ch03s10.html 10 KB

1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677
  1. <html><head>
  2. <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
  3. <title xmlns:ng="http://docbook.org/docbook-ng">In case you were wondering</title><meta xmlns:ng="http://docbook.org/docbook-ng" name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.2"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The RUSSIAN Fast Course"><link rel="up" href="ch03.html" title="Chapter&nbsp;3.&nbsp;Lesson 3"><link rel="prev" href="ch03s09.html" title="Beyond &#34;how do you do?&#34;"><link rel="next" href="ch03s11.html" title="The Russian intonation system"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">In case you were wondering</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch03s09.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter&nbsp;3.&nbsp;Lesson 3</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="ch03s11.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="d5e7281"></a>In case you were wondering</h2></div></div></div><p><b>Accusative case.&nbsp;</b>The accusative case is used to indicate <span class="bold"><strong>direct objects</strong></span>
  4. (whom? what?) and destinations when used with the prepositions <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;</em></span></strong></span> or <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">HA</em></span></strong></span> and a "verb of
  5. motion".</p><p>The table below illustrates the accusative case endings for nouns and adjectives and
  6. compares them to nominative. You will notice that we have included the plural forms <span class="bold"><strong>&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;.</strong></span></p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1" width="100%"><col width="10%"><col width="40%"><col width="10%"><col width="40%"><tr valign="top">
  7. <td align="center" colspan="2"><span class="bold"><strong>NOMINATIVE</strong></span></td>
  8. <td align="center" colspan="2"><span class="bold"><strong>ACCUSATIVE</strong></span></td>
  9. </tr><tr align="left" valign="top">
  10. <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  11. <td>
  12. <p>&#1085;&#1086;&#1074;&#1099;&#1081; &#1089;&#1090;&#1091;&#1076;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;</p>
  13. <p>&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1088;&#1099;&#1081; &#1076;&#1086;&#1084;</p>
  14. </td>
  15. <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  16. <td>
  17. <p>&#1085;&#1086;&#1074;&#1086;&#1075;&#1086; &#1089;&#1090;&#1091;&#1076;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;&#1072;</p>
  18. <p>&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1088;&#1099;&#1081; &#1076;&#1086;&#1084;</p>
  19. </td>
  20. </tr><tr align="left" valign="top">
  21. <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1072;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  22. <td>
  23. <p>&#1085;&#1086;&#1074;&#1072;&#1103; &#1089;&#1090;&#1091;&#1076;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;&#1082;&#1072;</p>
  24. <p>&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1088;&#1072;&#1103; &#1082;&#1074;&#1072;&#1088;&#1090;&#1080;&#1088;&#1072;</p>
  25. </td>
  26. <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1072;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  27. <td>
  28. <p>&#1085;&#1086;&#1074;&#1091;&#1102; &#1089;&#1090;&#1091;&#1076;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;&#1082;&#1091;</p>
  29. <p>&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1088;&#1091;&#1102; &#1082;&#1074;&#1072;&#1088;&#1090;&#1080;&#1088;&#1091;</p>
  30. </td>
  31. </tr><tr align="left" valign="top">
  32. <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1086;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  33. <td>
  34. <p>&#1085;&#1086;&#1074;&#1086;&#1077; &#1089;&#1083;&#1086;&#1074;&#1086;</p>
  35. <p>&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1088;&#1086;&#1077; &#1082;&#1088;&#1077;&#1089;&#1083;&#1086;</p>
  36. </td>
  37. <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1086;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  38. <td>
  39. <p>&#1085;&#1086;&#1074;&#1086;&#1077; &#1089;&#1083;&#1086;&#1074;&#1086;</p>
  40. <p>&#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1088;&#1086;&#1077; &#1082;&#1088;&#1077;&#1089;&#1083;&#1086;</p>
  41. </td>
  42. </tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table border="1" width="100%"><col width="10%"><col width="40%"><col width="10%"><col width="40%"><tr valign="top">
  43. <td align="center" colspan="2"><span class="bold"><strong>NOMINATIVE</strong></span></td>
  44. <td align="center" colspan="2"><span class="bold"><strong>ACCUSATIVE</strong></span></td>
  45. </tr><tr align="left" valign="top">
  46. <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  47. <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1086;&#1074;&#1099;&#1077; &#1089;&#1090;&#1091;&#1076;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;&#1099; &#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1088;&#1099;&#1077;
  48. &#1082;&#1086;&#1089;&#1090;&#1102;&#1084;&#1099;</em></span></td>
  49. <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  50. <td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1086;&#1074;&#1099;&#1093; &#1089;&#1090;&#1091;&#1076;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;&#1086;&#1074; &#1089;&#1090;&#1072;&#1088;&#1099;&#1077;
  51. &#1082;&#1086;&#1089;&#1090;&#1102;&#1084;&#1099;</em></span></td>
  52. </tr></table></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e7363"></a>Pronouns</h3></div></div></div><p>The table shows the accusative case forms for pronouns and compares them to
  53. nominative.</p><div class="informaltable"><table width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><thead align="center"><tr valign="top">
  54. <td><span class="bold"><strong>NOMINATIVE</strong></span></td>
  55. <td><span class="bold"><strong>ACCUSATIVE</strong></span></td>
  56. </tr></thead><tbody align="center"><tr valign="top">
  57. <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1103;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  58. <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1077;&#1085;&#1103;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  59. </tr><tr valign="top">
  60. <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1099;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  61. <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1090;&#1077;&#1073;&#1103;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  62. </tr><tr valign="top">
  63. <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  64. <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1077;&#1075;&#1086;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  65. </tr><tr valign="top">
  66. <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1072;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  67. <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1077;&#1105;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  68. </tr><tr valign="top">
  69. <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1084;&#1099;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  70. <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1072;&#1089;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  71. </tr><tr valign="top">
  72. <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1099;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  73. <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1074;&#1072;&#1089;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  74. </tr><tr valign="top">
  75. <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1086;&#1085;&#1080;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  76. <td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1080;&#1093;</em></span></strong></span></td>
  77. </tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e7425"></a><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1087;&#1088;&#1072;&#1078;&#1085;&#1077;&#1085;&#1080;&#1077;</em></span> &#8470;13.</h3></div></div></div><p>Look back through lessons 2 and 3 and find examples of the accusative case.</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch03s09.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch03.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="ch03s11.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Beyond "how do you do?"&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;The Russian intonation system</td></tr></table></div></body></html>