| 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479480481482483484485486487488489490491492493494495496497498499500501502503504505506507508509510511512513514515516517518519520521522523524525526527528529530531532533534535536537538539540541542543544545546547548549550551552553554555556557558559560561562563564565566567568569570571572573574575576577578579580581582583584585586587588589590591592593594595596597598599600601602603604605606607608609610611612613614615616617618619620621622623624625626627628629630631632633634635636637638639640641642643644645646647648649650651652653654655656657658659660661662663664665666667668669670671672673674675676677678679680681682683684685686687688689690691692693694695696697698699700701702703704705706707708709710711712713714715716717718719720721722723724725726727728729730731732733734735736737738739740741742743744745746747748749750751752753754755756757758759760761762763764765766767768769770771772773774775776777778779780781782783784785786787788789790791792793794795796797798799800801802803804805806807808809810811812813814815816817818819820821822823824825826827828829830831832833834835836837838839840841842843844845846847848849850851852853854855856857858859860861862863864865866867868869870871872873874875876877878879880881882883884885886887888889890891892893894895896897898899900901902903904905906907908909910911912913914915916917918919920921922923924925926927928929930931932933934935936937938939940941942943944945946947948949950951952953954955956957958959960961962963964965966967968969970971972973974975976977978979980981982983984985986987988989990991992993994995996997998999100010011002100310041005100610071008100910101011101210131014101510161017101810191020102110221023102410251026102710281029103010311032103310341035103610371038103910401041104210431044104510461047104810491050105110521053105410551056105710581059106010611062106310641065106610671068106910701071107210731074107510761077107810791080108110821083108410851086108710881089109010911092109310941095109610971098109911001101110211031104110511061107110811091110111111121113111411151116111711181119112011211122112311241125112611271128112911301131113211331134113511361137113811391140114111421143114411451146114711481149115011511152115311541155115611571158115911601161116211631164116511661167116811691170117111721173117411751176117711781179118011811182118311841185118611871188118911901191119211931194119511961197119811991200120112021203120412051206120712081209121012111212121312141215121612171218121912201221122212231224122512261227122812291230123112321233123412351236123712381239124012411242124312441245124612471248124912501251125212531254125512561257125812591260126112621263126412651266126712681269127012711272127312741275127612771278127912801281128212831284128512861287128812891290129112921293129412951296129712981299130013011302130313041305130613071308130913101311131213131314131513161317131813191320132113221323132413251326132713281329133013311332133313341335133613371338133913401341134213431344134513461347134813491350135113521353135413551356135713581359136013611362136313641365136613671368136913701371137213731374137513761377137813791380138113821383138413851386138713881389139013911392139313941395139613971398139914001401140214031404140514061407140814091410141114121413141414151416141714181419142014211422142314241425142614271428142914301431143214331434143514361437143814391440144114421443144414451446144714481449145014511452145314541455145614571458145914601461146214631464146514661467146814691470147114721473147414751476147714781479148014811482148314841485148614871488148914901491149214931494149514961497149814991500150115021503150415051506150715081509151015111512151315141515151615171518151915201521152215231524152515261527152815291530153115321533153415351536153715381539154015411542154315441545154615471548154915501551155215531554155515561557155815591560156115621563156415651566156715681569157015711572157315741575157615771578157915801581158215831584158515861587158815891590159115921593159415951596159715981599160016011602160316041605160616071608160916101611161216131614161516161617161816191620162116221623162416251626162716281629163016311632163316341635163616371638163916401641164216431644164516461647164816491650165116521653165416551656165716581659166016611662166316641665166616671668166916701671167216731674167516761677167816791680168116821683168416851686168716881689169016911692169316941695169616971698169917001701170217031704170517061707170817091710171117121713171417151716171717181719172017211722172317241725172617271728172917301731173217331734173517361737173817391740174117421743174417451746174717481749175017511752175317541755175617571758175917601761176217631764176517661767176817691770177117721773177417751776177717781779178017811782178317841785178617871788178917901791179217931794179517961797179817991800180118021803180418051806180718081809181018111812181318141815181618171818181918201821182218231824182518261827182818291830183118321833183418351836183718381839184018411842184318441845184618471848184918501851185218531854185518561857185818591860186118621863186418651866186718681869187018711872187318741875187618771878187918801881188218831884188518861887188818891890189118921893189418951896189718981899190019011902190319041905190619071908190919101911191219131914191519161917191819191920192119221923192419251926192719281929193019311932193319341935193619371938193919401941194219431944194519461947194819491950195119521953195419551956195719581959196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040204120422043204420452046204720482049205020512052205320542055205620572058205920602061206220632064206520662067206820692070207120722073207420752076207720782079208020812082208320842085208620872088208920902091209220932094209520962097209820992100210121022103210421052106210721082109211021112112211321142115211621172118211921202121212221232124212521262127212821292130213121322133213421352136213721382139214021412142214321442145214621472148214921502151215221532154215521562157215821592160216121622163216421652166216721682169217021712172217321742175217621772178217921802181218221832184218521862187218821892190219121922193219421952196219721982199220022012202220322042205220622072208220922102211221222132214221522162217221822192220222122222223222422252226222722282229223022312232223322342235223622372238223922402241224222432244224522462247224822492250225122522253225422552256225722582259226022612262226322642265226622672268226922702271227222732274227522762277227822792280228122822283228422852286228722882289229022912292229322942295229622972298229923002301230223032304230523062307230823092310231123122313231423152316231723182319232023212322232323242325232623272328232923302331233223332334233523362337233823392340234123422343234423452346234723482349235023512352235323542355235623572358235923602361236223632364236523662367236823692370237123722373237423752376237723782379238023812382238323842385238623872388238923902391239223932394239523962397239823992400240124022403240424052406240724082409241024112412241324142415241624172418241924202421242224232424242524262427242824292430243124322433243424352436243724382439244024412442244324442445244624472448244924502451245224532454245524562457245824592460246124622463246424652466246724682469247024712472247324742475247624772478247924802481248224832484248524862487248824892490249124922493249424952496249724982499250025012502250325042505250625072508250925102511251225132514251525162517251825192520252125222523252425252526252725282529253025312532253325342535253625372538253925402541254225432544254525462547254825492550255125522553255425552556255725582559256025612562256325642565256625672568256925702571257225732574257525762577257825792580258125822583258425852586258725882589259025912592259325942595259625972598259926002601260226032604260526062607260826092610261126122613261426152616261726182619262026212622262326242625262626272628262926302631263226332634263526362637263826392640264126422643264426452646264726482649265026512652265326542655265626572658265926602661266226632664266526662667266826692670267126722673267426752676267726782679268026812682268326842685268626872688268926902691269226932694269526962697269826992700270127022703270427052706270727082709271027112712271327142715271627172718271927202721272227232724272527262727272827292730273127322733273427352736273727382739274027412742274327442745274627472748274927502751275227532754275527562757275827592760276127622763276427652766276727682769277027712772277327742775277627772778277927802781278227832784278527862787278827892790279127922793279427952796279727982799280028012802280328042805280628072808280928102811281228132814281528162817281828192820282128222823282428252826282728282829283028312832283328342835283628372838283928402841284228432844284528462847284828492850285128522853285428552856285728582859286028612862286328642865286628672868286928702871287228732874287528762877287828792880288128822883288428852886288728882889289028912892289328942895289628972898289929002901290229032904290529062907290829092910291129122913291429152916291729182919292029212922292329242925292629272928292929302931293229332934293529362937293829392940294129422943294429452946294729482949295029512952295329542955295629572958295929602961296229632964296529662967296829692970297129722973297429752976297729782979298029812982298329842985298629872988298929902991299229932994299529962997299829993000300130023003300430053006300730083009301030113012301330143015301630173018301930203021302230233024302530263027302830293030303130323033303430353036303730383039304030413042304330443045304630473048304930503051305230533054305530563057305830593060306130623063306430653066306730683069307030713072307330743075307630773078307930803081308230833084308530863087308830893090309130923093309430953096309730983099310031013102310331043105310631073108310931103111311231133114311531163117311831193120312131223123312431253126312731283129313031313132313331343135313631373138313931403141314231433144314531463147314831493150315131523153315431553156315731583159316031613162316331643165316631673168316931703171317231733174317531763177317831793180318131823183318431853186318731883189319031913192319331943195319631973198319932003201320232033204320532063207320832093210321132123213321432153216321732183219322032213222322332243225322632273228322932303231323232333234323532363237323832393240324132423243324432453246324732483249325032513252325332543255325632573258325932603261326232633264326532663267326832693270327132723273327432753276327732783279328032813282328332843285328632873288328932903291329232933294329532963297329832993300330133023303330433053306330733083309331033113312331333143315331633173318331933203321332233233324332533263327332833293330333133323333333433353336333733383339334033413342334333443345334633473348334933503351335233533354335533563357335833593360336133623363336433653366336733683369337033713372337333743375337633773378337933803381338233833384338533863387338833893390339133923393339433953396339733983399340034013402340334043405340634073408340934103411341234133414341534163417341834193420342134223423342434253426342734283429343034313432343334343435343634373438343934403441344234433444344534463447344834493450345134523453345434553456345734583459346034613462346334643465346634673468346934703471347234733474347534763477347834793480348134823483348434853486348734883489349034913492349334943495349634973498349935003501350235033504350535063507350835093510351135123513351435153516351735183519352035213522352335243525352635273528352935303531353235333534353535363537353835393540354135423543354435453546354735483549355035513552355335543555355635573558355935603561356235633564356535663567356835693570357135723573357435753576357735783579358035813582358335843585358635873588358935903591359235933594359535963597359835993600360136023603360436053606360736083609361036113612361336143615361636173618361936203621362236233624362536263627362836293630363136323633363436353636363736383639364036413642364336443645364636473648364936503651365236533654365536563657365836593660366136623663366436653666366736683669367036713672367336743675367636773678367936803681368236833684368536863687368836893690369136923693369436953696369736983699370037013702370337043705370637073708370937103711371237133714371537163717371837193720372137223723372437253726372737283729373037313732373337343735373637373738373937403741374237433744374537463747374837493750375137523753375437553756375737583759376037613762376337643765376637673768376937703771377237733774377537763777377837793780378137823783378437853786378737883789379037913792379337943795379637973798379938003801380238033804380538063807380838093810381138123813381438153816381738183819382038213822382338243825382638273828382938303831383238333834383538363837383838393840384138423843384438453846384738483849385038513852385338543855385638573858385938603861386238633864386538663867386838693870387138723873387438753876387738783879388038813882388338843885388638873888388938903891389238933894389538963897389838993900390139023903390439053906390739083909391039113912391339143915391639173918391939203921392239233924392539263927392839293930393139323933393439353936393739383939394039413942394339443945394639473948394939503951395239533954395539563957395839593960396139623963396439653966396739683969397039713972397339743975397639773978397939803981398239833984398539863987398839893990399139923993399439953996399739983999400040014002400340044005400640074008400940104011401240134014401540164017401840194020402140224023402440254026402740284029403040314032403340344035403640374038403940404041404240434044404540464047404840494050405140524053405440554056405740584059406040614062406340644065406640674068406940704071407240734074407540764077407840794080408140824083408440854086408740884089409040914092409340944095409640974098409941004101410241034104410541064107410841094110411141124113411441154116411741184119412041214122412341244125412641274128412941304131413241334134413541364137413841394140414141424143414441454146414741484149415041514152415341544155415641574158415941604161416241634164416541664167416841694170417141724173417441754176417741784179418041814182418341844185418641874188418941904191419241934194419541964197419841994200420142024203420442054206420742084209421042114212421342144215421642174218421942204221422242234224422542264227422842294230423142324233423442354236423742384239424042414242424342444245424642474248424942504251425242534254425542564257425842594260426142624263426442654266426742684269427042714272427342744275427642774278427942804281428242834284428542864287428842894290429142924293429442954296429742984299430043014302430343044305430643074308430943104311431243134314431543164317431843194320432143224323432443254326432743284329433043314332433343344335433643374338433943404341434243434344434543464347434843494350435143524353435443554356435743584359436043614362436343644365436643674368436943704371437243734374437543764377437843794380438143824383438443854386438743884389439043914392439343944395439643974398439944004401440244034404440544064407440844094410441144124413441444154416441744184419442044214422442344244425442644274428442944304431443244334434443544364437443844394440444144424443444444454446444744484449445044514452445344544455445644574458445944604461446244634464446544664467446844694470447144724473447444754476447744784479448044814482448344844485448644874488448944904491449244934494449544964497449844994500450145024503450445054506450745084509451045114512451345144515451645174518451945204521452245234524452545264527452845294530453145324533453445354536453745384539454045414542454345444545454645474548454945504551455245534554455545564557455845594560456145624563456445654566456745684569457045714572457345744575457645774578457945804581458245834584458545864587458845894590459145924593459445954596459745984599460046014602460346044605460646074608460946104611461246134614461546164617461846194620462146224623462446254626462746284629463046314632463346344635463646374638463946404641464246434644464546464647464846494650465146524653465446554656465746584659466046614662466346644665466646674668466946704671467246734674467546764677467846794680468146824683468446854686468746884689469046914692469346944695469646974698469947004701470247034704470547064707470847094710471147124713471447154716471747184719472047214722472347244725472647274728472947304731473247334734473547364737473847394740474147424743474447454746474747484749475047514752475347544755475647574758475947604761476247634764476547664767476847694770477147724773477447754776477747784779478047814782478347844785478647874788478947904791479247934794479547964797479847994800480148024803480448054806480748084809481048114812481348144815481648174818481948204821482248234824482548264827482848294830483148324833483448354836483748384839484048414842484348444845484648474848484948504851485248534854485548564857485848594860486148624863486448654866486748684869487048714872487348744875487648774878487948804881488248834884488548864887488848894890489148924893489448954896489748984899490049014902490349044905490649074908490949104911491249134914491549164917491849194920492149224923492449254926492749284929493049314932493349344935493649374938493949404941494249434944494549464947494849494950495149524953495449554956495749584959496049614962496349644965496649674968496949704971497249734974497549764977497849794980498149824983498449854986498749884989499049914992499349944995499649974998499950005001500250035004500550065007500850095010501150125013501450155016501750185019502050215022502350245025502650275028502950305031503250335034503550365037503850395040504150425043504450455046504750485049505050515052505350545055505650575058505950605061506250635064506550665067506850695070507150725073507450755076507750785079508050815082508350845085508650875088508950905091509250935094509550965097509850995100510151025103510451055106510751085109511051115112511351145115511651175118511951205121512251235124512551265127512851295130513151325133513451355136513751385139514051415142514351445145514651475148514951505151515251535154515551565157515851595160516151625163516451655166516751685169517051715172517351745175517651775178517951805181518251835184518551865187518851895190519151925193519451955196519751985199520052015202520352045205520652075208520952105211521252135214521552165217521852195220522152225223522452255226522752285229523052315232523352345235523652375238523952405241524252435244524552465247524852495250525152525253525452555256525752585259526052615262526352645265526652675268526952705271527252735274527552765277527852795280528152825283528452855286528752885289529052915292529352945295529652975298529953005301530253035304530553065307530853095310531153125313531453155316531753185319532053215322532353245325532653275328532953305331533253335334533553365337533853395340534153425343534453455346534753485349535053515352535353545355535653575358535953605361536253635364536553665367536853695370537153725373537453755376537753785379538053815382538353845385538653875388538953905391539253935394539553965397539853995400540154025403540454055406540754085409541054115412541354145415541654175418541954205421542254235424542554265427542854295430543154325433543454355436543754385439544054415442544354445445544654475448544954505451545254535454545554565457545854595460546154625463546454655466546754685469547054715472547354745475547654775478547954805481548254835484548554865487548854895490549154925493549454955496549754985499550055015502550355045505550655075508550955105511551255135514551555165517551855195520552155225523552455255526552755285529553055315532553355345535553655375538553955405541554255435544554555465547554855495550555155525553555455555556555755585559556055615562556355645565556655675568556955705571557255735574557555765577557855795580558155825583558455855586558755885589559055915592559355945595559655975598559956005601560256035604560556065607560856095610561156125613561456155616561756185619562056215622562356245625562656275628562956305631563256335634563556365637563856395640564156425643564456455646564756485649565056515652565356545655565656575658565956605661566256635664566556665667566856695670567156725673567456755676567756785679568056815682568356845685568656875688568956905691569256935694569556965697569856995700570157025703570457055706570757085709571057115712571357145715571657175718571957205721572257235724572557265727572857295730573157325733573457355736573757385739574057415742574357445745574657475748574957505751575257535754575557565757575857595760576157625763576457655766576757685769577057715772577357745775577657775778577957805781578257835784578557865787578857895790579157925793579457955796579757985799580058015802580358045805580658075808580958105811581258135814581558165817581858195820582158225823582458255826582758285829583058315832583358345835583658375838583958405841584258435844584558465847584858495850585158525853585458555856585758585859586058615862586358645865586658675868586958705871587258735874587558765877587858795880588158825883588458855886588758885889589058915892589358945895589658975898589959005901590259035904590559065907590859095910591159125913591459155916591759185919592059215922592359245925592659275928592959305931593259335934593559365937593859395940594159425943594459455946594759485949595059515952595359545955595659575958595959605961596259635964596559665967596859695970597159725973597459755976597759785979598059815982598359845985598659875988598959905991599259935994599559965997599859996000600160026003600460056006600760086009601060116012601360146015601660176018601960206021602260236024602560266027602860296030603160326033603460356036603760386039604060416042604360446045604660476048604960506051605260536054605560566057605860596060606160626063606460656066606760686069607060716072607360746075607660776078607960806081608260836084608560866087608860896090609160926093609460956096609760986099610061016102610361046105610661076108610961106111611261136114611561166117611861196120612161226123612461256126612761286129613061316132613361346135613661376138613961406141614261436144614561466147614861496150615161526153615461556156615761586159616061616162616361646165616661676168616961706171617261736174617561766177617861796180618161826183618461856186618761886189619061916192619361946195619661976198619962006201620262036204620562066207620862096210621162126213621462156216621762186219622062216222622362246225622662276228622962306231623262336234623562366237623862396240624162426243624462456246624762486249625062516252625362546255625662576258625962606261626262636264626562666267626862696270627162726273627462756276627762786279628062816282628362846285628662876288628962906291629262936294629562966297629862996300630163026303630463056306630763086309631063116312631363146315631663176318631963206321632263236324632563266327632863296330633163326333633463356336633763386339634063416342634363446345634663476348634963506351635263536354635563566357635863596360636163626363636463656366636763686369637063716372637363746375637663776378637963806381638263836384638563866387638863896390639163926393639463956396639763986399640064016402640364046405640664076408640964106411641264136414641564166417641864196420642164226423642464256426642764286429643064316432643364346435643664376438643964406441644264436444644564466447644864496450645164526453645464556456645764586459646064616462646364646465646664676468646964706471647264736474647564766477647864796480648164826483648464856486648764886489649064916492649364946495649664976498649965006501650265036504650565066507650865096510651165126513651465156516651765186519652065216522652365246525652665276528652965306531653265336534653565366537653865396540654165426543654465456546654765486549655065516552655365546555655665576558655965606561656265636564656565666567656865696570657165726573657465756576657765786579658065816582658365846585658665876588658965906591659265936594659565966597659865996600660166026603660466056606660766086609661066116612661366146615661666176618661966206621662266236624662566266627662866296630663166326633663466356636663766386639664066416642664366446645664666476648664966506651665266536654665566566657665866596660666166626663666466656666666766686669667066716672667366746675667666776678667966806681668266836684668566866687668866896690669166926693669466956696669766986699670067016702670367046705670667076708670967106711671267136714671567166717671867196720672167226723672467256726672767286729673067316732673367346735673667376738673967406741674267436744674567466747674867496750675167526753675467556756675767586759676067616762676367646765676667676768676967706771677267736774677567766777677867796780678167826783678467856786678767886789679067916792679367946795679667976798679968006801680268036804680568066807680868096810681168126813681468156816681768186819682068216822682368246825682668276828682968306831683268336834683568366837683868396840684168426843684468456846684768486849685068516852685368546855685668576858685968606861686268636864686568666867686868696870687168726873687468756876687768786879688068816882688368846885688668876888688968906891689268936894689568966897689868996900690169026903690469056906690769086909691069116912691369146915691669176918691969206921692269236924692569266927692869296930693169326933693469356936693769386939694069416942694369446945694669476948694969506951695269536954695569566957695869596960696169626963696469656966696769686969697069716972697369746975697669776978697969806981698269836984698569866987698869896990699169926993699469956996699769986999700070017002700370047005700670077008700970107011701270137014701570167017701870197020702170227023702470257026702770287029703070317032703370347035703670377038703970407041704270437044704570467047704870497050705170527053705470557056705770587059706070617062706370647065706670677068706970707071707270737074707570767077707870797080708170827083708470857086708770887089709070917092709370947095709670977098709971007101710271037104710571067107710871097110711171127113711471157116711771187119712071217122712371247125712671277128712971307131713271337134713571367137713871397140714171427143714471457146714771487149715071517152715371547155715671577158715971607161716271637164716571667167716871697170717171727173717471757176717771787179718071817182718371847185718671877188718971907191719271937194719571967197719871997200720172027203720472057206720772087209721072117212721372147215721672177218721972207221722272237224722572267227722872297230723172327233723472357236723772387239724072417242724372447245724672477248724972507251725272537254725572567257725872597260726172627263726472657266726772687269727072717272727372747275727672777278727972807281728272837284728572867287728872897290729172927293729472957296729772987299730073017302730373047305730673077308730973107311731273137314731573167317731873197320732173227323732473257326732773287329733073317332733373347335733673377338733973407341734273437344734573467347734873497350735173527353735473557356735773587359736073617362736373647365736673677368736973707371737273737374737573767377737873797380738173827383738473857386738773887389739073917392739373947395739673977398739974007401740274037404740574067407740874097410741174127413741474157416741774187419742074217422742374247425742674277428742974307431743274337434743574367437743874397440744174427443744474457446744774487449745074517452745374547455745674577458745974607461746274637464746574667467746874697470747174727473747474757476747774787479748074817482748374847485748674877488748974907491749274937494749574967497749874997500750175027503750475057506750775087509751075117512751375147515751675177518751975207521752275237524752575267527752875297530753175327533753475357536753775387539754075417542754375447545754675477548754975507551755275537554755575567557755875597560756175627563756475657566756775687569757075717572757375747575757675777578757975807581758275837584758575867587758875897590759175927593759475957596759775987599760076017602760376047605760676077608760976107611761276137614761576167617761876197620762176227623762476257626762776287629763076317632763376347635763676377638763976407641764276437644764576467647764876497650765176527653765476557656765776587659766076617662766376647665766676677668766976707671767276737674767576767677767876797680768176827683768476857686768776887689769076917692769376947695769676977698769977007701770277037704770577067707770877097710771177127713771477157716771777187719772077217722772377247725772677277728772977307731773277337734773577367737773877397740774177427743774477457746774777487749775077517752775377547755775677577758775977607761776277637764776577667767776877697770777177727773777477757776777777787779778077817782778377847785778677877788778977907791779277937794779577967797779877997800780178027803780478057806780778087809781078117812781378147815781678177818781978207821782278237824782578267827782878297830783178327833783478357836783778387839784078417842784378447845784678477848784978507851785278537854785578567857785878597860786178627863786478657866786778687869787078717872787378747875787678777878787978807881788278837884788578867887788878897890789178927893789478957896789778987899790079017902790379047905790679077908790979107911791279137914791579167917791879197920792179227923792479257926792779287929793079317932793379347935793679377938793979407941794279437944794579467947794879497950795179527953795479557956795779587959796079617962796379647965796679677968796979707971797279737974797579767977797879797980798179827983798479857986798779887989799079917992799379947995799679977998799980008001800280038004800580068007800880098010801180128013801480158016801780188019802080218022802380248025802680278028802980308031803280338034803580368037803880398040804180428043804480458046804780488049805080518052805380548055805680578058805980608061806280638064806580668067806880698070807180728073807480758076807780788079808080818082808380848085808680878088808980908091809280938094809580968097809880998100810181028103810481058106810781088109811081118112811381148115811681178118811981208121812281238124812581268127812881298130813181328133813481358136813781388139814081418142814381448145814681478148814981508151815281538154815581568157815881598160816181628163816481658166816781688169817081718172817381748175817681778178817981808181818281838184818581868187818881898190819181928193819481958196819781988199820082018202820382048205820682078208820982108211821282138214821582168217821882198220822182228223822482258226822782288229823082318232823382348235823682378238823982408241824282438244824582468247824882498250825182528253825482558256825782588259826082618262826382648265826682678268826982708271827282738274827582768277827882798280828182828283828482858286828782888289829082918292829382948295829682978298829983008301830283038304830583068307830883098310831183128313831483158316831783188319832083218322832383248325832683278328832983308331833283338334833583368337833883398340834183428343834483458346834783488349835083518352835383548355835683578358835983608361836283638364836583668367836883698370837183728373837483758376837783788379838083818382838383848385838683878388838983908391839283938394839583968397839883998400840184028403840484058406840784088409841084118412841384148415841684178418841984208421842284238424842584268427842884298430843184328433843484358436843784388439844084418442844384448445844684478448844984508451845284538454845584568457845884598460846184628463846484658466846784688469847084718472847384748475847684778478847984808481848284838484848584868487848884898490849184928493849484958496849784988499850085018502850385048505850685078508850985108511851285138514851585168517851885198520852185228523852485258526852785288529853085318532853385348535853685378538853985408541854285438544854585468547854885498550855185528553855485558556855785588559856085618562856385648565856685678568856985708571857285738574857585768577857885798580858185828583858485858586858785888589859085918592859385948595859685978598859986008601860286038604860586068607860886098610861186128613861486158616861786188619862086218622862386248625862686278628862986308631863286338634863586368637863886398640864186428643864486458646864786488649865086518652865386548655865686578658865986608661866286638664866586668667866886698670867186728673867486758676867786788679868086818682868386848685868686878688868986908691869286938694869586968697869886998700870187028703870487058706870787088709871087118712871387148715871687178718871987208721872287238724872587268727872887298730873187328733873487358736873787388739874087418742874387448745874687478748874987508751875287538754875587568757875887598760876187628763876487658766876787688769877087718772877387748775877687778778877987808781878287838784878587868787878887898790879187928793879487958796879787988799880088018802880388048805880688078808880988108811881288138814881588168817881888198820882188228823882488258826882788288829883088318832883388348835883688378838883988408841884288438844884588468847884888498850885188528853885488558856885788588859886088618862886388648865886688678868886988708871887288738874887588768877887888798880888188828883888488858886888788888889889088918892889388948895889688978898889989008901890289038904890589068907890889098910891189128913891489158916891789188919892089218922892389248925892689278928892989308931893289338934893589368937893889398940894189428943894489458946894789488949895089518952895389548955895689578958895989608961896289638964896589668967896889698970897189728973897489758976897789788979898089818982898389848985898689878988898989908991899289938994899589968997899889999000900190029003900490059006900790089009901090119012901390149015901690179018901990209021902290239024902590269027902890299030903190329033903490359036903790389039904090419042904390449045904690479048904990509051905290539054905590569057905890599060906190629063906490659066906790689069907090719072907390749075907690779078907990809081908290839084908590869087908890899090909190929093909490959096909790989099910091019102910391049105910691079108910991109111911291139114911591169117911891199120912191229123912491259126912791289129913091319132913391349135913691379138913991409141914291439144914591469147914891499150915191529153915491559156915791589159916091619162916391649165916691679168916991709171917291739174917591769177917891799180918191829183918491859186918791889189919091919192919391949195919691979198919992009201920292039204920592069207920892099210921192129213921492159216921792189219922092219222922392249225922692279228922992309231923292339234923592369237923892399240924192429243924492459246924792489249925092519252925392549255925692579258925992609261926292639264926592669267926892699270927192729273927492759276927792789279928092819282928392849285928692879288928992909291929292939294929592969297929892999300930193029303930493059306930793089309931093119312931393149315931693179318931993209321932293239324932593269327932893299330933193329333933493359336933793389339934093419342934393449345934693479348934993509351935293539354935593569357935893599360936193629363936493659366936793689369937093719372937393749375937693779378937993809381938293839384938593869387938893899390939193929393939493959396939793989399940094019402940394049405940694079408940994109411941294139414941594169417941894199420942194229423942494259426942794289429943094319432943394349435943694379438943994409441944294439444944594469447944894499450945194529453945494559456945794589459946094619462946394649465946694679468946994709471947294739474947594769477947894799480948194829483948494859486948794889489949094919492949394949495949694979498949995009501950295039504950595069507950895099510951195129513951495159516951795189519952095219522952395249525952695279528952995309531953295339534953595369537953895399540954195429543954495459546954795489549955095519552955395549555955695579558955995609561956295639564956595669567956895699570957195729573957495759576957795789579958095819582958395849585958695879588958995909591959295939594959595969597959895999600960196029603960496059606960796089609961096119612961396149615961696179618961996209621962296239624962596269627962896299630963196329633963496359636963796389639964096419642964396449645964696479648964996509651965296539654965596569657965896599660966196629663966496659666966796689669967096719672967396749675967696779678967996809681968296839684968596869687968896899690969196929693969496959696969796989699970097019702970397049705970697079708970997109711971297139714971597169717971897199720972197229723972497259726972797289729973097319732973397349735973697379738973997409741974297439744974597469747974897499750975197529753975497559756975797589759976097619762976397649765976697679768976997709771977297739774977597769777977897799780978197829783978497859786978797889789979097919792979397949795979697979798979998009801980298039804980598069807980898099810981198129813981498159816981798189819982098219822982398249825982698279828982998309831983298339834983598369837983898399840984198429843984498459846984798489849985098519852985398549855985698579858985998609861986298639864986598669867986898699870987198729873987498759876987798789879988098819882988398849885988698879888988998909891989298939894989598969897989898999900990199029903990499059906990799089909991099119912991399149915991699179918991999209921992299239924992599269927992899299930993199329933993499359936993799389939994099419942994399449945994699479948994999509951995299539954995599569957995899599960996199629963996499659966996799689969997099719972997399749975997699779978997999809981998299839984998599869987998899899990999199929993999499959996999799989999100001000110002100031000410005100061000710008100091001010011100121001310014100151001610017100181001910020100211002210023100241002510026100271002810029100301003110032100331003410035100361003710038100391004010041100421004310044100451004610047100481004910050100511005210053100541005510056100571005810059100601006110062100631006410065100661006710068100691007010071100721007310074100751007610077100781007910080100811008210083100841008510086100871008810089100901009110092100931009410095100961009710098100991010010101101021010310104101051010610107101081010910110101111011210113101141011510116101171011810119101201012110122101231012410125101261012710128101291013010131101321013310134101351013610137101381013910140101411014210143101441014510146101471014810149101501015110152101531015410155101561015710158101591016010161101621016310164101651016610167101681016910170101711017210173101741017510176101771017810179101801018110182101831018410185101861018710188101891019010191101921019310194101951019610197101981019910200102011020210203102041020510206102071020810209102101021110212102131021410215102161021710218102191022010221102221022310224102251022610227102281022910230102311023210233102341023510236102371023810239102401024110242102431024410245102461024710248102491025010251102521025310254102551025610257102581025910260102611026210263102641026510266102671026810269102701027110272102731027410275102761027710278102791028010281102821028310284102851028610287102881028910290102911029210293102941029510296102971029810299103001030110302103031030410305103061030710308103091031010311103121031310314103151031610317103181031910320103211032210323103241032510326103271032810329103301033110332103331033410335103361033710338103391034010341103421034310344103451034610347103481034910350103511035210353103541035510356103571035810359103601036110362103631036410365103661036710368103691037010371103721037310374103751037610377103781037910380103811038210383103841038510386103871038810389103901039110392103931039410395103961039710398103991040010401104021040310404104051040610407104081040910410104111041210413104141041510416104171041810419104201042110422104231042410425104261042710428104291043010431104321043310434104351043610437104381043910440104411044210443104441044510446104471044810449104501045110452104531045410455104561045710458104591046010461104621046310464104651046610467104681046910470104711047210473104741047510476104771047810479104801048110482104831048410485104861048710488104891049010491104921049310494104951049610497104981049910500105011050210503105041050510506105071050810509105101051110512105131051410515105161051710518105191052010521105221052310524105251052610527105281052910530105311053210533105341053510536105371053810539105401054110542105431054410545105461054710548105491055010551105521055310554105551055610557105581055910560105611056210563105641056510566105671056810569105701057110572105731057410575105761057710578105791058010581105821058310584105851058610587105881058910590105911059210593105941059510596105971059810599106001060110602106031060410605106061060710608106091061010611106121061310614106151061610617106181061910620106211062210623106241062510626106271062810629106301063110632106331063410635106361063710638106391064010641106421064310644106451064610647106481064910650106511065210653106541065510656106571065810659106601066110662106631066410665106661066710668106691067010671106721067310674106751067610677106781067910680106811068210683106841068510686106871068810689106901069110692106931069410695106961069710698106991070010701107021070310704107051070610707107081070910710107111071210713107141071510716107171071810719107201072110722107231072410725107261072710728107291073010731107321073310734107351073610737107381073910740107411074210743107441074510746107471074810749107501075110752107531075410755107561075710758107591076010761107621076310764107651076610767107681076910770107711077210773107741077510776107771077810779107801078110782107831078410785107861078710788107891079010791107921079310794107951079610797107981079910800108011080210803108041080510806108071080810809108101081110812108131081410815108161081710818108191082010821108221082310824108251082610827108281082910830108311083210833108341083510836108371083810839108401084110842108431084410845108461084710848108491085010851108521085310854108551085610857108581085910860108611086210863108641086510866108671086810869108701087110872108731087410875108761087710878108791088010881108821088310884108851088610887108881088910890108911089210893108941089510896108971089810899109001090110902109031090410905109061090710908109091091010911109121091310914109151091610917109181091910920109211092210923109241092510926109271092810929109301093110932109331093410935109361093710938109391094010941109421094310944109451094610947109481094910950109511095210953109541095510956109571095810959109601096110962109631096410965109661096710968109691097010971109721097310974109751097610977109781097910980109811098210983109841098510986109871098810989109901099110992109931099410995109961099710998109991100011001110021100311004110051100611007110081100911010110111101211013110141101511016110171101811019110201102111022110231102411025110261102711028110291103011031110321103311034110351103611037110381103911040110411104211043110441104511046110471104811049110501105111052110531105411055110561105711058110591106011061110621106311064110651106611067110681106911070110711107211073110741107511076110771107811079110801108111082110831108411085110861108711088110891109011091110921109311094110951109611097110981109911100111011110211103111041110511106111071110811109111101111111112111131111411115111161111711118111191112011121111221112311124111251112611127111281112911130111311113211133111341113511136111371113811139111401114111142111431114411145111461114711148111491115011151111521115311154111551115611157111581115911160111611116211163111641116511166111671116811169111701117111172111731117411175111761117711178111791118011181111821118311184111851118611187111881118911190111911119211193111941119511196111971119811199112001120111202112031120411205112061120711208112091121011211112121121311214112151121611217112181121911220112211122211223112241122511226112271122811229112301123111232112331123411235112361123711238112391124011241112421124311244112451124611247112481124911250112511125211253112541125511256112571125811259112601126111262112631126411265112661126711268112691127011271112721127311274112751127611277112781127911280112811128211283112841128511286112871128811289112901129111292112931129411295112961129711298112991130011301113021130311304113051130611307113081130911310113111131211313113141131511316113171131811319113201132111322113231132411325113261132711328113291133011331113321133311334113351133611337113381133911340113411134211343113441134511346113471134811349113501135111352113531135411355113561135711358113591136011361113621136311364113651136611367113681136911370113711137211373113741137511376113771137811379113801138111382113831138411385113861138711388113891139011391113921139311394113951139611397113981139911400114011140211403114041140511406114071140811409114101141111412114131141411415114161141711418114191142011421114221142311424114251142611427114281142911430114311143211433114341143511436114371143811439114401144111442114431144411445114461144711448114491145011451114521145311454114551145611457114581145911460114611146211463114641146511466114671146811469114701147111472114731147411475114761147711478114791148011481114821148311484114851148611487114881148911490114911149211493114941149511496114971149811499115001150111502115031150411505115061150711508115091151011511115121151311514115151151611517115181151911520115211152211523115241152511526115271152811529115301153111532115331153411535115361153711538115391154011541115421154311544115451154611547115481154911550115511155211553115541155511556115571155811559115601156111562115631156411565115661156711568115691157011571115721157311574115751157611577115781157911580115811158211583115841158511586115871158811589115901159111592115931159411595115961159711598115991160011601116021160311604116051160611607116081160911610116111161211613116141161511616116171161811619116201162111622116231162411625116261162711628116291163011631116321163311634116351163611637116381163911640116411164211643116441164511646116471164811649116501165111652116531165411655116561165711658116591166011661116621166311664116651166611667116681166911670116711167211673116741167511676116771167811679116801168111682116831168411685116861168711688116891169011691116921169311694116951169611697116981169911700117011170211703117041170511706117071170811709117101171111712117131171411715117161171711718117191172011721117221172311724117251172611727117281172911730117311173211733117341173511736117371173811739117401174111742117431174411745117461174711748117491175011751117521175311754117551175611757117581175911760117611176211763117641176511766117671176811769117701177111772117731177411775117761177711778117791178011781117821178311784117851178611787117881178911790117911179211793117941179511796117971179811799118001180111802118031180411805118061180711808118091181011811118121181311814118151181611817118181181911820118211182211823118241182511826118271182811829118301183111832118331183411835118361183711838118391184011841118421184311844118451184611847118481184911850118511185211853118541185511856118571185811859118601186111862118631186411865118661186711868118691187011871118721187311874118751187611877118781187911880118811188211883118841188511886118871188811889118901189111892118931189411895118961189711898118991190011901119021190311904119051190611907119081190911910119111191211913119141191511916119171191811919119201192111922119231192411925119261192711928119291193011931119321193311934119351193611937119381193911940119411194211943119441194511946119471194811949119501195111952119531195411955119561195711958119591196011961119621196311964119651196611967119681196911970119711197211973119741197511976119771197811979119801198111982119831198411985119861198711988119891199011991119921199311994119951199611997119981199912000120011200212003120041200512006120071200812009120101201112012120131201412015120161201712018120191202012021120221202312024120251202612027120281202912030120311203212033120341203512036120371203812039120401204112042120431204412045120461204712048120491205012051120521205312054120551205612057120581205912060120611206212063120641206512066120671206812069120701207112072120731207412075120761207712078120791208012081120821208312084120851208612087120881208912090120911209212093120941209512096120971209812099121001210112102121031210412105121061210712108121091211012111121121211312114121151211612117121181211912120121211212212123121241212512126121271212812129121301213112132121331213412135121361213712138121391214012141121421214312144121451214612147121481214912150121511215212153121541215512156121571215812159121601216112162121631216412165121661216712168121691217012171121721217312174121751217612177121781217912180121811218212183121841218512186121871218812189121901219112192121931219412195121961219712198121991220012201122021220312204122051220612207122081220912210122111221212213122141221512216122171221812219122201222112222122231222412225122261222712228122291223012231122321223312234122351223612237122381223912240122411224212243122441224512246122471224812249122501225112252122531225412255122561225712258122591226012261122621226312264122651226612267122681226912270122711227212273122741227512276122771227812279122801228112282122831228412285122861228712288122891229012291122921229312294122951229612297122981229912300123011230212303123041230512306123071230812309123101231112312123131231412315123161231712318123191232012321123221232312324123251232612327123281232912330123311233212333123341233512336123371233812339123401234112342123431234412345123461234712348123491235012351123521235312354123551235612357123581235912360123611236212363123641236512366123671236812369123701237112372123731237412375123761237712378123791238012381123821238312384123851238612387123881238912390123911239212393123941239512396123971239812399124001240112402124031240412405124061240712408124091241012411124121241312414124151241612417124181241912420124211242212423124241242512426124271242812429124301243112432124331243412435124361243712438124391244012441124421244312444124451244612447124481244912450124511245212453124541245512456124571245812459124601246112462124631246412465124661246712468124691247012471124721247312474124751247612477124781247912480124811248212483124841248512486124871248812489124901249112492124931249412495124961249712498124991250012501125021250312504125051250612507125081250912510125111251212513125141251512516125171251812519125201252112522125231252412525125261252712528125291253012531125321253312534125351253612537125381253912540125411254212543125441254512546125471254812549125501255112552125531255412555125561255712558125591256012561125621256312564125651256612567125681256912570125711257212573125741257512576125771257812579125801258112582125831258412585125861258712588125891259012591125921259312594125951259612597125981259912600126011260212603126041260512606126071260812609126101261112612126131261412615126161261712618126191262012621126221262312624126251262612627126281262912630126311263212633126341263512636126371263812639126401264112642126431264412645126461264712648126491265012651126521265312654126551265612657126581265912660126611266212663126641266512666126671266812669126701267112672126731267412675126761267712678126791268012681126821268312684126851268612687126881268912690126911269212693126941269512696126971269812699127001270112702127031270412705127061270712708127091271012711127121271312714127151271612717127181271912720127211272212723127241272512726127271272812729127301273112732127331273412735127361273712738127391274012741127421274312744127451274612747127481274912750127511275212753127541275512756127571275812759127601276112762127631276412765127661276712768127691277012771127721277312774127751277612777127781277912780127811278212783127841278512786127871278812789127901279112792127931279412795127961279712798127991280012801128021280312804128051280612807128081280912810128111281212813128141281512816128171281812819128201282112822128231282412825128261282712828128291283012831128321283312834128351283612837128381283912840128411284212843128441284512846128471284812849128501285112852128531285412855128561285712858128591286012861128621286312864128651286612867128681286912870128711287212873128741287512876128771287812879128801288112882128831288412885128861288712888128891289012891128921289312894128951289612897128981289912900129011290212903129041290512906129071290812909129101291112912129131291412915129161291712918129191292012921129221292312924129251292612927129281292912930129311293212933129341293512936129371293812939129401294112942129431294412945129461294712948129491295012951129521295312954129551295612957129581295912960129611296212963129641296512966129671296812969129701297112972129731297412975129761297712978129791298012981129821298312984129851298612987129881298912990129911299212993129941299512996129971299812999130001300113002130031300413005130061300713008130091301013011130121301313014130151301613017130181301913020130211302213023130241302513026130271302813029130301303113032130331303413035130361303713038130391304013041130421304313044130451304613047130481304913050130511305213053130541305513056130571305813059130601306113062130631306413065130661306713068130691307013071130721307313074130751307613077130781307913080130811308213083130841308513086130871308813089130901309113092130931309413095130961309713098130991310013101131021310313104131051310613107131081310913110131111311213113131141311513116131171311813119131201312113122131231312413125131261312713128131291313013131131321313313134131351313613137131381313913140131411314213143131441314513146131471314813149131501315113152131531315413155131561315713158131591316013161131621316313164131651316613167131681316913170131711317213173131741317513176131771317813179131801318113182131831318413185131861318713188131891319013191131921319313194131951319613197131981319913200132011320213203132041320513206132071320813209132101321113212132131321413215132161321713218132191322013221132221322313224132251322613227132281322913230132311323213233132341323513236132371323813239132401324113242132431324413245132461324713248132491325013251132521325313254132551325613257132581325913260132611326213263132641326513266132671326813269132701327113272132731327413275132761327713278132791328013281132821328313284132851328613287132881328913290132911329213293132941329513296132971329813299133001330113302133031330413305133061330713308133091331013311133121331313314133151331613317133181331913320133211332213323133241332513326133271332813329133301333113332133331333413335133361333713338133391334013341133421334313344133451334613347133481334913350133511335213353133541335513356133571335813359133601336113362133631336413365133661336713368133691337013371133721337313374133751337613377133781337913380133811338213383133841338513386133871338813389133901339113392133931339413395133961339713398133991340013401134021340313404134051340613407134081340913410134111341213413134141341513416134171341813419134201342113422134231342413425134261342713428134291343013431134321343313434134351343613437134381343913440134411344213443134441344513446134471344813449134501345113452134531345413455134561345713458134591346013461134621346313464134651346613467134681346913470134711347213473134741347513476134771347813479134801348113482134831348413485134861348713488134891349013491134921349313494134951349613497134981349913500135011350213503135041350513506135071350813509135101351113512135131351413515135161351713518135191352013521135221352313524135251352613527135281352913530135311353213533135341353513536135371353813539135401354113542135431354413545135461354713548135491355013551135521355313554135551355613557135581355913560135611356213563135641356513566135671356813569135701357113572135731357413575135761357713578135791358013581135821358313584135851358613587135881358913590135911359213593135941359513596135971359813599136001360113602136031360413605136061360713608136091361013611136121361313614136151361613617136181361913620136211362213623136241362513626136271362813629136301363113632136331363413635136361363713638136391364013641136421364313644136451364613647136481364913650136511365213653136541365513656136571365813659136601366113662136631366413665136661366713668136691367013671136721367313674136751367613677136781367913680136811368213683136841368513686136871368813689136901369113692136931369413695136961369713698136991370013701137021370313704137051370613707137081370913710137111371213713137141371513716137171371813719137201372113722137231372413725137261372713728137291373013731137321373313734137351373613737137381373913740137411374213743137441374513746137471374813749137501375113752137531375413755137561375713758137591376013761137621376313764137651376613767137681376913770137711377213773137741377513776137771377813779137801378113782137831378413785137861378713788137891379013791137921379313794137951379613797137981379913800138011380213803138041380513806138071380813809138101381113812138131381413815138161381713818138191382013821138221382313824138251382613827138281382913830138311383213833138341383513836138371383813839138401384113842138431384413845138461384713848138491385013851138521385313854138551385613857138581385913860138611386213863138641386513866138671386813869138701387113872138731387413875138761387713878138791388013881138821388313884138851388613887138881388913890138911389213893138941389513896138971389813899139001390113902139031390413905139061390713908139091391013911139121391313914139151391613917139181391913920139211392213923139241392513926139271392813929139301393113932139331393413935139361393713938139391394013941139421394313944139451394613947139481394913950139511395213953139541395513956139571395813959139601396113962139631396413965139661396713968139691397013971139721397313974139751397613977139781397913980139811398213983139841398513986139871398813989139901399113992139931399413995139961399713998139991400014001140021400314004140051400614007140081400914010140111401214013140141401514016140171401814019140201402114022140231402414025140261402714028140291403014031140321403314034140351403614037140381403914040140411404214043140441404514046140471404814049140501405114052140531405414055140561405714058140591406014061140621406314064140651406614067140681406914070140711407214073140741407514076140771407814079140801408114082140831408414085140861408714088140891409014091140921409314094140951409614097140981409914100141011410214103141041410514106141071410814109141101411114112141131411414115141161411714118141191412014121141221412314124141251412614127141281412914130141311413214133141341413514136141371413814139141401414114142141431414414145141461414714148141491415014151141521415314154141551415614157141581415914160141611416214163141641416514166141671416814169141701417114172141731417414175141761417714178141791418014181141821418314184141851418614187141881418914190141911419214193141941419514196141971419814199142001420114202142031420414205142061420714208142091421014211142121421314214142151421614217142181421914220142211422214223142241422514226142271422814229142301423114232142331423414235142361423714238142391424014241142421424314244142451424614247142481424914250142511425214253142541425514256142571425814259142601426114262142631426414265142661426714268142691427014271142721427314274142751427614277142781427914280142811428214283142841428514286142871428814289142901429114292142931429414295142961429714298142991430014301143021430314304143051430614307143081430914310143111431214313143141431514316143171431814319143201432114322143231432414325143261432714328143291433014331143321433314334143351433614337143381433914340143411434214343143441434514346143471434814349143501435114352143531435414355143561435714358143591436014361143621436314364143651436614367143681436914370143711437214373143741437514376143771437814379143801438114382143831438414385143861438714388143891439014391143921439314394143951439614397143981439914400144011440214403144041440514406144071440814409144101441114412144131441414415144161441714418144191442014421144221442314424144251442614427144281442914430144311443214433144341443514436144371443814439144401444114442144431444414445144461444714448144491445014451144521445314454144551445614457144581445914460144611446214463144641446514466144671446814469144701447114472144731447414475144761447714478144791448014481144821448314484144851448614487144881448914490144911449214493144941449514496144971449814499145001450114502145031450414505145061450714508145091451014511145121451314514145151451614517145181451914520145211452214523145241452514526145271452814529145301453114532145331453414535145361453714538145391454014541145421454314544145451454614547145481454914550145511455214553145541455514556145571455814559145601456114562145631456414565145661456714568145691457014571145721457314574145751457614577145781457914580145811458214583145841458514586145871458814589145901459114592145931459414595145961459714598145991460014601146021460314604146051460614607146081460914610146111461214613146141461514616146171461814619146201462114622146231462414625146261462714628146291463014631146321463314634146351463614637146381463914640146411464214643146441464514646146471464814649146501465114652146531465414655146561465714658146591466014661146621466314664146651466614667146681466914670146711467214673146741467514676146771467814679146801468114682146831468414685146861468714688146891469014691146921469314694146951469614697146981469914700147011470214703147041470514706147071470814709147101471114712147131471414715147161471714718147191472014721147221472314724147251472614727147281472914730147311473214733147341473514736147371473814739147401474114742147431474414745147461474714748147491475014751147521475314754147551475614757147581475914760147611476214763147641476514766147671476814769147701477114772147731477414775147761477714778147791478014781147821478314784147851478614787147881478914790147911479214793147941479514796147971479814799148001480114802148031480414805148061480714808148091481014811148121481314814148151481614817148181481914820148211482214823148241482514826148271482814829148301483114832148331483414835148361483714838148391484014841148421484314844148451484614847148481484914850148511485214853148541485514856148571485814859148601486114862148631486414865148661486714868148691487014871148721487314874148751487614877148781487914880148811488214883148841488514886148871488814889148901489114892148931489414895148961489714898148991490014901149021490314904149051490614907149081490914910149111491214913149141491514916149171491814919149201492114922149231492414925149261492714928149291493014931149321493314934149351493614937149381493914940149411494214943149441494514946149471494814949149501495114952149531495414955149561495714958149591496014961149621496314964149651496614967149681496914970149711497214973149741497514976149771497814979149801498114982149831498414985149861498714988149891499014991149921499314994149951499614997149981499915000150011500215003150041500515006150071500815009150101501115012150131501415015150161501715018150191502015021150221502315024150251502615027150281502915030150311503215033150341503515036150371503815039150401504115042150431504415045150461504715048150491505015051150521505315054150551505615057150581505915060150611506215063150641506515066150671506815069150701507115072150731507415075150761507715078150791508015081150821508315084150851508615087150881508915090150911509215093150941509515096150971509815099151001510115102151031510415105151061510715108151091511015111151121511315114151151511615117151181511915120151211512215123151241512515126151271512815129151301513115132151331513415135151361513715138151391514015141151421514315144151451514615147151481514915150151511515215153151541515515156151571515815159151601516115162151631516415165151661516715168151691517015171151721517315174151751517615177151781517915180151811518215183151841518515186151871518815189151901519115192151931519415195151961519715198151991520015201152021520315204152051520615207152081520915210152111521215213152141521515216152171521815219152201522115222152231522415225152261522715228152291523015231152321523315234152351523615237152381523915240152411524215243152441524515246152471524815249152501525115252152531525415255152561525715258152591526015261152621526315264152651526615267152681526915270152711527215273152741527515276152771527815279152801528115282152831528415285152861528715288152891529015291152921529315294152951529615297152981529915300153011530215303153041530515306153071530815309153101531115312153131531415315153161531715318153191532015321153221532315324153251532615327153281532915330153311533215333153341533515336153371533815339153401534115342153431534415345153461534715348153491535015351153521535315354153551535615357153581535915360153611536215363153641536515366153671536815369153701537115372153731537415375153761537715378153791538015381153821538315384153851538615387153881538915390153911539215393153941539515396153971539815399154001540115402154031540415405154061540715408154091541015411154121541315414154151541615417154181541915420154211542215423154241542515426154271542815429154301543115432154331543415435154361543715438154391544015441154421544315444154451544615447154481544915450154511545215453154541545515456154571545815459154601546115462154631546415465154661546715468154691547015471154721547315474154751547615477154781547915480154811548215483154841548515486154871548815489154901549115492154931549415495154961549715498154991550015501155021550315504155051550615507155081550915510155111551215513155141551515516155171551815519155201552115522155231552415525155261552715528155291553015531155321553315534155351553615537155381553915540155411554215543155441554515546155471554815549155501555115552155531555415555155561555715558155591556015561155621556315564155651556615567155681556915570155711557215573155741557515576155771557815579155801558115582155831558415585155861558715588155891559015591155921559315594155951559615597155981559915600156011560215603156041560515606156071560815609156101561115612156131561415615156161561715618156191562015621156221562315624156251562615627156281562915630156311563215633156341563515636156371563815639156401564115642156431564415645156461564715648156491565015651156521565315654156551565615657156581565915660156611566215663156641566515666156671566815669156701567115672156731567415675156761567715678156791568015681156821568315684156851568615687156881568915690156911569215693156941569515696156971569815699157001570115702157031570415705157061570715708157091571015711157121571315714157151571615717157181571915720157211572215723157241572515726157271572815729157301573115732157331573415735157361573715738157391574015741157421574315744157451574615747157481574915750157511575215753157541575515756157571575815759157601576115762157631576415765157661576715768157691577015771157721577315774157751577615777157781577915780157811578215783157841578515786157871578815789157901579115792157931579415795157961579715798157991580015801158021580315804158051580615807158081580915810158111581215813158141581515816158171581815819158201582115822158231582415825158261582715828158291583015831158321583315834158351583615837158381583915840158411584215843158441584515846158471584815849158501585115852158531585415855158561585715858158591586015861158621586315864158651586615867158681586915870158711587215873158741587515876158771587815879158801588115882158831588415885158861588715888158891589015891158921589315894158951589615897158981589915900159011590215903159041590515906159071590815909159101591115912159131591415915159161591715918159191592015921159221592315924159251592615927159281592915930159311593215933159341593515936159371593815939159401594115942159431594415945159461594715948159491595015951159521595315954159551595615957159581595915960159611596215963159641596515966159671596815969159701597115972159731597415975159761597715978159791598015981159821598315984159851598615987159881598915990159911599215993159941599515996159971599815999160001600116002160031600416005160061600716008160091601016011160121601316014160151601616017160181601916020160211602216023160241602516026160271602816029160301603116032160331603416035160361603716038160391604016041160421604316044160451604616047160481604916050160511605216053160541605516056160571605816059160601606116062160631606416065160661606716068160691607016071160721607316074160751607616077160781607916080160811608216083160841608516086160871608816089160901609116092160931609416095160961609716098160991610016101161021610316104161051610616107161081610916110161111611216113161141611516116161171611816119161201612116122161231612416125161261612716128161291613016131161321613316134161351613616137161381613916140161411614216143161441614516146161471614816149161501615116152161531615416155161561615716158161591616016161161621616316164161651616616167161681616916170161711617216173161741617516176161771617816179161801618116182161831618416185161861618716188161891619016191161921619316194161951619616197161981619916200162011620216203162041620516206162071620816209162101621116212162131621416215162161621716218162191622016221162221622316224162251622616227162281622916230162311623216233162341623516236162371623816239162401624116242162431624416245162461624716248162491625016251162521625316254162551625616257162581625916260162611626216263162641626516266162671626816269162701627116272162731627416275162761627716278162791628016281162821628316284162851628616287162881628916290162911629216293162941629516296162971629816299163001630116302163031630416305163061630716308163091631016311163121631316314163151631616317163181631916320163211632216323163241632516326163271632816329163301633116332163331633416335163361633716338163391634016341163421634316344163451634616347163481634916350163511635216353163541635516356163571635816359163601636116362163631636416365163661636716368163691637016371163721637316374163751637616377163781637916380163811638216383163841638516386163871638816389163901639116392163931639416395163961639716398163991640016401164021640316404164051640616407164081640916410164111641216413164141641516416164171641816419164201642116422164231642416425164261642716428164291643016431164321643316434164351643616437164381643916440164411644216443164441644516446164471644816449164501645116452164531645416455164561645716458164591646016461164621646316464164651646616467164681646916470164711647216473164741647516476164771647816479164801648116482164831648416485164861648716488164891649016491164921649316494164951649616497164981649916500165011650216503165041650516506165071650816509165101651116512165131651416515165161651716518165191652016521165221652316524165251652616527165281652916530165311653216533165341653516536165371653816539165401654116542165431654416545165461654716548165491655016551165521655316554165551655616557165581655916560165611656216563165641656516566165671656816569165701657116572165731657416575165761657716578165791658016581165821658316584165851658616587165881658916590165911659216593165941659516596165971659816599166001660116602166031660416605166061660716608166091661016611166121661316614166151661616617166181661916620166211662216623166241662516626166271662816629166301663116632166331663416635166361663716638166391664016641166421664316644166451664616647166481664916650166511665216653166541665516656166571665816659166601666116662166631666416665166661666716668166691667016671166721667316674166751667616677166781667916680166811668216683166841668516686166871668816689166901669116692166931669416695166961669716698166991670016701167021670316704167051670616707167081670916710167111671216713167141671516716167171671816719167201672116722167231672416725167261672716728167291673016731167321673316734167351673616737167381673916740167411674216743167441674516746167471674816749167501675116752167531675416755167561675716758167591676016761167621676316764167651676616767167681676916770167711677216773167741677516776167771677816779167801678116782167831678416785167861678716788167891679016791167921679316794167951679616797167981679916800168011680216803168041680516806168071680816809168101681116812168131681416815168161681716818168191682016821168221682316824168251682616827168281682916830168311683216833168341683516836168371683816839168401684116842168431684416845168461684716848168491685016851168521685316854168551685616857168581685916860168611686216863168641686516866168671686816869168701687116872168731687416875168761687716878168791688016881168821688316884168851688616887168881688916890168911689216893168941689516896168971689816899169001690116902169031690416905169061690716908169091691016911169121691316914169151691616917169181691916920169211692216923169241692516926169271692816929169301693116932169331693416935169361693716938169391694016941169421694316944169451694616947169481694916950169511695216953169541695516956169571695816959169601696116962169631696416965169661696716968169691697016971169721697316974169751697616977169781697916980169811698216983169841698516986169871698816989169901699116992169931699416995169961699716998169991700017001170021700317004170051700617007170081700917010170111701217013170141701517016170171701817019170201702117022170231702417025170261702717028170291703017031170321703317034170351703617037170381703917040170411704217043170441704517046170471704817049170501705117052170531705417055170561705717058170591706017061170621706317064170651706617067170681706917070170711707217073170741707517076170771707817079170801708117082170831708417085170861708717088170891709017091170921709317094170951709617097170981709917100171011710217103171041710517106171071710817109171101711117112171131711417115171161711717118171191712017121171221712317124171251712617127171281712917130171311713217133171341713517136171371713817139171401714117142171431714417145171461714717148171491715017151171521715317154171551715617157171581715917160171611716217163171641716517166171671716817169171701717117172171731717417175171761717717178171791718017181171821718317184171851718617187171881718917190171911719217193171941719517196171971719817199172001720117202172031720417205172061720717208172091721017211172121721317214172151721617217172181721917220172211722217223172241722517226172271722817229172301723117232172331723417235172361723717238172391724017241172421724317244172451724617247172481724917250172511725217253172541725517256172571725817259172601726117262172631726417265172661726717268172691727017271172721727317274172751727617277172781727917280172811728217283172841728517286172871728817289172901729117292172931729417295172961729717298172991730017301173021730317304173051730617307173081730917310173111731217313173141731517316173171731817319173201732117322173231732417325173261732717328173291733017331173321733317334173351733617337173381733917340173411734217343173441734517346173471734817349173501735117352173531735417355173561735717358173591736017361173621736317364173651736617367173681736917370173711737217373173741737517376173771737817379173801738117382173831738417385173861738717388173891739017391173921739317394173951739617397173981739917400174011740217403174041740517406174071740817409174101741117412174131741417415174161741717418174191742017421174221742317424174251742617427174281742917430174311743217433174341743517436174371743817439174401744117442174431744417445174461744717448174491745017451174521745317454174551745617457174581745917460174611746217463174641746517466174671746817469174701747117472174731747417475174761747717478174791748017481174821748317484174851748617487174881748917490174911749217493174941749517496174971749817499175001750117502175031750417505175061750717508175091751017511175121751317514175151751617517175181751917520175211752217523175241752517526175271752817529175301753117532175331753417535175361753717538175391754017541175421754317544175451754617547175481754917550175511755217553175541755517556175571755817559175601756117562175631756417565175661756717568175691757017571175721757317574175751757617577175781757917580175811758217583175841758517586175871758817589175901759117592175931759417595175961759717598175991760017601176021760317604176051760617607176081760917610176111761217613176141761517616176171761817619176201762117622176231762417625176261762717628176291763017631176321763317634176351763617637176381763917640176411764217643176441764517646176471764817649176501765117652176531765417655176561765717658176591766017661176621766317664176651766617667176681766917670176711767217673176741767517676176771767817679176801768117682176831768417685176861768717688176891769017691176921769317694176951769617697176981769917700177011770217703177041770517706177071770817709177101771117712177131771417715177161771717718177191772017721177221772317724177251772617727177281772917730177311773217733177341773517736177371773817739177401774117742177431774417745177461774717748177491775017751177521775317754177551775617757177581775917760177611776217763177641776517766177671776817769177701777117772177731777417775177761777717778177791778017781177821778317784177851778617787177881778917790177911779217793177941779517796177971779817799178001780117802178031780417805178061780717808178091781017811178121781317814178151781617817178181781917820178211782217823178241782517826178271782817829178301783117832178331783417835178361783717838178391784017841178421784317844178451784617847178481784917850178511785217853178541785517856178571785817859178601786117862178631786417865178661786717868178691787017871178721787317874178751787617877178781787917880178811788217883178841788517886178871788817889178901789117892178931789417895178961789717898178991790017901179021790317904179051790617907179081790917910179111791217913179141791517916179171791817919179201792117922179231792417925179261792717928179291793017931179321793317934179351793617937179381793917940179411794217943179441794517946179471794817949179501795117952179531795417955179561795717958179591796017961179621796317964179651796617967179681796917970179711797217973179741797517976179771797817979179801798117982179831798417985179861798717988179891799017991179921799317994179951799617997179981799918000180011800218003180041800518006180071800818009180101801118012180131801418015180161801718018180191802018021180221802318024180251802618027180281802918030180311803218033180341803518036180371803818039180401804118042180431804418045180461804718048180491805018051180521805318054180551805618057180581805918060180611806218063180641806518066180671806818069180701807118072180731807418075180761807718078180791808018081180821808318084180851808618087180881808918090180911809218093180941809518096180971809818099181001810118102181031810418105181061810718108181091811018111181121811318114181151811618117181181811918120181211812218123181241812518126181271812818129181301813118132181331813418135181361813718138181391814018141181421814318144181451814618147181481814918150181511815218153181541815518156181571815818159181601816118162181631816418165181661816718168181691817018171181721817318174181751817618177181781817918180181811818218183181841818518186181871818818189181901819118192181931819418195181961819718198181991820018201182021820318204182051820618207182081820918210182111821218213182141821518216182171821818219182201822118222182231822418225182261822718228182291823018231182321823318234182351823618237182381823918240182411824218243182441824518246182471824818249182501825118252182531825418255182561825718258182591826018261182621826318264182651826618267182681826918270182711827218273182741827518276182771827818279182801828118282182831828418285182861828718288182891829018291182921829318294182951829618297182981829918300183011830218303183041830518306183071830818309183101831118312183131831418315183161831718318183191832018321183221832318324183251832618327183281832918330183311833218333183341833518336183371833818339183401834118342183431834418345183461834718348183491835018351183521835318354183551835618357183581835918360183611836218363183641836518366183671836818369183701837118372183731837418375183761837718378183791838018381183821838318384183851838618387183881838918390183911839218393183941839518396183971839818399184001840118402184031840418405184061840718408184091841018411184121841318414184151841618417184181841918420184211842218423184241842518426184271842818429184301843118432184331843418435184361843718438184391844018441184421844318444184451844618447184481844918450184511845218453184541845518456184571845818459184601846118462184631846418465184661846718468184691847018471184721847318474184751847618477184781847918480184811848218483184841848518486184871848818489184901849118492184931849418495184961849718498184991850018501185021850318504185051850618507185081850918510185111851218513185141851518516185171851818519185201852118522185231852418525185261852718528185291853018531185321853318534185351853618537185381853918540185411854218543185441854518546185471854818549185501855118552185531855418555185561855718558185591856018561185621856318564185651856618567185681856918570185711857218573185741857518576185771857818579185801858118582185831858418585185861858718588185891859018591185921859318594185951859618597185981859918600186011860218603186041860518606186071860818609186101861118612186131861418615186161861718618186191862018621186221862318624186251862618627186281862918630186311863218633186341863518636186371863818639186401864118642186431864418645186461864718648186491865018651186521865318654186551865618657186581865918660186611866218663186641866518666186671866818669186701867118672186731867418675186761867718678186791868018681186821868318684186851868618687186881868918690186911869218693186941869518696186971869818699187001870118702187031870418705187061870718708187091871018711187121871318714187151871618717187181871918720187211872218723187241872518726187271872818729187301873118732187331873418735187361873718738187391874018741187421874318744187451874618747187481874918750187511875218753187541875518756187571875818759187601876118762187631876418765187661876718768187691877018771187721877318774187751877618777187781877918780187811878218783187841878518786187871878818789187901879118792187931879418795187961879718798187991880018801188021880318804188051880618807188081880918810188111881218813188141881518816188171881818819188201882118822188231882418825188261882718828188291883018831188321883318834188351883618837188381883918840188411884218843188441884518846188471884818849188501885118852188531885418855188561885718858188591886018861188621886318864188651886618867188681886918870188711887218873188741887518876188771887818879188801888118882188831888418885188861888718888188891889018891188921889318894188951889618897188981889918900189011890218903189041890518906189071890818909189101891118912189131891418915189161891718918189191892018921189221892318924189251892618927189281892918930189311893218933189341893518936189371893818939189401894118942189431894418945189461894718948189491895018951189521895318954189551895618957189581895918960189611896218963189641896518966189671896818969189701897118972189731897418975189761897718978189791898018981189821898318984189851898618987189881898918990189911899218993189941899518996189971899818999190001900119002190031900419005190061900719008190091901019011190121901319014190151901619017190181901919020190211902219023190241902519026190271902819029190301903119032190331903419035190361903719038190391904019041190421904319044190451904619047190481904919050190511905219053190541905519056190571905819059190601906119062190631906419065190661906719068190691907019071190721907319074190751907619077190781907919080190811908219083190841908519086190871908819089190901909119092190931909419095190961909719098190991910019101191021910319104191051910619107191081910919110191111911219113191141911519116191171911819119191201912119122191231912419125191261912719128191291913019131191321913319134191351913619137191381913919140191411914219143191441914519146191471914819149191501915119152191531915419155191561915719158191591916019161191621916319164191651916619167191681916919170191711917219173191741917519176191771917819179191801918119182191831918419185191861918719188191891919019191191921919319194191951919619197191981919919200192011920219203192041920519206192071920819209192101921119212192131921419215192161921719218192191922019221192221922319224192251922619227192281922919230192311923219233192341923519236192371923819239192401924119242192431924419245192461924719248192491925019251192521925319254192551925619257192581925919260192611926219263192641926519266192671926819269192701927119272192731927419275192761927719278192791928019281192821928319284192851928619287192881928919290192911929219293192941929519296192971929819299193001930119302193031930419305193061930719308193091931019311193121931319314193151931619317193181931919320193211932219323193241932519326193271932819329193301933119332193331933419335193361933719338193391934019341193421934319344193451934619347193481934919350193511935219353193541935519356193571935819359193601936119362193631936419365193661936719368193691937019371193721937319374193751937619377193781937919380193811938219383193841938519386193871938819389193901939119392193931939419395193961939719398193991940019401194021940319404194051940619407194081940919410194111941219413194141941519416194171941819419194201942119422194231942419425194261942719428194291943019431194321943319434194351943619437194381943919440194411944219443194441944519446194471944819449194501945119452194531945419455194561945719458194591946019461194621946319464194651946619467194681946919470194711947219473194741947519476194771947819479194801948119482194831948419485194861948719488194891949019491194921949319494194951949619497194981949919500195011950219503195041950519506195071950819509195101951119512195131951419515195161951719518195191952019521195221952319524195251952619527195281952919530195311953219533195341953519536195371953819539195401954119542195431954419545195461954719548195491955019551195521955319554195551955619557195581955919560195611956219563195641956519566195671956819569195701957119572195731957419575195761957719578195791958019581195821958319584195851958619587195881958919590195911959219593195941959519596195971959819599196001960119602196031960419605196061960719608196091961019611196121961319614196151961619617196181961919620196211962219623196241962519626196271962819629196301963119632196331963419635196361963719638196391964019641196421964319644196451964619647196481964919650196511965219653196541965519656196571965819659196601966119662196631966419665196661966719668196691967019671196721967319674196751967619677196781967919680196811968219683196841968519686196871968819689196901969119692196931969419695196961969719698196991970019701197021970319704197051970619707197081970919710197111971219713197141971519716197171971819719197201972119722197231972419725197261972719728197291973019731197321973319734197351973619737197381973919740197411974219743197441974519746197471974819749197501975119752197531975419755197561975719758197591976019761197621976319764197651976619767197681976919770197711977219773197741977519776197771977819779197801978119782197831978419785197861978719788197891979019791197921979319794197951979619797197981979919800198011980219803198041980519806198071980819809198101981119812198131981419815198161981719818198191982019821198221982319824198251982619827198281982919830198311983219833198341983519836198371983819839198401984119842198431984419845198461984719848198491985019851198521985319854198551985619857198581985919860198611986219863198641986519866198671986819869198701987119872198731987419875198761987719878198791988019881198821988319884198851988619887198881988919890198911989219893198941989519896198971989819899199001990119902199031990419905199061990719908199091991019911199121991319914199151991619917199181991919920199211992219923199241992519926199271992819929199301993119932199331993419935199361993719938199391994019941199421994319944199451994619947199481994919950199511995219953199541995519956199571995819959199601996119962199631996419965199661996719968199691997019971199721997319974199751997619977199781997919980199811998219983199841998519986199871998819989199901999119992199931999419995199961999719998199992000020001200022000320004200052000620007200082000920010200112001220013200142001520016200172001820019200202002120022200232002420025200262002720028200292003020031200322003320034200352003620037200382003920040200412004220043200442004520046200472004820049200502005120052200532005420055200562005720058200592006020061200622006320064200652006620067200682006920070200712007220073200742007520076200772007820079200802008120082200832008420085200862008720088200892009020091200922009320094200952009620097200982009920100201012010220103201042010520106201072010820109201102011120112201132011420115201162011720118201192012020121201222012320124201252012620127201282012920130201312013220133201342013520136201372013820139201402014120142201432014420145201462014720148201492015020151201522015320154201552015620157201582015920160201612016220163201642016520166201672016820169201702017120172201732017420175201762017720178201792018020181201822018320184201852018620187201882018920190201912019220193201942019520196201972019820199202002020120202202032020420205202062020720208202092021020211202122021320214202152021620217202182021920220202212022220223202242022520226202272022820229202302023120232202332023420235202362023720238202392024020241202422024320244202452024620247202482024920250202512025220253202542025520256202572025820259202602026120262202632026420265202662026720268202692027020271202722027320274202752027620277202782027920280202812028220283202842028520286202872028820289202902029120292202932029420295202962029720298202992030020301203022030320304203052030620307203082030920310203112031220313203142031520316203172031820319203202032120322203232032420325203262032720328203292033020331203322033320334203352033620337203382033920340203412034220343203442034520346203472034820349203502035120352203532035420355203562035720358203592036020361203622036320364203652036620367203682036920370203712037220373203742037520376203772037820379203802038120382203832038420385203862038720388203892039020391203922039320394203952039620397203982039920400204012040220403204042040520406204072040820409204102041120412204132041420415204162041720418204192042020421204222042320424204252042620427204282042920430204312043220433204342043520436204372043820439204402044120442204432044420445204462044720448204492045020451204522045320454204552045620457204582045920460204612046220463204642046520466204672046820469204702047120472204732047420475204762047720478204792048020481204822048320484204852048620487204882048920490204912049220493204942049520496204972049820499205002050120502205032050420505205062050720508205092051020511205122051320514205152051620517205182051920520205212052220523205242052520526205272052820529205302053120532205332053420535205362053720538205392054020541205422054320544205452054620547205482054920550205512055220553205542055520556205572055820559205602056120562205632056420565205662056720568205692057020571205722057320574205752057620577205782057920580205812058220583205842058520586205872058820589205902059120592205932059420595205962059720598205992060020601206022060320604206052060620607206082060920610206112061220613206142061520616206172061820619206202062120622206232062420625206262062720628206292063020631206322063320634206352063620637206382063920640206412064220643206442064520646206472064820649206502065120652206532065420655206562065720658206592066020661206622066320664206652066620667206682066920670206712067220673206742067520676206772067820679206802068120682206832068420685206862068720688206892069020691206922069320694206952069620697206982069920700207012070220703207042070520706207072070820709207102071120712207132071420715207162071720718207192072020721207222072320724207252072620727207282072920730207312073220733207342073520736207372073820739207402074120742207432074420745207462074720748207492075020751207522075320754207552075620757207582075920760207612076220763207642076520766207672076820769207702077120772207732077420775207762077720778207792078020781207822078320784207852078620787207882078920790207912079220793207942079520796207972079820799208002080120802208032080420805208062080720808208092081020811208122081320814208152081620817208182081920820208212082220823208242082520826208272082820829208302083120832208332083420835208362083720838208392084020841208422084320844208452084620847208482084920850208512085220853208542085520856208572085820859208602086120862208632086420865208662086720868208692087020871208722087320874208752087620877208782087920880208812088220883208842088520886208872088820889208902089120892208932089420895208962089720898208992090020901209022090320904209052090620907209082090920910209112091220913209142091520916209172091820919209202092120922209232092420925209262092720928209292093020931209322093320934209352093620937209382093920940209412094220943209442094520946209472094820949209502095120952209532095420955209562095720958209592096020961209622096320964209652096620967209682096920970209712097220973209742097520976209772097820979209802098120982209832098420985209862098720988209892099020991209922099320994209952099620997209982099921000210012100221003210042100521006210072100821009210102101121012210132101421015210162101721018210192102021021210222102321024210252102621027210282102921030210312103221033210342103521036210372103821039210402104121042210432104421045210462104721048210492105021051210522105321054210552105621057210582105921060210612106221063210642106521066210672106821069210702107121072210732107421075210762107721078210792108021081210822108321084210852108621087210882108921090210912109221093210942109521096210972109821099211002110121102211032110421105211062110721108211092111021111211122111321114211152111621117211182111921120211212112221123211242112521126211272112821129211302113121132211332113421135211362113721138211392114021141211422114321144211452114621147211482114921150211512115221153211542115521156211572115821159211602116121162211632116421165211662116721168211692117021171211722117321174211752117621177211782117921180211812118221183211842118521186211872118821189211902119121192211932119421195211962119721198211992120021201212022120321204212052120621207212082120921210212112121221213212142121521216212172121821219212202122121222212232122421225212262122721228212292123021231212322123321234212352123621237212382123921240212412124221243212442124521246212472124821249212502125121252212532125421255212562125721258212592126021261212622126321264212652126621267212682126921270212712127221273212742127521276212772127821279212802128121282212832128421285212862128721288212892129021291212922129321294212952129621297212982129921300213012130221303213042130521306213072130821309213102131121312213132131421315213162131721318213192132021321213222132321324213252132621327213282132921330213312133221333213342133521336213372133821339213402134121342213432134421345213462134721348213492135021351213522135321354213552135621357213582135921360213612136221363213642136521366213672136821369213702137121372213732137421375213762137721378213792138021381213822138321384213852138621387213882138921390213912139221393213942139521396213972139821399214002140121402214032140421405214062140721408214092141021411214122141321414214152141621417214182141921420214212142221423214242142521426214272142821429214302143121432214332143421435214362143721438214392144021441214422144321444214452144621447214482144921450214512145221453214542145521456214572145821459214602146121462214632146421465214662146721468214692147021471214722147321474214752147621477214782147921480214812148221483214842148521486214872148821489214902149121492214932149421495214962149721498214992150021501215022150321504215052150621507215082150921510215112151221513215142151521516215172151821519215202152121522215232152421525215262152721528215292153021531215322153321534215352153621537215382153921540215412154221543215442154521546215472154821549215502155121552215532155421555215562155721558215592156021561215622156321564215652156621567215682156921570215712157221573215742157521576215772157821579215802158121582215832158421585215862158721588215892159021591215922159321594215952159621597215982159921600216012160221603216042160521606216072160821609216102161121612216132161421615216162161721618216192162021621216222162321624216252162621627216282162921630216312163221633216342163521636216372163821639216402164121642216432164421645216462164721648216492165021651216522165321654216552165621657216582165921660216612166221663216642166521666216672166821669216702167121672216732167421675216762167721678216792168021681216822168321684216852168621687216882168921690216912169221693216942169521696216972169821699217002170121702217032170421705217062170721708217092171021711217122171321714217152171621717217182171921720217212172221723217242172521726217272172821729217302173121732217332173421735217362173721738217392174021741217422174321744217452174621747217482174921750217512175221753217542175521756217572175821759217602176121762217632176421765217662176721768217692177021771217722177321774217752177621777217782177921780217812178221783217842178521786217872178821789217902179121792217932179421795217962179721798217992180021801218022180321804218052180621807218082180921810218112181221813218142181521816218172181821819218202182121822218232182421825218262182721828218292183021831218322183321834218352183621837218382183921840218412184221843218442184521846218472184821849218502185121852218532185421855218562185721858218592186021861218622186321864218652186621867218682186921870218712187221873218742187521876218772187821879218802188121882218832188421885218862188721888218892189021891218922189321894218952189621897218982189921900219012190221903219042190521906219072190821909219102191121912219132191421915219162191721918219192192021921219222192321924219252192621927219282192921930219312193221933219342193521936219372193821939219402194121942219432194421945219462194721948219492195021951219522195321954219552195621957219582195921960219612196221963219642196521966219672196821969219702197121972219732197421975219762197721978219792198021981219822198321984219852198621987219882198921990219912199221993219942199521996219972199821999220002200122002220032200422005220062200722008220092201022011220122201322014220152201622017220182201922020220212202222023220242202522026220272202822029220302203122032220332203422035220362203722038220392204022041220422204322044220452204622047220482204922050220512205222053220542205522056220572205822059220602206122062220632206422065220662206722068220692207022071220722207322074220752207622077220782207922080220812208222083220842208522086220872208822089220902209122092220932209422095220962209722098220992210022101221022210322104221052210622107221082210922110221112211222113221142211522116221172211822119221202212122122221232212422125221262212722128221292213022131221322213322134221352213622137221382213922140221412214222143221442214522146221472214822149221502215122152221532215422155221562215722158221592216022161221622216322164221652216622167221682216922170221712217222173221742217522176221772217822179221802218122182221832218422185221862218722188221892219022191221922219322194221952219622197221982219922200222012220222203222042220522206222072220822209222102221122212222132221422215222162221722218222192222022221222222222322224222252222622227222282222922230222312223222233222342223522236222372223822239222402224122242222432224422245222462224722248222492225022251222522225322254222552225622257222582225922260222612226222263222642226522266222672226822269222702227122272222732227422275222762227722278222792228022281222822228322284222852228622287222882228922290222912229222293222942229522296222972229822299223002230122302223032230422305223062230722308223092231022311223122231322314223152231622317223182231922320223212232222323223242232522326223272232822329223302233122332223332233422335223362233722338223392234022341223422234322344223452234622347223482234922350223512235222353223542235522356223572235822359223602236122362223632236422365223662236722368223692237022371223722237322374223752237622377223782237922380223812238222383223842238522386223872238822389223902239122392223932239422395223962239722398223992240022401224022240322404224052240622407224082240922410224112241222413224142241522416224172241822419224202242122422224232242422425224262242722428224292243022431224322243322434224352243622437224382243922440224412244222443224442244522446224472244822449224502245122452224532245422455224562245722458224592246022461224622246322464224652246622467224682246922470224712247222473224742247522476224772247822479224802248122482224832248422485224862248722488224892249022491224922249322494224952249622497224982249922500225012250222503225042250522506225072250822509225102251122512225132251422515225162251722518225192252022521225222252322524225252252622527225282252922530225312253222533225342253522536225372253822539225402254122542225432254422545225462254722548225492255022551225522255322554225552255622557225582255922560225612256222563225642256522566225672256822569225702257122572225732257422575225762257722578225792258022581225822258322584225852258622587225882258922590225912259222593225942259522596225972259822599226002260122602226032260422605226062260722608226092261022611226122261322614226152261622617226182261922620226212262222623226242262522626226272262822629226302263122632226332263422635226362263722638226392264022641226422264322644226452264622647226482264922650226512265222653226542265522656226572265822659226602266122662226632266422665226662266722668226692267022671226722267322674226752267622677226782267922680226812268222683226842268522686226872268822689226902269122692226932269422695226962269722698226992270022701227022270322704227052270622707227082270922710227112271222713227142271522716227172271822719227202272122722227232272422725227262272722728227292273022731227322273322734227352273622737227382273922740227412274222743227442274522746227472274822749227502275122752227532275422755227562275722758227592276022761227622276322764227652276622767227682276922770227712277222773227742277522776227772277822779227802278122782227832278422785227862278722788227892279022791227922279322794227952279622797227982279922800228012280222803228042280522806228072280822809228102281122812228132281422815228162281722818228192282022821228222282322824228252282622827228282282922830228312283222833228342283522836228372283822839228402284122842228432284422845228462284722848228492285022851228522285322854228552285622857228582285922860228612286222863228642286522866228672286822869228702287122872228732287422875228762287722878228792288022881228822288322884228852288622887228882288922890228912289222893228942289522896228972289822899229002290122902229032290422905229062290722908229092291022911229122291322914229152291622917229182291922920229212292222923229242292522926229272292822929229302293122932229332293422935229362293722938229392294022941229422294322944229452294622947229482294922950229512295222953229542295522956229572295822959229602296122962229632296422965229662296722968229692297022971229722297322974229752297622977229782297922980229812298222983229842298522986229872298822989229902299122992229932299422995229962299722998229992300023001230022300323004230052300623007230082300923010230112301223013230142301523016230172301823019230202302123022230232302423025230262302723028230292303023031230322303323034230352303623037230382303923040230412304223043230442304523046230472304823049230502305123052230532305423055230562305723058230592306023061230622306323064230652306623067230682306923070230712307223073230742307523076230772307823079230802308123082230832308423085230862308723088230892309023091230922309323094230952309623097230982309923100231012310223103231042310523106231072310823109231102311123112231132311423115231162311723118231192312023121231222312323124231252312623127231282312923130231312313223133231342313523136231372313823139231402314123142231432314423145231462314723148231492315023151231522315323154231552315623157231582315923160231612316223163231642316523166231672316823169231702317123172231732317423175231762317723178231792318023181231822318323184231852318623187231882318923190231912319223193231942319523196231972319823199232002320123202232032320423205232062320723208232092321023211232122321323214232152321623217232182321923220232212322223223232242322523226232272322823229232302323123232232332323423235232362323723238232392324023241232422324323244232452324623247232482324923250232512325223253232542325523256232572325823259232602326123262232632326423265232662326723268232692327023271232722327323274232752327623277232782327923280232812328223283232842328523286232872328823289232902329123292232932329423295232962329723298232992330023301233022330323304233052330623307233082330923310233112331223313233142331523316233172331823319233202332123322233232332423325233262332723328233292333023331233322333323334233352333623337233382333923340233412334223343233442334523346233472334823349233502335123352233532335423355233562335723358233592336023361233622336323364233652336623367233682336923370233712337223373233742337523376233772337823379233802338123382233832338423385233862338723388233892339023391233922339323394233952339623397233982339923400234012340223403234042340523406234072340823409234102341123412234132341423415234162341723418234192342023421234222342323424234252342623427234282342923430234312343223433234342343523436234372343823439234402344123442234432344423445234462344723448234492345023451234522345323454234552345623457234582345923460234612346223463234642346523466234672346823469234702347123472234732347423475234762347723478234792348023481234822348323484234852348623487234882348923490234912349223493234942349523496234972349823499235002350123502235032350423505235062350723508235092351023511235122351323514235152351623517235182351923520235212352223523235242352523526235272352823529235302353123532235332353423535235362353723538235392354023541235422354323544235452354623547235482354923550235512355223553235542355523556235572355823559235602356123562235632356423565235662356723568235692357023571235722357323574235752357623577235782357923580235812358223583235842358523586235872358823589235902359123592235932359423595235962359723598235992360023601236022360323604236052360623607236082360923610236112361223613236142361523616236172361823619236202362123622236232362423625236262362723628236292363023631236322363323634236352363623637236382363923640236412364223643236442364523646236472364823649236502365123652236532365423655236562365723658236592366023661236622366323664236652366623667236682366923670236712367223673236742367523676236772367823679236802368123682236832368423685236862368723688236892369023691236922369323694236952369623697236982369923700237012370223703237042370523706237072370823709237102371123712237132371423715237162371723718237192372023721237222372323724237252372623727237282372923730237312373223733237342373523736237372373823739237402374123742237432374423745237462374723748237492375023751237522375323754237552375623757237582375923760237612376223763237642376523766237672376823769237702377123772237732377423775237762377723778237792378023781237822378323784237852378623787237882378923790237912379223793237942379523796237972379823799238002380123802238032380423805238062380723808238092381023811238122381323814238152381623817238182381923820238212382223823238242382523826238272382823829238302383123832238332383423835238362383723838238392384023841238422384323844238452384623847238482384923850238512385223853238542385523856238572385823859238602386123862238632386423865238662386723868238692387023871238722387323874238752387623877238782387923880238812388223883238842388523886238872388823889238902389123892238932389423895238962389723898238992390023901239022390323904239052390623907239082390923910239112391223913239142391523916239172391823919239202392123922239232392423925239262392723928239292393023931239322393323934239352393623937239382393923940239412394223943239442394523946239472394823949239502395123952239532395423955239562395723958239592396023961239622396323964239652396623967239682396923970239712397223973239742397523976239772397823979239802398123982239832398423985239862398723988239892399023991239922399323994239952399623997239982399924000240012400224003240042400524006240072400824009240102401124012240132401424015240162401724018240192402024021240222402324024240252402624027240282402924030240312403224033240342403524036240372403824039240402404124042240432404424045240462404724048240492405024051240522405324054240552405624057240582405924060240612406224063240642406524066240672406824069240702407124072240732407424075240762407724078240792408024081240822408324084240852408624087240882408924090240912409224093240942409524096240972409824099241002410124102241032410424105241062410724108241092411024111241122411324114241152411624117241182411924120241212412224123241242412524126241272412824129241302413124132241332413424135241362413724138241392414024141241422414324144241452414624147241482414924150241512415224153241542415524156241572415824159241602416124162241632416424165241662416724168241692417024171241722417324174241752417624177241782417924180241812418224183241842418524186241872418824189241902419124192241932419424195241962419724198241992420024201242022420324204242052420624207242082420924210242112421224213242142421524216242172421824219242202422124222242232422424225242262422724228242292423024231242322423324234242352423624237242382423924240242412424224243242442424524246242472424824249242502425124252242532425424255242562425724258242592426024261242622426324264242652426624267242682426924270242712427224273242742427524276242772427824279242802428124282242832428424285242862428724288242892429024291242922429324294242952429624297242982429924300243012430224303243042430524306243072430824309243102431124312243132431424315243162431724318243192432024321243222432324324243252432624327243282432924330243312433224333243342433524336243372433824339243402434124342243432434424345243462434724348243492435024351243522435324354243552435624357243582435924360243612436224363243642436524366243672436824369243702437124372243732437424375243762437724378243792438024381243822438324384243852438624387243882438924390243912439224393243942439524396243972439824399244002440124402244032440424405244062440724408244092441024411244122441324414244152441624417244182441924420244212442224423244242442524426244272442824429244302443124432244332443424435244362443724438244392444024441244422444324444244452444624447244482444924450244512445224453244542445524456244572445824459244602446124462244632446424465244662446724468244692447024471244722447324474244752447624477244782447924480244812448224483244842448524486244872448824489244902449124492244932449424495244962449724498244992450024501245022450324504245052450624507245082450924510245112451224513245142451524516245172451824519245202452124522245232452424525245262452724528245292453024531245322453324534245352453624537245382453924540245412454224543245442454524546245472454824549245502455124552245532455424555245562455724558245592456024561245622456324564245652456624567245682456924570245712457224573245742457524576245772457824579245802458124582245832458424585245862458724588245892459024591245922459324594245952459624597245982459924600246012460224603246042460524606246072460824609246102461124612246132461424615246162461724618246192462024621246222462324624246252462624627246282462924630246312463224633246342463524636246372463824639246402464124642246432464424645246462464724648246492465024651246522465324654246552465624657246582465924660246612466224663246642466524666246672466824669246702467124672246732467424675246762467724678246792468024681246822468324684246852468624687246882468924690246912469224693246942469524696246972469824699247002470124702247032470424705247062470724708247092471024711247122471324714247152471624717247182471924720247212472224723247242472524726247272472824729247302473124732247332473424735247362473724738247392474024741247422474324744247452474624747247482474924750247512475224753247542475524756247572475824759247602476124762247632476424765247662476724768247692477024771247722477324774247752477624777247782477924780247812478224783247842478524786247872478824789247902479124792247932479424795247962479724798247992480024801248022480324804248052480624807248082480924810248112481224813248142481524816248172481824819248202482124822248232482424825248262482724828248292483024831248322483324834248352483624837248382483924840248412484224843248442484524846248472484824849248502485124852248532485424855248562485724858248592486024861248622486324864248652486624867248682486924870248712487224873248742487524876248772487824879248802488124882248832488424885248862488724888248892489024891248922489324894248952489624897248982489924900249012490224903249042490524906249072490824909249102491124912249132491424915249162491724918249192492024921249222492324924249252492624927249282492924930249312493224933249342493524936249372493824939249402494124942249432494424945249462494724948249492495024951249522495324954249552495624957249582495924960249612496224963249642496524966249672496824969249702497124972249732497424975249762497724978249792498024981249822498324984249852498624987249882498924990249912499224993249942499524996249972499824999250002500125002250032500425005250062500725008250092501025011250122501325014250152501625017250182501925020250212502225023250242502525026250272502825029250302503125032250332503425035250362503725038250392504025041250422504325044250452504625047250482504925050250512505225053250542505525056250572505825059250602506125062250632506425065250662506725068250692507025071250722507325074250752507625077250782507925080250812508225083250842508525086250872508825089250902509125092250932509425095250962509725098250992510025101251022510325104251052510625107251082510925110251112511225113251142511525116251172511825119251202512125122251232512425125251262512725128251292513025131251322513325134251352513625137251382513925140251412514225143251442514525146251472514825149251502515125152251532515425155251562515725158251592516025161251622516325164251652516625167251682516925170251712517225173251742517525176251772517825179251802518125182251832518425185251862518725188251892519025191251922519325194251952519625197251982519925200252012520225203252042520525206252072520825209252102521125212252132521425215252162521725218252192522025221252222522325224252252522625227252282522925230252312523225233252342523525236252372523825239252402524125242252432524425245252462524725248252492525025251252522525325254252552525625257252582525925260252612526225263252642526525266252672526825269252702527125272252732527425275252762527725278252792528025281252822528325284252852528625287252882528925290252912529225293252942529525296252972529825299253002530125302253032530425305253062530725308253092531025311253122531325314253152531625317253182531925320253212532225323253242532525326253272532825329253302533125332253332533425335253362533725338253392534025341253422534325344253452534625347253482534925350253512535225353253542535525356253572535825359253602536125362253632536425365253662536725368253692537025371253722537325374253752537625377253782537925380253812538225383253842538525386253872538825389253902539125392253932539425395253962539725398253992540025401254022540325404254052540625407254082540925410254112541225413254142541525416254172541825419254202542125422254232542425425254262542725428254292543025431254322543325434254352543625437254382543925440254412544225443254442544525446254472544825449254502545125452254532545425455254562545725458254592546025461254622546325464254652546625467254682546925470254712547225473254742547525476254772547825479254802548125482254832548425485254862548725488254892549025491254922549325494254952549625497254982549925500255012550225503255042550525506255072550825509255102551125512255132551425515255162551725518255192552025521255222552325524255252552625527255282552925530255312553225533255342553525536255372553825539255402554125542255432554425545255462554725548255492555025551255522555325554255552555625557255582555925560255612556225563255642556525566255672556825569255702557125572255732557425575255762557725578255792558025581255822558325584255852558625587255882558925590255912559225593255942559525596255972559825599256002560125602256032560425605256062560725608256092561025611256122561325614256152561625617256182561925620256212562225623256242562525626256272562825629256302563125632256332563425635256362563725638256392564025641256422564325644256452564625647256482564925650256512565225653256542565525656256572565825659256602566125662256632566425665256662566725668256692567025671256722567325674256752567625677256782567925680256812568225683256842568525686256872568825689256902569125692256932569425695256962569725698256992570025701257022570325704257052570625707257082570925710257112571225713257142571525716257172571825719257202572125722257232572425725257262572725728257292573025731257322573325734257352573625737257382573925740257412574225743257442574525746257472574825749257502575125752257532575425755257562575725758257592576025761257622576325764257652576625767257682576925770257712577225773257742577525776257772577825779257802578125782257832578425785257862578725788257892579025791257922579325794257952579625797257982579925800258012580225803258042580525806258072580825809258102581125812258132581425815258162581725818258192582025821258222582325824258252582625827258282582925830258312583225833258342583525836258372583825839258402584125842258432584425845258462584725848258492585025851258522585325854258552585625857258582585925860258612586225863258642586525866258672586825869258702587125872258732587425875258762587725878258792588025881258822588325884258852588625887258882588925890258912589225893258942589525896258972589825899259002590125902259032590425905259062590725908259092591025911259122591325914259152591625917259182591925920259212592225923259242592525926259272592825929259302593125932259332593425935259362593725938259392594025941259422594325944259452594625947259482594925950259512595225953259542595525956259572595825959259602596125962259632596425965259662596725968259692597025971259722597325974259752597625977259782597925980259812598225983259842598525986259872598825989259902599125992259932599425995259962599725998259992600026001260022600326004260052600626007260082600926010260112601226013260142601526016260172601826019260202602126022260232602426025260262602726028260292603026031260322603326034260352603626037260382603926040260412604226043260442604526046260472604826049260502605126052260532605426055260562605726058260592606026061260622606326064260652606626067260682606926070260712607226073260742607526076260772607826079260802608126082260832608426085260862608726088260892609026091260922609326094260952609626097260982609926100261012610226103261042610526106261072610826109261102611126112261132611426115261162611726118261192612026121261222612326124261252612626127261282612926130261312613226133261342613526136261372613826139261402614126142261432614426145261462614726148261492615026151261522615326154261552615626157261582615926160261612616226163261642616526166261672616826169261702617126172261732617426175261762617726178261792618026181261822618326184261852618626187261882618926190261912619226193261942619526196261972619826199262002620126202262032620426205262062620726208262092621026211262122621326214262152621626217262182621926220262212622226223262242622526226262272622826229262302623126232262332623426235262362623726238262392624026241262422624326244262452624626247262482624926250262512625226253262542625526256262572625826259262602626126262262632626426265262662626726268262692627026271262722627326274262752627626277262782627926280262812628226283262842628526286262872628826289262902629126292262932629426295262962629726298262992630026301263022630326304263052630626307263082630926310263112631226313263142631526316263172631826319263202632126322263232632426325263262632726328263292633026331263322633326334263352633626337263382633926340263412634226343263442634526346263472634826349263502635126352263532635426355263562635726358263592636026361263622636326364263652636626367263682636926370263712637226373263742637526376263772637826379263802638126382263832638426385263862638726388263892639026391263922639326394263952639626397263982639926400264012640226403264042640526406264072640826409264102641126412264132641426415264162641726418264192642026421264222642326424264252642626427264282642926430264312643226433264342643526436264372643826439264402644126442264432644426445264462644726448264492645026451264522645326454264552645626457264582645926460264612646226463264642646526466264672646826469264702647126472264732647426475264762647726478264792648026481264822648326484264852648626487264882648926490264912649226493264942649526496264972649826499265002650126502265032650426505265062650726508265092651026511265122651326514265152651626517265182651926520265212652226523265242652526526265272652826529265302653126532265332653426535265362653726538265392654026541265422654326544265452654626547265482654926550265512655226553265542655526556265572655826559265602656126562265632656426565265662656726568265692657026571265722657326574265752657626577265782657926580265812658226583265842658526586265872658826589265902659126592265932659426595265962659726598265992660026601266022660326604266052660626607266082660926610266112661226613266142661526616266172661826619266202662126622266232662426625266262662726628266292663026631266322663326634266352663626637266382663926640266412664226643266442664526646266472664826649266502665126652266532665426655266562665726658266592666026661266622666326664266652666626667266682666926670266712667226673266742667526676266772667826679266802668126682266832668426685266862668726688266892669026691266922669326694266952669626697266982669926700267012670226703267042670526706267072670826709267102671126712267132671426715267162671726718267192672026721267222672326724267252672626727267282672926730267312673226733267342673526736267372673826739267402674126742267432674426745267462674726748267492675026751267522675326754267552675626757267582675926760267612676226763267642676526766267672676826769267702677126772267732677426775267762677726778267792678026781267822678326784267852678626787267882678926790267912679226793267942679526796267972679826799268002680126802268032680426805268062680726808268092681026811268122681326814268152681626817268182681926820268212682226823268242682526826268272682826829268302683126832268332683426835268362683726838268392684026841268422684326844268452684626847268482684926850268512685226853268542685526856268572685826859268602686126862268632686426865268662686726868268692687026871268722687326874268752687626877268782687926880268812688226883268842688526886268872688826889268902689126892268932689426895268962689726898268992690026901269022690326904269052690626907269082690926910269112691226913269142691526916269172691826919269202692126922269232692426925269262692726928269292693026931269322693326934269352693626937269382693926940269412694226943269442694526946269472694826949269502695126952269532695426955269562695726958269592696026961269622696326964269652696626967269682696926970269712697226973269742697526976269772697826979269802698126982269832698426985269862698726988269892699026991269922699326994269952699626997269982699927000270012700227003270042700527006270072700827009270102701127012270132701427015270162701727018270192702027021270222702327024270252702627027270282702927030270312703227033270342703527036270372703827039270402704127042270432704427045270462704727048270492705027051270522705327054270552705627057270582705927060270612706227063270642706527066270672706827069270702707127072270732707427075270762707727078270792708027081270822708327084270852708627087270882708927090270912709227093270942709527096270972709827099271002710127102271032710427105271062710727108271092711027111271122711327114271152711627117271182711927120271212712227123271242712527126271272712827129271302713127132271332713427135271362713727138271392714027141271422714327144271452714627147271482714927150271512715227153271542715527156271572715827159271602716127162271632716427165271662716727168271692717027171271722717327174271752717627177271782717927180271812718227183271842718527186271872718827189271902719127192271932719427195271962719727198271992720027201272022720327204272052720627207272082720927210272112721227213272142721527216272172721827219272202722127222272232722427225272262722727228272292723027231272322723327234272352723627237272382723927240272412724227243272442724527246272472724827249272502725127252272532725427255272562725727258272592726027261272622726327264272652726627267272682726927270272712727227273272742727527276272772727827279272802728127282272832728427285272862728727288272892729027291272922729327294272952729627297272982729927300273012730227303273042730527306273072730827309273102731127312273132731427315273162731727318273192732027321273222732327324273252732627327273282732927330273312733227333273342733527336273372733827339273402734127342273432734427345273462734727348273492735027351273522735327354273552735627357273582735927360273612736227363273642736527366273672736827369273702737127372273732737427375273762737727378273792738027381273822738327384273852738627387273882738927390273912739227393273942739527396273972739827399274002740127402274032740427405274062740727408274092741027411274122741327414274152741627417274182741927420274212742227423274242742527426274272742827429274302743127432274332743427435274362743727438274392744027441274422744327444274452744627447274482744927450274512745227453274542745527456274572745827459274602746127462274632746427465274662746727468274692747027471274722747327474274752747627477274782747927480274812748227483274842748527486274872748827489274902749127492274932749427495274962749727498274992750027501275022750327504275052750627507275082750927510275112751227513275142751527516275172751827519275202752127522275232752427525275262752727528275292753027531275322753327534275352753627537275382753927540275412754227543275442754527546275472754827549275502755127552275532755427555275562755727558275592756027561275622756327564275652756627567275682756927570275712757227573275742757527576275772757827579275802758127582275832758427585275862758727588275892759027591275922759327594275952759627597275982759927600276012760227603276042760527606276072760827609276102761127612276132761427615276162761727618276192762027621276222762327624276252762627627276282762927630276312763227633276342763527636276372763827639276402764127642276432764427645276462764727648276492765027651276522765327654276552765627657276582765927660276612766227663276642766527666276672766827669276702767127672276732767427675276762767727678276792768027681276822768327684276852768627687276882768927690276912769227693276942769527696276972769827699277002770127702277032770427705277062770727708277092771027711277122771327714277152771627717277182771927720277212772227723277242772527726277272772827729277302773127732277332773427735277362773727738277392774027741277422774327744277452774627747277482774927750277512775227753277542775527756277572775827759277602776127762277632776427765277662776727768277692777027771277722777327774277752777627777277782777927780277812778227783277842778527786277872778827789277902779127792277932779427795277962779727798277992780027801278022780327804278052780627807278082780927810278112781227813278142781527816278172781827819278202782127822278232782427825278262782727828278292783027831278322783327834278352783627837278382783927840278412784227843278442784527846278472784827849278502785127852278532785427855278562785727858278592786027861278622786327864278652786627867278682786927870278712787227873278742787527876278772787827879278802788127882278832788427885278862788727888278892789027891278922789327894278952789627897278982789927900279012790227903279042790527906279072790827909279102791127912279132791427915279162791727918279192792027921279222792327924279252792627927279282792927930279312793227933279342793527936279372793827939279402794127942279432794427945279462794727948279492795027951279522795327954279552795627957279582795927960279612796227963279642796527966279672796827969279702797127972279732797427975279762797727978279792798027981279822798327984279852798627987279882798927990279912799227993279942799527996279972799827999280002800128002280032800428005280062800728008280092801028011280122801328014280152801628017280182801928020280212802228023280242802528026280272802828029280302803128032280332803428035280362803728038280392804028041280422804328044280452804628047280482804928050280512805228053280542805528056280572805828059280602806128062280632806428065280662806728068280692807028071280722807328074280752807628077280782807928080280812808228083280842808528086280872808828089280902809128092280932809428095280962809728098280992810028101281022810328104281052810628107281082810928110281112811228113281142811528116281172811828119281202812128122281232812428125281262812728128281292813028131281322813328134281352813628137281382813928140281412814228143281442814528146281472814828149281502815128152281532815428155281562815728158281592816028161281622816328164281652816628167281682816928170281712817228173281742817528176281772817828179281802818128182281832818428185281862818728188281892819028191281922819328194281952819628197281982819928200282012820228203282042820528206282072820828209282102821128212282132821428215282162821728218282192822028221282222822328224282252822628227282282822928230282312823228233282342823528236282372823828239282402824128242282432824428245282462824728248282492825028251282522825328254282552825628257282582825928260282612826228263282642826528266282672826828269282702827128272282732827428275282762827728278282792828028281282822828328284282852828628287282882828928290282912829228293282942829528296282972829828299283002830128302283032830428305283062830728308283092831028311283122831328314283152831628317283182831928320283212832228323283242832528326283272832828329283302833128332283332833428335283362833728338283392834028341283422834328344283452834628347283482834928350283512835228353283542835528356283572835828359283602836128362283632836428365283662836728368283692837028371283722837328374283752837628377283782837928380283812838228383283842838528386283872838828389283902839128392283932839428395283962839728398283992840028401284022840328404284052840628407284082840928410284112841228413284142841528416284172841828419284202842128422284232842428425284262842728428284292843028431284322843328434284352843628437284382843928440284412844228443284442844528446284472844828449284502845128452284532845428455284562845728458284592846028461284622846328464284652846628467284682846928470284712847228473284742847528476284772847828479284802848128482284832848428485284862848728488284892849028491284922849328494284952849628497284982849928500285012850228503285042850528506285072850828509285102851128512285132851428515285162851728518285192852028521285222852328524285252852628527285282852928530285312853228533285342853528536285372853828539285402854128542285432854428545285462854728548285492855028551285522855328554285552855628557285582855928560285612856228563285642856528566285672856828569285702857128572285732857428575285762857728578285792858028581285822858328584285852858628587285882858928590285912859228593285942859528596285972859828599286002860128602286032860428605286062860728608286092861028611286122861328614286152861628617286182861928620286212862228623286242862528626286272862828629286302863128632286332863428635286362863728638286392864028641286422864328644286452864628647286482864928650286512865228653286542865528656286572865828659286602866128662286632866428665286662866728668286692867028671286722867328674286752867628677286782867928680286812868228683286842868528686286872868828689286902869128692286932869428695286962869728698286992870028701287022870328704287052870628707287082870928710287112871228713287142871528716287172871828719287202872128722287232872428725287262872728728287292873028731287322873328734287352873628737287382873928740287412874228743287442874528746287472874828749287502875128752287532875428755287562875728758287592876028761287622876328764287652876628767287682876928770287712877228773287742877528776287772877828779287802878128782287832878428785287862878728788287892879028791287922879328794287952879628797287982879928800288012880228803288042880528806288072880828809288102881128812288132881428815288162881728818288192882028821288222882328824288252882628827288282882928830288312883228833288342883528836288372883828839288402884128842288432884428845288462884728848288492885028851288522885328854288552885628857288582885928860288612886228863288642886528866288672886828869288702887128872288732887428875288762887728878288792888028881288822888328884288852888628887288882888928890288912889228893288942889528896288972889828899289002890128902289032890428905289062890728908289092891028911289122891328914289152891628917289182891928920289212892228923289242892528926289272892828929289302893128932289332893428935289362893728938289392894028941289422894328944289452894628947289482894928950289512895228953289542895528956289572895828959289602896128962289632896428965289662896728968289692897028971289722897328974289752897628977289782897928980289812898228983289842898528986289872898828989289902899128992289932899428995289962899728998289992900029001290022900329004290052900629007290082900929010290112901229013290142901529016290172901829019290202902129022290232902429025290262902729028290292903029031290322903329034290352903629037290382903929040290412904229043290442904529046290472904829049290502905129052290532905429055290562905729058290592906029061290622906329064290652906629067290682906929070290712907229073290742907529076290772907829079290802908129082290832908429085290862908729088290892909029091290922909329094290952909629097290982909929100291012910229103291042910529106291072910829109291102911129112291132911429115291162911729118291192912029121291222912329124291252912629127291282912929130291312913229133291342913529136291372913829139291402914129142291432914429145291462914729148291492915029151291522915329154291552915629157291582915929160291612916229163291642916529166291672916829169291702917129172291732917429175291762917729178291792918029181291822918329184291852918629187291882918929190291912919229193291942919529196291972919829199292002920129202292032920429205292062920729208292092921029211292122921329214292152921629217292182921929220292212922229223292242922529226292272922829229292302923129232292332923429235292362923729238292392924029241292422924329244292452924629247292482924929250292512925229253292542925529256292572925829259292602926129262292632926429265292662926729268292692927029271292722927329274292752927629277292782927929280292812928229283292842928529286292872928829289292902929129292292932929429295292962929729298292992930029301293022930329304293052930629307293082930929310293112931229313293142931529316293172931829319293202932129322293232932429325293262932729328293292933029331293322933329334293352933629337293382933929340293412934229343293442934529346293472934829349293502935129352293532935429355293562935729358293592936029361293622936329364293652936629367293682936929370293712937229373293742937529376293772937829379293802938129382293832938429385293862938729388293892939029391293922939329394293952939629397293982939929400294012940229403294042940529406294072940829409294102941129412294132941429415294162941729418294192942029421294222942329424294252942629427294282942929430294312943229433294342943529436294372943829439294402944129442294432944429445294462944729448294492945029451294522945329454294552945629457294582945929460294612946229463294642946529466294672946829469294702947129472294732947429475294762947729478294792948029481294822948329484294852948629487294882948929490294912949229493294942949529496294972949829499295002950129502295032950429505295062950729508295092951029511295122951329514295152951629517295182951929520295212952229523295242952529526295272952829529295302953129532295332953429535295362953729538295392954029541295422954329544295452954629547295482954929550295512955229553295542955529556295572955829559295602956129562295632956429565295662956729568295692957029571295722957329574295752957629577295782957929580295812958229583295842958529586295872958829589295902959129592295932959429595295962959729598295992960029601296022960329604296052960629607296082960929610296112961229613296142961529616296172961829619296202962129622296232962429625296262962729628296292963029631296322963329634296352963629637296382963929640296412964229643296442964529646296472964829649296502965129652296532965429655296562965729658296592966029661296622966329664296652966629667296682966929670296712967229673296742967529676296772967829679296802968129682296832968429685296862968729688296892969029691296922969329694296952969629697296982969929700297012970229703297042970529706297072970829709297102971129712297132971429715297162971729718297192972029721297222972329724297252972629727297282972929730297312973229733297342973529736297372973829739297402974129742297432974429745297462974729748297492975029751297522975329754297552975629757297582975929760297612976229763297642976529766297672976829769297702977129772297732977429775297762977729778297792978029781297822978329784297852978629787297882978929790297912979229793297942979529796297972979829799298002980129802298032980429805298062980729808298092981029811298122981329814298152981629817298182981929820298212982229823298242982529826298272982829829298302983129832298332983429835298362983729838298392984029841298422984329844298452984629847298482984929850298512985229853298542985529856298572985829859298602986129862298632986429865298662986729868298692987029871298722987329874298752987629877298782987929880298812988229883298842988529886298872988829889298902989129892298932989429895298962989729898298992990029901299022990329904299052990629907299082990929910299112991229913299142991529916299172991829919299202992129922299232992429925299262992729928299292993029931299322993329934299352993629937299382993929940299412994229943299442994529946299472994829949299502995129952299532995429955299562995729958299592996029961299622996329964299652996629967299682996929970299712997229973299742997529976299772997829979299802998129982299832998429985299862998729988299892999029991299922999329994299952999629997299982999930000300013000230003300043000530006300073000830009300103001130012300133001430015300163001730018300193002030021300223002330024300253002630027300283002930030300313003230033300343003530036300373003830039300403004130042300433004430045300463004730048300493005030051300523005330054300553005630057300583005930060300613006230063300643006530066300673006830069300703007130072300733007430075300763007730078300793008030081300823008330084300853008630087300883008930090300913009230093300943009530096300973009830099301003010130102301033010430105301063010730108301093011030111301123011330114301153011630117301183011930120301213012230123301243012530126301273012830129301303013130132301333013430135301363013730138301393014030141301423014330144301453014630147301483014930150301513015230153301543015530156301573015830159301603016130162301633016430165301663016730168301693017030171301723017330174301753017630177301783017930180301813018230183301843018530186301873018830189301903019130192301933019430195301963019730198301993020030201302023020330204302053020630207302083020930210302113021230213302143021530216302173021830219302203022130222302233022430225302263022730228302293023030231302323023330234302353023630237302383023930240302413024230243302443024530246302473024830249302503025130252302533025430255302563025730258302593026030261302623026330264302653026630267302683026930270302713027230273302743027530276302773027830279302803028130282302833028430285302863028730288302893029030291302923029330294302953029630297302983029930300303013030230303303043030530306303073030830309303103031130312303133031430315303163031730318303193032030321303223032330324303253032630327303283032930330303313033230333303343033530336303373033830339303403034130342303433034430345303463034730348303493035030351303523035330354303553035630357303583035930360303613036230363303643036530366303673036830369303703037130372303733037430375303763037730378303793038030381303823038330384303853038630387303883038930390303913039230393303943039530396303973039830399304003040130402304033040430405304063040730408304093041030411304123041330414304153041630417304183041930420304213042230423304243042530426304273042830429304303043130432304333043430435304363043730438304393044030441304423044330444304453044630447304483044930450304513045230453304543045530456304573045830459304603046130462304633046430465304663046730468304693047030471304723047330474304753047630477304783047930480304813048230483304843048530486304873048830489304903049130492304933049430495304963049730498304993050030501305023050330504305053050630507305083050930510305113051230513305143051530516305173051830519305203052130522305233052430525305263052730528305293053030531305323053330534305353053630537305383053930540305413054230543305443054530546305473054830549305503055130552305533055430555305563055730558305593056030561305623056330564305653056630567305683056930570305713057230573305743057530576305773057830579305803058130582305833058430585305863058730588305893059030591305923059330594305953059630597305983059930600306013060230603306043060530606306073060830609306103061130612306133061430615306163061730618306193062030621306223062330624306253062630627306283062930630306313063230633306343063530636306373063830639306403064130642306433064430645306463064730648306493065030651306523065330654306553065630657306583065930660306613066230663306643066530666306673066830669306703067130672306733067430675306763067730678306793068030681306823068330684306853068630687306883068930690306913069230693306943069530696306973069830699307003070130702307033070430705307063070730708307093071030711307123071330714307153071630717307183071930720307213072230723307243072530726307273072830729307303073130732307333073430735307363073730738307393074030741307423074330744307453074630747307483074930750307513075230753307543075530756307573075830759307603076130762307633076430765307663076730768307693077030771307723077330774307753077630777307783077930780307813078230783307843078530786307873078830789307903079130792307933079430795307963079730798307993080030801308023080330804308053080630807308083080930810308113081230813308143081530816308173081830819308203082130822308233082430825308263082730828308293083030831308323083330834308353083630837308383083930840308413084230843308443084530846308473084830849308503085130852308533085430855308563085730858308593086030861308623086330864308653086630867308683086930870308713087230873308743087530876308773087830879308803088130882308833088430885308863088730888308893089030891308923089330894308953089630897308983089930900309013090230903309043090530906309073090830909309103091130912309133091430915309163091730918309193092030921309223092330924309253092630927309283092930930309313093230933309343093530936309373093830939309403094130942309433094430945309463094730948309493095030951309523095330954309553095630957309583095930960309613096230963309643096530966309673096830969309703097130972309733097430975309763097730978309793098030981309823098330984309853098630987309883098930990309913099230993309943099530996309973099830999310003100131002310033100431005310063100731008310093101031011310123101331014310153101631017310183101931020310213102231023310243102531026310273102831029310303103131032310333103431035310363103731038310393104031041310423104331044310453104631047310483104931050310513105231053310543105531056310573105831059310603106131062310633106431065310663106731068310693107031071310723107331074310753107631077310783107931080310813108231083310843108531086310873108831089310903109131092310933109431095310963109731098310993110031101311023110331104311053110631107311083110931110311113111231113311143111531116311173111831119311203112131122311233112431125311263112731128311293113031131311323113331134311353113631137311383113931140311413114231143311443114531146311473114831149311503115131152311533115431155311563115731158311593116031161311623116331164311653116631167311683116931170311713117231173311743117531176311773117831179311803118131182311833118431185311863118731188311893119031191311923119331194311953119631197311983119931200312013120231203312043120531206312073120831209312103121131212312133121431215312163121731218312193122031221312223122331224312253122631227312283122931230312313123231233312343123531236312373123831239312403124131242312433124431245312463124731248312493125031251312523125331254312553125631257312583125931260312613126231263312643126531266312673126831269312703127131272312733127431275312763127731278312793128031281312823128331284312853128631287312883128931290312913129231293312943129531296312973129831299313003130131302313033130431305313063130731308313093131031311313123131331314313153131631317313183131931320313213132231323313243132531326313273132831329313303133131332313333133431335313363133731338313393134031341313423134331344313453134631347313483134931350313513135231353313543135531356313573135831359313603136131362313633136431365313663136731368313693137031371313723137331374313753137631377313783137931380313813138231383313843138531386313873138831389313903139131392313933139431395313963139731398313993140031401314023140331404314053140631407314083140931410314113141231413314143141531416314173141831419314203142131422314233142431425314263142731428314293143031431314323143331434314353143631437314383143931440314413144231443314443144531446314473144831449314503145131452314533145431455314563145731458314593146031461314623146331464314653146631467314683146931470314713147231473314743147531476314773147831479314803148131482314833148431485314863148731488314893149031491314923149331494314953149631497314983149931500315013150231503315043150531506315073150831509315103151131512315133151431515315163151731518315193152031521315223152331524315253152631527315283152931530315313153231533315343153531536315373153831539315403154131542315433154431545315463154731548315493155031551315523155331554315553155631557315583155931560315613156231563315643156531566315673156831569315703157131572315733157431575315763157731578315793158031581315823158331584315853158631587315883158931590315913159231593315943159531596315973159831599316003160131602316033160431605316063160731608316093161031611316123161331614316153161631617316183161931620316213162231623316243162531626316273162831629316303163131632316333163431635316363163731638316393164031641316423164331644316453164631647316483164931650316513165231653316543165531656316573165831659316603166131662316633166431665316663166731668316693167031671316723167331674316753167631677316783167931680316813168231683316843168531686316873168831689316903169131692316933169431695316963169731698316993170031701317023170331704317053170631707317083170931710317113171231713317143171531716317173171831719317203172131722317233172431725317263172731728317293173031731317323173331734317353173631737317383173931740317413174231743317443174531746317473174831749317503175131752317533175431755317563175731758317593176031761317623176331764317653176631767317683176931770317713177231773317743177531776317773177831779317803178131782317833178431785317863178731788317893179031791317923179331794317953179631797317983179931800318013180231803318043180531806318073180831809318103181131812318133181431815318163181731818318193182031821318223182331824318253182631827318283182931830318313183231833318343183531836318373183831839318403184131842318433184431845318463184731848318493185031851318523185331854318553185631857318583185931860318613186231863318643186531866318673186831869318703187131872318733187431875318763187731878318793188031881318823188331884318853188631887318883188931890318913189231893318943189531896318973189831899319003190131902319033190431905319063190731908319093191031911319123191331914319153191631917319183191931920319213192231923319243192531926319273192831929319303193131932319333193431935319363193731938319393194031941319423194331944319453194631947319483194931950319513195231953319543195531956319573195831959319603196131962319633196431965319663196731968319693197031971319723197331974319753197631977319783197931980319813198231983319843198531986319873198831989319903199131992319933199431995319963199731998319993200032001320023200332004320053200632007320083200932010320113201232013320143201532016320173201832019320203202132022320233202432025320263202732028320293203032031320323203332034320353203632037320383203932040320413204232043320443204532046320473204832049320503205132052320533205432055320563205732058320593206032061320623206332064320653206632067320683206932070320713207232073320743207532076320773207832079320803208132082320833208432085320863208732088320893209032091320923209332094320953209632097320983209932100321013210232103321043210532106321073210832109321103211132112321133211432115321163211732118321193212032121321223212332124321253212632127321283212932130321313213232133321343213532136321373213832139321403214132142321433214432145321463214732148321493215032151321523215332154321553215632157321583215932160321613216232163321643216532166321673216832169321703217132172321733217432175321763217732178321793218032181321823218332184321853218632187321883218932190321913219232193321943219532196321973219832199322003220132202322033220432205322063220732208322093221032211322123221332214322153221632217322183221932220322213222232223322243222532226322273222832229322303223132232322333223432235322363223732238322393224032241322423224332244322453224632247322483224932250322513225232253322543225532256322573225832259322603226132262322633226432265322663226732268322693227032271322723227332274322753227632277322783227932280322813228232283322843228532286322873228832289322903229132292322933229432295322963229732298322993230032301323023230332304323053230632307323083230932310323113231232313323143231532316323173231832319323203232132322323233232432325323263232732328323293233032331323323233332334323353233632337323383233932340323413234232343323443234532346323473234832349323503235132352323533235432355323563235732358323593236032361323623236332364323653236632367323683236932370323713237232373323743237532376323773237832379323803238132382323833238432385323863238732388323893239032391323923239332394323953239632397323983239932400324013240232403324043240532406324073240832409324103241132412324133241432415324163241732418324193242032421324223242332424324253242632427324283242932430324313243232433324343243532436324373243832439324403244132442324433244432445324463244732448324493245032451324523245332454324553245632457324583245932460324613246232463324643246532466324673246832469324703247132472324733247432475324763247732478324793248032481324823248332484324853248632487324883248932490324913249232493324943249532496324973249832499325003250132502325033250432505325063250732508325093251032511325123251332514325153251632517325183251932520325213252232523325243252532526325273252832529325303253132532325333253432535325363253732538325393254032541325423254332544325453254632547325483254932550325513255232553325543255532556325573255832559325603256132562325633256432565325663256732568325693257032571325723257332574325753257632577325783257932580325813258232583325843258532586325873258832589325903259132592325933259432595325963259732598325993260032601326023260332604326053260632607326083260932610326113261232613326143261532616326173261832619326203262132622326233262432625326263262732628326293263032631326323263332634326353263632637326383263932640326413264232643326443264532646326473264832649326503265132652326533265432655326563265732658326593266032661326623266332664326653266632667326683266932670326713267232673326743267532676326773267832679326803268132682326833268432685326863268732688326893269032691326923269332694326953269632697326983269932700327013270232703327043270532706327073270832709327103271132712327133271432715327163271732718327193272032721327223272332724327253272632727327283272932730327313273232733327343273532736327373273832739327403274132742327433274432745327463274732748327493275032751327523275332754327553275632757327583275932760327613276232763327643276532766327673276832769327703277132772327733277432775327763277732778327793278032781327823278332784327853278632787327883278932790327913279232793327943279532796327973279832799328003280132802328033280432805328063280732808328093281032811328123281332814328153281632817328183281932820328213282232823328243282532826328273282832829328303283132832328333283432835328363283732838328393284032841328423284332844328453284632847328483284932850328513285232853328543285532856328573285832859328603286132862328633286432865328663286732868328693287032871328723287332874328753287632877328783287932880328813288232883328843288532886328873288832889328903289132892328933289432895328963289732898328993290032901329023290332904329053290632907329083290932910329113291232913329143291532916329173291832919329203292132922329233292432925329263292732928329293293032931329323293332934329353293632937329383293932940329413294232943329443294532946329473294832949329503295132952329533295432955329563295732958329593296032961329623296332964329653296632967329683296932970329713297232973329743297532976329773297832979329803298132982329833298432985329863298732988329893299032991329923299332994329953299632997329983299933000330013300233003330043300533006330073300833009330103301133012330133301433015330163301733018330193302033021330223302333024330253302633027330283302933030330313303233033330343303533036330373303833039330403304133042330433304433045330463304733048330493305033051330523305333054330553305633057330583305933060330613306233063330643306533066330673306833069330703307133072330733307433075330763307733078330793308033081330823308333084330853308633087330883308933090330913309233093330943309533096330973309833099331003310133102331033310433105331063310733108331093311033111331123311333114331153311633117331183311933120331213312233123331243312533126331273312833129331303313133132331333313433135331363313733138331393314033141331423314333144331453314633147331483314933150331513315233153331543315533156331573315833159331603316133162331633316433165331663316733168331693317033171331723317333174331753317633177331783317933180331813318233183331843318533186331873318833189331903319133192331933319433195331963319733198331993320033201332023320333204332053320633207332083320933210332113321233213332143321533216332173321833219332203322133222332233322433225332263322733228332293323033231332323323333234332353323633237332383323933240332413324233243332443324533246332473324833249332503325133252332533325433255332563325733258332593326033261332623326333264332653326633267332683326933270332713327233273332743327533276332773327833279332803328133282332833328433285332863328733288332893329033291332923329333294332953329633297332983329933300333013330233303333043330533306333073330833309333103331133312333133331433315333163331733318333193332033321333223332333324333253332633327333283332933330333313333233333333343333533336333373333833339333403334133342333433334433345333463334733348333493335033351333523335333354333553335633357333583335933360333613336233363333643336533366333673336833369333703337133372333733337433375333763337733378333793338033381333823338333384333853338633387333883338933390333913339233393333943339533396333973339833399334003340133402334033340433405334063340733408334093341033411334123341333414334153341633417334183341933420334213342233423334243342533426334273342833429334303343133432334333343433435334363343733438334393344033441334423344333444334453344633447334483344933450334513345233453334543345533456334573345833459334603346133462334633346433465334663346733468334693347033471334723347333474334753347633477334783347933480334813348233483334843348533486334873348833489334903349133492334933349433495334963349733498334993350033501335023350333504335053350633507335083350933510335113351233513335143351533516335173351833519335203352133522335233352433525335263352733528335293353033531335323353333534335353353633537335383353933540335413354233543335443354533546335473354833549335503355133552335533355433555335563355733558335593356033561335623356333564335653356633567335683356933570335713357233573335743357533576335773357833579335803358133582335833358433585335863358733588335893359033591335923359333594335953359633597335983359933600336013360233603336043360533606336073360833609336103361133612336133361433615336163361733618336193362033621336223362333624336253362633627336283362933630336313363233633336343363533636336373363833639336403364133642336433364433645336463364733648336493365033651336523365333654336553365633657336583365933660336613366233663336643366533666336673366833669336703367133672336733367433675336763367733678336793368033681336823368333684336853368633687336883368933690336913369233693336943369533696336973369833699337003370133702337033370433705337063370733708337093371033711337123371333714337153371633717337183371933720337213372233723337243372533726337273372833729337303373133732337333373433735337363373733738337393374033741337423374333744337453374633747337483374933750337513375233753337543375533756337573375833759337603376133762337633376433765337663376733768337693377033771337723377333774337753377633777337783377933780337813378233783337843378533786337873378833789337903379133792337933379433795337963379733798337993380033801338023380333804338053380633807338083380933810338113381233813338143381533816338173381833819338203382133822338233382433825338263382733828338293383033831338323383333834338353383633837338383383933840338413384233843338443384533846338473384833849338503385133852338533385433855338563385733858338593386033861338623386333864338653386633867338683386933870338713387233873338743387533876338773387833879338803388133882338833388433885338863388733888338893389033891338923389333894338953389633897338983389933900339013390233903339043390533906339073390833909339103391133912339133391433915339163391733918339193392033921339223392333924339253392633927339283392933930339313393233933339343393533936339373393833939339403394133942339433394433945339463394733948339493395033951339523395333954339553395633957339583395933960339613396233963339643396533966339673396833969339703397133972339733397433975339763397733978339793398033981339823398333984339853398633987339883398933990339913399233993339943399533996339973399833999340003400134002340033400434005340063400734008340093401034011340123401334014340153401634017340183401934020340213402234023340243402534026340273402834029340303403134032340333403434035340363403734038340393404034041340423404334044340453404634047340483404934050340513405234053340543405534056340573405834059340603406134062340633406434065340663406734068340693407034071340723407334074340753407634077340783407934080340813408234083340843408534086340873408834089340903409134092340933409434095340963409734098340993410034101341023410334104341053410634107341083410934110341113411234113341143411534116341173411834119341203412134122341233412434125341263412734128341293413034131341323413334134341353413634137341383413934140341413414234143341443414534146341473414834149341503415134152341533415434155341563415734158341593416034161341623416334164341653416634167341683416934170341713417234173341743417534176341773417834179341803418134182341833418434185341863418734188341893419034191341923419334194341953419634197341983419934200342013420234203342043420534206342073420834209342103421134212342133421434215342163421734218342193422034221342223422334224342253422634227342283422934230342313423234233342343423534236342373423834239342403424134242342433424434245342463424734248342493425034251342523425334254342553425634257342583425934260342613426234263342643426534266342673426834269342703427134272342733427434275342763427734278342793428034281342823428334284342853428634287342883428934290342913429234293342943429534296342973429834299343003430134302343033430434305343063430734308343093431034311343123431334314343153431634317343183431934320343213432234323343243432534326343273432834329343303433134332343333433434335343363433734338343393434034341343423434334344343453434634347343483434934350343513435234353343543435534356343573435834359343603436134362343633436434365343663436734368343693437034371343723437334374343753437634377343783437934380343813438234383343843438534386343873438834389343903439134392343933439434395343963439734398343993440034401344023440334404344053440634407344083440934410344113441234413344143441534416344173441834419344203442134422344233442434425344263442734428344293443034431344323443334434344353443634437344383443934440344413444234443344443444534446344473444834449344503445134452344533445434455344563445734458344593446034461344623446334464344653446634467344683446934470344713447234473344743447534476344773447834479344803448134482344833448434485344863448734488344893449034491344923449334494344953449634497344983449934500345013450234503345043450534506345073450834509345103451134512345133451434515345163451734518345193452034521345223452334524345253452634527345283452934530345313453234533345343453534536345373453834539345403454134542345433454434545345463454734548345493455034551345523455334554345553455634557345583455934560345613456234563345643456534566345673456834569345703457134572345733457434575345763457734578345793458034581345823458334584345853458634587345883458934590345913459234593345943459534596345973459834599346003460134602346033460434605346063460734608346093461034611346123461334614346153461634617346183461934620346213462234623346243462534626346273462834629346303463134632346333463434635346363463734638346393464034641346423464334644346453464634647346483464934650346513465234653346543465534656346573465834659346603466134662346633466434665346663466734668346693467034671346723467334674346753467634677346783467934680346813468234683346843468534686346873468834689346903469134692346933469434695346963469734698346993470034701347023470334704347053470634707347083470934710347113471234713347143471534716347173471834719347203472134722347233472434725347263472734728347293473034731347323473334734347353473634737347383473934740347413474234743347443474534746347473474834749347503475134752347533475434755347563475734758347593476034761347623476334764347653476634767347683476934770347713477234773347743477534776347773477834779347803478134782347833478434785347863478734788347893479034791347923479334794347953479634797347983479934800348013480234803348043480534806348073480834809348103481134812348133481434815348163481734818348193482034821348223482334824348253482634827348283482934830348313483234833348343483534836348373483834839348403484134842348433484434845348463484734848348493485034851348523485334854348553485634857348583485934860348613486234863348643486534866348673486834869348703487134872348733487434875348763487734878348793488034881348823488334884348853488634887348883488934890348913489234893348943489534896348973489834899349003490134902349033490434905349063490734908349093491034911349123491334914349153491634917349183491934920349213492234923349243492534926349273492834929349303493134932349333493434935349363493734938349393494034941349423494334944349453494634947349483494934950349513495234953349543495534956349573495834959349603496134962349633496434965349663496734968349693497034971349723497334974349753497634977349783497934980349813498234983349843498534986349873498834989349903499134992349933499434995349963499734998349993500035001350023500335004350053500635007350083500935010350113501235013350143501535016350173501835019350203502135022350233502435025350263502735028350293503035031350323503335034350353503635037350383503935040350413504235043350443504535046350473504835049350503505135052350533505435055350563505735058350593506035061350623506335064350653506635067350683506935070350713507235073350743507535076350773507835079350803508135082350833508435085350863508735088350893509035091350923509335094350953509635097350983509935100351013510235103351043510535106351073510835109351103511135112351133511435115351163511735118351193512035121351223512335124351253512635127351283512935130351313513235133351343513535136351373513835139351403514135142351433514435145351463514735148351493515035151351523515335154351553515635157351583515935160351613516235163351643516535166351673516835169351703517135172351733517435175351763517735178351793518035181351823518335184351853518635187351883518935190351913519235193351943519535196351973519835199352003520135202352033520435205352063520735208352093521035211352123521335214352153521635217352183521935220352213522235223352243522535226352273522835229352303523135232352333523435235352363523735238352393524035241352423524335244352453524635247352483524935250352513525235253352543525535256352573525835259352603526135262352633526435265352663526735268352693527035271352723527335274352753527635277352783527935280352813528235283352843528535286352873528835289352903529135292352933529435295352963529735298352993530035301353023530335304353053530635307353083530935310353113531235313353143531535316353173531835319353203532135322353233532435325353263532735328353293533035331353323533335334353353533635337353383533935340353413534235343353443534535346353473534835349353503535135352353533535435355353563535735358353593536035361353623536335364353653536635367353683536935370353713537235373353743537535376353773537835379353803538135382353833538435385353863538735388353893539035391353923539335394353953539635397353983539935400354013540235403354043540535406354073540835409354103541135412354133541435415354163541735418354193542035421354223542335424354253542635427354283542935430354313543235433354343543535436354373543835439354403544135442354433544435445354463544735448354493545035451354523545335454354553545635457354583545935460354613546235463354643546535466354673546835469354703547135472354733547435475354763547735478354793548035481354823548335484354853548635487354883548935490354913549235493354943549535496354973549835499355003550135502355033550435505355063550735508355093551035511355123551335514355153551635517355183551935520355213552235523355243552535526355273552835529355303553135532355333553435535355363553735538355393554035541355423554335544355453554635547355483554935550355513555235553355543555535556355573555835559355603556135562355633556435565355663556735568355693557035571355723557335574355753557635577355783557935580355813558235583355843558535586355873558835589355903559135592355933559435595355963559735598355993560035601356023560335604356053560635607356083560935610356113561235613356143561535616356173561835619356203562135622356233562435625356263562735628356293563035631356323563335634356353563635637356383563935640356413564235643356443564535646356473564835649356503565135652356533565435655356563565735658356593566035661356623566335664356653566635667356683566935670356713567235673356743567535676356773567835679356803568135682356833568435685356863568735688356893569035691356923569335694356953569635697356983569935700357013570235703357043570535706357073570835709357103571135712357133571435715357163571735718357193572035721357223572335724357253572635727357283572935730357313573235733357343573535736357373573835739357403574135742357433574435745357463574735748357493575035751357523575335754357553575635757357583575935760357613576235763357643576535766357673576835769357703577135772357733577435775357763577735778357793578035781357823578335784357853578635787357883578935790357913579235793357943579535796357973579835799358003580135802358033580435805358063580735808358093581035811358123581335814358153581635817358183581935820358213582235823358243582535826358273582835829358303583135832358333583435835358363583735838358393584035841358423584335844358453584635847358483584935850358513585235853358543585535856358573585835859358603586135862358633586435865358663586735868358693587035871358723587335874358753587635877358783587935880358813588235883358843588535886358873588835889358903589135892358933589435895358963589735898358993590035901359023590335904359053590635907359083590935910359113591235913359143591535916359173591835919359203592135922359233592435925359263592735928359293593035931359323593335934359353593635937359383593935940359413594235943359443594535946359473594835949359503595135952359533595435955359563595735958359593596035961359623596335964359653596635967359683596935970359713597235973359743597535976359773597835979359803598135982359833598435985359863598735988359893599035991359923599335994359953599635997359983599936000360013600236003360043600536006360073600836009360103601136012360133601436015360163601736018360193602036021360223602336024360253602636027360283602936030360313603236033360343603536036360373603836039360403604136042360433604436045360463604736048360493605036051360523605336054360553605636057360583605936060360613606236063360643606536066360673606836069360703607136072360733607436075360763607736078360793608036081360823608336084360853608636087360883608936090360913609236093360943609536096360973609836099361003610136102361033610436105361063610736108361093611036111361123611336114361153611636117361183611936120361213612236123361243612536126361273612836129361303613136132361333613436135361363613736138361393614036141361423614336144361453614636147361483614936150361513615236153361543615536156361573615836159361603616136162361633616436165361663616736168361693617036171361723617336174361753617636177361783617936180361813618236183361843618536186361873618836189361903619136192361933619436195361963619736198361993620036201362023620336204362053620636207362083620936210362113621236213362143621536216362173621836219362203622136222362233622436225362263622736228362293623036231362323623336234362353623636237362383623936240362413624236243362443624536246362473624836249362503625136252362533625436255362563625736258362593626036261362623626336264362653626636267362683626936270362713627236273362743627536276362773627836279362803628136282362833628436285362863628736288362893629036291362923629336294362953629636297362983629936300363013630236303363043630536306363073630836309363103631136312363133631436315363163631736318363193632036321363223632336324363253632636327363283632936330363313633236333363343633536336363373633836339363403634136342363433634436345363463634736348363493635036351363523635336354363553635636357363583635936360363613636236363363643636536366363673636836369363703637136372363733637436375363763637736378363793638036381363823638336384363853638636387363883638936390363913639236393363943639536396363973639836399364003640136402364033640436405364063640736408364093641036411364123641336414364153641636417364183641936420364213642236423364243642536426364273642836429364303643136432364333643436435364363643736438364393644036441364423644336444364453644636447364483644936450364513645236453364543645536456364573645836459364603646136462364633646436465364663646736468364693647036471364723647336474364753647636477364783647936480364813648236483364843648536486364873648836489364903649136492364933649436495364963649736498364993650036501365023650336504365053650636507365083650936510365113651236513365143651536516365173651836519365203652136522365233652436525365263652736528365293653036531365323653336534365353653636537365383653936540365413654236543365443654536546365473654836549365503655136552365533655436555365563655736558365593656036561365623656336564365653656636567365683656936570365713657236573365743657536576365773657836579365803658136582365833658436585365863658736588365893659036591365923659336594365953659636597365983659936600366013660236603366043660536606366073660836609366103661136612366133661436615366163661736618366193662036621366223662336624366253662636627366283662936630366313663236633366343663536636366373663836639366403664136642366433664436645366463664736648366493665036651366523665336654366553665636657366583665936660366613666236663366643666536666366673666836669366703667136672366733667436675366763667736678366793668036681366823668336684366853668636687366883668936690366913669236693366943669536696366973669836699367003670136702367033670436705367063670736708367093671036711367123671336714367153671636717367183671936720367213672236723367243672536726367273672836729367303673136732367333673436735367363673736738367393674036741367423674336744367453674636747367483674936750367513675236753367543675536756367573675836759367603676136762367633676436765367663676736768367693677036771367723677336774367753677636777367783677936780367813678236783367843678536786367873678836789367903679136792367933679436795367963679736798367993680036801368023680336804368053680636807368083680936810368113681236813368143681536816368173681836819368203682136822368233682436825368263682736828368293683036831368323683336834368353683636837368383683936840368413684236843368443684536846368473684836849368503685136852368533685436855368563685736858368593686036861368623686336864368653686636867368683686936870368713687236873368743687536876368773687836879368803688136882368833688436885368863688736888368893689036891368923689336894368953689636897368983689936900369013690236903369043690536906369073690836909369103691136912369133691436915369163691736918369193692036921369223692336924369253692636927369283692936930369313693236933369343693536936369373693836939369403694136942369433694436945369463694736948369493695036951369523695336954369553695636957369583695936960369613696236963369643696536966369673696836969369703697136972369733697436975369763697736978369793698036981369823698336984369853698636987369883698936990369913699236993369943699536996369973699836999370003700137002370033700437005370063700737008370093701037011370123701337014370153701637017370183701937020370213702237023370243702537026370273702837029370303703137032370333703437035370363703737038370393704037041370423704337044370453704637047370483704937050370513705237053370543705537056370573705837059370603706137062370633706437065370663706737068370693707037071370723707337074370753707637077370783707937080370813708237083370843708537086370873708837089370903709137092370933709437095370963709737098370993710037101371023710337104371053710637107371083710937110371113711237113371143711537116371173711837119371203712137122371233712437125371263712737128371293713037131371323713337134371353713637137371383713937140371413714237143371443714537146371473714837149371503715137152371533715437155371563715737158371593716037161371623716337164371653716637167371683716937170371713717237173371743717537176371773717837179371803718137182371833718437185371863718737188371893719037191371923719337194371953719637197371983719937200372013720237203372043720537206372073720837209372103721137212372133721437215372163721737218372193722037221372223722337224372253722637227372283722937230372313723237233372343723537236372373723837239372403724137242372433724437245372463724737248372493725037251372523725337254372553725637257372583725937260372613726237263372643726537266372673726837269372703727137272372733727437275372763727737278372793728037281372823728337284372853728637287372883728937290372913729237293372943729537296372973729837299373003730137302373033730437305373063730737308373093731037311373123731337314373153731637317373183731937320373213732237323373243732537326373273732837329373303733137332373333733437335373363733737338373393734037341373423734337344373453734637347373483734937350373513735237353373543735537356373573735837359373603736137362373633736437365373663736737368373693737037371373723737337374373753737637377373783737937380373813738237383373843738537386373873738837389373903739137392373933739437395373963739737398373993740037401374023740337404374053740637407374083740937410374113741237413374143741537416374173741837419374203742137422374233742437425374263742737428374293743037431374323743337434374353743637437374383743937440374413744237443374443744537446374473744837449374503745137452374533745437455374563745737458374593746037461374623746337464374653746637467374683746937470374713747237473374743747537476374773747837479374803748137482374833748437485374863748737488374893749037491374923749337494374953749637497374983749937500375013750237503375043750537506375073750837509375103751137512375133751437515375163751737518375193752037521375223752337524375253752637527375283752937530375313753237533375343753537536375373753837539375403754137542375433754437545375463754737548375493755037551375523755337554375553755637557375583755937560375613756237563375643756537566375673756837569375703757137572375733757437575375763757737578375793758037581375823758337584375853758637587375883758937590375913759237593375943759537596375973759837599376003760137602376033760437605376063760737608376093761037611376123761337614376153761637617376183761937620376213762237623376243762537626376273762837629376303763137632376333763437635376363763737638376393764037641376423764337644376453764637647376483764937650376513765237653376543765537656376573765837659376603766137662376633766437665376663766737668376693767037671376723767337674376753767637677376783767937680376813768237683376843768537686376873768837689376903769137692376933769437695376963769737698376993770037701377023770337704377053770637707377083770937710377113771237713377143771537716377173771837719377203772137722377233772437725377263772737728377293773037731377323773337734377353773637737377383773937740377413774237743377443774537746377473774837749377503775137752377533775437755377563775737758377593776037761377623776337764377653776637767377683776937770377713777237773377743777537776377773777837779377803778137782377833778437785377863778737788377893779037791377923779337794377953779637797377983779937800378013780237803378043780537806378073780837809378103781137812378133781437815378163781737818378193782037821378223782337824378253782637827378283782937830378313783237833378343783537836378373783837839378403784137842378433784437845378463784737848378493785037851378523785337854378553785637857378583785937860378613786237863378643786537866378673786837869378703787137872378733787437875378763787737878378793788037881378823788337884378853788637887 |
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <?xml-model href="http://docbook.org/xml/5.0/rng/docbook.rng" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>
- <?xml-model href="http://docbook.org/xml/5.0/rng/docbook.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>
- <chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
- version="5.0">
- <title>Module 2: Biographic Information</title>
- <para>The Biographic Information Module provides you with linguistic and cultural skills needed
- for a simple conversation typical of a first-meeting situation in China. These skills
- include those needed at the beginning of a conversation (greetings, introductions, and forms
- of address), in the middle of a conversation (understanding and answering questions about
- yourself and your immediate family), and at the end of a conversation
- (leave-taking).</para>
- <para> Before starting this module, you must take and pass the ORN Criterion Test. The resource
- modules Pronunciation and Romanization and Numbers (tapes 1-4) are also prerequisites to the
- BIO Module.</para>
- <para> The Criterion Test will focus largely on this module, but material from Module 1 and
- associated resource modules may also be included.</para>
- <section>
- <title>Objectives</title>
- <para>Upon successful completion of the module, the student should be able to:</para>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para> Pronounce correctly any word from the Target Lists of ORN or BIO, properly
- distinguishing sounds and tones, using the proper stress and neutral tones, and
- making the necessary tone changes.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para> Pronounce correctly any sentence from the BIO Target Lists, with proper
- pauses and intonation, that is, without obscuring the tones with English
- intonation.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para> Use polite formulas in asking and answering questions about identity (name),
- health, age, and other basic information.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Reply to questions with the Chinese equivalents of “yes” and “no”</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para> Ask and answer questions about families, including who the members are, how
- old they are, and where they are.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para> Ask and answer questions about a stay in China, including the date of
- arrival, location-purpose-duration of stay, previous visits, traveling
- companions, and date of departure.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para> Ask and answer questions about work or study, identification of occupation,
- the location, and the duration.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para> Give the English equivalent for any Chinese sentence in the BIO Target
- Lists.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Be able to say any Chinese sentence in the BIO Target Lists when cued with its
- English equivalent.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Take part in a short Chinese conversation, using expressions included in the
- BIO Target List sentences.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Tapes for BIO and associated modules</title>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Biographic information (BIO)</emphasis></para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="7">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5"/>
- <colspec colnum="6" colname="col6"/>
- <colspec colnum="7" colname="col7"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>Unit 1:</entry>
- <entry>1</entry>
- <entry>C-l</entry>
- <entry>1 P-1</entry>
- <entry>1&2 D-1</entry>
- <entry>1 C-2</entry>
- <entry>1 P-2</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>Unit 2:</entry>
- <entry>2</entry>
- <entry>C-l</entry>
- <entry>2 P-1</entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>2 C-2</entry>
- <entry>2 P-2</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>Unit 3:</entry>
- <entry>3</entry>
- <entry>C-l</entry>
- <entry>3 P-1</entry>
- <entry>3&4 D-1</entry>
- <entry>3 C-2</entry>
- <entry>3 P-2</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>Unit 4:</entry>
- <entry>4</entry>
- <entry>C-l</entry>
- <entry>4 P-1</entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>4 C-2</entry>
- <entry>4 P-2</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>Unit 5:</entry>
- <entry>5</entry>
- <entry>C-l</entry>
- <entry>5 P-1</entry>
- <entry>5&6 D-1</entry>
- <entry>5 C-2</entry>
- <entry>5 P-2</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>Unit 6:</entry>
- <entry>6</entry>
- <entry>C-l</entry>
- <entry>6 P-1</entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>6 C-2</entry>
- <entry>6 P-2</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>Unit 7:</entry>
- <entry>7</entry>
- <entry>C-l</entry>
- <entry>7 P-1</entry>
- <entry>7&8 D-1</entry>
- <entry>7C-2</entry>
- <entry>7 P-2</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>Unit 8:</entry>
- <entry>8</entry>
- <entry>C-l</entry>
- <entry>8 P-1</entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>8 C-2</entry>
- <entry>8 P-2</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>Units 1–4 R-1</para>
- <para>Units 5–8 R-1</para>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Classroom Expressions (CE)</emphasis></para>
- <para>CE 2</para>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Time and Dates (T&D)</emphasis></para>
- <para>T&D 1 T&D 2</para>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 1 Target List</title>
- <para>
- <informaltable colsep="0" rowsep="0" frame="none">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="15.0*" align="left"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ zhù zai
- nǎr?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你住在哪兒？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>May I ask, where are you staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù zai Běijīng
- Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住在北京飯店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m staying at the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase> Hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zai něige
- fàndiàn?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住在哪個飯店？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Which hotel are you staying at?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù zai nèige
- fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住在那個飯店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m staying at that hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zai zhèige
- fàndiàn ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住在這個飯店嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are you staying at this hotel?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù, wǒ bú zhù zai
- zhèige fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不，我不住在這個飯店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>No, I’m not staying at this hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zai Mínzú
- Fàndiàn ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住在民族飯店嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are you staying at the Nationalities Hotel?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù, wǒ bú zhù zai Mínzú
- Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不，我不住在民族飯店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>No, I’m not staying at the Nationalities Hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Něiwèi shi Gāo
- tóngzhì?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪位是高同志？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Which one is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Gāo</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèiwèi shi Gāo
- tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那位是高同志。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>That one is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Gāo</foreignphrase>.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zǎo. Nuòwǎkè nǚshì! Nín
- hǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">早。
- 諾瓦克女士！您好。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Good morning. Ms. Nowak! How are you?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ hěn
- hǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我很好。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m very well.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qīnwèn, nǐ shi Měiguó
- nǎrde rén?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你是美國哪兒個人。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where are you from in America?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi Jiāzhōu
- Jiùjīnshān rén.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是加州舊金山人。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m from San Francisco, California.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </para>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 2 Target List</title>
- <informaltable colsep="0" frame="none" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="15.0*" align="left"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou jiā zài náli?
- </foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你朋友家在哪裏？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where is your friend’s house?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiā zài Dàlǐ
- Jiē.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他家在大理街。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>His house is on <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dàlǐ</foreignphrase> street.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de dìzhǐ shi
- ...?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你朋友的地址是……？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>What is your friend’s address?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi Dàlǐ Jiē
- Sìshièr hào.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他的地址是大理街四十二號。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>His address is No. 42 <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dàlǐ</foreignphrase> Street.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi Wèi shàoxiào
- ba?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你是魏少校把？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>You are Major Weiss, aren’t you?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shìde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">是的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Yes.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nà shi Guóbīn Dàfàndiàn
- ba?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那是國賓大飯店吧？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>That is Ambassador Hotel, isn’t it?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde, nà shi Guóbīn
- Dàfàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的，那是國賓大飯店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Yes, that’s the Ambassador Hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zai nàli
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你住在那裏嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are you staying there?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù, wǒ zhù zai
- zhèli.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不，我住在這裏。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>No, I’m staying here.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou zài Táiběi
- gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你朋友在臺北工作嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Does your friend work in Taipei? </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài Táiběi gōngzuò;
- tā zài Táizhōng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他不在臺北工作。他在臺中工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He doesn’t work in Taipei; he works in Taichung.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where do you work?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài Wǔguānchù
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我在武官處工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I work at the defense attache’s office.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài yínháng
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我在銀行工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I work at a bank.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 3 Target List</title>
- <informaltable colsep="0" frame="none" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="15.0*" align="left"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen yǒu háizi
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你們有孩子嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Do you have any children?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, wǒmen
- yǒu.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">有，我們有。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Yes, we have.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú xiānsheng méiyou Měiguó
- péngyou.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">劉先生沒有美國朋友。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú</foreignphrase>
- doesn’t have any American friends.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen yǒu jǐge nánháizi,
- jǐge nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們有幾個男孩子，幾個女孩子？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How many boys and how many girls do you have?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wómen yǒu liǎnge nánhaizi,
- yíge nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們有兩個男孩子，一個女孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>We have two boys and one girl.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiānsheng, Hú tàitai yǒu
- jǐge háizi? </foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡先生，胡太太有幾個孩子？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How many children do Mr. and Mrs. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú</foreignphrase> have?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu liǎngge
- háizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他們有兩個孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>They have two children.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shi nánháizi, shi
- nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">是男孩子，是女孩子？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are they boys or girls?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dōu shi
- nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">都是女孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Both of them are girls.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen háizi dōu zài zhèli
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你們孩子都在這裏嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are all your children here?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù. Liǎngge zài zhèli, yíge
- hái zài Měiguó.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不，兩個在這裏，一個還在美國。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>No. Two are here, and one is still in America.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jiāli yǒu shénme
- rén?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>What people are in your family?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu wǒ tàitai gēn sānge
- háizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">有我太太跟三個孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>There’s my wife and two children.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jiāli yǒu shénme
- rén?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>What people are in your family?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiù yǒu wǒ fùqin,
- mǔqin.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">就有我父親，母親。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Just my father and mother.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 4 Target List</title>
- <informaltable colsep="0" frame="none" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="15.0*" align="left"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā míngtiān lái
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他明天來嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Is he coming tomorrow?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǐjīng lái
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他已經來了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He has already come.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你朋友來了嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Has your friend come?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi(you)
- lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">她還沒(有)來。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>She hasn’t come yet.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi shénme shíhou
- dàode?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他是什麼時候到的？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>When did he arrive?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zuótiān
- dàode.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他是昨天到的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He arrived yesterday.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi yíge rén láide
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你是一個人來的嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry> Did you come alone?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, wǒ bú shi yíge rén
- láide.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，我不是一個人來的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>No, I didn’t come alone.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ něitiān
- zǒu?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你哪天走？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>What day are you leaving?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ jīntian
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我今天走。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m leaving today.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 5 Target List</title>
- <informaltable colsep="0" frame="none" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="15.0*" align="left"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi zài nǎr
- shēngde?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你是在哪兒生的？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where were you born?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi zài Dézhōu
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我是在得州生的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I was born in Texas.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen xīngqījǐ
- zǒu?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你們星期幾走？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>What day of the week are you leaving?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqītiān
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我們星期天走。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>We are leaving on Sunday.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ní shi něinián
- shēngde?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你是哪年生的？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>What year were you born?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi yī jiǔ sān jiǔ nián
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我是一九三九年生的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I was born in 1939.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi jǐyüè jíhào
- shēngde?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你是幾月幾號生的？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>What is your month and day of birth?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wó shi qīyüè sìhào
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我是七月四號生的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I was born on July 4.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ duó dà
- le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你多大了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How old are you?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ sān shí wǔ
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我三十五了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m 35.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Níměn nánháizi dōu jǐsuì
- le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你們男孩子都幾歲了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How old are your boys?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yíge jiǔsuì le, yíge liùsuì
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >一個九歲了，一個六歲了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>One is nine and one is six.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 6 Target List</title>
- <informaltable colsep="0" frame="none" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="15.0*" align="left"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你住多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How long are you staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù
- yìnián.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我住一年。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m staying one year.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ tàitai zài Xiānggǎng zhù
- duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你太太在香港住多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How long is your wife staying in Hong Kong?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng tā zhù
- liǎngtiān.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我想她住兩天。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I think she is staying two days.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ xiǎng zài Táiwān zhù duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你想在臺灣住多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How long are you thinking of staying in Taiwan?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng zhù liùge
- yuè.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我想住六個月。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m thinking of staying six months.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ láile duó jiǔ
- le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你來了多久了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How long have you been here?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ láile liǎngge xīnqī
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我來了兩個星期。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I have been here two weeks.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ tàitai zài Xiānggǎng
- zhùle duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你太太在香港住了多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How long did your wife stay in Hong Kong?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle
- liǎngtiān.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">她住了兩天。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>She stayed two days.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tàitai méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">李太太沒來。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ</foreignphrase>
- didn’t come.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ cóngqián láiguo
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你從前來過嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Have you ever been here before?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ cóngqián méi láiguo. Wǒ
- tàitai láiguo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我從前沒來過。我太太來過。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I have never been here before. My wife has been here.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 7 Target List</title>
- <informaltable colsep="0" frame="none" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="15.0*" align="left"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">您在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where do you work?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài Měiguó Guówùyuàn
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我在美國國務院工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I work with the State Department.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ní zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">您在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where do you work?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi
- xuésheng.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我是學生。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m student.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ lái zuò
- shénme?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">您來做什麼？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>What did you come here to do?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ lái niàn
- shū.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我來念書。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I came here to study.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ niàn
- shénme?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你念什麼？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>What are you studying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xüé
- Zhōngwén.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我學中文。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m studying Chinese.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zài dàxüé niànguo lìshǐ
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你在大學念過歷史嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Did you study history in college?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Niànguo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">念過。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Yes.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen huì shuō Zhōngwén ma?
- </foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你們會説中文嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Can you speak Chinese?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ tàitai bú huì shuō, wǒ
- huì shuō yìdiǎn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我太太不會説，我會説一點。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>My wife can’t speak it; I can speak it a little.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ de Zhōngguo huà hěn
- hǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你的中國話很好。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Your Chinese is very good.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Náli, náli. Wǒ jiù huì shuō
- yìdiǎn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪裏，哪裏。我就説一點。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Not at all. I can speak only a little.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi zài náli xüéde
- Zhōngzén?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你是在哪裏學的中文？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where did you study Chinese?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wó shi zài Huáshèngdùn
- xüéde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我是在華盛頓學的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I studied it in Washington.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 8 Target List</title>
- <informaltable colsep="0" frame="none" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="15.0*" align="left"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jīntiān hái yǒu kè
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你今天還有課嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Do you have any more classes today?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méiyou kè
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">沒有課了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I don’t have any more classes.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ cóngqián niàn Yīngwén
- niànle duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你從前念英文唸了多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How long did you study English?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ niàn Yīngwén niànle
- liùnián.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我念英文唸了六年。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I studied English for six years.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ niàn Fàwén niànle duó
- jiǔ le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你念法文唸了多久了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How long have you been studying French?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ niànle yìnián
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我念了一年了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’ve been studying it for one year.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qùnián wǒ hái bú huì xiě
- Zhōngguo zì.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >去年我還不會寫中國字。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Last year, I couldn’t write Chinese characters.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xiànzài wǒ huì xiě yìdiǎn
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">現在我會寫一點了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Now, I can write a little.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ fùqin shi jǖnrén
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你父親是軍人嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Is your father a military man?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, tā shi hǎijǖn
- jǖnguān.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">是，他是海軍軍官。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Yes, he’s a naval officer.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ jīntiān bù lái
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我今天不來了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m not coming today.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ bìng
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我病了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m sick.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jīntiān hǎo le
- méiyou?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">今天好了沒有？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are you better today?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jīntiān hǎo
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">今天好了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Today, I’m better.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 1</title>
- <section>
- <title>Introduction</title>
- <section>
- <title>Topics covered in this unit</title>
- <para>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>Where people are staying (hotels),</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Short answers.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The question word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >něige</foreignphrase>, “which.”</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Material you will need</title>
- <para>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>The C-l and P-1 tapes, the Reference List and Reference
- Notes.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The C-2 and P-2 tapes, the Workbook.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The drill tape (1D-1).</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </para>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>References</title>
- <section>
- <title>Reference List</title>
- <para>(in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>)</para>
- <informaltable frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ zhù zai
- nǎr?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你朱在哪兒？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>May I ask, where are you staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù zai Běijīng
- Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >握住在北京飯店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m staying at the Beijing Hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zai Mínzú
- Fàndiàn ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住在民族飯店嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are you staying at the Nationalities Hotel?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, wǒ zhù zai
- Mínzú Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是，我住在民族飯店嗎。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Yes, I’m staying at the Nationalities Hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zai něige
- fàndiàn?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住在哪個飯店？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Which hotel are you staying at?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù zai Běijīng
- Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住在北京飯店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m staying ate the Beijing Hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Něiwèi shi Zhāng
- tóngzhì?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪位是張同志？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Which one is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng</foreignphrase>?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi Zhāng
- tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他是張同志。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>She is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase>.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Něige rén shi Méi
- tóngzhì?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪個人是梅同志？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Which person is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méi</foreignphrase>?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige rén shi Méi
- tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那個人是梅同志。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>That person is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méi</foreignphrase>.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Něiwei shi Gāo
- tóngzhì?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪位是高同志。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Which one is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Gāo</foreignphrase>?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèiwèi shi Gāo
- tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那位是高同志。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>That one is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Gāo</foreignphrase>.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>7.<footnote>
- <para>This exchange occurs on the C-l tape only.</para>
- </footnote></para>
- </entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zai zheìge
- fàndiàn ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住在這個飯店嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are you staying at this hotel?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù, wǒ bú zhù zai
- zheìge fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不，我不住在這個飯店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>No, I’m staying at this hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng tóngzhì! nín
- zǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >江同志！您早。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāng</foreignphrase>! Good morning.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zǎo. Nuòwǎkè nǚshì!
- nín hǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">早。諾瓦克
- 女士！您好。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Good morning, Ms. Novak! How are you?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ hěn
- hǎo.</foreignphrase>
- <note>
- <title>Tone sandhi</title>
- <para>There is a one sandhi shift here for 2 3rd tones
- in a row to <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hén
- hǎo</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </note></para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我很好</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m very well.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ shi
- Měiguo nǎrde rén?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你是美國哪兒人？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>May I ask, where are you from in America?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi Jiāzhōu
- Jiùjīnshān rén.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是加州舊金山人。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m from San Francisco, California.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Vocabulary</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.5*"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >fàndiàn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">飯店</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>hotel</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-ge</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">個</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>general counter</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hěn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">很</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>very</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiùjīnshān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >舊金山</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>San Francisco</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mínzú
- Fàndiàn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >民族飯店</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Nationalities Hotel</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >něi-</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪-？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>which</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >něige?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪個？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>which?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nèige</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>that</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >něiwei</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪位？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>which one (person)?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nèiwèi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那位</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>that one (person)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nǚshì</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">女士</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>polite title for a married or unmarried woman) Ms.;
- Lady</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shì</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">是</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>yes, that’s so.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-wèi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">位</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>polite counter for people</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zǎo</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">早</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>good morning</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèi-</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這-</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>this</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zheìge</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這個</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>this</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèiwèi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這位</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>this one (person)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">住</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to stay, to live</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Reference Notes</title>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on № 1</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ zhù
- zai nǎr?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你朱在哪兒？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>May I ask, where are you staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù zai
- Běijīng Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住在北京飯店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>
- Hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>The verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhù</foreignphrase>,
- “to live,” or “to reside,” may be used to mean “to stay at” (temporary
- residence) or “to live in” (permanent residence).</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhù zài nǎr</foreignphrase>
- literally means “live at where.” The verb <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài</foreignphrase>, “to be in/at/on,” is
- used here as a preposition “at.” It loses its tone in this position in a
- sentence. (The use of <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zài</foreignphrase> as a preposition is treated more fully in Unit
- 2.)</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fàndiàn</foreignphrase> has two
- meanings—“restaurant” and “hotel” (a relatively large hotel with modern facilities).<footnote>
- <para>Another word for “restaurant” is <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">fànguǎnzi</foreignphrase>. The
- general word for “hotel” is <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lǚguǎn</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </footnote> Literally, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >fàndiàn</foreignphrase> means “rice shop.”</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on № 2</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zai
- Mínzú Fàndiàn ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住在民族飯店嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are you staying at the Nationalities Hotel?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, wǒ zhù zai
- Mínzú Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是，我住在民族飯店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Yes, I’m staying at the Nationalities Hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì</foreignphrase>: The usual
- way to give a short affirmative answer is to repeat the verb used in the
- question. Some verbs, however, may not be repeated as short answers.
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhù</foreignphrase> is one
- such verb. Others not to be used are <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xìng</foreignphrase>, “to be surnamed,” and
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiào</foreignphrase>, “to be
- given-named.” Many speakers do not repeat the verb <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài</foreignphrase> as a short answer. To
- give a short “yes” answer to questions containing these verbs, you use
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shì</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on № 3–7</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zai
- něige fàndiàn?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住在哪個飯店？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Which hotel are you staying at?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù zai
- Běijīng Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住在北京飯店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m staying ate the Beijing Hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Něiwèi shi
- Zhāng tóngzhì?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪位是張同志？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Which one is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase>?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi Zhāng
- tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他是張同志。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>She is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase>.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Něige rén shi
- Méi tóngzhì?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪個人是梅同志？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Which person is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méi</foreignphrase>?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige rén shi
- Méi tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那個人是梅同志。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>That person is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méi</foreignphrase>.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Něiwei shi Gāo
- tóngzhì?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪位是高同志。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Which one is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Gāo</foreignphrase>?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèiwèi shi Gāo
- tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那位是高同志。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>That one is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Gāo</foreignphrase>.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zai
- zheìge fàndiàn ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住在這個飯店嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are you staying at this hotel?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù, wǒ bú zhù
- zai zheìge fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不，我不住在這個飯店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>No, I’m staying at this hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Něige</foreignphrase> is the
- question word “which.” In the compound <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">něiguó</foreignphrase>, you found the bound
- word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">něi-</foreignphrase>, which
- was attached to the noun <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >guó</foreignphrase>. In the phrase <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">něiguó rén</foreignphrase>, “which person,”
- the bound word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >něi-</foreignphrase> is attached to the general counter <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-ge</foreignphrase>. (You will learn more
- about counters in Unit 3. For now, you nay think of <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-ge</foreignphrase> as an ending which turns
- the bound word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >něi-</foreignphrase> into the full word <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">něige</foreignphrase>.)</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Něige
- rén/něiwèi</foreignphrase>: To be polite when referring to an adult, you say
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèiwèi</foreignphrase> or
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">něiwèi</foreignphrase>, using
- the polite counter for people <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-wèi</foreignphrase> rather than the general counter <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-ge</foreignphrase>, though <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-ge</foreignphrase> is used in many informal
- situations.</para>
- <para>Notice that the noun <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >rén</foreignphrase> is not used directly after <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-wèi</foreignphrase>:</para>
- <informaltable frame="all">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nèiwèi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Měiguó
- rén</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shi
- shéi?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那位</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >美国人</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是谁</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Něiwèi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhù zài Mínzú
- Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪位</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >住在民族饭店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>Compare the specifying words “which?” “that,” and “this” with the location
- words you learned in Unit 4 of ORN:</para>
- <informaltable frame="all">
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry namest="c1" nameend="newCol3" align="center">Specifying
- words</entry>
- <entry namest="c3" nameend="c4" align="center">Location
- words</entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">něige?
- (nǎge?)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">which?</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nǎr?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">where?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪个</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪儿</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèige
- (nàge)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">that</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nàr
- (nèr)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">there</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那个</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那儿</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhèige
- (zhège)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">this</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhèr
- (zhàr)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">here</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >这个</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >这儿</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>Both question words are in the Low tone, while the other four words are in
- the Falling tone.</para>
- <para>Many people pronounce the words for “which?” “that,” and “this” with the
- usual vowels for “where?” “there,” and “here”: <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǎge</foreignphrase>? <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nàge</foreignphrase>, and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhège</foreignphrase>.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù</foreignphrase>: A short
- negative answer is usually formed by <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bù</foreignphrase> plus a repetition of the
- verb used in the question. When a verb, like <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhù</foreignphrase> (<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài</foreignphrase>), cannot be repeated,
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bù</foreignphrase> is used as
- a short answer and is followed by a complete answer. Notice that when used
- by itself <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bù</foreignphrase> is in
- the Falling ton, but when followed by a Falling tone syllable <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bù</foreignphrase> is in the Rising
- tone.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù, tā xiànzai bú zài
- zher.</foreignphrase> No, he’s not here now.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on № 8</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng tóngzhì!
- Nín zǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >江同志！您早。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Comrade Jiang! Good morning.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zǎo. Nuòwǎkè
- nǚshì! nín hǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">早。諾瓦克
- 女士！您好。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Good morning, Ms. Novak! How are you?</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Name as greeting:</emphasis> A greeting may consist
- simply of a person’s name: <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng
- tóngzhì</foreignphrase>! “Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng</foreignphrase>!” The name may also be
- used with a greeting phrase: <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng
- tóngzhì! Nín zǎo. </foreignphrase>“Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng</foreignphrase>! Good morning.”—or, in
- reverse order, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín zǎo. Wáng
- tóngzhì!</foreignphrase> “Good morning. Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng</foreignphrase>!” The name is pronounced
- as an independent exclamation acknowledging that person’s presence and
- status. It is not de-emphasized like “Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng</foreignphrase>,” in the English
- sentence “Good morning, Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase>.”</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín zǎo</foreignphrase> means
- “good morning”—literally, “you are early.” You may also say either
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǐ zǎo</foreignphrase> or
- simply <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zǎo</foreignphrase>.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǚshì</foreignphrase>, “Ms.,” is
- a formal, respectful title for a married or unmarried woman. It is used
- after a woman’s own surname, not her husband’s. Traditionally, this title
- was used for older, educated, and accomplished women.</para>
- <para>In the PRC, where people use <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >tóngzhì</foreignphrase>, “Comrade,” in general only foreign women are
- referred to and addressed as (so-and-so) <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǚshì</foreignphrase>. On Taiwan, however,
- any woman may be called (so-and-so) <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǚshì</foreignphrase> in a formal context,
- such as a speech or an invitation.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín hǎo</foreignphrase>: This
- greeting may be said either with or without a question marker, just as in
- English we say “How are you?” as a question or “How are you” as a simple
- greeting.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ hǎo ma?</foreignphrase> How
- are you?</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ hǎo.</foreignphrase> How are
- you.</para>
- <para>Also Just as in English, you may respond to the greeting by repeating it
- rather than giving an answer.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tóngzhì! Nín
- hǎo.</foreignphrase> Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase>! How are you.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín hǎo. Gāo
- tóngzhì!</foreignphrase> How are you. Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Gāo</foreignphrase>!</para>
- <para>Literally, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hěn</foreignphrase>
- means “very.” The word often accompanies adjectival verbs (like
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hǎo</foreignphrase>, “to be
- good”), adding little to their meaning. (See also Module 3, Unit 3.)</para>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">How to identify yourself:</emphasis> You have now
- learned several ways to introduce yourself. One simple, direct way is to
- extend your hand and state your name in Chinese—for instance, <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ Mínglǐ</foreignphrase>. Here are some
- other ways:</para>
- <para>
- <informaltable frame="all">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi Mǎ
- Mínglǐ.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">I’m <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ
- Mínglǐ</foreignphrase>.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是马明理。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xìng
- Mǎ.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">My surname is
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase>.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我姓马。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xìng Mǎ,
- jiào Mǎ Mínglǐ.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">
- <para>My surname is <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ</foreignphrase>; I’m
- called <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ
- Mínglǐ</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我姓马，叫马明理。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ de
- Zhōngguo míngzi jiào Mǎ
- Mínglǐ.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">My Chinese name is
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ
- Mínglǐ</foreignphrase>.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我的中国名字叫马明理。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on № 9</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ shi
- Měiguo nǎrde rén?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你是美國哪兒的人？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>May I ask, where are you from in America?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi Jiāzhōu
- Jiùjīnshān rén.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是加州舊金山人。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m from San Francisco, California.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Order of place names:</emphasis> Notice that
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāzhōu
- Jiùjīnshān</foreignphrase> is literally “California, San Francisco.” In
- Chinese, the larger unit cones before the smaller. Similarly, in the
- question <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi Měiguó nǎrde
- rén?</foreignphrase> the name of the country comes before the question
- word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǎr</foreignphrase>, which is
- asking for a more detailed location. The larger unit is usually repeated in
- the answer:</para>
- <para>
- <informaltable frame="all">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ
- shi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shāndōng</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nǎr</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-de
- </foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >rén?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你是</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >山东</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪儿</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >的</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >人</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ
- shi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shāndōng</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Qīngdǎo</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >rén.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >山东</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >青岛</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >人</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </para>
- <para>Literally, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiùjīnshān</foreignphrase> means “Old Gold Mountain.” The Chinese gave
- this name to San Francisco during the Gold Rush days.</para>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Drills</title>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para>Respond according to the cue</para>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Respond according to the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在哪兒？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai
- nǎr?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para> Where is he/she staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">北京飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng Fàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase> Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在北京飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai
- Běijìng Fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>
- Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你愛人住在哪兒？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ àiren zhù zai
- nǎr? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is your spouse staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">民族飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mínzú Fàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>the Nationalities Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在民族飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai Mínzú
- Fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at the Nationalities Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">李同志住在哪兒？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tóngzhì zhù
- zai nǎr? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這個飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhèige fàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>this hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在這個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai
- zhèige fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at this hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">方同志住在哪兒？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fāng tóngzhì zhù
- zai nǎr? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Fāng</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèige fàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>that hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在那個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai nèige
- fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at that hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">陳同志住在哪兒？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén tóngzhì zhù
- zai nǎr? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">北京飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng Fàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase> Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在北京飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta zhù zai
- Běijīng Fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>
- Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">林同志住在哪兒？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín tóngzhì zhù
- zai nǎr? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> staying? </para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">民族飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mínzú Fàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>the Nationalities Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在民族飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai Mínzú
- Fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at the Nationalities Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">黃同志住在哪兒？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng tóngzhì
- zhù zai nǎr? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這個飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhèige fàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>this hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在這個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai
- zhèige fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at this hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give affirmative response to all questions.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">高女士住在民族飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Gāo nǚshì zhù
- zai Mínzú Fàndiàn ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Gāo</foreignphrase> staying at the Nationalities
- Hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">是，她住在民族飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, tā zhù zai
- Mínzú Fàndiàn, </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, she is staying at the Nationalities Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">張女士住在北京飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng nǚshì zhù
- zai Běijìng Fàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Beǐjīng</foreignphrase>
- Hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">是，她住在北京飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, tā zhù zai
- Běijīng Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, she is staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Beǐjīng</foreignphrase>
- Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">江女士住在這個飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng nǚshì zhù
- zai zhèige fàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāng</foreignphrase> staying at this hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">是，她住在這個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, tā zhù zai
- zhèige fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, she is staying at this hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">黃女士住在那個飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng nǚshì zhù
- zai nèige fàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> staying at that hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">是，她住在那個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, tā zhù zai
- nèige fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, she is staying at that hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">王女士住在北京飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng nǚshì zhù
- zai Běijīng Fàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Beǐjīng</foreignphrase>
- Hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">是，她住在北京飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, tā zhù zai
- Beǐjīng Fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, she is staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Beǐjīng</foreignphrase>
- Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">林女士住在民族飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín nǚshì zhù
- zai Mínzú Fàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> staying at the Nationalities
- Hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">是，她住在民族飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, tā zhù zai
- Mínzú Fàndiàn, </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, she is staying at the Nationalities Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">毛女士住在這個飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Máo nǚshì zhù
- zai zhèige fàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Máo</foreignphrase> staying at this hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">是，她住在這個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, tā zhù zai
- zhèige fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, she is staying at this hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give negative response to all questions.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">江先生住在這個飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng xiānsheng
- zhù zai zhège fàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāng</foreignphrase> staying at this hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不是，他不住在這個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā bú
- zhù zai zhège fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he is not staying at this hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">馬先生住在那個飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ xiānsheng zhù
- zai nàge fàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase> staying at that hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不是，他不住在那個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā bú
- zhù zai nàge fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he is not staying at that hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">李先生住在國賓大飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiānsheng zhù
- zai Guóbīn Dàfàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> staying at the Ambassador
- Hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不是，他不住在國賓大飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā bú
- zhù zai Guóbīn Dàfàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he is not staying at the Ambassador Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">趙先生住在圓山大飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào xiānsheng
- zhù zai Yuánshān Dàfàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào</foreignphrase> staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yuánshān</foreignphrase>
- hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不是，他不住在圓山大飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā bú
- zhù zai Yuánshān Dàfàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he is not staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yuánshān</foreignphrase>
- hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">劉先生住在圓山大飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú xiānsheng
- zhù zai Yuánshān Dàfàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Liú</foreignphrase> staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yuánshān</foreignphrase>
- hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不是，他不住在圓山大飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā bú
- zhù zai Yánshān Dàfàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he is not staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yuánshān</foreignphrase>
- hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">唐先生住在那個飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Táng xiānsheng
- zhù zai nàge fàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táng</foreignphrase> staying at that hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不是，他不住在那個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā bú
- zhù zai nàge fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he is not staying at that hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">宋先生住在這個飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sòng xiānsheng
- zhù zai zhège fàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sòng</foreignphrase> staying at this hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不是，他不住在這個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā bú
- zhù zai zhège fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he is not staying at this hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give either a negative or an affirmative response, according to the
- cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >唐同志在在這個飯店嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Táng tóngzhì zhù
- zai zhèige fàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táng</foreignphrase> staying at this hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >這個飯店</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhèige fàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>this hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是，他/她住在這個飯店。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, tā zhù zai
- zhèige fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she is staying at this hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬同志住在那個飯店嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ tóngzhì zhù
- zai nèige fàndiàn ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase> staying at that hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >這個飯店</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhèige fàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>this hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不是，他/她不住在那個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā bú
- zhù zai nèige fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she is not staying at that hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">李同志住在北京飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tóngzhì zhù
- zai Běijīng Fàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>
- Hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">北京飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng Fàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase> Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">是，他/她住在北京飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, tā zhù zai
- Běijīng Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she is staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>
- Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">趙同志住在民族飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào tóngzhì zhù
- zai Mínzú Fàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào</foreignphrase> staying at the Nationalities
- Hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">北京飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng Fàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase> Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不是，他/她不住在民族飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā bú
- zhù zai Mínzú Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she is not staying at the Nationalities
- Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">劉同志住在這個飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú tóngzhì zhù
- zai zhèige fàndiàn ma? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Liú</foreignphrase> staying at this hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèige fàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>that hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不是，他/她不住在這個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā bú
- zhù zai zhèige fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she is not staying at this hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">江同志住在那個飯店?
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng tóngzhì
- zhù zai nèige fàndiàn ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāng</foreignphrase> staying at that hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèige
- fàndiàn</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>that hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">是，他/她住在那個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, tā zhù zai
- nèige fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she is staying at that hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">張同志住在北京飯店嗎？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tóngzhì
- zhù zai Běijīng Fàndiàn ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>
- Hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">民族飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mínzú Fàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Nationalities Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，他/她不住在北京飯店。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"> Bú shi, tā bú
- zhù zai Běijīng Fàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she is not staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>
- Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Transformation drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Change the less polite form <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nèige rén</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèige rén</foreignphrase> to the more polite form <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèiwèi</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhèiwèi</foreignphrase>.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個人是李同志。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige rén shi Lǐ
- tóngzhì</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That person is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那位是李同志。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèiwèi shi Lǐ
- tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That one is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這個人是方同志。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèige rén shi
- Fāng tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>This person is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fāng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這位是方同志。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèiwèi shi Fāng
- tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>This one is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fāng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個人是江同志。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige rén shi
- Jiāng tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That person is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那位是江同志。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèiwèi shi Jiāng
- tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That one is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這個人是周同志。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèige rén shi
- Zhōu tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>This person is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōu</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這位是周同志。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèiwèi shi Zhōu
- tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>This one is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōu</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個人是張同志。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige rén shi
- Zhāng tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That person is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那位是張同志。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèiwèi shi Zhāng
- tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That one is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這個人是陳同志。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèige rén shi
- Chén tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>This person is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn"
- >Chén</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這位是陳同志。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèiwèi shi Chén
- tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>This one is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個人是衚同志。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige rén shi Hú
- tóngzhì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That person is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那位是衚同志。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèiwèi shi Hú
- tóngzhì. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That one is Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn"
- >Hú</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Respond to <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">něige
- fàndiàn?</foreignphrase> “which hotel” according to the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在哪個飯店？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai něige
- fàndiàn?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Which hotel is he/she staying at?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">民族飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mínzú
- Fàndiàn</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>the Nationalities Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在民族飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai Mínzú
- Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at the Nationalities Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">張同志住在哪個飯店？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tóngzhì
- zhù zai něige fàndiàn?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Which hotel is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng</foreignphrase> staying
- at?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">北京飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng Fàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>the Běijīng Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai
- Běijīng Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>
- Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">江同志住在哪個飯店？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng tóngzhì
- zhù zai něige fàndiàn?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Which hotel is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng</foreignphrase> staying
- at?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">哪個飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèige
- fàndiàn</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>that hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai nèige
- fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at that hotel. </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">王同志住在哪個飯店？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tóngzhì zhù
- zai něige fàndiàn?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Which hotel is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng</foreignphrase> staying
- at?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這個飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhèige
- fàndiàn</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>this hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在這個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai
- zhèige fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at this hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">黃同志住在哪個飯店？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng tóngzhì
- zhù zai něige fàndiàn?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Which hotel is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng</foreignphrase> staying
- at?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">民族飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mínzú
- Fàndiàn</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>the Nationalities Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在民族飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai Mínzú
- Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at the Nationalities Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">林同志住在哪個飯店？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín tóngzhì zhù
- zai něige fàndiàn?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Which hotel is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín</foreignphrase> staying
- at?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">北京飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng
- Fàndiàn</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>this hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在北京飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai
- Běijīng Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at the Beijing hotel. </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">劉同志住在哪個飯店？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú tóngzhì zhù
- zai něige fàndiàn?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Which hotel is Comrade
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Liú</foreignphrase> staying at?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這個飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhèige
- fàndiàn</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>this hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在這個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai
- zhèige fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at this hotel. </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Respond to <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">něige
- rén</foreignphrase> “which person” with <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige rén</foreignphrase>, “that
- person”.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">請問，哪個人是王德賢？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, něige
- rén shi Wáng Déxián?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, which person is <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng
- Déxián</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個人是王德賢。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige rén shi
- Wáng Déxián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That person is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng Déxián</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">請問，哪個人是趙世民？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, něige
- rén shi Zhào Shìmín?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, which person is <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào
- Shìmín</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個人是趙世民。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige rén shi
- Zhào Shìmín. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That person is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào Shìmín</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">請問，哪個人是林寶蘭？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, něige
- rén shi Lín Bǎolán? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, which person is <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín
- Bǎolán</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個人是林寶蘭。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Neìge rén shi
- Lín Bǎolán. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That person is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín Bǎolán</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">請問，哪個人是高廷峯？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, něige
- rén shi Gāo Tíngfēng?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, which person is <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Gāo
- Tíngfēng</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個人是高廷峯。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Neìge rén shi
- Gāo Tíngfēng.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That person is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Gāo Tíngfēng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">請問，哪個人是張婉如？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, něige
- rén shi Zhāng Wǎnrú?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, which person is <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng
- Wǎnrú</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個人是張婉如。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige rén shi
- Zhāng Wǎnrú.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That person is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng Wǎnrú</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">請問，哪個人是胡美玲？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, něige
- rén shi Hú Měilíng?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, which person is <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú
- Měilíng</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個人是胡美玲。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige rén shi Hú
- Měilíng.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That person is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú Měilíng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">請問，哪個人是宋知遠？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, něige
- rén shi Sòng Zhīyuǎn?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, which person is <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sòng
- Zhīyuǎn</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個人是宋知遠。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige rén shi
- Sòng Zhīyuǎn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That person is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sòng Zhīyuǎn</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Transformation drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Ask the appropriate “which” or “where” question according to the
- statement.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她老家在青島。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lǎojiā zài
- Qīngdǎo.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her family is from <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Qīngdǎo</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她老家在哪兒？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lǎojiā zài
- nǎr?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is his/her family from?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她現在在加拿大。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài zài
- Jiānádà. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He /she is in Canada now.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她現在在哪兒？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài zài
- nǎr?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is he/she now?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在北京飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai
- Běijīng Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>
- Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在哪個飯店？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai něige
- fàndiàn?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In which hotel is he/she staying?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她現在在山東。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài zài
- Shāndōng.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He /she is in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shāndōng</foreignphrase> now.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她現在在哪兒？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài zài
- nǎr? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is he/she now?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在民族飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai Mínzú
- Fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at the Nationalities Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在哪個飯店？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai něige
- fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In which hotel is he/she staying?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她老家在湖北。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lǎojiā zài
- Húběi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her family is from <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Húběi</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她老家在那兒？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lǎojiā zài
- nǎr?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is his/her family from?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她現在在美國。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài zài
- Měiguó.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is in America now.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她現在在哪兒？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài zài
- nǎr?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is he/she now?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在這個飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai
- zhèige fàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying at this hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她住在哪個飯店？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai něige
- fàndiàn?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In which hotel is he/she staying?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她老家在廣東
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lǎojiā zài
- Guǎngdōng.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her family is from <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Guǎngdōng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她老家在那兒？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lǎojiā zài
- nǎr? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is his/her family from?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 2</title>
- <section>
- <title>Introduction</title>
- <section>
- <title>Topics covered in this unit</title>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para> Where people are staying (houses).</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para> Where people are working.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para> Addresses.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >de</foreignphrase>. </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para> The marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >ba</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para> The prepositional verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zài</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Material you will need</title>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para> The C-l and P-1 tapes, the Reference List and Reference Notes.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para> The C-2 and P-2 tapes, the Workbook.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para> The 2D-1 tape.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>References</title>
- <section>
- <title>Reference List</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zài
- náli?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住在哪理？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where are you staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù zài Guóbīn
- Dàfàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住在國賓大飯店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m staying at the Ambassador Hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zài
- náli?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住在哪理？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where are you staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù zài
- zhèli.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住在這理。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m staying here.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā
- ne?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他呢？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How about him?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zài
- nàli.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他住在那理。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He is staying there.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zài
- náli?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住在哪理？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where are you staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù zài péngyou
- jiā.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住在朋友家。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m staying at a friend’s home.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou jiā zài
- náli?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友家在哪理？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where is your friend’s house?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiā zài Dàlǐ
- Jiē.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他家在大力街。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>His house is on <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dàlǐ</foreignphrase> Street.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de dìzhǐ
- shi ...?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友的地址是……？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>What is your friend’s address?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dàlǐ jiē Sìshièrhào.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他的地址是大力街四十二號。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>His address is № 42 <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dàlǐ</foreignphrase> Street.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.<footnote>
- <para>This exchange occurs on the C-1 tape only</para>
- </footnote></entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi Wèi shàoxiào
- ba?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你是魏少校吧？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>You are Major Weiss, aren’t you?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shìde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Yes.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.<footnote>
- <para>This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only</para>
- </footnote></entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nà shi Guóbīn
- Dàfàndiàn ba?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那是國賓大飯店吧？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>That is Ambassador Hotel, isn’t it?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shìde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Yes.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou xiànzài
- zài náli gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友現在在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where does your friend work now?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Táinán
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他在臺南工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He works in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táinán</foreignphrase>.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>9.<footnote>
- <para>This exchange occurs on the C-1 tape only</para>
- </footnote></entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where do you work?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài Wǔguānchù
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我在武官處工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I work at the Defense Attache’s Office.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>10.<footnote>
- <para>This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only</para>
- </footnote></entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where do you work?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài yínháng
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我在銀行工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I work at a bank.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>11.<footnote>
- <para>This exchange occurs on the C-1 tape only</para>
- </footnote></entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou zài
- Táiběi gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友在臺北工作嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Does your friend work in Taipei?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài Táiběi
- gōngzuò; tā zài Táizhōng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他不在臺北工作。他在臺中工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He doesn’t work in Taipei; he works in Taichung.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Vocabulary</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.5*"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >ba</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">吧</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>question marker expressing supposition of what answer will
- be</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dàfàndiàn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >大飯店</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>hotel</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-de</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">的</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>possessive marker</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dìzhǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">地址</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>address</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >gōngzuò</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">工作</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to work</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Guóbīn
- Dàfàndiàn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >國賓大飯店</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Ambassador Hotel</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-hào</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">—號</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>number (in address)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jiā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">家</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>home, house</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jiē</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">街</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>street</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">路</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>road</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nà-</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那—</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>that</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nàge</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那個</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>that (one)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >náli</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">哪裏</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>where</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nàli</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那裏</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>there</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >péngyou</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">朋友</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>friend</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shàoxiào</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">少校</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>major (military title)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shìde</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">是的</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yes, that’s so.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wǔguānchù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >武官處</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>defense attache office</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yínháng</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">銀行</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>bank</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zài</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">在</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to be in/at/on (prepositional verb)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhè-</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>this</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhège</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這個</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>this (one)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèli</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這裏</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>here</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dìyī
- Dàfàndiàn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >第一大飯店</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>First Hotel</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Měiguó Guójì
- Jiāoliú Zǒngshǔ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >美國國際交流總署</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>U.S. International Communications Agency</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Měiguó
- Yínháng</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >美國銀行</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Bank of America</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Táiwān
- Yínháng</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺灣銀行</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Bank of Taiwan</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Yóuzhèngjǘ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >郵政局</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>post office</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Reference Notes</title>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №1–2</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zài
- náli?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住在哪理？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where are you staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù zài
- Guóbīn Dàfàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住在國賓大飯店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m staying at the Ambassador Hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zài
- náli?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住在哪理？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where are you staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù zài
- zhèli.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住在這理。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m staying here.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā
- ne?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他呢？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How about him?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zài
- nàli.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他住在那理。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He is staying there.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>The word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">guóbǐn</foreignphrase>
- actually refers to any official state guest, not just an ambassador. (The
- word for “ambassador” is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dàshǐ</foreignphrase>) The translation “Ambassador Hotel” has been used
- for years by that hotel and, although inaccurate, has been retained in this
- text.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàfàndiàn</foreignphrase> means
- “great hotel” or “grand hotel.” It is commonly used in the names of Taiwan
- and Hong Kong hotels.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Náli</foreignphrase>,
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nàli</foreignphrase>, and
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhèli</foreignphrase> are
- common variants of <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nǎr</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nàr</foreignphrase>, and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèr</foreignphrase> in non-Peking dialects of Standard Chinese. The
- forms with <emphasis role="bold">r</emphasis> are Peking dialect
- forms.</para>
- <para> Compare:<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry>Peking</entry>
- <entry>Other</entry>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nǎr?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >náli?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">where?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪儿</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪里</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nàr</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nàli</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">there</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那儿</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那里</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèr</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèli</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">here</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >这儿</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >这里</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>Notice the difference in tone “between <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǎr</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">náli</foreignphrase>. This is because
- -<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">li</foreignphrase> has a
- basic Low tone, and the first of two adjoining Low-tone syllables changes to
- a Rising tone: <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǎ</foreignphrase>
- + -<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lǐ</foreignphrase> =
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">náli</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №3–4</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zài
- náli?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住在哪理？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where are you staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù zài
- péngyou jiā.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住在朋友家。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I’m staying at a friend’s home.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou jiā
- zài náli?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友家在哪理？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where is your friend’s house?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiā zài Dàlǐ
- Jiē.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他家在大力街。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>His house is on <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dàlǐ</foreignphrase> Street.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>The possessive relationships in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >péngyou jiā</foreignphrase>, “friend’s house,” <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǐ péngyou jiā</foreignphrase>, “your
- friend’s house,” and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tā
- jiā</foreignphrase>, “his house,” are unmarked, while the English must
- include -’s or the possessive form of the pronoun (“your,” “his”). In
- Chinese, possessive relationships may be expressed by simply putting the
- possessor in front of the possessed when the relationship between the two is
- particularly close, like the relationship between a person and his home,
- family, or friends.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №5</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyoude
- dìzhǐ shi ...?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友的地址是……？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>What is your friend’s address?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shì
- jiē Sìshièrhào.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他的地址是大力街四十二號。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>His address is № 42 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ</foreignphrase>
- street.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Péngyou de
- dìzhǐ:</foreignphrase> “The marker -<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">de</foreignphrase> in this phrase is Just
- like the English possessive ending -’s. With the exception of close
- relationships, this is the usual way to form the possessive in Chinese.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǐ
- péngyǒu</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>-de</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dìzhǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >的</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >地址</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>your friend</entry>
- <entry>’s</entry>
- <entry>address</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>Unlike the English -’s ending, -<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">de</foreignphrase> is also added to pronouns.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wǒ
- de</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">my</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我的</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǐ
- de</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">your</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你的</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tā
- de</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">his/her</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她的</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>You are learning possessive phrases in which the marker
- -<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">de</foreignphrase> is used
- (<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tā de dìzhǐ</foreignphrase>)
- and some possessive phrases which do not contain -<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">de</foreignphrase> (<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǐ péngyou jiā</foreignphrase>). There are
- certain reasons for the inclusion or omission of -<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">de</foreignphrase>. If a close relationship
- exists between the possessor and the possessed, the marker -<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">de</foreignphrase> might not be used. If a
- phrase is long and complex, as <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ
- xiānsheng péngyou de tàitai</foreignphrase>, the marker -<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">de</foreignphrase> is used to separate the
- possessor from the possessed.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry namest="c1" nameend="c2" align="center">short or
- simple</entry>
- <entry namest="c3" nameend="c4" align="center">long or
- complex</entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jiā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú
- Měilíng</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-de
- lǎojiā</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >家</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡美玲</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >的老家</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >wǒ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >péngyou</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǐ
- péngyou</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-de
- dìzhǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >朋友</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >的地址</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ
- xiānsheng péngyou</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-de
- tàitai</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李先生朋友</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >的太太</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>But these are not hard and fast rules. The use or omission of
- -<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">de</foreignphrase> is not
- determined solely by the number of syllables in a phrase or by the closeness
- between the possessor and the possessed, although both of these
- considerations do play a big part in the decision.</para>
- <para>While some common nouns are usually used without -<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">de</foreignphrase> before them, most nouns
- are more likely to be preceded by -<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >de</foreignphrase>, and many even require it. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dìzhǐ</foreignphrase>, “address,” is the only
- noun you have learned which <emphasis role="bold">REQUIRES</emphasis> the
- possessive marker -<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >de</foreignphrase> added to the possessor. But other nouns such as
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiā</foreignphrase> are not
- always preceded by -<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >de</foreignphrase>. This is also the case with nouns indicating
- personal relationships, like <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >fùmǔ</foreignphrase>, “father,” and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tàitai</foreignphrase> “wife.” <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Péngyou</foreignphrase>, “friend,”
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xuésheng</foreignphrase>,
- “student,” and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lǎoshī</foreignphrase> “teacher” are commonly used without
- -<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">de</foreignphrase>, but may
- also be used with the marker.</para>
- <para>You might expect the question <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ
- péngyou de dìzhǐ...?</foreignphrase> to be completed with a word such as
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shénme</foreignphrase>,
- “what.” However, the incomplete form given in this exchange, with the voice
- trailing off, inviting completion, is also commonly used.</para>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Addresses</emphasis>: The order in which addresses
- are given in Chinese is the reverse of that used in English. In Chinese, the
- order is from the general to the specific: country, province or state, city,
- street name, street number.</para>
- <para>-<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hào</foreignphrase>: A street
- number is always given with the bound word -<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hào</foreignphrase>, “number,” after it.<footnote>
- <para>The word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dì</foreignphrase>- is sometimes translated “number,” as in
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dìyī</foreignphrase>,
- “number one” (See resource module on Numbers, tape 4.)</para>
- </footnote></para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №6–7</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi Wèi
- shàoxiào ba?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你是魏少校吧？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>You are Major Weiss, aren’t you?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shìde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Yes.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nà shi Guóbīn
- Dàfàndiàn ba?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那是國賓大飯店吧？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>That is Ambassador Hotel, isn’t it?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shìde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Yes.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ba</foreignphrase> is a marker
- for a question which expresses the speaker’s supposition as to what the
- answer will be. It is the type of question which asks for a confirmation
- from the listener.</para>
- <para>There are three ways to translate the two questions in exchanges 6 and 7
- into English:<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.5*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle"><foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi Wèi shàoxiào
- ba?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">
- <para>Aren’t you Major Weiss?</para>
- <para>You are Major Weiss, aren’t you?</para>
- <para>You must be Major Weiss.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle"><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你是魏少校吧？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle"><foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nà shi Guóbǐn Dàfàndiàn
- ba?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">
- <para>Isn’t that the Ambassador Hotel?</para>
- <para>That is the Ambassador Hotel, isn’t it?</para>
- <para>That must be the Ambassador Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle"><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那是国宾大饭店吧？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>Each translation reflects a different degree of certainty on the part of
- the speaker. (While the differences in certainty are expressed in English by
- variation in wording, they can be expressed in Chinese by intonation.) You
- will probably find that the “isn’t it”, “aren’t you” translation fits most
- situations.</para>
- <para>The short answer <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shìde</foreignphrase> is an expanded form of the short answer
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shì</foreignphrase>, with the
- same meaning: “Yes, that’s so.” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shìde</foreignphrase> is also the word used for the “yes” in the
- military “Yes, sir.”</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nà</foreignphrase>
- (<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèi</foreignphrase>): In the
- subject position, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nà</foreignphrase> (<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nèi</foreignphrase>), “that,” and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhè</foreignphrase> (<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhèi</foreignphrase>), “this,” may be used
- either as free words or as bound words, with -<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ge</foreignphrase> following. </para>
- <para>Compare:<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nà</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shi Guóbǐn
- Dàfàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是国宾大饭店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>That</entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>is the Ambassador Hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nà</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-ge</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shi Guóbǐn
- Dàfàndiàn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >个</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是国宾大饭店。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>That</entry>
- <entry>one</entry>
- <entry>is the Ambassador Hotel.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>However, the question form <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǎ</foreignphrase>- (<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">něi</foreignphrase>-) is a bound word.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǎge
- (fàndiàn) shi Guóbǐn
- Dàfàndiàn?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">Which one is the
- Ambassador Hotel?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那个（饭店）是国宾大饭店？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №8–11</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou
- xiànzài zài náli gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友現在在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where does your friend work now?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Táinán
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他在臺南工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He works in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táinán</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where do you work?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài
- Wǔguānchù gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我在武官處工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I work at the Defense Attache’s Office.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>10.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Where do you work?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài yínháng
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我在銀行工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I work at a bank.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>11.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou zài
- Táiběi gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友在臺北工作嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Does your friend work in Taipei?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài
- Táiběi gōngzuò; tā zài Táizhōng
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他不在臺北工作。他在臺中工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He doesn’t work in Taipei; he works in Taichung.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǔguānchù</foreignphrase>,
- “defense attache’s office,” literally means “military attache’s
- office.”</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zài...gōngzuò</foreignphrase>:
- Compare these two sentences:</para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="left"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zài</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táinán.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >在</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >台南</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>He </entry>
- <entry>is in</entry>
- <entry>Tainan.</entry>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zài</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táinán</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >在</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >台南</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>He </entry>
- <entry>in </entry>
- <entry>Tainan</entry>
- <entry>works.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>The sentence <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Táinán
- gōngzuò</foreignphrase> seems to have two verbs: <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài</foreignphrase>, “to be in/at/on,” and
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gōngzuò</foreignphrase>, “to
- work.” But there is only one verb in the translation: “He works in Tainan.”
- The translation reflects the fact that <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài</foreignphrase> loses its full verb
- status in this sentence and plays a role like that of the English
- preposition “in” The <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zài</foreignphrase> phrase in Chinese, like the “in” phrase in English,
- gives more information about the main verb <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gōngzuò</foreignphrase>; that is, it tells
- where the action takes place. “He works,” and the work takes place “in
- Tainan.” In sentences like this, the word <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài</foreignphrase> is a prepositional verb.
- Most relationships expressed by prepositions in English are expressed by
- prepositional verbs in Chinese.</para>
- <para>You have also seen <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zài</foreignphrase> used as a prepositional verb in the sentence
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zài
- náli?</foreignphrase> “Where do you live?”—literally, “You live at
- where?” Notice that in this sentence the prepositional verb phrase
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài náli</foreignphrase> comes
- after the main verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhù</foreignphrase>. In the sentence <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zài náli gōngzuò?</foreignphrase> the
- prepositional verb phrase <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài
- náli</foreignphrase> conies before the main verb <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gōngzuò</foreignphrase>. Many things, such as
- stress, contrast, and other objects in the sentence, can influence the order
- of the prepositional verb phrase and the main verb.</para>
- <para>In some cases, either order may be used, as in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zài náli zhù?</foreignphrase> or
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù zài
- náli?</foreignphrase>. In other cases, the word order is fixed, as in
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zài náli gōngzuò?
- </foreignphrase>For text examples, it will be pointed out whether or not the
- word order may be changed, and the reasons will be given.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài Táiběi
- gōngzuò</foreignphrase>, “He doesn’t work in Taipei”: In this sentence,
- the negative adverb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >bù</foreignphrase> comes before the prepositional verb <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài</foreignphrase> (which starts the
- complete predicate <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài Táiběi
- gōngzuò</foreignphrase>, not before the main verb <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gōngzuò</foreignphrase>. This makes sense,
- for you are not saying “He does NOT WORK,” but you are saying “He does NOT
- work IN TAIPEI.”<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >bù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài
- Táiběi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >在台北</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >bù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài
- Táiběi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >在台北</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Drills</title>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Answer according to the cue</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">李先生住在那裏？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiānsheng zhù
- zai náli? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >國賓大飯店</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Guóbīn
- Dàfàndiàn</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Ambassador Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他住在國賓大飯店。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai
- Guóbīn Dàfàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is staying at the Ambassador Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">高先生住在那裏？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Gāo xiānsheng
- zhù zai náli?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Gāo</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">圓山大飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yuánshān
- Dàfàndiàn</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Yuánshān</foreignphrase> hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他住在圓山大飯店。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai
- Yuánshān Dàfàndiàn. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is staying at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yuánshān</foreignphrase>
- hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">楊先生住在哪裏？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yáng xiānsheng
- zhù zai náli? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Yáng</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">第一大飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dìyī Dàfàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Grand Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他住在第一大飯店。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta zhù zai Dìyī
- Dàfàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is staying at the Grand Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">唐先生住在哪裏？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Táng xiānsheng
- zhù zai náli? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táng</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">這裏
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhèli
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>here</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他住在這裏。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">tā zhù zài
- zhèli.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is staying here.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >司馬先生住在哪裏？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sǐmǎ xiānsheng
- zhù zai náli? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sǐmǎ</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">朋友家
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">péngyou jiā
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>friend’s house</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他住在朋友家。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai
- péngyou jiā.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is staying at his friend’s house.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >劉先生住在哪裏？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú xiānsheng
- zhù zai náli? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sǐmǎ</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">那裏
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nàli
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>there</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他住在那裏。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai
- nàli.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is staying there.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">王住在哪裏？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- zhù zai náli? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">第一大飯店
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dìyī Dàfàndiàn
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Grand Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他住在第一大飯店。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù zai Dìyī
- Dàfàndiàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is staying at the Grand Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Answer according to the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他朋友家在哪裏？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā péngyou jiā
- zài náli? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is your friend’s house?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">博愛路
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bóài Lù
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Bóài</foreignphrase> road</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他家在博愛路。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiā zài Bóài
- Lù. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her house is on <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bóài</foreignphrase>
- road.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">李先生家在哪裏？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiānsheng jiā
- zài náli? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> house?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">敦化路
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dūnhuà Lù
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dūnhuà</foreignphrase> road</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他家在敦化路。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiā zài
- Dūnhuà Lù </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His house is on <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dūnhuà</foreignphrase> road.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">王先生家在哪裏？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- jiā zài náli? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase>’s house?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >農安街</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nóngān Jiē
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nóngān</foreignphrase> street</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他家在農安街。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiā zài
- Nóngān Jiē. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His house is on <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nóngān</foreignphrase> street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">何先生家在哪裏？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hé xiānsheng jiā
- zài náli? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hé</foreignphrase>’s house?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">大理街
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ Jiē
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ
- </foreignphrase> street</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他家在大理街。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiā zài Dàlǐ
- Jiē</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His house is on <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dàlǐ</foreignphrase> street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">包先生家在哪裏？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bāo xiānsheng
- jiā zài náli? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Bāo</foreignphrase>’s house?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">南京路
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nánjīng Lù
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nánjīng</foreignphrase> road</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他家在南京路。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiā zài
- Nánjīng Lù</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His house is on <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nánjīng</foreignphrase> road.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">馬先生家在哪裏？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ xiānsheng jiā
- zài náli? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase>’s house?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">中山路
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōngshān Lù
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhōngshān</foreignphrase> road</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他家在中山路。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiā zài
- Zhōngshān Lù. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His house is on <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhōngshān</foreignphrase> road.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">林先生家在哪裏？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín xiānsheng
- jiā zài náli? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase>’s house?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">浙江街
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèjiāng Jiē
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhèjiāng</foreignphrase> street</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他家在浙江街。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiā zài
- Zhèjiāng Jiē. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His house is on <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhèjiāng</foreignphrase> street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>According to each cue, respond with the appropriate street number on
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dàlǐ
- Jiē</foreignphrase></title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你朋友的地址是……？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de
- dìzhǐ shi ...? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What is your friend’s address?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">42 號
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sìshièrhào
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>number 42</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她的地址是大理街四十二號。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dàlǐ Jiē Sìshièrhào. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her address is number 42 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ</foreignphrase>
- street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你朋友的地址是……？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de
- dìzhǐ shi ...? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What is your friend’s address?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">40 號
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sìshihào hào
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>number 40</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她的地址是大理街十四號。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dàlǐ Jiē Sìshihào. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her address is number 40 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ</foreignphrase>
- street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你朋友的地址是……？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de
- dìzhǐ shi ...? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What is your friend’s address?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">95 號
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiǔshiwǔhào hào
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>number 95</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她的地址是大理街九十五號。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dàlǐ Jiē Jiǔshiwǔhào. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her address is number 95 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ</foreignphrase>
- street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你朋友的地址是……？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de
- dìzhǐ shi ...? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What is your friend’s address?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">26 號
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Èrshiliùhào hào
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>number 26</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她的地址是大理街二十六號。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dàlǐ Jiē Èrshiliùhào. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her address is number 26 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ</foreignphrase>
- street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你朋友的地址是……？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de
- dìzhǐ shi ...? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What is your friend’s address?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">77 號
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qīshiqīhào hào
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>number 77</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她的地址是大理街七十七號。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dàlǐ Jiē Qīshiqīhào. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her address is number 77 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ</foreignphrase>
- street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你朋友的地址是……？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de
- dìzhǐ shi ...? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What is your friend’s address?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">68 號
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liùshibáhào hào
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>number 68</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她的地址是大理街六十八號。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dàlǐ Jiē Liùshibáhào. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her address is number 68 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ</foreignphrase>
- street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你朋友的地址是……？
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de
- dìzhǐ shi ...? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What is your friend’s address? </para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">44 號
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sìshisìhào hào
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>number 44</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她的地址是大理街四十四號。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dàlǐ Jiē Sìshisìhào. </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her address is number 44 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ</foreignphrase>
- street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give the appropriate <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táiwān</foreignphrase> street addresses according to the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友的地址是……？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de
- dìzhǐ shi...?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What is your friend’s address?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >大理街十四二號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ Jiē 42
- hào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>42 <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dàlǐ</foreignphrase> street</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她的地址是大理街十四二號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dàlǐ Jiē Sìshièrhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her address is number 42 </para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dàlǐ</foreignphrase> street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友的地址是……？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de
- dìzhǐ shi...?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What is your friend’s address?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >博愛路九十四號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bóài Lù 94
- hào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>94 <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Bóài</foreignphrase> road</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她的地址是博愛路九十四號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Bóài Lù Jiǔshisìhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her address is number 95 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bóài</foreignphrase>
- road.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友的地址是……？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de
- dìzhǐ shi...?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What is your friend’s address?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >敦化路五十五好</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dūnhuà Lù 55
- hào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>55 <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dūnhuà</foreignphrase> road</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她的地址是敦化路五十五好。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dūnhuà Lù Wǔshiwǔhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her address is number 55 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dūnhuà</foreignphrase>
- road.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友的地址是……？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de
- dìzhǐ shi...?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What is your friend’s address?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >農安街七十五號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nóngān Jiē 75
- hào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>75 <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nóngān</foreignphrase> street</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她的地址是農安街七十五號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Qīshiwǔhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her address is number 75 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nóngān</foreignphrase>
- street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友的地址是……？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de
- dìzhǐ shi...?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What is your friend’s address?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >大理街四十二號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ Jiē 42
- hào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>42 <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dàlǐ</foreignphrase> street</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她的地址是大理街四十二號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dàlǐ Jiē Sìshièrhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her address is number 42 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dàlǐ</foreignphrase>
- street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友的地址是……？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de
- dìzhǐ shi...?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What is your friend’s address?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >敦化路五十五號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dūnhuà Lù 55
- hào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>55 <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dūnhuà</foreignphrase> road</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她的地址是敦化路五十五號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dūnhuà Lù Wǔshiwǔhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her address is number 55 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dūnhuà</foreignphrase>
- road.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友的地址是……？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou de
- dìzhǐ shi...?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What is your friend’s address?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >博愛路九十四號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bóài Lù 94
- hào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>94 <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Bóài</foreignphrase> road</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她的地址是博愛路九十四號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Bóài Lù Jiǔshisìhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her address is number 94 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bóài</foreignphrase>
- road.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Transform the sentence according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬太太家在大理街四十二號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ tàitai jiā
- zài Dàlǐ Jiē Sìshièrhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase>’s house is at N°42 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ</foreignphrase>
- street.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她的地址是大理街四十二號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dàlǐ Jiē Sìshièrhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Her address is N°42 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ</foreignphrase>
- street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙太太家在博愛路九十四號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào tàitai jiā
- zài Bóài Lù Jiǔshisìhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào</foreignphrase>’s house is at N°94 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bóài</foreignphrase>
- road.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她的地址是博愛路九十四號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Bóài Lú Jiǔshisìhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Her address is N°94 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bóài</foreignphrase>
- road.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李太太家在敦化路五十五號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tàitai jiā
- zài Dūnhuà Lù Wǔshiwǔhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase>’s house is at <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dūnhuà</foreignphrase>
- road.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她的地址是敦化路五十五號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dūnhuà Lù Wǔshiwǔhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Her address is N°55 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dūnhuà</foreignphrase>
- road.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >何太太家在農安街七十五號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hé tàitai jiā
- zài Nóngān Jiē Qīshiwǔhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hé</foreignphrase>’s house is at N°75 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nóngān</foreignphrase>
- street.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她的地址是農安街七十五號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Nóngān Jiē Qīshiwǔhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Her address is N°75 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nóngān</foreignphrase>
- street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >高太太家在大理街四十二號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Gāo tàitai jiā
- zài Dàlǐ Jiē Sìshièrhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Gāo</foreignphrase>’s house is at N°42 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ</foreignphrase>
- street.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她的地址是大理解街四十二號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dàlǐ Jiē Sìshièrhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Her address is N°42 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dàlǐ</foreignphrase>
- street.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王太太家在博愛路九十四號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tàitai jiā
- zài Bóài Lù Jiǔshisìhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase>’s house is at N°94 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bóài</foreignphrase>
- road.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她的地址是博愛路九十四號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Bóài Lú Jiǔshisìhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Her address is N°94 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bóài</foreignphrase>
- road.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >林太太家在敦化路五十五號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín tàitai jiā
- zài Dūnhuà Lù Wǔshiwǔhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase>’s house is at N°55 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dūnhuà</foreignphrase>
- road</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她的地址是敦化路五十五號。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de dìzhǐ shi
- Dūnhuà Lù Wǔshiwǔhào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Her address is N°55 <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dūnhuà</foreignphrase>
- road.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Change each <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ma?</foreignphrase>
- question to a <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ba?</foreignphrase>
- question.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >您是魏少校嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín shi Wèi
- shàoxiào ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are you Major Weiss?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >您是魏少校吧</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín shi Wèi
- shàoxiào ba?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>You are Major Weiss, aren’t you?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他是張少校嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi Zhāng
- shàoxiào ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is he Major <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他是張少校吧？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi Zhāng
- shàoxiào ba?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is Major <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase>, isn’t he?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >您是黃小姐嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín shi Huáng
- xiǎojiě ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are you Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >您是黃小姐吧？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín shi Zhāng
- xiǎojiě ba?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>You are Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase>, aren’t you?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那是國賓大飯店嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nà shi Guóbīn
- Dàfàndiàn ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is that the Nationalities Hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那是國賓大飯店吧？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nà shi Guóbīn
- Dàfàndiàn ba?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That is the Nationalities Hotel, isn’t it?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >這是第一大飯店嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhè shi Dìyī
- Dàfàndiàn ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is this the Grand Hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >這是第一大飯店吧？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhè shi Dìyī
- Dàfàndiàn ba?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>This is the Grand Hotel, isn’t it?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那位是王太太嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nàwèi shi Wáng
- tàitai ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is that person Mrs. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那位是王太太吧。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nàwèi shi Wáng
- tàitai ba?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>This person is Mrs. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng</foreignphrase>, isn’t
- it?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那是圓山大飯店嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nà shi Yuánshān
- Dàfàndiàn ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is that the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Yuánshān</foreignphrase> hotel?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那是圓山大飯店吧？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nà shi Yuánshān
- Dàfàndiàn ba?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>That is the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Yuánshān</foreignphrase> hotel, isn’t it?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Answer according to the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在那哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where does he/she work?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺北</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táiběi</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Taipei</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在臺北工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Táiběi
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she works in Taipei.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where does he/she work?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺南</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táinán</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Tʽai-nan</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在臺南工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Táinán
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she works in Tʽai-nan.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where does he/she work?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺中</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táizhōng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Tʽai-chung</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在臺中工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Táizhōng
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she works in Tʽai-chung.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where does he/she work?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >高雄</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Gāoxióng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Kao-hsiung</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在高雄工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Gāoxióng
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she works in Kao-hsiung.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where does he/she work?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >基隆</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jīlóng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Chi-lung</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在基隆工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Jīlóng
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she works in Chi-lung.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where does he/she work?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺北</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táiběi</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Taipei</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在臺北工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Táiběi
- Gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she works in Taipei.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where does he/she work?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺中</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táizhōng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Tʽai-chung</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在臺中工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Táizhōng
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she works in Tʽai-chung.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Answer with a positive answer.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在郵政局工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài
- yóuzhèngjǘ gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she work at the post office?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >對了，他/她在郵政局工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā zài
- yóuzhèngjǘ gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she works at the post office.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在武官處工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Wǔguānchù
- gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she works at the military attache’s office?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >對了，他/她在武官處工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā zài
- Wǔguānchù gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she works at the military attache’s office.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在銀行工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài yínháng
- gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she works at the bank?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >對了，他/她在銀行工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā zài
- yínháng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she works at the bank?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在美國銀行工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Měiguó
- Yínháng gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she works at the Bank of America?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >對了，他/她在美國銀行工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā zài
- Měiguó Yínháng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she works at the Bank of America.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在臺灣銀行工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Táiwān
- Yínháng gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she works at the Bank of <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táiwān</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >對了，他/她在臺灣銀行工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā zài
- Táiwān Yínháng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she works at the Bank of <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táiwān</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在武官處工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Wǔguānchù
- gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she works at the military attache’s office?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >對了，他/她在武官處工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā zài
- Wǔguānchù gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she works at the military attache’s office.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在郵政局工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài
- yóuzhèngjǘ gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she works at the post office?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >對了，他/她在郵政局工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā zài
- yóuzhèngjǘ gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she works at the post office.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Add <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiànzài</foreignphrase>,
- “now” to each statement.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >周先生在臺北工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōu xiānsheng
- zài Táiběi gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhōu</foreignphrase> works in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táiběi</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >周先生現在在臺北工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōu xiānsheng
- xiànzài zài Táiběi gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhōu</foreignphrase> is working in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Táiběi</foreignphrase>
- now.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張先生在臺中工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng xiānsheng
- zài Táizhōng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> works in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táizhōng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張先生現在在臺中工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng xiānsheng
- xiànzài zài Táizhōng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> is working in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Táizhōng</foreignphrase>
- now.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡小姐在臺南工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiǎojiě zài
- Táinán gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> works in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táinán</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡小姐現在在臺南工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiǎojiě
- xiànzài zài Táinán gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> is working in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Táinán</foreignphrase>
- now.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬小姐在高雄工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ xiǎojiě zài
- Gāoxióng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase> works in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Gāoxióng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬小姐現在在高雄工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ xiǎojiě
- xiànzài zài Gāoxióng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase> is working in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Gāoxióng</foreignphrase>
- now.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙先生在基隆工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào xiānsheng
- zài Jīlóng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāo</foreignphrase> works in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jīlóng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙先生現在在基隆工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào xiānsheng
- xiànzài zài Jīlóng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāo</foreignphrase> is working in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jīlóng</foreignphrase>
- now.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳先生在臺北工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén xiānsheng
- zài Táiběi gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> works in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táiběi</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳先生現在在臺北工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén xiānsheng
- xiànzài zài Táiběi gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> is working in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Táiběi</foreignphrase>
- now.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >江小姐在高雄工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng xiǎojiě
- zài Gāoxióng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāng</foreignphrase> works in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Gāoxióng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >江小姐現在在高雄工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng xiǎojiě
- xiànzài zài Gāoxióng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāng</foreignphrase> is working in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Gāoxióng</foreignphrase>
- now.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Make each statement negative by changing <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài</foreignphrase> to <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bú zài</foreignphrase>.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >衚同志在北京工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú tōngzhì zài
- Běijīng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> works in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >衚同志不在北京工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú tōngzhì bú
- zài Běijīng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> doesn’t work in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李同志在南京工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tóngzhì zài
- Nánjīng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> works in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nánjīng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李同志不在南京工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tóngzhì bú
- zài Nánjīng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> doesn’t work in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nánjīng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在青島工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Qīngdǎo
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she works in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Qīngdǎo</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她不在青島工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài
- Qīngdǎo gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she doesn’t work in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Qīngdǎo</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >林同志在廣州工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín tóngzhì zài
- Guǎngzhōu gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> works in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Guǎnzhōu</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >林同志不在廣州工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín tóngzhì bú
- zài Guǎngzhōu gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> doesn’t work in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Guǎnzhōu</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙同志在上海工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào tōngzhì zài
- Shànghǎi gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào</foreignphrase> works in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shànghǎi</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙同志不在上海工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào tōngzhì bú
- zài Shànghǎi gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào</foreignphrase> doesn’t work in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shànghǎi</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳同志在青島工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén tóngzhì zài
- Qīngdǎo gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> works in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Qīngdǎo</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳同志不在青島工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén tóngzhì bú
- zài Qīngdǎo gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> doesn’t work in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Qīngdǎo</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃同志在北京工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng tóngzhì
- zài Běijīng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> works in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃同志不在北京工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng tóngzhì bú
- zài Běijīng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> doesn’t work in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give negative responses to the questions, adding correct information
- according to the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡小姐在臺北工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiǎojiě zài
- Táiběi gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> work in Taipei?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺南</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táinán</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Tainan</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她不在臺北工作。她在臺南工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài Táiběi
- gōngzuò; tā zài Táinán gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She doesn’t work in Taipei; she works in Tainan.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李太太在臺中工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tàitai zài
- Táizhōng gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Ms <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> work in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táizhōng</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >基隆</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jīlóng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jīlóng</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">她不在臺中工作。
- 她在基隆工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài
- Táizhōng gōngzuò; tā zài Jīlóng
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She doesn’t work in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Táizhōng</foreignphrase>; she
- works in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jīlóng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬先生在這裏工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ xiānsheng zài
- zhèli gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase> work here?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >高雄</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Gāoxióng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Gāoxióng</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他不在這裏工作。
- 他在高雄工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài zhèli
- gōngzuò; tā zài Gāoxiōng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He doesn’t work here; he works in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Gāoxióng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在武官處工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Wúguānchù
- gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he work in the military attaché’s office?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >美國銀行</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Měiguo
- Yínháng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Bank of America</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她不在武官處工作。
- 他/她在美國銀行工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài Měiguo
- gōngzuò; tā zài Měiguo Yínháng
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He doesn’t work in the military attaché’s office; he works
- in the Bank of America.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在郵政局工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài
- yóuzhèngjǘ gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he work in the post office?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺灣銀行</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Táiwān
- Yínháng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Bank of Taiwan</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她不在郵政局工作。
- 他/她在臺灣銀行工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài
- yóuzhèngjǘ gōngzuò; tā zài Táiwān Yínháng
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He doesn’t work in the post office; he works in the Bank
- of Taiwan.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >林先生在那裏工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín xiānsheng
- zài nàli gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> work there?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >這裏</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèli</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>here</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他不在那裏工作。
- 他在這裏工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài nàli
- gōngzuò; tā zài zhèli gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He doesn’t work there; he works here.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >劉小姐在臺北工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú xiǎojiě zài
- Táiběi gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Liú</foreignphrase> work in Taipei?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺中</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táizhōng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táizhōng</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她不在臺北工作。她在臺中工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài Táiběi
- gōngzuò; tā zài Táizhōng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She doesn’t work in Taipei; she works in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táizhōng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give an affirmative or negative response according to each cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在臺北工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Táiběi
- gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she work in Taipei?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺北</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táiběi</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Taipei</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >對了，他/她在臺北工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā zaì
- Táiběi gōngzuo.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she works in Taipei.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在臺北工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Táiběi
- gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she work in Taipei?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺南</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táinán</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Tʽai-nan</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她不在臺北工作。他/她在臺南工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zaì Táiběi
- gōngzuò; tā zài Táinán gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she doesn’t work in Taipei. he/she works in
- Tʽai-nan.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在臺中工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Táizhōng
- gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she work in Tʽai-chung.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >基隆</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jīlóng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Chi-lung</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她不在臺中工作嗎。他/她在基隆工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài
- Táizhōng gōngzuò; tā zài Jīlóng
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No he/she doesn’t work in Tʽai-chung. He/she works in
- Chi-lung.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在這裏工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài zhèli
- gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she work here?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >這裏</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèli</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>here</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >對了，他/她在這裏工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā zài
- zhèli gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she works here.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在郵政局工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài
- yóuzhèngjǘ gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she work at the post office?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺灣銀行</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Táiwān
- Yínháng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Bank of Taiwan</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她不在郵政局工作。他/她在臺灣銀行工作嗎。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài
- yóuzhèngjǘ gōngzuo; tā zài Táiwān Yínháng
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she doesn’t work at the post office. He/she works at
- the Bank of Taiwan.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在武官處工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Wǔguānchù
- gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she work at the defense attache office?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >這裏</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèli</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>here</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她不在武官處工作。他/她在這裏工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài
- Wǔguānchù gōngzuò; tā zài zhèli
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she doesn’t work at the defense attache office.
- He/she works here.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在美國銀行工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Měiguó
- Yínháng gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she work at the Bank of America?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >美國銀行</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Měiguó
- Yínháng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Bank of America </para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >對了，他/她在美國銀行工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā zài
- Měiguó Yínháng gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she works at the Bank of America.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 3</title>
- <section>
- <title>Introduction</title>
- <section>
- <title>Topics covered in this unit</title>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>Members of a family.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The plural ending -<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >men</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The question word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǐ</foreignphrase>- “how many.”</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The adverb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dōu</foreignphrase> “all.”</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Several ways to express “and.”</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Material you will need</title>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>The C-l and P-1 tapes, the Reference List and Reference Notes.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The C-2 and P-2 tapes, the Workbook.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The 3D-1 tape.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>References</title>
- <section>
- <title>Reference List</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen yǒu háizi
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們有孩子嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Do you have children?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, wǒmen
- yǒu.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，我們有。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Yes, we have.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú xiānsheng yǒu
- Měiguó péngyou ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >劉先生有美國朋友嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Does Mr <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Liú</foreignphrase> have any American friends?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā meíyǒu Měiguó
- péngyou.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他沒有美國朋友。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He doesn’t have any American friends.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu Yīngguó
- péngyou.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他有英國朋友。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He has English friends. (or an English friend)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen yǒu jǐge
- háizi?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們有幾個孩子？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How many children do you have?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen yǒu sānge
- háizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們有三個孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>We have three children.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen yǒu jǐge
- nánháizi, jǐge nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們有幾個男孩子，幾個女孩子？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How many boys and how many girls do you have?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen yǒu liǎngge
- nánháizi, yīge nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們有兩個男孩子，一個女孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>We have two boys and one girl.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì nánháizi, shi
- nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是男孩子，是女孩子？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are they boys or girls?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen dōu shi
- nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們都是女孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>All of them are girls.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiānsheng,
- tàitai ne? Tāmen yǒu jǐge háizi?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡先生，太太呢？他們有幾個孩子？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How about Mr. and Mrs. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú</foreignphrase>? How many
- children do they have?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu liǎngge
- háizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們有兩個孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>They have two children.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì nánháizi, shi
- nǚháizi? </foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是男孩子，是女孩子？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are they boys or girls?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dōu shi
- nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都是女孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Both of them are girls.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen háizi dōu zài
- zhèli ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們孩子都在這裏嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are all your children here?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù, liǎngge zài
- zhèli, yíge hái zài Měiguó.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不，兩個在這裏，一個還在美國。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>No. Two are here, and one is still in America.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jiāli yǒu shénme
- rén?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>What people are (there) in your family?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu wǒ tàitai gēn
- sānge háizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有我太太跟三個孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>There’s my wife and three children.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jiāli yǒu shénme
- rén?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>What people are (there) in your family?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiù (yǒu) wǒ fùqin,
- mǔqin.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >就（有）我父親，母親。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Just my father and mother.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Vocabulary</title>
- <para/>
- <informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.5*"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">只</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>only</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dìdi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">弟弟</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>younger brother</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >gēge</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">哥哥</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>older brother</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jiějie</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">姐姐</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>older sister</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >mèimei</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">妹妹</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>younger sister</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xiōngdì</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">兄弟</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>brothers</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jiěmèi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">姐妹</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>sisters</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiōngdì
- jiěmèi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >兄弟姐妹</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>brothers and sisters</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >fùmǔ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">父母</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>parents</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zǔfù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">祖父</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>paternal grandfather</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zǔmǔ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">祖母</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>paternal grandmother</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >wàizǔfù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >外祖父</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>maternal grandfather</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >wàizǔmǔ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >外祖母</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>maternal grandmother</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >bàba</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">爸爸</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>papa, dad, father</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >māma</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">媽媽</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>momma, mom, mother</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dōu</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">都</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>all, both</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >fùqin</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">父親</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>father</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >gēn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">跟</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>and, with, and (in addition to)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">還</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>still, yet</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >háizi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">孩子</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>children, child</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǐ-</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">幾－</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>how many</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jiāli</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">家裏</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>family</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǐge</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">幾個</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>how many</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jiù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">就</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>only, just</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >liǎng-</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">兩</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>two</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">沒</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>not, not to have</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méiyou</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">沒有</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>not to have, there is not</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-men</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">們</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>plural suffix</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >mǔqin</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">母親</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>mother</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nán-</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">男－</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>male</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nánháizi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >男孩子</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>boy</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nǐmen</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你們</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>you (plural)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nǚ-</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">女－</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>female</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nǚháizi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >女孩子</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>girl</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >tāmen</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他們</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>they, them</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >wǒmen</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">我們</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>we, us</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yǒu</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">有</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to have, there is</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">只</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>only</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yíng
- le</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">贏了</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I(’ve) won</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Reference Notes</title>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №1</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen yǒu háizi
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們有孩子嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Do you have children?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, wǒmen
- yǒu.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，我們有。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Yes, we have.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>The plural pronouns are formed by adding -men to the singular
- pronouns</para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry namest="c1" nameend="c2"><emphasis role="bold"
- >singular</emphasis></entry>
- <entry namest="c3" nameend="c4"><emphasis role="bold"
- >plural</emphasis></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >wǒ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">I</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >wǒmen</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">we</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我们</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">you</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nǐmen</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">you</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你们</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">he/she</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >tāmen</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">they</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她们</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>(You have already seen these pronoun forms used as possessives: “my,”
- “our,” etc. Later you will find that they are also used as objects: “me,”
- “us,” etc.)</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Háizi</foreignphrase>: Chinese
- nouns have the same form for singular and plural.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Háizi</foreignphrase> may be
- either “child” or “children.”<footnote>
- <para>A few nouns referring to people may be made explicitly plural by
- adding -<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >men</foreignphrase>. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Háizimen</foreignphrase> can only be “children”</para>
- </footnote>Usually the context will make clear whether a noun should be
- translated as singular or as plural, but not always. Chinese does not
- require that the matter be pinned down to the same extent that English
- does.</para>
- <para>
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen yǒu háizi</foreignphrase> is
- a perfectly good sentence, even though the only accurate translation is the
- clumsy “We have one or more children.” We would prefer to have enough
- information to translate it either as “We have a child” or as “We have
- children.”</para>
- <para>At times this ambiguity is an advantage. When you ask <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen yǒu háizi ma?</foreignphrase> you do
- not, after all, know whether you are referring to one child or to more than
- one child. To cover both bets in the same way in English, we have to say “Do
- you have any children?”</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №2</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú xiānsheng
- yǒu Měiguó péngyou ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >劉先生有美國朋友嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Does Mr <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Liú</foreignphrase> have any American friends?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā meíyǒu
- Měiguó péngyou.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他沒有美國朋友。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He doesn’t have any American friends.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu Yīngguó
- péngyou.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他有英國朋友。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He has English friends. (or an English friend)</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méi you</foreignphrase>: All the
- verbs discussed so far form the negative with <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bù</foreignphrase>, with the single exception
- of <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu</foreignphrase>, “to have,”
- which has the irregular negative form <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méiyou</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №3–4</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen yǒu jǐge
- háizi?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們有幾個孩子？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How many children do you have?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen yǒu sānge
- háizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們有三個孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>We have three children.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen yǒu jǐge
- nánháizi, jǐge nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們有幾個男孩子，幾個女孩子？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How many boys and how many girls do you have?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen yǒu
- liǎngge nánháizi, yíge nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們有兩個男孩子，一個女孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>In Peking speech,<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">
- jǐ-</foreignphrase>, “how many,” is usually used only when the number
- expected in an answer is about 10 or less. In many other parts of China,
- speakers use <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jǐ-</foreignphrase>
- no matter how large a number is expected in the answer.</para>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Counters</emphasis>: In Chinese, a noun cannot be
- counted or specified (i.e., used with <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">něi-</foreignphrase> “which,” <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nèi-</foreignphrase>, “that,” <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhèi-</foreignphrase>, “this”) without the
- addition of a bound word, a counter, to indicate the sort of thing being
- specified or counted. English has a few such counters, as “head” in “how
- many head of cattle” and “loaves” in “seven loaves of bread.”</para>
- <para>The counter used in a particular instance depends on the noun being
- specified or counted. Many nouns have special counters. You have already
- learned the polite counter for persons, <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-wèi</foreignphrase>. Other special counters
- refer in some way to the kind of thing the noun represents. The word for
- “hotel,” for instance, has a special counter <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-jiā</foreignphrase>, “house,” used for
- counting or specifying business establishments.</para>
- <para>The general counter <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-ge</foreignphrase> is used with nouns that do not have special
- counters. For example, there is no special counter for the word
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">pùbù</foreignphrase>,
- “waterfall,” so you would say <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yíge
- pùbù</foreignphrase>, “one waterfall.” You have already found the
- general counter <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-ge</foreignphrase> in specifying expressions such as <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">něige háizi</foreignphrase>, “which child,”
- and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhèige
- fàndiàn</foreignphrase>, “this hotel.”</para>
- <para>You may find that, in colloquial speech, nouns that have special counters
- are sometimes used with <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-ge</foreignphrase> anyway, but this tendency is looked down upon by
- many speakers.</para>
- <para>Here are the numbers 1 through 10 with the counter <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-ge</foreignphrase>:</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yíge liǎngge sānge sìge wǔge
- liùge qíge báge jiǔge shíge</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>The number 2 has a special form before a counter: l<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">iǎng-</foreignphrase>. Notice that the words
- for 1, 2, and 8 have Rising tones before <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-ge</foreignphrase>, because <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-ge</foreignphrase> is basically a
- Falling-tone syllable. (See also Unit 5, notes on No. 9 and No. 10.)</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nán- nǚ-</foreignphrase>: The
- “bound words <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nán-</foreignphrase>
- “male,” and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǚ-</foreignphrase>,
- “female,” are often used in compounds; for example, <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nánpéngyou</foreignphrase>, “boyfriend,” and
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǚtóngzhì</foreignphrase>
- “(woman) Comrade.”</para>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">And</emphasis>: In Chinese, a word for “and” is not
- needed between parallel phrases like <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liǎngge nánháizi, yíge
- nǚháizi</foreignphrase> “two boys, (and) one girl.” A pause is usual
- between the two phrases, but even the pause is sometimes omitted.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №5–7</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì nánháizi,
- shi nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是男孩子，是女孩子？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are they boys or girls?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen dōu shi
- nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們都是女孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>All of them are girls.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiānsheng,
- tàitai ne? tāmen yǒu jǐge háizi?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡先生，太太呢？他們有幾個孩子？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>How about Mr. and Mrs. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú</foreignphrase>? How many
- children do they have?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu
- liǎngge háizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們有兩個孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>They have two children.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì nánháizi,
- shi nǚháizi? </foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是男孩子，是女孩子？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are they boys or girls?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dōu shi
- nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都是女孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Both of them are girls.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen háizi dōu
- zài zhèli ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們孩子都在這裏嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Are all your children here?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù, liǎngge zài
- zhèli, yíge hái zài Měiguó.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不，兩個在這裏，一個還在美國。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>No. Two are here, and one is still in America.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"><emphasis role="bold">Shi
- nánháizi, shi nǚháizi?</emphasis></foreignphrase> In Chinese, an
- “or” question (i.e., a question asking which of two alternatives is true)
- may be asked simply by stating the two alternatives with a pause between. In
- this kind of question, the verb must appear in each alternative. (You will
- learn other ways of making “or” questions in later modules.)</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dōu</foreignphrase> may usually
- be translated in a sentence as “all (of),” or, if it refers to only two
- things, as “both (of).” Literally, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dōu</foreignphrase> means “in all cases,” “uniformly,” “entirely,”
- “completely.” Since it is an adverb), it must be placed after the subject of
- a sentence and before the verb (like the adverb <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yě</foreignphrase>, “also”.)</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №8–9</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="2.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="15.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jiāli yǒu
- shénme rén?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>What people are (there) in your family?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu wǒ tàitai
- gēn sānge háizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有我太太跟三個孩子。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>There’s my wife and three children.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jiāli yǒu
- shénme rén?</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>What people are (there) in your family?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiù yǒu wǒ
- fùqin, mǔqin.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >就有我父親，母親。</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Just my father and mother.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>Literally, the phrase <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǐ
- jiāli</foreignphrase> means “in your home” (<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiā</foreignphrase>, “home”; <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-li</foreignphrase>, “in”）. In this sentence
- it is extended to mean “the people in your home, “that is, “your
- family.”</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jiāli - yǒu - shénme
- rén?</foreignphrase> Phrase by phrase, this question is: “In your family
- - there are - what people?,’ The word “family” can be taken to mean either
- all your relatives or only those living in your household.</para>
- <para>By itself, the verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yǒu</foreignphrase> means “to “be,” “to exist.” You have now seen it
- translated two ways: </para>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>as “have,” with a personal subject: <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen yǒu sānge
- háizi</foreignphrase>. “We have three children.”</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>as “there is/are,” in the so-called impersonal construction:
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jiāli yǒu shénme
- rén?</foreignphrase> “What people are (there) in your
- family?”</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- <para>In exchange 8, the verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yǒu</foreignphrase> in the answer is translated as “there’s.” Some
- English speakers may find this translation too colloquial. The answer can
- also be translated Just by listing the family members, with no verb in the
- English, as was done in exchange 9. Chinese almost always keeps the verb in
- the answer to a question, while English tends to leave it out.</para>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">How to say “and”:</emphasis> Chinese has several
- words for “and.” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Gēn</foreignphrase> is the word for “and” when joining nouns or noun
- phrases. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yě</foreignphrase> is the
- word for “and” when Joining verbs, verb phrases, or whole sentences:</para>
- <example>
- <title>Example:</title>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ bú xìng Lǐ, yě bú xìng
- Lǔ. Wǒ xìng Lǚ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I’m not surnamed <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> and I’m not surnamed <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǔ</foreignphrase>. I’m surnamed
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǚ</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </example>
- <para>Chinese tends to use a word for “and” when the noun phrases being Joined
- are not parallel and not to use one when the phrases are parallel:<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="3.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="3.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry namest="c1" nameend="c5" align="center"><emphasis
- role="bold">Not parallel</emphasis></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Yǒu</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wǒ
- tàitai</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Possessor noun</para>
- </entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >gēn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">sānge
- háizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>number noun</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>There’s my wife and 3 children.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry namest="c1" nameend="c5" align="center"><emphasis
- role="bold">Parallel</emphasis></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Yǒu</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liǎngge
- nánháizi</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>number noun</para>
- </entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >,</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yíge
- nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>number noun</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>There are 2 boys and one girl.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>While “and” is often omitted in Chinese, it may be added for emphasis
- between nouns and between noun phrases just as in English.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiù</foreignphrase>, “only,”
- “just,” is an adverb (like <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yě</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dōu</foreignphrase>. The use of <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiù</foreignphrase> to mean “only” is
- probably mostly confined to the Peking dialect.<footnote>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiù</foreignphrase> has
- several other meanings, which will be presented to you as you
- continue through this course.</para>
- </footnote> Speakers from other parts of the country will not necessarily
- use <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiù</foreignphrase> to mean
- “only” or understand it as such. A more widely used and understood word for
- “only” is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhǐ</foreignphrase>.
- Thus the answer in exchange 9 could also be: <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhǐ yǒu wǒ fùqin,
- mǔqin.</foreignphrase></para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on additional vocabulary</title>
- <para>Chinese is much more precise than English in its terms for family members.
- There is not just one word for “brother,” or “sister” but words for “older
- brother,” “younger brother,” “older sister,” and “younger sister.”
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><emphasis role="bold">older</emphasis></entry>
- <entry><emphasis role="bold">younger</emphasis></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">brother</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >gēge</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dìdi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>brothers</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xiōngdì</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哥哥</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >弟弟</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >兄弟</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">sister</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jiějie</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >mèimei</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>sisters</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jiěmèi</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >姐姐</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >妹妹</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >姐妹</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>When referring to both older and younger sisters, the term <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiěmèi</foreignphrase> is used. When
- referring to both older and younger brothers, the term <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiōngdì</foreignphrase> is used. When
- referring to sisters and brothers, the phrase <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiōngdì jiěmèi</foreignphrase> is
- used.</para>
- <para>Chinese also distinguishes between grandparents on the father’s side of
- the family and grandparents on the mother’s side:<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><emphasis role="bold">father’s
- side</emphasis></entry>
- <entry><emphasis role="bold">mother’s
- side</emphasis></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">grandfather</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zǔfù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >wàizǔfù</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >祖父</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >外祖父</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry morerows="1" valign="middle">grandmother</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zǔmǔ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >wàizǔmǔ</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >祖母</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >外祖母</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>The syllable <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >wài-</foreignphrase> in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >wàizǔfù</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >wàizǔmǔ</foreignphrase> literally means “outer” or “outside.”</para>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Drills</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Response Drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give affirmative answers, using <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yǒu</foreignphrase>.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有美國朋友嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu Měiguó
- pényou ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have any American friends?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，他/她有美國朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, tā yǒu
- Měiguó péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has some American friends.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有中國朋友嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu Zhōngguo
- péngyou ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have any Chinese friends?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，他/她有中國朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, tā yǒu
- Zhōngguo péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has some Chinese friends.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有德國朋友嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu Déguó
- péngyou ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have any German friends?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，他/她有德國朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, tā yǒu
- Déguó péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has some German friends.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有日本朋友嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu Rìběn
- péngyou ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have any Japanese friends?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，他/她有日本朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, tā yǒu
- Rìběn péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has some Japanese friends.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有加拿大朋友嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu Jiānádà
- péngyou ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have any Canadian friends?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，他/她有加拿大朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, tā yǒu
- Jiānádà pényou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has some Canadian friends.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有俄國朋友嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu Èguó
- péngyou ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have any Russian friends?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，他/她有俄國朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, tā yǒu Èguó
- péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has some Russian friends.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有英國朋友嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu Yīngguó
- péngyou ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have any English friends?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，他/她有英國朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, tā yǒu
- Yīngguó péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has some English friends.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give affirmatives answers using <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yǒu</foreignphrase>.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有哥哥嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu gēge
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have an older brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，他/她有哥哥。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, tā yǒu
- gēge.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has an older brother.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有姐姐嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu jiějie
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have an older sister?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，他/她有姐姐。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, tā yǒu
- jiějie.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has an older sister.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有弟弟嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu dìdi
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have a younger brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，他/她有弟弟。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, tā yǒu
- dìdi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has a younger brother.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有妹妹嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu mèimei
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have a younger sister?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，他/她有妹妹。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, tā yǒu
- mèimei.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has a younger sister.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她們有孩子嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu háizi
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have children?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，他/她們有孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, tāmen yǒu
- háizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has children.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她們有男孩子嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu
- nánháizi ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have boys?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，他/她們有男孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, tāmen yǒu
- nánháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has boys.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她們有女孩子嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu
- nǚháizi ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have girls?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，他/她們有女孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, tāmen yǒu
- nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has girls.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give negative answers using <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méiyou</foreignphrase>.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張先生有姐姐嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng xiānsheng
- yǒu jiějie ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> have an older sister?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒有，張先生沒有姐姐。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méiyou, Zhāng
- xiānsheng méiyou jiějie.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> doesn’t have an older
- sister.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生有路女子嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- yǒu nǚháizi ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> have a daughter?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒有，王先生沒有女孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méiyou, Wáng
- xiānsheng méiyou nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> doesn’t have a daughter.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >林先生有妹妹嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín xiānsheng
- yǒu mèimei ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> have a younger sister?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒有，林先生沒有妹妹。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méiyou, Lín
- xiānsheng méiyou mèimei.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> doesn’t have a younger
- sister.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬太太有哥哥嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mā tàitai yǒu
- gēge ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mā</foreignphrase> have an older brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒有，馬太太沒有哥哥。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méiyou, Mā
- tàitai méiyou gēge.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mā</foreignphrase> doesn’t have an older brother.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃小姐有弟弟嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng xiǎojiě
- yǒu dìdi ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> have a younger brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒有，黃小姐沒有弟弟。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méiyou, Huáng
- xiǎojiě méiyou dìdi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> doesn’t have a younger
- brother.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬先生，馬太太有孩子嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ xiānsheng, Mǎ
- tàitai yǒu háizi ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Do Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase>, Mrs. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ</foreignphrase> have
- children?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒有，馬先生，馬太太沒有孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méiyou, Mǎ
- xiānsheng, Mǎ tàitai méiyou
- háizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase>, Mrs. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ</foreignphrase> don’t have
- children.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >楊太太有男孩子嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yáng tàitai yǒu
- nánháizi ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Yáng</foreignphrase> have boys?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒有，楊太太沒有男孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méiyou, Yáng
- tàitai méiyou nánháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Yáng</foreignphrase> doesn’t have boys.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give a negative or affirmative response to each question according to the
- cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你有弟弟嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ yǒu dìdi
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Do you have a younger brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yǒu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>yes</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，我有弟弟。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, wǒ yǒu
- dìdi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, I have a younger brother.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你有弟弟嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ yǒu dìdi
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Do you have an younger brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒有</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méiyou</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>no</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒有，我沒有弟弟。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méi you, wǒ
- méiyou dìdi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, I don’t have an younger brother.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有妹妹嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu mèimei
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have a younger sister?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒有</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méiyou</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>no</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">沒有，
- 他/她沒有妹妹。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méi you, tā
- méiyou mèimei.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she doesn’t have a younger sister.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王同志有哥哥嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tóngzhì yǒu
- gēge ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> have an older brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yǒu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>yes</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">有，
- 王同志有哥哥。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, Wáng
- tóngzhì yǒu gēge.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> has an older brother.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們有孩子嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu háizi
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Do you have children?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yǒu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>yes</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有他們有孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, tāmen yǒu
- háizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, we have children.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >郭同志有英國朋友嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Guō tóngzhì yǒu
- Yīngguó péngyou ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Guō</foreignphrase> have an English friend?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒有</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méiyou</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>no</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">沒有，郭同志沒有英國朋友。
- </foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méi you, Guō
- tóngzhì méiyou Yīngguó péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Guō</foreignphrase> doesn’t have an English
- friend.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳先生有法國朋友嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén xiānsheng
- yǒu Fàguó péngyou ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> have a French friend?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yǒu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>yes</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有，陳先生有法國朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu, Chén
- xiānsheng yǒu Fàguó péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> has a French friend.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Change each <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ma</foreignphrase>
- question to a <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jǐ</foreignphrase>
- question.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們有孩子嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu háizi
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Do they have any children?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們有幾個孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu jǐge
- háizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many children do they have?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生有姐姐嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- yǒu jiějie ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> have an older sister?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生有幾個姐姐？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- yǒu jǐge jiějie?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many older sisters does have Mr <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們有男孩子嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu
- nánháizi ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Do they have any boys?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們有幾個男孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu jǐge
- nánháizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many boys do they have?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們有女孩子嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen yǒu
- nǚháizi ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Do you have daughters?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們有幾個女孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen yǒu jǐge
- nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many daughters do you have?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >方小姐有哥哥嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fāng xiǎojiě yǒu
- gēge ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Fāng</foreignphrase> have an older brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >方小姐有幾個哥哥？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fāng xiǎojiě yǒu
- jǐge gēge?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many older brothers does Miss <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fāng</foreignphrase>
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙太太有弟弟嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào tàitai yǒu
- dìdi ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào</foreignphrase> have a younger brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙太太有幾個弟弟？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào tàitai yǒu
- jǐge dìdi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many younger brothers does Mrs. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào</foreignphrase>
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有中國朋友嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu Zhōngguo
- péngyou ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she have a Chinese friend?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有幾個中國朋友？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu jǐge
- Zhōngguo péngyou?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many Chinese friends does he/she have?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Respond to the questions according to the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張同志有幾個孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tóngzhì
- yǒu jǐge háizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many children does Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng</foreignphrase>
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 2 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張同志有兩個孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tóngzhì
- yǒu liǎngge háizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> has 2 children.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙同志有幾個女孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào tóngzhì yǒu
- jǐge nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many daughters does Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào</foreignphrase>
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 1 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙同志有一個女孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào tóngzhì yǒu
- yíge nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào</foreignphrase> has 1 daughter.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳同志有幾個男孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén tóngzhì yǒu
- jǐge nánháizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many boys does Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén</foreignphrase>
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 3 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳同志有三個男孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén tóngzhì yǒu
- sānge nánháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> has 3 boys.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >江同志有幾個美國朋友？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng tóngzhì
- yǒu jǐge Měiguó péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many American friends does Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng</foreignphrase>
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 5 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >江同志有五個美國朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng tōngzhì
- yǒu wǔge Měiguó péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāng</foreignphrase> has 5 American friends.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >方同志有幾個妹妹？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fāng tóngzhì yǒu
- jǐge mèimei?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many younger sisters does Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fāng</foreignphrase>
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 1 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >方同志有一個妹妹。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fāng tóngzhì yǒu
- yíge mèimei.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Fāng</foreignphrase> has 1 younger sister.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生有幾個中國朋友？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- yǒu jǐge Zhōngguo péngyou?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many Chinese friends does Mr. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng</foreignphrase>
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 2 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生有兩個中國朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- yǒu liǎngge Zhōngguo péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> has 2 Chinese friends.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有幾個哥哥？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu jǐge
- gēge?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many older brothers does he/she have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 3 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有三個哥哥。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu sānge
- gēge.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has 3 older brothers.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Expansion drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Add the cues to the questions.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有幾個男孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu jǐge
- nánháizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many sons does he/she have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >女孩子</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nǚháizi</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>daughter</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他有幾個男孩子，幾個女孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu jǐge
- nánháizi, jǐge nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many sons and how many daughters does he/she
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃先生有幾個美國朋友？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng xiānsheng
- yǒu jǐge Měiguó péngyou?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many American friends does Mr. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng</foreignphrase>
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >法國朋友</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fàguó
- péngyou</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>French friend</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃先生有幾個美國朋友，幾個法國朋友?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng xiānsheng
- yǒu jǐge Měiguó péngyou, jǐge Fàguó
- péngyou?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many American friends and how many French friends does
- Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> have?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李太太有幾個哥哥？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tàitai yǒu
- jǐge gēge?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many older brothers does Mrs. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ</foreignphrase>
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >弟弟</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dìdi</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>younger brother</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李太太有幾個哥哥，幾個弟弟？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tàitai yǒu
- jige gēge, jǐge dìdi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many older brothers and how many younger brothers does
- Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> have?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >孫小姐有幾個姐姐？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sūn xiǎojiě yǒu
- jǐge jiějie?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many older sisters does Miss <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sūn</foreignphrase>
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >妹妹</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >mèimei</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>younger sister</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >孫小姐有幾個姐姐，幾個妹妹？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sūn xiǎojiě yǒu
- jǐge jiějie, jǐge mèimei?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many older sisters and how many younger sisters does
- Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sūn</foreignphrase> have?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們有幾個英國朋友？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu jǐge
- Yīngguó péngyou?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many English friends do they have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >德國朋友</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Déguó
- péngyou</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>German friend</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們有幾個英國朋友，幾個德國朋友？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu jǐge
- Yīngguó péngyou, jǐge Déguó
- péngyou?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many English and German friends do they have?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >宋先生有幾個男孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sòng xiānsheng
- yǒu jǐge nánháizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many sons does Mr. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sòng</foreignphrase>
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >女孩子</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nǚháizi</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>daughter</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >宋先生有幾個男孩子，幾個女孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sòng xiānsheng
- yǒu jǐge nānháizi, jǐge nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many sons and how many daughters does Mr.
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sòng</foreignphrase> have?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有幾個哥哥？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu jǐge
- gēge?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many older brothers does he/she have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >姐姐</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jiějie</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>older sister</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有幾個哥哥，幾個姐姐？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu jǐge
- gēge, jǐge jiějie?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many older brothers sand how many older sisters does
- he/she have?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Use 1) jiù + the number and 2) méiyou to answer each question.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有幾個男孩子，幾個女孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu jǐge
- nánháizi, jǐge nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many sons and how many daughters does he/she
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 2 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她就有兩個男孩子，沒有女孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiù yǒu
- liǎngge nánháizi, méiyou nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has only two sons, no daughters.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李先生有幾個哥哥，幾個姐姐？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiānsheng yǒu
- jǐge gēge, jǐge jiějie?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many older brothers and how many older sisters does
- Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 1 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她就有一個哥哥，沒有姐姐。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiù yǒu yíge
- gēge, méiyou jiějie.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has only one older brother and no older
- sister.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張小姐有幾個姐姐，幾個妹妹？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng xiǎojiě
- yǒu jǐge jiějie, jǐge mèimei?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many older sisters and how many younger sisters does
- Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 2 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她就有兩個姐姐，沒有妹妹。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiù yǒu
- liǎngge jiějie, méiyou mèimei.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has only two older sisters nad no younger
- sister.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >周太太有幾個哥哥，幾個弟弟？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōu tàitai yǒu
- jǐge gēge, jǐge dìdi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many older brothers and how many younger brothers does
- Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhōu</foreignphrase> have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 1 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她就有一個哥哥，沒有弟弟。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiù yǒu yíge
- gēge, méiyou dìdi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has only one older brother, no younger
- brother.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡先生有幾個弟弟，幾個妹妹？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiānsheng yǒu
- jǐge dìdi, jǐge mèimei?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many younger brothers and how many younger sisters
- does Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 2 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他就有兩個弟弟，沒有妹妹。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiù yǒu
- liǎngge dìdi, méiyou mèimei.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He has only two younger brothers and no younger
- sister.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有幾個法國朋友，幾個德國朋友？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu jǐge
- Fàguó péngyou, jǐge Déguó
- péngyou?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many French friends and how many German friends does
- he/she have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 2 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她就有兩個法國朋友，沒有德國朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiù yǒu
- liǎngge Fàguó péngyou, méiyou Déguó
- péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has only two French friends and no German
- friend.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們有幾個男孩子，幾個女孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu jǐge
- nánháizi, jǐge nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many sons and how many daughters do they have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 1 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們就有一個男孩子，沒有女孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen jiù yǒu
- yíge nánháizi, méiyou nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>They have only one son and no daughter.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Respond according to the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有幾個男孩子，幾個女孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu jǐge
- nánháizi, jǐge nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many sons and how many daughters does he/she
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 2, 3 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她有兩個男孩子，
- 三個女孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu liǎngge
- nánháizi, sānge nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has 2 sons and 3 daughters.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">周同志有幾個哥哥，
- 幾個弟弟？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōu tóngzhì yǒu
- jǐge gēge, jǐge dìdi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many older brothers and how many younger brothers does
- Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhōu</foreignphrase> have ?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 1, 2 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >周同志有一個哥哥，兩個弟弟。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōu tóngzhì yǒu
- yíge gēge, liǎngge dìdi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhōu</foreignphrase> has one older brother and two
- younger brothers.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張同志有幾個姐姐，幾個妹妹？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tóngzhi
- yǒu jǐge jiějie, jǐge mèimei?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many older sisters and how many younger sisters does
- Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> have.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 3, 1 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張同志有三個姐姐，一個妹妹。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tóngzhì
- yǒu sānge jiějie, yíge mèimei.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> has 3 older sisters and one
- younger sister.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們有幾個中國朋友，幾個日本朋友？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu jǐge
- Zhōngguo péngyou, jǐge Rìběn
- péngyou?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many Chinese friends and how many Japanese friends do
- they have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 5, 1 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們有五個中國朋友，一個日本朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu wǔge
- Zhōngguo péngyou, yíge Rìběn
- péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>They have 5 Chinese friends and one Japanese
- friend.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">陳同志有幾個英國朋友，
- 幾個德國朋友？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén tóngzhì yǒu
- jǐge Yīngguó péngyou, jǐge Déguó
- péngyou?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many English friends and how many German friends does
- Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 3, 2 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳同志有三個英國朋友，兩個德國朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén tóngzhì yǒu
- sānge Yīngguó péngyou, liǎngge Déguó
- péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> has 3 English friends and 3 German
- friends.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">劉同志有幾個男孩子，
- 幾個女孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú tóngzhì yǒu
- jǐge nánháizi, jǐge nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many sons and how many daughters does Comrade
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Liú</foreignphrase> have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 2, 2 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >劉同志有兩個男孩子，兩個女孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú tóngzhì yǒu
- liǎngge nánháizi, liǎngge
- nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Liú</foreignphrase> has 2 sons and 2 daughters.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有幾個姐姐，幾個哥哥？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu jǐge
- jiějie, jǐge gēge?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many older sisters and how many older brothers does
- he/she have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"> 1, 3 </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她有一個姐姐，
- 三個哥哥。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu yíge
- jiějie, sānge gēge.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has one older sister and 3 older brothers.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>The speaker will ask you 2 questions for each exchange. Use the number
- cue to answer the first question. Answer the second question with
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dōu</foreignphrase> and the
- first alternative.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">請問，
- 他們有幾個孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tāmen
- yǒu jǐge háizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, how many children do you have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center">
- <para>2</para>
- <para>2</para>
- <para>2</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們有兩個孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu
- liǎngge háizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>They have 2 children.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是男孩子，是女孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shi nánháizi,
- shi nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are they boys or girls?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center">
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dōu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>all</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都是男孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dōu shi
- nānháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Both of them are boys.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他/她有幾個兄弟？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tā yǒu
- jǐge xiōngdì?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, how many brothers does he/she have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center">
- <para>3</para>
- <para>3</para>
- <para>3</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有三個兄弟。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu sānge
- xiōngdì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has 3 brothers.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是哥哥，是弟弟？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shi gēge, shi
- dìdi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are they older or younger brothers?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center">
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dōu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>all</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都是哥哥。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dōu shi
- gēge.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>All of them are older brothers.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他/她有幾個姐妹？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tā yǒu
- jǐge jiěmèi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, how many sisters does he/she have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center">
- <para>2</para>
- <para>2</para>
- <para>2</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有兩個姐妹。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu liǎngge
- jiěmèi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has 2 sisters.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是姐姐，是妹妹？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shi jiějie, shi
- mèimei?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are they older or younger sisters?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center">
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dōu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>all</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都是姐姐。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dōu shi
- jiějie.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Both of them are older sisters.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他/她有幾個中國朋友？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tā yǒu
- jǐge Zhōngguo péngyou?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, how many Chinese friends does he/she
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center">
- <para>4</para>
- <para>4</para>
- <para>4</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有四個中國朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu sìge
- Zhōngguò péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has 4 Chinese friends.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是男朋友，是女朋友？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì nánpéngyou,
- shi nǚpéngyou?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are they male or female friends?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center">
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dōu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>all</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都是男朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dōu shi
- nánpéngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>All of them are male friends.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他/她有幾個美國朋友？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tā yǒu
- jǐge Měiguó péngyou?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, how many American friends does he/she
- have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center">
- <para>2</para>
- <para>2</para>
- <para>2</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有兩個美國朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu liǎngge
- Měiguó péngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has 2 American friends.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>10.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是男朋友，是女朋友？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì nánpéngyou,
- shi nǚpéngyou?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are they male or female friends?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center">
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dōu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>all</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都是男朋友。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dōu shi
- nánpéngyou.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Both of them are male friends.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>11.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他/她有幾個孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tā yǒu
- jǐge háizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, how many children does he/she have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center">
- <para>3</para>
- <para>3</para>
- <para>3</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有三個孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu sānge
- háizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has 3 children.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>12.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是男孩子，是女孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì nánháizi,
- shi nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are they boys or girls?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center">
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dōu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>all</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都是男孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dōu shi
- nánháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>All of them are boys.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>13.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他們有幾個孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tāmen
- yǒu jǐge háizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, how many children do they have?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center">
- <para>5</para>
- <para>5</para>
- <para>5</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們有五個孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen yǒu wǔge
- háizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>They have 5 children.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>14.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是男孩子，是女孩子？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì nánháizi,
- shi nǚháizi?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are they boys or girls?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center">
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dōu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>all</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >都是男孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dōu shi
- nánháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>All of them are boys.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Substitution drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Substitute the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你們家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐmen
- jiāli yǒu shénme rén?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what people are (there) in your family?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >tāmen</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>they</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他們家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tāmen
- jiāli yǒu shénme rén?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what people are (there) in their family?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他們家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tāmen
- jiāli yǒu shénme rén?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what people are (there) in their family?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >方先生</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fāng
- xiānsheng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Fāng</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，方先生有什麼人？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, Fāng
- xiānsheng jiāli yǒu shénme rén?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what people are (there) in Mr. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fāng</foreignphrase>
- family?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，方先生家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwen, Fāng
- xiānsheng jiāli yǒu shénme rén?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what people are (there) in Mr. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fāng</foreignphrase>
- family?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張小姐</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng
- xiǎojiě</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，張小姐家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, Zhāng
- xiǎojiě jiāli yǒu shénme rén?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what people are (there) in Miss <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng</foreignphrase>
- family?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，張小姐家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwen, Zhāng
- xiǎojiě jiāli yǒu shénme rén?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what people are (there) in Miss <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng</foreignphrase>
- family?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李明理</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ
- Mínglǐ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ
- Mínglǐ</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，李明理家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, Lǐ
- Mínglǐ jiāli yǒu shénme rén?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what people are (there) in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ Mínglǐ</foreignphrase>
- family?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，李明理家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, Lǐ
- Mínglǐ jiāli yǒu shénme rén?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what people are (there) in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ Mínglǐ</foreignphrase>
- family?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你哥哥</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǐ
- gēge</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>your older brother</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你哥哥家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ gēge
- jiāli yǒu shénme rén?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what people are (there) in your older brother’s
- family?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你哥哥家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ gēge
- jiāli yǒu shénme rén?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what people are (there) in your older brother’s
- family?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǐ
- péngyou</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>your friend</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你朋友家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn nǐ
- péngyou jiāli yǒu shénme rén?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what people are (there) in your friend’s
- family?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你朋友家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- péngyou jiāli yǒu shénme rén?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what people are (there) in your friend’s
- family?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你爸爸</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">nǐ
- bàba</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>your father</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你爸爸家裏有什麼人？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qíngwèn, nǐ bàba
- jiāli yǒu shénme rén?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what people are (there) in your father’s
- family?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Expansion drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Add the cue and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >gēn</foreignphrase> to each sentence.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有一個孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu yíge
- háizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has one child.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >太太</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >tàitai</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>wife</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有他/她太太跟一個孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu tā tàitai
- gēn yíge háizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>There are his wife and one child.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡先生有一個妹妹。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiānsheng yǒu
- yíge mèimei.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> has one younger sister.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >母親</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >mǔqin</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>mother</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有他母親跟一個妹妹。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu tā mǔqin gēn
- yíge mèimei.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>There are his mother and one younger sister.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李小姐有兩個弟弟。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiǎojiě yǒu
- liǎngge dìdi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> has 2 younger brothers.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >姐姐</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jiějie</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>older sister</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有她姐姐跟兩個弟弟。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu tā jiějie
- gēn liǎngge dìdi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>There are her older sister and two younger
- brothers.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >劉先生有一個女孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú xiānsheng
- yǒu yíge nǚhaizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Liú</foreignphrase> has one daughter.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >母親</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >mǔqin</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>mother</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有他母親跟一個女孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu tā mǔqin gēn
- yíge nǚháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>There are his mother and one daughter.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >林太太有三個男孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín tàitai yǒu
- sānge nánháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> has 2 boys.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >先生</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xiānsheng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>husband</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有她先生跟三個男孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu tā xiānsheng
- gēn sānge nánháizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>There are her husband and 3 boys.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她有一個姐姐。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǒu yíge
- jiějie.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He has one older sister.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >父親</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >fùqin</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>father</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有他/她父親跟一個姐姐。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu tā fùqin gēn
- yíge jiějie.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>There are his/her older sister and his/her father.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生有四個孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wāng xiānsheng
- yǒu sìge háizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wāng</foreignphrase> has 4 children.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >太太</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >tàitai</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>wife</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >有他太太跟四個孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yǒu tā tàitai
- gēn sìge háizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>There are his wife and 4 children.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Answer to the question according to the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="0.4*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們孩子都在這裏嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen háizi dōu
- zài zhèli ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are all of their children here?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >美國</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Měiguó</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>America</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不，一個在這裏，一個還在美國。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù, yíge zài
- zhèli, yíge hái zài Měiguó.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, one is here, and one is still in America.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她哥哥，姐姐都在這裏嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā gēge, jiějie
- dōu zài zhèli ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are his/her older brother and older sister both
- here?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >加州</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāzhōu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>California</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不，一個在這裏，一個還在加州。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù, yíge zài
- zhèli, yíge hái zài Jiāzhōu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, one is here, and one is still in California.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她美國朋友都在這裏嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā Měiguó
- péngyou dōu zài zhèli ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are his/her American friends all here?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺中</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táizhōng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Tʽai-chung</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">不，一個在這裏
- ，一個還在臺中。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù, yíge zài
- zhèli, yíge hái zài Táizhōng.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, one is here, and one is still in Tʽai-chung.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她弟弟，妹妹都在中國嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dìdi, mèimei
- dōu zài Zhōngguo ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are his/her younger brother and younger sister both
- here?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >德州</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dézhōu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Texas</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不，一個在中國，一個還在德州。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù, yíge zài
- Zhōngguo, yíge hái zài Dézhōu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, one is is in China, one is still in Texas.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生的孩子都在德州嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng ziānsheng
- de háizi dōu zài Dézhōu ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase>’s children all here?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >加州</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāzhōu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>California</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不，一個在德州，一個還在加州。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù, yíge zài
- Dézhōu, yíge hái zài Jiāzhōu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, one is in Texas, and one is still in
- California.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那兩位先生都在上海嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèi liǎngwèi
- xiānsheng dōu zài Shànghǎi ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are they both in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shànghǎi</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >青島</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Qīngdǎo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Qīngdǎo</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不，一個在上海，一個還在青島。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù, yíge zài
- Shànghǎi, yíge hái zài Qīngdǎo.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, one is in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shànghǎi</foreignphrase>, one is in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Qīngdǎo</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們孩子都在香港嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen háizi dōu
- zài Xiāngǎng ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are their children all in Hong-Kong?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >美國</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Měiguó</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>America</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不，一個在香港，一個還在美國。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù, yíge zài
- Xiāngǎng, yíge hái zài Měiguó.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, one is in Hong Kong, one is still in America.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 4</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Introduction</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Topics covered in this unit</title>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>Arrival and departure times.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase></para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shì … de</foreignphrase>
- construction.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Material you will need</title>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>The C-l and P-1 tapes, the Reference List and Reference Notes.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The C-2 and P-2 tapes, the Workbook.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The 4D-1 tape.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>References</title>
- <section>
- <title>Reference List</title>
- <para>in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase></para>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ àiren lái
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你愛人來嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Is your wife coming?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā
- lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她來。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She is coming.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ àiren lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你愛人來了嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Has your wife come?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lái le, tā lái
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >來了，她來了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yes, she has come.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ àiren yě lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你愛人也來了嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Has your wife come too?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她還沒來。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She hasn’t come yet.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shénme shíhou
- lái?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她什麼時候來？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>When is she coming?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā míngtiān
- lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她明天來。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She is coming tomorrow.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou shénme
- shíhou dào?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友什麼時候到？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>When is your friend arriving?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǐjīng dào
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他已經到了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He has already arrived.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi shénme
- shíhou dàode?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她是什麼時候到的？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>When did she arrive?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zuótiān
- dàode.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她是昨天到的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She arrived yesterday.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi yíge rén
- láide ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你是一個人來的嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did you come alone?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, wǒ bú shi
- yíge rén láide.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，我不是一個人來的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>No, I didn’t come alone.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shénme shíhou
- zǒu?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你什麼時候走？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>When are you leaving?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ jīntiān
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我今天走。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m leaving today.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ něitiān
- zǒu?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你哪天走？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What day are you leaving?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ jīntiān
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我今天走。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m leaving today.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Vocabulary</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.5*"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dào</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">到</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to arrive</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >érzi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">兒子</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>son</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >érzi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">二字</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>son</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hòutiān
- (hòutian)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">後天</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>the day after tomorrow</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jīntiān
- (jīntian)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">今天</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>today</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">來</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to come</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">了</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>combined le: new-situation and completion marker</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">míngtiān
- (mīngtian)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">明天</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>tomorrow</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >něitiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">哪天</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>what day</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nǚér</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">女兒</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>daughter</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qiántiān
- (qiántian)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">前天</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>the day before Yesterday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shénme
- shíhou</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >什麼時候</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>when</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shì
- de</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">是的</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>emphatic agreement</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-tiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">天</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>day</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >tiāntiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">天天</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>every day</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yíge
- rén</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >一個人</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>singly, alone</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǐjīng
- (yǐjing)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">已經</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>already</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zǒu</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">走</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to leave</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">昨天</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yesterday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jiéhūn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">結婚</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to get married, to be married</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi
- jiéhūn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒結婚</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>not to be married</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >kěshi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">可是</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>but</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xiǎng</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">想</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to think, to think that</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Reference Notes</title>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №1</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ àiren lái
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你愛人來嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Is your wife coming?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā
- lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她來。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She is coming.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>These sentences refer to future time, but <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lái</foreignphrase> is not a future-tense
- form. Strictly speaking, Chinese verbs do not have tenses. The same form of
- the verb can be used in present, past, and future contexts.</para>
- <para>We translated the sentence <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā
- zài Táinán gōngzuò.</foreignphrase> as “He works in Tainan” assuming a
- present context. But in a past context we could translate It as “He
- <emphasis role="bold">worked</emphasis> in Tainan; and in a future
- context we could translate it as “He <emphasis role="bold">will
- work</emphasis> in Tainan.” The verb form <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">gōngzuò</foreignphrase> does not tell you
- what time is being talked about. You have to look elsewhere for that
- information, perhaps to a time expression like “last year” or “now” or
- “tomorrow,” or to the conversational setting.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №2</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ àiren lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你愛人來了嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Has your wife come?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lái le, tā lái
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >來了，她來了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yes, she has come.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Aspect</emphasis>: <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Le</foreignphrase> is an aspect marker.
- Through the use of and other one-syllable markers (<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">de, zhe, ne, guo</foreignphrase>), the
- Chinese language indicates whether the occurrence being talked about is
- completed, ongoing, about to occur, or experienced for the first time.
- Aspect markers may also be used to indicate whether the whole situation in
- the sentence is a new, changed situation.</para>
- <para>“<emphasis role="bold">Completion</emphasis>” and “<emphasis role="bold"
- >new situation</emphasis>” are not <emphasis role="bold"
- >tenses</emphasis> but <emphasis role="bold">aspects</emphasis>. Aspect
- is a way of talking about events or activities in relation to time. While
- tenses categorize action in terms of features such as completeness and
- change. Aspect markers are very different from tense markers because the
- same aspect may be used in past, present, and future contexts. We may speak
- of an action that will be completed as of a future time, for example, or of
- a situation that was new as of a past time. English communicates these ideas
- to a certain extent through the use of many different tenses for the verb
- (future perfect, simple past, etc,). Chinese does this through the use of
- aspect markers and time words. The verbs themselves do not change
- form.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Le</foreignphrase> is used in
- exchange 2 to indicate two aspects—completion and new situation, (it is,
- however, often used to indicate only one aspect.)</para>
- <para>Here, it indicates that the person has come, meaning that the action is
- completed, and that the person is now here, a changed situation. When the
- marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> refers
- to both these aspects, we call it “combined <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase>.” Combined <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> can be thought of as a
- telescoping of the completion le followed by a new-situation <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase>: <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le le</foreignphrase> becomes <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase>. In the next two units,
- you will see the marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase> used to indicate each of these aspects
- separately.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №3</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ àiren yě lái
- le ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你愛人也來了嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Has your wife come too?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她還沒來。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She hasn’t come yet.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>Negative of combined <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>: Compare these affirmative and negative
- forms:<informaltable frame="all">
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.5*" align="left"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c6" colnum="6" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><emphasis role="bold">affirmative</emphasis></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>is coming.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><emphasis role="bold">negative</emphasis></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >bù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>isn’t coming.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable><informaltable frame="all">
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.5*" align="left"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c6" colnum="6" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><emphasis role="bold">affirmative</emphasis></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>has come (now).</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><emphasis role="bold">negative</emphasis></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méi(you)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>hasn’t come (yet).</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>Notice that the marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase> does not appear in the negative answer in the
- exchange.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hái</foreignphrase>: The
- negative of a sentence containing combined <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> will include the adverb
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hái</foreignphrase>, “yet,” as
- well as the negative <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méi(you)</foreignphrase>. In English, the “yet” is frequently left
- out.</para>
- <para>Like other adverbs such as <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yě</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hái</foreignphrase> always precedes the verb, although not always
- directly. Elements such as the negatives <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bù</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi</foreignphrase> may come between an
- adverb and a verb.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méiyou</foreignphrase>, “not
- have” is used to negate the aspect of completion; that is, to say that a
- certain event did not take place. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Méiyou</foreignphrase> may be shortened to <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi</foreignphrase>. Here are three possible
- negative answers to the question. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā lái le ma?</foreignphrase> “Has he come?”<informaltable frame="all">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méiyou</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He hasn’t come yet.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He hasn’t come yet.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méiyou.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>Not yet.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №4–5</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shénme
- shíhou lái?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她什麼時候來？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>When is she coming?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā míngtiān
- lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她明天來。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She is coming tomorrow.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou
- shénme shíhou dào?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友什麼時候到？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>When is your friend arriving?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǐjīng dào
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他已經到了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He has already arrived.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>Position of time words: Time phrases occupy the same position in a
- sentence as adverbs such as <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yě</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hái</foreignphrase> between the subject and the verb.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №6–7</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi shénme
- shíhou dàode?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她是什麼時候到的？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>When did she arrive?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zuótiān
- dàode.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她是昨天到的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She arrived Yesterday.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi yíge rén
- láide ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你是一個人來的嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did you come alone?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, wǒ bú
- shi yíge rén láide.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，我不是一個人來的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>No, I didn’t come alone.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">(shi)...de</foreignphrase>: <footnote>
- <para>On occasion, a speaker may omit the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shì</foreignphrase> (which is why it
- is written in parentheses in these notes).</para>
- </footnote> This is another way to indicate the aspect of completion. The
- aspect marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase>
- and the pattern <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >(shi...de)</foreignphrase> perform different functions and convey
- different meanings. This is how they are different:</para>
- <para>The aspect marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase> or its negative <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi (you)</foreignphrase> is used when the
- center of interest is whether or not an action took place. For example, if
- you do not know whether Mr. Sun came or not, you would ask:<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā léile
- méiyou?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did he come?</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>and you would be answered either<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā
- láile.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He came.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>or<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He didn’t come.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>In this question and answer, you use <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> or its negative
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi(you)</foreignphrase>
- because the focus is on whether the action took place or not.</para>
- <para>The purpose of the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >(shi)...de</foreignphrase> construction, on the other hand, is to focus
- on additional information about a completed action; that is, the
- construction is used when the center of interest is NOT whether or not a
- certain action took place. </para>
- <para>For example, once it has been established that Mr. Sun did in fact come,
- the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">(shi)...de</foreignphrase>
- construction will probably be used for any additional questions and answers
- about his coming. For example:<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- shénme shíhou láide?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>When did he come?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- zuótiān láide.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He came yesterday.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíge
- rén láide ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did he come alone?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíge
- rén láide.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He came alone.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>These questions and answers use the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">(shi)...de</foreignphrase> construction
- because you already know that Mr. Sun came and now you are asking for
- additional information about his visit. Many types of additional information
- can be focus points for which the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >(shi)...de</foreignphrase> construction is used. </para>
- <para>In <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi shénme shíhou
- láide?</foreignphrase> the additional information is the time when
- something happens. </para>
- <para>In <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíge rén láide
- ma?</foreignphrase> the information asked for is the manner in which
- something takes place. </para>
- <para>Other possible focus points are place, cause of action, goal of action,
- and performer of action.</para>
- <para>Now let’s take a look at how <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shì</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >de</foreignphrase> function separately in this construction. The verb
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shì</foreignphrase>, coming
- before the phrase which is the center of interest, serves as a signal that
- what follows is emphasized. The verb “to “be” is often used in a similar way
- in English to mark the center of interest:<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- zuótiān láide ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Was it yesterday that he came?</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>Another way of showing the center of interest in English is by word
- stress. Here is a comparison between focusing in Chinese with <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">(shi)...de</foreignphrase> and focusing in
- English with stress:<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Has he come?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lái
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yes, he has.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- zuótiān láide ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did he come YESTERDAY?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, tā shi
- zuótiān láide.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yes, YESTERDAY.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>The marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">de</foreignphrase>
- coming after the verb indicates completion. When the marker <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">de</foreignphrase> is not used in the
- sentence, that sentence no longer describes a completed event. The marker
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shì</foreignphrase> by itself
- emphasizes something about the action.</para>
- <para> Compare these sentences:<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- jīntiān lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She is coming (later) today.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- jīntiān láide.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She came (earlier) today.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>For the time being, you will not use <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shì</foreignphrase> without <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">de</foreignphrase>.</para>
- <para>The negative form of the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >(shi)...de</foreignphrase> construction is <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bú shi...de</foreignphrase>. Compare this
- with the negatives you have already learned:<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="8">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c6" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c7" colnum="7" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c8" colnum="8" colwidth="7.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-de</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>It was YESTERDAY that he came.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >bú</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-de</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>It wasn’t YESTERDAY that he came.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable><informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="8">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c6" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c7" colnum="7" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c8" colnum="8" colwidth="7.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He has come.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He hasn’t come.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable><informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="8">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="2*"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c6" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c7" colnum="7" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c8" colnum="8" colwidth="7.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >míngtiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He is coming tomorrow.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >míngtiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >bù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He isn’t coming tomorrow.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>Notice that in a <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >(shi)...de</foreignphrase> construction the negative <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bú</foreignphrase> precedes the verb
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shì</foreignphrase> rather
- than the main verb. Short answers are also formed with <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shì</foreignphrase> rather than with the main verb:<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi yíge
- rén láide ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did you come alone?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, wǒ shi
- yíge rén láide.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yes, I came alone.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Búshì, wǒ
- bú shi yíge rén láide.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>No, I didn’t come alone.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>The <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">(shi)...de</foreignphrase>
- construction is not used in every completed-action sentence containing a
- time, place, or manner phrase. If the center of interest is still whether or
- not the action took place, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase> is used. If, for example, you knew that someone was
- expected to come yesterday and you wanted to find out only whether he
- actually did come, the conversation might go as follows:<informaltable
- frame="none">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zuótiān
- méi lái ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Didn’t he COME yesterday?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zuótiān
- lái le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He DID COME yesterday.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>Literally, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yíge
- rén</foreignphrase> means “one person.” When the expression is used to
- describe how someone does something, translate it as “alone”</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №8–9</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shénme
- shíhou zǒu?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你什麼時候走？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>When are you leaving?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ jīntiān
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我今天走。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m leaving today.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ něitiān
- zǒu?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你哪天走？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What day are you leaving?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ jīntiān
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我今天走。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m leaving today.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>The word for “day” is the bound word <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-tiān</foreignphrase>. To ask “what day”
- (literally “which day”), the bound word <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">něi-</foreignphrase> “which,” is combined
- with the bound word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-tiān</foreignphrase>, “day”: <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >něitiān</foreignphrase> (like <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >něiguó</foreignphrase>, “which country”).<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >něitiān?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>what day?/which day?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >qiántiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>day before yesterday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>yesterday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jīntiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>today</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >míngtiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>tomorrow</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hòutiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>day after tomorrow</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>Some speakers say the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-tiān</foreignphrase> in these words in the Neutral tone:
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qiántian</foreignphrase>,
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuótian</foreignphrase>,
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jīntian</foreignphrase>,
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">míngtian</foreignphrase>,
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hòutian</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Drills</title>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Transform the question according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你愛人來嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ àiren lái
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is your spouse coming?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你愛人來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ àiren lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has your spouse come?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你父母走嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ fùmǔ zǒu
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are your parents leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你父母走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ fùmǔ zǒu le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Have your parents left?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友走嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou zǒu
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is your friend leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyǒu zǒu
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has your friend left?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你哥哥走嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ gēge zǒu
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is your older brother leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你哥哥走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ gēge zǒu le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has your older brother left?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你姐姐來嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jiějie lái
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is your older sister coming?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你姐姐來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jiějie lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has your older sister come?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你妹妹來嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ mèimei lái
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is your younger sister coming?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你妹妹來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ mèimei lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has your younger sister come?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你弟弟走嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ dìdi zǒu
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is your younger brother leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你弟弟走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ dìdi zǒu le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has your younger brother left?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Transform the question according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她已經來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǐjīng lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she already come?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >毛同志到了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Máo tóngzhì dào
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Máo</foreignphrase> arrived?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >毛同志已經到了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Máo tóngzhì
- yǐjīng dào le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Máo</foreignphrase> already arrived?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李同志走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tóngzhì zǒu
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李同志已經走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tóngzhì
- yǐjīng zǒu le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> already left?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬同志走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ tóngzhì zǒu
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase> left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬同志已經走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ tóngzhì
- yǐjīng zǒu le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase> already left?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張同志來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tóngzhì
- lái le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張同志已經來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tóngzhì
- yǐjīng lái le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> already come?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃同志到了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng tóngzhì
- dào le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> arrived?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃同志已經到了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng tóngzhì
- yǐjīng dào le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> already arrived?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >孫同志走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sūn tōngzhì zǒu
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sūn</foreignphrase> left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >孫同志已經走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sún tóngzhì
- yǐjīng zǒu le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sūn</foreignphrase> already left?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Answer to the question according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she hasn’t come yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王同志走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tóngzhì zǒu
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他還沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> hasn’t left yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李同志到了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tóngzhì dào
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> arrive yet?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他還沒到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He hasn’t arrive yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >何同志來了嗎。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hé tóngzhì lái
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hé</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He hasn’t come yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙同志來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào tóngzhì lái
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He hasn’t come yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >劉同志走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú tóngzhì zǒu
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Liú</foreignphrase> left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他還沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā héi méi
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He hasn’t left yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >孫同志來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sūn tóngzhì lái
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sūn</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He hasn’t come yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Answer to the question according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zǒu le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she left? </para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >走了，他/她已經走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zǒu le, tā
- yǐjīng zǒu le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has already left.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人也已經走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren yě
- yǐjīng zǒu le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse has already left too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >來了，他/她</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lái le, tā
- yǐjīng lái le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has already come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人也已經來了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren yě
- yǐjīng lái le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse has already come too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她到了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dào le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she arrived?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >到了，他/她已經到了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dào le, tā
- yǐjīng dào le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she has already arrived.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人也已經到了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren yě
- yǐjīng dào le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse has already arrived too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李同志走了走嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tóngzhì zǒu
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >走了，他已經走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zǒu le, tā
- yǐjīng zǒu le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he has already left.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">8.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她哥哥呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā gēge
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his older brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她哥哥也已經走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā gēge yě
- yǐjīng zǒu le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His older brother has already left too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">9.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王同志來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tóngzhì lái
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >來了，他已經來了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lái le, tā
- yǐjing lái le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he has already come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">10.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他愛人呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他愛人也已經來了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren yě
- yǐjīng lái le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His spouse has already come too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">11.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙先生到了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào xiānsheng
- dào le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào</foreignphrase> arrived?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >到了，他已經到了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dào le, tā
- yǐjīng dào le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he has already arrived.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">12.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他弟弟呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dìdi
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his younger brother.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他弟弟也已經到了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dìdi yě
- yǐjing dào le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His younger brother has already arrived too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">13.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張同志走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tóngzhì
- zǒu le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >走了，他已經走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zǒu le, tā
- yǐjīng zǒu le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he has already left.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">14.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳同志呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén tóngzhì
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳同也已經走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén tóngzhì yě
- yǐjīng zǒu le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> has already left too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Answer to the question according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she hasn’t come yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人也還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren yě hái
- méi lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse hasn’t come yet either.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zǒu le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she hasn’t left yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人也還沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren yě hái
- méi zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse hasn’t left yet either.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她到了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dào le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she arrived?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she hasn’t arrived yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人也還沒到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren yě hái
- méi dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse hasn’t arrived yet either.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >方女士來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fāng nǚshì lǎi
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Fāng</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >方女士還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fāng nǚshì hái
- méi lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Fāng</foreignphrase> hasn’t come yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">8.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她弟弟呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dìdi
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And her younger brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她弟弟也還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dìdi yě hái
- méi lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Her younger brother hasn’t come yet either.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">9.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李先生到了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiānsheng dào
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> arrived?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李先生還沒到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiānsheng hái
- méi dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> hasn’t arrived yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">10.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他父母呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā fùmǔ
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his parents?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她父母也還沒到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā fùmǔ yě hái
- méi dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His parents haven’t come yet either.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">11.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳同志走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén tóngzhì zǒu
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳同志還沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén tóngzhì hái
- méi zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> hasn’t left yet?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">12.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >江同志呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng tóngzhì
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāng</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >江同志也還沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng tóngzhì yě
- hái méi zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāng</foreignphrase> hasn’t left yet either.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">13.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她母親到了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mǔqin dào le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has his/her mother arrived?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她母親還沒到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mǔqin hái méi
- dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her mother hasn’t arrived yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">14.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她姐姐呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiějie
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her older sister?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她姐姐也還沒到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiějie yě hái
- méi dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her older sister hasn’t arrived yet either.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give an affirmative response to the first question in each exchange, and
- include <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hái</foreignphrase> and
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi.</foreignphrase> in your
- response to the second question.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zǒu le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她已經走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǐjīng zǒu
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has already left.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人還沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren hái méi
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse hasn’t left yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她已經來了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǐjīng lái
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has already come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren hái méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse hasn’t come yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她到了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dào le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she arrived?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她已經到了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǐjīng dào
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has arrived.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人還沒到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren hái méi
- dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse hasn’t arrived yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- zǒu le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生已經走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- yǐjīng zǒu le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> has already left.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">8.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他母親呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mǔqin
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his mother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她母親還沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mǔqin hái méi
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His mother hasn’t left yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">9.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >錢同志來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qián tóngzhì lái
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Qián</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >錢同志已經來了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qián tóngzhì
- yǐjīng lái le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Qián</foreignphrase> has already come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">10.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >江同志呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng tóngzhì
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāng</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >江同志還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng tóngzhì
- hái méi lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāng</foreignphrase> hasn’t come yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">11.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >毛女士到了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Máo nǚshì dào le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Máo</foreignphrase> arrived?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >毛女士已經到了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Máo nǚshì yǐjīng
- dào le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Máo</foreignphrase> has already arrived.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">12.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她妹妹呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mèimei
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And her younger sister?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他妹妹還沒到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mèimei hái
- méi dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Her younger sister hasn’t arrived yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">13.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >曾夫人走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zēng fūren zǒu
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zēng</foreignphrase> left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >曾副人已經走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zēng fūren
- yǐjīng zǒu le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zēng</foreignphrase> has already left.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">14.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他母親呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mǔqin
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his mother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他母親還沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mǔqin hái méi
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His mother hasn’t left yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Respond to the question according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she hasn’t come yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And is/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人已經來了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren yǐjīng
- lái le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse has already come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zǒu le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she hasn’t left yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人已經走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren yǐjīng
- zǒu le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse has already left.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她到了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dào le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she arrived?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she hasn’t arrived yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人已經到了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren yǐjīng
- dào le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse has already arrived.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >曹同志來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Cáo tóngzhì lái
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Cáo</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >曹同志還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Cáo tóngzhì hái
- méi lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Cáo</foreignphrase> hasn’t come yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">8.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >孫同志呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sūn tóngzhì
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sūn</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >孫同志已經來了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sūn tóngzhì
- yǐjīng lái le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sūn</foreignphrase> has already come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">9.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張先生來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng xiānsheng
- lái le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張先生還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng xiānsheng
- hái méi lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> hasn’t come yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">10.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他弟弟呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dìdi
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his younger brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他弟弟已經來了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dìdi yǐjǐng
- lái le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His younger brother has already come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">11.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她母親到了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mǔqin dào le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has his/her mother arrived? </para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她母親還沒到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mǔqin hái méi
- dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her mother hasn’t arrived yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">12.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她妹妹呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mèimei
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her younger sister?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她妹妹已經到了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mèimei yǐjīng
- dào le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her younger sister has already arrived.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">13.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王女士走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng nǚshì zǒu
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> left.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王女士還沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng nǚshì hái
- méi zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> hasn’t left yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">14.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張女士呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng nǚshì
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張女士已經走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng nǚshì
- yǐjīng zǒu le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> has already left.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Respond to each question with a completed-action answer or a
- yet-to-be-completed answer, depending on the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zǒu le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >昨天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>yesterday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她已經走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǐjīng zǒu
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has already left.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >昨天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>yesterday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人也已經走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren yě
- yǐjīng zǒu le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse has already left too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lǎi le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >明天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >míngtiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>tomorrow</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she hasn’t come yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >明天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >míngtiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>tomorrow</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人也還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren yě hái
- méi lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse hasn’t come either.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她到了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dào le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she arrived?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >昨天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>yesterday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她已經到了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǐjīng dào
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she hasn’t already yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >明天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >míngtiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>tomorrow</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人還沒到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren hái méi
- dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse hasn’t arrived either.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zǒu le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >明天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >míngtiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>tomorrow</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she hasn’t left yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">8.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她哥哥呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā gēge
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his/her older brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >昨天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>yesterday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她哥哥已經走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā gēge yǐjīng
- zǒu le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her older brother hasn’t left either.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">9.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙同志到了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào tóngzhì dào
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào</foreignphrase> arrived?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >昨天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>yesterday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙同志已經到了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào tóngzhì
- yǐjīng dào le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào</foreignphrase> has already arrived.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">10.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王同志呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tóngzhì
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >昨天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>yesterday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王同志也已經到了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tóngzhì yě
- yǐjīng dào le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> has already arrived too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">11.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她父母走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā fùmǔ zǒu le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Have his/her parents left?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >明天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >míngtiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>tomorrow</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她父母還沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā fùmǔ hái méi
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her parents hasn’t left yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">12.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們孩子呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen háizi
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And their children?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >昨天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>yesterday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們孩子已經走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen háizi
- yǐjīng zǒu le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Their children have already left.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">13.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人來了呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has his/her spouse come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >昨天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>yesterday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人已經來了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren yǐjīng
- lái le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse has already come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">14.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們孩子呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen háizi
- ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>And his children?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >明天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >míngtiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>tomorrow</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們孩子還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen háizi hái
- méi lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His children haven’t come yet.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Respond according to the clue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她什麼時候來？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shénme shíhou
- lái?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When is he/she coming?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >明天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >míngtiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>tomorrow</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她明天來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā míngtiān
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming tomorrow.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李先生什麼時候走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiānsheng
- shénme shíhou zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >今天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jīntiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>today</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他今天走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jīntiān
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is leaving today.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡小姐設麼時候到？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiǎojiě
- shénme shíhou dào?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When is Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> arriving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >明天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >míngtiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>tomorrow</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她明天到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā míngtiān
- dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She is arriving tomorrow</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張個什麼時候來</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng xiānsheng
- shénme shíhou lái?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> coming?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >後天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hòutian</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>the day after tomorrow</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他後天來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hòutiān
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is coming the day after tomorrow.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王小姐什麼時候到？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiǎojiě
- shénme shíhou dào?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When is Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> arriving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >今天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jīntiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>today</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她今天到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jīntiān
- dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She is arriving today.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她什麼時候走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shénme shíhou
- zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When is he/she leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >後天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hòutiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>the day after tomorrow</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她後天走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hòutiān
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is leaving the day after tomorrow.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>For each item, ask “which day...”</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她來。
- .</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她哪天來？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā něitiān
- lái?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What day is he/she coming?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- xǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> is leaving.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生哪天走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- něitiān zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What day is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李太太到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tàitai
- dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> is arriving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李太太哪天道？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tàitai
- něitiān dào?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What day is Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> arriving?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡太太走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú tàitai
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> is leaving.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡太太哪天走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú tàitai
- něitiān zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What day is Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張先生到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng xiānsheng
- dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> is arriving.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張先生哪天到？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng xiānsheng
- něitiān dào?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What day is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> arriving?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃太太來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng táitai
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> is coming.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃太太哪天來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng tàitai
- něitiān lái?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What day is Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> coming?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is leaving.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她哪天走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā něitiān
- zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What day is he/she leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Transform the statement according to the model</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她什麼時候來？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shénme shíhou
- lái?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When is he/she coming?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是什麼時候來的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi shénme
- shíhou láide?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When did he/she come?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生什麼時候到？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiánsheng
- shénme shíhou dào?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> arriving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生是什麼時候到的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiánsheng
- shi shénme shíhou dàode?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When did Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> arrive?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李太太什麼時候走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tàitai shénme
- shíhou zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When is Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李太太是什麼時候走的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Li tàitai shi
- shénme shíhou zǒude?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When did Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> leave?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡先生什麼時候來？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiānsheng
- shénme shíhou lái?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> coming?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡先生是什麼時候來的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiānsheng shi
- shénme shíhou láide?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When did Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃太太什麼時候到？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng tàitai
- shénme shíhou dào?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para> When is Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huāng</foreignphrase> arriving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃太太是什麼時候到的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng tàitai shi
- shénme shíhou dàode?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When did Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huāng</foreignphrase> arrive?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >林太太什麼時候走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín tàitai
- shénme shíhou zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When is Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >林太太是什麼時候走的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín tàitai shi
- shénme shíhou zǒude?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When did Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> leave?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她什麼時候來？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shénme shíhou
- lái?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When is he/she coming?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是什麼時候來的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi shénme
- shíhou láide?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When did he/she come?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Respond with a <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shi...de.</foreignphrase> sentence when the cue makes it
- appropriate.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >明天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >míngtiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>tomorrow</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她明天來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā míngtiān
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming tomorrow.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has come.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >昨天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>yesterday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是昨天來的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zuótiān
- láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she came yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王太太走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tàitai
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> is leaving.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >今天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jīntiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>today</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王太太今天走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tàitai
- jīntiān zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> is leaving today.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃太太走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng tàitai zǒu
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> has left.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >前天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >qiántiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>the day before yesterday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃太太是前天走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng tàitai shi
- qiántiān zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> left the day before
- yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李先生來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiānsheng
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> is coming.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >後天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hòutiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>the day after tomorrow</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李先生後天來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiánsheng
- hòutiān lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> is coming the day after
- tomorrow.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >林先生來了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín xiānsheng
- lái le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> has come.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >昨天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>yesterday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >林先生是昨天來的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín xiānsheng
- shi zuótiān láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> came yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬小姐到了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ xiǎojiě dào
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase> has arrived.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >前天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >qiántiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>the day before yesterday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬小姐是前天到的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ xiǎojiě shi
- qiántiān dàode.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase> arrived the day before
- yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give affirmative responses to the questions.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是昨天來的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zuótiān
- láide ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she come yesterday?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的。他/她是昨天來的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde. Tā shi
- zuótiān láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she came yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生是今天到的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- shi jīntiān dàode ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> arrived today?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的。王先生是今天到的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde. Wáng
- xiānsheng shi jīntiān dàode.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> arrived today.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李同志是前天走的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tóngzhì shi
- qiántiān zǒude ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> leave the day before
- yesterday?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的。李同志是前天走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde. Lǐ
- tóngzhì shi qiántiān zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> left the day before
- yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >毛夫人明天來嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Máo fūren
- míngtiān lái ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Máo</foreignphrase> coming tomorrow?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的。毛夫人明天來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde. Máo fūren
- míngtiān lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Máo</foreignphrase> is coming tomorrow.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們孩子後天到嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen háizi
- hòutiān dào ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are their children arriving the day after tomorrow?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的。他們孩子後天到。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde. Tāmen
- háizi hòutian dào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, their children are arriving the day after
- tomorrow.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她父母今天走嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā fùmǔ jīntiān
- zǒu ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Are his/her parents leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的。他/她父母今天走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde. Tā fùmǔ
- jīntiān zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, his/her parents are leaving today.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張女士是昨天來的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng nǚshì shi
- zuótiān láide ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> come yesterday?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的。張女士是昨天來的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde. Zhāng
- nǚshì shi zuótiān láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> did come yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give negative responses to the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shi... de</foreignphrase> questions.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是昨天來的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zuótiān
- láide ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she come yesterday?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不。他/她不是昨天來的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù. Tā bú shi
- zuótiān láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she didn’t come yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >江先生是今天道德嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng xiānsheng
- shi jīntiān dàode ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāng</foreignphrase> arrive today?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不。江先生不是今天到的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù. Jiāng
- xiānsheng bú shi jīntiān dàode.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāng</foreignphrase> didn’t arrive today.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張同志是前天走的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tóngzhì
- shi qiántiān zǒude ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> leave the day before
- yesterday?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不。張同志不是前天走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù. Zháng
- tóngzhì bú shi qiántian zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> didn’t leave day before
- yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們是昨天來的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen shi
- zuótiān láide ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did they come yesterday?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不。他們不是昨天來的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù. Tāmen bú shi
- zuótiān láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, they didn’t come yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們孩子是前天到的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen háizi shi
- qiántiān dàode ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did their children arrive the day before yesterday?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不。他們孩子不是前天到的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù. Tāmen háizi
- bú shi qiántian dàode.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, their children didn’t arrive the day before
- yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">
- 何同志是今天走的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hé tóngzhì shi
- jīntiān zǒude ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hé</foreignphrase> leave today?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"> 不。何
- 不是今天走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù. Hé tóngzhì
- bú shi jīntiān zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hé</foreignphrase> didn’t leave today.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人是昨天來的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren shi
- zuótiān láide ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did his/her spouse come yesterday?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不。他/她愛人不是昨天來的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù. Tā àiren bú
- shi zuótiān láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, his/her spouse didn’t come yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>According to the cues, give an affirmative or a negative response to each
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shi...de </foreignphrase>
- question.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是昨天來的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zuótiān
- láide ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she come yesterday?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>affirmative</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的。他/她是昨天來的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde. Tā shi
- zuótiān láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she came yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是昨天來的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zuótiān
- láide ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she come yesterday?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>negative</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不。他/她不是昨天來的.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù. Tā bú shi
- zuótiān láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she didn’t come yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王同志是前天到的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tóngzhì shi
- qiántiān dàode ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> arrive the day before
- yesterday?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>negative</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不。王同志不是前天到的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù. Wáng tóngzhì
- bú shi qiántiān dàode.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> didn’t arrive the day before
- yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她哥哥是今天來的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā gēge shi
- jīntiān láide ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did his/her older brother come today?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>negative</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不。他/她哥哥不是今天來的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù. Tā gēge bú
- shi jīntiān láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, his/her older brother didn’t come today.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李先生是今天走的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiānsheng shi
- jīntiān zǒude ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> leave today?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>negative</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不。李先生不是今天走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù. Lǐ xiānsheng
- bú shi jīntiān zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> didn’t leave today.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙夫人是昨天到的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào fūren shi
- zuótiān dàode ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào</foreignphrase> arrive yesterday?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>affirmative</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的。趙夫人是昨天到的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde. Zhào
- fūren shi zuótiān dàode.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào</foreignphrase> did arrive yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們孩子是前天走的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen háizi shi
- qiántiān zǒude ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did their children leave the day before yesterday?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>negative</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不。他們孩子不是前天走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù. Tāmen háizi
- bú shi qiántiān zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, their children didn’t leave the day before
- yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">8.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >孫女士是昨天到的嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sūn nǚshì shi
- zuótiān dàode ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sūn</foreignphrase> arrive yesterday?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>negative</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不。孫女士不是昨天到的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bù. Sūn nǚshì bú
- shi zuótiān dàode.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, Ms. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sūn</foreignphrase> didn’t arrive yesterday</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 5</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Introduction</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Topics covered in this unit</title>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>Date and Place of birth.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Days of the week.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Ages.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase> for new situations.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Material you will need</title>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>The C-1 and P-1 tapes, the Reference List and Reference Notes.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The C-2 and P-2 tapes.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The 5D-1 tape.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>References</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Reference List</title>
- <para/>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Āndésēn fūren, nǐ
- shi zài nǎr shēngde?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >安德森夫人，你是在哪兒生的？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Mrs. Andersen, where were you born?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi zài Dézhōu
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是在得州生的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I was born in Texas.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen shi Xīngqīsì
- dàode ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們是星期四到的嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did you arrive on Thursday?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, wǒmen shi
- Xīngqīwǔ dàode.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，我們是星期五到的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>No, we arrived on Friday.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen xīngqījǐ
- zǒu?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們星期幾走？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What day of the week are you leaving?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqītiān
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期天走。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>We are leaving on Sunday.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi něinián
- shēngde?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你是哪年生的？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What year are you born?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi yī jiǔ sān
- jiǔ nián shēngde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是一九三九年生的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I was born in 1939.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi jǐyüè
- shēngde?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你是幾月生的？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What month were you born?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi Qíyüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是七月生的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I was born in July.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi jǐhào
- shēngde?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你是幾號生的？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What day of the month were you born?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi Sìhào
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是四號生的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I was born on the fourth.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ duó dà
- le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你多大了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How old are you?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ èr shi sì
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我二十四了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m 24.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ duó dà
- le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你多大了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How old are you?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ sān shi wǔ
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我三十五了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m 35.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen nǚháizi jǐsuì
- le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們女孩子幾歲了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How old is your girl?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā básuì
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她八歲了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She’s eight years old.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>10.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen nánháizi dōu
- jǐsuì le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們男孩子都幾歲了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How old are your boys?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yíge jiǔsuì le,
- yíge liùsuì le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >一個九歲了， 一個六歲了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>One is nine, and one is six.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Vocabulary</title>
- <para/>
- <informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.5*"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- dà</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">多大</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>how old</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hòunián
- (hòunian)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">後年</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>the year after next</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǐhào</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">幾號</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>what day of the month?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jīnnián
- (jīnnian)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">今年</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>this year</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǐsuì</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">幾歲</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>how old</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǐyüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">幾月</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>what month</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">míngnián
- (míngnian)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">明年</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>next year</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >něinián</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪年？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>which year</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">niánnián
- (niánnian)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">年年</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>every year</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qiánnián
- (qiánnian)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">前年</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>the year before last</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qǜnián
- (qǜnian)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">去年</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>last year</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shàngge
- yüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >上個月</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>last month</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shēng</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">生</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to be born</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-suì</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">歲</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>year (of age)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiàge
- yüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >下個月</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>next month</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīèr</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期二</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Tuesday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xīngqījǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期幾</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>what day of the week</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīliù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期六</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Saturday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīsān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期三</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Wednesday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīsì</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期四</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Thursday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xīngqītiān,
- Xīngqīrì</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期天，星期日</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Sunday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīwǔ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期五</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Friday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīyī</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期一</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Monday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zheìge
- yüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >這個月</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>this month</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Reference Notes</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №1</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Āndésēn fūren,
- nǐ shi zài nǎr shēngde?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >安德森夫人，你是在哪兒生的？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Mrs. Andersen, where were you born?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi zài
- Dézhōu shēngde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是在得州生的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I was born in Texas.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>The <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shi...de</foreignphrase>
- construction is used to focus on place expressions as well as on time and
- manner expressions.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c6" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wǒ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài
- Měiguó</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shēng</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-de.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I was born in America. WHERE</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wǒ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dào</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-de.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I arrived yesterday. WHEN</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wǒ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yíge
- rén</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-de.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I came alone. HOW</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №2–3</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen shi
- Xīngqīsì dàode ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們是星期四到的嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did you arrive on Thursday?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, wǒmen
- shi Xīngqīwǔ dàode.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，我們是星期五到的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>No, we arrived on Friday.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen xīngqījǐ
- zǒu?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們星期幾走？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What day of the week are you leaving?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen
- Xīngqītiān zǒu.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期天走。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>We are leaving on Sunday.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Days of the week:</emphasis></para>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0" tabstyle="striped">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqījǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What day of the week?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīyī</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Monday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīèr</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Tuesday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīsàn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Wednesday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīsì</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Thursday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xingqīwǔ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Friday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīliù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Saturday</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqītiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Sunday</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>Until now, you have always seen <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǐ</foreignphrase>, “how many,” at the beginning of a word
- (<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jǐge háizi, jǐwèi xiānsheng,
- jǐhào</foreignphrase>). In <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xīngqījǐ</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-jǐ</foreignphrase> is at the end of the word. In both places, occupies
- the position of a number and acts like a number: <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xīngqījǐ</foreignphrase>, “What number day of
- the week?”</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №4</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi něinián
- shēngde?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你是哪年生的？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What year are you born?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi yī jiǔ
- sān jiǔ nián shēngde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是一九三九年生的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I was born in 1939.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>The word for “year,” -<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nián</foreignphrase> is a bound word (like the word for “day,”
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-tiān</foreignphrase>). The
- question word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >něinián</foreignphrase>, “which year,” is formed with the bound word
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">něi</foreignphrase>
- “which.”</para>
- <para>The year is given as a sequence of digits, so that 1972, <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yījiǔqīèrnián</foreignphrase> would literally
- be “one-nine-seven-two year.” In a sequence of digits, the word
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">èr-</foreignphrase> (not
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liǎng-</foreignphrase> is used
- for 2, and the words for 1, 7, and 8 keep their basic high tones. (See notes
- on No. 10 for cases in which these tones change.)</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №5</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi jǐyüè
- shēngde?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你是幾月生的？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What month were you born?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi Qíyüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是七月生的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I was born in July.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Months:</emphasis></para>
- <informaltable frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0" tabstyle="striped">
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǐyüè?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What month?</entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yíyüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>January</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >qíyüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>July</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >èryüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>February</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >báyüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>August</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >sānyüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>March</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jiǔyüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>September</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >sìyüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>April</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shíyüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>October</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >wǔyüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>May</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shǐyīyüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>November</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >liùyüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>June</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shíèryüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>December</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>Since the names of the months are formed with numbers, <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jǐ-</foreignphrase> “how many,” is the
- appropriate question word to use for “what month.” <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jǐ-</foreignphrase> is used in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase> to ask for a number
- expected to be around 10 or 11. </para>
- <para>Notice the tones on the words for 1, 7 and 8, which most Peking speakers
- pronounce as Rising before Falling-tone words such as <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yüè</foreignphrase>. The syllable
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-yī-</foreignphrase> in the
- word for “November,” however, is usually pronounced with the High tone:
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shíyīyüè</foreignphrase> (See
- the notes on No, 10 for a summary of tone changes.)</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №6</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi jǐhào
- shēngde?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你是幾號生的？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What day of the month were you born?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi Sìhào
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是四號生的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I was born on the fourth.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>Days of the month are expressed by the number of the day followed by the
- bound word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-haò</foreignphrase>.
- You will remember that <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-hào</foreignphrase> is also used in giving addresses. </para>
- <para>In asking about days of the month, “how many,” is used, even though the
- question may be answered by a number as high as 31. The month and day of the
- month may be given together. For example:</para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi jǐyüè
- jǐhào shēngde?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What is your month and day of birth?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi bāyüè
- jiǔhào shēngde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I was born on August 9.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №7–8</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ duó dà
- le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你多大了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How old are you?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ èr shi sì
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我二十四了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m 24.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ duó dà
- le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你多大了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How old are you?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ sān shi wǔ
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我三十五了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m 35.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ duó dà le?</foreignphrase>
- “How old are you?” literally means “How big (in years of age) are you?” This
- is a common way to ask a person’s age. The question is appropriate for
- asking the age of a child or a young adult, but the expression is not
- considered polite enough for asking an older adult his age. (More formal
- ways to ask a person’s age will be introduced on the C-2, P-2, and drill
- tapes.)</para>
- <para> The marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase>
- which ends these sentences calls attention to the fact that something is
- true now that was not true before. <note>
- <para>Ages may also be asked and given without using the new-situation
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </note><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Le</foreignphrase> has only
- this new-situation meaning in these sentences. It has no meaning of
- completion, since in fact, there is no completed event. </para>
- <para>One way to reflect the new-situation <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> in the English translation
- is to add the word “now”: “I’m 35 now.” Essentially, however, “new
- situation” (sometimes called “change of state”) is a Chinese grammatical
- category with no simple English equivalent. </para>
- <para>The marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase>
- for new situations is always found at the end of a sentence and is sometimes
- called “sentence <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>.”</para>
- <para>Notice that neither answer contains a verb. The verb that has been left
- out is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu</foreignphrase> “to
- have.” The verb may not be left out in the negative: <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ méiyou sānshiwǔ.</foreignphrase> “I’m not
- 35.”</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №9</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen nǚháizi
- jǐsuì le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們女孩子幾歲了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How old is your girl?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā básuì
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她八歲了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She’s eight years old.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-suì</foreignphrase>: In the
- traditional Chinese system of giving ages, a person is one <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-sui</foreignphrase> old at birth and becomes
- another <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-suì</foreignphrase> old
- on the New Year’s following his birth. A baby born the day before New Year’s
- would thus be two <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-suì</foreignphrase> old on the day after his birth. Most Chinese,
- however, have now switched to the Western style of computing age and use
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-suì</foreignphrase> just as
- we use years old. </para>
- <para>The word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-suì</foreignphrase>
- like the word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-hào</foreignphrase>, is a bound word shoving what kind of thing a number
- is counting. </para>
- <para>In a date or address you are listing a number and use <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">èr</foreignphrase> for 2, while in giving an
- age you are counting an amount of something and use <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liǎng</foreignphrase>: <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liǎngsuì</foreignphrase>, “two years
- old.”</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №10</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>10.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen nánháizi
- dōu jǐsuì le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們男孩子都幾歲了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How old are your boys?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yíge jiǔsuì le,
- yíge liùsuì le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >一個九歲了， 一個六歲了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>One is nine, and one is six.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>The word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">dōu</foreignphrase> is
- used when “both” or “all” would probably not be used in English, namely,
- when expecting different information about each of the things (or persons)
- being discussed. “All” tends to be collective, asking or telling about
- something the members of a group have in common. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Dōu</foreignphrase> can be distributive,
- asking or telling something about the members of a group as
- individuals.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yí, qí, bá</foreignphrase>: In
- the spoken language of Peking, the basic High tones of <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yī</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qī</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bā</foreignphrase> usually change to Rising
- tones before Falling-tone words (such as <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-hào</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yüè</foreignphrase>, and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-suì</foreignphrase>). This change is most
- common when the complete number given has only one digit. When there are two
- or more digits, the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >qī</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >bā</foreignphrase> of numbers ending in 7 and 8 are more likely to have
- Rising tones than the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yī</foreignphrase> of numbers ending in 1 (which is usually in the High
- tone). </para>
- <para>Compare:<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shíqíhào</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>the 17th</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shíyīyüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>November</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>In all cases, the High tone is more likely to be kept in rapid speech. You
- may also encounter speakers who never make changes in the tones of
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yī</foreignphrase>,
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qī</foreignphrase> and
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bā</foreignphrase>.</para>
- <para>Remember that, in the digit-by-digit form of giving the year, the numbers
- 1, 7, and 8 keep their basic High tones: <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yījiǔbāliùnián</foreignphrase> 1986.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on additional required vocabulary</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c6" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>Days</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >qiántiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"><emphasis
- role="bold"
- >zuótiān</emphasis></foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jīntiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >mīngtiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hòutiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>Years</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >qiánnián</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"><emphasis
- role="bold"
- >qǜnián</emphasis></foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jīnnián</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >míngnián</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hòunián</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>In the Chinese system of expressing relative time in terms of days and
- years, only one pair of terms is not parallel: <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuótiān</foreignphrase> “yesterday,” and
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">qǜnián</foreignphrase> “last year.”<note>
- <para>added by Eric Streit with the explanations given by a Chinese
- native about the drills I and the use of <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">suìshu</foreignphrase>
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">歲數</foreignphrase> and
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Niánjì</foreignphrase>
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">年紀</foreignphrase></para>
- <para/>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >suìshu</foreignphrase>
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">歲數</foreignphrase> and
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Niánjì</foreignphrase>
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">年紀</foreignphrase>
- usually and mostly refer to OLDER people that you ask for.
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >suìshu</foreignphrase>
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">歲數</foreignphrase> is
- very spoken though. And less polite.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>For kids especially, you only need to do <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Hani">多大了？</foreignphrase>
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó dà
- le?</foreignphrase> or <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Hani">幾歲了？</foreignphrase>
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jǐsuì
- le?</foreignphrase></para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>with <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >幾歲了？</foreignphrase> neither <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">suìshu</foreignphrase>
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">歲數</foreignphrase> nor
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Niánjì</foreignphrase>
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">年紀</foreignphrase>
- .</para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </note></para>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Drills</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title> Response Drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>According to the cues, give an answer to each <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shi...de </foreignphrase> question.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他/她是在哪兒生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tā shi
- zài nǎr shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, where was he/she born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >德州</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Dézhōu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Texas</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在德州生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Dézhōu shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in Texas.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你愛人是在哪兒生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- àiren shi zài nǎr shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, where was your spouse born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >加州</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāzhōu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>California</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在加州生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Jiāzhōu shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in California.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他/她愛人是在哪兒生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tā
- àiren shi zài nǎr shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, where was his/her spouse born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >上海</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shànghǎi</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shànghǎi</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在上海生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Shànghǎi shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shànghǎi</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你孩子是在哪兒生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- háizi shi zài nǎr shēnde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, where was your child born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >四川</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sìchuān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sìchuān</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在四川生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Sìchuān shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sìchuān</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你們女孩子是在哪兒生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐmen
- nǚháizi shi zài nǎr shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, where was your daughter born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >北京</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她是在北京生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Běijīng shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She was born in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你們男孩子是在哪兒生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐmen
- nánháizi shi zài nǎr shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, where was your son born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住在馬薩諸塞州</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">mǎsàzhūsāi zhōu
- (Mázhōu)</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Massachusetts</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他是在我住在馬薩諸塞州生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- mǎsàzhūsāi zhōu (Mázhōu) shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He was born in Massachusetts.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，曾先生是在哪兒生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, Zēng
- xiānsheng shi zài nǎr shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, where was Mr. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zēng</foreignphrase>
- born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >紐約</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Niǔ
- Yüē</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>New York</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他是在紐約生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài Niǔ
- Yüē shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He was born in New York.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Substitution drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Transform the question according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你是什麼時候走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- shénme shíhou zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, when are you leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >něitiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>what day</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你哪天走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- něitiān zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what day are you leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你哪天走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwen, nǐ
- něitiān zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what day are you leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >幾月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǐyüe</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>what month</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你幾月走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- jǐyüe zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what month are you leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你幾月走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- jǐyüe zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what month are you leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >幾號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǐhào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>what day of the month</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你幾號走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- jǐhào zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what day of the month are you leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你幾號走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- jǐhào zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what day of the month are you leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪年</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >něinián</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>what year </para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你哪年走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- něinián zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what year are you leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你哪年走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- něinián zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, May I ask, what year are you leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >幾月幾號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jǐyüe
- jǐhào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>what month and what day of the month</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你幾月幾號走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- jǐyüe jǐhào zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what month, what day of the month are you
- leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你幾月幾號走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- jǐyüe jǐhào zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what month, what day of the month are you
- leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期幾</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xīngqījǐ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>what day of the week</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你星期幾走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- xīngqījǐ zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what day of the week are you leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Substitution drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Transform the statement according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期一走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen xīngqīyǐ
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>We are leaving on Monday.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期二</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīèr</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Tuesday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期二走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqīèr
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>We are leaving on Tuesday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期二走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqīèr
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>We are leaving on Tuesday.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期三</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīsān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Wednesday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期三走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqīsān
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>We are leaving on Wednesday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期三走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqīsān
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>We are leaving on Wednesday.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期四</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīsì</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Thursday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期四走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqīsì
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>We are leaving on Thursday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期四走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqīsì
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>We are leaving on Thursday.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期幾</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqījǐ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>what day of the week</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期幾走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqījǐ
- zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What day of the week are we leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期幾走？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqījǐ
- zǒu?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What day of the week are we leaving?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期五</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīwǔ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Friday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期五走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqīwǔ
- xǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>We are leaving on Friday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期五走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqīwǔ
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>We are leaving on Friday.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqītiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Sunday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期天走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqītiān
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>We are leaving on Sunday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期天走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqītiān
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>We are leaving on Sunday.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期六</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīliù</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Saturday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期六走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqīliù
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>We are leaving on Saturday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">8.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期六走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqīliù
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>We are leaving on Saturday.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >星期一</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xīngqīyī</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Monday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我們星期一走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒmen Xīngqīyī
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>We are leaving on Monday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>According to the cues, give a response to each question.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你孩子是哪天生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ háizi shi
- něinián shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What year was your child born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>1971</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一九七一年生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- yījiǔqīyīnián shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in 1971.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李先生是哪年生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiānsheng shi
- něinián shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What year was Mr. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ</foreignphrase>
- born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>1944</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他是一九四四年生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- yījiǔsìsìnián shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He was born in 1944.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你弟弟是哪年生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ dìdi shi
- něinián shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What year was your younger brother born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>1940</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他是一九四零年生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- yījiǔsìlíngnián shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in 1940.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那個孩子是哪年生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige háizi shi
- něinián shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What year was that child born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>1967</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一九六七年生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- yījiǔliùqīnián shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in 1967.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >這個男孩子是哪年生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhèige nánháizi
- shi něiniān shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What year was this boy born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>1968</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他是一九六八生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- yījiǔliùbānián shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He was born in 1968.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那個人是哪年生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige rén shi
- něinián shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What year was that person born? </para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>1927</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一九二七年生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- yījiǔèrqīnián shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in 1927.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是哪年生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi něinián
- shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What year was he/she born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>1933</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一九三三年生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- yījiǔsānsānnián shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in 1933.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>According to the cues, give a response to each question.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是幾月生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi jǐyüè
- shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What month was he/she born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >二月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Èryüe</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>February</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是二月生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta shi Èryüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in February.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人是幾月生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren shi
- jǐyüè shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What month was his/her spouse born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >五月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wǔyüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是五月生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi Wǔyüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in May.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張同志是幾月生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tóngzhì
- shi jǐyüè shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What month was Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng</foreignphrase>
- born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >四月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sìyüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>April</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是四月生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi Sìyüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He was born in April.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王同志是幾月生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wāng tóngzhì shi
- jǐyüè shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What month was Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wāng</foreignphrase>
- born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >十一月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shíyīyüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>November</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是十一月生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi Shíyīyüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in November.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你愛人是幾月生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ àiren shi
- jǐyüè shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What month was your spouse born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >八月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Bāyüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>August</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是八月生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi Bāyüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in August.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你哥哥是幾月生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ gēge shi
- jǐyüè shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What month was your older brother born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >十二月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shíèryüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>December</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他是十二月生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi Shíèryüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He was born in December.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她妹妹是幾月生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta mèimei shi
- jǐyüè shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What month was your younger sister born?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >六月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Liùyüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>June</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她是六月生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi Liùyüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She was born in June.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Expansion drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>According to the cues, give a response to each statement.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一月生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíyüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in January.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >一號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yíhào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>first</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一月一號生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíyüè
- yíhào shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in January first.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一月生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíyüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in January.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >十一號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shíyīhào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>11th</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一月十一號生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíyüè
- shíyīhào shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born on the 11th of January.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一月生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíyüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in January.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >二十六號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >èrshiliùhào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>26th</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一月二十六號生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíyüè
- èrshiliùhào shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born on the 26th of January.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一月上的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta shi yíyüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in January.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >七號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >qīhào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>7th</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一月七號生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíyüè
- qīhào shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born on the 7th of January.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一月生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíyüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in January.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >十四號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shísìhào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>14th</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一月十四號生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíyüè
- shísìhào shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born on the 14th of January.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一月生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíyüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in January.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >二十八號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >èrshibāhào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>28th</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一月二十八號生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíyüè
- èrshibāhào shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born on the 28th of January.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一月生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíyüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in January.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >十號</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shíhào</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>10th</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一月十號生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi yíyüè
- shíhào shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born on the 10th of January.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>According to the cues, give a response to each question.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你們女孩子幾歲了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐmen nǚhāizi
- jǐsuì le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is your daughter?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>5</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她五歲了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta wǔsuì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She is five.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們男孩子幾歲了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen nánháizi
- jǐsuì le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is their boy?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>11</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他十一歲了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shíyīsuì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is 11.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡太太女孩子幾歲了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú tàitai
- nǚháizi jǐsuì le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> daughter?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>13</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她十三歲了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shísānsuì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She is 13.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她妹妹幾歲了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta mèimei jǐsuì
- le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is his/her younger sister?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>7</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她七歲了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta qísuì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She is 7.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你男孩子幾歲了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ nánháizi
- jǐsuì le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is your boy?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>6</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他六歲了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta liùsuì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is 6.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你女孩子幾歲了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ nǚháizi jǐsuì
- le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is your daughter?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>4</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她四歲了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā sìsuì le
- .</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She is 4.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那個男孩子幾歲了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige nánháizi
- jǐsuì le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is that boy?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>8</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他八歲了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bāsuì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is 8.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>According to the cues, give a response to each question.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她多大了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā duó dà
- le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is he/she?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>35</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她三十五了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā sānshiwǔ
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is 35.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你哥哥多大了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ gēge duó dà
- le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is your older brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>44</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他四十四了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā sìshisì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is 44.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你弟弟多大了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ dìdi duó dà
- le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is your younger brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>30</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他三十了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā sānshi
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is 30.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她姐姐多大了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta jiějie duó dà
- le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is his/her older sister?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>47</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她四十七了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā sìshiqī
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She is 47.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你妹妹多大了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ mèimei duó dà
- le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is your younger sister?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>32</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她三十二了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā sānshièr
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She is 32.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人多大了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta àiren duó dà
- le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is his/her spouse?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>28</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她二十八了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā èrshibā
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is 28.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王同志多大了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tóngzhì duó
- dà le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>41</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他四十一了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta sìshiyī
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is 41.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>According to the cues, give a response to each question.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >您母親多大歲數了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín mǔqin duó dà
- suìshu le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is your mother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>65</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她六十五歲了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā liùshiwǔsuì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She is 65.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >您父親多大歲數了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín fùqin duódà
- suìshu le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is your father?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>67</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她六十七歲了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā liùshiqīsuì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is 67.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她姐姐多大歲數了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiějie duódà
- suìshu le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is his/her older sister?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>46</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她四十六歲了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā sìshiliùsuì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She is 46.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她哥哥多大歲數了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā gēge duó dà
- suìshu le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is his/her older brother?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>44</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他四十四歲了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā sìshisìsuì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is 44.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">張先生多大
- 歲數了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng xiānsheng
- duódà suìshu le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is is Mr. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>72</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他七十二歲了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā qīshièrsuì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is 72.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王太太多大歲數了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tàitai duó
- dà suìshu le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>59</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她五十九歲了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā wǔshijiǔsuì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She is 59.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王太太妹妹多大歲數了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tàitai
- mèimei duó dà suìshu le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How old is Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase>’s younger sister?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>58</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她五十八歲了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā wǔshibāsuì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She is 58.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Substitution drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Substitute <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">shàngge
- yüè</foreignphrase>, “last month” (May), <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >zhèige yüè</foreignphrase>, “this month” (June), or <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Hani">xiàge yüè</foreignphrase>, “next month” (July),
- according to the month mentioned in the speaker’s sentence.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是五月來的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi wǔyüè
- láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she came in May.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哦。他/她山個月來的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Où. Tā shi
- shàngge yüè láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Oh. He/she came last month.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她七月來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā qíyüè
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming in July.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哦。他/她下個月來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Où. Tā xiàge yüè
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Oh. He/she is coming next month.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她六月來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā liùyüè
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming in June.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哦。他/她這個月來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Où. Tā zhèige
- yüè lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Oh. He/she is coming this month.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是六月來的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi liùyüè
- láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is came in June.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哦。他/她這個月來的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Où. Tā shi
- zhèige yüè láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Oh. He/she came in June.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是五月到的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi wǔyüè
- dàode.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she arrived in May.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哦。他/她是上個月到的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Où. Tā shi
- shàngge yüè dàode.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Oh. He/she is arrived last month.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是六月走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi liùyüè
- zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she left on June.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哦。他/她是這個月走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Où. Tā shi
- zhèige yüè zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Oh. He/she left this month.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Each of the speaker’s statements is the answer to a question. After
- hearing each answer, ask the question which could have prompted the
- response.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">1.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一九三五年生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- yījiǔsānwǔnián shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in 1935.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是哪年生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi něinián
- shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What year was he/she born?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是四月來的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi sìyüè
- láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she came in April.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是幾月來的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi jǐyüè
- láide?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What month did he/she come?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是星期五走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xīngqīwǔ
- zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she left on Friday.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是星期幾走的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xīngqījǐ
- zǒude?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What day of the week did he/she leave?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是七號到的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi qīhào
- dàode.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she arrived on the seventh.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是幾號到的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi jǐhào
- dàode?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What day of the month did he/she arrive?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一九七四年來的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- yījiǔqīsìnián láide.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she came in 1974.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是哪年來的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi něinián
- láide?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What year did he/she come?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是星期天走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- xīngqītiān zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she left on Sunday.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是星期幾走的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xīngqījǐ
- zǒude?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What day did he/she leave.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是九月生的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi jiǔyüè
- shēngde.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was born in September.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是幾月生的？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi jǐyüè
- shēngde?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What month was he/she born?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 6</title>
- <section>
- <title>Introduction</title>
- <section>
- <title>Topics covered in this unit</title>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>Duration phrases</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase> for completion. </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The “double <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>” construction. </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-guo</foreignphrase>. </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Action verbs.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>State verbs.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Material you will need</title>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>The C-l and P-1 tapes, the Reference List and Reference Notes. </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The C-2 and P-2 tapes, the Workbook.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The 6D-1 tape.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>References</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Reference List</title>
- <para/>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long are you staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù
- yìnián.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住一年。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m staying one year.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ tàitai zhù duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你太太住多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long is your wife staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta zhù
- liǎngtiān.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她住兩天。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She is staying two days.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ tàitai zài
- Xiānggǎng zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你太太在香港住多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long is your wife staying in Hong Kong?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng tā zhù
- liǎngtiān.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我想她住兩天。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I think she is staying two days.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ xiǎng zhù duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你想住多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long are you thinking of staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng zhù
- yìnián.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我想住一年。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m thinking of staying one year.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ xiǎng zài Táiwān
- zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你想在臺灣住多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long are you thinking of staying in Taiwan?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng zhù báge
- yüè.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我想住八個月。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m thinking of staying eight months.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou xiǎng
- zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友想住多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long is your friend thinking of staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiǎng zhù
- liǎngge xīngqī.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他想住兩個星期。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He is thinking of staying two weeks.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ láile duó jiǔ
- le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你來了多久了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long have you been there?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ láile sāntiān
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我來了三天了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I have been here three days.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ tàitai zài
- Xiānggǎng zhùle duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你太太在香港住了多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long did your wife stay in Hong Kong?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle
- liǎngtiān.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她住了兩天。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She stayed two days.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他來了嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did he come?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lái le, tā lái
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >來了，他來了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yes, he came.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>10.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他來了嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did he come?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méi lái, tā méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒來，他沒來。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>No, he didn’t come.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>11.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ cóngqián láiguo
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你從前來過嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Have you ever been here before?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ cóngqián méi
- láiguo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我從前沒來過。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I have never been here before.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Vocabulary</title>
- <para/>
- <informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.5*"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >qù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">去</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to go</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Niǔ
- Yüē</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">紐約</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>New York</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >cóngqián</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">從前</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>in the past</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">多久</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>how long</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-guo</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">—過</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>experiential marker</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xiǎng</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">想</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to think that, to want to, would you like to</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xiānggǎng</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">香港</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Hong Kong</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xīngqī</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">星期</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>week</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhù
- </foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">住</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to live somewhere</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Reference Notes</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №1</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ zhù duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你住多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long are you staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù
- yìnián.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住一年。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m staying one year.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>Expressions like <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ</foreignphrase>, “how long,” and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yìnián</foreignphrase> “one year,” called
- duration phrases, come after the verb. <note>
- <para>“One day” is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yìtiān</foreignphrase>. The tone on <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yī</foreignphrase> changes to Falling
- before a High-tone.</para>
- </note>Notice the contrast with time-when phrases, like <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shénme shíhou,</foreignphrase> “when,” and
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jīnnián</foreignphrase> “this
- year,” which comes before the verb.</para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.2*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="0.5*"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shénme
- shíhou</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>When are you leaving?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long are you staying?</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>If a duration phrase is used with the verb <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zhù</foreignphrase>, this phrase preempts the
- position after the verb; and any place phrase, like <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài Běijīng</foreignphrase>, must come before
- the verb.</para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wǒ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài
- Běijīng.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m l living in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase>.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài
- Běijīng</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long are you staying in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase>?</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yìnián</foreignphrase>: In
- telling how many years (giving an amount) no counter is used. The tone on
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yī</foreignphrase>, “one,”
- changes to Falling before a Rising tone.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №2</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ tàitai zhù
- duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你太太住多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long is your wife staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta zhù
- liǎngtiān.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她住兩天。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She is staying two days.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liǎngtiān</foreignphrase>:
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-tiān</foreignphrase>, “day,”
- like <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-nián</foreignphrase>,
- “year,” is used without a counter. When telling how many of something, the
- number 2 takes the form <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >liǎng</foreignphrase>. (See Unit 3, notes on Nos. 3–4.)</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №3–4</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ tàitai zài
- Xiānggǎng zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你太太在香港住多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long is your wife staying in Hong Kong?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng tā zhù
- liǎngtiān.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我想她住兩天。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I think she is staying two days.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ xiǎng zhù
- duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你想住多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long are you thinking of staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng zhù
- yìnián.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我想住一年。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m thinking of staying one year.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>The verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎng</foreignphrase>,
- “to think that,” “to want to,” “would like to,” may be used as a main verb
- or as an auxiliary verb. As a main verb it means “to think that.” It is used
- this way in the answer of exchange 3 and in the following examples. <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng tā
- míngtián lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I think he is coming tomorrow. </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng tā
- bú qù.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I think he is not going. </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>When <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎng</foreignphrase> is
- used as a main verb meaning “to think that,” it is not made negative. This
- may be a special problem for English speakers who are used to saying “I
- don’t think he is going.” </para>
- <para>In Chinese, it is: “I think he is <emphasis role="bold">not
- going</emphasis>,” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng tā
- bú qù.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>When <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎng</foreignphrase> is
- used as an auxiliary verb, it means, “to want to,” “would like to.” It is
- used this way in exchange 4, which could also be translated as, “How long
- would you like to stay?” </para>
- <para>Here are other examples: <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ xiǎng
- zǒu ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Would you like to leave? OR Do you want to
- go?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ bù xiǎng
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I don’t want to leave. </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ xiǎng
- zài Táiběi gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>
- <para>Do you want to work in Taipei?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №5–6</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ xiǎng zài
- Táiwān zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你想在臺灣住多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long are you thinking of staying in Taiwan?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng zhù
- báge yüè.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我想住八個月。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m thinking of staying eight months.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ péngyou
- xiǎng zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你朋友想住多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long is your friend thinking of staying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiǎng zhù
- liǎngge xīngqī.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他想住兩個星期。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He is thinking of staying two weeks.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>You already know that <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yìnián</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yìtiān</foreignphrase> are used without counters. The words for “month”
- and “week,” however, are used with counters.</para>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Compare</emphasis>: <informaltable frame="none"
- colsep="0" rowsep="0" tabstyle="striped">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >sāntiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>3 days</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >sānnián</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>3 years</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">sānge
- xīngqī</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>3 weeks</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">sānge
- yüè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>3 months</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №7</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ láile duó
- jiǔ le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你來了多久了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long have you been there?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ láile
- sāntiān le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我來了三天了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I have been here three days.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le...le</foreignphrase>, “up
- until now,” “so far”: The use of completed-action <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> after the verb and of
- new-situation <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase>
- after the duration phrase tells you how long the activity has been going on
- and that it is still going on. The answer could also have been translated “I
- have been here three days so far.” This pattern is sometimes called “double
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase>.” </para>
- <para>Notice that when <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase> is in the middle of a sentence (in this case,
- because it is followed by a duration phrase), we write it attached to the
- verb before it: <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">láile duó jiǔ
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №8</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ tàitai zài
- Xiānggǎng zhùle duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你太太在香港住了多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long did your wife stay in Hong Kong?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle
- liǎngtiān.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她住了兩天。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>She stayed two days.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Completion <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>:</emphasis> Here you see the marker
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> used to
- indicate one aspect, completion. Compare a sentence with one le to a
- sentence with two <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>’s: <informaltable frame="none">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài nàr
- zhùle sāntiān.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I stayed there three days.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài nàr
- zhùle sāntiān le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I have been here (stayed here) for three days now (so
- far). </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>Completion <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> is
- used with verbs that describe actions or processes, not with verbs that
- describe a state or condition, or a continuing situation. The following
- sentences, describing states or ongoing situations, have past-tense verbs in
- English but no <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase>
- in Chinese. <informaltable frame="none">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nèige
- shíhou tāmen zhǐ yǒu liǎnge
- háizi.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>At that time they had only two children. </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā qǜnián
- bú zài Shànghǎi, zài
- Běijīng.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry> He wasn’t in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shànghǎi</foreignphrase>
- last year; he was in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase>.
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Verb types in Chinese:</emphasis> In studying some
- languages, it is important to learn whether a noun is masculine, feminine,
- or neuter. In Chinese, it is important to learn whether a verb is an action,
- state, or process verb. These three verb categories are meaning (semantic)
- groups. A verb is a member of one group or another depending on the meaning
- of the verb. For instance, “running” and “dancing” are actions; “being good”
- and “being beautiful” are states; and “getting sick” and “melting” are
- processes. In Chinese, grammatical rules are applied differently to each
- semantic verb category. For the most part, you have learned only action and
- state verbs in this course; so these comments will be confined to those two
- verb categories. (See Unit 8 of this module for process verbs,)</para>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Action verbs:</emphasis> These are verbs which
- describe physical and mental activities. The easiest to classify are verbs
- of movement such as “walking,” “running,” and “riding”, however, action
- verbs also include verbs with not too much motion, such as “working” and
- “writing,” and verbs with no apparent motion, such as “studying.” One test
- for determining if a verb is an action is asking “What did he do?” “He
- arrived,” “He spoke,” and “He listened” are answers which contain action
- verbs. “He knew” “He wanted” and “He is here” are answers which contain
- state verbs, not action verbs. Some of the action verbs you have learned
- are: <informaltable frame="none">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dào</foreignphrase> (to arrive)</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase> (to come)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >gōngzuò</foreignphrase> (to work)</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhù</foreignphrase> (to live, to stay)</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">State verbs:</emphasis> These verbs describe
- qualities, conditions, and states. All adjectival verbs, such as
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hǎo</foreignphrase> “to be
- good,” and <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiǔ</foreignphrase>,
- “to be long (in time),” are state verbs. Emotions, such as “being happy” and
- “being sad,” are expressed with state verbs. “Knowing,” “liking,” “wanting,”
- and “understanding,” which may be called mental states, are also expressed
- with state verbs. Also, all auxiliary verbs, such as <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎng</foreignphrase>, “to want to,” “would
- like to,” are state verbs. Here are some of the state verbs: <informaltable
- frame="none">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dà</foreignphrase> to be large</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shì</foreignphrase> to be</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >duì</foreignphrase> to be correct</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jiào</foreignphrase> to be called</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xìng</foreignphrase> to be surnamed</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zài</foreignphrase> to be at</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xiǎng</foreignphrase> to want to</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhīdào</foreignphrase> to know</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Aspect and verb types:</emphasis> Not every aspect
- marker in Chinese may be used with all types of verbs. Completion
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> does not
- occur with state verbs. It does occur with action verbs.<informaltable
- frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry morerows="2" valign="middle" align="center"
- >ACTION</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǐjīng
- dào le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He has already arrived.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā
- gōngzuòle yìnián.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He worked one year.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did he come?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry namest="c1" nameend="c3"/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry morerows="2" valign="middle" align="center"
- >STATE</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā qǜnián
- bú zài zhèr.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He wasn’t here last year.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zuótiān
- xiǎng qù.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yesterday he wanted to go.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zuótiān
- bú zhīdào.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He didn’t know yesterday.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №9–10</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他來了嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did he come?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lái le, tā lái
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >來了，他來了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yes, he came.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>10.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他來了嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did he come?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méi lái, tā méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒來，他沒來。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>No, he didn’t come.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para/>
- <para>Compare the two possible interpretations of the question <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le ma?</foreignphrase> and the answers
- they receive:<informaltable frame="none">
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c6" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry namest="c1" nameend="c6" align="center">Completion
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did she come?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>She came.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>She didn’t come.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable><informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="7">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol6" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c6" colnum="7" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry namest="c1" nameend="c6" align="center">Combined
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Has he come?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>She has come. OR She’s here.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>She hasn’t come yet.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>The first question, with completion <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase>, asks only if the action
- took place. The second question, with combined <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> asks both whether the
- action has been completed and whether the resulting new situation still
- exists.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №11</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>11.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ cóngqián
- láiguo ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你從前來過嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Have you ever been here before?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ cóngqián méi
- láiguo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我從前沒來過。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I have never been here before.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>The aspect marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-guo</foreignphrase> means literally “to pass over,” “to cross over.
- The implication is that an event took place and then ceased at some time in
- the past.</para>
- <para>It may help you to conceptualize <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-guo</foreignphrase> in terms of a bridge. The whole bridge is the
- event. The marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-guo</foreignphrase> stresses the fact that not only have you crossed
- over the bridge but at present you are no longer standing on it. </para>
- <para>The meaning of <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-guo</foreignphrase> changes slightly depending on what type of verb it
- is used with: action or process, (<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-guo</foreignphrase> may not be used with state verbs.) With an action
- verb, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-guo</foreignphrase> means
- that the action took place and then ceased at some time before the present.
- With a process verb, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-guo</foreignphrase> means that the process took place and that the
- state which resulted from the process ended at some time before the present. </para>
- <para>Remember that aspect markers like <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-guo</foreignphrase> are used only when the
- speaker feels it necessary to stress some feature or aspect of an event.
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Le</foreignphrase> is used to
- stress finishing, or completion, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-guo</foreignphrase> is used to stress that a situation occurred in the
- past and was “over” or “undone,” before the time of speaking (that is, the
- absence of that situation followed the situation). </para>
- <para>Let’s contrast <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-guo</foreignphrase> with completion <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase>: both <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-guo</foreignphrase> express completion, but
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-guo</foreignphrase> stresses
- that an action is no longer being performed, or that a state resulting from
- a process no longer exists. </para>
- <para>For example, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái
- le.</foreignphrase> means “He came,” or “He has come,” not indicating
- whether or not he is still there. </para>
- <para>But <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā láiguo</foreignphrase>
- means “He came” with the specification that he is not there anymore–that is,
- he came and left.</para>
- <para>One of the uses of the aspect marker <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-guo</foreignphrase>,is in sentences which
- express experience or having experienced something at least once in the
- past, that is, “to have had the experience of doing something.” This is how
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-guo</foreignphrase> is used
- in exchange 11. In a question, the marker <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-guo</foreignphrase> can he reflected by the
- English word “ever,” and in a negative statement by “never.”<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="7">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="0.3*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.2*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="0.2*"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.2*"/>
- <colspec colname="c6" colnum="6" colwidth="0.2*"/>
- <colspec colname="c7" colnum="7" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >cóngqiān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-guo</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Have you <emphasis role="bold">ever</emphasis> been
- (come) here before?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >cóngqián</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-guo</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I have <emphasis role="bold">never</emphasis> been
- (come) here before.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Nǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >cóngqián</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-guo</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>I have been (come) here before</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>The negative of <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái
- le.</foreignphrase> does not include a <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase>, but the negative of
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā láiguo.</foreignphrase>
- does have a <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-guo</foreignphrase>.
- The negative adverb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méi</foreignphrase> is used to negate both completion <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-guo</foreignphrase>. <informaltable
- frame="none" pgwide="0" colsep="0" rowsep="0" tabstyle="striped">
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable><informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0" colsep="0" rowsep="0"
- tabstyle="striped">
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-guo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Ta</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-guo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Drills</title>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Respond according to the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張先生住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng xiānsheng
- zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >一個月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yíge
- yüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>one month</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張先生住一個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng xiānsheng
- zhù yíge yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> is staying one month.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王小姐住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiǎojiě zhù
- duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >兩個星期</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liǎngge
- xīnqī</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>two weeks</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王小姐住兩個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiǎojiě zhù
- liǎngge xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> is staying two weeks.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡太太住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú tàitai zhù
- duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >三個月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">sānge
- yüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>three months</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡太太住三個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú tàitai zhù
- sānge yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> is staying three months.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is he/she staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >四個星期</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">sìge
- xīngqī</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>four weeks</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住四個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù sìge
- xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying four weeks.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他太太住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā tàitai zhù
- duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is his wife staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >兩個星期</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liǎngge
- xīngqī</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>two weeks</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他太太住兩個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā tàitai zhù
- liǎngge xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His wife is staying two weeks.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李小姐住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiǎojiě zhù
- duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >五個月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">wǔge
- yüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>five months</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李小姐住五個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiǎojiě zhù
- wǔge yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> is staying five months.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她先生住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiānsheng zhù
- duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is her husband staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >六個星期</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liùge
- xīngqī</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>six weeks</para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她先生住六個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiānsheng zhù
- liùge xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Her husband is staying six weeks.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Respond according to the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張同志住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tóngzhi
- zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng</foreignphrase>
- staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >三天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >sāntiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>three days</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張同志住三天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tóngzhì
- zhù sāntiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> is staying three days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她母親住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mǔqin zhù duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is his/her mother staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >一年</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yìnián</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>one year</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她母親住一年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mǔqin zhù
- yìnián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her mother is staying one year.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她父親住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā fùqin zhù duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is his/her father staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >五天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >wǔtiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>five days</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住五天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā fùqin zhù
- wǔtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her father is staying five days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王同志住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tóngzhì zhù
- duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng</foreignphrase>
- staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >八天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >bātiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>eight days</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王同志住八天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tongzhì zhù
- bātiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> is staying eight days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李姐姐住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jiějie zhù
- duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is your older sister staying.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >兩年</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >liǎngnián</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>two years</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我姐姐住兩年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ jiějie zhù
- liǎngnián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>My older sister is staying two years.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >衚同志住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú tóngzhì zhù
- duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú</foreignphrase>
- staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >四天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >sìtiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>four days</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >衚同志之四天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú tóngzhì zhù
- sìtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> is staying four days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is How long is he/she staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >三年</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >sānnián</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>three years</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住三年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù
- sānnián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying three years.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Respond according to the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她母親住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mǔqin zhù duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is his/her mother staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >兩個月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">liǎngge
- yüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>two months</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她母親住兩個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mǔqin zhù
- liǎngge yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her mother is staying two months.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她妹妹住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mèimei zhù
- duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is his/her younger sister staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >一個星期</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yíge
- xīngqī</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>one week</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她妹妹住一個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mèimei zhù
- yíge xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her younger sister is staying one week.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張太太住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tàitai zhù
- duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >九天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jiǔtiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>nine days</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張太太住九天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tàitai zhù
- jiǔtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> is staying nine days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她哥哥住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā gēge zhù duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is his/her older brother staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >四個星期</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">sìge
- xīngqī</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>four weeks</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她哥哥住四個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā gēge zhù sìge
- xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her older brother is staying four weeks.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >一個月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yíge
- yüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>one month</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生住一個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- zhù yíge yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> is staying one month.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她弟弟住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dìdi zhù duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is his/her younger brother staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >一年</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yìnián</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>one year</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她弟弟住一年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dìdi zhù
- yínián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her younger brother is staying one year.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她姐姐住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiějie zhù
- duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is his/her older sister staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >十天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shítiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>ten days</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她姐姐住十天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiějie zhù
- shítiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her older sister is staying ten days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Expansion drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Expand the response according to the model and the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">張太太的哥哥
- 住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tàitai de
- gēge zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase>’s older brother staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >香港</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xiānggǎng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Hong Kong</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張太太的哥哥在香港住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng tàitai de
- gēge zài xiānggǎng zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase>’s older brother staying in Hong
- Kong?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >江先生的弟弟住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng xiānsheng
- de dìdi zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāng</foreignphrase>’s younger brother staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >廣州</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Guǎngzhōu</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Guǎngzhōu</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >江先生的弟弟住廣州多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāng xiānsheng
- de dìdi zài Guǎngzhōu zhù duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiāng</foreignphrase>’s younger brother staying in
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Guǎngzhōu</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >曾小姐的妹妹住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zēng xiǎojiě de
- mèimei zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zēng</foreignphrase>’s younger sister staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >中國</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhōngguo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>China</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >曾小姐的妹妹在中國住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zēng xiǎojiě de
- mèimei zài Zhōngguo zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zēng</foreignphrase>’s younger sister staying in
- China?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳同志的姐姐住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén tóngzhì de
- jiějie zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén</foreignphrase>’s older
- sister staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >上海</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shānghǎi</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shānghǎi</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳同志的姐姐在上海住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén tóngzhì de
- jiějie zài Shānghǎi zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén</foreignphrase>’s older
- sister staying in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Shānghǎi</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >錢同志的愛人住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qián tóngzhì de
- àiren zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Comrade<foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"> Qián</foreignphrase>’s
- spouse staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >美國</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Měiguó</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>America</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >錢同志的愛人在美國住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qián tóngzhì de
- àiren zài Měiguó zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Comrade <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qián</foreignphrase>’s spouse
- staying in America?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >曹小姐的父親住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Cáo xiǎojiě de
- fùqin zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Cáo</foreignphrase>’s father staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >青島</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Qīngdǎo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Qīngdǎo</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >曹小姐的父親在青島住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Cáo xiǎojiě de
- fùqin zài Qīngdǎo zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Cáo</foreignphrase>’s father staying in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Qīngdǎo</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >夏先生的母親住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xià xiāngsheng
- de mǔqin zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xià</foreignphrase>’s mother staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >北京</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >夏先生的母親在北京住多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xià xiāngsheng
- de mǔqin zài Běijīng zhù duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xià</foreignphrase>’s mother staying in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase>?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Transform the sentence according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她幾天？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù
- jǐtiān?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many days is he/she staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她想住幾天？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiǎng zhù
- jǐtiān?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many days is he/she planning on staying?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡先生住幾個月？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiānsheng zhù
- jǐge yüè?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many months is Mr. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú</foreignphrase>
- staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡先生想住幾個月？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiānsheng
- xiǎng zhù jǐge yüè?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many months is Mr. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú</foreignphrase> planning
- on staying?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王太太住幾個星期？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tàitai zhù
- jǐge xīngqī?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many weeks is Mrs. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng</foreignphrase>
- staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王太太想住幾個星期？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tàitai
- xiǎng zhù jǐge xīngqī?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many weeks is Mrs. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng</foreignphrase> planning
- on staying?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她先生住幾年？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiānsheng zhù
- jǐnián?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many years is her husband staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她先生想住幾年？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiānsheng
- xiǎng zhù jǐnián?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many years is her husband planning on staying?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >周小姐住幾個月？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōu xiǎojiě zhù
- jǐge yüè?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many months is Miss <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōu</foreignphrase>
- staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >周小姐想住幾個月？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōu xiǎojiě
- xiǎng zhù jǐge yüè?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many months is Miss <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōu</foreignphrase> planning
- on staying?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我父親住幾個星期？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ fùqin zhù
- jǐge xīngqī?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many weeks is my father staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我父親想住幾個星期？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ fùqin xiǎng
- zhù jǐge xīngqī?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many weeks is my father planning on staying?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她妹妹住幾天？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mèimei zhù
- jǐtiān?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many days is hi/her younger sister staying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她妹妹想住幾天？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mèimei xiǎng
- zhù jǐtiān?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many days is hi/her younger sister planning on
- staying?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Expansion drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Expand the sentence according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住一個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù yíge
- xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying one week.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我想他/她住一個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng tā zhù
- yíge xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I think he/she is staying one week.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住兩年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù
- liǎngnián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying two years.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我想他/她住兩年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng tā zhù
- liǎngnián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I think he/she is staying two years.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住三個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù sānge
- yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying three months.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我想他/她住三個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng tā zhù
- sānge yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I think he/she is staying three months.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住兩個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù liǎngge
- xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying two weeks.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我想他/她住兩個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng tā zhù
- liǎngge xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I think he/she is staying two weeks.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她七天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù
- qītiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying seven days.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我想他/她住七天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng tā zhù
- qītiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I think he/she is staying seven days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住十年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù
- sìnián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying four years.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我想他/她住十年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng tā zhù
- sìnián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I think he/she is staying four years.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她六個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù liùge
- yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying six months.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我想他/她住六個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng tā zhù
- liùge yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I think he/she is staying six months.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Transform the sentence according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住一個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù yíge
- xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying one week.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住了一個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle yíge
- xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she stayed one week.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬同志住一年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ tóngzhì zhù
- yìnián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase> is staying one year.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬同志住了一年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ tóngzhì zhùle
- yìnián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase> stayed one year.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王同志住四個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tóngzhì zhù
- sìge yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> is staying four months.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王同志住了四個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tóngzhì
- zhùle sìge yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> stayed four months.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >曾同志住五天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zēng tóngzhì zhù
- wǔtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zēng</foreignphrase> is staying five days.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >曾同志住了五天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zēng tóngzhì
- zhùle wǔtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zēng</foreignphrase> stayed five days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住兩個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhù liǎngge
- xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I’m staying two weeks.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住了兩個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhùle liǎngge
- xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I stayed two weeks.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她孩子住劉天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā háizi zhù
- liùtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her children are staying six days.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她孩子住了劉天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā háizi zhùle
- liùtian.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her children stayed six days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她妹妹住兩年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mèimei zhù
- liǎngnián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her younger sister is staying two years.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她妹妹住了兩年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mèimei zhùle
- liǎngnián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her younger sister stayed two years.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Transform the sentence according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住了三天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle
- sāntiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she stayed three days</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住了三天了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle sāntiān
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has stayed three days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住了一個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhùle yíge
- xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I stayed one week.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我住了一個星期了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhùle yíge
- xīngqī le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I have stayed one week.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她父親住了兩個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā fùqin zhùle
- liǎngge yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her father stayed two months.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她父親住了兩個月了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā fùqin zgùle
- liǎngge yüè le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her father has stayed two months.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她姐姐住了十一天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiějie zhùle
- shíyītiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her older sister stayed eleven days.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她姐姐住了十一天了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiějie zhùle
- shíyītiān le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her older sister has stayed eleven days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生住了一年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- zhùle yìnián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> stayed one year.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生住了一年了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- zhùle yìnián le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> has stayed one year.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王太太住了三個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tàitai
- zhùle sānge xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> stayed three weeks.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王太太住了三個星期了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tàitai
- zhùle sānge xīngqī le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> has stayed three weeks.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡小姐住了七天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiǎojiě zhùle
- qītiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> stayed seven days.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡小姐住了七天了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiǎojiě zhùle
- qītiān le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> has stayed seven days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Respond by adding <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎng
- zhù</foreignphrase>, or <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhùle</foreignphrase> + duration phrase + le to each statement,
- according to the cue.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住一天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù
- yìtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying one day.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >還沒來</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hái měi
- lái</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>didn’t come yet</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她想住一天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiǎng zhù
- yìtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is planning on staying one day.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住一天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù
- yìtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying one day.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >已經走了</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǐjīng zǒu
- le</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>already left</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住了一天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle
- yìtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she stayed one day.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住一天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù
- yìtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying one day.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >還在這兒</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hái zài
- zhèr</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>already here</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住了一天了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle yìtiān
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has stayed one day.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住兩個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù liǎngge
- xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying two weeks.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >已經周了</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǐjīng zǒu
- le</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>already left</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住了兩個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle liǎngge
- xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she stayed two weeks.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住三天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù
- sāntiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying three days.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >還沒來</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hái méi
- lái</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>didn’t come yet</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她想住三天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiǎng zhù
- sāntiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is planning of staying three days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住一年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù
- yìnián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying one year.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >還在這兒</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hái zài
- zhèr</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>already here</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住了一年了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle yìnián
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has stayed one year.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住五個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhù wǔge
- xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is staying five weeks.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >已經周了</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǐjīng zǒu
- le</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>already left</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住了五個星期。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle wǔge
- xīngqī.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she stayed five weeks.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Transform the sentence according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她星期一來，星期三走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xīngqīyī lái,
- xīngqīsān zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming on Monday, leaving on Wednesday.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/他想住兩天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiǎng zhù
- liǎngtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is planning on staying two days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她一月來，四月走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yíyüè lái,
- sìyüè zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming on January, leaving on April.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她想住三個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiǎng zhù
- sānge yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is planning on staying three months.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她五月來，七月走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā wǔyüè lái,
- qíyüè zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming on May, leaving on September.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她想住兩個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiǎng zhù
- liǎngge yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is planning on staying four months.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她一號來，六號走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yíhào lái,
- liùhào zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming the first of the month, leaving the
- sixth.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她想住五天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiǎng zhù
- wǔtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is planning on staying five days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她六月來，十月走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā liùyüè lái,
- shíyüè zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming on June, leaving on October.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她想住四個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiǎng zhù
- sìge yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is planning on staying four months.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她一九七六年來，一九七八年走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā
- yījiǔqīliùnián lái, yījiǔqībānián
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming in 1976, leaving in 1978.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她想住兩年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiǎng zhù
- liǎngnián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is planning on staying two years.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她星期五來，下個星期一走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xīngqīwǔ lái,
- xiàge xīngqīyī zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming on Friday, leaving next Monday.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她想住三天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiǎng zhù
- sāntiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is planning on staying three days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Transform the sentence according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Statement<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是二號來的，四號走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi èrhào
- láide, sìhào zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she came on the second, left on the fourth.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住了年天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle
- liǎngtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she stayed two days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是一九七一年來的，一九七四年走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi
- yǐjiǔqīyīnián láide, yījiǔqīsìnián
- zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she came in 1971, left in 1974.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住了三年。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle
- sānnián.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she stayed three years.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是三月來的，五月走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi sānyüè
- láide, wǔyüè zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she came in April , left in May.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住了兩個月。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle liǎngge
- yüè.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she stayed two months.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是星期二來的，星期六走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xīngqīèr
- láide, xīngqīliù zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she came on Tuesday , left on Saturday.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住了四天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle
- sìtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she stayed four days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是九號來的，十一號走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi jiǔhào
- láide, shíyīhào zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she came on the ninth, left on the eleventh.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住了兩天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle
- liǎngtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she stayed two days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是昨天來的，今天走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zuótiān
- láide, jīntiān zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she came yesterday , left today.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住了一天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle
- yìtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she stayed one day.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她是上個月三十一號來的，
- 這個月五號走的。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi shànge
- yüè sānshiyíhào láide, zhèige yüè wǔhào
- zǒude.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she came the 31st last month, left on the 5th this
- month.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她住了五天。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zhùle
- wǔtiān.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she stayed five days.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Transform the sentence according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她明天不來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā míngtiān bù
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she isn’t coming tomorrow.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >昨天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuótiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>yesterday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她昨天沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zuótiān méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she didn’t come yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她後天不走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hòutiān bú
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she isn’t leaving the day after tomorrow.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >前天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >qiántiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>the day before yesterday</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她前天沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta qiántiān méi
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she didn’t leave the day before yesterday.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她明天不來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā míngtiān bù
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she isn’t coming tomorrow.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >去年</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >qǜnián</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>last year</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她去年沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā qǜnián méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she didn’t come last year..</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她下個月不走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiàge yüè bù
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she isn’t leaving next month.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >上個月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shàngge
- yüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>last month</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她上個月沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shàngge yüè
- méi zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she didn’t leave last month.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她下個星期不來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiàge xīngqī
- bù lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she isn’t coming next week.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >上個星期</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shàngge
- xīngqī</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>last week</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她上個星期沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shàngge
- xīngqī méi lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she didn’t come last week.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她後年不來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hòunián bù
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she isn’t coming the year after next.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >天年</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >qiánnián</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>the year before last</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她天年沒來</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā qiánnián méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she didn’t come the year before last.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她今天不走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jīntiān bú
- zòu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she isn’t leaving today.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >今天</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jintiān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>today</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她今天沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jīntiān méi
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she didn’t leave today.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Transform the sentence according to the model.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來過嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā láiguo
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has he/she ever been here?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did his/her spouse come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人來過嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren láiguo
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has his/her spouse ever been here?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她母親來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta mǔqin lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did his/her mother come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她母親來過嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta mǔqin láiguo
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has his/her mother ever been here?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >衚同志來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú tóngzhì lái
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >衚同志來過嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú tóngzhì
- láiguo ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> ever been here?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她弟弟來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dìdi lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has his/her younger brother come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她弟弟來過嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dìdi láiguo
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did his/her younger brother ever been here?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王大年來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng Dànián lái
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng
- Dànián</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王大年來過嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng Dànián
- láiguo ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng
- Dànián</foreignphrase> ever been here?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙同志來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào tóngzhì lái
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >趙同志來過嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhào tóngzhì
- láiguo ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Has Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhào</foreignphrase> ever been here?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give a negative response to each question.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王小姐來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiǎojiě lái
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王小姐沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiǎjiě méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> didn’t come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >林先生來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín xiānsheng
- lái le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >林先生沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín xiānsheng
- méi lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> didn’t come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >劉太太來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú tàitai lái
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Liú</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >劉太太沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú tàitai méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Liú</foreignphrase> didn’t come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she didn’t come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃先生來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng xiānsheng
- lái le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃先生沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huāng xiānsheng
- méi lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> didn’t come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳小姐來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén xiǎojiě lái
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳小姐沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén xiǎojiě mái
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> didn’t come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >孫太太來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sūn tàitai lái
- le ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sūn</foreignphrase> come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >孫太太沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sūn tàitai méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sūn</foreignphrase> didn’t come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give a negative response to each question.</title>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來過嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā láiguo
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她沒來過。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā méi
- láiguo.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she didn’t come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人來過嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren láiguo
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did his/her spouse come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人沒來過。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren méi
- láiguo.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her spouse didn’t come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她男孩子來過嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā nánháizi
- láiguo ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did his/her son come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她男孩子沒來過。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā nánháizi méi
- láiguo.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her son didn’t come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們孩子都來過嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen háizi dōu
- láiguo ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did his children all come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他們孩子都沒來過。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen háizi dōu
- méi láiguo.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>None of his children came.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她弟弟來過嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dìdi láiguo
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did his/her younger brother come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她弟弟沒來過。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dìdi méi
- láiguo.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her younger brother didn’t come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她姐姐來過嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiějie láiguo
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did his/her older sister come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她姐姐沒來過。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jiějie méi
- láiguo.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her older sister didn’t come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她母親來過嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mǔqin láiguo
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did his/her mother come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她母親沒來過。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā mǔqin méi
- láiguo.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>His/her mother didn’t come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 7</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Introduction</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Topics covered in this unit</title>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>Where someone works.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Where and what someone has studied.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>What languages someone can speak.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Auxiliary verbs.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>General objects.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Material you will need</title>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>The C-l and P-1 tapes, the Reference List and Reference Notes.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The C-2 and P-2 tapes, the Workbook.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The TD-1 tape.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>References</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Reference List</title>
- <para/>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >您在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Where do you work?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài Měiguó
- Guówùyuàn gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我在美國國務院工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I work with the State Department.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >您在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Where do you work?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi
- xüésheng.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是學生。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m a student.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín lái zuò
- shénme?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >您來做什麼？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What did you come here to do?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ lái niàn
- shū.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我來念書。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I came here to study.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ò, wǒ yě shi
- xüésheng.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哦，我也是學生。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Oh, I’m a student too.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ niàn
- shénme?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你念什麼？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>May I ask, what are you studying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ niàn
- lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我念歷史。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m studying history.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Kē xiānsheng, nǐ
- niàn shénme?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >柯先生，你念什麼？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What are you studying, Mr. Cook?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài zhèli xüé
- zhōngwén.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我在這裏學中文。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m studying Chinese here.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ xüéguo
- Yīngwén ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你學過英文嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>May I ask, have you ever studied English?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xüéguo</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >學過。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yes.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ huì
- shuō Yīngwén ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你會説英文嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>May I ask, can you speak English?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ huì shuō
- yìdiǎn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我會説一點。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I can speak a little.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ tàitai yě huì
- shuō Zhōngguo huà ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你太太也會説中國話嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Can your wife speak Chinese too?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú huì, tā bú huì
- shuō.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不會，她不會説。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>No, she can’t.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ de Zhōngguo huà
- hěn hǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你的中國話很好。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Your Chinese is very good.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Náli, náli. Wǒ jiù
- shuō yìdiǎn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪裏，哪裏。我就説一點。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Not at all, not at all. I can speak only a little.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>10.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi zài náli
- xüéde?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你是在哪裏學的？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Where did you study it?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi zài
- Huáshèngdùn xüéde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是在華盛頓學的。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I studied it in Washington.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>11.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi zài dàxüé
- xüéde Yīngwén ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你是在大學學的英文嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did you study English at college?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde, wǒ shi zài
- Táiwān Dàxüé xüéde Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的，我是在臺灣大學學的英文。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yes, I studied English at Taiwan University.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Vocabulary</title>
- <para/>
- <informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.5*"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jīngxüé</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">經學</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Confucian classics</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Rìwén</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">日文</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Japanese language</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >wénxüé</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">文學</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>literature</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèngzhixüé</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >政治學</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>political science</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nán</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">難</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to be difficult</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >róngyi</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">容易</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to be easy</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dàxüé</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">大學</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>university</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >huà</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">話</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>language, words</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáshèngdùn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >華盛頓</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Washington</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >huì</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">會</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to know how to, to can</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jīngjixüé</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >經濟學</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>economics</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lìshǐ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">歷史</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>history</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Měiguó
- Guówùyüàn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >美國國務院</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>U.S. Department of State</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nán</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">難</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to be difficult</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">niàn
- (shū)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">唸書</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to study</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuō
- (huà)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">説話</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to speak, to talk</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xüé</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">學</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to study</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xüéshēng
- (xüésheng)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">學生</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>student</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xüéxí
- (xüéxi)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">學習</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to study, to learn (PRC)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yìdiǎn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">一點</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>a little</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Yīngwén</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">英文</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>English</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhōngwén</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">中文</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Chinese</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zuò</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">做</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to do</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shénme
- dìfang</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >什麼地方</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>where, what place</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Reference Notes</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №1–2</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >您在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Where do you work?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài Měiguó
- Guówùyüàn gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我在美國國務院工作。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I work with the State Department.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >您在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Where do you work?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi
- xüésheng.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我是學生。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m a student.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zài Měiguó Guówùyüàn
- gōngzuò</foreignphrase> means either “work at the State Department”
- (i.e., at main State in Washington, D,C.) or “work in the organization of
- the State Department” (no matter where assigned). Here the expression is
- translated loosely as “work with the State Department,” meaning “in the
- organization.”</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №3–4</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nín lái zuò
- shénme?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >您來做什麼？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What did you come here to do?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ lái niàn
- shū.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我來念書。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I came here to study.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ò, wǒ yě shi
- xüésheng.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哦，我也是學生。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Oh, I’m a student too.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- niàn shénme?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你念什麼？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>May I ask, what are you studying?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ niàn
- lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我念歷史。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m studying history.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Purpose:</emphasis> When <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">lái</foreignphrase>, “to come,” is followed
- by another verb, the second verb expresses the purpose of the subject’s
- coming. The “purpose of coming” may be emphasized by the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shi...de</foreignphrase> construction, with
- the marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shì</foreignphrase>
- before the verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase>.</para>
- <informaltable frame="all">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ shi lái niàn
- shūde.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I came to study.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para> </para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Niàn shū</foreignphrase>:
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Niàn</foreignphrase> by itself
- means “to read aloud.” When followed by an object, the expression means “to
- study.” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shū</foreignphrase> is
- “book(s),” but <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">niàn
- shū</foreignphrase> simply means “to study.” <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shū</foreignphrase> is used as a general
- object, standing for whatever is being studied.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Niàn lìshǐ</foreignphrase>: When
- you are talking about studying a particular subject, <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">niàn</foreignphrase> is followed by the name
- of that subject rather than by the general object <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shū</foreignphrase>.</para>
- <para>To have the meaning “to study,” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >niàn</foreignphrase> must be followed by either the general object
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shū</foreignphrase> or a
- specific object such as the name of a subject.</para>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Verb types:</emphasis>
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zuò</foreignphrase>, “to do,” and
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">niàn (shū)</foreignphrase>,
- “to study,” are action verbs. Both are made negative with bu when referring
- to actions not yet finished Both may take completion <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> or its negative
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi</foreignphrase>.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú niàn
- shū.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He doesn’t study.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā méi niàn
- shū.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He didn’t study.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǐjǐng
- niàn shù le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He has already studied.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №5–6</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Kē xiānsheng,
- nǐ niàn shénme?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >柯先生，你念什麼？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What are you studying, Mr. Cook?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài zhèli
- xüé zhōngwén.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我在這裏學中文。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m studying Chinese here.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ
- xüéguo Yīngwén ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你學過英文嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>May I ask, have you ever studied English?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xüéguo</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >學過。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yes.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xüé</foreignphrase>, “to study”
- an action verb): You will recognize <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xüé</foreignphrase> from the word for
- “student,” <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xüésheng</foreignphrase>. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Xüé</foreignphrase> may refer to acquiring either knowledge or a skill.
- For example, you can <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xüé</foreignphrase> history, economics, a language, piano, and tennis.
- On the other hand, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >niàn</foreignphrase> is used for “study” in the sense of taking a
- course or courses in a field of knowledge. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Niàn</foreignphrase> is not used for a
- skill.</para>
- <para>In some contexts, the verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xüé</foreignphrase> means “to learn.” The following sentence may be
- interpreted two ways, depending on the situation.<informaltable frame="none">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry morerows="2" valign="middle"><foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài Měiguó yǐjīng
- xüéguo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I learned it in America.(e.g., how to use
- chopsticks)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry align="center">OR</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>I studied it in America.</para>
- <para>(e.g., the Chinese language)</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōngwén</foreignphrase> is used
- for either the Chinese spoken language or the written language, including
- literature. In general, use <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xüé</foreignphrase> for “learning” to speak Chinese and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">niàn</foreignphrase> for “studying” Chinese
- literature.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №7–8</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, nǐ huì
- shuō Yīngwén ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，你會説英文嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>May I ask, can you speak English?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ huì shuō
- yìdiǎn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我會説一點。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I can speak a little.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ tàitai yě
- huì shuō Zhōngguo huà ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你太太也會説中國話嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Can tour wife speak Chinese too?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú huì, tā bú
- huì shuō.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不會，她不會説。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>No, she can’t.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huì</foreignphrase>, “to know
- how to,” “can,” is an auxiliary verb. It is used before the main verb to
- express an attitude toward the action or to express the potential of action.
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xiǎng</foreignphrase>, “to
- want to,” “would like to,” is also an auxiliary verb. “Should,” “must,” and
- “may” are other examples of auxiliary verbs. All auxiliary verbs in Chinese
- are state verbs, which means that <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >bù</foreignphrase> is always used to make them negative. Auxiliary
- verbs never take the aspect marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase> for completed action, regardless of whether you are
- talking about past, present, or future.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā qǜnián
- bú huì shuō Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He couldn’t speak English last year.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>When the marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase> is used, it is the aspect marker for new situations.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā qǜnián
- bú huì shuō Yīngwén, xiànzài huì
- le,</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>
- <para> Last year he couldn’t speak English, but now he
- can.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ huì shuō
- yìdiǎn</foreignphrase>, “I can speak a little”: The word <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yìdiǎn</foreignphrase>, literally “a dot,”
- functions as a noun. It is used in a sentence to mean “a little bit” where a
- noun object, such as <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Yīngwén</foreignphrase>, “English,” might be used.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Yìdiǎn</foreignphrase> may not
- be used directly after an auxiliary verb, which must be followed by another
- verb.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shuō</foreignphrase>, “to
- speak,” “to talk,” is another example of a verb which must always have an
- object. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shuō</foreignphrase> must
- be followed by either:</para>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>the general object <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >huà</foreignphrase>, “words,” in which case the meaning of
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shuō
- huà</foreignphrase> is simply “to speak,” “to talk,” as
- in:</para>
- <informaltable frame="all">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái
- méi shuō huà.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He hasn’t yet spoken.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>OR</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>a specific object such as the name of a language.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú huì</foreignphrase>: The
- short yes/no answer to a question containing the auxiliary verb
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">huì</foreignphrase> is formed
- with <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">huì</foreignphrase> rather
- than with the main verb.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōngguo huà</foreignphrase>:
- This expression refers only to the spoken language, in contrast to
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōngwén</foreignphrase>,
- which refers to both the spoken and written language.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №9</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ de Zhōngguo
- huà hěn hǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你的中國話很好。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Your Chinese is very good.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Náli, náli. Wǒ
- jiù shuō yìdiǎn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪裏，哪裏。我就説一點。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Not at all, not at all. I can speak only a
- little.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>Literally, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">náli</foreignphrase>
- means “where.” As a reply to a compliment, we have translated <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">náli</foreignphrase> as “not at all.” In
- China, it has traditionally been considered proper and a matter of course to
- deny any compliment received, no matter how much truth there is to it. Many
- people still regard <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xièxie</foreignphrase> “thank you,” as an immodest reply to a
- compliment, since that would amount to agreeing that the compliment was
- completely correct.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiù</foreignphrase>, “only”: As
- was noted in Unit 3, notes on Nos. 8–9, <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jiù</foreignphrase> meaning “only” is not as
- widely understood as <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhǐ</foreignphrase>. The last sentence in exchange 9 could Just as well
- be <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zhǐ huì shuō
- yìdiǎn</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №10–11</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>11.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ shi zài
- dàxüé xüéde Yīngwén ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你是在大學學的英文嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did you study English at college?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde, wǒ shi
- zài Táiwān Dàxüé xüéde Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的，我是在臺灣大學學的英文。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yes, I studied English at Taiwan University.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>In the Peking dialect of Standard Chinese, which is the model for
- grammatical patterns presented in this course, the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">-de</foreignphrase> of a <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shi...de</foreignphrase> construction comes
- between the verb and its object. The object, therefore, is outside the
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">shi...de</foreignphrase>
- construction. Compare “I studied here” with “I studied English here”:</para>
- <para>However, you may hear some Standard Chinese speakers who place the object
- inside the <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shi...de</foreignphrase> construction.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c6" colnum="6" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wǒ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shì</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài
- zhèr</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xüé</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-de.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wǒ</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shì</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zài
- zhèr</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xüé</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >-de</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Drills</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where does he/she works?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >國務院</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Guówùyüàn</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Department of State</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在國務院工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Guówùyüàn
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she works with the Department of State.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where does he/she works?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >郵政局</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yóuzhèngjǘ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>post office</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在郵政局工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài
- yóuzhèngjǘ gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she works at the post office.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where does he/she works?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >銀行</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yínháng</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>bank</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在銀行工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài yínháng
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she works at the bank.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where does he/she works?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >武官處</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wǔguānchù</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>defense attache office</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在武官處工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Wǔguānchù
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she works at the defense attache office.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where does he/she works?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >國賓大飯店</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Guóbīn
- Dàfàndiàn</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Ambassador Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在國賓大飯店工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Guóbín
- Dàfàndiàn gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she works at the Ambassador Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where does he/she works?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >北京大飯店</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng
- Dàfàndiàn</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase> Grand Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在北京大飯店工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Běijīng
- Dàfàndiàn gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she works at the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Běijīng</foreignphrase> Grand
- Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在哪裏工作？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài náli
- gōngzuò?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Where does he/she works?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >民族飯店</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mínzǔ
- Fàndiàn</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Nationalities Hotel</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在族飯店工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Mínzú
- Fàndiàn gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she works at the Nationalities Hotel.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Expansion drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是學生，他/她學中文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xüésheng,
- tā xüé zhōngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is a student, he/she studies Chinese.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >這裏</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèli</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>here</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是學生，他/她在這裏學中文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xüésheng,
- tā zài zhèli xüé zhōngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is a student, he/she studies Chinese here.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是學生，他/她學中國話。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xüésheng,
- tā xüé Zhōngguo huà.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is a student, he/she studies Chinese.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那裏</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nàli</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>there</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是學生，他/她在那裏學中國花。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xüésheng,
- tā zài nàli xüé Zhōngguo huà.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is a student, he/she studies Chinese there.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是學生，他/她念什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xüésheng,
- tā niàn shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is a student, what does he/she study?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >這裏</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèli</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>here</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是學生，他/她在這裏念什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xüésheng,
- tā zài zhèli niàn shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is a student, what does he/she study here?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是學生，他/她念歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xǘsheng,
- tā niàn lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is a student, he/she studies history.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >哪裏</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >náli?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>there?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是學生，他/她在哪裏念歷史？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xüésheng,
- tā zài náli niàn lìshǐ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is a student, does he/she study history
- there?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是學生，他/她念文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xüésheng,
- tā niàn wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is a student, he/she studies literature.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >這裏</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèli</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>here</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是學生，他/她這裏念文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xüésheng,
- tā zài zhèli niàn wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is a student, he/she studies literature
- here.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是學生，他/她學法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xüésheng,
- tā xüé Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is a student, he/she studies French.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >那裏</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >nàli</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>there</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是學生，他/她在那裏學法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xüésheng,
- tā zài nàli xüé Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is a student, he/she studies French there.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是學生，他/她學什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xüésheng,
- tā xüé shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is a student, what does he/she study?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >這裏</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèli</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>here</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是學生，他/她在這裏學什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi xüésheng,
- tā zài zhèli xüé shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is a student, what does he/she study here?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他/她念什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tā niàn
- shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what is he/she studying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >經濟學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jīngjixüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>economics</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念經濟學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn
- jīngjixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she studies economics.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，王大年念什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, Wáng
- Dànián niàn shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what is <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng Dànián</foreignphrase>
- studying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >文學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >wénxüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>literature</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他念文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn
- wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He studies literature.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，方小姐念什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, Fāng
- xiǎojiě niàn shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what is Miss <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Fāng</foreignphrase>
- studying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >中國文學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōngguo
- wénxüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Chinese literature</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她念中國文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā nián Zhōngguo
- wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She studies Chinese literature.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他/她妹妹念什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tā
- mèimei niàn shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what is his/her younger sister studying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >政治學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zhèngzhixüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>political science</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她念政治學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn
- zhèngzhixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She studies political science.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他/她愛人念什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tā
- àiren niàn shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what is his/her spouse studying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >歷史</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lìshǐ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>history</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn
- lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she studies history.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，孫蕙然念什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, Sūn
- Huìrán niàn shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what is <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sūn Huìrán</foreignphrase>
- studying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >中國歷史</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōngguo
- lìshǐ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Chinese history</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >她念中國歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn Zhōngguo
- lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>She studies Chinese history.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他/她男孩子念什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā nánháizi niàn
- shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, what is his/her boy studying?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >經濟學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jīngjixüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>economics</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他念經濟學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn
- jīngjixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she studies economics.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生念歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- niàn lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> is studying history.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王先生來念歷史</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng xiānsheng
- lái niàn lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> is coming to study history.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬先生念文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ xiānsheng
- niàn wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase> is studying literature.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬先生來念文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ xiānsheng lái
- niàn wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase> is coming to study
- literature.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張先生唸經濟學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng xiānsheng
- niàn jīngjixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> is studying economics.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >張先生來念經濟學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng xiānsheng
- lái niàn jīngjixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Zhāng</foreignphrase> is coming to study
- economics.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李先生念日文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiānsheng
- niàn Rìwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> is studying the Japanese
- language.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李先生來念日文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ xiānsheng lái
- niàn Rìwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> is coming to study the Japanese
- language.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn
- lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is studying history.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來念歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái niàn
- lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming to study history.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡先生念英文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiānsheng
- niàn Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> is studying English.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >胡先生來念英文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hú xiānsheng lái
- niàn Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Hú</foreignphrase> is coming to study English.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳先生念法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén xiānsheng
- niàn fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> is studying French.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳先生來念法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén xiānsheng
- lái niàn Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> is coming to study French.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >孫同志來做什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sūn tóngzhì lái
- zuò shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What did Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sūn</foreignphrase> come to do?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >工作</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >gōngzuò</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>to work</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming to work.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >馬孫同志來做什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Mǎ tóngzhì lái
- zuò shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What did Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Mǎ</foreignphrase> come to do?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >唸書</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">niàn
- shū</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>to study</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來念書。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái niàn
- shū.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming to study.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳孫同志來做什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén tóngzhì lái
- zuò shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What did Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> come to do?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >學日文</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xüé
- Rìwén</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>to study Japanese</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來學日文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái xüé
- Rìwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming to study Japanese.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來做什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái zuò
- shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What did he/she <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> come to do?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >念歷史</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">niàn
- lìshǐ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>to study history</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來念歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái niàn
- lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming to study history.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃先生來做什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng xiānsheng
- lái zuò shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What did Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> come to do?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >念政治學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">niàn
- zhèngzhixüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>to study political science</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他來念政治學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái niàn
- zhèngzhixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is coming to study political science.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >錢同志來做什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qián tóngzhì lái
- zuò shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What did Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Qián</foreignphrase> come to do?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >學英文</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xüé
- Yīngwén</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>to study English</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來學英文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái xüé
- Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she did is coming to study English.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來做什麼？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái zuò
- shénme?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>What did he/she come to do?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >工作</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >gōngzuò</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>to work</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái
- gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is coming to work.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他/她來念書嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tā lái
- niàn shū ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, did he/she come to study?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >對了，他/她來念書。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā lái
- niàn shū.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she came to study.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問他/她來念中文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tā lái
- niàn zhōngwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, did he/she come to study Chinese?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">對了，他/她
- 來念中文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā lái
- niàn zhōngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she came to study Chinese.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，他/她來念經濟學嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tā lái
- niàn jīngjixüé ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, did he/she come to study economics?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">對了，他/她
- 來念經濟學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā lái
- niàn jīngjixüě.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she came to study economics.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問他/她妹妹來念英文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, tā
- mèimei lái niàn Yīngwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, did his/her younger sister come to study
- English?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >對了，她來念英文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā lái
- niàn Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, she came to study English.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，陳先生來念政治學嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, Chén
- xiānsheng lái niàn zhèngzhixüé
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, did Mr. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén</foreignphrase> come to
- study political science?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >對了，他來念政治學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā lái
- niàn zhèngzhixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he came to study political science.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，王先生來學法文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, Wáng
- xiānsheng lái xüé Fàwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, did Mr. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng</foreignphrase> come to
- learn French?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >對了，他來學法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā lái
- xüé Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he came to learn French.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >請問，張小姐來學日文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qǐngwèn, Zhāng
- xiǎojiě lái xüè Rìwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>May I ask, did Miss <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhāng</foreignphrase> come to
- learn Japanese?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >對了，她來學日文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Duì le, tā lái
- xüé Rìwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, she came to learn Japanese.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在大學學的中文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài dàxüé
- xüéde zhōngwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study Chinese in college?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的，他/她是在大學學的中文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde, tā shi
- zài dàxüé xüéde zhōngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she studied Chinese in college.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在美國學的中文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Měiguo xüéde zhōngwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she learn Chinese in America?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的，他/她是在美國學的中文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde, tā shi
- zài Měiguó xüéde zhōngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she learned Chinese in America.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在臺灣大學唸的英文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Táiwān Dàxüé niànde Yīngwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study English in Taiwan?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的，他/她是在臺灣大學唸的英文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde, tā shi
- zài Táiwān Dàxüé niànde Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she studied English in Taiwan.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在美國唸的歷史嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Měiguó niànde lìshǐ ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study history in America?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的，他/她是在美國唸的歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde, tā shi
- zài Měiguó niànde lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she studied history in America.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在加州唸的政治學嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Jiāzhōu niànde zhèngzhixüé ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study political science in California?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的，他/她是在加州唸的政治學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde, tā shi
- zài Jiāzhōu niànde zhèngzhixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she studied political science in
- California.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在中國唸的中國文學嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- zhōngguó niànde zhōngguó wénxüé
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study Chinese literature in China?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的，他/她是在中國唸的中國文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde, tā shi
- zài Zhōngguo niànde Zhōngguo
- wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she studied Chinese literature in China.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在華盛頓唸的經濟學嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Huáshèngdùn niànde jīngjixüé ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study economics in Washington?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的，他/她是在華盛頓唸的經濟學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde, tā shi
- zài Huáshèngdùn niànde jīngjixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she studied economics in Washington.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- <note>
- <para>All these sentences could be translated with “is coming” instead of “did
- come”. </para>
- </note>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give negative responses to all the questions, and complete your answers
- according to the cues.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在中國學的中國話嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Zhōngguo xüéde Zhōngguo huà ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study Chinese in China?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >美國</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Měiguó</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>America</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，他/她是在美國學的中國話。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā shi
- zài Měiguó xüéde Zhōngguo huà.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she studied Chinese in America.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在美國唸的法文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Měiguó niànde Fàwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study French in America.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >加拿大</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Jiānádà</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Canada</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，他/她是在加拿大唸的法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā shi
- zài Jiānádà niànde Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she studied French in Canada.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在臺灣大學唸的政治學嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Táiwān Dàxüé niànde zhēngzhixüé
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study political science in a Taiwan
- University?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >美國大學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Měiguó
- Dàxüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>American University</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，他/她是在美國大學唸的政治學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā shi
- zài Měiguó Dàxüé niànde
- zhèngshixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she studied political science in an American
- University.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在英國唸的英國文學嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Yīngguó niànde Yīngguó wénxüé ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study English literature in England?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >美國大學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Měiguó
- Dàxüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>American University</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，他/她是在美國大學唸的英國文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā shi
- zài Měiguó Dàxüé niànde Yīngguó
- wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she studied English literature in an American
- University.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在加州唸的經濟學嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Jiāzhōu niànde jīngjixüé ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study economics in California?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺灣大學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Táiwān
- Dàxüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>National Taiwan University</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，他/她是在臺灣大學唸的經濟學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā shi
- zài Táiwān Dàxüé niànde
- jīngjixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she studied economics in a Taiwan national
- university.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在中國唸的中國歷史嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Zhōngguo niànde Zhōngguo lìshǐ
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study Chinese history in China?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >加州大學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāzhōu
- Dàxüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>University of California</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，他/她是在加州大學唸的中國歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā shi
- zài Jiāzhōu Dàxüé niànde Zhōngguo
- lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she studied Chinese history in the California
- university. </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在加拿大唸的中文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Jiānádà niànde Zhōngwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study the Chinese language in Canada?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺灣</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Táiwān</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Taiwan</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，他/她是在臺灣唸的中文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā shi
- zài Táiwān niànde zhōngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she studied the Chinese language in Taiwan.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title>Give negative or affirmative responses to all the questions according to
- the cues.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在華盛頓學的中國話嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Huáshèngdùn xüéde Zhōngguo huà
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study Chinese in Washington?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >華盛頓</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáshèngdùn</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Washington</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的，他/她是在華盛頓學的中國話。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde, tā shi
- zài Huáshèngdùn xüéde Zhōnggúo
- huà.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>he/she studied Chinese in Washington.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在臺灣大學唸的中國歷史嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Táiwān Dàxüé niànde Zhōngguo lìshǐ
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study Chinese history in Taiwan
- University?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >美國大學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Měiguó
- Dàxüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>American University</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，他/她是在美國大學唸的中國歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā shi
- zài Měiguó Dàxüé niànde Zhōngguo
- lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she studied Chinese history in an American
- University.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在大學學的中文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài dàxüé
- xüéde Zhōngwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she learn Chinese in college?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >大學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >dàxüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>college</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的，他/她是在大學學的中文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde, tā shi
- zài dàxüé xüéde Zhōngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she learned Chinese in college.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在臺灣大學唸的中國文學嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Táiwān Dàxüé niànde Zhōngguo wénxüé
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study Chinese literature in National Taiwan
- University?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >加州大學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jiāzhōu
- Dàxüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>University of California</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，他/她是在加州大學唸的中國文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā shi
- zài Jiāzhōu Dàxüé niànde Zhōngguo
- wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she studied Chinese literature in the University of
- California.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在美國大學唸的文學嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Měiguó Dàxüé niànde wénxüé ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study literature in the American
- University?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >美國大學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Měiguó
- Dàxüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>American University</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是的，他/她是在美國大學唸的文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shìde, tā shi
- zài Měiguó Dàxüé niànde wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she studied literature in the University of
- America.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在加州唸的政治學嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài
- Jiāzhōu Dàxüé niànde zhèngzhixüé
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study political science in a University of
- California?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >臺灣大學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Táiwān
- Dàxüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Taiwan University</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，他/她是在臺灣大學唸的政治學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā shi
- zài Táiwān Dàxüé niànde
- shèngzhixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she studied political science in Taiwan
- University.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她是在法國唸的法文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā shi zài Fàguó
- niànde Fàwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she study French in France?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >美國</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Měiguó</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>America</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不是，他/她是在美國唸的法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú shi, tā shi
- zài Měiguó niànde Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she studied French in University of America.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Substitution drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説英文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Yīngwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak English?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >德文</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Déwén</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>German</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説德文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Déwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak German?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説德文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Déwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak German?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >日文</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Rìwén</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Japanese</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説日文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Rìwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak Japanese?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説日文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Rìwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak Japanese?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >法文</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Fàwén</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>French</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説法文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Fàwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak French?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説法文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Fàwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak French?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >中國話</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōngguo
- huà</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Chinese (language)</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説中國話嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Zhōngguo huà ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak Chinese?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説中國話嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Zhōngguo huà ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak Chinese?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >德國話</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Déguó
- huà</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>German (language)</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">你會説德
- 國話嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Déguó huà ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak German?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説的國話嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Déguó ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak German?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >俄國話</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Èguó
- huà</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Russian (language)</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説俄國話嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō Èguó
- huà ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak Russian?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Combination drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我學中文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xüé
- Zhōngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I’m studying Chinese.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >日文</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Rìwén</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Japanese</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我學中文，我也學日文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xüé Zhōngwén,
- wǒ yě xüé Rìwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I’m studying Chinese, and I’m studying Japanese
- too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我學法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xüé
- Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I’m studying French.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >tā</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>he/she</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我學中文，他/她也學中文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xüé Zhōngwén,
- tā yě xüé Zhōngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I’m studying French, and he/she is studying Chinese
- too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她學法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xüé
- Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is studying French.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >德文</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Déwén</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>German</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她學法文，他/她也學德文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xüé Fàwén, tā
- yě xüé Déwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is studying French, and he/she is studying German
- too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我學法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xüé
- Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I’m studying French.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >tā</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>he/she</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我學法文，他/她也學法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xüé Fàwén, tā
- yě xüé Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I’m studying French, and he/she is studying French
- too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我學政治學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xüé
- zhèngzhixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I’m studying political science.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >tā</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>he/she</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我學政治學，他/她也學政治學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xüé
- zhèngzhixüé, tā yě xüé
- zhèngzhixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I’m studying political science, and he/she is studying
- political science too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我學政治學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xüé
- zhèngzhixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I’m studying political science.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >經濟學</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jīngjixüé</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>economics</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我學政治學，我也學經濟學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xüé
- zhèngzhixüé, wǒ yě xüé jīngjixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I’m studying political science, and I’m studying economics
- too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我學文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xüé
- wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I’m studying literature.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >歷史</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lìshǐ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>history</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我學文學，我也學歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xüé wénxüé,
- wǒ yě xüé lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I’m studying literature, and I’m studying history
- too.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Combination drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >林先生在華盛頓。他學過法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín xiāngsheng
- zài Huáshèngdùn. Tā xüéguo Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> was in Washington. He studied
- French.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >林先生在華盛頓學過法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lín xiānsheng
- zài Huáshèngdùn xüéguo Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lín</foreignphrase> studied French in
- Washington.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃小姐在美國。她念過政治學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng xiǎojiě
- zài Měiguó. Tā niànguo
- zhèngzhixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> was in America. She studied
- political science.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >黃小姐在美國念過政治學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huáng xiǎojiě
- zài Měiguó niànguo zhènghixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Huáng</foreignphrase> studied political science in
- America.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >劉太太在加州大學。她念過經濟學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú tàitai zài
- Jiāzhōu Dàxüé. Tā niànguo
- jīngjixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Liú</foreignphrase> was in the University of
- California. She studied economics.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >劉太太在加州大學念過經濟學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Liú tàitai zài
- Jiāzhōu Dàxüé niànguo jīngjixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mrs. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Liú</foreignphrase> studied economics in the University
- of California.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >宋先生在美國。他念過歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sòng xiānsheng
- zài Měiguó. Tā niànguo lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sòng</foreignphrase> was in America. He studied
- history.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >宋先生在美國念過歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sòng xiānsheng
- zài Měiguó niànguo lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Mr. <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sòng</foreignphrase> studied history in America.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在北京。他/她學過中文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta zài Běijīng.
- Tā xüéguo Zhōngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was in <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase>. He/she learned Chinese.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在北京學過中文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Běijīng
- xüéguo zhōngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she learned Chinese in <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Běijīng</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >孫小姐在加拿大他念英國文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sūn xiǎojiě zài
- Jiānádà. Tā niànguo Yīngguó
- wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sūn</foreignphrase> was in Canada. She studied
- English.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >孫小姐在加拿大念過英國文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Sūn xiǎojiě zài
- Jiānádà niànguo Yīngguó wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Miss <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Sūn</foreignphrase> studied English in Canada.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在中國。他/她念過中國文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Zhōngguo.
- Tā niànguo Zhōngguo wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she was in China. He/she studied Chinese
- literature.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在中國念過中國文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài Zhōngguo
- niànguo Zhōngguo wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she studied Chinese literature in China.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title> Give an affirmative or a negative response to each question, according
- to the cues.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説英文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Yīngwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak English?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >學過</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xüéguo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>have studied</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我會説一點。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ huì shuō
- yìdiǎn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I can speak a little.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説英文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Yīngwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak English?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒學過</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi
- xüéguo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>haven’t studied</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我不會説。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ bú huì
- shuō.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I can’t speak it.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説中文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Zhōngwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak Chinese?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >學過</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xüéguo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>have studied</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我會説一點。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ huì shuō
- yìdiǎn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I can speak Chinese a little.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她會説德文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā huì shuō
- Déwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can he/she speak German?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒學過</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi
- xüéguo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>haven’t studied</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她不會説。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú huì
- shuō.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He cannot speak it.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説日文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Rìwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak Japanese?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >學過</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xüéguo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>have studied</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我會説一點。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ huì shuō
- yìdiǎn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I can speak Japanese a little.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她會説英國話嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā huì shuō
- Yīngguó huà ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can he/she speak English?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >學過</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xüéguo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>have studied</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她會説一點。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā huì shuō
- yìdiǎn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she can speak a little.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會説法文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì shuō
- Fàwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can you speak French?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒學過</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi
- xüéguo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>haven’t studied</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我不會説。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ bú huì
- shuō.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I cannot speak it.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title> Give an affirmative or a negative response to each question, according
- to the cues.</title>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她會説中國話嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā huì shuō
- Zhōngguo huà ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can he/she speak Chinese?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >學過</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xüéguo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>have studied</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >會，他/她會説中國話。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huì, tā huì shuō
- Zhōngguo huà.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, he/she can speak Chinese.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她會説中國嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā huì shuō
- Zhōngguo huà ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can he/she speak Chinese?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒學過</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi
- xüéguo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>haven’t studied</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不會，他/她會説中國話。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú huì, tā bú
- huì shuō Zhōngguo huà.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, he/she cannot speak Chinese.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她愛人會説法文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā àiren huì
- shuō Fàwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can his/her spouse speak French?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >學過</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xüéguo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>have studied</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >會，他/她愛人會説法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huì, tā airen
- huì shuō Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, his/her spouse can speak French.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她父親會説日文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā fùqin huì
- shuō Rìwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can his/her father speak Japanese?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒學過</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi
- xüéguo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>haven’t studied</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不會，他父親不會説日文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú huì, tā fùqin
- bú huì shuō Rìwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, his/her father cannot speak Japanese.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >李同志會説德文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Lǐ tóngzhì huì
- shuō Déwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> speak German?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒學過</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi
- xüéguo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>haven’t studied</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >不會，李同志不會説德文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bú huì, Lǐ
- tóngzhì bú huì shuō Déwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>No, Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Lǐ</foreignphrase> cannot speak German.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >王同志會説英文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wáng tóngzhì huì
- shuō Yīngwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> speak English?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >學過</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xüéguo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>have studied</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >會，王同志會説英文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huì, Wáng
- tóngzhì huì shuō Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Wáng</foreignphrase> can speak English.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >陳同志會説法文嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Chén tóngzhì huì
- shuō Fàwén ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Can Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> speak French?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >學過</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xüéguo</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>have studied</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >會，陳同志會説法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huì, Chén
- tóngzhì huì shuō Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Yes, Comrade <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Chén</foreignphrase> can speak French.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Unit 8</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Introduction</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Topics covered in this unit</title>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>More on duration phrases.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase> for new situations in negative sentences.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Military titles and branches of service.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >ne</foreignphrase>.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Process verbs.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Material you will need</title>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>The C-l and P-1 tapes, the Reference List and Reference Notes.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The C-2 and P-2 tapes, the Workbook.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>The 8D-1 tape.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>References</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Reference List</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jīntiān hái yǒu
- kè ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你今天還有課嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Do you have any more classes today?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Měiyou kè
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒有課了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I don’t have any more classes.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ cóngqián niàn
- Yīngwén niànle duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你從前念英文唸了多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long did you study English?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ niàn Yīngwén
- niànle liùnián.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我念英文唸了六年。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I studied English for six years.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ xiànzài niàn
- shénme ne?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你現在念什麼呢？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What are you studying now?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ niàn Fàwén
- ne.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我念法文</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m studying French.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ niàn Fàwén
- niànle duó jiǔ le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你念法文唸了多久了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long have you studying French?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ niànle yìnián
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我念了一年了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’ve have been studying it for one year.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì xiě Zhōngguo
- zì ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會寫中國字嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Can you write Chinese characters?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huì
- yìdiǎn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >會一點。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I can a little.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qùnián wǒ hái bú
- huì xiě.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >去年我還不會寫。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Last year, I couldn’t write them.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xiànzài wǒ huì xiě
- yìdiǎn le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >現在我會寫一點了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Now, I can write a little.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ fùqin shi jǖnrén
- ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你父親是軍人嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Is your father a military man?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, tā shi hǎijǖn
- jǖnguān.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是，他是海軍軍官。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yes, he is a naval officer.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ jīntiān bù lái
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我今天不來了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m not coming today.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ bìng
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我病了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m sick.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jīntiān hǎo le
- méiyou?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >今天好了沒有？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Are you better today? (Are you recovered?)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jīntiān hǎo
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >今天好了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Today I’m better.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Vocabulary</title>
- <para/>
- <informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="striped" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.5*"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >kōngjǖn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">空軍</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Air Force</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lùjǖn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">陸軍</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>army</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >shìbīng</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">事兵</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>enlisted man</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">zuò
- shì</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">做事</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to work</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Déwén</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">德文</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>German language</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >bìng</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">病</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to become ill</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Déwén</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">德文</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>German language</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Fàwén</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">法文</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>French language</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >hǎijǖn</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">海軍</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>navy</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǖnguān</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">軍官</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>military officer</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǖnrén</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">軍人</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>military person</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >kè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">課</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>class</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xiě</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">寫</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>to write</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zì</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">字</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>character</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Reference Notes</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №1</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>1.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ jīntiān hái
- yǒu kè ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你今天還有課嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Do you have any more classes today?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Měiyou kè
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >沒有課了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I don’t have any more classes.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hái</foreignphrase>,
- “additionally,” “also”: You have already learned the word <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hái</foreignphrase> used as an adverb meaning
- “still.” In this exchange you learn a second way to use <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hái</foreignphrase>.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ hái
- xiǎng zǒu ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Do you still want to leave?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ hái yào
- xüé shénme?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What else do you want to study?</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méi you...le</foreignphrase>:
- You will remember that in the negative of a completed action, <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi</foreignphrase> or <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méiyou</foreignphrase> replaces the
- completion marker <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>—is never used together with it.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He came.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méi(you)</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >lái.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>He did not come.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>In the sentence <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méiyou kè
- le</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase> is a new-situation marker, and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méiyou</foreignphrase> is simply the negative
- of the full verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >yǒu</foreignphrase>. (Remember that the verb <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu</foreignphrase> is always made negative
- with <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi</foreignphrase>, never
- with <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bù</foreignphrase>.)<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c6" colnum="5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu
- kè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Now he has class. [Due to a change in the schedule,
- he now has class at this time.]</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Tā</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méi-</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">yǒu
- kè</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He doesn’t have any more classes.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >Bù...le/méiyou...le</foreignphrase>: When the marker <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> for new situations is used
- with a negative verb, there are two possible meanings: </para>
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>one is that something that was supposed to happen is now not going
- to happen.</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para> the other is that something that was happening is not happening
- anymore. </para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
- <para>Thus the following sentence is ambiguous:<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle"><foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bù lái
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>
- <para>He is not coining now. [Either he was expected to
- come but changed his mind, or he used to come at
- this time but now has stopped.]</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>In the context of a conversation, the meaning of the sentence would become
- clear. </para>
- <para>Here are more examples with the “anymore” meaning:<informaltable
- frame="none">
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú niàn
- shū le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He is not going to study anymore.[He will no longer
- attend college.]</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú shi
- wǒ de péngyou le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He is not my friend anymore.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méi you
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>There is no more.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №2</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>2.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ cóngqián
- niàn Yīngwén niànle duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你從前念英文唸了多久？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long did you study English?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ niàn Yīngwén
- niànle liǔnián.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我念英文唸了六年。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I studied English for six years.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">More on duration:</emphasis> In Unit 6 of this
- module, you learned to express duration in a sentence with no object
- (<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zài Xiāngǎng zhùle liùge
- yüè le.</foreignphrase> ). In this unit, you learn one way to express
- the duration of an activity which involves using both a verb and an object
- (e.g. “studying economics”). In such cases, the verb appears twice in the
- sentence: first when the object is stated, and again when the duration is stated.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn
- jīngjixüé, niànle yìnián.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He studied economics for one year.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xüé
- Zhōngguo huà, xüéle sānge yüè
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>
- <para>He has been studying Chinese for three
- months.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>Notice that aspect markers do not occur after the first verb in each
- sentence, but only after the second verb and at the end of the second
- sentence.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №3</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>3.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ xiànzài niàn
- shénme ne?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你現在念什麼呢？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>What are you studying now?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ niàn Fàwén
- ne.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我念法文</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m studying French.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ne</foreignphrase> is an aspect
- marker used to emphasize the fact that something is in progress. With action
- verbs, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ne</foreignphrase>
- indicates that the action is going on.</para>
- <para>With state verbs, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >ne</foreignphrase> shows that the state exists. With some process
- verbs, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">ne</foreignphrase>
- indicates that the process is going on. <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ne</foreignphrase> may not be used with
- certain process verbs. (See also notes on No. 8, about verbs.)</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №4–5</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>4.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ niàn Fàwén
- niànle duó jiǔ le?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你念法文唸了多久了？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>How long have you studying French?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ niànle
- yìnián le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我念了一年了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’ve have been studying it for one year.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>5.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ huì xiě
- Zhōngguo zì ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你會寫中國字嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Can you write Chinese characters?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huì
- yìdiǎn.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >會一點。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I can a little.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xiě Zhōngguo zì</foreignphrase>:
- The verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiě</foreignphrase>, “to
- write” can occur with specific objects, such as <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Zhōngguo zì</foreignphrase>, as well as with
- the general object <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >zì</foreignphrase>. The combination <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiě zì</foreignphrase> can mean either “to
- write characters” or simply “to write.”</para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiǎng xüé
- Zhōngguo zì.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He wants to learn to write Chinese characters.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xiǎo dìdi sìsuì
- le, yǐjīng huì xiě zì le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Little younger brother is four years old and already can
- write.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>In the reply <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Huì
- yìdiǎn</foreignphrase>, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >huì</foreignphrase> is used as a main verb—not as an auxiliary verb, as
- in the question. </para>
- <para>As a main verb, <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >huì</foreignphrase> means “to have the skill of,” “to have the
- knowledge of,” “to know.”<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ huì
- Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I know English.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №6</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>6.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qùnián wǒ hái
- bú huì xiě.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >去年我還不會寫。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Last year, I couldn’t write them.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xiànzài wǒ huì
- xiě yìdiǎn le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >現在我會寫一點了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Now, I can write a little.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Qùnián wǒ hái bú huì
- xiě.</foreignphrase>: Notice that here it is the auxiliary verb
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">huì</foreignphrase>, not the
- verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiě</foreignphrase>, that is
- made negative. Auxiliary verbs such as <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">huì</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">xiǎng</foreignphrase> are STATE verbs and so
- are made negative with the prefix <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >bù</foreignphrase>, regardless of whether the context is past, present,
- or future.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Xiànzài wǒ huì xiě yìdiǎn
- le.</foreignphrase>: The marker used is <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> for new situations. It is
- always placed at the end of a sentence.</para>
- <para>The time word <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >xiànzài</foreignphrase> comes at the beginning of the sentence here.
- Most time words of more than one syllable may come either <emphasis
- role="bold">before</emphasis> or <emphasis role="bold">after</emphasis>
- the <emphasis role="bold">subject</emphasis>, but in either case <emphasis
- role="bold"><emphasis role="underline">before the
- verb</emphasis></emphasis>.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №7–8</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>7.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ fùqin shi
- jǖnrén ma?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >你父親是軍人嗎？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Is your father a military man?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Shì, tā shi
- hǎijǖn jǖnguān.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >是，他是海軍軍官。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yes, he is a naval officer.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>8.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ jīntiān bù
- lái le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我今天不來了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m not coming today.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ bìng
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我病了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>I’m sick.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>The verb <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bìng</foreignphrase>,
- “to get sick,” “to become ill,” is a process verb; that is the activity
- described includes some changes in the situation. Process verbs tell of an
- action which has caused a change from one state to another, as from whole to
- broken (“to break”) and from frozen to melted (“to melt”). <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Bìng</foreignphrase> is typical of process
- verbs: not only is an action described (coming down with an illness) but
- also a resulting state (being ill). Because of this typical combination,
- process verbs are sometimes thought of as combining the semantic
- characteristics of action and state verbs.</para>
- <para>One of the main purposes of talking about verbs in terms of action, state,
- and process is to draw attention to the fact that the Chinese way of
- expressing something may not correspond to the English. </para>
- <para>For instance,</para>
- <para>“I am sick” in Chinese is <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ
- bìng le. </foreignphrase>(“I have gotten sick”). For “I am not sick,”
- you say <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ méi
- bìng.</foreignphrase> (“I didn’t get sick”).</para>
- <para>Process verbs are always made negative with <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi</foreignphrase> regardless of whether you
- are referring to past, present, or future.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ bìng le
- méiyou?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Are you sick?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Méiyou. Wǒ
- méi bing.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>No. I’m not sick.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>(State verbs are always made negative with <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bù</foreignphrase>.)</para>
- <para>Another reason for putting verbs into categories according to the type of
- meaning is to discover how verbs behave in sentences. Knowing whether a verb
- is in the action, state, or process category, you will know what aspect
- markers and negatives may be used with that verb. In the following charts,
- an X mark means that this combination of verb and aspect occurs in the language.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="0.5*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry morerows="1" namest="c1" nameend="c2"/>
- <entry namest="c3" nameend="c5" align="center">Aspect
- Markers</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>Completion <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Combined <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>New-situation <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry morerows="2" valign="middle">Verbs</entry>
- <entry>Action</entry>
- <entry align="center">X</entry>
- <entry>X</entry>
- <entry>X</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>State</entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry>X</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>Process</entry>
- <entry>X</entry>
- <entry>X</entry>
- <entry>X</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Examples:</emphasis><footnote>
- <para>Most of the time you can figure out from a verb’s meaning the
- semantic category in which that verb belongs. However, process verbs
- may not be so predictable.</para>
- </footnote><informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry morerows="2">Action</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zuótiān
- gōngzuò le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He worked yesterday. (completion <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā yǐjīng
- lái le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He has already come. (combined <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Gēge
- xiànzài niàn dàxüé le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Older brother goes to college now. (new-situation
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>)<footnote>
- <para>In affirmative sentences containing action
- verbs, the marker <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> for
- new situations is used to describe a change in a
- general habit.</para>
- </footnote></entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>State</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài
- huì xiě zì le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He can write now. (new-situation <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry morerows="2">Process</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zuótiān
- bìng le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He got sick yesterday. (completion <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài
- bìng le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He is sick.(combined <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bìngle
- yíge yüé le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He has been sick for one month now. (new-situation
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>) and completion <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase>)</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="3.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colname="c5" colnum="5" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry namest="c1" nameend="c2" morerows="1"/>
- <entry namest="c3" nameend="c5" align="center">Verbs</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry align="center">Action</entry>
- <entry align="center">State</entry>
- <entry align="center">Process</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry morerows="2" valign="middle">Negation</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >bù</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>X</entry>
- <entry>X</entry>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >méi(you)</foreignphrase>—negation of completion
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>X</entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>X</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hái
- méi</foreignphrase>—negation of combined
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>X</entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>X</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </para>
- <para><emphasis role="bold">Examples: </emphasis><informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry morerows="2" valign="middle" align="center"
- >Action</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú niàn
- shū.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He doesn’t (isn’t going to) study</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā méi niàn
- shū.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He didn’t study.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- niàn shū.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He hasn’t studied yet,</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry align="center">State</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā qǜnián
- bù xiǎng niàn shū.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Last year, she didn’t want to study.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry align="center" morerows="1" valign="middle"
- >Process</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jīntiān
- méi bìng.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He is not sick today.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- hǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He hasn’t yet recovered.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>Notice that only action verbs use the whole range of negatives to mark the
- negative of future or present action, completed action, or new situations.
- State verbs use the negative prefix <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bù</foreignphrase> even when referring to
- past states. Process verbs use the negative prefix <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi</foreignphrase> even when referring to
- something in the present.</para>
- <para>If you find a verb occurring with a negative or an aspect marker you had
- not expected, you might discuss with your teacher how the verb behaves in
- terms of these charts. You might discover that what you thought was a state
- verb is actually a process verb, or vice versa.</para>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Notes on №9</title>
- <informaltable frame="none" rowsep="0" colsep="0">
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="1.0*" align="center"/>
- <colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="3.0*"/>
- <colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="5.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>9.</entry>
- <entry>A:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jīntiān hǎo le
- méiyou?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >今天好了沒有？</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Are you better today? (Are you recovered?)</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry/>
- <entry>B:</entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jīntiān hǎo
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >今天好了。</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Today I’m better.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jīntiān hǎo le.</foreignphrase>:
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Hǎo</foreignphrase> is one of
- many state verbs which can become process verbs. When such a verb becomes a
- process verb, it takes on a different meaning. While the state verb
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hǎo</foreignphrase> means “to
- be good” or “to be well,” the process verb <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hǎo</foreignphrase> means “to get better,”
- “to recover.” Compare these sentences:<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā
- hǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>He’s in good health.</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zuótiān
- bìng le. Tā jīntiān yǐjīng hǎo
- le.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Yesterday he became sick. Today he is already
- recovered.</entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>The difference between the state verb <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hǎo</foreignphrase> and the process verb
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hǎo</foreignphrase> is even
- more evident in negative sentences. State verbs, as you remember, are made
- negative only with <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >bù</foreignphrase>. Process verbs are made negative only with
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méi</foreignphrase> or
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hái méi</foreignphrase>.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bù
- hǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>
- <para>He’s not good. [He’s not a good person.]</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- hǎo.</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>
- <para>He hasn’t yet recovered. [He is still
- sick.]</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- <para>It can be difficult to remember that <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">bìng</foreignphrase> and <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">hǎo</foreignphrase>, sometimes translated as
- “<emphasis role="bold">to be sick</emphasis>” and “<emphasis role="bold"
- >to be better</emphasis>,” are actually process verbs in Chinese, not
- state verbs.</para>
- <para> The English sentence “I am better (recovered)” translates as
- <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ hǎo le.</foreignphrase> (“I
- have become well”) and would be incorrect without the <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase>.</para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Jīntiān hǎo le
- méiyou?</foreignphrase> Questions may be formed from statements
- containing completion <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >le</foreignphrase> or combined <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">le</foreignphrase> by adding <foreignphrase
- xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">méiyou</foreignphrase> at the end of the
- statements.</para>
- <para> You will learn more about forming questions in the first unit of the next module.<informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā láile
- méiyou?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>Did he come?</entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Nǐ hǎole
- méiyou?</foreignphrase></entry>
- <entry>
- <para> Are you recovered (from your illness)?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable></para>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title>Drills</title>
- <para/>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她今天還有課嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jīntiān hái
- yǒu kè ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he have any more class today?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她沒有課了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā méiyou kè
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He doesn’t have any more classes.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她今天還來嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā jīntiān hái
- lái ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is he/she still coming today?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她不來了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bù lái
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is not coming.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在還會説中國話嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài hái
- huì shuō Zhōngguo huà ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she still speak Chinese now?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她不會説中國話了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú huì shuō
- Zhōngguò huà le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she can’t speak Chinese anymore.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在還有中國書嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài hái
- yǒu Zhōngguo shū ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she still have Chinese books now?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她沒有中國書了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā méiyou
- Zhōngguo shū le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has no more Chinese books anymore.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還念歷史嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái niàn
- lìshǐ ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she still study history?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她不念歷史了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú niàn lìshǐ
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she doesn’t study history anymore.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在還在空軍工作嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài hái
- zài kōngjǖn gōngzuò ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Is he/she still working in the Air Force?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她不在空軍工作。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bú zài
- kōngjǖn gōngzuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she does not work in the Air Force anymore.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在還想走嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài hái
- xiǎng zǒu ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Does he/she still want to leave now?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她不想走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā bù xiǎng zǒu
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she doesn’t want to go anymore.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Expansion drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前念歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián niàn
- lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she formerly studied history.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前念歷史，現在不念了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián niàn
- lìshǐ, xiànzài bú niàn le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she formerly studied history, but now he/she doesn’t
- anymore.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前唸書。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián niàn
- shū.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she used to study.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前唸書，現在不念了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián niàn
- shū, xiànzài bú niàn le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she used to study, now he/she doesn’t anymore.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前在陸軍做事。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián zài
- lùjǖn zuò shì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she used to be in the Army.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前在陸軍做事，現在不在陸軍做事了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián zài
- lùjǖn zuò shì, xiànzài bú zài lùjǖn zuò shì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she used to be in the Army, but he/she doesn’t
- anymore.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不會。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bú
- huì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she used to not.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不會，現在會了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bú
- huì, xiànzài huì le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she used to not, but now he/she does.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不知道。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bù
- zhīdào.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she never knew before.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不知道，現在知道了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bù
- zhīdào, xiànzài zhīdào le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she never knew before, but he/she knows now.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她中文從前不很好。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de Zhōngwén
- cóngqián bù hěn hǎo.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she wasn’t very good at Chinese.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她中文從前不很好，現在很好了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā de Zhōngwén
- cóngqián bù hěn hǎo, xiànzài hěn hǎo
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she wasn’t very good at Chinese, but he/she is
- now.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前會説法國話。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián huì
- shuō Fàguó huà.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she used to speak French.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前會説法國話，現在不會了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián huì
- shuō Fàguó huà, xiànzài bú huì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she used to speak French, now he/she doesn’t.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念過政治學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niànguo
- zhèngzhixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has studied political science.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >多久</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how long</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她念政治學，
- 唸了多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn
- zhèngzhixüé, niànle duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long did he/she study political science?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念過經濟學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niànguo
- jīngjixüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has studied economics.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >幾年</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǐnián</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how many years</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念經濟學，唸了幾年？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn
- jīngjixüé, niànle jǐnián?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many years did he/she study economics?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念過中國文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niànguo
- Zhōngguo wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has studied literature.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >多久</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how long</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念中國文學，唸了多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn Zhōngguo
- wénxüé, niànle duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long did he/she study literature?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她學過日文？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xüéguo
- Rìwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has learned Japanese.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >幾個月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jǐge
- yüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how many months</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她學日文，學了幾個月？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xüé Rìwén,
- xüéle jǐge yüè?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para> How many months did he/she learn Japanese?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在空軍做過事。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài kōngjǖn
- zuòguo shì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has worked in the Air Force.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >多久</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how long</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在空軍做事，做了多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài kōngjǖn
- zuò shì, zuòle duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long did he/she work in the Air Force?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念過中國歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niànguo
- Zhōngguo lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has studied Chinese history.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >多久</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how long</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念中國歷史，唸了多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn Zhōngguo
- lìshǐ, niànle duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long did he/she study history?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念過英國文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niànguo
- Yīngguó wénxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has studied English literature.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >幾年</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǐnián</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how many years</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念英國文學，唸了幾年？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn Yīngguó
- wénxüé, niànle jǐniàn?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many years did he/she study literature?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在念歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài niàn
- lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is studying history now.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >多久</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how long</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念歷史，唸了多久了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn lìshǐ,
- niànle duó jiǔ le? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long has he been studying history?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在學日文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài xüé
- Rìwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is studying Japanese now.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >幾個月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jǐge
- yüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how many months</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她學日文，學了幾個月？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xüé Rìwén,
- xüéle jǐge yüè?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many months has he been studying Japanese?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在念英文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài niàn
- Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is studying English now.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >幾個月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jǐge
- yüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how many months</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念了英文，唸了幾個月了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niànle
- Yīngwén, niànle jǐge yüè le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many months has he been studying English?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在在海軍做事。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài zài
- hǎijǖn zuò shì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is now working in the Navy.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >幾年</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǐnián</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how many years</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在海軍做事，作了幾年了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài hǎijǖn
- zuò shì, zuòle jǐnián le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many years has he been working in the Navy?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在學中國話。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài xüé
- Zhōngguo huà.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is learning Chinese now.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >多久</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how long</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她中國話，學了多久了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xüé Zhōngguo
- huà, xüéle duó jiǔ le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long has he/she been learning Chinese?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在在陸軍做事。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài zài
- lùjǖn zuò shì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is working in the Army now.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >幾年</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jínián</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how many years</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在陸軍做事，作了幾年了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài lùjǖn zuò
- shì, zuòle jǐnián le? </foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many years has he/she been working in the Army?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在在銀行做事。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Ta xiànzài zài
- yínháng zuò shì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is working in a bank now.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >幾年</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
- >jǐnián</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how many years</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在銀行做事，作了幾年了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài yínháng
- zuò shì, zuòle jǐnián le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How many years has he/she been working in the bank?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在還念歷史呢。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài hái
- niàn lìshǐ ne.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is still studying history.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >多久</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how long</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念歷史，還想念多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn lìshǐ,
- hái xiǎng niàn duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How much longer is he/she going to study history?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在還念中國文學呢。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài hái
- niàn Zhōngguo wènxüé ne.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is still studying Chinese literature.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >多久</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how long</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念中國歷史，還想念多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn Zhōngguo
- wènxüé, hái xiǎng niàn duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How much longer is he/she going to study Chinese
- literature?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在還學日文呢。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài hái
- xüé Rìwén ne.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is still learning Japanese.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >幾個月</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">jǐge
- yüè</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how many months</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她學日文，還想學幾個月？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xüé Rìwén,
- hái xiǎng xüé jǐge yüè?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How much longer is he/she going to learn Japanese?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在還在陸軍做事呢。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài hái
- zài lùjǖn zuò shì ne.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is still working for the Army.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >多久</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how long</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在陸軍做事，還想做多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài lùjǖn zuò
- shì, hái xiǎng zuò duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在還學中國話呢。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài hái
- xüé Zhōngguo huà ne.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is still learning Chinese.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >多久</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how long</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她學中國話
- 他/她在陸軍做事，還想學多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xüé Zhōngguo
- huà, hái xiǎng xüé duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is he/she going to learn Chinese?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在還念政治學呢。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xianzài hái
- niàn zhèngzhixüé ne.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is still studying political science.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >多久</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how long</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念政治學，還想念多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn
- zhèngzhixüé, hái xiǎng niàn duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is he/she going to study political
- science?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在還唸經濟學呢。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài hái
- niàn jīngjixüé ne.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is still studying economics.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >多久</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">duó
- jiǔ</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how long</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念經濟學，還想年多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn
- jīngjixüé, hái xiǎng niàn duó
- jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long is he/she going to study economics?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在念歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài niàn
- lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He is studying history now.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念歷史，唸了多久了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn lìshǐ,
- niànle duó jiǔ le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long has he studied history?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念過歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niànguo
- lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He studied history.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念歷史，唸了對久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn lìshǐ,
- niànle duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long did he study history?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在還念歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài hái
- niàn lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is still studying history.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念歷史，還想念多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn lìshǐ,
- hái xiǎng niàn duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long does he/she plan to study history?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在念中國文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài niàn
- Zhōngguo wènxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is now studying Chinese literature.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念中國文學，唸了多久了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn Zhōngguo
- wènxüé, niànle duó jiǔ le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long has he/she been studying Chinese
- literature?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念過中國文學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niànguo
- Zhōngguo wènxüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has studied Chinese literature.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念中國文學，唸了多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn Zhōngguo
- wènxüé, niànle duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long did he/she study Chinese literature?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在還念日文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài hái
- niàn Rìwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is still studying Japanese.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念日文，還想念多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn Rìwén，
- hái xiǎng niàn duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long does he/she plan to study Japanese?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念過日文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niànguo
- Rìwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has studied Chinese.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她念日文，唸了多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā niàn Rìwén,
- niànle duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long has he/she been studying Japanese?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">8.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她學過英文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xüéguo
- Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she has learned English.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她學英文，學了多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xüé Yīngwén,
- xüéle duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long has he/she been learning English?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">9.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在還學英文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài hái
- xüé Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she is still learning English.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她學英文，還想學多久？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xüé Yīngwén,
- hái xiǎng xüé duó jiǔ?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>How long does he/she plan to learn English.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">10.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她現在在空軍做事。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiànzài zài
- kōngjǖn zuò shì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she now works for the Air Force.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她在空軍做事，做了多久了？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zài kōngjǖn
- zuò shì, zuòle duó jiǔ le?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>how long has he/she been working for the Air Force?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Expansion drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她寫了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xiě le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she write?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒寫。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- xiě.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she still hasn’t written.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她來了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā lái le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she come?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she still hasn’t come.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她好了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hǎo le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she get better?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒好。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- hǎo.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she still hasn’t got better.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她懂了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā dǒng le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she understand?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒懂。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- dǒng.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she still hasn’t understood.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她走了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā zǒu le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she leave?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she still hasn’t left?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她聽了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā tīng le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she listen?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒聽。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- tīng.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she still hasn’t listened?</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她學了嗎？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā xüé le
- ma?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>Did he/she learn?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還沒學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái méi
- xüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she still hasn’t learned.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不會寫中國字。現在呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bú
- huì xiě Zhōngguo zì. Xiànzài ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she couldn’t write Chinese characters. And
- now?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還不會寫中國字。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái bú huì
- xiě Zhōngguo zì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she still can’t write Chinese characters.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不想學日文。現在呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bù
- xiǎng xüé Rìwén. Xiànzài ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t want to learn Japanese. And
- now?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還不想學日文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái bù xiǎng
- xüé Rìwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she still doesn’t want to learn Japanese. </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不念歷史。現在呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bú
- niàn lìshǐ. Xiànzài ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t learn history. And now?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還不念歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái bú niàn
- lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she still doesn’t learn history.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不董法文。現在呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bù
- dǒng Fàwén. Xiànzài ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t understand French. And
- now?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還不董法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái bù dǒng
- Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she still doesn’t understand French.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她們沒有孩子。現在呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen cóngqián
- méiyou háizi. Xiànzài ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past they didn’t have children. And now?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她們還沒有孩子。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tāmen hái méiyou
- háizi.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>They still doesn’t have any children.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她從前不會説德國話
- 。現在呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bú
- huì shuō Déguó huà. Xiànzài ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she couldn’t speak German. And now?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">他/她還不會説德國話
- 。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái bú huì
- shuō Déguó huà.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she still doesn’t speak German.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不想學英文。現在呢？</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bù
- xiǎng xüé Yīngwén. Xiànzài ne?</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t want to learn English. And
- now?</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她還不想學英文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā hái bù xiǎng
- xüé Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>He/she still doesn’t want to learn English.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Response drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="2.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol5" colnum="5" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c4" colnum="6" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Cue<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不會寫中國字。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bú
- huì xiě Zhōngguo zì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past, he/she couldn’t write Chinese
- characters.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>now he/she can</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不會寫，現在會寫了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bú
- huì xiě, xiànzài huì xiě le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past, he/she couldn’t write, now he/she can.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前會寫中國字。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián huì
- xiě Zhōngguo zì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she could write Chinese characters</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>no longer</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前會寫，現在不會寫了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián huì
- xiě, xiànzài bú huì xiě le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she could write, now he/she can’t.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不會寫中國字。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bú
- huì xiě Zhōngguo zì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she couldn’t write Chinese
- characters.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>still can’t</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不會寫，現在還不會寫。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bú
- huì xiě, xiànzài hái bú huì xiě.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she couldn’t write, now he/she still
- can’t.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不董法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bù
- dǒng Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t understand French.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>now he/she can</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不董，現在董了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bù
- dǒng, xiànzài dǒng le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t understand, now he/she
- can.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前董法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián dǒng
- Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she did understand French.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>no longer</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前董，現在不董了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián
- dǒng, xiànzài bù dǒng le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she did understand, now he/she cannot
- anymore.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不董法文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bù
- dǒng Fàwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t understand French.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>still can’t</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不董，現在還不董。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bù
- dǒng, xiànzài hái bù dǒng.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t understand, now he/she still
- can’t.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不想學英文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bù
- xiǎng xüé Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t want to learn English.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>now he/she does</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不想學，現在想學了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bù
- xiǎng xüé, xiànzài xiǎng xüé le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t want to learn, now he/she wants
- to.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">8.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前想學英文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián
- xiǎng xüé Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she did want to learn English.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>no longer</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前想學，現在不想學了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián
- xiǎng xüé, xiànzài bù xiǎng xüé
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she did want to learn, now he/she doesn’t
- want to anymore.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">9.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不想學英文。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bù
- xiǎng xüé Yīngwén.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t want to learn English.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>still doesn’t</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不想學，現在還不想學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bù
- xiǎng xüé, xiànzài hái bù xiǎng
- xüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t want to learn, now he/she still
- doesn’t want to. </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">10.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不念歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bú
- niàn lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t study history.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>now he/she does</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不念，現在念了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bú
- niàn, xiànzài niàn le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t study, now she does
- study.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">11.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前念歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián niàn
- lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she did study history.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>no longer</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前念，現在不念了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián
- niàn, xiànzài bú niàn le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she did study, now he/she doesn’t
- anymore.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">12.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不念歷史。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bú
- niàn lìshǐ.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t study history.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para>still doesn’t</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >他/她從前不念，現在還不念。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Tā cóngqián bú
- niàn, xiànzài hái bú niàn.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>In the past he/she didn’t study, now he/she still
- doesn’t.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- <?custom-pagebreak?>
- <section>
- <title> Transformation drill</title>
- <para/>
- <table frame="none" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
- <title/>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <colspec colname="newCol3" colnum="3" colwidth="0.1*"/>
- <colspec colname="c3" colnum="4" colwidth="4.0*"/>
- <thead>
- <row>
- <entry><?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry align="center"
- >Question<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry align="center"
- >Answer<?dbhtml bgcolor="#b3d9ff" ?><?dbfo bgcolor="#b3d9ff"?></entry>
- </row>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"> 1. </entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我寫字了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiě zì
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I wrote.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我寫字了，他/她沒寫字。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xiě zì le, tā
- méi xiě zì.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I wrote, he/she didn’t write.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">2.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我懂了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ dǒng
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I understood.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我懂了，他/她沒董。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ dǒng le, tā
- méi dǒng.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I understood, he/she didn’t.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">3.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我來了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ lái
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I came.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我來了，他/她沒來。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ lái le, tā
- méi lái.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I came, he/she didn’t.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">4.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我走了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zǒu
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I left.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我走了，他/她沒走。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zǒu le, tā
- méi zǒu.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I left, he/she didn’t.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">5.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我坐了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zuò
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I sat.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我坐了，她沒坐。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ zuò le, tā
- méi zuò.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I sat, he/she didn’t.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">6.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我聽了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ tīng
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I listened.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我聽了，他/她沒聽。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ tīng le, tā
- méi tīng.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I listened, he/she didn’t.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center"/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- <entry/>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry valign="middle" align="center">7.</entry>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我學了。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xüé
- le.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I learned.</para>
- </entry>
- <entry/>
- <entry>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
- >我學了，她沒學。</foreignphrase></para>
- <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin">Wǒ xüé le, tā
- méi xüé.</foreignphrase></para>
- <para>I learned, he/she didn’t.</para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </table>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- </chapter>
|
