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- <p>One of the uses of 全 (quán) is to indicate the entirety of something. It could be used for something like a <em>whole</em> household, an <em>entire</em> country, the <em>whole</em> world, etc.</p>
- <h2 id="using-全-before-a-noun">Using 全 before a Noun</h2>
- <h3 id="structure">Structure</h3>
- <p>The structure is quite simple, just put 全 in front of the noun you want to emphasize "the whole" of. You cannot use it with 的. Pay attention to the types of nouns you can use with 全, since it is usually paired up with 身 (body), 家 (family), 国 (country), 世界 (world), 天 (day) and the like.</p>
- <div class="jiegou">
- <p>全 + Noun + 都 + Verb</p>
- </div>
- <h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>
- <div class="liju">
- <ul>
- <li>我们 <em>全</em> 家 <em>都</em> 去 过 北京 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <em>quán</em> jiā <em>dōu</em> qù guo Běijīng.</span><span class="trans">Our entire family have been to Beijing.</span></li>
- <li><em>全</em> 国 人民 <em>都</em> 知道 这个 新闻 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Quán</em> guó rénmín <em>dōu</em> zhīdào zhège xīnwén.</span><span class="trans">People in the whole country know about this news.</span></li>
- <li><em>全</em> 公司 的 人 <em>都</em> 不 喜欢 新 老板 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Quán</em> gōngsī de rén <em>dōu</em> bù xǐhuan xīn lǎobǎn.</span><span class="trans">The whole company doesn't like the new boss.</span></li>
- <li>打 完 球 以后 我 <em>全</em> 身 <em>都</em> 是 汗 。<span class="pinyin">Dǎ wán qiú yǐhòu wǒ <em>quán</em> shēn <em>dōu</em> shì hàn.</span><span class="trans">My whole body sweat after playing the ball.</span></li>
- <li><em>全</em> 校 的 学生 <em>都</em> 放假 了 。 <span class="pinyin"><em>Quán</em> xiào de xuéshēng <em>dōu</em> fàngjià le.</span><span class="trans">Students in the whole school are on holiday.</span></li>
- <li>你 明天 <em>全</em> 天 <em>都</em> 在 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ míngtiān <em>quán</em> tiān <em>dōu</em> zài ma?</span><span class="trans">Are you going to be here the whole day tomorrow?</span></li>
- <li>这个 地方 <em>全</em> 年 <em>都</em> 很 热 。<span class="pinyin">Zhège dìfang <em>quán</em> nián <em>dōu</em> hěn rè.</span><span class="trans">It's hot here the whole year.</span></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <h2 id="using-全都-before-a-verb">Using 全都 before a Verb</h2>
- <h3 id="affirmative-pattern">Affirmative Pattern</h3>
- <p>Before a verb 全 can be omitted, but if it is used, the purpose is to emphasize the idea of "all" or "entire."</p>
- <h4 id="structure-1">Structure</h4>
- <div class="jiegou">
- <p>Subj. + 全 + 都 + Verb / Adj.</p>
- </div>
- <h4 id="examples-1">Examples</h4>
- <div class="liju">
- <ul>
- <li>大家 <em>全</em> <em>都</em> 到 了。<span class="pinyin">Dàjiā <em>quán</em> <em>dōu</em> dào le.</span><span class="trans">Everybody has come.</span></li>
- <li>作业 <em>全</em> <em>都</em> 做 完 了 吗？<span class="pinyin">Zuòyè <em>quán</em> <em>dōu</em> zuò wán le ma?</span><span class="trans">You've finished all your homework?</span></li>
- <li>我 <em>全</em> <em>都</em> 听懂 了。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>quán</em> <em>dōu</em> tīngdǒng le.</span><span class="trans">I heard and understood all.</span></li>
- <li>你 <em>全</em> <em>都</em> 拿 走 吧。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>quán</em> <em>dōu</em> ná zǒu ba.</span><span class="trans">Take them all.</span></li>
- <li>他 把 咖啡 <em>全</em> <em>都</em> 喝 了。<span class="pinyin">Tā bǎ kāfēi <em>quán</em> <em>dōu</em> hē le.</span><span class="trans">He drank up all the coffee.</span></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <h3 id="negative-pattern-total-negation">Negative Pattern: Total Negation</h3>
- <h4 id="structure-2">Structure</h4>
- <p>When you negate 全都 with 不 or 没 <em>after</em> it, you're not just saying "not entirely," you're saying "<em>none of it</em>" or "<em>not at all</em>."</p>
- <div class="jiegou">
- <p>Subj. + 全都 + 不 / 没 + Verb / Adj.</p>
- </div>
- <h4 id="examples-2">Examples</h4>
- <div class="liju">
- <ul>
- <li>他们 <em>全</em> <em>都</em> 没 去。<span class="pinyin">Tāmen <em>quán</em> <em>dōu</em> méi qù.</span><span class="trans">None of them went.</span></li>
- <li>这 个 周末 我们 <em>全</em> <em>都</em> 不 在 家。<span class="pinyin">Zhège zhōumò wǒmen <em>quán</em> <em>dōu</em> bù zài jiā.</span><span class="trans">None of us will be home this weekend.</span></li>
- <li>他 说 的 话 <em>全</em> <em>都</em> 不 要 相信。<span class="pinyin">Tā shuō de huà <em>quán</em> <em>dōu</em> bùyào xiāngxìn.</span><span class="trans">Don't believe anything he says.</span></li>
- <li>你们 的 员工 <em>全</em> <em>都</em> 不 会 说 英语 吗？<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen de yuángōng <em>quán</em><em>dōu</em> bù huì shuō Yīngyǔ ma.</span><span class="trans">None of your employees can speak English?</span></li>
- <li>你 的 家人 <em>全</em> <em>都</em> 没 来 参加 你 的 婚礼 ？ <span class="pinyin">Nǐ de jiārén <em>quán</em> <em>dōu</em> méi lái cānjiā nǐ de hūnlǐ?</span><span class="trans">None of your family came to your wedding?</span></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <h3 id="negative-pattern-partial-negation">Negative Pattern: Partial Negation</h3>
- <h4 id="structure-3">Structure</h4>
- <p>When you negate by putting 不 or 没 <em>before</em> 全都, you're only <em>partially</em> negating. In other words, you're communicating "<em>not all</em>."</p>
- <div class="jiegou">
- <p>Subj.＋不 / 没＋全都＋Verb / Adj.</p>
- </div>
- <h4 id="examples-3">Examples</h4>
- <div class="liju">
- <ul>
- <li>中国 菜 我 不 是 <em>全</em> <em>都</em> 喜欢 。 <span class="pinyin">Zhōngguó cài wǒ bù shì <em>quán</em> <em>dōu</em> xǐhuan.</span><span class="trans">I don't like all Chinese food.</span></li>
- <li>这 篇 文章 太 长 了 ，我 没 <em>全</em> <em>都</em> 看完 。<span class="pinyin">Zhè piān wénzhāng tài cháng le, wǒ méi <em> quán</em> <em> dōu</em> kàn wán.</span><span class="trans">This article is too long. I didn't finish reading it all.</span></li>
- <li>他 的 话 你 不 能 <em>全</em> <em>都</em> 相信 。 <span class="pinyin">Tā de huà nǐ bù néng <em> quán</em> <em> dōu</em> xiāngxìn.</span><span class="trans">You can't believe everything he says.</span></li>
- <li>你 说 得 太 快 了 ， 我 不 可能 <em>全</em> <em>都</em> 记 下来 。 <span class="pinyin">Nǐ shuō de tài kuài le, wǒ bù kěnéng <em>quán</em> <em>dōu</em> jì xiàlái.</span> <span class="trans">You spoke too fast. I can't write down all of what you said.</span></li>
- <li>地方 太 小 ，我们 的 朋友 不 能 <em>全</em> <em>都</em> 邀请 。 <span class="pinyin">Dìfang tài xiǎo, wǒmen de péngyou bù néng <em>quán</em> <em>dōu</em> yāoqǐng.</span><span class="trans">The place is too small. We can't invite all our friends.</span></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
- <ul>
- <li><a href="Referring_to_"all"_using_"suoyou"" title="wikilink">Referring to "all" using "suoyou"</a></li>
- <li><a href="Expressing_"Everyone"_with_"shei"" title="wikilink">Expressing "Everyone" with "shei"</a></li>
- <li><a href="Expressing_"All"_with_"shenme_dou"" title="wikilink">Expressing "All" with "shenme dou"</a></li>
- <li><a href="Expressing_"Every"_with_"mei"_and_"dou"" title="wikilink">Expressing "Every" with "mei" and "dou"</a></li>
- <li><a href="Emphasizing_quantity_with_"dou"" title="wikilink">Emphasizing quantity with "dou"</a></li>
- </ul>
- <h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further reading</h2>
- <h3 id="books">Books</h3>
- <ul>
- <li><a href="现代汉语八百词" class="uri" title="wikilink">现代汉语八百词</a> (p.457) <a href="http://www.amazon.cn/mn/detailApp?_encoding=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&asin=B001198GSW&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B001198GSW">→buy</a></li>
- </ul>
- <p> </p>
- <p><a href="Category:B1_grammar_points" title="wikilink">Category:B1 grammar points</a></p>
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