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- <title>10. In case you were wondering</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="html.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The RUSSIAN Fast Course"><link rel="up" href="ch09.html" title="Chapter 9. Lesson 9"><link rel="prev" href="ch09s09.html" title="9. Listening Comprehension Exercise"><link rel="next" href="ch09s11.html" title="11. In case you were wondering"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">10. In case you were wondering</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch09s09.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 9. Lesson 9</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch09s11.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="d0e31411"></a>10. In case you were wondering</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e31414"></a>10.1. Verbs of Motion</h3></div></div></div><p>When speaking of actions which involve motion, either with or without some form of transport, Russian uses a system of verbs commonly referred to as the "verbs of motion". These verbs are grouped in a way unique from other verbs and, in many respects, follow their own logic and system in terms of usage. The following is a very brief and schematic explanation of these verbs. For more detailed information, you should consult any of the handbooks on Russian grammar available.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e31419"></a>10.2. "Going" verbs</h3></div></div></div><p>There are 3 verbs which convey the message of simply "going":</p><p>These are:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ходи́ть</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">идти́</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">пойти́</em></span></p></li></ul></div><p>To best understand how these are used, study the examples below:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ходи́ть</em></span> (multi-directional, indeterminate)</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup><col width="39%" class="c1"><col width="61%" class="c2"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Де́ти хо́дят в шко́лу.</em></span></td><td>The children go to school. (They make regular trips there and back.)</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Де́ти хо́дят по па́рку.</em></span></td><td>The children are strolling about the park. (random motion, no goal)</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Де́ти ходи́ли в кино́.</em></span></td><td>The children went to the movies. (They made one round trip, there and back.)</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ребёнок уже́ хо́дит.</em></span></td><td>The child is already walking. (He/she can perform the action.)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Идти́</em></span> (uni-directional, determinate)</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup><col width="39%" class="c1"><col width="61%" class="c2"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Он идёт по у́лице.</em></span></td><td>He's going along the street. (action in progress, directed toward a goal)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Когда́ он шёл в магази́н, он встре́тил своего́ дру́га.</em></span></td><td>While on his way to the store, he met his friend. (goal-directed action in progress, "intersected" by a secondary action)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Пойти́</em></span> (setting out; future intent to go)</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup><col width="39%" class="c1"><col width="61%" class="c2"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="left"><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где ва́ша сестра́? Она пошла́ в библиоте́ку.</em></span></td><td>Where's your sister? She's left for the library.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">За́втра мы пойдём в музе́й.</em></span></td><td>Tomorrow we'll go to the museum.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li></ol></div><p>All these verbs simply convey the meaning of "going" and say nothing about HOW that action will be accomplished. If it is necessary to emphasize that you will be "walking", you need to add <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">пешком</em></span> after the verb.</p><p>For example:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup><col width="50%"><col width="50%"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">У́тром де́ти иду́т в шко́лу пешко́м.</em></span></td><td>The children walk to school in the morning.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Я люблю́ ходит́ь пешко́м.</em></span></td><td>I like to walk</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Они́ хотя́т пойти́ в музе́й пешко́м.</em></span></td><td>They want to walk to the museum.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e31548"></a>10.3. "Transport" verbs</h3></div></div></div><p>If you are emphasizing that you are using a form of transportation, you will use the following verbs:</p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">е́здить</em></span></strong></span> (for <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ходи́ть</em></span></strong></span>) <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">е́хать</em></span></strong></span> (for <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">идти́</em></span></strong></span>) <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">пое́хать</em></span></strong></span> (for <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">пойти</em></span></strong></span>́) and indicate, if you wish, the form of transport in the following manner:</p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на маши́не</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на авто́бусе</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на трамва́е</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на метро́</em></span>, etc.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong>For example</strong></span>:</p><div class="informalexample"><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup><col width="50%"><col width="50%"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Мы е́здили туда́ на маши́не.</em></span></p></td><td><p>We went there by car.</p></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Он лю́бит е́здить на метро́.</em></span></td><td>He likes to take the metro.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Мы пое́дем в Москву́ на по́езде.</em></span></td><td>We'll take the train to Moscow.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><p><span class="bold"><strong>Note</strong></span>:</p><div class="informalexample"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Авто́бус (тролле́йбус, трамва́й, по́езд): хо́дит/идёт.</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Маши́на: е́здит/е́дет.</em></span></p></div><p><span class="bold"><strong>For example:</strong></span></p><div class="informalexample"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вот идёт наш авто́бус.</em></span></p><p>There goes our bus.</p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вы не зна́ете, како́й трамва́й идёт до библиоте́ки?</em></span></p><p>Would you happen to know which bus goes to the library?</p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Смотри́те! Вот е́дет маши́на президе́нта!</em></span></p><p>Look! There goes the President's car!</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch09s09.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch09.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch09s11.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">9. Listening Comprehension Exercise </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> 11. In case you were wondering</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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