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  1. <html><head>
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  2.       <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
    3. 

  3.    <title xmlns:ng="http://docbook.org/docbook-ng">&#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1103; &#1080; &#1082;&#1072;&#1088;&#1090;&#1072; &#1084;&#1080;&#1088;&#1072;.</title><meta xmlns:ng="http://docbook.org/docbook-ng" name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.2"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The RUSSIAN Fast Course"><link rel="up" href="ch02.html" title="Chapter&nbsp;2.&nbsp;Lesson 2"><link rel="prev" href="ch02.html" title="Chapter&nbsp;2.&nbsp;Lesson 2"><link rel="next" href="ch03.html" title="Chapter&nbsp;3.&nbsp;Lesson 3"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1103; &#1080; &#1082;&#1072;&#1088;&#1090;&#1072; &#1084;&#1080;&#1088;&#1072;</em></span>.</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch02.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter&nbsp;2.&nbsp;Lesson 2</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="ch03.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="d5e4417"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1103; &#1080; &#1082;&#1072;&#1088;&#1090;&#1072; &#1084;&#1080;&#1088;&#1072;</em></span>.</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e4420"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;1.</h3></div></div></div><p>Russia shares common borders with 14 different countries. They are listed here for you
    4. 

  4.         to read in Russian. After reading this list, see if you can find them on a map. Which of
    5. 

  5.         these are former republics of the Soviet Union?</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1053;&#1086;&#1088;&#1074;&#1077;&#1075;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1083;&#1100;&#1096;&#1072;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1072;&#1079;&#1072;&#1093;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1060;&#1080;&#1085;&#1083;&#1103;&#1085;&#1076;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1041;&#1077;&#1083;&#1086;&#1088;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1080;&#1090;&#1072;&#1081;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1069;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1082;&#1088;&#1072;&#1080;&#1085;&#1072;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1086;&#1085;&#1075;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1051;&#1072;&#1090;&#1074;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1088;&#1091;&#1079;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1057;&#1077;&#1074;&#1077;&#1088;&#1085;&#1072;&#1103; &#1050;&#1086;&#1088;&#1077;&#1103;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1051;&#1080;&#1090;&#1074;&#1072;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1079;&#1077;&#1088;&#1073;&#1072;&#1081;&#1076;&#1078;&#1072;&#1085;</em></span></td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>Russia also borders on several large bodies of water. They are listed below:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"><col class="c2"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1041;&#1072;&#1083;&#1090;&#1080;&#1081;&#1089;&#1082;&#1086;&#1077; &#1084;&#1086;&#1088;&#1077;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1057;&#1077;&#1074;&#1077;&#1088;&#1085;&#1099;&#1081; &#1051;&#1077;&#1076;&#1086;&#1074;&#1080;&#1090;&#1099;&#1081; &#1086;&#1082;&#1077;&#1072;&#1085;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1060;&#1080;&#1085;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;&#1081; &#1079;&#1072;&#1083;&#1080;&#1074;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1080;&#1093;&#1080;&#1081; &#1086;&#1082;&#1077;&#1072;&#1085;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1063;&#1105;&#1088;&#1085;&#1086;&#1077; &#1084;&#1086;&#1088;&#1077;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1071;&#1087;&#1086;&#1085;&#1089;&#1082;&#1086;&#1077; &#1084;&#1086;&#1088;&#1077;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1079;&#1086;&#1074;&#1089;&#1082;&#1086;&#1077; &#1084;&#1086;&#1088;&#1077;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1093;&#1086;&#1090;&#1089;&#1082;&#1086;&#1077; &#1084;&#1086;&#1088;&#1077;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1072;&#1089;&#1087;&#1080;&#1081;&#1089;&#1082;&#1086;&#1077; &#1084;&#1086;&#1088;&#1077;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1041;&#1077;&#1088;&#1080;&#1085;&#1075;&#1086;&#1074;&#1086; &#1084;&#1086;&#1088;&#1077;</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e4492"></a>&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077; &#8470;2.</h3></div></div></div><p>Using the compass points below, tell your instructor where the 14 nations andthe bodies
    6. 

  6.         of water are located:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>in the north</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1072; &#1089;&#1077;&#1074;&#1077;&#1088;&#1077;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td>in the south</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1072; &#1102;&#1075;&#1077;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td>in the west</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1072; &#1079;&#1072;&#1087;&#1072;&#1076;&#1077;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td>in the east</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1072; &#1074;&#1086;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1082;&#1077;</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../../Images/FsiRussianFast-Lessons2-5-2.png" align="middle"></div><p>Russia is divided into a number of distinct areas, based on the geographic features of
    7. 

  7.         each region. Some of the most common of these are:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1062;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;&#1088;&#1072;&#1083;&#1100;&#1085;&#1099;&#1081; &#1088;&#1072;&#1081;&#1086;&#1085;</em></span></td><td>Central (region) Russia</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1088;&#1072;&#1083;</em></span></td><td>Ural Mountains</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1074;&#1086;&#1083;&#1078;&#1100;&#1077;</em></span></td><td>Volga River Valley</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1057;&#1080;&#1073;&#1080;&#1088;&#1100;</em></span></td><td>Siberia</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1044;&#1072;&#1083;&#1100;&#1085;&#1080;&#1081; &#1042;&#1086;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1082;</em></span></td><td>Far East</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>The following cities are located in these geographic areas:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"><col class="c2"><col class="c3"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1086;&#1089;&#1082;&#1074;&#1072; &#1074; &#1062;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;&#1088;&#1072;&#1083;&#1100;&#1085;&#1086;&#1084;
    8. 

  8.                 &#1088;&#1072;&#1081;&#1086;&#1085;&#1077;.</em></span></td><td>Moscow is in Central Russia.</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1045;&#1082;&#1072;&#1090;&#1077;&#1088;&#1080;&#1085;&#1073;&#1091;&#1088;&#1075; &#1085;&#1072; &#1059;&#1088;&#1072;&#1083;&#1077;</em></span></td><td>Yekaterinburg is in the Urals.</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1086;&#1083;&#1075;&#1086;&#1075;&#1088;&#1072;&#1076; &#1074; &#1055;&#1086;&#1074;&#1086;&#1083;&#1078;&#1100;&#1077;.</em></span></td><td>Volgograd is in the Volga River Valley.</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1053;&#1086;&#1074;&#1086;&#1089;&#1080;&#1073;&#1080;&#1088;&#1089;&#1082; &#1074; &#1057;&#1080;&#1073;&#1080;&#1088;&#1080;.</em></span></td><td>Novosibirsk is in Siberia.</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1083;&#1072;&#1076;&#1080;&#1074;&#1086;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1082; &#1085;&#1072; &#1044;&#1072;&#1083;&#1100;&#1085;&#1077;&#1084;
    9. 

  9.                 &#1042;&#1086;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1082;&#1077;.</em></span></td><td>Vladivostok is in the Far East.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>See if you can locate these cities on the map shown here.</p><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><table border="0" summary="manufactured viewport for HTML img" style="cellpadding: 0; cellspacing: 0;" width="531"><tr><td align="center"><img src="../../Images/FsiRussianFast-Lessons2-5-3.png" align="middle" width="531"></td></tr></table></div><p>After August 1991, the names of many Russian cities were changed:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Present</th><th>Former</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1057;&#1072;&#1085;&#1082;&#1090;-&#1055;&#1077;&#1090;&#1077;&#1088;&#1073;&#1091;&#1088;&#1075;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1051;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1085;&#1075;&#1088;&#1072;&#1076;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1053;&#1080;&#1078;&#1085;&#1080;&#1081; &#1053;&#1086;&#1074;&#1075;&#1086;&#1088;&#1086;&#1076;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1086;&#1088;&#1100;&#1082;&#1080;&#1081;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1045;&#1082;&#1072;&#1090;&#1077;&#1088;&#1080;&#1085;&#1073;&#1091;&#1088;&#1075;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1057;&#1074;&#1077;&#1088;&#1076;&#1083;&#1086;&#1074;&#1089;&#1082;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1074;&#1077;&#1088;&#1100;</em></span></td><td>&#1050;&#1072;&#1083;&#1080;&#1085;&#1080;&#1085;</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1057;&#1077;&#1088;&#1075;&#1080;&#1077;&#1074; &#1055;&#1086;&#1089;&#1072;&#1076;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1047;&#1072;&#1075;&#1086;&#769;&#1088;&#1089;&#1082;</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>The same is true of numerous locations and landmarks in Moscow and other Russian
    10. 

  10.           cities:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"><col class="c2"></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Present</th><th>Former</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1074;&#1077;&#1088;&#1089;&#1082;&#1072;&#1103;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1091;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1043;&#1086;&#1088;&#1100;&#1082;&#1086;&#1075;&#1086;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1053;&#1086;&#1074;&#1080;&#1085;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;&#1081; &#1073;&#1091;&#1083;&#1100;&#1074;&#1072;&#1088;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1091;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1063;&#1072;&#1081;&#1082;&#1086;&#1074;&#1089;&#1082;&#1086;&#1075;&#1086;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1077;&#1072;&#1090;&#1088;&#1072;&#1083;&#1100;&#1085;&#1072;&#1103; &#1087;&#1083;&#1086;&#1097;&#1072;&#1076;&#1100;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1083;&#1086;&#1097;&#1072;&#1076;&#1100; &#1057;&#1074;&#1077;&#1088;&#1076;&#1083;&#1086;&#1074;&#1072;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1051;&#1091;&#1073;&#1103;&#1085;&#1089;&#1082;&#1072;&#1103; &#1087;&#1083;&#1086;&#1097;&#1072;&#1076;&#1100;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1083;&#1086;&#1097;&#1072;&#1076;&#1100; &#1044;&#1079;&#1077;&#1088;&#1078;&#1080;&#1085;&#1089;&#1082;&#1086;&#1075;&#1086;</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077;&#1078;&#1085;&#1072;&#1103; &#1087;&#1083;&#1086;&#1097;&#1072;&#1076;&#1100;</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1083;&#1086;&#1097;&#1072;&#1076;&#1100; 50-&#1083;&#1077;&#1090;&#1080;&#1103; &#1054;&#1082;&#1090;&#1103;&#1073;&#1088;&#1103;</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>But "Red Square" is still Red Square!</p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1088;&#1072;&#1089;&#1085;&#1072;&#1103;
    11. 

  11.           &#1087;&#1083;&#1086;&#1097;&#1072;&#1076;&#1100;</em></span></strong></span> has been called <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1088;&#1072;&#1089;&#1085;&#1072;&#1103;</em></span></strong></span> (red) since the second half of the 17th
    12. 

  12.         century. The square was constructed towards the end of the 15th century (around the time of
    13. 

  13.         Columbus' discovery of America) when Tsar Ivan the Great <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1048;&#1074;&#1072;&#1085; &#1042;&#1077;&#1083;&#1080;&#1082;&#1080;&#1081;</em></span></strong></span> was building the
    14. 

  14.         magnificent cathedrals of the Kremlin <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1088;&#1077;&#1084;&#1083;&#1100;</em></span></strong></span>, that walled fortress which was the heart of the
    15. 

  15.         city's defenses. Every major city in Russia would have had a kremlin, but the Moscow one is
    16. 

  16.         by far the most famous.</p><p>The square was first called <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1086;&#1088;&#1075;</em></span></strong></span> (Trading Place) and was the site for some very lively
    17. 

  17.         commerce. Later, in the 16th century, it became known as<span class="bold"><strong>
    18. 

  18.           <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1088;&#1086;&#1080;&#1094;&#1082;&#1072;&#1103;</em></span></strong></span> (Trinity Square) in honor
    19. 

  19.         of the Trinity Cathedral which stood at the southern end of the square. In 1571 the square
    20. 

  20.         was renamed <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1078;&#1072;&#1088;</em></span></strong></span> (The Fire) after the great fire of that year. Finally,
    21. 

  21.         the square was named <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1088;&#1072;&#1089;&#1085;&#1072;&#1103;</em></span></strong></span> when it was cleared of all the trading stalls at the
    22. 

  22.         end of the 17th century. At that time the word <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1088;&#1072;&#1089;&#1085;&#1099;&#1081;</em></span>
    23. 

  23.         </strong></span>(red) meant <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1088;&#1072;&#1089;&#1080;&#1074;&#1099;&#1081;</em></span></strong></span> (beautiful), and had nothing to do with the red
    24. 

  24.         brick of the Kremlin wall which runs along one of its sides.</p><div class="mediaobject"><table border="0" summary="manufactured viewport for HTML img" style="cellpadding: 0; cellspacing: 0;" width="461"><tr><td><img src="../../Images/FsiRussianFast-Lessons2-5-4.png" width="461"></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e4671"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;3.</h3></div></div></div><p>Listen to the sentences your instructor will read aloud and write down in English any
    25. 

  25.         place names you recognize</p><p>1. ____________________</p><p>2. ____________________</p><p>3. ____________________</p><p>4. ____________________</p><p>5. ____________________</p><p>6. ____________________</p><p>7. ____________________</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e4682"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;4.</h3></div></div></div><p>Listen to the statements your instructor will read aloud and indicate whether they are
    26. 

  26.         true (T) or false (F)</p><div class="informaltable"><table frame="void"><col width="33%"><col width="33%"><col width="33%"><tbody><tr>
    27. 

  27.               <td>1. ____________________</td>
    28. 

  28. 

  29.               <td>4. ____________________</td>
    30. 

  30. 

  31.               <td>7. ____________________</td>
    32. 

  32.             </tr><tr>
    33. 

  33.               <td>2. ____________________</td>
    34. 

  34. 

  35.               <td>5. ____________________</td>
    36. 

  36. 

  37.               <td></td>
    38. 

  38.             </tr><tr>
    39. 

  39.               <td>3. ____________________</td>
    40. 

  40. 

  41.               <td>6. ____________________</td>
    42. 

  42. 

  43.               <td></td>
    44. 

  44.             </tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e4703"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;5.</h3></div></div></div><p>Practice writing place names in Russian as your instructor reads them aloud. He/she will
    45. 

  45.         read each one twice and then will write them on the board so that you can check your
    46. 

  46.         work.</p><p>1. ____________________</p><p>2. ____________________</p><p>3.. ____________________</p><p>4. ____________________</p><p>5. ____________________</p><p>6. ____________________</p><p>7. ____________________</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e4714"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;6.</h3></div></div></div><p>Answer the following questions according to the model.</p><div class="informaltable"><table width="100%"><col width="4cm"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top">
    47. 

  47.           <td>Instructor:</td>
    48. 

  48. 

  49.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1086;&#1089;&#1082;&#1074;&#1072; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072;
    50. 

  50.               &#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1080;</em></span>?</td>
    51. 

  51.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    52. 

  52.           <td>Student:</td>
    53. 

  53. 

  54.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1044;&#1072;, &#1052;&#1086;&#1089;&#1082;&#1074;&#1072; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072;
    55. 

  55.               &#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span></td>
    56. 

  56.         </tr></table></div><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1089;&#1083;&#1086; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1053;&#1086;&#1088;&#1074;&#1077;&#1075;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1061;&#1077;&#1083;&#1100;&#1089;&#1080;&#1085;&#1082;&#1080; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1060;&#1080;&#1085;&#1083;&#1103;&#1085;&#1076;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1072;&#1088;&#1080;&#1078; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1060;&#1088;&#1072;&#1085;&#1094;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1041;&#1086;&#1085;&#1085; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1043;&#1077;&#1088;&#1084;&#1072;&#1085;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1072;&#1088;&#1096;&#1072;&#1074;&#1072; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1055;&#1086;&#1083;&#1100;&#1096;&#1080;</em></span>?</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1090;&#1090;&#1072;&#1074;&#1072; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1050;&#1072;&#1085;&#1072;&#1076;&#1099;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1072;&#1096;&#1080;&#1085;&#1075;&#1090;&#1086;&#1085; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1040;&#1084;&#1077;&#1088;&#1080;&#1082;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1051;&#1086;&#1085;&#1076;&#1086;&#1085; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1040;&#1085;&#1075;&#1083;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1072;&#1076;&#1088;&#1080;&#1076; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1048;&#1089;&#1087;&#1072;&#1085;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1056;&#1080;&#1084; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1048;&#1090;&#1072;&#1083;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e4760"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;7.</h3></div></div></div><p>Answer the questions truthfully, according to the models:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"><col class="c2"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>Instructor:</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1072;&#1088;&#1080;&#1078; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1060;&#1088;&#1072;&#1085;&#1094;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></td></tr><tr><td>Student:</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1044;&#1072;, &#1055;&#1072;&#1088;&#1080;&#1078; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072;
    57. 

  57.                 &#1060;&#1088;&#1072;&#1085;&#1094;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td>Instructor:</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1085;&#1082;&#1072;&#1088;&#1072; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1048;&#1085;&#1076;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></td></tr><tr><td>Student:</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1053;&#1077;&#1090;, &#1053;&#1086;&#1074;&#1099;&#1081; &#1044;&#1077;&#1083;&#1080; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072;
    58. 

  58.                 &#1048;&#1085;&#1076;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1086;&#1082;&#1080;&#1086; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1050;&#1080;&#1090;&#1072;&#1103;?</em></span> (<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1077;&#1082;&#1080;&#1085;</em></span>)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1072;&#1085;&#1080;&#1083;&#1072; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1060;&#1080;&#1083;&#1080;&#1087;&#1087;&#1080;&#1085;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1072;&#1076;&#1088;&#1072;&#1089; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1048;&#1085;&#1076;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span> (<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1053;&#1086;&#1074;&#1099;&#1081; &#1044;&#1077;&#1083;&#1080;</em></span>)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1085;&#1082;&#1072;&#1088;&#1072; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1048;&#1088;&#1072;&#1085;&#1072;?</em></span> (<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1077;&#1075;&#1077;&#1088;&#1072;&#1085;</em></span>)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1051;&#1086;&#1085;&#1076;&#1086;&#1085; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1040;&#1085;&#1075;&#1083;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1057;&#1090;&#1086;&#1082;&#1075;&#1086;&#1083;&#1100;&#1084; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1064;&#1074;&#1077;&#1094;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1092;&#1080;&#1085;&#1099; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1043;&#1088;&#1077;&#1094;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1072;&#1085;&#1073;&#1077;&#1088;&#1088;&#1072; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1040;&#1074;&#1089;&#1090;&#1088;&#1080;&#1080;?
    59. 

  59.               </em></span>(<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1077;&#1085;&#1072;</em></span>)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1072;&#1080;&#1088; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1045;&#1075;&#1080;&#1087;&#1090;&#1072;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1076;&#1076;&#1080;&#1089;-&#1040;&#1073;&#1077;&#1073;&#1072; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1069;&#1092;&#1080;&#1086;&#1087;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1077;&#1083;&#1100;-&#1040;&#1074;&#1080;&#1074; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1048;&#1079;&#1088;&#1072;&#1080;&#1083;&#1103;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>&#1056;<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1080;&#1084; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1048;&#1090;&#1072;&#1087;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1072;&#1076;&#1088;&#1080;&#1076; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1055;&#1086;&#1088;&#1090;&#1091;&#1075;&#1072;&#1083;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span>
    60. 

  60.               (<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1051;&#1080;&#1089;&#1089;&#1072;&#1073;&#1086;&#1085;</em></span>)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1072;&#1074;&#1072;&#1085;&#1072; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1050;&#1091;&#1073;&#1099;?</em></span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e4833"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;8: <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1072;&#1082;&#1086;&#1081;</em></span>?</h3></div></div></div><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1072;&#1082;&#1086;&#1081;</em></span>? is the question word which asks:
    61. 

  61.         "Which?". Listen carefully as your instructor asks:</p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1072;&#1082;&#1086;&#1081; &#1075;&#1086;&#1088;&#1086;&#1076; &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072;
    62. 

  62.             &#1040;&#1085;&#1075;&#1083;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></strong></span></p><p>Which city is the capital of England?</p><p>You'll answer:</p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1051;&#1086;&#1085;&#1076;&#1086;&#1085;</em></span>.</strong></span></p><p>Continue, using the cities and countries given in Exercise 7. See how many you might be
    63. 

  63.         able to add on your own.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e4848"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;9: &#1095;&#1090;&#1086; &#1101;&#1090;&#1086;?</h3></div></div></div><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1063;&#1090;&#1086; &#1101;&#1090;&#1086;?</em></span></strong></span>
    64. 

  64.         asks "What is this? What is that?" When answering, you'll begin your answer with
    65. 

  65.           <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>&#1069;&#1090;&#1086;</strong></span></em></span>... This
    66. 

  66.         is/That is...</p><p>Now your instructor will point to various cities on the map and will ask:</p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1063;&#1090;&#1086; &#1101;&#1090;&#1086;?</em></span></strong></span>
    67. 

  67.         What is this? (pointing to Moscow)</p><p>You'll answer by naming the city, using this model:</p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>&#1069;&#1090;&#1086;
    68. 

  68.           &#1052;&#1086;&#1089;&#1082;&#1074;&#1072;</strong></span>.</em></span> That is Moscow.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e4864"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;10:<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"> &#1075;&#1076;&#1077;?</em></span>
    69. 

  69.         <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1086;&#1090;</em></span>.</h3></div></div></div><p>Answer the following questions substituting the appropriate pronoun for the noun.</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>Instructor</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1052;&#1086;&#1089;&#1082;&#1074;&#1072;?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1051;&#1086;&#1085;&#1076;&#1086;&#1085;?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1063;&#1105;&#1088;&#1085;&#1086;&#1077; &#1084;&#1086;&#1088;&#1077;?</em></span></td></tr><tr><td>Student</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1086;&#1090; &#1086;&#1085;&#1072;.</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1086;&#1090; &#1086;&#1085;.</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1086;&#1090; &#1086;&#1085;&#1086;.</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" frame="void" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top">
    70. 

  70.           <td><span class="bold"><strong>A.</strong></span></td>
    71. 

  71. 

  72.           <td><span class="bold"><strong>&#1042;.</strong></span></td>
    73. 

  73.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    74. 

  74.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1051;&#1086;&#1085;&#1076;&#1086;&#1085;?</em></span></td>
    75. 

  75. 

  76.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1055;&#1088;&#1072;&#1075;&#1072;?</em></span></td>
    77. 

  77.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    78. 

  78.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1055;&#1072;&#1088;&#1080;&#1078;?</em></span></td>
    79. 

  79. 

  80.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1058;&#1080;&#1088;&#1072;&#1085;&#1072;?</em></span></td>
    81. 

  81.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    82. 

  82.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077;
    83. 

  83.               &#1057;&#1072;&#1085;&#1082;&#1090;-&#1055;&#1077;&#1090;&#1077;&#1088;&#1073;&#1091;&#1088;&#1075;?</em></span></td>
    84. 

  84. 

  85.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1052;&#1086;&#1089;&#1082;&#1074;&#1072;?</em></span></td>
    86. 

  86.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    87. 

  87.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1041;&#1077;&#1088;&#1083;&#1080;&#1085;?</em></span></td>
    88. 

  88. 

  89.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1057;&#1086;&#1092;&#1080;&#1103;?</em></span></td>
    90. 

  90.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    91. 

  91.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1052;&#1072;&#1076;&#1088;&#1080;&#1076;?</em></span></td>
    92. 

  92. 

  93.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1042;&#1072;&#1088;&#1096;&#1072;&#1074;&#1072;?</em></span></td>
    94. 

  94.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    95. 

  95.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1056;&#1080;&#1084;?</em></span></td>
    96. 

  96. 

  97.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1042;&#1077;&#1085;&#1072;?</em></span></td>
    98. 

  98.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    99. 

  99.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077;
    100. 

  100.             &#1042;&#1072;&#1096;&#1080;&#1085;&#1075;&#1090;&#1086;&#1085;?</em></span></td>
    101. 

  101. 

  102.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077;
    103. 

  103.             &#1041;&#1088;&#1072;&#1090;&#1080;&#1089;&#1083;&#1072;&#1074;&#1072;?</em></span></td>
    104. 

  104.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    105. 

  105.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1075;&#1086;&#1088;&#1086;&#1076;
    106. 

  106.             &#1058;&#1086;&#1082;&#1080;&#1086;?</em></span></td>
    107. 

  107. 

  108.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1071;&#1083;&#1090;&#1072;?</em></span></td>
    109. 

  109.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    110. 

  110.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1075;&#1086;&#1088;&#1086;&#1076;
    111. 

  111.             &#1054;&#1089;&#1083;&#1086;?</em></span></td>
    112. 

  112. 

  113.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1043;&#1072;&#1072;&#1075;&#1072;?</em></span></td>
    114. 

  114.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    115. 

  115.           <td><span class="bold"><strong>&#1057;.</strong></span></td>
    116. 

  116. 

  117.           <td><span class="bold"><strong>D.</strong></span></td>
    118. 

  118.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    119. 

  119.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1103;?</em></span></td>
    120. 

  120. 

  121.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1050;&#1072;&#1089;&#1087;&#1080;&#1081;&#1089;&#1082;&#1086;&#1077;
    122. 

  122.               &#1084;&#1086;&#1088;&#1077;?</em></span></td>
    123. 

  123.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    124. 

  124.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1050;&#1072;&#1085;&#1072;&#1076;&#1072;?</em></span></td>
    125. 

  125. 

  126.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1063;&#1105;&#1088;&#1085;&#1086;&#1077;
    127. 

  127.             &#1084;&#1086;&#1088;&#1077;?</em></span></td>
    128. 

  128.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    129. 

  129.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1071;&#1087;&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;&#1103;?</em></span></td>
    130. 

  130. 

  131.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1086;&#1079;&#1077;&#1088;&#1086;
    132. 

  132.             &#1041;&#1072;&#1081;&#1082;&#1072;&#1083;?</em></span></td>
    133. 

  133.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    134. 

  134.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1069;&#1092;&#1080;&#1086;&#1087;&#1080;&#1103;?</em></span></td>
    135. 

  135. 

  136.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1041;&#1072;&#1083;&#1090;&#1080;&#1081;&#1089;&#1082;&#1086;&#1077;
    137. 

  137.               &#1084;&#1086;&#1088;&#1077;?</em></span></td>
    138. 

  138.         </tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e4967"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;11.</h3></div></div></div><p>Take a look at the following advertisements. Pick out all words which are familiar to
    139. 

  139.         you. Any guesses as to what the ads are all about? Ask your instructor if you need
    140. 

  140.         help.</p><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><table border="0" summary="manufactured viewport for HTML img" style="cellpadding: 0; cellspacing: 0;" width="602"><tr><td align="center"><img src="../../Images/FsiRussianFast-Lessons2-5-5.png" align="middle" width="602"></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e4974"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;12.</h3></div></div></div><p></p><p>Your instructor wants you to show where various places are on the map. He/she will ask
    141. 

  141.         you:</p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077;</em></span>...</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1042;&#1086;&#1083;&#1075;&#1091;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1057;&#1080;&#1073;&#1080;&#1088;&#1100;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1058;&#1080;&#1093;&#1080;&#1081; &#1086;&#1082;&#1077;&#1072;&#1085;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1060;&#1080;&#1085;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;&#1081; &#1079;&#1072;&#1083;&#1080;&#1074;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1050;&#1072;&#1089;&#1087;&#1080;&#1081;&#1089;&#1082;&#1086;&#1077; &#1084;&#1086;&#1088;&#1077;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1057;&#1077;&#1074;&#1077;&#1088;&#1085;&#1099;&#1081; &#1051;&#1077;&#1076;&#1086;&#1074;&#1080;&#1090;&#1099;&#1081;
    142. 

  142.             &#1086;&#1082;&#1077;&#1072;&#1085;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1063;&#1105;&#1088;&#1085;&#1086;&#1077; &#1084;&#1086;&#1088;&#1077;.</em></span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e5003"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;13.</h3></div></div></div><p>Read through this list of Russian cities and sort them according to the regions</p><p>in the table below. Use the map, or ask your instructor for help.</p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1048;&#1088;&#1082;&#1091;&#1090;&#1089;&#1082;</em></span>, &#1042;&#1083;&#1072;&#1076;&#1080;&#1074;&#1086;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1082;, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1061;&#1072;&#1073;&#1072;&#1088;&#1086;&#1074;&#1089;&#1082;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1077;&#1088;&#1084;&#1100;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1057;&#1072;&#1084;&#1072;&#1088;&#1072;</em></span>,
    143. 

  143.           <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1063;&#1077;&#1083;&#1103;&#1073;&#1080;&#1085;&#1089;&#1082;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1086;&#1089;&#1082;&#1074;&#1072;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1053;&#1086;&#1074;&#1075;&#1086;&#1088;&#1086;&#1076;</em></span>,
    144. 

  144.           <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1045;&#1082;&#1072;&#1090;&#1077;&#1088;&#1080;&#1085;&#1073;&#1091;&#1088;&#1075;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1077;&#1090;&#1088;&#1086;&#1087;&#1072;&#1074;&#1083;&#1086;&#1074;&#1089;&#1082;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1088;&#1077;&#1085;&#1073;&#1091;&#1088;&#1075;</em></span>,
    145. 

  145.           <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1074;&#1077;&#1088;&#1100;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1088;&#1072;&#1089;&#1085;&#1086;&#1103;&#1088;&#1089;&#1082;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1086;&#1089;&#1090;&#1088;&#1086;&#1084;&#1072;</em></span>,
    146. 

  146.           <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1053;&#1086;&#1074;&#1086;&#1089;&#1080;&#1073;&#1080;&#1088;&#1089;&#1082;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1083;&#1072;&#1076;&#1080;&#1084;&#1080;&#1088;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1057;&#1072;&#1088;&#1072;&#1090;&#1086;&#1074;</em></span>,
    147. 

  147.           <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1071;&#1088;&#1086;&#1089;&#1083;&#1072;&#1074;&#1083;&#1100;</em></span>.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1" frame="box" width="100%"><col width="30%"><col width="70%"><tr valign="top">
    148. 

  148.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1057;&#1080;&#1073;&#1080;&#1088;&#1100;</em></span></td>
    149. 

  149. 

  150.           <td></td>
    151. 

  151.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    152. 

  152.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1044;&#1072;&#1083;&#1100;&#1085;&#1080;&#1081;
    153. 

  153.             &#1042;&#1086;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1082;</em></span></td>
    154. 

  154. 

  155.           <td></td>
    156. 

  156.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    157. 

  157.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1074;&#1086;&#1083;&#1078;&#1100;&#1077;</em></span></td>
    158. 

  158. 

  159.           <td></td>
    160. 

  160.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    161. 

  161.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1088;&#1072;&#1083;</em></span></td>
    162. 

  162. 

  163.           <td></td>
    164. 

  164.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    165. 

  165.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1062;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;&#1088;&#1072;&#1083;&#1100;&#1085;&#1099;&#1081;
    166. 

  166.             &#1088;&#1072;&#1081;&#1086;&#1085;</em></span></td>
    167. 

  167. 

  168.           <td></td>
    169. 

  169.         </tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e5049"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1083;&#1080;&#1084;&#1072;&#1090; &#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1080;. &#1055;&#1086;&#1075;&#1086;&#1076;&#1072;.</em></span></h3></div></div></div><p></p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1103; &#1073;&#1086;&#1083;&#1100;&#1096;&#1072;&#1103; &#1089;&#1090;&#1088;&#1072;&#1085;&#1072;.</em></span></td><td>Russia is a large country.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1083;&#1080;&#1084;&#1072;&#1090; &#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1080; &#1088;&#1072;&#1079;&#1085;&#1086;&#1086;&#1073;&#1088;&#1072;&#1079;&#1085;&#1099;&#1081;:&#1085;&#1072; &#1050;&#1088;&#1072;&#1081;&#1085;&#1077;&#1084; &#1057;&#1077;&#1074;&#1077;&#1088;&#1077; -
    170. 

  170.                   &#1072;&#1088;&#1082;&#1090;&#1080;&#1095;&#1077;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;&#1081;.</em></span></td><td>The climate of Russia is varied:in the Far North - arctic.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1053;&#1072; &#1102;&#1075;&#1077;, &#1074; &#1057;&#1086;&#1095;&#1080;
    171. 

  171.                 -&#1089;&#1091;&#1073;&#1090;&#1088;&#1086;&#1087;&#1080;&#1095;&#1077;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;&#1081;.</em></span></td><td>In the south, in Sochi - subtropical.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1077;&#1074;&#1088;&#1086;&#1087;&#1077;&#1081;&#1089;&#1082;&#1086;&#1081; &#1095;&#1072;&#1089;&#1090;&#1080; &#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1080;&#1080; &#1074; &#1057;&#1080;&#1073;&#1080;&#1088;&#1080; &#1082;&#1083;&#1080;&#1084;&#1072;&#1090;
    172. 

  172.                   &#1091;&#1084;&#1077;&#1088;&#1077;&#1085;&#1085;&#1099;&#1081;, &#1082;&#1086;&#1085;&#1090;&#1080;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;&#1072;&#1083;&#1100;&#1085;&#1099;&#1081;.</em></span></td><td>In the European part of Russia and in Siberia the climate is moderate,
    173. 

  173.                 continental.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1053;&#1072; &#1079;&#1072;&#1087;&#1072;&#1076;&#1077; - &#1084;&#1103;&#1075;&#1082;&#1080;&#1081;,&#1085;&#1072; &#1074;&#1086;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1082;&#1077; &#1080; &#1089;&#1077;&#1074;&#1077;&#1088;&#1086;-&#1074;&#1086;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1082;&#1077;
    174. 

  174.                   -&#1086;&#1095;&#1077;&#1085;&#1100; &#1093;&#1086;&#1083;&#1086;&#1076;&#1085;&#1099;&#1081; &#1080; &#1089;&#1091;&#1088;&#1086;&#1074;&#1099;&#1081;.</em></span></td><td>In the west it is mild and in the east and northeast - very cold and
    175. 

  175.                 severe.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1053;&#1072; &#1044;&#1072;&#1083;&#1100;&#1085;&#1077;&#1084; &#1042;&#1086;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1082;&#1077; &#1082;&#1083;&#1080;&#1084;&#1072;&#1090;
    176. 

  176.                 &#1084;&#1086;&#1088;&#1089;&#1082;&#1086;&#1081;.</em></span></td><td>In the Far East the climate is maritime.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e5080"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;14.</h3></div></div></div><p>Examine the weather forecasts below and:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>a. read the names of the cities and the legend (explanation of symbols).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>b. tell where it is sunny <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1086;&#1083;&#1085;&#1077;&#1095;&#1085;&#1086;</em></span></strong></span>, overcast <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1073;&#1083;&#1072;&#1095;&#1085;&#1086;</em></span></strong></span>, raining <span class="bold"><strong>
    177. 

  177.               <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1076;&#1086;&#1078;&#1076;&#1100;</em></span></strong></span> or snowing <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1085;&#1077;&#1075;</em></span></strong></span>.</p></li></ul></div><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../../Images/FsiRussianFast-Lessons2-5-6.png" align="middle"></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e5100"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1103; &#1080; &#1041;&#1083;&#1080;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1077; &#1047;&#1072;&#1088;&#1091;&#1073;&#1077;&#1078;&#1100;&#1077;.</em></span> Russia and the
    178. 

  178.         Newly Independent States of Eurasia</h3></div></div></div><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"><col class="c2"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1086;&#1089;&#1082;&#1074;&#1072; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span>
    179. 

  179.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1088;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;&#1077;.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1082;&#1088;&#1072;&#1080;&#1085;&#1072;</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1080;&#1077;&#1074; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1059;&#1082;&#1088;&#1072;&#1080;&#1085;&#1099;.</em></span>
    180. 

  180.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1059;&#1082;&#1088;&#1072;&#1080;&#1085;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1091;&#1082;&#1088;&#1072;&#1080;&#1085;&#1094;&#1099;.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1051;&#1072;&#1090;&#1074;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1056;&#1080;&#1075;&#1072; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1051;&#1072;&#1090;&#1074;&#1080;&#1080;. </em></span>
    181. 

  181.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1051;&#1072;&#1090;&#1074;&#1080;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1083;&#1072;&#1090;&#1099;&#1096;&#1080;</em></span>.</td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1051;&#1080;&#1090;&#1074;&#1072;</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1080;&#1083;&#1100;&#1085;&#1102;&#1089; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1051;&#1080;&#1090;&#1074;&#1099;.</em></span>
    182. 

  182.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1051;&#1080;&#1090;&#1074;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1083;&#1080;&#1090;&#1086;&#1074;&#1094;&#1099;.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1069;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1072;&#1083;&#1083;&#1080;&#1085; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1069;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span>
    183. 

  183.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1069;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1101;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1085;&#1094;&#1099;.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1086;&#1083;&#1076;&#1072;&#1074;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1080;&#1096;&#1080;&#1085;&#1105;&#1074; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1052;&#1086;&#1083;&#1076;&#1072;&#1074;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span>
    184. 

  184.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1052;&#1086;&#1083;&#1076;&#1072;&#1074;&#1080;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1084;&#1086;&#1083;&#1076;&#1072;&#1074;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077;.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1041;&#1077;&#1083;&#1086;&#1088;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1080;&#1085;&#1089;&#1082; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1041;&#1077;&#1083;&#1086;&#1088;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span>
    185. 

  185.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"> &#1042; &#1041;&#1077;&#1083;&#1086;&#1088;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1073;&#1077;&#1083;&#1086;&#1088;&#1091;&#1089;&#1099;.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1088;&#1091;&#1079;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1073;&#1080;&#1083;&#1080;&#1089;&#1080; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1043;&#1088;&#1091;&#1079;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span>
    186. 

  186.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1043;&#1088;&#1091;&#1079;&#1080;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1075;&#1088;&#1091;&#1079;&#1080;&#1085;&#1099;.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1088;&#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1045;&#1088;&#1077;&#1074;&#1072;&#1085; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1040;&#1088;&#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span>
    187. 

  187.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1040;&#1088;&#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1072;&#1088;&#1084;&#1103;&#1085;&#1077;.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1079;&#1077;&#1088;&#1073;&#1072;&#1081;&#1076;&#1078;&#1072;&#1085;</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1041;&#1072;&#1082;&#1091; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1040;&#1079;&#1077;&#1088;&#1073;&#1072;&#1081;&#1076;&#1078;&#1072;&#1085;&#1072;.</em></span>
    188. 

  188.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1040;&#1079;&#1077;&#1088;&#1073;&#1072;&#1081;&#1076;&#1078;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090;
    189. 

  189.                 &#1072;&#1079;&#1077;&#1088;&#1073;&#1072;&#1081;&#1076;&#1078;&#1072;&#1085;&#1094;&#1099;.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1079;&#1073;&#1077;&#1082;&#1080;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1072;&#1096;&#1082;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1059;&#1079;&#1073;&#1077;&#1082;&#1080;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;&#1072;.</em></span>
    190. 

  190.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1059;&#1079;&#1073;&#1077;&#1082;&#1080;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1091;&#1079;&#1073;&#1077;&#1082;&#1080;.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1072;&#1079;&#1072;&#1093;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1083;&#1084;&#1072;-&#1040;&#1090;&#1072; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1050;&#1072;&#1079;&#1072;&#1093;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;&#1072;. &#1042; &#1050;&#1072;&#1079;&#1072;&#1093;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090;
    191. 

  191.                   &#1082;&#1072;&#1079;&#1072;&#1093;&#1080;.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1091;&#1088;&#1082;&#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1096;&#1093;&#1072;&#1073;&#1072;&#1076; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1058;&#1091;&#1088;&#1082;&#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span>
    192. 

  192.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1058;&#1091;&#1088;&#1082;&#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1090;&#1091;&#1088;&#1082;&#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1099;.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1072;&#1076;&#1078;&#1080;&#1082;&#1080;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1044;&#1091;&#1096;&#1072;&#1085;&#1073;&#1077; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1058;&#1072;&#1076;&#1078;&#1080;&#1082;&#1080;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;&#1072;.</em></span>
    193. 

  193.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1058;&#1072;&#1076;&#1078;&#1080;&#1082;&#1080;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1090;&#1072;&#1076;&#1078;&#1080;&#1082;&#1080;.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1080;&#1088;&#1075;&#1080;&#1079;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1041;&#1080;&#1096;&#1082;&#1077;&#1082; - &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072; &#1050;&#1080;&#1088;&#1075;&#1080;&#1079;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span>
    194. 

  194.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1050;&#1080;&#1088;&#1075;&#1080;&#1079;&#1080;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1082;&#1080;&#1088;&#1075;&#1080;&#1079;&#1099;.</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e5212"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;15.</h3></div></div></div><p>Fill in the blanks, orally.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="1.06*"><col width="1.0*"><tr valign="top">
    195. 

  195.           <td>1. ____________________</td>
    196. 

  196. 

  197.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072;
    198. 

  198.               &#1041;&#1077;&#1083;&#1086;&#1088;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span></td>
    199. 

  199.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    200. 

  200.           <td>2. ____________________</td>
    201. 

  201. 

  202.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072;
    203. 

  203.             &#1043;&#1088;&#1091;&#1079;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span></td>
    204. 

  204.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    205. 

  205.           <td>3. ____________________</td>
    206. 

  206. 

  207.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072;
    208. 

  208.             &#1050;&#1080;&#1088;&#1075;&#1080;&#1079;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span></td>
    209. 

  209.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    210. 

  210.           <td>4. ____________________</td>
    211. 

  211. 

  212.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072;
    213. 

  213.               &#1058;&#1091;&#1088;&#1082;&#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span></td>
    214. 

  214.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    215. 

  215.           <td>5. ____________________</td>
    216. 

  216. 

  217.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072;
    218. 

  218.             &#1051;&#1080;&#1090;&#1074;&#1099;.</em></span></td>
    219. 

  219.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    220. 

  220.           <td>6. ____________________</td>
    221. 

  221. 

  222.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072;
    223. 

  223.             &#1059;&#1082;&#1088;&#1072;&#1080;&#1085;&#1099;.</em></span></td>
    224. 

  224.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    225. 

  225.           <td>7. ____________________</td>
    226. 

  226. 

  227.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072;
    228. 

  228.               &#1059;&#1079;&#1073;&#1077;&#1082;&#1080;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;&#1072;.</em></span></td>
    229. 

  229.         </tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e5247"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;16.</h3></div></div></div><p>Fill in the blanks, orally.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tbody><tr valign="top">
    230. 

  230.             <td>1. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1040;&#1088;&#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1080;
    231. 

  231.                 &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090;</em></span></td>
    232. 

  232. 

  233.             <td>____________________</td>
    234. 

  234.           </tr></tbody><tbody><tr valign="top">
    235. 

  235.             <td align="left">2. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1040;&#1079;&#1077;&#1088;&#1073;&#1072;&#1081;&#1076;&#1078;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077;
    236. 

  236.                 &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090;</em></span></td>
    237. 

  237. 

  238.             <td>____________________</td>
    239. 

  239.           </tr><tr valign="top">
    240. 

  240.             <td>3. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1052;&#1086;&#1083;&#1076;&#1072;&#1074;&#1080;&#1080;
    241. 

  241.                 &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090;</em></span></td>
    242. 

  242. 

  243.             <td>____________________</td>
    244. 

  244.           </tr></tbody><tbody><tr valign="top">
    245. 

  245.             <td>4. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1069;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;&#1080;
    246. 

  246.                 &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090;</em></span></td>
    247. 

  247. 

  248.             <td>____________________</td>
    249. 

  249.           </tr></tbody><tbody><tr valign="top">
    250. 

  250.             <td>5. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1058;&#1072;&#1076;&#1078;&#1080;&#1082;&#1080;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077;
    251. 

  251.                 &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090;</em></span></td>
    252. 

  252. 

  253.             <td>____________________</td>
    254. 

  254.           </tr><tr valign="top">
    255. 

  255.             <td>6. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1050;&#1072;&#1079;&#1072;&#1093;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077;
    256. 

  256.                 &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090;</em></span></td>
    257. 

  257. 

  258.             <td>____________________</td>
    259. 

  259.           </tr></tbody><tbody><tr align="left" valign="top">
    260. 

  260.             <td>7. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1051;&#1072;&#1090;&#1074;&#1080;&#1080;
    261. 

  261.                 &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090;</em></span></td>
    262. 

  262. 

  263.             <td>____________________</td>
    264. 

  264.           </tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e5287"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;17.</h3></div></div></div><p>Answer the following questions according the models:</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="4cm"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top">
    265. 

  265.           <td align="left">Instructor:</td>
    266. 

  266. 

  267.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1072;&#1076;&#1078;&#1080;&#1082;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074;
    268. 

  268.               &#1058;&#1072;&#1076;&#1078;&#1080;&#1082;&#1080;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077;?</em></span></td>
    269. 

  269.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    270. 

  270.           <td>Student:</td>
    271. 

  271. 

  272.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1044;&#1072;, &#1086;&#1085;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074;
    273. 

  273.               &#1058;&#1072;&#1076;&#1078;&#1080;&#1082;&#1080;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077;.</em></span></td>
    274. 

  274.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    275. 

  275.           <td align="left">Instructor:</td>
    276. 

  276. 

  277.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1069;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1085;&#1094;&#1099; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074;
    278. 

  278.               &#1051;&#1072;&#1090;&#1074;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></td>
    279. 

  279.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    280. 

  280.           <td>Student:</td>
    281. 

  281. 

  282.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1053;&#1077;&#1090;, &#1086;&#1085;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074;
    283. 

  283.               &#1069;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span></td>
    284. 

  284.         </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="1.0cm"><col width="1.0*"><col width="1.02*"><tr valign="top">
    285. 

  285.           <td align="right">1.</td>
    286. 

  286. 

  287.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1056;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074;
    288. 

  288.               &#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></td>
    289. 

  289. 

  290.           <td>____________________</td>
    291. 

  291.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    292. 

  292.           <td align="right">2.</td>
    293. 

  293. 

  294.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1088;&#1091;&#1079;&#1080;&#1085;&#1099; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074;
    295. 

  295.               &#1043;&#1088;&#1091;&#1079;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></td>
    296. 

  296. 

  297.           <td>____________________</td>
    298. 

  298.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    299. 

  299.           <td align="right">3.</td>
    300. 

  300. 

  301.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1072;&#1079;&#1072;&#1093;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074;
    302. 

  302.               &#1050;&#1072;&#1079;&#1072;&#1093;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077;?</em></span></td>
    303. 

  303. 

  304.           <td>____________________</td>
    305. 

  305.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    306. 

  306.           <td align="right">4.</td>
    307. 

  307. 

  308.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1086;&#1083;&#1076;&#1072;&#1074;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074;
    309. 

  309.               &#1041;&#1077;&#1083;&#1086;&#1088;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></td>
    310. 

  310. 

  311.           <td>____________________</td>
    312. 

  312.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    313. 

  313.           <td align="right">5.</td>
    314. 

  314. 

  315.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1079;&#1073;&#1077;&#1082;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074;
    316. 

  316.               &#1051;&#1072;&#1090;&#1074;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></td>
    317. 

  317. 

  318.           <td>____________________</td>
    319. 

  319.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    320. 

  320.           <td align="right">6.</td>
    321. 

  321. 

  322.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1091;&#1088;&#1082;&#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1099; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074;
    323. 

  323.               &#1050;&#1080;&#1088;&#1075;&#1080;&#1079;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></td>
    324. 

  324. 

  325.           <td>____________________</td>
    326. 

  326.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    327. 

  327.           <td align="right">7.</td>
    328. 

  328. 

  329.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1079;&#1077;&#1088;&#1073;&#1072;&#1081;&#1076;&#1078;&#1072;&#1085;&#1094;&#1099; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074;
    330. 

  330.               &#1051;&#1080;&#1090;&#1074;&#1077;?</em></span></td>
    331. 

  331. 

  332.           <td>____________________</td>
    333. 

  333.         </tr></table></div><p>Of course, as you well know, the Newly Independent States are home to many
    334. 

  334.         nationalities. The above exercise, and the ones following, in no way suggest that these new
    335. 

  335.         countries have entirely homogeneous populations.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e5350"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;18.</h3></div></div></div><p>Using the map, indicate the home countries of the given nationalities.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1075;&#1076;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1091;&#1082;&#1088;&#1072;&#1080;&#1085;&#1094;&#1099;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1075;&#1076;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1091;&#1079;&#1073;&#1077;&#1082;&#1080;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1075;&#1076;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1072;&#1088;&#1084;&#1103;&#1085;&#1077;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1075;&#1076;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1088;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;&#1077;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1075;&#1076;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1073;&#1077;&#1083;&#1086;&#1088;&#1091;&#1089;&#1099;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1075;&#1076;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1083;&#1080;&#1090;&#1086;&#1074;&#1094;&#1099;.</em></span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e5373"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;19.</h3></div></div></div><p>Using the map, indicate the capitals of the following countries:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1091; &#1050;&#1072;&#1079;&#1072;&#1093;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;&#1072;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1091; &#1052;&#1086;&#1083;&#1076;&#1072;&#1074;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1091; &#1058;&#1091;&#1088;&#1082;&#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1091; &#1059;&#1082;&#1088;&#1072;&#1080;&#1085;&#1099;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1091; &#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077; &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1091; &#1040;&#1088;&#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1080;.</em></span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e5396"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;20.</h3></div></div></div><p></p><p>Listen to the following statements your instructor will read aloud. Indicate whether
    336. 

  336.         they are true (<span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1074;&#1080;&#1083;&#1100;&#1085;&#1086;</em></span></strong></span>) or false (<span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1077;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1074;&#1080;&#1083;&#1100;&#1085;&#1086;</em></span></strong></span>):</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1050;&#1080;&#1088;&#1075;&#1080;&#1079;&#1080;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1082;&#1080;&#1088;&#1075;&#1080;&#1079;&#1099;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1072;&#1076;&#1078;&#1080;&#1082;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074; &#1058;&#1072;&#1076;&#1078;&#1080;&#1082;&#1080;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1059;&#1079;&#1073;&#1077;&#1082;&#1080;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1091;&#1079;&#1073;&#1077;&#1082;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1056;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074; &#1040;&#1079;&#1077;&#1088;&#1073;&#1072;&#1081;&#1076;&#1078;&#1072;&#1085;&#1077;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1069;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1082;&#1072;&#1079;&#1072;&#1093;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1051;&#1072;&#1090;&#1099;&#1096;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074; &#1051;&#1072;&#1090;&#1074;&#1080;&#1080;?</em></span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e5424"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;21.</h3></div></div></div><p>Match the countries with their capitals.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top">
    337. 

  337.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1069;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></td>
    338. 

  338. 

  339.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1045;&#1088;&#1077;&#1074;&#1072;&#1085;</em></span></td>
    340. 

  340.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    341. 

  341.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1072;&#1076;&#1078;&#1080;&#1082;&#1080;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;</em></span></td>
    342. 

  342. 

  343.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1056;&#1080;&#1075;&#1072;</em></span></td>
    344. 

  344.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    345. 

  345.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1056;&#1086;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></td>
    346. 

  346. 

  347.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1080;&#1085;&#1089;&#1082;</em></span></td>
    348. 

  348.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    349. 

  349.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1072;&#1079;&#1072;&#1093;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;</em></span></td>
    350. 

  350. 

  351.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1073;&#1080;&#1083;&#1080;&#1089;&#1080;</em></span></td>
    352. 

  352.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    353. 

  353.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1051;&#1080;&#1090;&#1074;&#1072;</em></span></td>
    354. 

  354. 

  355.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1041;&#1080;&#1096;&#1082;&#1077;&#1082;</em></span></td>
    356. 

  356.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    357. 

  357.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1088;&#1091;&#1079;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></td>
    358. 

  358. 

  359.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1080;&#1077;&#1074;</em></span></td>
    360. 

  360.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    361. 

  361.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1091;&#1088;&#1082;&#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></td>
    362. 

  362. 

  363.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1080;&#1083;&#1100;&#1085;&#1102;&#1089;</em></span></td>
    364. 

  364.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    365. 

  365.           <td>&#1052;&#1086;&#1083;&#1076;&#1072;&#1074;&#1080;&#1103;</td>
    366. 

  366. 

  367.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1086;&#1089;&#1082;&#1074;&#1072;</em></span></td>
    368. 

  368.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    369. 

  369.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1051;&#1072;&#1090;&#1074;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></td>
    370. 

  370. 

  371.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1044;&#1091;&#1096;&#1072;&#1085;&#1073;&#1077;</em></span></td>
    372. 

  372.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    373. 

  373.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1079;&#1073;&#1077;&#1082;&#1080;&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1085;</em></span></td>
    374. 

  374. 

  375.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1096;&#1093;&#1072;&#1073;&#1072;&#1076;</em></span></td>
    376. 

  376.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    377. 

  377.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1088;&#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></td>
    378. 

  378. 

  379.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1080;&#1096;&#1080;&#1085;&#1105;&#1074;</em></span></td>
    380. 

  380.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    381. 

  381.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1082;&#1088;&#1072;&#1080;&#1085;&#1072;</em></span></td>
    382. 

  382. 

  383.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1072;&#1083;&#1083;&#1080;&#1085;</em></span></td>
    384. 

  384.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    385. 

  385.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1079;&#1077;&#1088;&#1073;&#1072;&#1081;&#1076;&#1078;&#1072;&#1085;</em></span></td>
    386. 

  386. 

  387.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1041;&#1072;&#1082;&#1091;</em></span></td>
    388. 

  388.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    389. 

  389.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1041;&#1077;&#1083;&#1086;&#1088;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></td>
    390. 

  390. 

  391.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1083;&#1084;&#1072;-&#1072;&#1090;&#1072;</em></span></td>
    392. 

  392.         </tr><tr valign="top">
    393. 

  393.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1080;&#1088;&#1075;&#1080;&#1079;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span></td>
    394. 

  394. 

  395.           <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1072;&#1096;&#1082;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;</em></span></td>
    396. 

  396.         </tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e5505"></a>In case you were wondering</h3></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d5e5507"></a>A. Cases</h4></div></div></div><p></p><p>Russian is an <span class="italic">inflected </span>language which simply means
    397. 

  397.           that nouns (and their modifiers) will change their shape to indicate a change of function
    398. 

  398.           within the sentence. A noun may function as a <span class="bold"><strong>subject</strong></span>, an
    399. 

  399.             <span class="bold"><strong>indirect object</strong></span> or <span class="bold"><strong>direct
    400. 

  400.             object</strong></span> or the <span class="bold"><strong>object of a preposition</strong></span>. In
    401. 

  401.           each instance it will change its ending to inform you of its particular role.</p><p>Each of these functions is indicated by a set of endings (1 each for each of the
    402. 

  402.           genders and 1 for plural), which are grouped into CASES:</p><div class="informaltable"><table width="100%"><col width="40%"><col width="60%"><tr valign="top">
    403. 

  403.             <td>1. Nominative</td>
    404. 

  404. 

  405.             <td>names the subject (who? what?)</td>
    406. 

  406.           </tr><tr valign="top">
    407. 

  407.             <td>2. Genitive</td>
    408. 

  408. 

  409.             <td>shows possession (whose?)</td>
    410. 

  410.           </tr><tr valign="top">
    411. 

  411.             <td>3. Dative</td>
    412. 

  412. 

  413.             <td>indicates the indirect object, recipient of the action (to
    414. 

  414.               whom? to what?)</td>
    415. 

  415.           </tr><tr valign="top">
    416. 

  416.             <td>4. Accusative</td>
    417. 

  417. 

  418.             <td>indicates the direct object (whom? what?)</td>
    419. 

  419.           </tr><tr valign="top">
    420. 

  420.             <td>5. Instrumental</td>
    421. 

  421. 

  422.             <td>indicates instrument or means; or accompaniment (how? with
    423. 

  423.               what? with whom?)</td>
    424. 

  424.           </tr><tr valign="top">
    425. 

  425.             <td>6. Locative/Prepositional</td>
    426. 

  426. 

  427.             <td>shows location (where?); indicates the object of the
    428. 

  428.               preposition (about whom? about what?)</td>
    429. 

  429.           </tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d5e5538"></a>B. Gender of Russian nouns</h4></div></div></div><p>All Russian nouns belong to one of three <span class="italic">grammatical
    430. 

  430.             </span><span class="bold"><strong>genders: </strong></span><span class="bold"><strong>masculine,
    431. 

  431.             neuter </strong></span>or <span class="bold"><strong>feminine. </strong></span>Do not confuse <span class="bold"><strong>gender </strong></span>with <span class="bold"><strong>sex; </strong></span>the word for
    432. 

  432.           table in Russian is a <span class="bold"><strong>masculine gender </strong></span>noun, but there's
    433. 

  433.           nothing <span class="italic">male </span>about the object; book in Russian is a
    434. 

  434.             <span class="bold"><strong>feminine gender </strong></span>noun, but there's nothing inherently
    435. 

  435.             <span class="italic">female </span>about it. However, nouns referring to male
    436. 

  436.           beings will (usually) be masculine gender; those referring to female beings will be
    437. 

  437.           feminine gender.</p><p>In most cases, the gender of the noun can be determined by its ending. The table below
    438. 

  438.           illustrates this:</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr align="center" valign="top">
    439. 

  439.             <td><span class="bold"><strong>MASCULINE</strong></span></td>
    440. 

  440. 

  441.             <td><span class="bold"><strong>NEUTER</strong></span></td>
    442. 

  442. 

  443.             <td><span class="bold"><strong>FEMININE</strong></span></td>
    444. 

  444.           </tr><tr align="center" valign="top">
    445. 

  445.             <td>end in a consonant or<span class="bold"><strong>-b</strong></span></td>
    446. 

  446. 

  447.             <td>end in -<span class="bold"><strong>&#1086;</strong></span> or -<span class="bold"><strong>&#1077;</strong></span></td>
    448. 

  448. 

  449.             <td>end in -<span class="bold"><strong>&#1072;</strong></span>, -<span class="bold"><strong>&#1103;</strong></span> or -<span class="bold"><strong>&#1100;</strong></span></td>
    450. 

  450.           </tr><tr align="center" valign="top">
    451. 

  451.             <td><p>
    452. 

  452.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1072;&#1089;&#1087;&#1086;&#1088;&#1090;</em></span>
    453. 

  453.               </p>
    454. 

  454.               <p>
    455. 

  455.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1072;&#1074;&#1090;&#1086;&#1084;&#1086;&#1073;&#1080;&#1083;&#1100;</em></span>
    456. 

  456.               </p>
    457. 

  457.               <p>
    458. 

  458.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1086;&#1088;&#1090;&#1092;&#1077;&#1083;&#1100;</em></span>
    459. 

  459.               </p></td>
    460. 

  460. 

  461.             <td><p>
    462. 

  462.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1079;&#1077;&#1088;&#1086;</em></span>
    463. 

  463.               </p>
    464. 

  464.               <p>
    465. 

  465.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1086;&#1088;&#1077;</em></span>
    466. 

  466.               </p>
    467. 

  467.               <p>
    468. 

  468.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1072;&#1083;&#1100;&#1090;&#1086;</em></span>
    469. 

  469.               </p></td>
    470. 

  470. 

  471.             <td><p>
    472. 

  472.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1080;&#1079;&#1072;</em></span>
    473. 

  473.               </p>
    474. 

  474.               <p>
    475. 

  475.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1092;&#1072;&#1084;&#1080;&#1083;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span>
    476. 

  476.               </p>
    477. 

  477.               <p>
    478. 

  478.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1057;&#1080;&#1073;&#1080;&#1088;&#1100;</em></span>
    479. 

  479.               </p></td>
    480. 

  480.           </tr><tr align="center" valign="top">
    481. 

  481.             <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;</em></span></strong></span></td>
    482. 

  482. 

  483.             <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1086;</em></span></strong></span></td>
    484. 

  484. 

  485.             <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1072;</em></span></strong></span></td>
    486. 

  486.           </tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d5e5605"></a>C. Adjectives.</h4></div></div></div><p>Adjectives agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number and case. This means
    487. 

  487.           that when a singular feminine noun is in the nominative case (the subject of the
    488. 

  488.           sentence), the adjective that describes that noun must be nominative, singular, feminine.
    489. 

  489.           Since the noun and adjective do not necessarily stand together in the sentence, agreement
    490. 

  490.           is especially important. Agreement in the nominative may look like this:</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top">
    491. 

  491.             <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">O&#1053;</em></span></strong></span></td>
    492. 

  492. 

  493.             <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1053;&#1054;</em></span></strong></span></td>
    494. 

  494. 

  495.             <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1053;&#1040;</em></span></strong></span></td>
    496. 

  496.           </tr><tr align="center" valign="top">
    497. 

  497.             <td><p>
    498. 

  498.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1086;&#1074;&#1099;&#1081; &#1076;&#1086;&#1084;</em></span>
    499. 

  499.               </p>
    500. 

  500.               <p>
    501. 

  501.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1093;&#1086;&#1088;&#1086;&#1096;&#1080;&#1081; &#1089;&#1090;&#1091;&#1076;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;</em></span>
    502. 

  502.               </p></td>
    503. 

  503. 

  504.             <td align="left"><p>
    505. 

  505.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1086;&#1074;&#1086;&#1077; &#1079;&#1076;&#1072;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077; </em></span>
    506. 

  506.               </p>
    507. 

  507.               <p>
    508. 

  508.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1093;&#1086;&#1088;&#1086;&#1096;&#1077;&#1077; &#1074;&#1080;&#1085;&#1086;</em></span>
    509. 

  509.               </p></td>
    510. 

  510. 

  511.             <td><p>
    512. 

  512.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1086;&#1074;&#1072;&#1103; &#1082;&#1074;&#1072;&#1088;&#1090;&#1080;&#1088;&#1072; </em></span>
    513. 

  513.               </p>
    514. 

  514.               <p>
    515. 

  515.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1093;&#1086;&#1088;&#1086;&#1096;&#1072;&#1103; &#1089;&#1090;&#1091;&#1076;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;&#1082;&#1072;</em></span>
    516. 

  516.               </p></td>
    517. 

  517.           </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table border="1" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top">
    518. 

  518.             <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1053;&#1048;</em></span></strong></span></td>
    519. 

  519. 

  520.             <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1053;&#1048;</em></span></strong></span></td>
    521. 

  521. 

  522.             <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1053;&#1048;</em></span></strong></span></td>
    523. 

  523.           </tr><tr align="center" valign="top">
    524. 

  524.             <td><p>
    525. 

  525.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1086;&#1074;&#1099;&#1077; &#1076;&#1086;&#1084;&#1072;</em></span>
    526. 

  526.               </p>
    527. 

  527.               <p>
    528. 

  528.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1072; &#1093;&#1086;&#1088;&#1086;&#1096;&#1080;&#1077; &#1089;&#1090;&#1091;&#1076;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;&#1099;</em></span>
    529. 

  529.               </p></td>
    530. 

  530. 

  531.             <td><p>
    532. 

  532.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1086;&#1074;&#1099;&#1077; &#1079;&#1076;&#1072;&#1085;&#1080;&#1103;</em></span>
    533. 

  533.               </p>
    534. 

  534.               <p>
    535. 

  535.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"> &#1093;&#1086;&#1088;&#1086;&#1096;&#1080;&#1077; &#1074;&#1080;&#1085;&#1072;</em></span>
    536. 

  536.               </p></td>
    537. 

  537. 

  538.             <td><p>
    539. 

  539.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1086;&#1074;&#1099;&#1077; &#1082;&#1074;&#1072;&#1088;&#1090;&#1080;&#1088;&#1099;</em></span>
    540. 

  540.               </p>
    541. 

  541.               <p>
    542. 

  542.                 <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"> &#1093;&#1086;&#1088;&#1086;&#1096;&#1080;&#1077; &#1089;&#1090;&#1091;&#1076;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;&#1082;&#1080;</em></span>
    543. 

  543.               </p></td>
    544. 

  544.           </tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d5e5668"></a>D. Personal pronouns.</h4></div></div></div><p></p><p>Russian uses pronouns in much the same way English does; they take the place of, or
    545. 

  545.           refer back to nouns. The table below shows the correspondence between Russian and English
    546. 

  546.           pronouns:</p><div class="informalexample"><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="3cm"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top">
    547. 

  547.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1103;</em></span></td>
    548. 

  548. 

  549.               <td align="left">I</td>
    550. 

  550.             </tr><tr valign="top">
    551. 

  551.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1099;</em></span></td>
    552. 

  552. 

  553.               <td align="left">you (sing, and informal)</td>
    554. 

  554.             </tr><tr valign="top">
    555. 

  555.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;</em></span>/<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1072;</em></span>/<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1086;</em></span></td>
    556. 

  556. 

  557.               <td align="left">he/she/it</td>
    558. 

  558.             </tr><tr valign="top">
    559. 

  559.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1099;</em></span></td>
    560. 

  560. 

  561.               <td align="left">we</td>
    562. 

  562.             </tr><tr valign="top">
    563. 

  563.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1099;</em></span></td>
    564. 

  564. 

  565.               <td align="left">you (pi. and formal)</td>
    566. 

  566.             </tr><tr valign="top">
    567. 

  567.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;</em></span></td>
    568. 

  568. 

  569.               <td align="left">they</td>
    570. 

  570.             </tr></table></div></div><p>As you can see by this table, Russian has two pronouns for the second person you.
    571. 

  571.             <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1058;&#1099;</em></span></strong></span> is
    572. 

  572.           informal and singular; <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1099;</em></span></strong></span> is formal and/or plural. (See the comments on <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1099;</em></span></strong></span> and<span class="bold"><strong>
    573. 

  573.             <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1099;</em></span></strong></span> in Lesson 3).</p><p>As in English, Russian pronouns change form as their function changes in the sentence.
    574. 

  574.           Take a look at the following sentences:</p><p><span class="bold"><strong>I know you.</strong></span></p><p><span class="bold"><strong>You know me. </strong></span></p><p>I changes to me when it switches from the role of subject to the role of
    575. 

  575.           object.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1071; &#1079;&#1085;&#1072;&#1102;
    576. 

  576.             &#1074;&#1072;&#1089;.</em></span></strong></span></p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1099; &#1079;&#1085;&#1072;&#1077;&#1090;&#1077;
    577. 

  577.             &#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1103;.</em></span></strong></span></p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d5e5723"></a>E. &#1074;&#1086;&#1090;</h4></div></div></div><p><span class="bold"><strong>&#1042;&#1086;&#1090; </strong></span>is used in Russian in the sense of "Here is..."
    578. 

  578.           when pointing to something or someone. For example:</p><div class="informalexample"><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top">
    579. 

  579.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">-&#1043;&#1076;&#1077;
    580. 

  580.                 &#1073;&#1072;&#1075;&#1072;&#1078;?</em></span></td>
    581. 

  581. 

  582.               <td>Where's the luggage?</td>
    583. 

  583.             </tr><tr valign="top">
    584. 

  584.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">-&#1042;&#1086;&#1090; &#1086;&#1085;.</em></span></td>
    585. 

  585. 

  586.               <td>&#1053;&#1077;&#1075;&#1077; it is.</td>
    587. 

  587.             </tr><tr valign="top">
    588. 

  588.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">-&#1043;&#1076;&#1077;
    589. 

  589.                 &#1051;&#1080;&#1085;&#1076;&#1072;?</em></span></td>
    590. 

  590. 

  591.               <td>Where's Linda?</td>
    592. 

  592.             </tr><tr valign="top">
    593. 

  593.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">-&#1042;&#1086;&#1090;
    594. 

  594.                 &#1086;&#1085;&#1072;.</em></span></td>
    595. 

  595. 

  596.               <td>Here she is.</td>
    597. 

  597.             </tr></table></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d5e5747"></a>F. Why do verbs have different forms?</h4></div></div></div><p></p><p>The verb<span class="bold"><strong>
    598. 

  598.             <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1100;</em></span></strong></span> [to live] appears in two
    599. 

  599.           forms in this lesson: <span class="bold"><strong>(<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;</em></span>/<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1072;</em></span>)
    600. 

  600.             </strong></span><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1105;&#1090;</em></span>
    601. 

  601.           </strong></span>and <span class="bold"><strong>(<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;</em></span>&#1080;)
    602. 

  602.               <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090;</em></span>. </strong></span>Verbs in Russian, as in
    603. 

  603.           English, agree with their subjects in terms of person (I, you, he/she, we, they) and
    604. 

  604.           number (He <span class="italic">lives, </span>vs They <span class="italic">live.). </span>The two forms indicated here are for a singular subject and a plural
    605. 

  605.           subject, respectively.</p><div class="informalexample"><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top">
    606. 

  606.                 <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1085; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1105;&#1090; &#1074;
    607. 

  607.                     &#1052;&#1086;&#1089;&#1082;&#1074;&#1077;.</em></span></td>
    608. 

  608. 

  609.                 <td>&#1053;&#1077; lives in Moscow.</td>
    610. 

  610.               </tr><tr valign="top">
    611. 

  611.                 <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1085;&#1072; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1105;&#1090; &#1074;
    612. 

  612.                     &#1050;&#1080;&#1077;&#1074;&#1077;.</em></span></td>
    613. 

  613. 

  614.                 <td>She lives in Kiev.</td>
    615. 

  615.               </tr><tr valign="top">
    616. 

  616.                 <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1085;&#1080; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074;
    617. 

  617.                     &#1040;&#1084;&#1077;&#1088;&#1080;&#1082;&#1077;.</em></span></td>
    618. 

  618. 

  619.                 <td>They live in America.</td>
    620. 

  620.               </tr><tr valign="top">
    621. 

  621.                 <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1090;&#1086; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1105;&#1090; &#1074;
    622. 

  622.                     &#1059;&#1082;&#1088;&#1072;&#1080;&#1085;&#1077;?</em></span></td>
    623. 

  623. 

  624.                 <td>Who lives in Ukraine?</td>
    625. 

  625.               </tr><tr valign="top">
    626. 

  626.                 <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1059;&#1082;&#1088;&#1072;&#1080;&#1085;&#1077; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090;
    627. 

  627.                     &#1091;&#1082;&#1088;&#1072;&#1080;&#1085;&#1094;&#1099;.</em></span></td>
    628. 

  628. 

  629.                 <td>Ukrainians live in Ukraine.</td>
    630. 

  630.               </tr></table></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d5e5788"></a>G. The verb &#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1100; (present tense)</h4></div></div></div><p>Here is the verb <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1100;</em></span>
    631. 

  631.           </strong></span>in all forms of the present tense:</p><div class="informalexample"><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="4cm"><col width="4cm"><tr align="center">
    632. 

  632.               <td align="center" colspan="2" valign="top"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1100;</em></span> / to live</strong></span></td>
    633. 

  633.             </tr><tr valign="top">
    634. 

  634.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1103; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;</em></span></td>
    635. 

  635. 

  636.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1099; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1105;&#1084;</em></span></td>
    637. 

  637.             </tr><tr valign="top">
    638. 

  638.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1099;
    639. 

  639.                 &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1105;&#1096;&#1100;</em></span></td>
    640. 

  640. 

  641.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1099;
    642. 

  642.                 &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1105;&#1090;&#1077;</em></span></td>
    643. 

  643.             </tr><tr valign="top">
    644. 

  644.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1105;&#1090;</em></span></td>
    645. 

  645. 

  646.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;
    647. 

  647.                 &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090;</em></span></td>
    648. 

  648.             </tr></table></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d5e5816"></a>&#1053;. The question word <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1072;&#1082;&#1086;&#1081;</em></span></h4></div></div></div><p></p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1072;&#1082;&#1086;&#1081;</em></span>,
    649. 

  649.               <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1072;&#1082;&#1086;&#1077;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1072;&#1082;&#1072;&#1103;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1072;&#1082;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span>
    650. 

  650.           </strong></span>is a question word which asks: &laquo;Which?&raquo; or &laquo;What kind of? ...&raquo; It is an
    651. 

  651.           adjective and will agree in gender, number and case with the word it modifies. The first
    652. 

  652.           three forms shown here are the masculine, neuter and feminine forms, respectively. The
    653. 

  653.           fourth is the plural. Compare these forms to those of the adjectives in the table on page
    654. 

  654.           29.</p><div class="informaltable"><table width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr align="center" valign="top">
    655. 

  655.             <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">OH</em></span></td>
    656. 

  656. 

  657.             <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">OHO</em></span></td>
    658. 

  658. 

  659.             <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1053;&#1040;</em></span></td>
    660. 

  660. 

  661.             <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1053;&#1048;</em></span></td>
    662. 

  662.           </tr><tr align="center" valign="top">
    663. 

  663.             <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1072;&#1082;&#1086;&#1081;</em></span></td>
    664. 

  664. 

  665.             <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1072;&#1082;&#1086;&#1077;</em></span></td>
    666. 

  666. 

  667.             <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1072;&#1082;&#1072;&#1103;</em></span></td>
    668. 

  668. 

  669.             <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1072;&#1082;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span></td>
    670. 

  670.           </tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d5e5849"></a>Nominative Case</h4></div></div></div><p>The nominative case is used to indicate the subject of a sentence. It is also used for
    671. 

  671.           other nouns in the sentence which give more information about the subject. As it is the
    672. 

  672.           dictionary form for nouns and adjectives, you should memorize nouns and adjectives in
    673. 

  673.           their nominative case forms.</p><div class="informalexample"><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top">
    674. 

  674.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1071; &#1080;&#1076;&#1091; &#1074;
    675. 

  675.                   &#1090;&#1077;&#1072;&#1090;&#1088;.</em></span></td>
    676. 

  676. 

  677.               <td>I am going to the theater.</td>
    678. 

  678.             </tr><tr valign="top">
    679. 

  679.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1085;&#1080;&#1075;&#1072; &#1085;&#1072;
    680. 

  680.                   &#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1077;.</em></span></td>
    681. 

  681. 

  682.               <td>The book is on the table.</td>
    683. 

  683.             </tr><tr valign="top">
    684. 

  684.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1086;&#1090; &#1076;&#1086;&#1084;.</em></span></td>
    685. 

  685. 

  686.               <td>There is the house.</td>
    687. 

  687.             </tr><tr valign="top">
    688. 

  688.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1069;&#1090;&#1086; &#1084;&#1086;&#1103;
    689. 

  689.                   &#1088;&#1091;&#1095;&#1082;&#1072;.</em></span></td>
    690. 

  690. 

  691.               <td>This is my pen.</td>
    692. 

  692.             </tr><tr valign="top">
    693. 

  693.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1086;&#1081; &#1073;&#1088;&#1072;&#1090; -
    694. 

  694.                   &#1080;&#1085;&#1078;&#1077;&#1085;&#1077;&#1088;.</em></span></td>
    695. 

  695. 

  696.               <td>My brother is an engineer.</td>
    697. 

  697.             </tr><tr align="left">
    698. 

  698.               <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042; &#1080;&#1085;&#1089;&#1090;&#1080;&#1090;&#1091;&#1090;&#1077; &#1088;&#1072;&#1073;&#1086;&#1090;&#1072;&#1102;&#1090; &#1072;&#1084;&#1077;&#1088;&#1080;&#1082;&#1072;&#1085;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;&#1077;
    699. 

  699.                   &#1092;&#1080;&#1079;&#1080;&#1082;&#1080;.</em></span></td>
    700. 

  700. 

  701.               <td>American physicists work in the institute.</td>
    702. 

  702.             </tr></table></div></div><p>Because Russian has cases, word order in a sentence is less important than it is in
    703. 

  703.           English. The subject [that noun plus its modifiers in the nominative case] can come at the
    704. 

  704.           beginning, in the middle or at the end of the sentence. Knowing the nominative case
    705. 

  705.           endings for nouns and adjectives will help you find the subject of the sentence more
    706. 

  706.           quickly.</p><p>Adjectives are linked to their nouns by their endings. The adjective may stand in
    707. 

  707.           front of, after, or at a distance from the noun it modifies. You can always find the
    708. 

  708.           adjective which modifies a noun by looking for the one whose ending matches in gender,
    709. 

  709.           number, and case that of the noun.</p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1069;&#1090;&#1086; &#1041;&#1077;&#1083;<span class="bold"><strong>&#1099;&#1081;</strong></span>
    710. 

  710.             &#1076;&#1086;&#1084;.</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1085;&#1072; &#1091;&#1095;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077;&#1083;&#1100;&#1085;&#1080;&#1094;<span class="bold"><strong>&#1072;</strong></span>
    711. 

  711.               &#1093;&#1086;&#1088;&#1086;&#1096;<span class="bold"><strong>&#1072;&#1103;</strong></span>, &#1086;&#1087;&#1099;&#1090;&#1085;<span class="bold"><strong>&#1072;&#1103;</strong></span>.</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1056;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1082;<span class="bold"><strong>&#1080;&#1081;</strong></span> &#1103;&#1079;&#1099;&#1082; &#1086;&#1095;&#1077;&#1085;&#1100;
    712. 

  712.               &#1080;&#1085;&#1090;&#1077;&#1088;&#1077;&#1089;&#1085;<span class="bold"><strong>&#1099;&#1081;</strong></span>, &#1085;&#1086; &#1090;&#1088;&#1091;&#1076;&#1085;<span class="bold"><strong>&#1099;&#1081;</strong></span>.</em></span></p></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e5895"></a>Useful words and expressions</h3></div></div></div><p></p><div class="table"><a name="d5e5898"></a><p class="title"><b>Table&nbsp;2.1.&nbsp;Useful words and expressions</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table class="table" summary="Useful words and expressions" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;</em></span></td><td>in, inside</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1086;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1082;; &#1085;&#1072; &#1074;&#1086;&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1082;&#1077;</em></span></td><td>east; in the east</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1086;&#1090;</em></span></td><td>here</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077;?</em></span></td><td>Where?</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1075;&#1086;&#1088;&#1086;&#1076;</em></span></td><td>city, town</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1044;&#1086;&#1073;&#1088;&#1086; &#1087;&#1086;&#1078;&#1072;&#1083;&#1086;&#1074;&#1072;&#1090;&#1100;!</em></span></td><td>Welcome</td></tr><tr><td><p>
    713. 

  713.                   <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1100;</em></span>
    714. 

  714.                 </p>
    715. 

  715.                 <p>(<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1103; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1099; &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1105;&#1090;&#1077;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;
    716. 

  716.                     &#1078;&#1080;&#1074;&#1091;&#1090;</em></span>)</p></td><td>to live</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1079;&#1072;&#1087;&#1072;&#1076;</em></span>; <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1072; &#1079;&#1072;&#1087;&#1072;&#1076;&#1077;</em></span></td><td>west; in the west</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1072;&#1082;&#1086;&#1081;</em></span>/<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1072;&#1082;&#1086;&#1077;</em></span>/<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1072;&#1082;&#1072;&#1103;</em></span>/<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1082;&#1072;&#1082;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span></td><td>what kind of; which; which one(s)</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1090;&#1086;?</em></span></td><td>who</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1090;&#1086; &#1101;&#1090;&#1086;?</em></span></td><td>Who is that?</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1072;</em></span></td><td>on; at; in</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1072;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1086;</em></span>,
    717. 

  717.                   <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;</em></span></td><td>he; she; it; they</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1082;&#1072;&#1078;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077;</em></span>...</td><td>Show...</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1086;&#1075;&#1086;&#1076;&#1072;</em></span></td><td>weather</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1077;&#1074;&#1077;&#1088;</em></span>; <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1072; &#1089;&#1077;&#1074;&#1077;&#1088;&#1077;</em></span></td><td>north; in the north</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1089;&#1090;&#1086;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1072;</em></span></td><td>capital</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1095;&#1090;&#1086;</em></span></td><td>what</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1063;&#1090;&#1086; &#1101;&#1090;&#1086;?</em></span></td><td>What is that/this</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1101;&#1090;&#1086;</em></span></td><td>this/that</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1102;&#1075;</em></span>;<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">
    718. 

  718.                   &#1085;&#1072; &#1102;&#1075;&#1077;</em></span></td><td>south; in the south</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch02.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch02.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="ch03.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter&nbsp;2.&nbsp;Lesson 2&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;Chapter&nbsp;3.&nbsp;Lesson 3</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
    719.