FSI-Chinese/Audio-Transcripts/Standard Chinese/Module 02 BIO/FSI - Standard Chinese - Module 02 BIO - Unit 04 - Tape 4C-1.mp3.vtt

WEBVTT

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下载中国文化计划

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文化计划 第四个计划

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解释 第1个

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这个计划是计划

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在这个计划

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你会懂得解释问题和答案

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和解释

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你会记得

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Mr. Martin的妻子

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在计划中

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有几个月后

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这就是他曾经的谈谈

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前面

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听说

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Is your wife coming?

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你爱人来吗?

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你爱人来吗?

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She's coming.

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哈莱

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哈莱

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Here's the verb to come.

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来

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来

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来

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Listen for the verb to come.

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来

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And a live exchange.

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你爱人来吗?

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哈莱

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Again

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你爱人来吗?

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哈莱

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Check your comprehension.

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你爱人来吗?

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Is your wife coming?

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哈莱

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She's coming.

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In English, we may sometimes use a present tense to refer to a future happening.

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In the last exchange, for example,

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She's coming probably doesn't mean that Mrs. Martin is on her way right now.

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Mr. Martin might amplify by saying

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She's coming next month

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using a present tense verb form

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but specifying a future time.

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This is how Chinese always works.

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There are ways of specifying future time

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but there is nothing like a future tense.

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It's the same for specifying past time.

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In English, anything before the time of speaking must have a past tense verb.

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In Chinese, there is no such uniform rule.

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There are, however, several ways of indicating that an event took place before a certain time.

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Unless some other time is specifically mentioned,

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This time is assumed to be the time of speaking.

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For instance,

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Listen to the following exchange.

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Has your wife come?

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你爱人来吗?

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你爱人来吗?

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Yes, she's come.

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她来了.

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来了.她来了.

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Both of these sentences contain the expression Lila.

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The verb lie plus the neutral tone syllable l.

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We translate the expression Lila as has come.

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This translation suggests the two different things indicated by the added syllable l.

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First,

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The fact that the action has been completed.

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In other words,

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That Mrs. Martin came to Peking.

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And second,

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The fact that a new situation has come about.

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In other words,

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That she is in Peking now.

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Because there's the meaning that a new situation has come about,

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The sentence

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Lila

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Could also be translated.

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She's here.

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Later you will find that Chinese can indicate either of the two meanings separately.

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Either the completion of an action alone,

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Or the coming about of a new situation alone.

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Here's the exchange live.

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你爱人来了吗?

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来了,她来了.

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Again,

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你爱人来了吗?

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来了,她来了.

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Check your comprehension.

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你爱人来了吗?

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As your wife come?

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来了,她来了.

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Yes, she's come.

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Here's another live exchange.

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Listen.

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你朋友也都来了吗?

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他们也都来了.

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Notice the position of the adverbs 也 and 都 before the verb.

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Again.

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你朋友也都来了吗?

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他们也都来了.

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Check your comprehension.

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你朋友也都来了吗?

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Have your friends all come too?

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他们也都来了.

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They've all come too.

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Let's go back to the situation where Mr. Martin is alone in Peking and listen to him say that his wife has not come to China.

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Has your wife come too?

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你爱人也来了吗?

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你爱人也来了吗?

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She hasn't come yet.

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她还没来.

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她还没来.

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Compare this negative answer with the affirmative answer you heard earlier to the same question.

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There's more difference than you would expect.

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She has come.

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她来了.

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She hasn't come yet.

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她还没来.

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她还没来.

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First, the negative of a completed action expression is indicated by putting the syllable may in front of the verb.

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May lie.

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Second, the fact that we are talking about the situation as of now is indicated by adding the adverb high.

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她还没来.She hasn't come yet. You've had the adverb high translated as still. Here we translate it as yet.

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Both the English sentence, she hasn't come yet, and the Chinese sentence,她还没来.

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Suggest, of course, that she is coming sometime.

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If you knew she wasn't planning to come, you'd simply say,她还没来,她还没来,她还没来,她还没来.

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If you knew she wasn't planning to come, you'd simply say,她不来, she's not coming.

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Here's the exchange again, live.

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你爱人也来了吗?

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她还没来.

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Again.

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你爱人也来了吗?

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她还没来.

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Check your comprehension.

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你爱人也来了吗?

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Has your wife come too?

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她还没来.

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She hasn't come yet.

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You'll recognize the 没 in this exchange as the special negative that occurred in 没有 as in the sentence.

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We don't have any children.

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The syllable 没 in 没来 is actually an abbreviation of 没.

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Either 没 or 没 can be used for the negation of a completed action sentence.

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Listen for 没 in this live exchange.

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她来了吗?

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她还没来.

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Again.

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她来了吗?

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她还没来.

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As a review of verbs with and without the markers 没有 and 还没.

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See if you understand the following random sentences.

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她来.

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He's coming.

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她不来.

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He's not coming.

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她来了.

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He's come.

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她还没来.

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She hasn't come yet.

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她不来.

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He isn't coming.

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她还没有来.

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She hasn't come yet.

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她来了.

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She's come.

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她还没来.

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He hasn't come yet.

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The Chinese expression for when is 什么时候?

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Literally, what time?

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You already know the word for what? 什么?

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Listen to the word for time.

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时候.

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Now listen to the expression, what time? That is, when? 什么时候?

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Here's the word for tomorrow. 明天.

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Listen for when? 什么时候?

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And tomorrow, 明天, in this exchange about Mrs. Martin.

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When is she coming? 她什么时候来?

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She's coming tomorrow. 她明天来.

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Here it is live. 她什么时候来?

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Again, 她什么时候来? 她明天来.

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Check your comprehension. 她什么时候来?

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When is she coming? 她明天来.

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She's coming tomorrow. Now listen as Mr. Martin is asked about a friend.

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When is your friend arriving? 女朋友什么时候到?

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He's already arrived. 他已经到了.

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Here's the verb for to arrive. 到.

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And here's the word for already. 已经.

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Here's the exchange live. 已经.

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女朋友什么时候到? 她已经到了.

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Again, 女朋友什么时候到? 她已经到了.

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Check your comprehension. 女朋友什么时候到?

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When is your friend arriving? 她已经到了.

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He's already arrived. Now see if you can understand the following live exchange.

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你爱人孩子已经来了吗? 我爱人已经来了。我孩子还没来。

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Again, 你爱人孩子已经来了吗? 我爱人已经来了。

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我孩子还没来。Check your comprehension. 你爱人孩子已经来了吗?

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Have your wife and children come already? 我爱人已经来了。

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My wife has come already. 我孩子还没来。

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My children haven't come yet. 我孩子还没来。

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As a review of what we've covered so far, make sure you understand the following sentences. 一切是一切是一切。

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她什么时候来? 她什么时候来?

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When is she coming? 她已经到了。

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He has arrived already. 他什么时候到?

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When is she arriving? 她还没到。

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He hasn't arrived yet. 他明天来吗?

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Is she coming tomorrow? 他已经来了吗?

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Has she come already? 他不来。她不来。

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She isn't coming. 她不来。

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You may want to rewind the tape and go over this last exercise again. 你 may want to rewind the tape and go over this last exercise again.

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So far,you haven't had any sentences concerned with when completed actions took place. These sentences don't use the markers啦 and may. The markers啦 and may are used to specify whether or not an action was completed.

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就是,他們是用的 when the center of interest of a sentence is the verb

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but when the action is in the past

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and the center of interest is on something other than the verb

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on the time the action took place for example

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a completely different construction is used

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Let's say that Mrs. Martin arrived yesterday

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Here's the word supre yesterday

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做的天

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Listen to this exchange about when Mrs. Martin arrived

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When did she arrive?

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她是什么时候到的?

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她是什么时候到的?

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She arrived yesterday

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她是昨天到的

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There are two unexpected elements in these sentences

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The first unexpected element is the verb sure

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which appears before the time expressions

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什么时候,when,and昨天

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Yesterday,notice that the verb sure is in the neutral tone

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Listen,when did she arrive?

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她是什么时候到的?

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She arrived yesterday

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她是昨天到的

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Here,the word sure is really a marker

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which identifies the phrase that follows it as the center of interest

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The second unexpected element is the final syllable the

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added to the verb到 to arrive

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Listen for 到的 in the exchange

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When did she arrive?

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她是什么时候到的?

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She arrived yesterday

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她是昨天到的

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You can think of the marker 到的 as substituting for the marker 到的

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when the action is in the past and the center of interest is shifted away from the verb

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Now here's the exchange live

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她是什么时候到的?

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她是昨天到的

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Again

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她是什么时候到的?

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她是昨天到的

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Check your comprehension

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她是什么时候到的?

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When did she arrive?

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她是昨天到的

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She arrived yesterday

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Let's compare a sentence about when an action is going to take place

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with a sentence about when a completed action took place

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Notice the addition of the markers 时 and 得 in the past time sentence

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She's coming tomorrow

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她明天来

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She came yesterday

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她是昨天来的

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Now let's compare a sentence centering on the completion of the past action

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with a sentence centering on when a past action was completed

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Notice the use of 得 when the verb is the center of interest

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and the use of 时 and 得 when the time expression is the center of interest

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She has come

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她来了

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She came yesterday

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她是昨天来的

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Listen to the following live conversation

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你是什么时候到的?

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我是昨天到的

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你爱人也来了吗?

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她还没来

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她什么时候来?

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她明天来

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Again

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你是什么时候到的?

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我是昨天到的

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你爱人也来了吗?

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她还没来

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她什么时候来?

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她明天来

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Check your comprehension

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你是什么时候到的?

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When did you arrive?

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我是昨天到的

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I arrived yesterday

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你爱人也来了吗?

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As your wife come too?

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她还没来

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She hasn't come yet

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她什么时候来?

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When is she coming?

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她明天来

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She's coming tomorrow

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So far all of our examples of the construction with 时 and 得

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have involved time expressions

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But this device may be used to shift the center of interest from the verb

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to another part of the sentence

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Take the following exchange

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Did you come alone?

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你是一个人来的吗?

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No, I didn't come alone

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不是

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我不是一个人来的

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不是

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我不是一个人来的

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You probably recognized 一个人

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as the expression one person

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Here it's being used to describe how Mr. Martin came to China

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that is alone or not alone

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The fact that he did come is assumed

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Notice that in a 时 得 sentence

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the negative goes with the marker 时

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not with the main verb

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The short answer to a question with 时 得

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is also formed with the marker 时

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rather than with the main verb

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Listen to the exchange lie

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你是一个人来的吗?

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不是

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我不是一个人来的

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Again

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你是一个人来的吗?

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不是

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我不是一个人来的

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Check your comprehension

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你是一个人来的吗?

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Did you come alone?

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不是

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我不是一个人来的

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No, I didn't come alone

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The conversation might continue as follows

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Live

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你爱人孩子也都来了吗?

19:04.100 --> 19:06.400
他们也都来了

19:06.400 --> 19:07.900
Again

19:07.900 --> 19:10.600
你爱人孩子也都来了吗?

19:10.600 --> 19:13.300
他们也都来了

19:13.300 --> 19:14.200
Mr. Martin

19:14.200 --> 19:16.300
talking to a certain comment Lin

19:16.300 --> 19:20.000
finds out that she's just been transferred to Chengdu

19:20.000 --> 19:22.400
here's the verb to leave 走

19:22.400 --> 19:26.700
走

19:26.700 --> 19:27.400
and here's the word for today 走

19:27.400 --> 19:29.400
and here's the word for today 走

19:29.400 --> 19:30.900
今天

19:30.900 --> 19:32.500
今天

19:32.500 --> 19:34.600
今天

19:34.600 --> 19:34.600
Listen to the exchange 今天

19:34.600 --> 19:37.200
Listen to the exchange

19:37.200 --> 19:39.000
when are you leaving 你什么时候走

19:39.000 --> 19:41.800
你什么时候走

19:41.800 --> 19:44.900
你什么时候走

19:44.900 --> 19:48.600
I'm leaving today 我今天走

19:48.600 --> 19:51.100
我今天走

19:51.100 --> 19:54.900
Here it is live 你什么时候走

19:54.900 --> 19:57.100
我今天走

19:57.100 --> 19:58.200
Again

19:58.200 --> 20:00.000
你什么时候走

20:00.000 --> 20:01.900
我今天走

20:01.900 --> 20:05.200
Check your comprehension

20:05.200 --> 20:09.000
你什么时候走

20:09.000 --> 20:11.100
When are you leaving?

20:11.100 --> 20:14.700
我今天走

20:14.700 --> 20:17.700
I'm leaving today

20:17.700 --> 20:22.500
Now listen as Mr. Martin asks his question a little differently

20:22.500 --> 20:30.600
What day are you leaving? 你哪天走

20:30.600 --> 20:37.200
I'm leaving today 我今天走

20:37.200 --> 20:39.300
Here's the word for what day?

20:39.300 --> 20:41.600
Literally which day? 哪天

20:41.600 --> 20:47.200
哪天

20:47.200 --> 20:49.900
The word for day is 天

20:49.900 --> 20:51.100
The bound word 哪

20:51.100 --> 20:53.600
which combines with the word 天

20:53.600 --> 20:56.700
to form a compound question word 哪天

20:56.700 --> 20:59.200
Just like the compound question word 哪国

20:59.200 --> 21:01.100
which country?

21:01.100 --> 21:04.600
In this compound and in the words 今天

21:04.600 --> 21:05.900
明天

21:05.900 --> 21:07.500
and 昨天

21:07.500 --> 21:11.300
the bound word 天 day loses its tone

21:11.300 --> 21:13.300
Notice that the word 哪天

21:13.300 --> 21:15.500
like the other time expressions you've had

21:15.500 --> 21:17.900
goes before the verb

21:17.900 --> 21:22.100
Here's the exchange live 你哪天走

21:22.100 --> 21:23.900
我今天走

21:23.900 --> 21:26.600
Again 你哪天走

21:26.600 --> 21:29.100
我今天走

21:29.100 --> 21:34.000
Now listen to the following live exchange 你们走吗?

21:34.000 --> 21:36.000
走 我们走

21:36.000 --> 21:38.900
你们哪天走? 我明天走

21:38.900 --> 21:41.500
我爱人已经走了

21:41.500 --> 21:45.900
她是什么时候走的? 她是昨天走的

21:45.900 --> 21:50.900
Again 你们走吗? 走 我们走

21:50.900 --> 21:53.800
你们哪天走? 我明天走

21:53.800 --> 21:56.300
我爱人已经走了

21:56.300 --> 22:00.900
她是什么时候走的? 她是昨天走的

22:00.900 --> 22:06.500
Check your comprehension 你们走吗?

22:06.500 --> 22:12.800
Are you leaving? 走 我们走

22:12.800 --> 22:18.500
Yes, we're leaving 你们哪天走?

22:18.500 --> 22:24.100
What day are you leaving? 我明天走

22:24.100 --> 22:30.500
I'm leaving tomorrow 我爱人已经走了

22:30.500 --> 22:37.900
My wife has left already 她是什么时候走的?

22:37.900 --> 22:43.500
When did she leave? 她是昨天走的

22:43.500 --> 22:45.900
She left yesterday 她昨天走的

22:45.900 --> 22:50.100
Now here's a live conversation, revealing what you've covered on this tape

22:50.100 --> 22:55.500
Mr. Bauer has just arrived in Peking, and his predecessor Mr. Flynn is about to leave

22:55.500 --> 22:59.000
Listen, Bauer 先生来了吗?

22:59.000 --> 23:00.600
He's already here 他已经来了

23:00.600 --> 23:02.300
When did he arrive? 他是哪天到的?

23:02.300 --> 23:04.300
He arrived yesterday 他是昨天到的

23:04.300 --> 23:07.700
Is Mrs. Bauer here, too? 他还没来

23:07.700 --> 23:11.500
Mr. Bauer came alone 鲍尔先生是一个人来的

23:11.500 --> 23:15.600
Mr. Bauer and the kids are still in the U.S. 鲍尔夫人跟孩子都还在美国

23:15.600 --> 23:17.300
Are they coming? 他们来吗?

23:17.300 --> 23:19.200
Come, they're coming 来,他们来

23:19.200 --> 23:21.700
Where is Mr. Bauer now? 鲍尔先生现在住在哪儿?

23:21.700 --> 23:24.500
He lives in Mr. Flynn's house 他住在菲林先生家

23:24.500 --> 23:28.400
Mr. Flynn hasn't left yet? 他还没走

23:28.400 --> 23:29.700
Mr. Flynn, Mr. Flynn 我们到交资区,唯一的工作人员

23:29.700 --> 23:31.900
Mr. Flynn, Mr. Flynn 我们到交资区,征 종程

23:31.900 --> 23:33.480
Mr. Bauer, Mr. President How do you like Mr. Flynn paid 这个人还 магаз

23:33.480 --> 23:34.800
Mr. Flynn 你 bias行了吗?

23:34.800 --> 23:36.340
Mr. Flynn 你憂恨结果对你压 пih

23:36.340 --> 23:36.920
Mr. Flynn 我给予你 iterations 他颅度不高

23:36.920 --> 23:40.400
Mr. Finn 他就已经在家里 我给予你

23:40.400 --> 23:41.120
Mr. Flynn 我给予你

23:41.120 --> 23:42.920
Mr. Flynn 和他踏上的话

23:42.920 --> 23:44.700
Mr. Flynn 对我认识的

23:44.700 --> 23:46.060
Mr. Flynn 你别想。

23:46.060 --> 23:48.140
Mr. Flynn 好 hurt

23:48.140 --> 23:48.740
Mr. Flynn... 别 anger

23:48.740 --> 23:50.700
Mr. Flynn 我更加害怕

23:50.700 --> 23:52.160
Mr. Flynn

23:52.160 --> 23:55.100
Mr. Flynn stages an absoluteimission for Mr. Flynn

23:55.100 --> 23:57.100
他住在菲林先生家

23:58.100 --> 24:00.100
菲林先生还没走吗?

24:00.100 --> 24:01.100
还没走

24:01.100 --> 24:03.100
他什么时候走?

24:03.100 --> 24:04.100
他明天走

24:05.100 --> 24:06.100
check your comprehension

24:07.100 --> 24:09.100
鲍尔先生来了吗?

24:11.100 --> 24:13.100
has Mr. Bauer come yet?

24:13.100 --> 24:15.100
他已经来了

24:16.100 --> 24:18.100
he's already come

24:18.100 --> 24:20.100
他是哪天到的?

24:22.100 --> 24:24.100
what day did he arrive?

24:24.100 --> 24:26.100
他是昨天到的

24:28.100 --> 24:30.100
you arrived yesterday

24:30.100 --> 24:32.100
鲍尔夫人也来了吗?

24:34.100 --> 24:36.100
has Mrs. Bauer come too?

24:36.100 --> 24:37.100
他还没来

24:37.100 --> 24:40.100
鲍尔先生是一个人来的

24:43.100 --> 24:44.100
she hasn't come yet

24:44.100 --> 24:46.100
Mr. Bauer came alone

24:47.100 --> 24:50.100
鲍尔夫人跟孩子都还在美国

24:50.100 --> 24:52.100
she hasn't come

24:53.100 --> 24:56.100
Mr. Bauer and the children are still in the United States

24:56.100 --> 24:58.100
他们来吗?

24:59.100 --> 25:00.100
are they coming?

25:00.100 --> 25:02.100
来他们来

25:04.100 --> 25:06.100
yes they're coming

25:06.100 --> 25:08.100
鲍尔先生现在住在哪?

25:10.100 --> 25:12.100
where is Mr. Bauer staying now?

25:13.100 --> 25:15.100
他住在菲林先生家

25:15.100 --> 25:17.100
he's staying at Mr. Flynn's house

25:18.100 --> 25:20.100
菲林先生还没走吗?

25:22.100 --> 25:24.100
hasn't Mr. Flynn left yet?

25:24.100 --> 25:25.100
他还没走

25:27.100 --> 25:29.100
he hasn't left yet

25:29.100 --> 25:31.100
他什么时候走?

25:33.100 --> 25:34.100
when is he leaving?

25:34.100 --> 25:36.100
他明天走

25:38.100 --> 25:40.100
he's leaving tomorrow

25:41.100 --> 25:43.100
as a final review

25:43.100 --> 25:47.100
see if you can translate the following random sentences from the target list

25:47.100 --> 25:48.100
let's start

25:49.100 --> 25:50.100
number one

25:51.100 --> 25:53.100
他明天来吗?

25:55.100 --> 25:56.100
is he coming tomorrow?

25:57.100 --> 25:58.100
number two

25:58.100 --> 26:00.100
我今天走

26:02.100 --> 26:03.100
I'm leaving today

26:04.100 --> 26:05.100
number three

26:06.100 --> 26:07.100
你朋友来了吗?

26:09.100 --> 26:10.100
has your friend come?

26:10.100 --> 26:12.100
number four

26:12.100 --> 26:14.100
他是什么时候到的?

26:16.100 --> 26:18.100
when did he arrive?

26:18.100 --> 26:20.100
number five

26:20.100 --> 26:22.100
他已经来了

26:24.100 --> 26:26.100
he's already come

26:26.100 --> 26:28.100
number six

26:28.100 --> 26:30.100
他是昨天到的

26:31.100 --> 26:33.100
she arrived yesterday

26:33.100 --> 26:35.100
number seven

26:35.100 --> 26:37.100
你哪天走?

26:37.100 --> 26:39.100
你哪天走?

26:40.100 --> 26:42.100
what day are you leaving?

26:42.100 --> 26:44.100
number eight

26:44.100 --> 26:46.100
他还没到

26:47.100 --> 26:49.100
he hasn't arrived yet

26:49.100 --> 26:51.100
number nine

26:51.100 --> 26:53.100
你是一个人来的吗?

26:55.100 --> 26:57.100
did you come alone?

26:57.100 --> 26:58.100
不是

26:58.100 --> 27:00.100
我不是一个人来的

27:02.100 --> 27:04.100
no, I didn't come alone

27:04.100 --> 27:05.100
no, I didn't come alone

27:06.100 --> 27:07.100
if you think you're ready

27:07.100 --> 27:09.100
go on to the P1 tape

27:11.100 --> 27:13.100
this is the end of the tape

27:13.100 --> 27:16.100
and a biographic information module unit four

27:16.100 --> 27:35.100
comprehension tape one