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- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:epub="http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops" xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:pls="http://www.w3.org/2005/01/pronunciation-lexicon" xmlns:ssml="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/synthesis" xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><head><title>In case you were wondering</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docbook-epub.css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.2"/><link rel="prev" href="ch09s09.xhtml" title="Listening Comprehension Exercise"/><link rel="next" href="ch09s11.xhtml" title="In case you were wondering"/></head><body><header/><section class="section" title="In case you were wondering" epub:type="subchapter" id="d0e34099"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">In case you were wondering</h2></div></div></div><section class="section" title="Verbs of Motion" epub:type="division" id="d0e34102"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">Verbs of Motion</h3></div></div></div><p>When speaking of actions which involve motion, either with or without some form of
- transport, Russian uses a system of verbs commonly referred to as the "verbs of motion".
- These verbs are grouped in a way unique from other verbs and, in many respects, follow their
- own logic and system in terms of usage. The following is a very brief and schematic
- explanation of these verbs. For more detailed information, you should consult any of the
- handbooks on Russian grammar available.</p></section><section class="section" title=""Going" verbs" epub:type="division" id="d0e34107"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">"Going" verbs</h3></div></div></div><p>There are 3 verbs which convey the message of simply "going":</p><p>These are:</p><div class="itemizedlist" epub:type="list"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ходить</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">идти</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">пойти</em></span></p></li></ul></div><p>To best understand how these are used, study the examples below:</p><div class="orderedlist" epub:type="list"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ходить</em></span> (multi-directional,
- indeterminate)</p><div class="informaltable"><table style="width: 100%; border: none;"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Дети ходят в школу.</em></span></td><td>The children go to school. (They make regular trips there and
- back.)</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Дети ходят по парку.</em></span></td><td>The children are strolling about the park. (random motion, no goal)</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Дети ходили в кино.</em></span></td><td>The children went to the movies. (They made one round trip, there and
- back.)</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ребёнок уже ходит.</em></span></td><td>The child is already walking. (He/she can perform the action.)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Идти</em></span> (uni-directional,
- determinate)</p><div class="informaltable"><table style="width: 100%; border: none;"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Он идёт по улице.</em></span></td><td>He's going along the street. (action in progress, directed toward a
- goal)</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Когда он шёл в магазин, он встретил своего
- друга.</em></span></td><td>While on his way to the store, he met his friend. (goal-directed action in
- progress, "intersected" by a secondary action)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Пойти</em></span> (setting out; future intent to
- go)</p><div class="informaltable"><table style="width: 100%; border: none;"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где ваша сестра? Она пошла в
- библиотеку.</em></span></td><td>Where's your sister? She's left for the library.</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Завтра мы пойдём в
- музей.</em></span></td><td>Tomorrow we'll go to the museum.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li></ol></div><p>All these verbs simply convey the meaning of "going" and say nothing about HOW that
- action will be accomplished. If it is necessary to emphasize that you will be "walking", you
- need to add <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">пешком</em></span> after the verb.</p><p>For example:</p><div class="informaltable"><table style="width: 100%; border: none;"><colgroup><col/><col/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Утром дети идут в школу
- пешком.</em></span></td><td>Thre children walk to school in the morning.</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Я люблю ходить пешком.</em></span></td><td>I like to walk</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Они хотят пойти в музей
- пешком.</em></span></td><td>They want to walk to the museum.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></section><section class="section" title=""Transport" verbs" epub:type="division" id="d0e34236"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">"Transport" verbs</h3></div></div></div><p>If you are emphasizing that you are using a form of transportation, you will use the
- following verbs:</p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ездить</em></span> (for <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ходить</em></span>) <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ехать</em></span> (for
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">идти</em></span>) <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">поехать</em></span> (for <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">пойти</em></span>) and
- indicate, if you wish, the form of transport in the following manner:</p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на машине</em></span>, <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на
- автобусе</em></span>, <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на трамвае</em></span>,
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на метро</em></span>, etc.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong>For example</strong></span>:</p><div class="informalexample"><div class="informaltable"><table style="width: 100%; border: none;"><colgroup><col/><col/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Мы ездили туда на машине.
- </em></span></p></td><td><p>We went there by car. </p></td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Он любит ездить на
- метро.</em></span></td><td>He likes to take the metro.</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Мы поедем в Москву на
- поезде.</em></span></td><td>We'll take the train to Moscow.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><p><span class="bold"><strong>Note</strong></span>:</p><div class="informalexample"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Автобус (троллейбус, трамвай, поезд)
- ходит/идёт.</em></span></p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Машина ездит/едет.</em></span></p></div><p><span class="bold"><strong>For example:</strong></span></p><div class="informalexample"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вот идёт наш автобус.</em></span></p><p>There goes our bus.</p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вы не знаете, какой трамвай идёт до
- библиотеки?</em></span></p><p>Would you happen to know which bus goes to the library?</p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Смотрите! Вот едет машина
- президента!</em></span></p><p>Look! There goes the President's car!</p></div></section></section><footer/></body></html>
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