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  2.       <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
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  3.    <title xmlns:ng="http://docbook.org/docbook-ng">In case you were wondering</title><meta xmlns:ng="http://docbook.org/docbook-ng" name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.2"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The RUSSIAN Fast Course"><link rel="up" href="ch09.html" title="Chapter&nbsp;9.&nbsp;Lesson 9"><link rel="prev" href="ch09s09.html" title="Listening Comprehension Exercise"><link rel="next" href="ch09s11.html" title="In case you were wondering"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">In case you were wondering</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch09s09.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter&nbsp;9.&nbsp;Lesson 9</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="ch09s11.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="d5e20974"></a>In case you were wondering</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e20976"></a>Verbs of Motion</h3></div></div></div><p>When speaking of actions which involve motion, either with or
    4. 

  4.       without some form of transport, Russian uses a system of verbs commonly
    5. 

  5.       referred to as the "verbs of motion". These verbs are grouped in a way
    6. 

  6.       unique from other verbs and, in many respects, follow their own logic
    7. 

  7.       and system in terms of usage. The following is a very brief and
    8. 

  8.       schematic explanation of these verbs. For more detailed information, you
    9. 

  9.       should consult any of the handbooks on Russian grammar available.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e20979"></a>"Going" verbs</h3></div></div></div><p>There are 3 verbs which convey the message of simply
    10. 

  10.       "going":</p><p>These are:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1093;&#1086;&#1076;&#1080;&#1090;&#1100;</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1080;&#1076;&#1090;&#1080;</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1086;&#1081;&#1090;&#1080;</em></span></p></li></ul></div><p>To best understand how these are used, study the examples
    11. 

  11.       below:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1093;&#1086;&#1076;&#1080;&#1090;&#1100;</em></span>
    12. 

  12.           (multi-directional, indeterminate)</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup><col class="c1"><col class="c2"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1044;&#1077;&#1090;&#1080; &#1093;&#1086;&#1076;&#1103;&#1090; &#1074;
    13. 

  13.                   &#1096;&#1082;&#1086;&#1083;&#1091;.</em></span></td><td>The children go to school. (They make regular trips
    14. 

  14.                   there and back.)</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1044;&#1077;&#1090;&#1080; &#1093;&#1086;&#1076;&#1103;&#1090; &#1087;&#1086;
    15. 

  15.                   &#1087;&#1072;&#1088;&#1082;&#1091;.</em></span></td><td>The children are strolling about the park. (random
    16. 

  16.                   motion, no goal)</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1044;&#1077;&#1090;&#1080; &#1093;&#1086;&#1076;&#1080;&#1083;&#1080; &#1074;
    17. 

  17.                   &#1082;&#1080;&#1085;&#1086;.</em></span></td><td>The children went to the movies. (They made one round
    18. 

  18.                   trip, there and back.)</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1056;&#1077;&#1073;&#1105;&#1085;&#1086;&#1082; &#1091;&#1078;&#1077;
    19. 

  19.                   &#1093;&#1086;&#1076;&#1080;&#1090;.</em></span></td><td>The child is already walking. (He/she can perform the
    20. 

  20.                   action.)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1048;&#1076;&#1090;&#1080;</em></span>
    21. 

  21.           (uni-directional, determinate)</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup><col class="c1"><col class="c2"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1085; &#1080;&#1076;&#1105;&#1090; &#1087;&#1086;
    22. 

  22.                   &#1091;&#1083;&#1080;&#1094;&#1077;.</em></span></td><td>He's going along the street. (action in progress,
    23. 

  23.                   directed toward a goal)</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1050;&#1086;&#1075;&#1076;&#1072; &#1086;&#1085; &#1096;&#1105;&#1083; &#1074; &#1084;&#1072;&#1075;&#1072;&#1079;&#1080;&#1085;,
    24. 

  24.                   &#1086;&#1085; &#1074;&#1089;&#1090;&#1088;&#1077;&#1090;&#1080;&#1083; &#1089;&#1074;&#1086;&#1077;&#1075;&#1086; &#1076;&#1088;&#1091;&#1075;&#1072;.</em></span></td><td>While on his way to the store, he met his friend.
    25. 

  25.                   (goal-directed action in progress, "intersected" by a
    26. 

  26.                   secondary action)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1055;&#1086;&#1081;&#1090;&#1080;</em></span> (setting
    27. 

  27.           out; future intent to go)</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup><col class="c1"><col class="c2"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1043;&#1076;&#1077; &#1074;&#1072;&#1096;&#1072; &#1089;&#1077;&#1089;&#1090;&#1088;&#1072;? &#1054;&#1085;&#1072;
    28. 

  28.                   &#1087;&#1086;&#1096;&#1083;&#1072; &#1074; &#1073;&#1080;&#1073;&#1083;&#1080;&#1086;&#1090;&#1077;&#1082;&#1091;.</em></span></td><td>Where's your sister? She's left for the
    29. 

  29.                   library.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1047;&#1072;&#1074;&#1090;&#1088;&#1072; &#1084;&#1099; &#1087;&#1086;&#1081;&#1076;&#1105;&#1084; &#1074;
    30. 

  30.                   &#1084;&#1091;&#1079;&#1077;&#1081;.</em></span></td><td>Tomorrow we'll go to the museum.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li></ol></div><p>All these verbs simply convey the meaning of "going" and say
    31. 

  31.       nothing about HOW that action will be accomplished. If it is necessary
    32. 

  32.       to emphasize that you will be "walking", you need to add <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1077;&#1096;&#1082;&#1086;&#1084;</em></span> after the verb.</p><p>For example:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1059;&#1090;&#1088;&#1086;&#1084; &#1076;&#1077;&#1090;&#1080; &#1080;&#1076;&#1091;&#1090; &#1074; &#1096;&#1082;&#1086;&#1083;&#1091;
    33. 

  33.               &#1087;&#1077;&#1096;&#1082;&#1086;&#1084;.</em></span></td><td>Thre children walk to school in the morning.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1071; &#1083;&#1102;&#1073;&#1083;&#1102; &#1093;&#1086;&#1076;&#1080;&#1090;&#1100;
    34. 

  34.               &#1087;&#1077;&#1096;&#1082;&#1086;&#1084;.</em></span></td><td>I like to walk</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1085;&#1080; &#1093;&#1086;&#1090;&#1103;&#1090; &#1087;&#1086;&#1081;&#1090;&#1080; &#1074; &#1084;&#1091;&#1079;&#1077;&#1081;
    35. 

  35.               &#1087;&#1077;&#1096;&#1082;&#1086;&#1084;.</em></span></td><td>They want to walk to the museum.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d5e21069"></a>"Transport" verbs</h3></div></div></div><p>If you are emphasizing that you are using a form of
    36. 

  36.       transportation, you will use the following verbs:</p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1077;&#1079;&#1076;&#1080;&#1090;&#1100;</em></span> (for
    37. 

  37.       <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1093;&#1086;&#1076;&#1080;&#1090;&#1100;</em></span>) <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1077;&#1093;&#1072;&#1090;&#1100;</em></span> (for <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1080;&#1076;&#1090;&#1080;</em></span>) <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1086;&#1077;&#1093;&#1072;&#1090;&#1100;</em></span> (for <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1087;&#1086;&#1081;&#1090;&#1080;</em></span>) and indicate, if you wish, the form
    38. 

  38.       of transport in the following manner:</p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1072; &#1084;&#1072;&#1096;&#1080;&#1085;&#1077;</em></span>,
    39. 

  39.       <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1072; &#1072;&#1074;&#1090;&#1086;&#1073;&#1091;&#1089;&#1077;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1072; &#1090;&#1088;&#1072;&#1084;&#1074;&#1072;&#1077;</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1085;&#1072; &#1084;&#1077;&#1090;&#1088;&#1086;</em></span>, etc.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong>For example</strong></span>:</p><div class="informalexample"><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1099; &#1077;&#1079;&#1076;&#1080;&#1083;&#1080; &#1090;&#1091;&#1076;&#1072; &#1085;&#1072;
    40. 

  40.                 &#1084;&#1072;&#1096;&#1080;&#1085;&#1077;. </em></span></p></td><td><p>We went there by car. </p></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1054;&#1085; &#1083;&#1102;&#1073;&#1080;&#1090; &#1077;&#1079;&#1076;&#1080;&#1090;&#1100; &#1085;&#1072;
    41. 

  41.                 &#1084;&#1077;&#1090;&#1088;&#1086;.</em></span></td><td>He likes to take the metro.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1099; &#1087;&#1086;&#1077;&#1076;&#1077;&#1084; &#1074; &#1052;&#1086;&#1089;&#1082;&#1074;&#1091; &#1085;&#1072;
    42. 

  42.                 &#1087;&#1086;&#1077;&#1079;&#1076;&#1077;.</em></span></td><td>We'll take the train to Moscow.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><p><span class="bold"><strong>Note</strong></span>:</p><div class="informalexample"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1040;&#1074;&#1090;&#1086;&#1073;&#1091;&#1089; (&#1090;&#1088;&#1086;&#1083;&#1083;&#1077;&#1081;&#1073;&#1091;&#1089;, &#1090;&#1088;&#1072;&#1084;&#1074;&#1072;&#1081;,
    43. 

  43.         &#1087;&#1086;&#1077;&#1079;&#1076;) &#1093;&#1086;&#1076;&#1080;&#1090;/&#1080;&#1076;&#1105;&#1090;.</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1052;&#1072;&#1096;&#1080;&#1085;&#1072;
    44. 

  44.         &#1077;&#1079;&#1076;&#1080;&#1090;/&#1077;&#1076;&#1077;&#1090;.</em></span></p></div><p><span class="bold"><strong>For example:</strong></span></p><div class="informalexample"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1086;&#1090; &#1080;&#1076;&#1105;&#1090; &#1085;&#1072;&#1096;
    45. 

  45.         &#1072;&#1074;&#1090;&#1086;&#1073;&#1091;&#1089;.</em></span></p><p>There goes our bus.</p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1042;&#1099; &#1085;&#1077; &#1079;&#1085;&#1072;&#1077;&#1090;&#1077;, &#1082;&#1072;&#1082;&#1086;&#1081; &#1090;&#1088;&#1072;&#1084;&#1074;&#1072;&#1081; &#1080;&#1076;&#1105;&#1090; &#1076;&#1086;
    46. 

  46.         &#1073;&#1080;&#1073;&#1083;&#1080;&#1086;&#1090;&#1077;&#1082;&#1080;?</em></span></p><p>Would you happen to know which bus goes to the library?</p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">&#1057;&#1084;&#1086;&#1090;&#1088;&#1080;&#1090;&#1077;! &#1042;&#1086;&#1090; &#1077;&#1076;&#1077;&#1090; &#1084;&#1072;&#1096;&#1080;&#1085;&#1072;
    47. 

  47.         &#1087;&#1088;&#1077;&#1079;&#1080;&#1076;&#1077;&#1085;&#1090;&#1072;!</em></span></p><p>Look! There goes the President's car!</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch09s09.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch09.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="ch09s11.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Listening Comprehension Exercise&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;In case you were wondering</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
    48.