FSI-German-Basic-Course.xml.old 278 KB

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  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <?xml-model href="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/5.0/rng/docbook.rng" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>
  3. <book xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0"
  4. xml:lang="en">
  5. <info>
  6. <title>GERMAN Basic Course</title>
  7. <subtitle>UNITS 1 - 12</subtitle>
  8. <author>
  9. <orgname>Foreign Service Institute</orgname>
  10. </author>
  11. </info>
  12. <colophon>
  13. <title/>
  14. <para/>
  15. </colophon>
  16. <preface>
  17. <title>Preface</title>
  18. <para> This Basic Course in German has been designed to assist United States Government
  19. representatives who require a command of spoken German. The general concept of this text
  20. has grown out of the plan of Spoken Language courses prepared under the auspices of the
  21. American Council of Learned Societies during World War II. But pattern drills and other
  22. exercises have been developed extensively at the Foreign Service Institute to provide a
  23. much fuller manipulation of forms and patterns, and a conscious attempt has been made to
  24. adapt situations and vocabulary to specific needs of the Foreign Service. And the course
  25. is intended to lay a solid foundation for comprehensive language skills, providing
  26. systematically for the development of reading proficiency based on oral- aural skills. </para>
  27. <para>This text is the end-product of several years of work and has benefited from the
  28. labors of many members and former members of the FSI staff. In its present form it was
  29. prepared under the supervision of Or. Samuel A. Brown, who has had overall
  30. responsibility for the arrangement of situation­al material and for the organization and
  31. presentation of structural features. Particular credit for the dialogs and much of the
  32. drill material goes to Mrs. Use Christoph. Mrs. Christoph has been assisted by Mrs.
  33. Maria-Luise Bissonnette, Mr Friedrich Lehmann, Mr. Gerhard Matzel, Mrs. Margarete
  34. Plischke and Mrs. Erika Quaid. A most valuable contribution was also made by Mrs. Quaid
  35. in preparing the major part of the typescript, assisted by Miss Geneviève Ducastel. The
  36. project has been a cooperative venture, however, and all members of the German staff
  37. have contributed freely the fruit of their classroom experience and the gifts of their
  38. imagination and insight.<inlinemediaobject>
  39. <imageobject>
  40. <imagedata fileref="Images/Fsi-GermanBasicCourse-Volume1-StudentText-4.png"/>
  41. </imageobject>
  42. </inlinemediaobject></para>
  43. <para> H. E. Sollenberger Dean, School of Languages Foreign Service Institute</para>
  44. </preface>
  45. <preface>
  46. <title>Introduction</title>
  47. <para> AIM </para>
  48. <para>It is the aim of the course to provide the student with a useful control of the
  49. structure of the spoken language and of a basic vocabulary which meets at least some of
  50. the specialized needs of the Foreign Service. After completion of the basic course the
  51. Foreign Service Officer should be able to make limited practical use of the language in
  52. his official duties and social obligations. He will furthermore have the means, given
  53. the proper surroundings and personal motivation, for continued rapid and efficient
  54. development of proficiency. </para>
  55. <para>MATERIALS </para>
  56. <para>The materials in this first volume of the text are organized into twelve lessons or
  57. units. Each unit contains a set of basic sentences for memorization. These are in the
  58. form of a dialog based on one or sometimes two specific situations in which a person
  59. might find himself in Germany. Notes to the basic sentences are provided as necessary to
  60. clarify occasional difficulties in vocabulary and idiom and to provide additional
  61. background on some cultural features unfamiliar to Americans. Notes on pronunciation are
  62. included in each of the first eight units. Phonological features which have been found
  63. to be particularly difficult for American students are here presented with explanations
  64. and pronunciation practice drills. The notes on grammar in each unit single out those
  65. structural features illustrated in the basic sentences which are appropriate for
  66. systematic consideration at that stage in the course. Substitution drills provide for
  67. the manipulation of forms by substituting specific items in fixed sentence frames. They
  68. are in­tended to build habits of association, so that in a given syntactic environment
  69. the appropriate grammatical form automatically comes to mind. As the German vocabulary
  70. is all familiar, no English equivalents are given in these drills. Variation drills
  71. provide for the manipulation of larger syntactic patterns. In each group a model
  72. sentence, underscored, serves as a guide. Associated with it are additional sentences
  73. incorporating the same syntactic pattern but in which most of the individual word items
  74. have been replaced. English equivalents are given to serve as cues for recall of the
  75. German variant sentences. Vocabulary drills provide both practice in the use of new
  76. vocabulary items and also allow for manipulation of sentence elements whose particular
  77. form and arrangement depends upon their association with that vocabulary item. The
  78. manipulation of both variation and vocabulary drills depends on the use of English
  79. equivalents. Specific translation drills are also provided, however. In most cases they
  80. present the material of the basic dialog in the form of a narrative. They thus provide
  81. content review of the basic sentences and practice in the transformation from active
  82. dialog to descriptive narration. The response drills are question and answer drills on
  83. the situations of the basic dialogs. Conversation practice and additional situations in
  84. out­line bridge the gap to free conversation with small pieces of supplementary dialog
  85. for acting out and situations providing for a freer play of the student's imagination.
  86. The finder list in each unit notes all new vocabulary which has been presented. </para>
  87. <para>METHOD AND PROCEDURE </para>
  88. <para>This is a course in Spoken German; the forms and patterns of the language are
  89. intentionally colloquial. The emphasis in instruction is everywhere on speech, and an
  90. indispensable component of the learning process is the voice of a tutor, or instructor,
  91. whose native language is German. On no account should the student attempt to use these
  92. materials without either a native instructor or recordings of a native instructor's
  93. voice. The method of instruction incorporates guided imitation. repetition,
  94. memorization, pattern practice. and conversation. </para>
  95. <para>Working under the supervision of a linguist the tutor's role is to serve as a model
  96. for speech and to guide the student to accurate imitation by constant repetition and
  97. correction. The student's Job is to watch and listen to the tutor carefully and to
  98. imitate as exactly as he can the sounds which he hears. He must be prepared for constant
  99. cor­rection and repetition. Each time however the instructor will give him a model to
  100. follow by repeating the item first. The student should never attempt to read from his
  101. text but should always wait until he hears the word or utterance as the tutor speaks it
  102. for him. As far as possible he should leave his book closed during the presentation of
  103. new dialog material and keep his eyes on the tutor, students will be asked to repeat in
  104. chorus and individually and will be expected to re­peat many, many times, even when
  105. their imitation has been good and accurate. Only by constant repetition after an
  106. authentic model for speech can habitual fluent and accurate reproduction of the sounds
  107. and forms of the foreign language be achieved. </para>
  108. <para>The basic sentences are preceded by "build-ups" giving the com­ponent parts of the
  109. utterance separately. Each new item which is introduced appears first as a build-up. The
  110. tutor will ask the students to repeat the build-ups separately first, then combined into
  111. larger units and finally the complete new sentence or utterance. The basic sentences are
  112. sub-divided into numbered sections, each to be treated as a unit, repeated in chorus and
  113. individually, with and with­out build-ups, until the students' imitation is
  114. satisfactory. Then a new section may be begun. The time required to cover each section
  115. in this way will differ widely depending on the size and ability of the class. After
  116. acceptable imitation and accurate pronunciation has been achieved in one or more
  117. sections they are assigned for memorization outside of class or repeated in class until
  118. memorized. The student should be able to give either the German sentence or its English
  119. equivalent on request or switch from one to the other and back again. The tutor will
  120. drill by repeating each sentence for each student in the class, then by giving each
  121. student a different sentence, repeating it for him first, and finally asking the
  122. students to recite the sentences in order, the first student the first sentence, the
  123. second student the second sentence, etc., without receiving a cue from the instructor.
  124. Repetition outside of class, preferably using recorded materials as a guide, should be
  125. continued to the point of over-learning. The student should not only be able to give the
  126. correct German sentence immediately upon hearing an English equivalent, at random
  127. selection, he should also be able to give the correct German sentence with equal ease
  128. and speed of response upon hearing its German cue. As a final step the students are
  129. expected to act out the basic dialog in entirety from memory, with the tutor or with
  130. other students. Only when the basic sentences have been mastered to this extent can they
  131. be considered to provide an adequate basis for control of the spoken language. It should
  132. be noted at this point that the English text accompanying the basic sentences is not
  133. primarily a translation but rather a set of conversational equivalents. Many apparent
  134. discrepancies will be found if the student, or the tutor, looks for word-for-word
  135. correspondence between the English and German text. It does not exist. Rather, in such
  136. and such a situation this is what is said in German and this is what is said in English. </para>
  137. <para>The pronunciation practice drills are to be taken up after the presentation of the
  138. basic sentences has been completed and memorization has been started. Items are arranged
  139. in groups according to the particular phonological feature concerned. Words in vertical
  140. columns present the same phonological feature in different environments. Several columns
  141. in a practice group contain related phonological features or related phonological
  142. environments in which the same feature recurs. Words are to be repeated first in chorus
  143. and then individually by each student after the tutor, at first following the vertical
  144. columns and later, for variation and comparison, horizontally across the page.
  145. Particular attention should be paid to items in contrast. These are minimum meaningfully
  146. distinctive sound patterns, accurate control of which is important for communication and
  147. comprehension. Contrasting word pairs are linked by a dash, and after separate practice
  148. for accuracy the items should be repeated by pairs to bring out the exact distinctions
  149. between them. </para>
  150. <para>The notes on grammar are earmarked for home study. After each unit has been started
  151. and the first hour or more has been spent in class on repetition of the basic sentences
  152. the student should read through the grammar notes to acquaint himself with the
  153. grammatical points presented in that unit. During the whole time a particular unit is
  154. being worked on in class the student should continue to study the grammar section. Many
  155. questions which he may feel tempted to raise in class will be found to be answered in
  156. the notes on grammar. The tutor is specifically requested not to discuss the language
  157. with his students, and the students are asked not to ply him with questions. Time in
  158. class is to be spent using and manipulating the language and not in talking about it. In
  159. each unit one or more grammatical features are presented, and the basic sentences have
  160. been designed, as far as is possible consistent with natural expression, to incorporate
  161. and illustrate those features. Each point of grammar discussed is illustrated by
  162. sentences which are natural utterances in the language. They are taken in nearly every
  163. case from the basic sentences of the current or preceding units. Thus the examples are
  164. already familiar to the student, and the patterns they contain, which will be drilled
  165. and practiced in the sections to follow, are patterns which the student has already
  166. begun to assimilate by memorizing the sentences of the dialog. </para>
  167. <para>After the basic sentences of a unit have all been repeated several times and
  168. memorization has been well begun, work can be started on the drills. The material is
  169. designed to provide a maximum of additional experience in using the forms and patterns
  170. of the language learned in the basic sentences. It is not assumed, however, that the
  171. learner is automatically able to transfer the experience gained in the basic sentences
  172. to error-free manipulation of these forms and patterns. The drills are by no means a
  173. test of what the student can do with the elements given him. It is a matter of no great
  174. importance whether he can or cannot "figure them out" by himself. The goal is to learn
  175. to speak the language accurately and fluently, and this aim can only be achieved by
  176. correct repetition of the forms and patterns involved. Therefore all the sentences in
  177. each drill group are first to be repeated after the tutor in their correct form. The
  178. tutor then cues each student in turn for repetition of one of the drill sentences until
  179. all students have given all sentences correctly. </para>
  180. <para>In the substitution drills the model sentence and all its variants are first repeated
  181. in chorus after the tutor. He then gives the model sentence again, the class repeats it
  182. in chorus, after which each student is cued individually with an item to be substituted
  183. and repeats the sentence with the substitution called for. in some cases the cue is the
  184. exact form which fits into the sentence. In some cases a cue is given which requires the
  185. student to choose the proper form to fit the syntactic environment of the model.
  186. Regardless of which type of cue is given or how simple or complex the exercise may
  187. appear to be, the student's task is to make the substitution without hesitation and to
  188. repeat the sentence accurately at normal conversational speed. Although no English
  189. equivalents are given in the substitution drills and the first task is rapid, fluent and
  190. accurate manipulation of the material in German. the tutor may ask for spot translations
  191. into English here and there, and on the second or third repetition of the drill he may
  192. give English equivalents as word or sentence cues in place of the German cues provided. </para>
  193. <para> In most of the variation drills and in all of the vocabulary drills the cues take the
  194. form of equivalent English sentences. Basic procedure remains the same as in the
  195. substitution drills. All sentences in a given variation or vocabulary group are first
  196. repeated after the tutor in their correct form. The tutor then gives the pattern
  197. sentence again, and the students repeat it in chorus, after which they are required
  198. individually to recall and repeat the correct German sentences for which an English
  199. equivalent is given. Students may work with their books open here, covering up the
  200. right-hand side of the page on Which the German sentences are printed and taking their
  201. cues from the English sentences on the left-hand side of the page. </para>
  202. <para>Conversion drills require the conversion of one or more elements in a sentence from
  203. one form to another - singular to plural, present tense to past tense, etc. No English
  204. is provided for these sentences as a rule. However, as in the substitution drills the
  205. tutor may ask for a random spot translation into English, and he may go through the
  206. drill a second or third time giving English sentence cues for which the student gives
  207. the German equivalent. </para>
  208. <para>Translation and response drills, as noted above, are in most cases directly related to
  209. the basic sentences. In translation drills the procedure is similar to that followed in
  210. variation and vocabulary drills. Students may work with their books open, covering the
  211. German text and reading the English sentences themselves, or if preferred, books may be
  212. left closed while the tutor gives the English equivalents. In the response drills it is
  213. often appropriate for the tutor to address two or three questions to the same student
  214. and then two or three more to the next, so that the drill takes on a more natural
  215. character of conversation­al interchange. Both drills should be repeated in entirety
  216. several times, however, or until all students have had a chance to respond to all items. </para>
  217. <para> It will be noted that all drill material is provided with both a cue and a correct
  218. response, so that all may be prepared by the student outside of class and repeated and
  219. practiced by him as often as necessary to achieve complete accuracy and fluency. In many
  220. cases there is more than one possible response to a given cue, and instructors are
  221. encouraged to accept all responses which are truly equivalent. If a correct response has
  222. been given, however, instructors are not to suggest variant forms which may occur to
  223. them, as this only introduces unnecessary complexity of choice to an exercise which is
  224. difficult enough as it is. </para>
  225. <para>In the conversation practice brief conversations, usually on the same theme as the
  226. basic dialog, are read through by the tutor three or four times while students listen.
  227. Then the tutor takes one role while one student takes the other, and they repeat the
  228. conversation together. The student's aim here is not primarily to memorize and repeat
  229. exactly, but to give as accurate an equivalent as possible in his own words. After
  230. acting out the conversation with the tutor the student goes through it again with
  231. another student, he in turn with the next student, and so on until all have taken both
  232. parts in the dialog. </para>
  233. <para>The situations are brief descriptions, in English in the earlier units, later in
  234. German, of occurrences similar to those on which the basic dialogs are based. Two or
  235. more students then act out what has been described in their own way and using their ov.i
  236. words. They are free to use their imagination and fill in any supplementary details that
  237. occur to them. The whole conversation should not be prolonged however more than four or
  238. five minutes maximum duration. Then other students may try their hand at the same
  239. situation. </para>
  240. <para>The narratives, beginning with the fifth unit, are designed for reading purposes. In
  241. the early units they introduce a minimum of additional vocabulary and unfamiliar forms,
  242. and they may be used in the class for oral narration, the student re-telling in his own
  243. words what he has read. In later units some features of expository prose - matters of
  244. both form and style - which differ from normal spoken usage are introduced through the
  245. narratives in order to bridge the gap between conversational German and those reading
  246. skills of a specialized nature which require particular study and attention. </para>
  247. <para>The ultimate goal of the course, as has been stated above, is to speak accurately,
  248. fluently and easily. The text provides for the assimilation of all basic forms and
  249. patterns of the language by the guided imitation, memorization, and manipulation of a
  250. large number of sentences and by practice in confronting several widely occurring
  251. every­day situations. Actual living use of the language in free conversation is a
  252. necessary and essential adjunct. The tutor should therefore encourage his students from
  253. the start to use the language in every way possible, above and beyond what is provided
  254. for in the text. After the first few days of work both students and tutors should avoid
  255. the use of English in the classroom for any purpose at all, and they are encouraged to
  256. speak German outside the classroom as well. Only by constant use of the skill he is
  257. learning can the student hope to master it and retain it as a useful tool of his
  258. profession.</para>
  259. </preface>
  260. <chapter>
  261. <title>Unit 1</title>
  262. <section>
  263. <title>Basic sentences: <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wir sind in
  264. Deutschland</foreignphrase></title>
  265. <informaltable>
  266. <col width="50%"/>
  267. <col width="50%"/>
  268. <tr valign="top">
  269. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> I </td>
  270. </tr>
  271. <tr valign="top">
  272. <td> Good morning </td>
  273. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> guten Morgen
  274. </foreignphrase></td>
  275. </tr>
  276. <tr valign="top">
  277. <td align="left"> Good morning. </td>
  278. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Morgen.
  279. </foreignphrase></td>
  280. </tr>
  281. <tr valign="top">
  282. <td> Mr. </td>
  283. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Herr </foreignphrase></td>
  284. </tr>
  285. <tr valign="top">
  286. <td> Becker </td>
  287. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Becker </foreignphrase></td>
  288. </tr>
  289. <tr valign="top">
  290. <td> Mr. Becker </td>
  291. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Herr Becker
  292. </foreignphrase></td>
  293. </tr>
  294. <tr valign="top">
  295. <td align="left"> Good morning, Mr. Becker. </td>
  296. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Morgen, Herr Becker.
  297. </foreignphrase></td>
  298. </tr>
  299. <tr valign="top">
  300. <td> day </td>
  301. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Tag </foreignphrase></td>
  302. </tr>
  303. <tr valign="top">
  304. <td align="left"> Hello (Good day). </td>
  305. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Tag.
  306. </foreignphrase></td>
  307. </tr>
  308. <tr valign="top">
  309. <td> Mrs. </td>
  310. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Frau </foreignphrase></td>
  311. </tr>
  312. <tr valign="top">
  313. <td> Kunze </td>
  314. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Kunze </foreignphrase></td>
  315. </tr>
  316. <tr valign="top">
  317. <td> Mrs. Kunze </td>
  318. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Frau Kunze
  319. </foreignphrase></td>
  320. </tr>
  321. <tr valign="top">
  322. <td align="left"> Hello , Mrs. Kunze. </td>
  323. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Tag, Frau Kunze.
  324. </foreignphrase></td>
  325. </tr>
  326. <tr valign="top">
  327. <td> evening </td>
  328. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Abend </foreignphrase></td>
  329. </tr>
  330. <tr valign="top">
  331. <td align="left"> Good evening. </td>
  332. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Abend.
  333. </foreignphrase></td>
  334. </tr>
  335. <tr valign="top">
  336. <td> Miss </td>
  337. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fräulein
  338. </foreignphrase></td>
  339. </tr>
  340. <tr valign="top">
  341. <td> Schneider </td>
  342. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Schneider
  343. </foreignphrase></td>
  344. </tr>
  345. <tr valign="top">
  346. <td> Miss Schneider </td>
  347. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fräulein Schneider
  348. </foreignphrase></td>
  349. </tr>
  350. <tr valign="top">
  351. <td align="left"> Good evening, Miss Schneider. </td>
  352. <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Abend, Fräulein
  353. Schneider. </foreignphrase></td>
  354. </tr>
  355. </informaltable>
  356. <informaltable>
  357. <col width="50%"/>
  358. <col width="50%"/>
  359. <tr valign="top">
  360. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> II </td>
  361. </tr>
  362. <tr valign="top">
  363. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Hello, Miss Schneider. </td>
  364. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  365. Guten Tag, Fräulein Schneider. </foreignphrase></td>
  366. </tr>
  367. <tr valign="top">
  368. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Hello, Mr. Becker. </td>
  369. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  370. Guten Tag, Herr Becker. </foreignphrase></td>
  371. </tr>
  372. <tr valign="top">
  373. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> how </td>
  374. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie
  375. </foreignphrase></td>
  376. </tr>
  377. <tr valign="top">
  378. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> goes </td>
  379. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> geht
  380. </foreignphrase></td>
  381. </tr>
  382. <tr valign="top">
  383. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> it </td>
  384. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> es
  385. </foreignphrase></td>
  386. </tr>
  387. <tr valign="top">
  388. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> to you, with you </td>
  389. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  390. Ihnen </foreignphrase></td>
  391. </tr>
  392. <tr valign="top">
  393. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How are you? (how goes it with you?) </td>
  394. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  395. geht es Ihnen? </foreignphrase></td>
  396. </tr>
  397. <tr valign="top">
  398. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> thanks </td>
  399. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  400. danke </foreignphrase></td>
  401. </tr>
  402. <tr valign="top">
  403. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> very </td>
  404. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sehr
  405. </foreignphrase></td>
  406. </tr>
  407. <tr valign="top">
  408. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> good, well </td>
  409. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> gut
  410. </foreignphrase></td>
  411. </tr>
  412. <tr valign="top">
  413. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Fine, Thanks. </td>
  414. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  415. Danke, sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  416. </tr>
  417. <tr valign="top">
  418. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> and </td>
  419. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> und
  420. </foreignphrase></td>
  421. </tr>
  422. <tr valign="top">
  423. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> And how are you, Mr. Becker? </td>
  424. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Und
  425. wie geht es Ihnen, Herr Becker? </foreignphrase></td>
  426. </tr>
  427. <tr valign="top">
  428. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> also, too </td>
  429. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auch
  430. </foreignphrase></td>
  431. </tr>
  432. <tr valign="top">
  433. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Thank you, I’m fine too. </td>
  434. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  435. Danke, auch gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  436. </tr>
  437. </informaltable>
  438. <informaltable>
  439. <col width="50%"/>
  440. <col width="50%"/>
  441. <tr valign="top">
  442. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> III </td>
  443. </tr>
  444. <tr valign="top">
  445. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> understand </td>
  446. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> verstehen
  447. </foreignphrase></td>
  448. </tr>
  449. <tr valign="top">
  450. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> you </td>
  451. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie
  452. </foreignphrase></td>
  453. </tr>
  454. <tr valign="top">
  455. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Do you understand Mrs. Kunze? </td>
  456. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  457. Verstehen Sie Frau Kunze? </foreignphrase></td>
  458. </tr>
  459. <tr valign="top">
  460. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> no </td>
  461. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> nein
  462. </foreignphrase></td>
  463. </tr>
  464. <tr valign="top">
  465. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> I </td>
  466. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich
  467. </foreignphrase></td>
  468. </tr>
  469. <tr valign="top">
  470. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> I understand </td>
  471. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich
  472. verstehe </foreignphrase></td>
  473. </tr>
  474. <tr valign="top">
  475. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> not </td>
  476. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  477. nicht </foreignphrase></td>
  478. </tr>
  479. <tr valign="top">
  480. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, I don't understand Mrs. Kunze. </td>
  481. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  482. Nein, ich verstehe Frau Kunze nicht. </foreignphrase></td>
  483. </tr>
  484. <tr valign="top">
  485. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> me </td>
  486. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> mich
  487. </foreignphrase></td>
  488. </tr>
  489. <tr valign="top">
  490. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Do you understand me? </td>
  491. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie
  492. mich? </foreignphrase></td>
  493. </tr>
  494. <tr valign="top">
  495. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> yes </td>
  496. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ja
  497. </foreignphrase></td>
  498. </tr>
  499. <tr valign="top">
  500. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, I understand you well. </td>
  501. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  502. ich verstehe Sie gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  503. </tr>
  504. </informaltable>
  505. <informaltable>
  506. <col width="50%"/>
  507. <col width="50%"/>
  508. <tr valign="top">
  509. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> IV </td>
  510. </tr>
  511. <tr valign="top">
  512. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> where </td>
  513. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wo
  514. </foreignphrase></td>
  515. </tr>
  516. <tr valign="top">
  517. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> is </td>
  518. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ist
  519. </foreignphrase></td>
  520. </tr>
  521. <tr valign="top">
  522. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the airport </td>
  523. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der
  524. Flughafen </foreignphrase></td>
  525. </tr>
  526. <tr valign="top">
  527. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Where's the airport? </td>
  528. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
  529. ist der Flughafen? </foreignphrase></td>
  530. </tr>
  531. <tr valign="top">
  532. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> there </td>
  533. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> dort
  534. </foreignphrase></td>
  535. </tr>
  536. <tr valign="top">
  537. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> over there </td>
  538. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  539. drüben </foreignphrase></td>
  540. </tr>
  541. <tr valign="top">
  542. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The airport is over there. </td>
  543. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
  544. Flughafen ist dort drüben. </foreignphrase></td>
  545. </tr>
  546. <tr valign="top">
  547. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> please </td>
  548. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  549. bitte </foreignphrase></td>
  550. </tr>
  551. <tr valign="top">
  552. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> I beg your pardon. What did you say? </td>
  553. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  554. bitte? </foreignphrase></td>
  555. </tr>
  556. <tr valign="top">
  557. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> speak </td>
  558. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  559. sprechen </foreignphrase></td>
  560. </tr>
  561. <tr valign="top">
  562. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> slow, slowly </td>
  563. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  564. langsam </foreignphrase></td>
  565. </tr>
  566. <tr valign="top">
  567. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Please speak slowly. </td>
  568. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  569. Sprechen Sie bitte langsam. </foreignphrase></td>
  570. </tr>
  571. <tr valign="top">
  572. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The airport is over there. </td>
  573. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
  574. Flughafen ist dort drüben. </foreignphrase></td>
  575. </tr>
  576. <tr valign="top">
  577. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Do you understand? </td>
  578. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  579. Verstehen Sie? </foreignphrase></td>
  580. </tr>
  581. <tr valign="top">
  582. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> thank you </td>
  583. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  584. danke schön </foreignphrase></td>
  585. </tr>
  586. <tr valign="top">
  587. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, I understand. Thank you. </td>
  588. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  589. ich verstehe. Danke schön. </foreignphrase></td>
  590. </tr>
  591. <tr valign="top">
  592. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> you're welcome </td>
  593. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  594. bitte schön </foreignphrase></td>
  595. </tr>
  596. <tr valign="top">
  597. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> You're welc ome. </td>
  598. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  599. Bitte schön. </foreignphrase></td>
  600. </tr>
  601. </informaltable>
  602. <informaltable>
  603. <col width="50%"/>
  604. <col width="50%"/>
  605. <tr valign="top">
  606. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> V</td>
  607. </tr>
  608. <tr valign="top">
  609. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> that </td>
  610. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das
  611. </foreignphrase></td>
  612. </tr>
  613. <tr valign="top">
  614. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the railroad station </td>
  615. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der
  616. Bahnhof </foreignphrase></td>
  617. </tr>
  618. <tr valign="top">
  619. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is that the railroad station? </td>
  620. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist das der
  621. Bahnhof? </foreignphrase></td>
  622. </tr>
  623. <tr valign="top">
  624. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, that' not the station. </td>
  625. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  626. Nein, das ist nicht der Bahnhof. </foreignphrase></td>
  627. </tr>
  628. <tr valign="top">
  629. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> he, it </td>
  630. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> er
  631. </foreignphrase></td>
  632. </tr>
  633. <tr valign="top">
  634. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> to the left </td>
  635. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  636. links </foreignphrase></td>
  637. </tr>
  638. <tr valign="top">
  639. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> It's there to the left. </td>
  640. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er
  641. ist dort links. </foreignphrase></td>
  642. </tr>
  643. <tr valign="top">
  644. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the restaurant </td>
  645. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das
  646. Restaurant </foreignphrase></td>
  647. </tr>
  648. <tr valign="top">
  649. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is the restaurant there too? </td>
  650. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  651. das Restaurant auch dort? </foreignphrase></td>
  652. </tr>
  653. <tr valign="top">
  654. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> it </td>
  655. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> es
  656. </foreignphrase></td>
  657. </tr>
  658. <tr valign="top">
  659. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, it's there too. </td>
  660. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  661. es ist auch dort. </foreignphrase></td>
  662. </tr>
  663. </informaltable>
  664. <informaltable>
  665. <col width="50%"/>
  666. <col width="50%"/>
  667. <tr valign="top">
  668. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> VI</td>
  669. </tr>
  670. <tr valign="top">
  671. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> what </td>
  672. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> was
  673. </foreignphrase></td>
  674. </tr>
  675. <tr valign="top">
  676. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> there </td>
  677. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> da
  678. </foreignphrase></td>
  679. </tr>
  680. <tr valign="top">
  681. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> What's that there? </td>
  682. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Was
  683. ist das da? </foreignphrase></td>
  684. </tr>
  685. <tr valign="top">
  686. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the hotel </td>
  687. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das
  688. Hotel </foreignphrase></td>
  689. </tr>
  690. <tr valign="top">
  691. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> That's the hotel. </td>
  692. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
  693. ist das Hotel. </foreignphrase></td>
  694. </tr>
  695. <tr valign="top">
  696. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> here </td>
  697. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> hier
  698. </foreignphrase></td>
  699. </tr>
  700. <tr valign="top">
  701. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> to the right </td>
  702. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  703. rechts </foreignphrase></td>
  704. </tr>
  705. <tr valign="top">
  706. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the embassy </td>
  707. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die
  708. Botschaft </foreignphrase></td>
  709. </tr>
  710. <tr valign="top">
  711. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is the embassy here to the right? </td>
  712. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  713. die Botschaft hier rechts? </foreignphrase></td>
  714. </tr>
  715. <tr valign="top">
  716. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> she, it </td>
  717. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sie
  718. </foreignphrase></td>
  719. </tr>
  720. <tr valign="top">
  721. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, it's here to the right. </td>
  722. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, sie ist hier
  723. rechts. </foreignphrase></td>
  724. </tr>
  725. </informaltable>
  726. <informaltable>
  727. <col width="50%"/>
  728. <col width="50%"/>
  729. <tr valign="top">
  730. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> VII</td>
  731. </tr>
  732. <tr valign="top">
  733. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> excuse me the cafe </td>
  734. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  735. Verzeihung das Cafe </foreignphrase></td>
  736. </tr>
  737. <tr valign="top">
  738. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Excuse me, where is the cafe? </td>
  739. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  740. Verzeihung, wo ist das Cafe? </foreignphrase></td>
  741. </tr>
  742. <tr valign="top">
  743. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> straight ahead </td>
  744. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  745. geradeaus </foreignphrase></td>
  746. </tr>
  747. <tr valign="top">
  748. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> There, straight ahead. </td>
  749. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  750. Dort, geradeaus. </foreignphrase></td>
  751. </tr>
  752. <tr valign="top">
  753. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the bank isn't it? (not true?) </td>
  754. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die
  755. Bank nicht wahr </foreignphrase></td>
  756. </tr>
  757. <tr valign="top">
  758. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The bank is there too, isn't it? </td>
  759. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die
  760. Bank ist auch da, nicht wahr? </foreignphrase></td>
  761. </tr>
  762. <tr valign="top">
  763. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, it's there too. </td>
  764. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  765. sie ist auch da. </foreignphrase></td>
  766. </tr>
  767. <tr valign="top">
  768. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> thanks </td>
  769. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  770. danke </foreignphrase></td>
  771. </tr>
  772. <tr valign="top">
  773. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Thanks. </td>
  774. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  775. Danke. </foreignphrase></td>
  776. </tr>
  777. <tr valign="top">
  778. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> you're welcome </td>
  779. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  780. bitte </foreignphrase></td>
  781. </tr>
  782. <tr valign="top">
  783. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> You're welcome. </td>
  784. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  785. Bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
  786. </tr>
  787. </informaltable>
  788. <informaltable>
  789. <col width="50%"/>
  790. <col width="50%"/>
  791. <tr valign="top">
  792. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> VIII</td>
  793. </tr>
  794. <tr valign="top">
  795. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Good morning. </td>
  796. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  797. Guten Morgen. </foreignphrase></td>
  798. </tr>
  799. <tr valign="top">
  800. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> I would like </td>
  801. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich
  802. möchte </foreignphrase></td>
  803. </tr>
  804. <tr valign="top">
  805. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> with pleasure </td>
  806. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> gern
  807. </foreignphrase></td>
  808. </tr>
  809. <tr valign="top">
  810. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I'd like very much </td>
  811. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich
  812. möchte gern </foreignphrase></td>
  813. </tr>
  814. <tr valign="top">
  815. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> some cigars </td>
  816. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  817. Zigarren </foreignphrase></td>
  818. </tr>
  819. <tr valign="top">
  820. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> to have </td>
  821. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  822. haben </foreignphrase></td>
  823. </tr>
  824. <tr valign="top">
  825. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> I'd like to have some cigars. </td>
  826. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich
  827. möchte gern Zigarren haben. </foreignphrase></td>
  828. </tr>
  829. <tr valign="top">
  830. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> how many </td>
  831. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie
  832. viele </foreignphrase></td>
  833. </tr>
  834. <tr valign="top">
  835. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> All right. How many? </td>
  836. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  837. Gern. Wie viele? </foreignphrase></td>
  838. </tr>
  839. <tr valign="top">
  840. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> five </td>
  841. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> fünf
  842. </foreignphrase></td>
  843. </tr>
  844. <tr valign="top">
  845. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> and </td>
  846. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> und
  847. </foreignphrase></td>
  848. </tr>
  849. <tr valign="top">
  850. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> some matches </td>
  851. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  852. Streichhölzer </foreignphrase></td>
  853. </tr>
  854. <tr valign="top">
  855. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Five, and some matches too, please. </td>
  856. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  857. Fünf, und bitte auch Streichhölzer. </foreignphrase></td>
  858. </tr>
  859. <tr valign="top">
  860. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Here you are. </td>
  861. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  862. Hier, bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
  863. </tr>
  864. <tr valign="top">
  865. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> how much </td>
  866. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie
  867. viel </foreignphrase></td>
  868. </tr>
  869. <tr valign="top">
  870. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> costs </td>
  871. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  872. kostet </foreignphrase></td>
  873. </tr>
  874. <tr valign="top">
  875. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How much does that cost? </td>
  876. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  877. viel kostet das? </foreignphrase></td>
  878. </tr>
  879. <tr valign="top">
  880. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the cigars </td>
  881. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die
  882. Zigarren </foreignphrase></td>
  883. </tr>
  884. <tr valign="top">
  885. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> cost </td>
  886. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  887. kosten </foreignphrase></td>
  888. </tr>
  889. <tr valign="top">
  890. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> two </td>
  891. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zwei
  892. </foreignphrase></td>
  893. </tr>
  894. <tr valign="top">
  895. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Mark </td>
  896. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Mark
  897. </foreignphrase></td>
  898. </tr>
  899. <tr valign="top">
  900. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The cigars cost two Marks. </td>
  901. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Zigarren
  902. kosten zwei Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
  903. </tr>
  904. <tr valign="top">
  905. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the matches </td>
  906. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Streichhölzer
  907. </foreignphrase></td>
  908. </tr>
  909. <tr valign="top">
  910. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> ten </td>
  911. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zehn
  912. </foreignphrase></td>
  913. </tr>
  914. <tr valign="top">
  915. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> penny, pennies </td>
  916. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  917. Pfennig </foreignphrase></td>
  918. </tr>
  919. <tr valign="top">
  920. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The matches cost ten pennies. </td>
  921. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Streichhölzer
  922. kosten zehn Pfennig. </foreignphrase></td>
  923. </tr>
  924. <tr valign="top">
  925. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> would like </td>
  926. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  927. möchten </foreignphrase></td>
  928. </tr>
  929. <tr valign="top">
  930. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> would you like </td>
  931. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  932. möchten Sie </foreignphrase></td>
  933. </tr>
  934. <tr valign="top">
  935. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> some cigarettes </td>
  936. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  937. Zigaretten </foreignphrase></td>
  938. </tr>
  939. <tr valign="top">
  940. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Would you like to have some cigarettes
  941. too? </td>
  942. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  943. Möchten Sie auch Zigaretten haben? </foreignphrase></td>
  944. </tr>
  945. <tr valign="top">
  946. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> they </td>
  947. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sie
  948. </foreignphrase></td>
  949. </tr>
  950. <tr valign="top">
  951. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> they cost </td>
  952. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sie
  953. kosten </foreignphrase></td>
  954. </tr>
  955. <tr valign="top">
  956. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, how much do they cost? </td>
  957. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  958. wie viel kosten sie? </foreignphrase></td>
  959. </tr>
  960. <tr valign="top">
  961. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> one </td>
  962. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> eine
  963. </foreignphrase></td>
  964. </tr>
  965. <tr valign="top">
  966. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> One Mark. </td>
  967. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Eine
  968. Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
  969. </tr>
  970. <tr valign="top">
  971. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Here you are. </td>
  972. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  973. Bitte schön</foreignphrase></td>
  974. </tr>
  975. <tr valign="top">
  976. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Thank you. </td>
  977. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  978. Danke schön. </foreignphrase></td>
  979. </tr>
  980. </informaltable>
  981. <informaltable>
  982. <col width="50%"/>
  983. <col width="50%"/>
  984. <tr valign="top">
  985. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> IX</td>
  986. </tr>
  987. <tr valign="top">
  988. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Good evening. </td>
  989. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  990. Guten Abend. </foreignphrase></td>
  991. </tr>
  992. <tr valign="top">
  993. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> to eat </td>
  994. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  995. essen </foreignphrase></td>
  996. </tr>
  997. <tr valign="top">
  998. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Would you like to eat? </td>
  999. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1000. Möchten Sie essen? </foreignphrase></td>
  1001. </tr>
  1002. <tr valign="top">
  1003. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> sausage and sauerkraut </td>
  1004. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1005. Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut </foreignphrase></td>
  1006. </tr>
  1007. <tr valign="top">
  1008. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, sausage and sauerkraut please. </td>
  1009. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  1010. Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut, bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
  1011. </tr>
  1012. <tr valign="top">
  1013. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> some, a little </td>
  1014. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1015. etwas </foreignphrase></td>
  1016. </tr>
  1017. <tr valign="top">
  1018. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> bread </td>
  1019. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Brot
  1020. </foreignphrase></td>
  1021. </tr>
  1022. <tr valign="top">
  1023. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> And a little bread. </td>
  1024. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Und
  1025. etwas Brot. </foreignphrase></td>
  1026. </tr>
  1027. </informaltable>
  1028. <informaltable>
  1029. <col width="50%"/>
  1030. <col width="50%"/>
  1031. <tr valign="top">
  1032. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> X</td>
  1033. </tr>
  1034. <tr valign="top">
  1035. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the wine </td>
  1036. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Wein
  1037. </foreignphrase></td>
  1038. </tr>
  1039. <tr valign="top">
  1040. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How's the wine, and how's the beer? </td>
  1041. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  1042. ist der Wein und wie ist das Bier? </foreignphrase></td>
  1043. </tr>
  1044. <tr valign="top">
  1045. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> are </td>
  1046. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sind
  1047. </foreignphrase></td>
  1048. </tr>
  1049. <tr valign="top">
  1050. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The wine and the beer are good. </td>
  1051. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
  1052. Wein und das Bier sind gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  1053. </tr>
  1054. <tr valign="top">
  1055. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> but </td>
  1056. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> aber
  1057. </foreignphrase></td>
  1058. </tr>
  1059. <tr valign="top">
  1060. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the coffee </td>
  1061. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der
  1062. Kaffee </foreignphrase></td>
  1063. </tr>
  1064. <tr valign="top">
  1065. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> But the coffee's not good. </td>
  1066. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Aber
  1067. der Kaffee ist nicht gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  1068. </tr>
  1069. <tr valign="top">
  1070. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the tea </td>
  1071. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Tee
  1072. </foreignphrase></td>
  1073. </tr>
  1074. <tr valign="top">
  1075. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> not ... either </td>
  1076. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auch
  1077. nicht </foreignphrase></td>
  1078. </tr>
  1079. <tr valign="top">
  1080. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> And the tea isn't good either. </td>
  1081. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Und
  1082. der Tee ist auch nicht gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  1083. </tr>
  1084. <tr valign="top">
  1085. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the milk </td>
  1086. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die
  1087. Milch </foreignphrase></td>
  1088. </tr>
  1089. <tr valign="top">
  1090. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is the milk good? </td>
  1091. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist die Milch
  1092. gut? </foreignphrase></td>
  1093. </tr>
  1094. <tr valign="top">
  1095. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, the milk is very good. </td>
  1096. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  1097. die Milch ist sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  1098. </tr>
  1099. <tr valign="top">
  1100. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the water </td>
  1101. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das
  1102. Wasser </foreignphrase></td>
  1103. </tr>
  1104. <tr valign="top">
  1105. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How's the water here? </td>
  1106. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  1107. ist hier das Wasser? </foreignphrase></td>
  1108. </tr>
  1109. <tr valign="top">
  1110. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The water is good. </td>
  1111. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das Wasser ist
  1112. gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  1113. </tr>
  1114. </informaltable>
  1115. <informaltable>
  1116. <col width="50%"/>
  1117. <col width="50%"/>
  1118. <tr valign="top">
  1119. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> XI</td>
  1120. </tr>
  1121. <tr valign="top">
  1122. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> zero - one - two - three - four </td>
  1123. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
  1124. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">null</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
  1125. xml:lang="de-1901">eins</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
  1126. xml:lang="de-1901">zwei</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
  1127. xml:lang="de-1901">drei</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
  1128. xml:lang="de-1901">vier</foreignphrase>
  1129. </td>
  1130. </tr>
  1131. <tr valign="top">
  1132. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> five - six - seven - eight </td>
  1133. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
  1134. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">fünf</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
  1135. xml:lang="de-1901">sechs</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
  1136. xml:lang="de-1901">sieben</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
  1137. xml:lang="de-1901">acht</foreignphrase>
  1138. </td>
  1139. </tr>
  1140. <tr valign="top">
  1141. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> nine - ten - eleven - twelve </td>
  1142. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
  1143. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">neun</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
  1144. xml:lang="de-1901">zehn</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
  1145. xml:lang="de-1901">elf</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
  1146. xml:lang="de-1901">zwölf</foreignphrase>
  1147. </td>
  1148. </tr>
  1149. <tr valign="top">
  1150. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How much is three and five? </td>
  1151. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  1152. viel ist drei und fünf? </foreignphrase></td>
  1153. </tr>
  1154. <tr valign="top">
  1155. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Three and five is eight. </td>
  1156. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Drei
  1157. und fünf ist acht. </foreignphrase></td>
  1158. </tr>
  1159. <tr valign="top">
  1160. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How much is seven and four? </td>
  1161. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  1162. viel ist sieben und vier? </foreignphrase></td>
  1163. </tr>
  1164. <tr valign="top">
  1165. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Seven and four is eleven. </td>
  1166. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1167. Sieben und vier ist elf. </foreignphrase></td>
  1168. </tr>
  1169. <tr valign="top">
  1170. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How much is two and ten? </td>
  1171. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  1172. viel ist zwei und zehn? </foreignphrase></td>
  1173. </tr>
  1174. <tr valign="top">
  1175. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Two and ten is twelve. </td>
  1176. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Zwei
  1177. und zehn ist zwölf. </foreignphrase></td>
  1178. </tr>
  1179. <tr valign="top">
  1180. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> again </td>
  1181. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1182. nochmal </foreignphrase></td>
  1183. </tr>
  1184. <tr valign="top">
  1185. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Say it again/ please. </td>
  1186. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1187. Nochmal, bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
  1188. </tr>
  1189. <tr valign="top">
  1190. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Two and ten is twelve. </td>
  1191. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Zwei
  1192. und zehn ist zwölf. </foreignphrase></td>
  1193. </tr>
  1194. </informaltable>
  1195. <informaltable>
  1196. <col width="50%"/>
  1197. <col width="50%"/>
  1198. <tr valign="top">
  1199. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> XII</td>
  1200. </tr>
  1201. <tr valign="top">
  1202. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> one, you </td>
  1203. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> man
  1204. </foreignphrase></td>
  1205. </tr>
  1206. <tr valign="top">
  1207. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> says </td>
  1208. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sagt
  1209. </foreignphrase></td>
  1210. </tr>
  1211. <tr valign="top">
  1212. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> does one say </td>
  1213. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sagt
  1214. man </foreignphrase></td>
  1215. </tr>
  1216. <tr valign="top">
  1217. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> in German </td>
  1218. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auf
  1219. deutsch </foreignphrase></td>
  1220. </tr>
  1221. <tr valign="top">
  1222. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How do you say 'good bye' in German? </td>
  1223. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  1224. sagt man 'good bye' auf deutsch? </foreignphrase></td>
  1225. </tr>
  1226. <tr valign="top">
  1227. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> good bye </td>
  1228. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Auf
  1229. Wiedersehen </foreignphrase></td>
  1230. </tr>
  1231. <tr valign="top">
  1232. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> You say 'Auf Wiedersehen'. </td>
  1233. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Man
  1234. sagt 'Auf Wiedersehen'. </foreignphrase></td>
  1235. </tr>
  1236. </informaltable>
  1237. </section>
  1238. <section>
  1239. <title>Notes on pronunciation</title>
  1240. <para> The spelling of a language only symbolizes to the native speaker the sounds Which
  1241. he already knows. You will learn these sounds directly from your instructor; the
  1242. spelling will serve as an aid to listening. No spelling system adequately represents
  1243. the sounds of the spoken language, and no attempt will be made at this point to
  1244. outline exactly what sounds are represented by what symbols of the German spelling
  1245. system. We will however present for particular drill and attention in each unit
  1246. certain sounds which have shown themselves to be difficult for speakers of American
  1247. English. In the meantime we ask you to remember two cardinal points:<orderedlist>
  1248. <listitem>
  1249. <para> The German of your text is printed in the standard German written
  1250. style.</para>
  1251. </listitem>
  1252. <listitem>
  1253. <para> The letter-symbols used, although in most cases the same symbols we
  1254. use in written English, in most cases do not represent exactly the same
  1255. sounds we use in English. Therefore, DO NOT EXPECT GERMAN WRITTEN
  1256. SYMBOLS TO REPRESENT SOUND VALUES YOU KNOW IN ENGLISH.</para>
  1257. </listitem>
  1258. </orderedlist></para>
  1259. <para> Pronunciation Practices. To be drilled in class.<variablelist>
  1260. <varlistentry>
  1261. <term>A. Short Vowels</term>
  1262. <listitem>
  1263. <para> The German short vowels i,e,a and u are not dissimilar from
  1264. English sounds. The o, however, is probably different from any sound
  1265. that you have in English. Do not try to replace it by a sound from
  1266. English, but rather reproduce the pronunciation of your instructor.
  1267. The German front rounded vowels ö and ü do not occur in English. To
  1268. produce the ö, put your tongue in the position for the German e and
  1269. round your lips; for ü, put your tongue in the position for the
  1270. German i and round your lips. You will then produce a sound similar
  1271. to the German sound. Experiment until your instructor is satisfied
  1272. with your pronunciation. Do not worry about the meaning of the words
  1273. in these practices. Concentrate instead on the sounds.</para>
  1274. <informaltable>
  1275. <col width="20%"/>
  1276. <col width="20%"/>
  1277. <col width="20%"/>
  1278. <col width="20%"/>
  1279. <col width="20%"/>
  1280. <tr>
  1281. <td rowspan="1" colspan="5" align="left" valign="top"> Practice
  1282. l(a) </td>
  1283. </tr>
  1284. <tr valign="top">
  1285. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
  1286. > Short i </emphasis></td>
  1287. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
  1288. > Short e</emphasis></td>
  1289. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
  1290. > Short a</emphasis></td>
  1291. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
  1292. > Short o</emphasis></td>
  1293. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
  1294. > Short u </emphasis></td>
  1295. </tr>
  1296. <tr valign="top">
  1297. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center">
  1298. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">bitte</foreignphrase>
  1299. </td>
  1300. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1301. xml:lang="de-1901"> denn </foreignphrase></td>
  1302. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1303. xml:lang="de-1901"> das </foreignphrase></td>
  1304. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1305. xml:lang="de-1901"> kostet </foreignphrase></td>
  1306. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1307. xml:lang="de-1901"> muss </foreignphrase></td>
  1308. </tr>
  1309. <tr valign="top">
  1310. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1311. xml:lang="de-1901"> ist </foreignphrase></td>
  1312. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1313. xml:lang="de-1901"> essen </foreignphrase></td>
  1314. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1315. xml:lang="de-1901"> Mann </foreignphrase></td>
  1316. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1317. xml:lang="de-1901"> Sonne </foreignphrase></td>
  1318. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1319. xml:lang="de-1901"> Mutter </foreignphrase></td>
  1320. </tr>
  1321. <tr valign="top">
  1322. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1323. xml:lang="de-1901"> in </foreignphrase></td>
  1324. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1325. xml:lang="de-1901"> etwas </foreignphrase></td>
  1326. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1327. xml:lang="de-1901"> an </foreignphrase></td>
  1328. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1329. xml:lang="de-1901"> Doktor </foreignphrase></td>
  1330. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1331. xml:lang="de-1901"> und </foreignphrase></td>
  1332. </tr>
  1333. <tr valign="top">
  1334. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
  1335. > Short ö </emphasis></td>
  1336. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
  1337. > Short ü</emphasis></td>
  1338. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
  1339. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
  1340. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
  1341. > - e (unstressed) </emphasis></td>
  1342. </tr>
  1343. <tr valign="top">
  1344. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1345. xml:lang="de-1901"> können </foreignphrase></td>
  1346. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1347. xml:lang="de-1901"> Mütter </foreignphrase></td>
  1348. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
  1349. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1350. xml:lang="de-1901"> bitte </foreignphrase></td>
  1351. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1352. xml:lang="de-1901"> genug </foreignphrase></td>
  1353. </tr>
  1354. <tr valign="top">
  1355. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1356. xml:lang="de-1901"> möchte </foreignphrase></td>
  1357. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1358. xml:lang="de-1901"> fünf </foreignphrase></td>
  1359. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
  1360. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1361. xml:lang="de-1901"> danke </foreignphrase></td>
  1362. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1363. xml:lang="de-1901"> gesehen </foreignphrase></td>
  1364. </tr>
  1365. <tr valign="top">
  1366. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1367. xml:lang="de-1901"> öfter </foreignphrase></td>
  1368. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1369. xml:lang="de-1901"> Hütte </foreignphrase></td>
  1370. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
  1371. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1372. xml:lang="de-1901"> Sonne </foreignphrase></td>
  1373. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
  1374. xml:lang="de-1901"> bekommen </foreignphrase></td>
  1375. </tr>
  1376. </informaltable>
  1377. <informaltable>
  1378. <col width="50%"/>
  1379. <col width="50%"/>
  1380. <tr valign="top">
  1381. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Practice 1(b) </td>
  1382. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
  1383. </tr>
  1384. <tr valign="top">
  1385. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center">
  1386. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">mit</foreignphrase> -
  1387. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Mütter</foreignphrase>
  1388. </td>
  1389. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center">
  1390. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">kennen</foreignphrase> -
  1391. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">können</foreignphrase>
  1392. </td>
  1393. </tr>
  1394. <tr valign="top">
  1395. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center">
  1396. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">missen</foreignphrase> -
  1397. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">müssen</foreignphrase>
  1398. </td>
  1399. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center">
  1400. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">stecke</foreignphrase> -
  1401. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Stöcke</foreignphrase>
  1402. </td>
  1403. </tr>
  1404. </informaltable>
  1405. </listitem>
  1406. </varlistentry>
  1407. <varlistentry>
  1408. <term>B. Long Vowels</term>
  1409. <listitem>
  1410. <para> There are no sounds in English exactly like the German long
  1411. vowels. If you will pronounce English gate and then ask your
  1412. instructor to pronounce German <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
  1413. xml:lang="de-1901">geht</foreignphrase></emphasis>, you will
  1414. notice that the English vowel sound seems to change during its
  1415. pronunciation, but the German sound seems tense and stable
  1416. throughout its duration. Your tongue actually moves during the
  1417. production of the English vowel sound, but during the production of
  1418. the German sound the tongue remains in the same position. The long ö
  1419. and ü are formed approximately like short ö and ü. Pronounce German
  1420. long e and round your lips to form ö , and pronounce German long i
  1421. and round your lips to form ü </para>
  1422. <para><emphasis role="bold">Practice 2(a)</emphasis></para>
  1423. <informaltable>
  1424. <col width="12.5%"/>
  1425. <col width="12.5%"/>
  1426. <col width="12.5%"/>
  1427. <col width="12.5%"/>
  1428. <col width="12.5%"/>
  1429. <col width="12.5%"/>
  1430. <col width="12.5%"/>
  1431. <col width="12.5%"/>
  1432. <tr align="center">
  1433. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Long </td>
  1434. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> i </td>
  1435. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e</td>
  1436. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a </td>
  1437. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> o</td>
  1438. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> u </td>
  1439. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ö </td>
  1440. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ü </td>
  1441. </tr>
  1442. <tr align="center">
  1443. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
  1444. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1445. wie </foreignphrase></td>
  1446. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1447. geht </foreignphrase></td>
  1448. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1449. Tag </foreignphrase></td>
  1450. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1451. Sohn </foreignphrase></td>
  1452. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1453. gut </foreignphrase></td>
  1454. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1455. König </foreignphrase></td>
  1456. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1457. für </foreignphrase></td>
  1458. </tr>
  1459. <tr align="center">
  1460. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
  1461. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1462. ihnen </foreignphrase></td>
  1463. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1464. Tee </foreignphrase></td>
  1465. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1466. Abend </foreignphrase></td>
  1467. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1468. oder </foreignphrase></td>
  1469. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1470. du </foreignphrase></td>
  1471. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1472. schön </foreignphrase></td>
  1473. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1474. Tür </foreignphrase></td>
  1475. </tr>
  1476. <tr align="center">
  1477. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
  1478. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1479. viel </foreignphrase></td>
  1480. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1481. den </foreignphrase></td>
  1482. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1483. Bahn </foreignphrase></td>
  1484. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1485. wo </foreignphrase></td>
  1486. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1487. Flug </foreignphrase></td>
  1488. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1489. öde </foreignphrase></td>
  1490. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  1491. >über </foreignphrase></td>
  1492. </tr>
  1493. </informaltable>
  1494. <para><emphasis role="bold">Practice 2(b)</emphasis></para>
  1495. <informaltable>
  1496. <col width="50%"/>
  1497. <col width="50%"/>
  1498. <tr align="center">
  1499. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
  1500. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">vier</foreignphrase> -
  1501. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">für</foreignphrase>
  1502. </td>
  1503. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
  1504. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">lesen</foreignphrase> -
  1505. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">lösen</foreignphrase>
  1506. </td>
  1507. </tr>
  1508. <tr align="center">
  1509. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
  1510. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Tier</foreignphrase> -
  1511. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Tür</foreignphrase>
  1512. </td>
  1513. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
  1514. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Sehne</foreignphrase> -
  1515. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Söhne</foreignphrase>
  1516. </td>
  1517. </tr>
  1518. </informaltable>
  1519. </listitem>
  1520. </varlistentry>
  1521. <varlistentry>
  1522. <term>C. </term>
  1523. <listitem>
  1524. <para><emphasis role="bold">Distinguishing Long and Short
  1525. Vowels</emphasis></para>
  1526. <para> It is NOT ALWAYS POSSIBLE to distinguish long and short vowels in
  1527. written German, as the German spelling system does not consistently
  1528. mark them as such. Your best guide to the pronunciation of any given
  1529. word is the way your native instructor pronounces it. However, a few
  1530. hints can be given which will help you to recognize them <emphasis
  1531. role="bold">most</emphasis> of the time. If you look back at the
  1532. practice lists above you will see that the short vowels in <emphasis
  1533. role="bold">most</emphasis> cases are followed by two or more
  1534. consonants and they are always written with a single letter symbol.
  1535. Then note that the long vowels are <emphasis role="bold">not
  1536. always</emphasis> written with a single letter symbol and
  1537. usually are followed by only one consonant. The following
  1538. combinations of letters always designate long vowels: ie, ih - eh,
  1539. ee - ah, aa - oh, oo - uh - öh - üh </para>
  1540. </listitem>
  1541. </varlistentry>
  1542. <varlistentry>
  1543. <term>D. </term>
  1544. <listitem>
  1545. <para><emphasis role="bold">Diphthongs</emphasis></para>
  1546. <para>These combinations of two vowel sounds in German are very similar,
  1547. though not identical to certain vowel combinations in
  1548. English.</para>
  1549. <para><emphasis role="bold">Practice 3</emphasis></para>
  1550. <informaltable>
  1551. <col width="33%"/>
  1552. <col width="33%"/>
  1553. <col width="33%"/>
  1554. <tr align="center">
  1555. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ei </td>
  1556. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> au </td>
  1557. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> eu (äu) </td>
  1558. </tr>
  1559. <tr align="center">
  1560. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1561. nein </foreignphrase></td>
  1562. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1563. auch </foreignphrase></td>
  1564. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1565. deutsch </foreignphrase></td>
  1566. </tr>
  1567. <tr align="center">
  1568. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1569. eins </foreignphrase></td>
  1570. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1571. Tau </foreignphrase></td>
  1572. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1573. neun </foreignphrase></td>
  1574. </tr>
  1575. <tr align="center">
  1576. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1577. Wein </foreignphrase></td>
  1578. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1579. Laut </foreignphrase></td>
  1580. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1581. läute </foreignphrase></td>
  1582. </tr>
  1583. </informaltable>
  1584. </listitem>
  1585. </varlistentry>
  1586. </variablelist></para>
  1587. </section>
  1588. <section>
  1589. <title>Notes on grammar</title>
  1590. <subtitle>(For home study)</subtitle>
  1591. <orderedlist numeration="upperalpha">
  1592. <listitem>
  1593. <para> The German Noun-Classification ('Gender') System.<orderedlist
  1594. numeration="upperroman">
  1595. <listitem>
  1596. <para>The three classes of nouns.</para>
  1597. <para>
  1598. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"><emphasis role="bold"
  1599. >Der</emphasis> Wein ist nicht gut.</foreignphrase>
  1600. <emphasis role="bold">The</emphasis> wine isn't good.</para>
  1601. <para>
  1602. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"><emphasis role="bold"
  1603. >Das</emphasis> Bier ist gut.</foreignphrase>
  1604. <emphasis role="bold">The</emphasis> beer is good.</para>
  1605. <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  1606. <emphasis role="bold">Die</emphasis> Milch ist auch
  1607. gut.</foreignphrase>
  1608. <emphasis role="bold">The</emphasis> milk is good too.</para>
  1609. <orderedlist>
  1610. <listitem>
  1611. <para> German has three words for 'the': <emphasis
  1612. role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  1613. >der</foreignphrase></emphasis>, <emphasis
  1614. role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  1615. >das</foreignphrase></emphasis> and <emphasis
  1616. role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  1617. >die</foreignphrase></emphasis>; and German nouns
  1618. can be divided into three classes according to which of
  1619. the three words for 'the* they go with. <emphasis
  1620. role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  1621. >Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> goes only with
  1622. <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
  1623. xml:lang="de-1901">der</foreignphrase></emphasis>,
  1624. never with <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
  1625. xml:lang="de-1901">das</foreignphrase></emphasis>,
  1626. never with <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
  1627. xml:lang="de-1901">die</foreignphrase></emphasis>.
  1628. Bier goes only with <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
  1629. xml:lang="de-1901">das</foreignphrase></emphasis>,
  1630. and so on.</para>
  1631. </listitem>
  1632. <listitem>
  1633. <para> We will refer to these three classes of nouns, for
  1634. obvious reasons, as <emphasis role="bold"
  1635. >der-</emphasis>nouns, <emphasis role="bold"
  1636. >das</emphasis>-nouns and <emphasis role="bold"
  1637. >die-</emphasis>nouns. (1 <emphasis role="bold"
  1638. ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  1639. >Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> is <emphasis
  1640. role="bold">der-</emphasis>noun-' '<emphasis
  1641. role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  1642. >Hotel</foreignphrase></emphasis> is a <emphasis
  1643. role="bold">das-</emphasis>noun.1)</para>
  1644. </listitem>
  1645. <listitem>
  1646. <para> The traditional statement about this phenomenon is:
  1647. 'German nouns have three genders—masculine, feminine,
  1648. and neuter.' we will not use this terminology because it
  1649. tends to mislead English-speaking students by suggesting
  1650. that the German noun classification has something to do
  1651. with sex differentiation. It doesn't. See paragraph
  1652. III.</para>
  1653. </listitem>
  1654. <listitem>
  1655. <para> Insofar as the <emphasis role="bold">basic
  1656. stock</emphasis> of German nouns is concerned (nouns
  1657. like house, grass, sky, wine, beer, milk), there is
  1658. absolutely no sense or rationale to the classification
  1659. system; there is no way at all of anticipating which
  1660. class any given noun belongs to. You must simply learn
  1661. the word for 'the' as a part of the noun: the German
  1662. word for 'wine1 is <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
  1663. xml:lang="de-1901">der
  1664. Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis>. And you must
  1665. practice saying <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
  1666. xml:lang="de-1901">der
  1667. Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> often enough so that
  1668. <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
  1669. xml:lang="de-1901">das
  1670. Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> or <emphasis
  1671. role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die
  1672. Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> sounds as wrong to
  1673. you as 'The father of his country — Henry
  1674. Washington.'</para>
  1675. </listitem>
  1676. <listitem>
  1677. <para> Now, Henry Washington is a perfectly good name; but
  1678. it's wrong, and every^ American knows it's wrong. By the
  1679. same token, <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
  1680. xml:lang="de-1901">das
  1681. Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> is a perfectly good
  1682. form; but it's wrong, and every German knows it's
  1683. wrong.</para>
  1684. </listitem>
  1685. <listitem>
  1686. <para> With <emphasis role="bold">derivative</emphasis>
  1687. nouns (that is, nouns made from other words, like our
  1688. happyness, brother-hood) your problem is easier. The
  1689. classification of German derivative nouns is fairly
  1690. orderly and consistent. Nouns ending in -ung, for
  1691. example, are always <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
  1692. xml:lang="de-1901"
  1693. >die</foreignphrase></emphasis>-nouns: <emphasis
  1694. role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die
  1695. Verzeihung</foreignphrase></emphasis> 'the
  1696. forgiveness, the pardon. And nouns ending with the
  1697. diminutive suffixes -lein and -chen are always <emphasis
  1698. role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  1699. >das-</foreignphrase></emphasis>nouns: <emphasis
  1700. role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das
  1701. Fräulein</foreignphrase></emphasis> 'the miss,
  1702. waitress,'</para>
  1703. <para>
  1704. <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  1705. >das Mädchen</foreignphrase></emphasis> 'the
  1706. little girl.' We will deal with the formation of the
  1707. various kinds of derivative nouns as we go along through
  1708. the units.</para>
  1709. </listitem>
  1710. <listitem>
  1711. <para> But if the classification of derivative nouns is
  1712. orderly and consistent, the classification of the basic
  1713. stock of German nouns remains virtually chaotic. There
  1714. really is no system at all for guessing Which class a
  1715. noun belongs to; it's not something you can reason out
  1716. or get the knack of. It is not the same as our <emphasis
  1717. role="bold">he-she-it</emphasis> system, as we'll
  1718. see in. a minute. There is absolutely nothing in English
  1719. like it. Your only solution is to use the nouns until
  1720. you know them as well as you know 'George
  1721. Washington.'</para>
  1722. </listitem>
  1723. </orderedlist>
  1724. </listitem>
  1725. <listitem>
  1726. <para>Pronouns Corresponding to the Three Classes of
  1727. Nouns.<informaltable frame="all">
  1728. <tgroup cols="4">
  1729. <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  1730. <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  1731. <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  1732. <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  1733. <tbody>
  1734. <row>
  1735. <entry>Wo ist der Bahnof?</entry>
  1736. <entry>Er ist dort.</entry>
  1737. <entry>Where is the station?</entry>
  1738. <entry>It's there.</entry>
  1739. </row>
  1740. <row>
  1741. <entry>Wo ist das Hotel?</entry>
  1742. <entry>Es ist dort.</entry>
  1743. <entry>Where is the hotel?</entry>
  1744. <entry>It's there.</entry>
  1745. </row>
  1746. <row>
  1747. <entry>Wo ist die Botshaft?</entry>
  1748. <entry>Sie ist dort.</entry>
  1749. <entry>Where is the ambassy?</entry>
  1750. <entry>It's there.</entry>
  1751. </row>
  1752. </tbody>
  1753. </tgroup>
  1754. </informaltable></para>
  1755. <para> As these examples show, there is a special <emphasis
  1756. role="bold">pronoun</emphasis> for each of the three classes
  1757. of nouns. Notice the correspondence in the final sounds of the
  1758. pairs <emphasis role="bold">der</emphasis>-er, <emphasis
  1759. role="bold">das-es</emphasis>, and <emphasis role="bold"
  1760. >die-sie</emphasis>. This is no coincidence.</para>
  1761. </listitem>
  1762. <listitem>
  1763. <para>Contrast between German and English Pronoun Usage.</para>
  1764. <informaltable frame="all">
  1765. <tgroup cols="4">
  1766. <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  1767. <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  1768. <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  1769. <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  1770. <tbody>
  1771. <row>
  1772. <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">der</emphasis>
  1773. Bahnhof?</entry>
  1774. <entry><emphasis role="bold">Er</emphasis> ist
  1775. dort.</entry>
  1776. <entry>Where is <emphasis role="bold">the</emphasis>
  1777. station?</entry>
  1778. <entry>
  1779. <emphasis role="bold">It's</emphasis>
  1780. there.</entry>
  1781. </row>
  1782. <row>
  1783. <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">der</emphasis>
  1784. Mann?</entry>
  1785. <entry><emphasis role="bold">Er</emphasis> ist
  1786. dort.</entry>
  1787. <entry>Where's <emphasis role="bold">the</emphasis>
  1788. man?</entry>
  1789. <entry><emphasis role="bold">He's</emphasis>
  1790. here.</entry>
  1791. </row>
  1792. <row>
  1793. <entry namest="c1" nameend="c4"/>
  1794. </row>
  1795. <row>
  1796. <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">das</emphasis>
  1797. Hotel?</entry>
  1798. <entry><emphasis role="bold">Es</emphasis> ist
  1799. dort.</entry>
  1800. <entry>Where is <emphasis role="bold">the</emphasis>
  1801. hotel?</entry>
  1802. <entry>
  1803. <emphasis role="bold">It's</emphasis>
  1804. there.</entry>
  1805. </row>
  1806. <row>
  1807. <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">das</emphasis>
  1808. Kind?</entry>
  1809. <entry><emphasis role="bold">Es</emphasis> ist
  1810. dort.</entry>
  1811. <entry>Where is <emphasis role="bold">the</emphasis>
  1812. child?</entry>
  1813. <entry>
  1814. <para><emphasis role="bold">He's</emphasis>
  1815. here.</para>
  1816. <para><emphasis role="bold">She's</emphasis>
  1817. here</para>
  1818. </entry>
  1819. </row>
  1820. <row>
  1821. <entry namest="c1" nameend="c4"/>
  1822. </row>
  1823. <row>
  1824. <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">die</emphasis>
  1825. Botschaft?</entry>
  1826. <entry>
  1827. <emphasis role="bold">Sie</emphasis> ist
  1828. dort.</entry>
  1829. <entry> Where is <emphasis role="bold"
  1830. >the</emphasis> embassy?</entry>
  1831. <entry>
  1832. <emphasis role="bold">It's</emphasis>
  1833. there.</entry>
  1834. </row>
  1835. <row>
  1836. <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">die</emphasis>
  1837. Frau?</entry>
  1838. <entry><emphasis role="bold">Sie</emphasis> ist
  1839. dort.</entry>
  1840. <entry>Where's <emphasis role="bold">the</emphasis>
  1841. woman?</entry>
  1842. <entry><emphasis role="bold">She's</emphasis>
  1843. here.</entry>
  1844. </row>
  1845. </tbody>
  1846. </tgroup>
  1847. </informaltable>
  1848. <para> These examples show that the German pronouns er, <emphasis
  1849. role="bold">sie</emphasis>, and es do not match up with the
  1850. English pronouns 'he', 'she', and 'it'. The English <emphasis
  1851. role="bold">he-she-it</emphasis> system has an entirely
  1852. different foundation from the German noun-classification
  1853. ('gender') system. In the English system, the choice of pronoun
  1854. depends upon the sex (male, female, or sexless) of some
  1855. non-linguistic entity—a man ('he'), a woman ('she'), or a table
  1856. ('it'). In the German system, on the other hand, the choice of
  1857. pronoun depends upon the linguistic classification of the noun
  1858. you are replacing, except in reference to human beings.</para>
  1859. </listitem>
  1860. <listitem>
  1861. <para>Pronouns Referring to People.<informaltable frame="all">
  1862. <tgroup cols="2">
  1863. <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  1864. <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  1865. <tbody>
  1866. <row>
  1867. <entry>Wo ist das Fraülein?</entry>
  1868. <entry>Where is the waitress?</entry>
  1869. </row>
  1870. <row>
  1871. <entry>Sie ist dort.</entry>
  1872. <entry>She's there.</entry>
  1873. </row>
  1874. </tbody>
  1875. </tgroup>
  1876. </informaltable> Since all German nouns referring to men are
  1877. <emphasis role="bold">der-nouns</emphasis> and virtually all
  1878. German nouns referring to women are <emphasis role="bold"
  1879. ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  1880. >die</foreignphrase></emphasis>-nouns. <emphasis role="bold"
  1881. ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  1882. >er</foreignphrase></emphasis> and <emphasis role="bold"
  1883. ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  1884. >sie</foreignphrase></emphasis> correspond to 'he' and 'she'
  1885. — when they refer to <emphasis role="bold">human
  1886. beings</emphasis>. Consequently, one says <emphasis
  1887. role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  1888. >sie</foreignphrase></emphasis> when referring to
  1889. <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das
  1890. Fräulein</foreignphrase></emphasis>. Who is, after all,
  1891. die lunge Dame 'the young lady',<emphasis role="bold"
  1892. ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die
  1893. Tochte</foreignphrase></emphasis>r 'the daughter',
  1894. <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die
  1895. Schwester</foreignphrase></emphasis> 'the sister', and
  1896. so on, as well as <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
  1897. xml:lang="de-1901">das
  1898. Fräulein</foreignphrase></emphasis>.</para>
  1899. </listitem>
  1900. <listitem>
  1901. <para>No classification in the Plural.</para>
  1902. <informaltable>
  1903. <col width="25%"/>
  1904. <col width="25%"/>
  1905. <col width="25%"/>
  1906. <col width="25%"/>
  1907. <tr valign="top">
  1908. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
  1909. xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo sind die Bahnhöfe?
  1910. </foreignphrase></td>
  1911. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
  1912. xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind hier.
  1913. </foreignphrase></td>
  1914. <td rowspan="1" align="left">Where are the stations? </td>
  1915. <td rowspan="1" align="left"> They're here. </td>
  1916. </tr>
  1917. <tr valign="top">
  1918. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
  1919. xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo sind die Hotels?
  1920. </foreignphrase></td>
  1921. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
  1922. xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind hier.
  1923. </foreignphrase></td>
  1924. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Where are the
  1925. hotels? </td>
  1926. <td colspan="1" align="justify"> They're here. </td>
  1927. </tr>
  1928. <tr valign="top">
  1929. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
  1930. xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo sind die Frauen?
  1931. </foreignphrase></td>
  1932. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
  1933. xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind hier.
  1934. </foreignphrase></td>
  1935. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Where are the
  1936. women? </td>
  1937. <td colspan="1" align="justify">They're here. </td>
  1938. </tr>
  1939. </informaltable>
  1940. <para>As these examples show, the three-fold classification we've
  1941. been discussing applies only to nouns in the singular. In the
  1942. plural, there is only one word for 'the', and only one
  1943. pronoun.</para>
  1944. </listitem>
  1945. </orderedlist>
  1946. </para>
  1947. </listitem>
  1948. <listitem>
  1949. <para>The pointing-Word <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  1950. >das</foreignphrase></emphasis>.</para>
  1951. <informaltable>
  1952. <col width="50%"/>
  1953. <col width="50%"/>
  1954. <tr valign="top">
  1955. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
  1956. xml:lang="de-1901"> Das ist der Bahnhof, nicht wahr?
  1957. </foreignphrase></td>
  1958. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> This is the station, isn't it?
  1959. </td>
  1960. </tr>
  1961. <tr valign="top">
  1962. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
  1963. xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, das ist er. </foreignphrase></td>
  1964. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, that's it. </td>
  1965. </tr>
  1966. <tr valign="top">
  1967. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
  1968. xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist das die Milch? </foreignphrase></td>
  1969. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is that the milk? </td>
  1970. </tr>
  1971. <tr valign="top">
  1972. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
  1973. xml:lang="de-1901"> Das ist Wasser. </foreignphrase></td>
  1974. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> This is water. </td>
  1975. </tr>
  1976. <tr valign="top">
  1977. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
  1978. xml:lang="de-1901"> Sind das die Streichhölzer?
  1979. </foreignphrase></td>
  1980. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Are these the matches? </td>
  1981. </tr>
  1982. <tr valign="top">
  1983. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
  1984. xml:lang="de-1901"> Das sind die Zigarren. </foreignphrase></td>
  1985. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Those are the ciaars. </td>
  1986. </tr>
  1987. </informaltable>
  1988. <orderedlist>
  1989. <listitem>
  1990. <para> The pointing-word <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
  1991. xml:lang="de-1901">das</foreignphrase></emphasis> (often
  1992. accompanied by a pointing gesture) is used to call any <emphasis
  1993. role="bold">object</emphasis> or <emphasis role="bold">group of
  1994. objects</emphasis> to the hearer's attention, without any
  1995. reference to noun classification or tö the number of objects.</para>
  1996. </listitem>
  1997. <listitem>
  1998. <para> The pointing-word <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
  1999. xml:lang="de-1901">das</foreignphrase></emphasis> is an
  2000. entirely different entity from the <emphasis role="bold"
  2001. ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  2002. >das</foreignphrase></emphasis> of <emphasis role="bold"
  2003. ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das
  2004. Hotel</foreignphrase></emphasis>. The English equivalents of the
  2005. pointing-word <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
  2006. xml:lang="de-1901">das</foreignphrase></emphasis> are
  2007. 'this', <emphasis role="bold">'that', 'these', and
  2008. 'those'.</emphasis></para>
  2009. </listitem>
  2010. </orderedlist>
  2011. </listitem>
  2012. </orderedlist>
  2013. </section>
  2014. <section>
  2015. <title>Substitution drill.</title>
  2016. <para> This section is made up of a number of model sentences. One or two words in each
  2017. sentence are underscored. Below each group will be found a series of isolated words.
  2018. The drill consists in substituting these words, one by one, for the one that is
  2019. underscored in the model sentence, and making necessary changes in the rest of the
  2020. sentence. </para>
  2021. <para>The instructor says the model sentence out loud, and the class repeats after him.
  2022. The first student makes the first substitution, the next student the second, and so
  2023. on. Repeat until all students have had a chance to make each substitution at least
  2024. once, then proceed to the next model sentence. </para>
  2025. <para>This drill may be done with books closed. The instructor then gives the students
  2026. the item to be substituted. Keep things moving along. Maintain a lively pace. If one
  2027. student gets stuck, the next one takes over after three or four seconds.</para>
  2028. <orderedlist>
  2029. <listitem>
  2030. <para>
  2031. <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Der Flughafen ist
  2032. dort.</foreignphrase><informaltable frame="all">
  2033. <tgroup cols="2">
  2034. <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2035. <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2036. <tbody>
  2037. <row>
  2038. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bahnhof - Kaffee -
  2039. Tee - Wein</foreignphrase></entry>
  2040. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Bahnhof - der
  2041. Kaffee - der Tee - der Wein</foreignphrase></entry>
  2042. </row>
  2043. <row>
  2044. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Restaurant - Bier -
  2045. Wasser - Hotel - Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
  2046. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Restaurant -
  2047. das Bier - das Wasser - das Hotel - das
  2048. Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
  2049. </row>
  2050. <row>
  2051. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bank - Milch -
  2052. Botschaft</foreignphrase></entry>
  2053. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Bank - die
  2054. Milch - die Botschaft</foreignphrase></entry>
  2055. </row>
  2056. <row>
  2057. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Streichhölzer -
  2058. Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
  2059. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Streichhölzer -
  2060. die Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
  2061. </row>
  2062. <row>
  2063. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Bahnhof - Hotel -
  2064. Tee - Milch - Kaffee - Restaurant - Streichhölzer -
  2065. Botschaft - Flughafen - Bier - Wein - Wasser -
  2066. Zigarren - Cafe </foreignphrase></entry>
  2067. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Bahnhof - das
  2068. Hotel - der Tee - die Milch - der Kaffee - das
  2069. Restaurant - die Streichhölzer - die Botschaft - der
  2070. Flughafen - das Bier - der Wein - das Wasser - die
  2071. Zigarren - das Café</foreignphrase></entry>
  2072. </row>
  2073. </tbody>
  2074. </tgroup>
  2075. </informaltable></para>
  2076. </listitem>
  2077. <listitem>
  2078. <para xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">der
  2079. Bahnhof</emphasis>?<informaltable frame="all">
  2080. <tgroup cols="2">
  2081. <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2082. <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2083. <tbody>
  2084. <row>
  2085. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Flughafen - Kaffee
  2086. - Tee - Wein</foreignphrase></entry>
  2087. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Flughafen - der
  2088. Kaffe - der Tee - der Wein </foreignphrase></entry>
  2089. </row>
  2090. <row>
  2091. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Restaurant - Bier -
  2092. Wasser - Cafe - Hotel</foreignphrase></entry>
  2093. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Restaurant -
  2094. das Bier - das Wasser - das Cafe - das
  2095. Hotel</foreignphrase></entry>
  2096. </row>
  2097. <row>
  2098. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bank - Milch -
  2099. Botschaft</foreignphrase></entry>
  2100. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Bank - die
  2101. Milch - die Botschaft</foreignphrase></entry>
  2102. </row>
  2103. <row>
  2104. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Streichhölzer -
  2105. Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
  2106. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Streichhölzer -
  2107. die Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
  2108. </row>
  2109. <row>
  2110. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Restaurant -
  2111. Flughafen - Bank - Kaffee - Wasser - Milch -
  2112. Streichhölzer - Bahnhof - Tee - Hotel - Wein - Bier
  2113. - Botschaft - Zigarren -
  2114. Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
  2115. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Restaurant -
  2116. der Flughafen - die Bank - der Kaffee - das Wasser -
  2117. die Milch - die Streichhölzer - der Bahnhof - der
  2118. Tee - das Hotel - der Wein - das Bier - die
  2119. Botschaft - die Zigarren - das
  2120. Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
  2121. </row>
  2122. </tbody>
  2123. </tgroup>
  2124. </informaltable></para>
  2125. </listitem>
  2126. <listitem>
  2127. <para xml:lang="de-1901">Wieviel kostet <emphasis role="bold">der
  2128. Kaffee</emphasis>?<informaltable frame="all">
  2129. <tgroup cols="2">
  2130. <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2131. <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2132. <tbody>
  2133. <row>
  2134. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wein -
  2135. Tee</foreignphrase></entry>
  2136. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Wein - der
  2137. Tee</foreignphrase></entry>
  2138. </row>
  2139. <row>
  2140. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  2141. >Bier</foreignphrase></entry>
  2142. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das
  2143. Bier</foreignphrase></entry>
  2144. </row>
  2145. <row>
  2146. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Zigarren -
  2147. Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
  2148. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Zigarren - die
  2149. Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
  2150. </row>
  2151. <row>
  2152. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wtein - Zigarren -
  2153. Tee - Streichhölzer - Bier </foreignphrase></entry>
  2154. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Wein - die
  2155. Zigarren - der Tee - die Streichhölzer - das
  2156. Bier</foreignphrase></entry>
  2157. </row>
  2158. </tbody>
  2159. </tgroup>
  2160. </informaltable></para>
  2161. </listitem>
  2162. <listitem>
  2163. <para xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist <emphasis role="bold">das
  2164. Bier</emphasis>?<informaltable frame="all">
  2165. <tgroup cols="2">
  2166. <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2167. <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2168. <tbody>
  2169. <row>
  2170. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wasser - Hotel -
  2171. Restaurant - Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
  2172. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Wasser - das
  2173. Hotel - das Restaurant - das
  2174. Café</foreignphrase></entry>
  2175. </row>
  2176. <row>
  2177. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Kaffee - Tee - Wein
  2178. </foreignphrase></entry>
  2179. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Kaffee - der
  2180. Tee - der Wein</foreignphrase></entry>
  2181. </row>
  2182. <row>
  2183. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bank -
  2184. Milch</foreignphrase></entry>
  2185. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Bank - die
  2186. Milch</foreignphrase></entry>
  2187. </row>
  2188. <row>
  2189. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Zigarren -
  2190. Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
  2191. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Zigarren - die
  2192. Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
  2193. </row>
  2194. <row>
  2195. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bier - Tee - Hotel
  2196. - Wein - Wasser - Kaffee - Milch -Zigarren - Caf£ -
  2197. Bank - Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
  2198. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Bier - der Tee
  2199. - das Hotel - der Wein - das Wasser - der Kaffee -
  2200. die Milch - die Zigarren - das Cafe - die Bank - die
  2201. Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
  2202. </row>
  2203. </tbody>
  2204. </tgroup>
  2205. </informaltable></para>
  2206. </listitem>
  2207. <listitem>
  2208. <para xml:lang="de-1901"><emphasis role="bold">Das Hotel</emphasis> ist
  2209. gut.<informaltable frame="all">
  2210. <tgroup cols="2">
  2211. <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2212. <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2213. <tbody>
  2214. <row>
  2215. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bier - Restaurant -
  2216. Wasser - Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
  2217. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Bier - das
  2218. Restaurant - das Wasser - das
  2219. Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
  2220. </row>
  2221. <row>
  2222. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wein - Kaffee -
  2223. Tee </foreignphrase></entry>
  2224. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Wein - der
  2225. Kaffee - der Tee</foreignphrase></entry>
  2226. </row>
  2227. <row>
  2228. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Milch -
  2229. Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
  2230. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Milch - die
  2231. Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
  2232. </row>
  2233. <row>
  2234. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Zigarren -
  2235. Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
  2236. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Zigarren - die
  2237. Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
  2238. </row>
  2239. <row>
  2240. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bier - Wein -
  2241. Restaurant - Kaffee - Bank - Tee - Hotel -
  2242. Streichhölzer - Wasser - Zigarren - Cafe - Milch
  2243. </foreignphrase></entry>
  2244. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Bier - der Wein
  2245. - das Restaurant - der Kaffee - die Bank - der Tee -
  2246. das Hotel - die Streichhölzer - das Wasser - die
  2247. Zigarren - das Cafe - die
  2248. Milch</foreignphrase></entry>
  2249. </row>
  2250. </tbody>
  2251. </tgroup>
  2252. </informaltable></para>
  2253. </listitem>
  2254. <listitem>
  2255. <para xml:lang="de-1901"><emphasis role="bold">Das Hotel</emphasis> ist da
  2256. drüben.<informaltable frame="all">
  2257. <tgroup cols="2">
  2258. <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2259. <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2260. <tbody>
  2261. <row>
  2262. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Restaurant - Bier -
  2263. Wasser - Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
  2264. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Restaurant -
  2265. das Bier - das Wasser - das
  2266. Café</foreignphrase></entry>
  2267. </row>
  2268. <row>
  2269. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Flughafen - Bahnhof
  2270. - Kaffee - Tee - Wein </foreignphrase></entry>
  2271. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Flughafen - der
  2272. Bahnhof - der Kaffee - der Tee - der
  2273. Wein</foreignphrase></entry>
  2274. </row>
  2275. <row>
  2276. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Botschaft - Milch
  2277. - Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
  2278. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Botschaft - die
  2279. Milch - die Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
  2280. </row>
  2281. <row>
  2282. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Streichhölzer -
  2283. Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
  2284. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Streichhölzer -
  2285. die Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
  2286. </row>
  2287. <row>
  2288. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Hotel - Restaurant
  2289. - Tee - Milch - Bier - Kaffee - Botschaft - Wein -
  2290. Zigarren - Streichhölzer - Cafe - Bank
  2291. </foreignphrase></entry>
  2292. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Hotel - das
  2293. Restaurant - der Tee - die Milch - das Bier - der
  2294. Kaffee - die Botschaft - der Wein - die Zigarren -
  2295. die Streichhölzer - das Café - die
  2296. Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
  2297. </row>
  2298. </tbody>
  2299. </tgroup>
  2300. </informaltable></para>
  2301. </listitem>
  2302. <listitem>
  2303. <para xml:lang="de-1901">Das ist <emphasis role="bold">der
  2304. Flughafen</emphasis>.<informaltable frame="all">
  2305. <tgroup cols="2">
  2306. <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2307. <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2308. <tbody>
  2309. <row>
  2310. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bahnhof - Wein -
  2311. Tee - Kaffee</foreignphrase></entry>
  2312. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Bahnhof - der
  2313. Wein - der Tee - der Kaffee</foreignphrase></entry>
  2314. </row>
  2315. <row>
  2316. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Hotel - Restaurant
  2317. - Bier - Café</foreignphrase></entry>
  2318. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Hotel - das
  2319. Restaurant - das Bier - das
  2320. Café</foreignphrase></entry>
  2321. </row>
  2322. <row>
  2323. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bank - Botschaft -
  2324. Milch</foreignphrase></entry>
  2325. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Bank - die
  2326. Botschaft - die Milch</foreignphrase></entry>
  2327. </row>
  2328. <row>
  2329. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Streichhölzer -
  2330. Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
  2331. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Streichhölzer -
  2332. die Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
  2333. </row>
  2334. <row>
  2335. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Botschaft -
  2336. Flughafen - Hotel - Milch - Restaurant - Bahnhof -
  2337. Bier - Wein - Tee - Zigarren - Café -
  2338. Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
  2339. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Botschaft - der
  2340. Flughafen - das Hotel - die Milch - das Restaurant -
  2341. der Bahnhof - das Bier - der Wein - der Tee - die
  2342. Zigarren - das Cafe - die
  2343. Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
  2344. </row>
  2345. </tbody>
  2346. </tgroup>
  2347. </informaltable></para>
  2348. </listitem>
  2349. <listitem>
  2350. <para xml:lang="de-1901">Hier ist <emphasis role="bold">Herr Becker</emphasis>.
  2351. Hier ist <emphasis role="bold">er</emphasis>.<informaltable frame="all">
  2352. <tgroup cols="2">
  2353. <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2354. <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
  2355. <tbody>
  2356. <row>
  2357. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Flughafen - Bahnhof
  2358. - Wein - Tee - Kaffee - Herr
  2359. Keller</foreignphrase></entry>
  2360. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Flughafen.er -
  2361. der Bahnhof.er - der Wein.er - der Tee.er - der
  2362. Kaffee.er - Herr Keller.er</foreignphrase></entry>
  2363. </row>
  2364. <row>
  2365. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Frau Kunze - Milch
  2366. - Botschaft - Bank - Frau
  2367. Schneider</foreignphrase></entry>
  2368. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Frau Kunze.sie -
  2369. die Milch.sie - die Botschaft.sie - die Bank.sie -
  2370. Frau Schneider.sie</foreignphrase></entry>
  2371. </row>
  2372. <row>
  2373. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Restaurant - Bier -
  2374. Wasser - Café - Hotel</foreignphrase></entry>
  2375. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Restaurant.es -
  2376. das Bier.es - das Wasser.es - das Caf£.es - das
  2377. Hotel.es</foreignphrase></entry>
  2378. </row>
  2379. <row>
  2380. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Streichhölzer -
  2381. Zigarren - Herr und Frau
  2382. Becker</foreignphrase></entry>
  2383. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die
  2384. Streichhölzer.sie - die Zigarren.sie - Herr und Frau
  2385. Becker.sie</foreignphrase></entry>
  2386. </row>
  2387. <row>
  2388. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bier - Milch -
  2389. Wasser - Wein - Streichhölzer - Bahnhof - Restaurant
  2390. - Zigarren - Hotel - Herr und Frau Becker -
  2391. Botschaft - Tee - Cafe - Frau Schneider - Flughafen
  2392. - Herr Keller - Bank - Kaffee
  2393. </foreignphrase></entry>
  2394. <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Bier.es - die
  2395. Milch.sie - das Wasser.es - der Wein.er - die
  2396. Streichhölzer.sie - der Bahnhof.er - das
  2397. Restaurant.es - die Zigarren.sie - das Hotel.es -
  2398. Herr und Frau Becker. sie - die Botschaft.sie - der
  2399. Tee.er - das Cafe.es - Frau Schneider.sie - der
  2400. Flughafen.er - Herr Keller.er - die Bank.sie - der
  2401. Kaffee.er</foreignphrase></entry>
  2402. </row>
  2403. </tbody>
  2404. </tgroup>
  2405. </informaltable></para>
  2406. </listitem>
  2407. </orderedlist>
  2408. <para> </para>
  2409. </section>
  2410. <section>
  2411. <title>Variation drill</title>
  2412. <para> This section is made up of several groups of sentences. Each group is headed by a
  2413. model sentence which is underscored. The instructor reads the model sentence out
  2414. loud, and the class repeats after him. The first student then gives the German
  2415. version of the first English variation sentence under the model sentence. The next
  2416. student takes the second sentence, and so on. </para>
  2417. <para>While doing this drill, STUDENTS MUST COVER THE RIGHT-HAND SIDE OF THE PAGE </para>
  2418. <para>English versions must be read silently, and the German version must be given
  2419. without stopping, with the proper pronunciation, including intonation. If you have
  2420. to 'translate* word by word you need more practice with the basic sentences. </para>
  2421. <para>The instructor must insist on COMPLETE SENTENCES.<orderedlist>
  2422. <listitem>
  2423. <informaltable>
  2424. <col width="10%"/>
  2425. <col width="45%"/>
  2426. <col width="45%"/>
  2427. <thead>
  2428. <tr>
  2429. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  2430. > Ich verstehe Sie. </foreignphrase></th>
  2431. <th align="center"> I understand you. </th>
  2432. </tr>
  2433. </thead>
  2434. <tbody>
  2435. <tr>
  2436. <td> a. </td>
  2437. <td> I understand you well. </td>
  2438. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich verstehe Sie gut.
  2439. </foreignphrase></td>
  2440. </tr>
  2441. <tr>
  2442. <td> b. </td>
  2443. <td> I understand you very well. </td>
  2444. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich verstehe Sie sehr
  2445. gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  2446. </tr>
  2447. <tr>
  2448. <td> c. </td>
  2449. <td> I understand you well, too. </td>
  2450. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich verstehe Sie auch
  2451. gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  2452. </tr>
  2453. <tr>
  2454. <td> d. </td>
  2455. <td> I don't understand you. </td>
  2456. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich verstehe Sie nicht.
  2457. </foreignphrase></td>
  2458. </tr>
  2459. <tr>
  2460. <td> e. </td>
  2461. <td> I don't understand you either. </td>
  2462. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich verstehe Sie auch
  2463. nicht. </foreignphrase></td>
  2464. </tr>
  2465. </tbody>
  2466. </informaltable>
  2467. </listitem>
  2468. <listitem>
  2469. <para>
  2470. <informaltable>
  2471. <col width="10%"/>
  2472. <col width="45%"/>
  2473. <col width="45%"/>
  2474. <thead>
  2475. <tr>
  2476. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
  2477. xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich?
  2478. </foreignphrase></th>
  2479. <th align="center"> Do you understand me? </th>
  2480. </tr>
  2481. </thead>
  2482. <tbody>
  2483. <tr>
  2484. <td>a. </td>
  2485. <td> Do you understand me well? </td>
  2486. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich
  2487. gut? </foreignphrase></td>
  2488. </tr>
  2489. <tr>
  2490. <td> b. </td>
  2491. <td> Do you understand me well to? </td>
  2492. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich
  2493. auch gut? </foreignphrase></td>
  2494. </tr>
  2495. <tr>
  2496. <td> c. </td>
  2497. <td> Don't you understand me? </td>
  2498. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich
  2499. nicht? </foreignphrase></td>
  2500. </tr>
  2501. <tr>
  2502. <td> d. </td>
  2503. <td> Don't you understand me either? </td>
  2504. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich
  2505. auch nicht? </foreignphrase></td>
  2506. </tr>
  2507. <tr>
  2508. <td> e. </td>
  2509. <td> Don't you understand me well either? </td>
  2510. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich
  2511. auch nicht gut? </foreignphrase></td>
  2512. </tr>
  2513. </tbody>
  2514. </informaltable>
  2515. </para>
  2516. </listitem>
  2517. <listitem>
  2518. <informaltable>
  2519. <col width="10%"/>
  2520. <col width="45%"/>
  2521. <col width="45%"/>
  2522. <thead>
  2523. <tr>
  2524. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  2525. > Wo ist der Flughafen?</foreignphrase></th>
  2526. <th align="center"> Where is the airport?</th>
  2527. </tr>
  2528. </thead>
  2529. <tr>
  2530. <td>a. </td>
  2531. <td> There is the airport. </td>
  2532. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Da ist der Flughafen.
  2533. </foreignphrase></td>
  2534. </tr>
  2535. <tr>
  2536. <td>b. </td>
  2537. <td> Is that the airport? </td>
  2538. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist das der Flughafen?
  2539. </foreignphrase></td>
  2540. </tr>
  2541. <tr>
  2542. <td>c. </td>
  2543. <td> Yes, that's the airport. </td>
  2544. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, das ist der Flughafen.
  2545. </foreignphrase></td>
  2546. </tr>
  2547. <tr>
  2548. <td>d. </td>
  2549. <td> No, that's not the airport. </td>
  2550. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Nein, das ist nicht der
  2551. Flughafen. </foreignphrase></td>
  2552. </tr>
  2553. <tr>
  2554. <td>e. </td>
  2555. <td> Is the airport over there? </td>
  2556. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist der Flughafen da drüben?
  2557. </foreignphrase></td>
  2558. </tr>
  2559. <tr>
  2560. <td>f. </td>
  2561. <td> Yes, it's over there. </td>
  2562. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, er ist da drüben.
  2563. </foreignphrase></td>
  2564. </tr>
  2565. <tr>
  2566. <td>g. </td>
  2567. <td> No, it's not over there. </td>
  2568. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Nein, er ist nicht da drüben.
  2569. </foreignphrase></td>
  2570. </tr>
  2571. </informaltable>
  2572. <para> Repeat the same drill and for airport substitute: hotel - embassy -
  2573. restaurant - station.</para>
  2574. </listitem>
  2575. <listitem>
  2576. <para>
  2577. <informaltable>
  2578. <col width="10%"/>
  2579. <col width="45%"/>
  2580. <col width="45%"/>
  2581. <thead>
  2582. <tr>
  2583. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
  2584. xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo sind die Streichhölzer?
  2585. </foreignphrase></th>
  2586. <th align="center"> Where are the matches? </th>
  2587. </tr>
  2588. </thead>
  2589. <tr>
  2590. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
  2591. <td> Where are they? </td>
  2592. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo sind sie?
  2593. </foreignphrase></td>
  2594. </tr>
  2595. <tr>
  2596. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
  2597. <td> There are the matches. </td>
  2598. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Da sind die
  2599. Streichhölzer. </foreignphrase></td>
  2600. </tr>
  2601. <tr>
  2602. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
  2603. <td> There they are. </td>
  2604. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Da sind sie.
  2605. </foreignphrase></td>
  2606. </tr>
  2607. <tr>
  2608. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
  2609. <td> Are the matches over them? </td>
  2610. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sind die Streichhölzer da
  2611. drüben? </foreignphrase></td>
  2612. </tr>
  2613. <tr>
  2614. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
  2615. <td> Yes, the matches are over there. </td>
  2616. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, die Streichhölzer
  2617. sind da drüben. </foreignphrase></td>
  2618. </tr>
  2619. <tr>
  2620. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
  2621. <td> They're over there. </td>
  2622. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind da drüben.
  2623. </foreignphrase></td>
  2624. </tr>
  2625. </informaltable>
  2626. </para>
  2627. <para>Repeat the same drill and for potatoes substitute: cigars - Mr. and
  2628. Mrs. Kunze. </para>
  2629. </listitem>
  2630. <listitem>
  2631. <para>
  2632. <informaltable>
  2633. <col width="10%"/>
  2634. <col width="45%"/>
  2635. <col width="45%"/>
  2636. <thead>
  2637. <tr>
  2638. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
  2639. xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie ist die Milch?
  2640. </foreignphrase></th>
  2641. <th align="center"> How's the milk? </th>
  2642. </tr>
  2643. </thead>
  2644. <tr>
  2645. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
  2646. <td> It's good. </td>
  2647. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie ist gut.
  2648. </foreignphrase></td>
  2649. </tr>
  2650. <tr>
  2651. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
  2652. <td> It's very good. </td>
  2653. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie ist sehr gut.
  2654. </foreignphrase></td>
  2655. </tr>
  2656. <tr>
  2657. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
  2658. <td> The water is good too. </td>
  2659. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das Wasser ist auch gut.
  2660. </foreignphrase></td>
  2661. </tr>
  2662. <tr>
  2663. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
  2664. <td> It's very good too. </td>
  2665. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Es ist auch sehr gut.
  2666. </foreignphrase></td>
  2667. </tr>
  2668. </informaltable>
  2669. </para>
  2670. </listitem>
  2671. <listitem>
  2672. <para>
  2673. <informaltable>
  2674. <col width="10%"/>
  2675. <col width="45%"/>
  2676. <col width="45%"/>
  2677. <thead>
  2678. <tr>
  2679. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
  2680. xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie ist das Bier?
  2681. </foreignphrase></th>
  2682. <th align="center"> How's the beer? </th>
  2683. </tr>
  2684. </thead>
  2685. <tr>
  2686. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
  2687. <td> It's good. </td>
  2688. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Es ist gut.
  2689. </foreignphrase></td>
  2690. </tr>
  2691. <tr>
  2692. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
  2693. <td> It's very good. </td>
  2694. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Es ist sehr gut.
  2695. </foreignphrase></td>
  2696. </tr>
  2697. <tr>
  2698. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
  2699. <td> The cigars are good too. </td>
  2700. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Zigarren sind auch
  2701. gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  2702. </tr>
  2703. <tr>
  2704. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
  2705. <td> They're very good too. </td>
  2706. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind auch sehr gut.
  2707. </foreignphrase></td>
  2708. </tr>
  2709. </informaltable>
  2710. </para>
  2711. </listitem>
  2712. <listitem>
  2713. <para>
  2714. <informaltable>
  2715. <col width="10%"/>
  2716. <col width="45%"/>
  2717. <col width="45%"/>
  2718. <thead>
  2719. <tr>
  2720. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
  2721. xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie ist der Tee?
  2722. </foreignphrase></th>
  2723. <th align="center"> How's the tea? </th>
  2724. </tr>
  2725. </thead>
  2726. <tr>
  2727. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
  2728. <td> It's not good. </td>
  2729. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er ist nicht gut.
  2730. </foreignphrase></td>
  2731. </tr>
  2732. <tr>
  2733. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
  2734. <td> It's very good. </td>
  2735. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er ist sehr gut.
  2736. </foreignphrase></td>
  2737. </tr>
  2738. <tr>
  2739. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
  2740. <td> The milk isn't good either. </td>
  2741. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Milch ist auch nicht
  2742. gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  2743. </tr>
  2744. <tr>
  2745. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
  2746. <td> It's not very good either. </td>
  2747. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie ist auch nicht sehr
  2748. gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  2749. </tr>
  2750. <tr>
  2751. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
  2752. <td> Yes. they are very good. </td>
  2753. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, sie sind sehr gut.
  2754. </foreignphrase></td>
  2755. </tr>
  2756. </informaltable>
  2757. </para>
  2758. </listitem>
  2759. <listitem>
  2760. <para>
  2761. <informaltable>
  2762. <col width="10%"/>
  2763. <col width="45%"/>
  2764. <col width="45%"/>
  2765. <thead>
  2766. <tr>
  2767. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
  2768. xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie sind die Streichhölzer?
  2769. </foreignphrase></th>
  2770. <th align="center"> How are the matches? </th>
  2771. </tr>
  2772. </thead>
  2773. <tr>
  2774. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
  2775. <td> They're not good. </td>
  2776. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind nicht gut.
  2777. </foreignphrase></td>
  2778. </tr>
  2779. <tr>
  2780. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
  2781. <td> They're not very good. </td>
  2782. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind nicht sehr gut.
  2783. </foreignphrase></td>
  2784. </tr>
  2785. <tr>
  2786. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
  2787. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The wine is not good either.</td>
  2788. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Wein ist auch nicht
  2789. gut. Er ist auch nicht sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  2790. </tr>
  2791. <tr>
  2792. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
  2793. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">It's not very good either.</td>
  2794. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er ist auch nicht sehr
  2795. gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  2796. </tr>
  2797. </informaltable>
  2798. </para>
  2799. </listitem>
  2800. <listitem>
  2801. <para>
  2802. <informaltable>
  2803. <col width="10%"/>
  2804. <col width="45%"/>
  2805. <col width="45%"/>
  2806. <thead>
  2807. <tr>
  2808. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
  2809. xml:lang="de-1901"> Das kostet viel.
  2810. </foreignphrase></th>
  2811. <th align="center"> That costs a lot. </th>
  2812. </tr>
  2813. </thead>
  2814. <tr>
  2815. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
  2816. <td> How much does that cost? </td>
  2817. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie viel kostet das?
  2818. </foreignphrase></td>
  2819. </tr>
  2820. <tr>
  2821. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
  2822. <td> Does that cost much? </td>
  2823. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Kostet das viel?
  2824. </foreignphrase></td>
  2825. </tr>
  2826. <tr>
  2827. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
  2828. <td> That doesn't cost much. </td>
  2829. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das kostet nicht viel.
  2830. </foreignphrase></td>
  2831. </tr>
  2832. <tr>
  2833. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
  2834. <td> That doesn't cost much either. </td>
  2835. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das kostet auch nicht
  2836. viel. </foreignphrase></td>
  2837. </tr>
  2838. <tr>
  2839. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
  2840. <td> That costs three marks. </td>
  2841. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das kostet drei Mark.
  2842. </foreignphrase></td>
  2843. </tr>
  2844. <tr>
  2845. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
  2846. <td> That costs three marks, too. </td>
  2847. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das kostet auch drei
  2848. Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
  2849. </tr>
  2850. </informaltable>
  2851. </para>
  2852. </listitem>
  2853. <listitem>
  2854. <para>
  2855. <informaltable>
  2856. <col width="10%"/>
  2857. <col width="45%"/>
  2858. <col width="45%"/>
  2859. <thead>
  2860. <tr>
  2861. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
  2862. xml:lang="de-1901"> Das Bier ist out.
  2863. </foreignphrase></th>
  2864. <th align="center"> The beer is good. </th>
  2865. </tr>
  2866. </thead>
  2867. <tr>
  2868. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
  2869. <td> The wine is not good. </td>
  2870. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Wein ist nicht gut.
  2871. </foreignphrase></td>
  2872. </tr>
  2873. <tr>
  2874. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
  2875. <td> The coffee is good, too. </td>
  2876. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Kaffee ist auch gut.
  2877. </foreignphrase></td>
  2878. </tr>
  2879. <tr>
  2880. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
  2881. <td> The restaurant is very good. </td>
  2882. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das Restaurant ist sehr
  2883. gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  2884. </tr>
  2885. <tr>
  2886. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
  2887. <td> Is the tea good? </td>
  2888. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist der Tee gut?
  2889. </foreignphrase></td>
  2890. </tr>
  2891. <tr>
  2892. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
  2893. <td> Ho, the tea isn't very good. </td>
  2894. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Nein, der Tee ist nicht
  2895. sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  2896. </tr>
  2897. <tr>
  2898. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
  2899. <td> Is the café good? </td>
  2900. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist das Café gut?
  2901. </foreignphrase></td>
  2902. </tr>
  2903. </informaltable>
  2904. </para>
  2905. </listitem>
  2906. <listitem>
  2907. <para>
  2908. <informaltable>
  2909. <col width="10%"/>
  2910. <col width="45%"/>
  2911. <col width="45%"/>
  2912. <thead>
  2913. <tr>
  2914. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
  2915. xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Streichhölzer sind nicht
  2916. sehr gut.</foreignphrase></th>
  2917. <th align="center"> The matches are not very good. </th>
  2918. </tr>
  2919. </thead>
  2920. <tr>
  2921. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
  2922. <td> The beer and the wine are good.</td>
  2923. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  2924. Das Bier und der Wein sind gut.</foreignphrase></td>
  2925. </tr>
  2926. <tr>
  2927. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
  2928. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The cigars are good, too.</td>
  2929. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Zigarren sind auch
  2930. gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  2931. </tr>
  2932. <tr>
  2933. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
  2934. <td> Are the coffee and the tea good? </td>
  2935. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sind der Kaffee und der
  2936. Tee gut? </foreignphrase></td>
  2937. </tr>
  2938. <tr>
  2939. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
  2940. <td> Yes. they are very good. </td>
  2941. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, sie sind sehr gut.
  2942. </foreignphrase></td>
  2943. </tr>
  2944. </informaltable>
  2945. </para>
  2946. </listitem>
  2947. <listitem>
  2948. <informaltable>
  2949. <col width="10%"/>
  2950. <col width="45%"/>
  2951. <col width="45%"/>
  2952. <thead>
  2953. <tr>
  2954. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  2955. > Wo ist der Flughafen? Er ist dort rechts.
  2956. </foreignphrase></th>
  2957. <th align="center">Where is the airport? It's there to the
  2958. right.</th>
  2959. </tr>
  2960. </thead>
  2961. <tr>
  2962. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
  2963. <td>Where Is the café? It's there to the left.</td>
  2964. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist
  2965. das Café? Es ist dort links.</foreignphrase></td>
  2966. </tr>
  2967. <tr>
  2968. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
  2969. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where Is the restaurant? It's there,
  2970. too.</td>
  2971. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist das Restaurant? Es ist
  2972. auch dort.</foreignphrase></td>
  2973. </tr>
  2974. <tr>
  2975. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
  2976. <td>Where is the bank? It's there straight ahead.</td>
  2977. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist die Bank? Sie ist dort
  2978. geradeaus.</foreignphrase></td>
  2979. </tr>
  2980. <tr>
  2981. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
  2982. <td>Where is Mr. Schneider? He is here.</td>
  2983. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist Herr Schneider? Er ist
  2984. hier.</foreignphrase></td>
  2985. </tr>
  2986. <tr>
  2987. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
  2988. <td>Where is Mrs. Schneider? She's here, too.</td>
  2989. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist Frau Schneider? Sie ist
  2990. auch hier.</foreignphrase></td>
  2991. </tr>
  2992. <tr>
  2993. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
  2994. <td>Where is the station? It's over there, to the right</td>
  2995. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist der Bahnhof? Er ist da
  2996. drüben, rechts. </foreignphrase></td>
  2997. </tr>
  2998. </informaltable>
  2999. </listitem>
  3000. <listitem>
  3001. <informaltable>
  3002. <col width="10%"/>
  3003. <col width="45%"/>
  3004. <col width="45%"/>
  3005. <thead>
  3006. <tr>
  3007. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  3008. >Wie ist der Kaffee? Er 1st out.</foreignphrase></th>
  3009. <th align="center">How is the coffee? It is good.</th>
  3010. </tr>
  3011. </thead>
  3012. <tr>
  3013. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
  3014. <td>How is the milk? It's very good.</td>
  3015. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie
  3016. ist die Milch? Sie ist sehr gut.</foreignphrase></td>
  3017. </tr>
  3018. <tr>
  3019. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
  3020. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">How is the water? It's good, too.</td>
  3021. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist das Wasser? Es ist
  3022. auch gut.</foreignphrase></td>
  3023. </tr>
  3024. <tr>
  3025. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
  3026. <td>How is the hotel? it's not very good.</td>
  3027. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist das Hotel? Es ist
  3028. nicht sehr gut.</foreignphrase></td>
  3029. </tr>
  3030. <tr>
  3031. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
  3032. <td>How is the beer? It's very good here.</td>
  3033. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist das Bier? Es ist hier
  3034. sehr gut</foreignphrase></td>
  3035. </tr>
  3036. <tr>
  3037. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
  3038. <td>How is the tea? It's not good.</td>
  3039. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist der Tee? Er ist nicht
  3040. gut.</foreignphrase></td>
  3041. </tr>
  3042. <tr>
  3043. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
  3044. <td>How is the wine? It's very good, too.</td>
  3045. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist der Wein? Er ist auch
  3046. sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  3047. </tr>
  3048. </informaltable>
  3049. </listitem>
  3050. <listitem>
  3051. <informaltable>
  3052. <col width="10%"/>
  3053. <col width="45%"/>
  3054. <col width="45%"/>
  3055. <thead>
  3056. <tr>
  3057. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  3058. >Ich möchte gern Zigaretten haben.</foreignphrase></th>
  3059. <th align="center"> I'd like to have some cigarettes.
  3060. please.</th>
  3061. </tr>
  3062. </thead>
  3063. <tr>
  3064. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
  3065. <td>Would you like to have some cigars, too?</td>
  3066. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  3067. >Möchten Sie auch Zigarren haben?</foreignphrase></td>
  3068. </tr>
  3069. <tr>
  3070. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
  3071. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">I'd like to have some matches.</td>
  3072. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich möchte gern Streichhölzer
  3073. haben.</foreignphrase></td>
  3074. </tr>
  3075. <tr>
  3076. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
  3077. <td>Would you like to have some bread?</td>
  3078. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Möchten Sie etwas Brot
  3079. haben?</foreignphrase></td>
  3080. </tr>
  3081. <tr>
  3082. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
  3083. <td> I'd like to have some milk.</td>
  3084. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich möchte gern Milch
  3085. haben.</foreignphrase></td>
  3086. </tr>
  3087. <tr>
  3088. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
  3089. <td>I'd like to have some sausage and sauerkraut.</td>
  3090. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Ich möchte gern Bratwurst mit
  3091. Sauerkraut haben. </foreignphrase></td>
  3092. </tr>
  3093. </informaltable>
  3094. </listitem>
  3095. <listitem>
  3096. <informaltable>
  3097. <col width="10%"/>
  3098. <col width="45%"/>
  3099. <col width="45%"/>
  3100. <thead>
  3101. <tr>
  3102. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  3103. > Ich möchte gerne essen.</foreignphrase></th>
  3104. <th align="center">I'd like to eat.</th>
  3105. </tr>
  3106. </thead>
  3107. <tr>
  3108. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
  3109. <td>What would you like to eat?</td>
  3110. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Was
  3111. möchten Sie essen?</foreignphrase></td>
  3112. </tr>
  3113. <tr>
  3114. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
  3115. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I'd like to eat some sausage and
  3116. sauerkraut.</td>
  3117. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Ich möchte Bratwurst mit
  3118. Sauerkraut essen.</foreignphrase></td>
  3119. </tr>
  3120. <tr>
  3121. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
  3122. <td>Would you also like to eat some bread? Yes, I'd like to eat some
  3123. bread. </td>
  3124. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Möchten Sie auch Brot essen?
  3125. Ja, ich möchte gern etwas Brot essen. </foreignphrase></td>
  3126. </tr>
  3127. </informaltable>
  3128. </listitem>
  3129. <listitem>
  3130. <informaltable>
  3131. <col width="10%"/>
  3132. <col width="45%"/>
  3133. <col width="45%"/>
  3134. <thead>
  3135. <tr>
  3136. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
  3137. >Das ist der Bahnhof.</foreignphrase></th>
  3138. <th align="center">That's the railroad station.</th>
  3139. </tr>
  3140. </thead>
  3141. <tr>
  3142. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
  3143. <td>Is that the embassy?</td>
  3144. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Ist
  3145. das die Botschaft?</foreignphrase></td>
  3146. </tr>
  3147. <tr>
  3148. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
  3149. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">No, that's not the embassy.</td>
  3150. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Nein, das ist nicht die
  3151. Botschaft.</foreignphrase></td>
  3152. </tr>
  3153. <tr>
  3154. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
  3155. <td>That's the hotel. Is that Mr. Kunze?</td>
  3156. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Das ist das Hotel. Ist das
  3157. Herr Kunze?</foreignphrase></td>
  3158. </tr>
  3159. <tr>
  3160. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
  3161. <td>No, that's not Mr. Kunze.</td>
  3162. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Nein, das ist nicht Herr
  3163. Kunze.</foreignphrase></td>
  3164. </tr>
  3165. <tr>
  3166. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
  3167. <td>That's Mr. Schneider.</td>
  3168. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Das ist Herr Schneider.
  3169. </foreignphrase></td>
  3170. </tr>
  3171. </informaltable>
  3172. </listitem>
  3173. <listitem>
  3174. <para>
  3175. <informaltable>
  3176. <col width="10%"/>
  3177. <col width="45%"/>
  3178. <col width="45%"/>
  3179. <thead>
  3180. <tr>
  3181. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
  3182. xml:lang="de-1901"> Hier ist das Hotel.
  3183. </foreignphrase></th>
  3184. <th align="center"> Here is the hotel. </th>
  3185. </tr>
  3186. </thead>
  3187. <tr>
  3188. <td> a. </td>
  3189. <td> There's the restaurant. </td>
  3190. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Dort ist das Restaurant.
  3191. </foreignphrase></td>
  3192. </tr>
  3193. <tr>
  3194. <td> b. </td>
  3195. <td> Over there is the airport. </td>
  3196. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Da drüben ist der
  3197. Flughafen. </foreignphrase></td>
  3198. </tr>
  3199. <tr>
  3200. <td> c. </td>
  3201. <td> There to the right is the embassy. </td>
  3202. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Dort rechts ist die
  3203. Botschaft. </foreignphrase></td>
  3204. </tr>
  3205. <tr>
  3206. <td> d. </td>
  3207. <td> Here on the left is the station. </td>
  3208. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Hier links ist der
  3209. Bahnhof. </foreignphrase></td>
  3210. </tr>
  3211. <tr>
  3212. <td> e. </td>
  3213. <td> Over there, to the right is the cafe. </td>
  3214. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Da drüben, rechts, ist
  3215. das Cafe. </foreignphrase></td>
  3216. </tr>
  3217. </informaltable>
  3218. </para>
  3219. </listitem>
  3220. <listitem>
  3221. <para>
  3222. <informaltable>
  3223. <col width="10%"/>
  3224. <col width="45%"/>
  3225. <col width="45%"/>
  3226. <thead>
  3227. <tr>
  3228. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
  3229. xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Zigarren kosten fünf Mark.
  3230. </foreignphrase></th>
  3231. <th align="center"> The cigars cost five marks. </th>
  3232. </tr>
  3233. </thead>
  3234. <tr>
  3235. <td> a. </td>
  3236. <td> The beer costs one mark. </td>
  3237. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das Bier kostet eine
  3238. Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
  3239. </tr>
  3240. <tr>
  3241. <td> b. </td>
  3242. <td> The wine costs two marks ten. </td>
  3243. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Wein kostet zwei Mark
  3244. zehn. </foreignphrase></td>
  3245. </tr>
  3246. <tr>
  3247. <td> c. </td>
  3248. <td> The matches cost ten pennies. </td>
  3249. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Streichhölzer kosten
  3250. zehn Pfennig. </foreignphrase></td>
  3251. </tr>
  3252. <tr>
  3253. <td> d. </td>
  3254. <td> The coffee costs three marks eight. </td>
  3255. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Kaffee kostet drei
  3256. Mark acht. </foreignphrase></td>
  3257. </tr>
  3258. <tr>
  3259. <td> e. </td>
  3260. <td> The tea costs two marks four. </td>
  3261. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Tee kostet zwei Mark
  3262. vier. </foreignphrase></td>
  3263. </tr>
  3264. <tr>
  3265. <td> f. </td>
  3266. <td> The milk costs twelve pennies. </td>
  3267. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Milch kostet zwölf
  3268. Pfennig. </foreignphrase></td>
  3269. </tr>
  3270. <tr>
  3271. <td> g </td>
  3272. <td> Bratwurst and sauerkraut costs two marks five. </td>
  3273. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut
  3274. kostet zwei Mark fünf. </foreignphrase></td>
  3275. </tr>
  3276. </informaltable>
  3277. </para>
  3278. </listitem>
  3279. <listitem>
  3280. <para>
  3281. <informaltable>
  3282. <col width="10%"/>
  3283. <col width="45%"/>
  3284. <col width="45%"/>
  3285. <thead>
  3286. <tr>
  3287. <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
  3288. xml:lang="de-1901"> Drei und vier ist sieben.
  3289. </foreignphrase></th>
  3290. <th align="center"> Three and four is seven. </th>
  3291. </tr>
  3292. </thead>
  3293. <tr>
  3294. <td> a. </td>
  3295. <td> Five and three is eight. </td>
  3296. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fünf und drei ist acht.
  3297. </foreignphrase></td>
  3298. </tr>
  3299. <tr>
  3300. <td> b. </td>
  3301. <td> How much is two and six? </td>
  3302. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie viel ist zwei und
  3303. sechs? </foreignphrase></td>
  3304. </tr>
  3305. <tr>
  3306. <td> c. </td>
  3307. <td> Seven and five is twelve. </td>
  3308. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sieben und fünf ist
  3309. zwölf. </foreignphrase></td>
  3310. </tr>
  3311. <tr>
  3312. <td> d. </td>
  3313. <td> Three and three is six. </td>
  3314. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Drei und drei ist sechs.
  3315. </foreignphrase></td>
  3316. </tr>
  3317. <tr>
  3318. <td> e. </td>
  3319. <td> How much is seven and four? </td>
  3320. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie viel ist sieben und
  3321. vier? </foreignphrase></td>
  3322. </tr>
  3323. <tr>
  3324. <td> f. </td>
  3325. <td> Is nine and one eleven? </td>
  3326. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist neun und eins elf?
  3327. </foreignphrase></td>
  3328. </tr>
  3329. <tr>
  3330. <td> g. </td>
  3331. <td> No, nine and one is ten. </td>
  3332. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Nein, neun und eins ist
  3333. zehn. </foreignphrase></td>
  3334. </tr>
  3335. </informaltable>
  3336. </para>
  3337. </listitem>
  3338. </orderedlist></para>
  3339. </section>
  3340. <section>
  3341. <title>Translation drill </title>
  3342. <para> Students cover right-hand side of page and take turns giving the German version
  3343. of the sentences in English column. The instructor must insist that each student
  3344. give his version without hesitation. Go over the drill several times, until each
  3345. student has had an opportunity to give all sentences.</para>
  3346. <para> Unless students can do this drill confidently, they need more preparation.</para>
  3347. <informaltable>
  3348. <col width="10%"/>
  3349. <col width="45%"/>
  3350. <col width="45%"/>
  3351. <tr valign="top">
  3352. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 1. </td>
  3353. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is that the embassy? </td>
  3354. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  3355. das die Botschaft? </foreignphrase></td>
  3356. </tr>
  3357. <tr valign="top">
  3358. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 2. </td>
  3359. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, that's not the embassy, that is
  3360. the hotel. </td>
  3361. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3362. Nein, das ist nicht die Botschaft, das ist das Hotel.
  3363. </foreignphrase></td>
  3364. </tr>
  3365. <tr valign="top">
  3366. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 3 .</td>
  3367. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The embassy is over there, to the
  3368. left. </td>
  3369. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die
  3370. Botschaft ist da drüben, links. </foreignphrase></td>
  3371. </tr>
  3372. <tr valign="top">
  3373. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 4. </td>
  3374. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How is the beer, is it good? </td>
  3375. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3376. ist das Bier, ist es gut? </foreignphrase></td>
  3377. </tr>
  3378. <tr valign="top">
  3379. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 5. </td>
  3380. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, it's not very good. </td>
  3381. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3382. Nein, es ist nicht sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  3383. </tr>
  3384. <tr valign="top">
  3385. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 6. </td>
  3386. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> What is that there, the airport? </td>
  3387. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Was
  3388. ist das dort, der Flughafen? </foreignphrase></td>
  3389. </tr>
  3390. <tr valign="top">
  3391. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 7. </td>
  3392. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, that's the airport. </td>
  3393. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  3394. das ist der Flughafen. </foreignphrase></td>
  3395. </tr>
  3396. <tr valign="top">
  3397. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 8. </td>
  3398. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is Mr. Becker here? </td>
  3399. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  3400. Herr Becker hier? </foreignphrase></td>
  3401. </tr>
  3402. <tr valign="top">
  3403. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 9. </td>
  3404. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, he isn't (here). </td>
  3405. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3406. Nein, er ist nicht hier. </foreignphrase></td>
  3407. </tr>
  3408. <tr valign="top">
  3409. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">10. </td>
  3410. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is the wine good here? </td>
  3411. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  3412. hier der Wein gut? </foreignphrase></td>
  3413. </tr>
  3414. <tr valign="top">
  3415. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">11. </td>
  3416. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, it is (good here). </td>
  3417. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  3418. er ist gut hier. </foreignphrase></td>
  3419. </tr>
  3420. <tr valign="top">
  3421. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">12. </td>
  3422. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Where is Miss Schneider? </td>
  3423. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
  3424. ist Fräulein Schneider? </foreignphrase></td>
  3425. </tr>
  3426. <tr valign="top">
  3427. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">13. </td>
  3428. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Isn't she here? </td>
  3429. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  3430. sie nicht hier? </foreignphrase></td>
  3431. </tr>
  3432. <tr valign="top">
  3433. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">14. </td>
  3434. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, she isn't (here). </td>
  3435. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3436. Nein, sie ist nicht hier. </foreignphrase></td>
  3437. </tr>
  3438. <tr valign="top">
  3439. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">15. </td>
  3440. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How much does sausage and sauerkraut
  3441. cost? </td>
  3442. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3443. viel kostet Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut? </foreignphrase></td>
  3444. </tr>
  3445. <tr>
  3446. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">16. </td>
  3447. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> It doesn't cost much. </td>
  3448. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Es
  3449. kostet nicht viel. </foreignphrase></td>
  3450. </tr>
  3451. <tr valign="top">
  3452. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">17. </td>
  3453. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Where are the cigars? </td>
  3454. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
  3455. sind die Zigarren? </foreignphrase></td>
  3456. </tr>
  3457. <tr valign="top">
  3458. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">18. </td>
  3459. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Aren't they here? </td>
  3460. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sind
  3461. sie nicht hier? </foreignphrase></td>
  3462. </tr>
  3463. <tr valign="top">
  3464. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">19. </td>
  3465. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, they aren't (here). </td>
  3466. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3467. Nein, sie sind nicht hier. </foreignphrase></td>
  3468. </tr>
  3469. <tr valign="top">
  3470. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">20. </td>
  3471. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> They cost four marks. </td>
  3472. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie
  3473. kosten vier Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
  3474. </tr>
  3475. <tr valign="top">
  3476. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">21. </td>
  3477. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Do you understand me? </td>
  3478. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3479. Verstehen Sie mich? </foreignphrase></td>
  3480. </tr>
  3481. <tr valign="top">
  3482. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">22. </td>
  3483. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> What did you say? </td>
  3484. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3485. bitte? </foreignphrase></td>
  3486. </tr>
  3487. <tr valign="top">
  3488. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">23. </td>
  3489. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, I understand you very well. </td>
  3490. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  3491. ich verstehe Sie sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  3492. </tr>
  3493. <tr valign="top">
  3494. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">24. </td>
  3495. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Would you like to eat? </td>
  3496. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3497. Möchten Sie gern essen? </foreignphrase></td>
  3498. </tr>
  3499. <tr valign="top">
  3500. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">25 </td>
  3501. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, I would. </td>
  3502. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  3503. gerne. </foreignphrase></td>
  3504. </tr>
  3505. </informaltable>
  3506. </section>
  3507. <section>
  3508. <title>Response drill </title>
  3509. <para> Students are to prepare this drill at home. The questions are generally directed
  3510. toward the situation or situations presented in the Basic Sentences. The answers
  3511. suggested are obviously not the only possible answers to these questions, and the
  3512. student should feel free to vary them or to replace them by his own formulations ad
  3513. libitum, within the limitations of structure and vocabulary covered.</para>
  3514. <informaltable>
  3515. <col width="10%"/>
  3516. <col width="45%"/>
  3517. <col width="45%"/>
  3518. <tr valign="top">
  3519. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 1. </td>
  3520. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
  3521. ist Herr Becker? </foreignphrase></td>
  3522. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er
  3523. ist dort drüben. </foreignphrase></td>
  3524. </tr>
  3525. <tr valign="top">
  3526. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 2. </td>
  3527. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  3528. das Frau Kunze? </foreignphrase></td>
  3529. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3530. Nein, das ist nicht Frau Kunze. </foreignphrase></td>
  3531. </tr>
  3532. <tr valign="top">
  3533. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 3.</td>
  3534. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
  3535. sind Herr und Frau Schneider? </foreignphrase></td>
  3536. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Herr
  3537. und Frau Schneider sind hier. </foreignphrase></td>
  3538. </tr>
  3539. <tr valign="top">
  3540. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 4. </td>
  3541. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3542. geht es Ihnen? </foreignphrase></td>
  3543. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3544. Danke gut. Und Ihnen? </foreignphrase></td>
  3545. </tr>
  3546. <tr valign="top">
  3547. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 5.</td>
  3548. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3549. Verstehen Sie mich? </foreignphrase></td>
  3550. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  3551. ich verstehe Sie gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  3552. </tr>
  3553. <tr valign="top">
  3554. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 6. </td>
  3555. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3556. Verstehen Sie mich auch gut? </foreignphrase></td>
  3557. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3558. Nein, ich verstehe Sie nicht. </foreignphrase></td>
  3559. </tr>
  3560. <tr valign="top">
  3561. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 7.</td>
  3562. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
  3563. ist der Bahnhof? </foreignphrase></td>
  3564. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
  3565. Bahnhof ist dort rechts. </foreignphrase></td>
  3566. </tr>
  3567. <tr valign="top">
  3568. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 8. </td>
  3569. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  3570. das der Bahnhof? </foreignphrase></td>
  3571. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3572. Nein, das ist nicht der Bahnhof. Er ist dort, geradeaus.
  3573. </foreignphrase></td>
  3574. </tr>
  3575. <tr valign="top">
  3576. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 9.</td>
  3577. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
  3578. ist der Flughafen? </foreignphrase></td>
  3579. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er
  3580. ist dort drüben. </foreignphrase></td>
  3581. </tr>
  3582. <tr valign="top">
  3583. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 10. </td>
  3584. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  3585. das Hotel dort links? </foreignphrase></td>
  3586. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3587. Nein, es ist dort rechts. </foreignphrase></td>
  3588. </tr>
  3589. <tr valign="top">
  3590. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 11. </td>
  3591. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
  3592. Restaurant ist dort drüben, nicht wahr? </foreignphrase></td>
  3593. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  3594. es ist dort drüben, geradeaus. </foreignphrase></td>
  3595. </tr>
  3596. <tr valign="top">
  3597. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 12. </td>
  3598. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Was
  3599. ist das dort? </foreignphrase></td>
  3600. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
  3601. ist die Botschaft. </foreignphrase></td>
  3602. </tr>
  3603. <tr valign="top">
  3604. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 13. </td>
  3605. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
  3606. ist hier die Bank? </foreignphrase></td>
  3607. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die
  3608. Bank ist hier links. </foreignphrase></td>
  3609. </tr>
  3610. <tr valign="top">
  3611. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 14. </td>
  3612. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> 1st
  3613. das die Botschaft da drüben? </foreignphrase></td>
  3614. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  3615. das ist die Botschaft. </foreignphrase></td>
  3616. </tr>
  3617. <tr valign="top">
  3618. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 15. </td>
  3619. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3620. ist das Cafe? </foreignphrase></td>
  3621. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
  3622. Cafe ist sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  3623. </tr>
  3624. <tr valign="top">
  3625. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 16. </td>
  3626. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  3627. das Restaurant auch gut? </foreignphrase></td>
  3628. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3629. Nein, das Restaurant ist nicht sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  3630. </tr>
  3631. <tr valign="top">
  3632. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 17. </td>
  3633. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3634. sagt man "good bye" auf deutsch? </foreignphrase></td>
  3635. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Man
  3636. sagt "Auf Wiedersehen". </foreignphrase></td>
  3637. </tr>
  3638. <tr valign="top">
  3639. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 18.</td>
  3640. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3641. sagt man "thank you" auf deutsch? </foreignphrase></td>
  3642. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Man
  3643. sagt "Danke schön". </foreignphrase></td>
  3644. </tr>
  3645. <tr valign="top">
  3646. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 19. </td>
  3647. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Was
  3648. möchten Sie haben? </foreignphrase></td>
  3649. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich
  3650. möchte zehn Zigaretten haben. </foreignphrase></td>
  3651. </tr>
  3652. <tr valign="top">
  3653. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 20. </td>
  3654. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3655. Möchten Sie auch Zigarren haben? </foreignphrase></td>
  3656. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  3657. ich möchte auch Zigarren haben. </foreignphrase></td>
  3658. </tr>
  3659. <tr valign="top">
  3660. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 21. </td>
  3661. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3662. viele möchten Sie haben? </foreignphrase></td>
  3663. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3664. Vier, bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
  3665. </tr>
  3666. <tr valign="top">
  3667. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 22. </td>
  3668. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3669. Möchten Sie auch Streichhölzer haben? </foreignphrase></td>
  3670. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  3671. ich möchte auch Streichhölzer haben. </foreignphrase></td>
  3672. </tr>
  3673. <tr valign="top">
  3674. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 23. </td>
  3675. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3676. viel kosten die Zigarren? </foreignphrase></td>
  3677. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die
  3678. Zigarren kosten eine Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
  3679. </tr>
  3680. <tr valign="top">
  3681. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 24. </td>
  3682. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3683. Kostet das Bier eine Mark? </foreignphrase></td>
  3684. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3685. Nein, es kostet eine Mark zehn. </foreignphrase></td>
  3686. </tr>
  3687. <tr valign="top">
  3688. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 25. </td>
  3689. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3690. viel kostet der Wein? </foreignphrase></td>
  3691. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er
  3692. kostet sechs Mark fünf. </foreignphrase></td>
  3693. </tr>
  3694. <tr valign="top">
  3695. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 26. </td>
  3696. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3697. viel kosten der Kaffee und der Tee? </foreignphrase></td>
  3698. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
  3699. Kaffee und der Tee kosten fünf Mark zwölf. </foreignphrase></td>
  3700. </tr>
  3701. <tr valign="top">
  3702. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 27. </td>
  3703. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3704. Möchten Sie gern etwas essen? </foreignphrase></td>
  3705. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  3706. ich möchte gern etwas essen. </foreignphrase></td>
  3707. </tr>
  3708. <tr valign="top">
  3709. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 28. </td>
  3710. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Was
  3711. möchten Sie essen? </foreignphrase></td>
  3712. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich
  3713. möchte Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut essen. </foreignphrase></td>
  3714. </tr>
  3715. <tr valign="top">
  3716. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 29. </td>
  3717. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3718. Möchten Sie auch Brot essen? </foreignphrase></td>
  3719. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  3720. ich möchte auch etwas Brot essen. </foreignphrase></td>
  3721. </tr>
  3722. <tr valign="top">
  3723. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 30. </td>
  3724. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3725. ist hier das Bier? </foreignphrase></td>
  3726. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
  3727. Bier ist hier sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  3728. </tr>
  3729. <tr valign="top">
  3730. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 31. </td>
  3731. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  3732. der Wein auch gut? </foreignphrase></td>
  3733. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  3734. der Wein ist auch sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  3735. </tr>
  3736. <tr valign="top">
  3737. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 32. </td>
  3738. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3739. ist der Kaffee? </foreignphrase></td>
  3740. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
  3741. Kaffee ist nicht gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  3742. </tr>
  3743. <tr valign="top">
  3744. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 33. </td>
  3745. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  3746. der Tee auch nicht gut? </foreignphrase></td>
  3747. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3748. Nein, er ist auch nicht gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  3749. </tr>
  3750. <tr valign="top">
  3751. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 34. </td>
  3752. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  3753. die Milch gut? </foreignphrase></td>
  3754. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ja,
  3755. die Milch ist sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  3756. </tr>
  3757. <tr valign="top">
  3758. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 35. </td>
  3759. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3760. viel ist zwei und zwei? </foreignphrase></td>
  3761. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Zwei
  3762. und zwei ist vier. </foreignphrase></td>
  3763. </tr>
  3764. <tr valign="top">
  3765. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 36. </td>
  3766. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  3767. drei und vier acht? </foreignphrase></td>
  3768. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3769. Nein, drei und vier ist sieben. </foreignphrase></td>
  3770. </tr>
  3771. <tr valign="top">
  3772. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 37. </td>
  3773. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3774. viel ist fünf und vier? </foreignphrase></td>
  3775. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fünf
  3776. und vier ist neun. </foreignphrase></td>
  3777. </tr>
  3778. <tr valign="top">
  3779. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 38. </td>
  3780. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  3781. sechs und fünf zwölf? </foreignphrase></td>
  3782. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3783. Nein, sechs und fünf ist nicht zwölf. Sechs und fünf ist elf.
  3784. </foreignphrase></td>
  3785. </tr>
  3786. </informaltable>
  3787. </section>
  3788. <section>
  3789. <title>Conversation practice</title>
  3790. <para> Students keep books closed. Preparation before class is recommended.</para>
  3791. <para> The instructor reads one conversational bout three or four times, out loud, at
  3792. normal speed. Class listens and students memorize.</para>
  3793. <para> The instructor and one student now 'play back' the conversation. Repeat each bout
  3794. until each student has taken each part once. Then proceed to the next bout.</para>
  3795. <para> Keep the ball rolling. If students are hesitant, abandon this drill for the day.
  3796. Students will prepare themselves at home for the next repetition of the
  3797. drill.</para>
  3798. <para> The instructor will POSTPONE CORRECTING OF MISTAKES during a bout until after it
  3799. is concluded so as not to discourage the student. After the bout, the instructor
  3800. simply says the mistaken or mispronounced item to the student and has him repeat it
  3801. after him.</para>
  3802. <informaltable>
  3803. <col width="10%"/>
  3804. <col width="90%"/>
  3805. <tr>
  3806. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center" valign="top">
  3807. <emphasis role="bold">1</emphasis>
  3808. </td>
  3809. </tr>
  3810. <tr valign="top">
  3811. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> A: </td>
  3812. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
  3813. ist die Botschaft hier in Bonn? </foreignphrase></td>
  3814. </tr>
  3815. <tr valign="top">
  3816. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> B: </td>
  3817. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die
  3818. Botschaft ist dort, geradeaus. </foreignphrase></td>
  3819. </tr>
  3820. <tr valign="top">
  3821. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> A: </td>
  3822. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3823. bitte? </foreignphrase></td>
  3824. </tr>
  3825. <tr valign="top">
  3826. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> B: </td>
  3827. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie
  3828. ist dort, geradeaus. Verstehen Sie mich? </foreignphrase></td>
  3829. </tr>
  3830. <tr valign="top">
  3831. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> A: </td>
  3832. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  3833. danke. Und wo ist der Flughafen? </foreignphrase></td>
  3834. </tr>
  3835. <tr valign="top">
  3836. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> B: </td>
  3837. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
  3838. Flughafen ist da links. </foreignphrase></td>
  3839. </tr>
  3840. <tr valign="top">
  3841. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> A: </td>
  3842. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3843. Danke schön. </foreignphrase></td>
  3844. </tr>
  3845. </informaltable>
  3846. <informaltable>
  3847. <col width="10%"/>
  3848. <col width="90%"/>
  3849. <tr>
  3850. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center" valign="top">
  3851. <emphasis role="bold">2</emphasis>
  3852. </td>
  3853. </tr>
  3854. <tr valign="top">
  3855. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> S:</td>
  3856. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3857. Guten Tag, Herr Becker. </foreignphrase></td>
  3858. </tr>
  3859. <tr valign="top">
  3860. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> K:</td>
  3861. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3862. Guten Tag, Herr Kunze. Wie geht es Ihnen? </foreignphrase></td>
  3863. </tr>
  3864. <tr valign="top">
  3865. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> S: </td>
  3866. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3867. Danke, gut. Und Ihnen? </foreignphrase></td>
  3868. </tr>
  3869. <tr valign="top">
  3870. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> K:</td>
  3871. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3872. Auch gut, danke. </foreignphrase></td>
  3873. </tr>
  3874. <tr valign="top">
  3875. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> S:</td>
  3876. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3877. Wie ist das Bier hier? </foreignphrase></td>
  3878. </tr>
  3879. <tr valign="top">
  3880. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> K:</td>
  3881. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3882. Es ist sehr gut und der Wein ist auch gut. </foreignphrase></td>
  3883. </tr>
  3884. <tr valign="top">
  3885. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> S:</td>
  3886. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3887. Wie viel kostet das Bier? </foreignphrase></td>
  3888. </tr>
  3889. <tr valign="top">
  3890. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> K:</td>
  3891. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3892. Es kostet eine Mark zehn. </foreignphrase></td>
  3893. </tr>
  3894. <tr valign="top">
  3895. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> S:</td>
  3896. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3897. Möchten Sie auch etwas essen? </foreignphrase></td>
  3898. </tr>
  3899. <tr valign="top">
  3900. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> K:</td>
  3901. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3902. Nein, danke. </foreignphrase></td>
  3903. </tr>
  3904. </informaltable>
  3905. <informaltable>
  3906. <col width="10%"/>
  3907. <col width="90%"/>
  3908. <tr>
  3909. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center" valign="top"><emphasis role="bold"> 3
  3910. </emphasis></td>
  3911. </tr>
  3912. <tr valign="top">
  3913. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> C: </td>
  3914. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3915. Guten Morgen. Ich möchte gern zehn Zigarren haben. </foreignphrase></td>
  3916. </tr>
  3917. <tr valign="top">
  3918. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> D: </td>
  3919. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3920. Bitte. Möchten Sie auch Zigaretten haben? </foreignphrase></td>
  3921. </tr>
  3922. <tr valign="top">
  3923. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> C: </td>
  3924. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3925. Nein, danke. Aber ich möchte Streichhölzer haben. </foreignphrase></td>
  3926. </tr>
  3927. <tr valign="top">
  3928. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> D: </td>
  3929. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Hier
  3930. bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
  3931. </tr>
  3932. <tr valign="top">
  3933. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> C:</td>
  3934. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3935. viel kosten die Zigarren? </foreignphrase></td>
  3936. </tr>
  3937. <tr valign="top">
  3938. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> D:</td>
  3939. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie
  3940. kästen fünf Mark sieben. </foreignphrase></td>
  3941. </tr>
  3942. </informaltable>
  3943. <informaltable>
  3944. <col width="10%"/>
  3945. <col width="90%"/>
  3946. <tr>
  3947. <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center" valign="top"><emphasis role="bold"> 4
  3948. </emphasis></td>
  3949. </tr>
  3950. <tr valign="top">
  3951. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> E: </td>
  3952. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3953. Verzeihung, wo ist das Restaurant? </foreignphrase></td>
  3954. </tr>
  3955. <tr valign="top">
  3956. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> F:</td>
  3957. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
  3958. Restaurant ist dort, rechts. </foreignphrase></td>
  3959. </tr>
  3960. <tr valign="top">
  3961. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> E: </td>
  3962. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
  3963. das der Flughafen dort drüben? </foreignphrase></td>
  3964. </tr>
  3965. <tr valign="top">
  3966. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> F: </td>
  3967. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
  3968. Nein, das ist nicht der Flughafen, das ist der Bahnhof. Der Flughafen
  3969. ist dort, links. </foreignphrase></td>
  3970. </tr>
  3971. <tr valign="top">
  3972. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> E: </td>
  3973. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
  3974. bitte? Ich verstehe Sie nicht. Sprechen Sie bitte langsam.
  3975. </foreignphrase></td>
  3976. </tr>
  3977. <tr valign="top">
  3978. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> F: </td>
  3979. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
  3980. ist nicht der Flughafen, das ist der Bahnhof. Der Flughafen ist dort,
  3981. links. Verstehen Sie mich? </foreignphrase></td>
  3982. </tr>
  3983. <tr valign="top">
  3984. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> E: </td>
  3985. <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
  3986. ich verstehe Sie. Auf Wiedersehen. </foreignphrase></td>
  3987. </tr>
  3988. </informaltable>
  3989. </section>
  3990. <section>
  3991. <title>Situations</title>
  3992. <para> You are now ready for free conversation. Act out the following situations, Which
  3993. are slight variations on the basic sentences, as freely and fluently as you can,
  3994. making use of all the patterns you have learned.</para>
  3995. <para><emphasis role="bold"> Finding the Way</emphasis></para>
  3996. <para> An American has just arrived in Germany and doesn't understand too well yet. He
  3997. asks a German on the street where the hotel is. The German tells him it's over there
  3998. to the left. The American doesn't understand him and asks him to say it again
  3999. please.</para>
  4000. <para> He still does not understand and asks the German to speak slowly. The latter
  4001. repeats much slower and asks the American if he understands. The American says he
  4002. does, thanks him and says good-bye.</para>
  4003. <para> Go through this conversation again with the American asking for the embassy,
  4004. cafe, airport, etc., and the German giving different directions: straight ahead,
  4005. over there, to the right, etc.</para>
  4006. <para><emphasis role="bold"> Question Practice</emphasis></para>
  4007. <para> Each student asks the next student a question in addition (numbers one to
  4008. twelve). He answers it and asks the next student, etc. </para>
  4009. <para><emphasis role="bold">At the Cigar Store </emphasis></para>
  4010. <para>Mr. Becker is the proprietor of a cigar store. Mr. Schneider stops in for some
  4011. cigarettes. They exchange greetings, and Mr. Becker asks what Mr. Schneider would
  4012. like. After getting him the cigarettes he asks if Mr. Schneider would like some
  4013. cigars, too. He says no thanks, but he would like some matches. Figuring up his own
  4014. bill he says that costs one mark ten, doesn't it, but Mr. Becker says no, it costs
  4015. two marks. Mr. Schneider gives him the money, and they say good-bye to each other. </para>
  4016. <para><emphasis role="bold">At the Restaurant </emphasis></para>
  4017. <para>Miss Schneider is the waitress in a restaurant. Mr. Kunze greets her as he comes
  4018. in and asks how she is. She returns his greeting and asks if he is well, too. He
  4019. says yes, thanks, and asks if they have sausage and sauerkraut, and how the beer and
  4020. the wine are, etc. Finally he says he'd like to have sausage and sauerkraut, beer
  4021. and some bread. After the meal he pays her - it costs three marks - and says
  4022. good-bye.</para>
  4023. </section>
  4024. <section>
  4025. <title>Finder list</title>
  4026. <para> FINDER LIST</para>
  4027. <informaltable>
  4028. <col width="50%"/>
  4029. <col width="50%"/>
  4030. <tr valign="top">
  4031. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Abend </foreignphrase></td>
  4032. <td> evening </td>
  4033. </tr>
  4034. <tr valign="top">
  4035. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> aber </foreignphrase></td>
  4036. <td> but </td>
  4037. </tr>
  4038. <tr valign="top">
  4039. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> acht </foreignphrase></td>
  4040. <td> eight </td>
  4041. </tr>
  4042. <tr valign="top">
  4043. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auch </foreignphrase></td>
  4044. <td> also, too </td>
  4045. </tr>
  4046. <tr valign="top">
  4047. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auch nicht </foreignphrase></td>
  4048. <td> not ... either </td>
  4049. </tr>
  4050. <tr valign="top">
  4051. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auf deutsch </foreignphrase></td>
  4052. <td> in German </td>
  4053. </tr>
  4054. <tr valign="top">
  4055. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Auf Wiedersehen'. </foreignphrase></td>
  4056. <td> good-bye </td>
  4057. </tr>
  4058. <tr valign="top">
  4059. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Bahnhof </foreignphrase></td>
  4060. <td> station </td>
  4061. </tr>
  4062. <tr valign="top">
  4063. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Bank </foreignphrase></td>
  4064. <td> bank </td>
  4065. </tr>
  4066. <tr valign="top">
  4067. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das Bier </foreignphrase></td>
  4068. <td> beer </td>
  4069. </tr>
  4070. <tr valign="top">
  4071. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> bitte </foreignphrase></td>
  4072. <td> please </td>
  4073. </tr>
  4074. <tr valign="top">
  4075. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> bitte schön </foreignphrase></td>
  4076. <td> here you are </td>
  4077. </tr>
  4078. <tr valign="top">
  4079. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Botschaft </foreignphrase></td>
  4080. <td> embassy </td>
  4081. </tr>
  4082. <tr valign="top">
  4083. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut
  4084. </foreignphrase></td>
  4085. <td> sausage and sauerkraut </td>
  4086. </tr>
  4087. <tr valign="top">
  4088. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Brot </foreignphrase></td>
  4089. <td> bread </td>
  4090. </tr>
  4091. <tr valign="top">
  4092. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das Café</foreignphrase></td>
  4093. <td> cafe </td>
  4094. </tr>
  4095. <tr valign="top">
  4096. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> da </foreignphrase></td>
  4097. <td> there </td>
  4098. </tr>
  4099. <tr valign="top">
  4100. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> danke </foreignphrase></td>
  4101. <td> thanks </td>
  4102. </tr>
  4103. <tr valign="top">
  4104. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> danke schön </foreignphrase></td>
  4105. <td> many thanks </td>
  4106. </tr>
  4107. <tr valign="top">
  4108. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das </foreignphrase></td>
  4109. <td> that </td>
  4110. </tr>
  4111. <tr valign="top">
  4112. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> dort </foreignphrase></td>
  4113. <td> there </td>
  4114. </tr>
  4115. <tr valign="top">
  4116. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> drei </foreignphrase></td>
  4117. <td> three </td>
  4118. </tr>
  4119. <tr valign="top">
  4120. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> drüben </foreignphrase></td>
  4121. <td> over there </td>
  4122. </tr>
  4123. <tr valign="top">
  4124. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> eins </foreignphrase></td>
  4125. <td> one </td>
  4126. </tr>
  4127. <tr valign="top">
  4128. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> elf </foreignphrase></td>
  4129. <td> eleven </td>
  4130. </tr>
  4131. <tr valign="top">
  4132. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> er </foreignphrase></td>
  4133. <td> he, it </td>
  4134. </tr>
  4135. <tr valign="top">
  4136. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> es </foreignphrase></td>
  4137. <td> it </td>
  4138. </tr>
  4139. <tr valign="top">
  4140. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> essen </foreignphrase></td>
  4141. <td> eat </td>
  4142. </tr>
  4143. <tr valign="top">
  4144. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> etwas Brot </foreignphrase></td>
  4145. <td> some bread </td>
  4146. </tr>
  4147. <tr valign="top">
  4148. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Flughafen </foreignphrase></td>
  4149. <td> airport </td>
  4150. </tr>
  4151. <tr valign="top">
  4152. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Frau </foreignphrase></td>
  4153. <td> Mrs. </td>
  4154. </tr>
  4155. <tr valign="top">
  4156. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Frau Kunze </foreignphrase></td>
  4157. <td> Mrs. Kunze </td>
  4158. </tr>
  4159. <tr valign="top">
  4160. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fräulein </foreignphrase></td>
  4161. <td> Miss </td>
  4162. </tr>
  4163. <tr valign="top">
  4164. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fräulein Schneider </foreignphrase></td>
  4165. <td> Miss Schneider </td>
  4166. </tr>
  4167. <tr valign="top">
  4168. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> fünf </foreignphrase></td>
  4169. <td> five </td>
  4170. </tr>
  4171. <tr valign="top">
  4172. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> geht </foreignphrase></td>
  4173. <td> goes </td>
  4174. </tr>
  4175. <tr valign="top">
  4176. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> geradeaus </foreignphrase></td>
  4177. <td> straight ahead </td>
  4178. </tr>
  4179. <tr valign="top">
  4180. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> gern(e) </foreignphrase></td>
  4181. <td> with pleasure </td>
  4182. </tr>
  4183. <tr valign="top">
  4184. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> gut </foreignphrase></td>
  4185. <td> good, well </td>
  4186. </tr>
  4187. <tr valign="top">
  4188. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> guten Abend </foreignphrase></td>
  4189. <td> good evening </td>
  4190. </tr>
  4191. <tr valign="top">
  4192. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> guten Morgen </foreignphrase></td>
  4193. <td> good morning </td>
  4194. </tr>
  4195. <tr valign="top">
  4196. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> guten Tag </foreignphrase></td>
  4197. <td> hello (good by) </td>
  4198. </tr>
  4199. <tr valign="top">
  4200. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> haben </foreignphrase></td>
  4201. <td> have </td>
  4202. </tr>
  4203. <tr valign="top">
  4204. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Herr </foreignphrase></td>
  4205. <td> Mr. </td>
  4206. </tr>
  4207. <tr valign="top">
  4208. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Herr Becker </foreignphrase></td>
  4209. <td> Mr. Becker </td>
  4210. </tr>
  4211. <tr valign="top">
  4212. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> hier </foreignphrase></td>
  4213. <td> here </td>
  4214. </tr>
  4215. <tr valign="top">
  4216. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das Hotel </foreignphrase></td>
  4217. <td> hotel </td>
  4218. </tr>
  4219. <tr valign="top">
  4220. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich </foreignphrase></td>
  4221. <td> I </td>
  4222. </tr>
  4223. <tr valign="top">
  4224. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ihnen </foreignphrase></td>
  4225. <td> to you, with you </td>
  4226. </tr>
  4227. <tr valign="top">
  4228. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ist </foreignphrase></td>
  4229. <td> is </td>
  4230. </tr>
  4231. <tr valign="top">
  4232. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja </foreignphrase></td>
  4233. <td> yes </td>
  4234. </tr>
  4235. <tr valign="top">
  4236. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Kaffee </foreignphrase></td>
  4237. <td> coffee </td>
  4238. </tr>
  4239. <tr valign="top">
  4240. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> kosten </foreignphrase></td>
  4241. <td> cost </td>
  4242. </tr>
  4243. <tr valign="top">
  4244. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> kostet </foreignphrase></td>
  4245. <td> costs </td>
  4246. </tr>
  4247. <tr valign="top">
  4248. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> langsam </foreignphrase></td>
  4249. <td> slow, slowly </td>
  4250. </tr>
  4251. <tr valign="top">
  4252. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> links </foreignphrase></td>
  4253. <td> left, to the left </td>
  4254. </tr>
  4255. <tr valign="top">
  4256. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> man </foreignphrase></td>
  4257. <td> one, you </td>
  4258. </tr>
  4259. <tr valign="top">
  4260. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Mark </foreignphrase></td>
  4261. <td> Mark, Marks </td>
  4262. </tr>
  4263. <tr valign="top">
  4264. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> eine Mark </foreignphrase></td>
  4265. <td> one Mark </td>
  4266. </tr>
  4267. <tr valign="top">
  4268. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zwei Mark </foreignphrase></td>
  4269. <td> two Marks </td>
  4270. </tr>
  4271. <tr valign="top">
  4272. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> mich </foreignphrase></td>
  4273. <td> me (acc) </td>
  4274. </tr>
  4275. <tr valign="top">
  4276. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Milch </foreignphrase></td>
  4277. <td> milk </td>
  4278. </tr>
  4279. <tr valign="top">
  4280. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> möchten </foreignphrase></td>
  4281. <td> would like </td>
  4282. </tr>
  4283. <tr valign="top">
  4284. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> möchten Sie </foreignphrase></td>
  4285. <td> would you like </td>
  4286. </tr>
  4287. <tr valign="top">
  4288. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich möchte </foreignphrase></td>
  4289. <td> I would like </td>
  4290. </tr>
  4291. <tr valign="top">
  4292. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich möchte gern </foreignphrase></td>
  4293. <td> I'd like very much </td>
  4294. </tr>
  4295. <tr valign="top">
  4296. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Morgen </foreignphrase></td>
  4297. <td> morning </td>
  4298. </tr>
  4299. <tr valign="top">
  4300. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> nein </foreignphrase></td>
  4301. <td> no </td>
  4302. </tr>
  4303. <tr valign="top">
  4304. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> neun </foreignphrase></td>
  4305. <td> nine </td>
  4306. </tr>
  4307. <tr valign="top">
  4308. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> nicht </foreignphrase></td>
  4309. <td> not </td>
  4310. </tr>
  4311. <tr valign="top">
  4312. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> nicht wahr? </foreignphrase></td>
  4313. <td> isn1t it (not true)? </td>
  4314. </tr>
  4315. <tr valign="top">
  4316. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> nochmal </foreignphrase></td>
  4317. <td> again </td>
  4318. </tr>
  4319. <tr valign="top">
  4320. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> null </foreignphrase></td>
  4321. <td> zero </td>
  4322. </tr>
  4323. <tr valign="top">
  4324. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Pfennig </foreignphrase></td>
  4325. <td> penny, pennies </td>
  4326. </tr>
  4327. <tr valign="top">
  4328. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> rechts </foreignphrase></td>
  4329. <td> to the right </td>
  4330. </tr>
  4331. <tr valign="top">
  4332. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das Restaurant </foreignphrase></td>
  4333. <td> restaurant </td>
  4334. </tr>
  4335. <tr valign="top">
  4336. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sagt </foreignphrase></td>
  4337. <td> says </td>
  4338. </tr>
  4339. <tr valign="top">
  4340. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sagt man </foreignphrase></td>
  4341. <td> does one say </td>
  4342. </tr>
  4343. <tr valign="top">
  4344. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sechs </foreignphrase></td>
  4345. <td> six </td>
  4346. </tr>
  4347. <tr valign="top">
  4348. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sehr </foreignphrase></td>
  4349. <td> very </td>
  4350. </tr>
  4351. <tr valign="top">
  4352. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sie </foreignphrase></td>
  4353. <td> she, it </td>
  4354. </tr>
  4355. <tr valign="top">
  4356. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie </foreignphrase></td>
  4357. <td> you </td>
  4358. </tr>
  4359. <tr valign="top">
  4360. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sieben </foreignphrase></td>
  4361. <td> seven </td>
  4362. </tr>
  4363. <tr valign="top">
  4364. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sind </foreignphrase></td>
  4365. <td> are </td>
  4366. </tr>
  4367. <tr valign="top">
  4368. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sprechen </foreignphrase></td>
  4369. <td> speak </td>
  4370. </tr>
  4371. <tr valign="top">
  4372. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Streichhölzer </foreignphrase></td>
  4373. <td> matches </td>
  4374. </tr>
  4375. <tr valign="top">
  4376. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Tag </foreignphrase></td>
  4377. <td> day </td>
  4378. </tr>
  4379. <tr valign="top">
  4380. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Tee </foreignphrase></td>
  4381. <td> tea </td>
  4382. </tr>
  4383. <tr>
  4384. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> und </foreignphrase></td>
  4385. <td> and </td>
  4386. </tr>
  4387. <tr valign="top">
  4388. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> verstehen </foreignphrase></td>
  4389. <td> understand </td>
  4390. </tr>
  4391. <tr valign="top">
  4392. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> verstehen Sie </foreignphrase></td>
  4393. <td> do you understand </td>
  4394. </tr>
  4395. <tr valign="top">
  4396. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich verstehe </foreignphrase></td>
  4397. <td> I understand </td>
  4398. </tr>
  4399. <tr valign="top">
  4400. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verzeihung </foreignphrase></td>
  4401. <td> excuse me </td>
  4402. </tr>
  4403. <tr valign="top">
  4404. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> vier </foreignphrase></td>
  4405. <td> four </td>
  4406. </tr>
  4407. <tr valign="top">
  4408. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> was </foreignphrase></td>
  4409. <td> What </td>
  4410. </tr>
  4411. <tr valign="top">
  4412. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das Wasser </foreignphrase></td>
  4413. <td> water </td>
  4414. </tr>
  4415. <tr valign="top">
  4416. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Wein </foreignphrase></td>
  4417. <td> wine </td>
  4418. </tr>
  4419. <tr valign="top">
  4420. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie </foreignphrase></td>
  4421. <td> how </td>
  4422. </tr>
  4423. <tr valign="top">
  4424. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie bitte? </foreignphrase></td>
  4425. <td> I beg your pardon. What did you say? </td>
  4426. </tr>
  4427. <tr valign="top">
  4428. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie viel </foreignphrase></td>
  4429. <td> now much </td>
  4430. </tr>
  4431. <tr valign="top">
  4432. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie viele </foreignphrase></td>
  4433. <td> how many </td>
  4434. </tr>
  4435. <tr valign="top">
  4436. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wo </foreignphrase></td>
  4437. <td> Where </td>
  4438. </tr>
  4439. <tr valign="top">
  4440. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zehn </foreignphrase></td>
  4441. <td> ten </td>
  4442. </tr>
  4443. <tr valign="top">
  4444. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Zigaretten </foreignphrase></td>
  4445. <td> cigarettes </td>
  4446. </tr>
  4447. <tr valign="top">
  4448. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Zigarren </foreignphrase></td>
  4449. <td> cigars </td>
  4450. </tr>
  4451. <tr valign="top">
  4452. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zwei </foreignphrase></td>
  4453. <td> two </td>
  4454. </tr>
  4455. <tr valign="top">
  4456. <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zwölf </foreignphrase></td>
  4457. <td> twelve </td>
  4458. </tr>
  4459. </informaltable>
  4460. </section>
  4461. </chapter>
  4462. <chapter>
  4463. <title/>
  4464. <para/>
  4465. </chapter>
  4466. </book>