</span><br/><span> Are you not full?</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">弟弟 玩 坏 了 哥哥 的 玩具 。</span> <span class="pinyin">Dìdi wán huài le gēge de wánjù.</span><br/><span> The little brother broke his older brother's toy.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">宝宝 的 头 是 怎么 撞 破 的 ？</span> <span class="pinyin">Bǎobǎo de tóu shì zěnme zhuàng pò de?</span><br/><span> How did the baby hit his head?</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">杯子 是 谁 摔 坏 的 ？</span> <span class="pinyin">Bēizi shì shéi shuāi huài de?</span><br/><span> Who broke the cup?</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">大家 都 听 清楚 了 吗 ？</span> <span class="pinyin">Dàjiā dōu tīng qīngchu le ma?</span><br/><span> Does everyone hear this clearly?</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">房间 打扫 干净 了 吗 ？</span> <span class="pinyin">Fángjiān nǐ dǎsǎo gānjìng le ma?</span><br/><span> Is your room all cleaned up?</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">衣服 没 洗 干净 。</span><span class="pinyin"> Yīfu méi gānjìng.</span><br/><span> The clothes aren't clean.</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h2 id="using-one-syllable-verb">Using One-syllable Verb</h2>

  <p><span class="hanzi">除了一些单音节形容词和双音节形容词可以做结果补语，少量单音节动词也可以做结果补语。如"见、懂、走、掉"等，这类动词非常有限。</span><br/></p>

  <p><span class="hanzi">要注意的是："掉"有"离开、分离"的意义，跟"掉"搭配的动词也必须有"离开、分离"的意义。</span><br/></p>

  <h3 id="examples-1">Examples</h3>

  <div class="exemple">
    <ul>
      <li><span class="hanzi">老师 拿 走 了 我 的 iPad 。</span> <span class="pinyin">Lǎoshī ná zǒu le wǒ de iPad.</span><br/><span> The teacher took away my iPad.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">小偷 偷 走 了 我 的钱包 。</span> <span class="pinyin">Xiǎotōu tōu zǒu le wǒ de qiánbāo.</span><br/><span> The thief stole my wallet.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">不要 了，扔掉 吧 。</span> <span class="pinyin">Bù yào le, rēng diào bā.</span><br/><span> I don't want it any more. Throw it away.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">太 热 了 ，外套 脱 掉 吧 。</span> <span class="pinyin">Tài rè le, wàitào tuō diào bā.</span><br/><span> It‘s too hot. Let's take off our jackets.</span></li>

      <li><span class="hanzi">我 刚刚 卖 掉 了 我 的 旧 手机 。</span> <span class="pinyin">Wǒ gānggāng mài diào le wǒ de jiù shǒujī.</span><br/><span> I just sold my old cell phone.</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <h2 id="compared-with-potential-complements">Compared with Potential Complements</h2>

  <div class="exemple">
    <table>
      <caption>Result and Potential Complements</caption>

      <thead>
        <tr class="header">
          <th>
            <p>Result Complement</p>
          </th>

          <th>
            <p>Aff. Potential Complement</p>
          </th>

          <th>
            <p>Neg. Potential Complement</p>
          </th>
        </tr>
      </thead>

      <tbody>
        <tr class="odd">
          <td>
            <p><span class="hanzi">做 完</span><br/></p>
          </td>

          <td>
            <p><span class="hanzi">做 得 完</span><br/></p>
          </td>

          <td>
            <p><span class="hanzi">做 不 完</span><br/></p>
          </td>
        </tr>

        <tr class="even">
          <td>
            <p><span class="hanzi">听 懂</span><br/></p>
          </td>

          <td>
            <p><span class="hanzi">听 得 懂</span><br/></p>
          </td>

          <td>
            <p><span class="hanzi">听 不 懂</span><br/></p>
          </td>
        </tr>

        <tr class="odd">
          <td>
            <p><span class="hanzi">看 清楚</span><br/></p>
          </td>

          <td>
            <p><span class="hanzi">看 得 清楚</span><br/></p>
          </td>

          <td>
            <p><span class="hanzi">看 不 清楚</span><br/></p>
          </td>
        </tr>

        <tr class="even">
          <td></td>
        </tr>

        <tr class="odd">
          <td>
            <p><span class="hanzi">洗 干净</span><br/></p>
          </td>

          <td>
            <p><span class="hanzi">洗 得 干净</span><br/></p>
          </td>

          <td>
            <p><span class="hanzi">洗 不 干净</span><br/></p>
          </td>
        </tr>

        <tr class="even">
          <td></td>
        </tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>

  <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>

  <p>All result complements work particularly well in a <a href="Ba_sentence" title="wikilink">把 sentence</a>.</p>

  <h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further reading</h2>

  <h3 id="books">Books</h3>

  <ul>
    <li>Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed) (pp. 43- 4)</li>

    <li>Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1 (pp. 233-4)</li>
  </ul>
</body>
</html>