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FSI-Russian


			
				
					
						
						
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							<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>In case you were wondering</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.2"/></head><body><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e33934" shape="rect"/>In case you were wondering</h1></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="d0e33937" shape="rect"/>Verbs of Motion</h2></div></div></div><p>When speaking of actions which involve motion, either with or
      without some form of transport, Russian uses a system of verbs commonly
      referred to as the "verbs of motion". These verbs are grouped in a way
      unique from other verbs and, in many respects, follow their own logic
      and system in terms of usage. The following is a very brief and
      schematic explanation of these verbs. For more detailed information, you
      should consult any of the handbooks on Russian grammar available.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="d0e33942" shape="rect"/>"Going" verbs</h2></div></div></div><p>There are 3 verbs which convey the message of simply
      "going":</p><p>These are:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist"><li class="listitem"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ходить</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">идти</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">пойти</em></span></p></li></ul></div><p>To best understand how these are used, study the examples
      below:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist"><li class="listitem"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ходить</em></span>
          (multi-directional, indeterminate)</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Дети ходят в
                  школу.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The children go to school. (They make regular trips
                  there and back.)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Дети ходят по
                  парку.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The children are strolling about the park. (random
                  motion, no goal)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Дети ходили в
                  кино.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The children went to the movies. (They made one round
                  trip, there and back.)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ребёнок уже
                  ходит.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The child is already walking. (He/she can perform the
                  action.)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Идти</em></span>
          (uni-directional, determinate)</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Он идёт по
                  улице.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">He's going along the street. (action in progress,
                  directed toward a goal)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Когда он шёл в магазин,
                  он встретил своего друга.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">While on his way to the store, he met his friend.
                  (goal-directed action in progress, "intersected" by a
                  secondary action)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Пойти</em></span> (setting
          out; future intent to go)</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где ваша сестра? Она
                  пошла в библиотеку.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where's your sister? She's left for the
                  library.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Завтра мы пойдём в
                  музей.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tomorrow we'll go to the museum.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li></ol></div><p>All these verbs simply convey the meaning of "going" and say
      nothing about HOW that action will be accomplished. If it is necessary
      to emphasize that you will be "walking", you need to add <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">пешком</em></span> after the verb.</p><p>For example:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup span="1"><col span="1"/><col span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Утром дети идут в школу
              пешком.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Thre children walk to school in the morning.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Я люблю ходить
              пешком.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">I like to walk</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Они хотят пойти в музей
              пешком.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">They want to walk to the museum.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="d0e34071" shape="rect"/>"Transport" verbs</h2></div></div></div><p>If you are emphasizing that you are using a form of
      transportation, you will use the following verbs:</p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ездить</em></span> (for
      <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ходить</em></span>) <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ехать</em></span> (for <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">идти</em></span>) <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">поехать</em></span> (for <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">пойти</em></span>) and indicate, if you wish, the form
      of transport in the following manner:</p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на машине</em></span>,
      <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на автобусе</em></span>, <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на трамвае</em></span>, <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на метро</em></span>, etc.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong>For example</strong></span>:</p><div class="informalexample"><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup span="1"><col span="1"/><col span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Мы ездили туда на
                машине. </em></span></p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>We went there by car. </p></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Он любит ездить на
                метро.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">He likes to take the metro.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Мы поедем в Москву на
                поезде.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">We'll take the train to Moscow.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><p><span class="bold"><strong>Note</strong></span>:</p><div class="informalexample"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Автобус (троллейбус, трамвай,
        поезд) ходит/идёт.</em></span></p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Машина
        ездит/едет.</em></span></p></div><p><span class="bold"><strong>For example:</strong></span></p><div class="informalexample"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вот идёт наш
        автобус.</em></span></p><p>There goes our bus.</p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вы не знаете, какой трамвай идёт до
        библиотеки?</em></span></p><p>Would you happen to know which bus goes to the library?</p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Смотрите! Вот едет машина
        президента!</em></span></p><p>Look! There goes the President's car!</p></div></div></div></body></html>