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- 0 3000 Standard Chinese Modular Approach
- 3000 6000 Resource module on pronunciation and romanization
- 6000 8000 Tape 5
- 8000 11000 This tape will take up several abbreviations in pinyin spelling
- 11000 14000 A new vowel and a new consonant
- 14000 17000 Display 1 contains three cases of abbreviation
- 17000 21000 Listen to the speaker read the surnames in the first row
- 21000 26000 I'm one one
- 26000 29000 Listen again and notice that they run
- 29000 34000 I'm one one
- 34000 37000 Each of these syllables clearly has the vowel sound uh
- 37000 40000 But the last one is spelled without an e
- 40000 44000 We've supplied the e in the version in brackets to reflect the pronunciation
- 44000 47000 Notice, by the way, that the ton mark has wound up on the u
- 47000 50000 The only surviving vowel letter
- 50000 53000 Now listen to the names in the second row
- 53000 54000 say
- 54000 56000 way
- 56000 57000 way
- 57000 59000 Listen again, they run
- 59000 60000 say
- 60000 61000 way
- 61000 62000 way
- 62000 63000 way
- 63000 66000 Here, you'd expect g-u-e-i
- 66000 69000 Since the a sound is spelled e-i
- 69000 71000 But in fact, there is no e
- 71000 74000 Notice that the ton mark has shifted to the i
- 74000 76000 The last vowel letter
- 76000 78000 Now listen to the last row
- 78000 80000 hole
- 80000 82000 yo
- 82000 83000 leo
- 83000 85000 Listen again
- 85000 88000 Except for the tone, they run
- 88000 89000 hole
- 89000 90000 yo
- 90000 92000 leo
- 92000 95000 Here, you'd expect l-i-o-u
- 95000 97000 Since the sound o is spelled o-u
- 97000 99000 But in fact, there's no o
- 99000 101000 Notice that the ton mark has shifted to the u
- 101000 103000 The last vowel letter
- 103000 106000 We've been treating these spelling simply as abbreviations
- 106000 108000 But in fact, they make some kind of phonetic sense
- 108000 111000 It happens that vowels often have a slightly different quality
- 111000 113000 in the first and second tones
- 113000 116000 And in each of these cases, the abbreviated spelling
- 116000 118000 is suggestive of the first and second tones
- 118000 119000 pronunciations
- 119000 122000 For example, listen to the pairs of names in the
- 122000 124000 play too
- 124000 126000 yo
- 126000 128000 leo
- 128000 130000 leo
- 130000 132000 Perhaps you'll agree that you hear something
- 132000 134000 approaching a simple u sound after the
- 134000 137000 semi vowel in the first and second tones names
- 137000 139000 so that the spelling without the o
- 139000 141000 might be better for both of them
- 141000 144000 Listen again and notice that the pairs don't quite rhyme
- 145000 146000 yo
- 146000 147000 leo
- 147000 148000 leo
- 148000 149000 leo
- 150000 153000 Now listen to the speaker read down the columns
- 153000 155000 This way, you may better hear the rhymes
- 156000 157000 yo
- 157000 158000 leo
- 159000 160000 yo
- 160000 161000 leo
- 162000 163000 Again
- 163000 164000 yo
- 164000 165000 leo
- 166000 167000 yo
- 167000 168000 leo
- 168000 171000 This way, three presents a slightly different kind of abbreviation
- 171000 174000 Listen to the speaker read the names
- 175000 176000 leo
- 176000 177000 leo
- 177000 178000 leo
- 178000 179000 leo
- 179000 181000 Listen again and notice that they rhyme
- 181000 183000 All three end in o
- 184000 185000 leo
- 185000 186000 leo
- 186000 187000 leo
- 187000 188000 leo
- 189000 192000 In this case, the semi vowel is not written after m
- 192000 194000 There's no u
- 194000 197000 The same goes after other consonants involving the lips
- 197000 198000 b,p and f
- 199000 203000 The theory seems to be that the lip involvement of m,b,p and f
- 203000 207000 is sufficient to suggest the lip rounding of the semi vowel without writing u
- 208000 210000 Now try reading the names in exercise 1
- 210000 212000 and repeat after the speaker
- 213000 214000 one
- 215000 216000 one
- 218000 219000 two
- 220000 221000 one
- 223000 224000 three
- 224000 226000 four
- 226000 227000 way
- 229000 230000 four
- 231000 232000 way
- 233000 234000 five
- 236000 237000 yo
- 239000 240000 six
- 242000 243000 leo
- 245000 246000 seven
- 248000 249000 more
- 249000 252000 eight
- 253000 254000 more
- 256000 257000 nine
- 259000 260000 lun
- 262000 263000 ten
- 264000 265000 niu
- 267000 268000 eleven
- 270000 271000 rei
- 272000 273000 twelve
- 275000 276000 bo
- 276000 278000 thirteen
- 280000 281000 tsui
- 283000 284000 fourteen
- 286000 287000 twenty
- 288000 289000 fifteen
- 290000 291000 q
- 294000 297000 exercise two is a dictation exercise
- 297000 299000 fill in the blanks repeating as you do so
- 301000 302000 one
- 302000 305000 one
- 306000 307000 we
- 308000 309000 two
- 310000 311000 one
- 314000 315000 hu
- 315000 316000 three
- 317000 318000 guay
- 322000 323000 u,i
- 323000 324000 four
- 326000 327000 way
- 329000 330000 we,i
- 330000 331000 vi
- 333000 334000 more
- 337000 338000 wo
- 339000 340000 six
- 341000 342000 more
- 345000 346000 wo
- 346000 347000 seven
- 349000 350000 leo
- 352000 353000 iu
- 353000 354000 eight
- 356000 357000 yo
- 357000 358000 wei
- 360000 361000 yu
- 361000 362000 nine
- 363000 364000 guay
- 368000 369000 u,i
- 369000 370000 ten
- 371000 372000 war
- 375000 376000 wo
- 376000 377000 eleven
- 378000 379000 one
- 381000 382000 hu
- 383000 384000 twelve
- 384000 386000 wei
- 388000 389000 we,i
- 390000 391000 thirteen
- 392000 393000 more
- 395000 396000 yu,o
- 396000 397000 fourteen
- 399000 400000 one
- 402000 403000 we
- 403000 404000 fifteen
- 405000 406000 yo
- 409000 410000 yu
- 410000 411000 sixteen
- 411000 413000 liu
- 415000 416000 iu
- 418000 421000 display four introduces a new vowel
- 421000 424000 it's written as a letter u with two dots over it
- 424000 427000 for lack of a better term let's use the german term umlaut
- 427000 431000 for the accent mark and call the combination u umlaut
- 431000 433000 listen to the speaker read the three names
- 434000 435000 li
- 437000 438000 lu
- 438000 439000 lu
- 440000 441000 lu
- 442000 443000 again
- 444000 445000 li
- 445000 446000 lu
- 446000 447000 u
- 447000 448000 liu
- 473000 474000 yi
- 474000 476000 yu
- 477000 478000 yi
- 478000 479000 yu
- 480000 481000 yi
- 481000 482000 yu
- 488000 489000 yi
- 490000 491000 yu
- 492000 493000 yi
- 493000 494000 yu
- 496000 497000 yi
- 497000 507000 yi
- 508000 510000 u,i
- 511000 513000 u,i
- 514000 515000 u,i
- 521000 523000 u,i
- 523000 526000 u,i
- 527000 529000 u,i
- 540000 541000 li
- 542000 543000 lu
- 544000 545000 lu
- 547000 548000 again
- 549000 550000 li
- 550000 552000 lu
- 554000 555000 li
- 572000 573000 li
- 576000 577000 yu umlaut
- 577000 578000 tu
- 579000 580000 li
- 582000 583000 i
- 583000 584000 ri
- 585000 586000 lu
- 588000 589000 yu
- 589000 590000 for
- 590000 591000 lu
- 594000 595000 yu umlaut
- 595000 596000 fif
- 597000 598000 lu
- 600000 602000 yu umlaut
- 602000 603000 sixte
- 603000 606000 li
- 607000 608000 i
- 608000 609000 seven
- 610000 611000 li
- 613000 614000 i
- 614000 615000 eight
- 616000 617000 lu
- 619000 620000 u
- 620000 621000 nine
- 621000 622000 lu
- 624000 626000 yu umlaut
- 626000 627000 ten
- 627000 628000 lu
- 628000 630000 lu
- 631000 632000 yu
- 633000 637000 in exercise four try reading the names and repeat
- 638000 639000 one
- 641000 642000 li
- 643000 644000 two
- 646000 647000 lu
- 649000 650000 three
- 651000 652000 li
- 654000 655000 four
- 655000 657000 lu
- 658000 659000 five
- 660000 661000 lu
- 663000 664000 six
- 666000 667000 li
- 669000 670000 seven
- 671000 672000 lu
- 674000 675000 eight
- 676000 677000 lu
- 679000 680000 nine
- 680000 683000 li
- 686000 687000 ten
- 687000 689000 u
- 711000 712000 u
- 714000 715000 u
- 715000 716000 u
- 717000 718000 u
- 720000 721000 u
- 723000 724000 u
- 725000 726000 u
- 727000 728000 u
- 729000 730000 u
- 733000 734000 u
- 736000 737000 u
- 738000 739000 u
- 741000 742000 u
- 742000 743000 u
- 745000 746000 u
- 747000 748000 u
- 749000 750000 u
- 751000 752000 u
- 768000 769000 u
- 769000 770000 u
- 771000 772000 u
- 774000 775000 u
- 777000 778000 u
- 780000 781000 u
- 782000 783000 u
- 784000 785000 u
- 787000 788000 u
- 790000 791000 u
- 792000 793000 u
- 794000 795000 u
- 795000 798000 u
- 799000 800000 u
- 801000 802000 u
- 804000 805000 u
- 806000 807000 u
- 808000 809000 u
- 810000 811000 u
- 812000 813000 u
- 815000 816000 u
- 817000 818000 u
- 818000 823000 U
- 827000 831000 U
- 833000 834000 U
- 836000 837000 U
- 839000 841000 U
- 841000 842000 U
- 844000 846000 U
- 846000 847000 U
- 847000 850620 Yen, Yen
- 850620 855820 Yen
- 855820 858020 For many speakers, the last pair rhymes.
- 858020 862460 The pronunciation would be better represented by the spelling in the parentheses,
- 862460 866380 with an E added for the S sound.
- 866380 869460 For many speakers, however, this pair doesn't rhyme.
- 869460 872740 The pronunciation is well represented by the actual spelling Y,
- 872740 875140 U-umn-lout, A-N.
- 875140 881140 We put the umlaut axid mark over the u's in display 5, but actual pinion spelling doesn't.
- 881140 889140 After a y, a u couldn't stand for anything but the u umlaut sound, and so pinion doesn't bother to add the two dots.
- 889140 893140 The same goes after the palatal consonants written j, q, and x.
- 893140 904140 Since these consonants pronounced with the tongue in the e position occur only before vowels pronounced with the tongue in the e position, namely e and e, or their semi-vol equivalents,
- 904140 909140 you know that a u after a j, q, or x must mean u umlaut.
- 909140 914140 Just to be helpful though, we'll write the umlaut for you every time in the early part of this course,
- 914140 920140 but just to get an idea of how the system works, try reading the names in exercise 5.
- 920140 927140 Pronouncing the letter u with the sound value y after y and the palatal consonants written j, q, and x,
- 927140 930140 and then repeating after the speaker.
- 930140 955140 1, shu, 2, su, 3, shu, 4, wu, 5, yu,
- 955140 972140 6, zhu, 7, zhu, 8, ju,
- 972140 987140 9, chu, 10, q, 11, mu,
- 987140 1002140 12, yu, 13, ju, 14,
- 1002140 1018140 chu, 15, shu,
- 1018140 1033140 15, shu,
- 1033140 1048140 in exercise 6 we've gone back to our helpful spelling. Try reading the names and repeat after the speaker.
- 1048140 1068140 2, shu, 3, shu, 4, quen, 5, shuang,
- 1068140 1078140 6, chun, 7,
- 1078140 1087140 jun, 8, yue,
- 1087140 1099140 9, quen, 10, lü,
- 1099140 1105140 11, lù,
- 1105140 1113140 12, yu, 13,
- 1113140 1118140 ju, 14,
- 1118140 1124140 yuan, 15,
- 1124140 1131140 chuan, 16,
- 1131140 1136140 yun.
- 1136140 1143140 yuan, 16,
- 1143140 1151140 yuan, 16,
- 1151140 1158140 yuan, 16,
- 1158140 1168140 yuan, 16,
- 1168140 1178140 yuan, 16,
- 1178140 1188140 yuan, 16,
- 1188140 1198140 yuan, 16,
- 1198140 1208140 yuan, 16,
- 1208140 1218140 yuan, 16,
- 1218140 1228140 yuan, 16,
- 1228140 1238140 yuan, 16,
- 1238140 1248140 yuan, 16,
- 1248140 1258140 yuan, 16,
- 1258140 1268140 yuan, 16,
- 1268140 1288140 yuan, 16,
- 1288140 1298140 yuan, 16,
- 1298140 1308140 yuan, 16,
- 1308140 1318140 yuan, 16,
- 1318140 1328140 yuan, 16,
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