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- Standard Chinese, A Modular Approach, Money Module, Unit 4, Comprehension Tape 1.
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- This unit is set in the ROC. On this tape, you'll learn to understand questions and answers you would use in talking about something you've bought.
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- You'll remember that Major Weiss has been newly assigned to the Military Attaché's office in Taipei.
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- The Weisses have now been in Taipei several weeks and have moved into a house.
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- Mrs. Weiss has just come to her husband's office to meet him for lunch.
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- Listen as her husband's assistant, Ms. Hu, find out if she's gotten settled yet.
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- Have all your household things arrived?
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- 您家里的东西都到了吗?
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- Some have arrived and some haven't arrived yet.
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- 有的到了,有的还没到。
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- Here's the word for thing.
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- 东西,东西.
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- Here's the phrase we've translated household things.
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- 家里的东西,家里的东西.
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- You'll remember that the word 家里 literally means in the house.
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- And here's the word for some.
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- 有的,有的.
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- The word for some is made up of the verb 有, there are, and the marker of modification 得.
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- The sentence 有的到了,有的还没到.
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- Might also be translated.
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- There are some which have arrived and there are some which haven't arrived yet.
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- Here's the exchange live.
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- 您家里的东西都到了吗?
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- 有的到了,有的还没到。
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- Again,您家里的东西都到了吗?
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- 有的到了,有的还没到。
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- Check your comprehension.
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- 您家里的东西都到了吗?
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- Have all your household things arrived?
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- 有的到了,有的还没到。
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- Some have arrived and some haven't arrived yet.
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- Since the word 有的 has the meaning there is or there are,
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- it can't come after the verb any more than there are could in English.
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- We just don't say, I bought there are books.
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- You can use the word Yoda with an object however,
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- if the object is moved in front of the main verb.
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- Listen to this example.
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- Have you read these magazines?
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- 这些杂志没看了吗?
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- Some of these magazines I've read and some I haven't read yet.
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- 这些杂志有的我看了,有的我还没看。
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- 这些杂志有的我看了,有的我还没看。
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- Here's how you say these,这些,这些,
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- and here's how you would say those,那些,那些。
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- The toneless bound word 这些 is used in making the plural of specified nouns.
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- Notice that it occupies the position of a counter between the specifier and the noun.
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- You might think of it as meaning something like a bunch.
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- 这些杂志,this bunch of magazines.
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- Notice also that in the second sentence,
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- topic 这些杂志 serves as background for the word 有的 some,
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- showing what it refers to.
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- In English, we indicate what the word some refers to
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- by following it with an L-phrase which names the thing.
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- Some of these magazines I've read.
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- In Chinese, the same information goes before the word 有的 in topic position.
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- 这些杂志有的我看了。
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- Here's the exchange live.
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- 这些杂志你看了吗?
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- 这些杂志有的我看了,有的我还没看。
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- Again,这些杂志你看了吗?
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- 这些杂志有的我看了,有的我还没看。
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- Check your comprehension.
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- 这些杂志你看了吗?
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- Have you read these magazines?
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- 这些杂志有的我看了,有的我还没看。
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- Some of these magazines I've read.
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- And some I haven't read yet.
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- For the next exchange, you'll need the expression for dishes.
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- Listen, 盘子碗.
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- The word for dishes is a compound made up of two parts.
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- The word 盘子 by itself is used for flat plates,
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- whether large or small.
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- And the word 碗 refers to bowls.
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- Listen as Mrs. Weiss continues the conversation live.
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- 我们已经来了一个月了,还没有盘子碗。
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- Again,我们已经来了一个月了,还没有盘子碗。
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- Check your comprehension.
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- 我们已经来了一个月了,还没有盘子碗。
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- We've already been here for a month and we still don't have any dishes.
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- Now Mrs. Weiss says that yesterday she finally went out and bought some dishes.
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- Here are two ways Mrs. Weiss might describe what she bought.
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- One specific and one general.
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- Listen, I bought ten rice bowls.
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- 我买了十个饭碗,我买了十个饭碗,
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- I bought rice bowls.我买饭碗了,我买饭碗了.
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- Here's the word for rice bowl.饭碗,饭碗.
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- The last sentence you heard didn't mention how many bowls.
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- What else was different about it?
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- Listen to the two sentences again.
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- I bought ten rice bowls.我买了十个饭碗,我买了十个饭碗,
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- I bought rice bowls.我买饭碗了,我买饭碗了.
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- In the first sentence,我买了十个饭碗,
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- the completed action verb marker comes after the verb,
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- just as in duration sentences.她住了两天, she stayed two days.
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- In the second sentence,我买饭碗了,
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- the completed action verb marker unexpectedly comes after the noun phrase.
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- The difference between these two sentences is that in one,
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- you're talking about what the object is,
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- while in the other, you're talking about how many of the objects are involved.
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- Sentences with what we will call them up objects,
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- talking about how many act just like duration sentences,
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- with the verb marker after the verb for completed action
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- and after the noun phrase for new situation.
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- Duration sentences, of course, also talk about amounts, amounts of time.
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- Sentences with non-amount objects,talking about what,
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- indicate completed action by a verb marker after the object.
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- Here's an exchange reviewing the use of completed action verb
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- with amount and non-amount objects.
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- Listen to it live.你买什么了?我买杂志了.你买了几本?
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- 我买了一本中文杂志,两本英文杂志.
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- Notice that the word 什么,what is a non-amount object,
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- and the word 几本,how many volumes is an amount object.
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- Here's the exchange again.你买什么了?我买杂志了.你买了几本?
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- 我买了一本中文杂志,两本英文杂志.
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- Check your comprehension.你买什么了?
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- What did you buy?我买杂志了. I bought magazines.
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- I bought magazines.你买了几本? How many did you buy?
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- 我买了一本中文杂志,两本英文杂志.
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- I bought one Chinese language magazine and two English language magazines.
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- Now let's go back to the conversation between Miss Hu and Mrs. Weiss. Listen.
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- Yesterday I bought some dishes. 昨天我买了一点盘子碗.
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- How many did you buy?你买了多少?
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- I bought ten rice balls and ten margar plates. 我买了十个饭碗,十个大盘子.
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- Notice that in the first sentence 昨天我买了一点盘子碗,the time word昨天 yesterday comes in topic position before the subject war instead of after the subject in its usual adverb position.
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- Here the time word is being used to set the scene for the rest of the sentence.
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- Both place and time expressions can be put in topic position as scene setters.
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- Notice that adding the word 一点 makes盘子碗 into an amount object since 一点 a little bit is an amount.
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- Here's the word used for how many in this exchange. 多少多少?
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- You've already had the word 多少 with the meaning how much.
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- You've now had two ways to ask how many. You use the bound word 几 plus a counter when you expect the answer to be ten or less.
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- If you expect the answer to be a larger amount, you use the word 多少.
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- Here's the exchange lot 昨天我买了一点盘子碗,你买了多少?
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- 我买了十个饭碗,十个大盘子.
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- Again 昨天我买了一点盘子碗,你买了多少?
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- 我买了十个饭碗,十个大盘子.
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- Check your comprehension. 昨天我买了一点盘子碗,
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- Yesterday I bought some dishes. 你买了多少?
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- How many did you buy? 我买了十个饭碗,十个大盘子.
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- I bought ten rice bowls and ten large plates. The conversation continues.
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- What color are those dishes? 那些盘子碗是什么颜色的?
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- They're blue ones. 是蓝的.
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- Oh, I like blue ones too. 我也喜欢蓝的.
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- Here's the word for color. 颜色.
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- And here's the verb to like. 喜欢.
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- In English, we would probably give the color by saying simply, they're blue.
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- In Chinese, you usually say, they're blue ones. 是蓝的.
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- Notice that the question uses the same pattern. 那些盘子碗是什么颜色的?
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- Now listen to the exchange live. 那些盘子碗是什么颜色的?
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- Again. 那些盘子碗是什么颜色的?
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- Check your comprehension. 那些盘子碗是什么颜色的?
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- What color are those dishes? 是蓝的.
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- They're blue ones. 我也喜欢蓝的.
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- Oh, I like blue ones too. The conversation continues. Where were they bought?
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- 是在什么地方买的?
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- They were bought at the first company. 是在第一公司买的.
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- Here's the expression used for where in this exchange. 什么地方?
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- Literally, 什么地方? means what place. It tends to be used to ask about specific, named locations, while 哪里 or 哪儿 is more general.
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- Here's the word for company. 公司.
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- The first company is a department store in Taiwan. 第一个公司是在台湾.
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- Notice that the verb in the sentence 是在什么地方买的?
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- It's translated into English with the passive. Were bought.
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- In English, when the subject is not mentioned, the verb must be in the passive form. In Chinese, the verb remains unchanged.
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- Here's the exchange live. 是在什么地方买的?
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- 是在第一公司买的. Again, 是在什么地方买的?
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- 是在第一公司买的. Check your comprehension.
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- 是在什么地方买的?
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- Where were they bought? 是在第一公司买的.
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- They were bought at the first company. Mrs. Weiss might continue politely by praising the store's goods. Listen.
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- The things they sell are really nice. 他们卖的东西真好.
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- The subject of this sentence is the phrase 他们卖的东西,the things they sell.
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- This phrase is made up of the noun 东西 thing plus a modifying clause. 他们卖的,which they sell.
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- which identifies which things Mrs. Weiss is talking about.
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- The modifying clause 他们卖的 consists of subject plus verb plus the Margaret d.
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- In English, a modifier made up of a verb and its subject or object is put after the noun. The things they sell.
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- In Chinese, it comes before the noun, as do other modifiers. 他们卖的东西.
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- Here's Mrs. Weiss's remark live. 他们卖的东西真好.
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- Again, 他们卖的东西真好.
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- Check your comprehension. 他们卖的东西真好.
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- The things they sell are really nice.
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- 00:16:09,000 --> 00:16:14,000
- Compare this modifying clause with some simpler modifiers you had earlier.
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- 00:16:14,000 --> 00:16:19,000
- Notice that I'll use the marker d, which is a general modifier marker.
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- My things 我的东西.
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- Household things 家里的东西.
- 184
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- Things they sell 他们卖的东西.
- 185
- 00:16:40,000 --> 00:16:46,000
- In traditional Chinese culture, it's considered polite to be modest about how much money you have.
- 186
- 00:16:46,000 --> 00:16:54,000
- In the following comments, Mrs. Weiss says that she could only afford the inexpensive dishes and at the same time, praises the quality of the expensive ones.
- 187
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- Let's listen to her remarks one part at a time. Here's the first part.
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- Some of the dishes they sell are really good looking. 他们卖的盘子碗有的真好看.
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- But they're a little more expensive. 可是贵一点.
- 190
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- Here's the word for but. 可是.
- 191
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- Here's the first part of Mrs. Weiss's comment, live. 他们卖的盘子碗有的真好看.
- 192
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- 可是贵一点. Again. 他们卖的盘子碗有的真好看.
- 193
- 00:17:43,000 --> 00:17:48,000
- 可是贵一点. Check your comprehension.
- 194
- 00:17:48,000 --> 00:17:55,000
- 他们卖的盘子碗有的真好看.
- 195
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- Some of the dishes they sell are really good looking. 可是贵一点.
- 196
- 00:18:03,000 --> 00:18:03,000
- But they're a little more expensive. 可是贵一点.
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- But they're a little more expensive. 可是贵一点.
- 198
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- Here's the rest of Mrs. Weiss's comment. 可是贵一点.
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- Those dishes I bought were all not too expensive. 我买的那些盘子碗都不太贵.
- 200
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- The expensive ones I didn't buy. 贵的我没买.
- 201
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- 贵的我没买. 贵的我没买.
- 202
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- Notice that the specifier 那些 Those comes after the modifying clause.
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- Warmida. In English, words like those always come before other modifiers.
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- Here are her comments live. 我买的那些盘子碗都不太贵.
- 205
- 00:18:51,000 --> 00:18:59,000
- 贵的我没买. Again, 我买的那些盘子碗都不太贵.
- 206
- 00:18:59,000 --> 00:19:10,000
- 贵的我没买. Check your comprehension. 我买的那些盘子碗都不太贵.
- 207
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- Those dishes I bought were all not too expensive. 贵的我没买.
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- 00:19:18,000 --> 00:19:21,000
- The expensive ones I didn't buy. 贵的我没买.
- 209
- 00:19:21,000 --> 00:19:24,000
- Now Mrs. Weiss notices a mug on Mrs. Who's desk. 现在Mrs. Weiss notices a mug on Mrs. Who's desk.
- 210
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- Listen, this teacup of yours is very nice. Where was it bought? 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?
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- It was bought at the first company, too. 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?
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- It was bought at the first company, too. 也是在第一公司买的.
- 213
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- Here's the word for teacup. 茶杯.
- 214
- 00:19:55,000 --> 00:20:02,000
- By itself, the word 茶 is tea, and 杯 means cup or glass.
- 215
- 00:20:02,000 --> 00:20:08,000
- The word 茶杯 is generally used to refer to a large cup with straight sides, like a mug or a glass.
- 216
- 00:20:08,000 --> 00:20:14,000
- The small Chinese teacups without handles are called 茶碗, tea bowls.
- 217
- 00:20:14,000 --> 00:20:23,000
- Notice that the phrase 你的这个茶杯 is literally your this teacup, with a possessive modifier before the specifier.
- 218
- 00:20:23,000 --> 00:20:31,000
- In English, we can put either your or this before the noun, but not both. We say, this teacup of yours.
- 219
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- Here's the exchange live. 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?
- 220
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- 也是在第一公司买的. Again, 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?
- 221
- 00:20:46,000 --> 00:20:59,000
- 也是在第一公司买的. Check your comprehension. 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?
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- This teacup of yours is very nice. Where was it bought?也是在第一公司买的.
- 223
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- It was bought at the first company too. A review dialogue for this unit will be found at the beginning of the C2 tape.
- 224
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- Now see if you can translate the following random sentences and exchanges from the target list.
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- Number one 你买了多少盘子碗?
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- How many dishes did you buy? 我买了十个饭碗,十个大盘子.
- 227
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- I bought ten rice bowls and ten large plates. Number two 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?
- 228
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- This teacup of yours is very nice. Where was it bought? 是在第一公司买的.
- 229
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- It was bought at the first company. Number three 我买的那些盘子碗都不太贵.
- 230
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- Those dishes I bought were all not too expensive. 贵的我没买。
- 231
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- The expensive ones I didn't buy. Number four 我们家里的东西有的到了,有的还没到。
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- Of our household things, some have arrived and some haven't arrived yet. Number five 你买什么了?
- 233
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- What did you buy? 我买盘子碗了。
- 234
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- I brought dishes. Number six 你的饭碗是什么呀?
- 235
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- I brought dishes. Number seven 你的饭碗是什么颜色的?
- 236
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- What color are your rice bowls? 是蓝的。
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- They're blue ones. 我也喜欢蓝的。
- 238
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- I like blue ones too. Number seven 他们卖的盘子碗有的真好看。
- 239
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- Some of the dishes they sell are really good looking. 盘子碗有的真好看。
- 240
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- Some of the dishes they sell are really good looking. 盘子碗有的真好看。
- 241
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- 可是贵一点。 可是贵一点。
- 242
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- But they're a little more expensive. 但他们比较贵一点。
- 243
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- If you think you're ready, go on to the P1 tape. This is the end of the tape. 如果你觉得你准备好了,去到P1 tape.
- 244
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- This is the end of the tape. This is the end of the tape. This is the end of the tape.
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- End of money four C1. 最后的钱是C1。
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