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- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>In case you were wondering</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.2"/></head><body><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e38154" shape="rect"/>In case you were wondering</h1></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="d0e38157" shape="rect"/>Verbs of Motion</h2></div></div></div><p>When speaking of actions which involve motion, either with or without some form of
- transport, Russian uses a system of verbs commonly referred to as the "verbs of motion".
- These verbs are grouped in a way unique from other verbs and, in many respects, follow their
- own logic and system in terms of usage. The following is a very brief and schematic
- explanation of these verbs. For more detailed information, you should consult any of the
- handbooks on Russian grammar available.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="d0e38162" shape="rect"/>"Going" verbs</h2></div></div></div><p>There are 3 verbs which convey the message of simply "going":</p><p>These are:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist"><li class="listitem"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ходи́ть</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">идти́</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">пойти́</em></span></p></li></ul></div><p>To best understand how these are used, study the examples below:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist"><li class="listitem"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ходи́ть</em></span> (multi-directional,
- indeterminate)</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Де́ти хо́дят в шко́лу.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The children go to school. (They make regular trips there and
- back.)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Де́ти хо́дят по
- па́рку.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The children are strolling about the park. (random motion, no goal)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Де́ти ходи́ли в кино́.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The children went to the movies. (They made one round trip, there and
- back.)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ребёнок уже́ хо́дит.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The child is already walking. (He/she can perform the action.)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Идти́</em></span> (uni-directional,
- determinate)</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Он идёт по у́лице.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">He's going along the street. (action in progress, directed toward a
- goal)</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Когда́ он шёл в магази́н, он
- встре́тил своего́ дру́га.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">While on his way to the store, he met his friend. (goal-directed action in
- progress, "intersected" by a secondary action)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Пойти́</em></span> (setting out; future intent to
- go)</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где ва́ша сестра́? Она пошла́ в
- библиоте́ку.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where's your sister? She's left for the library.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">За́втра мы пойдём в
- музе́й.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tomorrow we'll go to the museum.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li></ol></div><p>All these verbs simply convey the meaning of "going" and say nothing about HOW that
- action will be accomplished. If it is necessary to emphasize that you will be "walking", you
- need to add <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">пешком</em></span> after the verb.</p><p>For example:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup span="1"><col span="1"/><col span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">У́тром де́ти иду́т в шко́лу
- пешко́м.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The children walk to school in the morning.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Я люблю́ ходит́ь пешко́м.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">I like to walk</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Они́ хотя́т пойти́ в музе́й
- пешко́м.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">They want to walk to the museum.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="d0e38291" shape="rect"/>"Transport" verbs</h2></div></div></div><p>If you are emphasizing that you are using a form of transportation, you will use the
- following verbs:</p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">е́здить</em></span></strong></span>
- (for <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ходи́ть</em></span></strong></span>)
- <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">е́хать</em></span></strong></span> (for
- <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">идти́</em></span></strong></span>)
- <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">пое́хать</em></span></strong></span>
- (for <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">пойти</em></span></strong></span>́)
- and indicate, if you wish, the form of transport in the following manner:</p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на маши́не</em></span>, <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на
- авто́бусе</em></span>, <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на трамва́е</em></span>,
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на метро́</em></span>, etc.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong>For example</strong></span>:</p><div class="informalexample"><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup span="1"><col span="1"/><col span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
- <p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Мы е́здили туда́ на маши́не.
- </em></span></p>
- </td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
- <p>We went there by car. </p>
- </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Он лю́бит е́здить на
- метро́.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">He likes to take the metro.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Мы пое́дем в Москву́ на
- по́езде.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">We'll take the train to Moscow.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><p><span class="bold"><strong>Note</strong></span>:</p><div class="informalexample"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Авто́бус (тролле́йбус, трамва́й, по́езд):
- хо́дит/идёт.</em></span></p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Маши́на: е́здит/е́дет.</em></span></p></div><p><span class="bold"><strong>For example:</strong></span></p><div class="informalexample"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вот идёт наш авто́бус.</em></span></p><p>There goes our bus.</p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вы не зна́ете, како́й трамва́й идёт до
- библиоте́ки?</em></span></p><p>Would you happen to know which bus goes to the library?</p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Смотри́те! Вот е́дет маши́на
- президе́нта!</em></span></p><p>Look! There goes the President's car!</p></div></div></div></body></html>
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