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  3. <title xmlns:ng="http://docbook.org/docbook-ng">Practice in Russian phonetics</title><meta xmlns:ng="http://docbook.org/docbook-ng" name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.2"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The RUSSIAN Fast Course"><link rel="up" href="ch01.html" title="Chapter&nbsp;1.&nbsp;Lesson 1"><link rel="prev" href="ch01s03.html" title="Russian phonetics"><link rel="next" href="ch01s05.html" title="Spelling and pronunciation"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Practice in Russian phonetics</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s03.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter&nbsp;1.&nbsp;Lesson 1</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="ch01s05.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="d5e2281"></a>Practice in Russian phonetics</h2></div></div></div><p>Listen carefully as your instructor reads the following pairs aloud. Try to detect the
  4. (subtle) difference between the "hard" consonant sound (the first in the pair) and the "soft"
  5. consonant sound. Notice also the differences in the orthography.</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col><col><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">6a</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1073;&#1103;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1073;&#1101;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1073;&#1077;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1073;&#1086;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1073;&#1105;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1073;&#1091;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1073;&#1102;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1073;&#1099;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1073;&#1080;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1103;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1101;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1077;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1086;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1105;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1091;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1102;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1099;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1080;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1103;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1101;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1077;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1086;</em></span> &#8212; <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1105;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1091;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1102;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1099;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1080;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1092;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1092;&#1103;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1092;&#1101;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1092;&#1077;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1092;&#1086;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1092;&#1105;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1092;&#1091;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1092;&#1102;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1092;&#1099;</em></span> &#8212; <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1092;&#1080;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1076;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1076;&#1103;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1076;&#1101;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1076;&#1077;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1076;&#1086;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1076;&#1105;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1076;&#1091;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1076;&#1102;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1076;&#1099;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1076;&#1080;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1103;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1101;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1077;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1086;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1077;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1091;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1102;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1099;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1080;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1079;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1079;&#1103;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1079;&#1101;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1079;&#1077;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1079;&#1086;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1079;&#1105;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1079;&#1091;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1079;&#1102;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1079;&#1099;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1079;&#1080;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1103;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1101;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1077;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1086;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1105;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1091;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1102;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1099;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1080;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1083;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1083;&#1103;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1083;&#1101;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1083;&#1077;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1083;&#1086;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1083;&#1105;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1083;&#1091;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1083;&#1102;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1083;&#1099;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1083;&#1080;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1103;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1101;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1077;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1086;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1105;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1091;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1102;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1099;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1080;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1103;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1101;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1077;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1086;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1077;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1091;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1102;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1099;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1080;</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>Listen carefully as your instructor reads the following words aloud. Pay close attention
  6. to the differences between the "soft" consonants (look for the vowels <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1103;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1077;</em></span>,
  7. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1105;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1102;</em></span> and <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1080;</em></span> or the "soft sign"
  8. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1100;</em></span>) and the "hard" ones.</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1072;&#1089;&#1089;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1103;&#1089;&#1086;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1072;&#1087;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1103;&#1090;&#1100;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1072;&#1096;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1103;&#1085;&#1103;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1099;&#1083;&#1086;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1080;&#1083;&#1072;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1073;&#1099;&#1083;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1073;&#1080;&#1083;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1072;&#1084;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1103;&#1090;&#1072;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1080;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1099;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1074;&#1082;&#1072;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1099;&#1085;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1080;&#1085;&#1080;&#1081;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1076;&#1072;&#1090;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1076;&#1103;&#1076;&#1103;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1099;&#1083;&#1100;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1080;&#1083;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1083;&#1091;&#1082;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1083;&#1102;&#1082;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1086;&#1083;&#1075;&#1072;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1083;&#1100;&#1075;&#1072;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1088;&#1099;&#1089;&#1100;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1088;&#1080;&#1089;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1072;&#1088;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1094;&#1072;&#1088;&#1100;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1100;&#1082;&#1086;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1073;&#1088;&#1072;&#1090;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1073;&#1088;&#1072;&#1090;&#1100;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1086;&#1089;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1105;&#1089;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1044;&#1086;&#1085;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1076;&#1077;&#1085;&#1100;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1072;&#1092;&#1077;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1060;&#1077;&#1076;&#1103;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1101;&#1088;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1077;&#1088;&#1072;</em></span></td><td align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1099;</em></span> - <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1080;&#1075;&#1088;</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s03.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch01.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="ch01s05.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Russian phonetics&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;Spelling and pronunciation</td></tr></table></div></body></html>