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- <title>2. Россия и карта мира.</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="html.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The RUSSIAN Fast Course"><link rel="up" href="ch02.html" title="Chapter 2. Lesson 2"><link rel="prev" href="ch02s01.html" title="1. Добро пожаловать в Россию! Welcome to Russia!"><link rel="next" href="ch03.html" title="Chapter 3. Lesson 3"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">2. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Россия и карта мира</em></span>.</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch02s01.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 2. Lesson 2</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch03.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="d0e6361"></a>2. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Россия и карта мира</em></span>.</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e6366"></a>2.1. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №1.</h3></div></div></div><p>Russia shares common borders with 14 different countries. They are listed here for you to read in Russian. After reading this list, see if you can find them on a map. Which of these are former republics of the Soviet Union?</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col width="33%"><col width="33%"><col width="34%"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Норвегия</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Польша</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Казахстан</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Финляндия</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Белоруссия</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Китай</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Эстония</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Украина</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Монголия</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Латвия</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Грузия</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Северная Корея</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Литва</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Азербайджан</em></span></td><td> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>Russia also borders on several large bodies of water. They are listed below:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col width="50%" class="c1"><col width="50%" class="c2"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Балтийское море</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Северный Ледовитый океан</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Финский залив</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Тихий океан</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Чёрное море</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Японское море</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Азовское море</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Охотское море</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Каспийское море</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Берингово море</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e6467"></a>2.2. Упражнение №2.</h3></div></div></div><p>Using the compass points below, tell your instructor where the 14 nations andthe bodies of water are located:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col width="50%"><col width="50%"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>in the north</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на севере</em></span></td></tr><tr><td>in the south</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на юге</em></span></td></tr><tr><td>in the west</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на западе</em></span></td></tr><tr><td>in the east</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на востоке</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="resources/FsiRussianFast-Lessons2-5-2.png" align="middle"></div><p>Russia is divided into a number of distinct areas, based on the geographic features of each region. Some of the most common of these are:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col width="50%"><col width="50%"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Центральный район</em></span></td><td>Central (region) Russia</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Урал</em></span></td><td>Ural Mountains</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Поволжье</em></span></td><td>Volga River Valley</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Сибирь</em></span></td><td>Siberia</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Дальний Восток</em></span></td><td>Far East</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>The following cities are located in these geographic areas:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col width="6%" class="c1"><col width="47%" class="c2"><col width="47%" class="c3"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Москва в Центральном районе.</em></span></td><td>Moscow is in Central Russia.</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Екатеринбург на Урале</em></span></td><td>Yekaterinburg is in the Urals.</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Волгоград в Поволжье.</em></span></td><td>Volgograd is in the Volga River Valley.</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Новосибирск в Сибири.</em></span></td><td>Novosibirsk is in Siberia.</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Владивосток на Дальнем Востоке.</em></span></td><td>Vladivostok is in the Far East.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>See if you can locate these cities on the map shown here.</p><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><table border="0" summary="manufactured viewport for HTML img" style="cellpadding: 0; cellspacing: 0;" width="531"><tr><td align="center"><img src="resources/FsiRussianFast-Lessons2-5-3.png" align="middle" width="531"></td></tr></table></div><p>After August 1991, the names of many Russian cities were changed:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col width="50%"><col width="50%"></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Present</th><th>Former</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Санкт-Петербург</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ленинград</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Нижний Новгород</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Горький</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Екатеринбург</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Свердловск</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Тверь</em></span></td><td>Калинин</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Сергиев Посад</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Заго́рск</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>The same is true of numerous locations and landmarks in Moscow and other Russian cities:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col width="50%" class="c1"><col width="50%" class="c2"></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Present</th><th>Former</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Тверская</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">улица Горького</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Новинский бульвар</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">улица Чайковского</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Театральная площадь</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">площадь Свердлова</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Лубянская площадь</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">площадь Дзержинского</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Манежная площадь</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">площадь 50-летия Октября</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>But "Red Square" is still Red Square!</p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Красная площадь</em></span></strong></span> has been called <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Красная</em></span></strong></span> (red) since the second half of the 17th century. The square was constructed towards the end of the 15th century (around the time of Columbus' discovery of America) when Tsar Ivan the Great <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Иван Великий</em></span></strong></span> was building the magnificent cathedrals of the Kremlin <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Кремль</em></span></strong></span>, that walled fortress which was the heart of the city's defenses. Every major city in Russia would have had a kremlin, but the Moscow one is by far the most famous.</p><p>The square was first called <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Торг</em></span></strong></span> (Trading Place) and was the site for some very lively commerce. Later, in the 16th century, it became known as<span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Троицкая</em></span></strong></span> (Trinity Square) in honor of the Trinity Cathedral which stood at the southern end of the square. In 1571 the square was renamed <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Пожар</em></span></strong></span> (The Fire) after the great fire of that year. Finally, the square was named <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Красная</em></span></strong></span> when it was cleared of all the trading stalls at the end of the 17th century. At that time the word <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">красный</em></span></strong></span>(red) meant <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">красивый</em></span></strong></span> (beautiful), and had nothing to do with the red brick of the Kremlin wall which runs along one of its sides.</p><div class="mediaobject"><table border="0" summary="manufactured viewport for HTML img" style="cellpadding: 0; cellspacing: 0;" width="461"><tr><td><img src="resources/FsiRussianFast-Lessons2-5-4.png" width="461"></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e6733"></a>2.3. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №3.</h3></div></div></div><p>Listen to the sentences your instructor will read aloud and write down in English any place names you recognize</p><p>1. ____________________</p><p>2. ____________________</p><p>3. ____________________</p><p>4. ____________________</p><p>5. ____________________</p><p>6. ____________________</p><p>7. ____________________</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e6754"></a>2.4. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №4.</h3></div></div></div><p>Listen to the statements your instructor will read aloud and indicate whether they are true (T) or false (F)</p><div class="informaltable"><table frame="void"><col width="33%"><col width="33%"><col width="33%"><tbody><tr><td>1. ____________________</td><td>4. ____________________</td><td>7. ____________________</td></tr><tr><td>2. ____________________</td><td>5. ____________________</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3. ____________________</td><td>6. ____________________</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e6785"></a>2.5. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №5.</h3></div></div></div><p>Practice writing place names in Russian as your instructor reads them aloud. He/she will read each one twice and then will write them on the board so that you can check your work.</p><p>1. ____________________</p><p>2. ____________________</p><p>3.. ____________________</p><p>4. ____________________</p><p>5. ____________________</p><p>6. ____________________</p><p>7. ____________________</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e6807"></a>2.6. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №6.</h3></div></div></div><p>Answer the following questions according to the model.</p><div class="informaltable"><table width="100%"><col width="4cm"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top"><td>Instructor:</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Москва - столица России</em></span>?</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>Student:</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Да, Москва - столица России.</em></span></td></tr></table></div><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Осло - столица Норвегии?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Хельсинки - столица Финляндии?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Париж - столица Франции?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Бонн - столица Германии?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Варшава - столица Польши</em></span>?</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Оттава - столица Канады?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вашингтон - столица Америки?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Лондон - столица Англии?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Мадрид - столица Испании?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Рим - столица Италии?</em></span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e6873"></a>2.7. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №7.</h3></div></div></div><p>Answer the questions truthfully, according to the models:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col width="26%" class="c1"><col width="74%" class="c2"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>Instructor:</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Париж - столица Франции?</em></span></td></tr><tr><td>Student:</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Да, Париж - столица Франции.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td>Instructor:</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Анкара - столица Индии?</em></span></td></tr><tr><td>Student:</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Нет, Новый Дели - столица Индии.</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Токио - столица Китая?</em></span> (<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Пекин</em></span>)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Манила - столица Филиппин?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Мадрас - столица Индии?</em></span> (<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Новый Дели</em></span>)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Анкара - столица Ирана?</em></span> (<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Тегеран</em></span>)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Лондон - столица Англии?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Стокгольм - столица Швеции?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Афины - столица Греции?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Канберра - столица Австрии? </em></span>(<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вена</em></span>)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Каир - столица Египта?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Аддис-Абеба - столица Эфиопии?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Тель-Авив - столица Израиля?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Р<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">им - столица Итапии?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Мадрид - столица Португалии?</em></span> (<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Лиссабон</em></span>)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Гавана - столица Кубы?</em></span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e6987"></a>2.8. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №8: <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">какой</em></span>?</h3></div></div></div><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Какой</em></span>? is the question word which asks: "Which?". Listen carefully as your instructor asks:</p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Какой город столица Англии?</em></span></strong></span></p><p>Which city is the capital of England?</p><p>You'll answer:</p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Лондон</em></span>.</strong></span></p><p>Continue, using the cities and countries given in Exercise 7. See how many you might be able to add on your own.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e7015"></a>2.9. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №9: что это?</h3></div></div></div><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Что это?</em></span></strong></span> asks "What is this? What is that?" When answering, you'll begin your answer with <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Это</strong></span></em></span>... This is/That is...</p><p>Now your instructor will point to various cities on the map and will ask:</p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Что это?</em></span></strong></span> What is this? (pointing to Moscow)</p><p>You'll answer by naming the city, using this model:</p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Это Москва</strong></span>.</em></span> That is Moscow.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e7045"></a>2.10. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №10:<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"> где?</em></span> <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вот</em></span>.</h3></div></div></div><p>Answer the following questions substituting the appropriate pronoun for the noun.</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col width="25%"><col width="25%"><col width="25%"><col width="25%"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>Instructor</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Москва?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Лондон?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Чёрное море?</em></span></td></tr><tr><td>Student</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вот она.</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вот он.</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вот оно.</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" frame="void" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top"><td><span class="bold"><strong>A.</strong></span></td><td><span class="bold"><strong>В.</strong></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Лондон?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Прага?</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Париж?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Тирана?</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Санкт-Петербург?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Москва?</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Берлин?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где София?</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Мадрид?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Варшава?</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Рим?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Вена?</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Вашингтон?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Братислава?</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где город Токио?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Ялта?</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где город Осло?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Гаага?</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span class="bold"><strong>С.</strong></span></td><td><span class="bold"><strong>D.</strong></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Россия?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Каспийское море?</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Канада?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Чёрное море?</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Япония?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где озеро Байкал?</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Эфиопия?</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где Балтийское море?</em></span></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e7194"></a>2.11. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №11.</h3></div></div></div><p>Take a look at the following advertisements. Pick out all words which are familiar to you. Any guesses as to what the ads are all about? Ask your instructor if you need help.</p><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><table border="0" summary="manufactured viewport for HTML img" style="cellpadding: 0; cellspacing: 0;" width="602"><tr><td align="center"><img src="resources/FsiRussianFast-Lessons2-5-5.png" align="middle" width="602"></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e7205"></a>2.12. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №12.</h3></div></div></div><p></p><p>Your instructor wants you to show where various places are on the map. He/she will ask you:</p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите</em></span>...</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите Волгу.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите Сибирь.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите Тихий океан.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите Финский залив.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите Каспийское море.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите Северный Ледовитый океан.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите Чёрное море.</em></span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e7246"></a>2.13. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №13.</h3></div></div></div><p>Read through this list of Russian cities and sort them according to the regions</p><p>in the table below. Use the map, or ask your instructor for help.</p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Иркутск</em></span>, Владивосток, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Хабаровск</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Пермь</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Самара</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Челябинск</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Москва</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Новгород</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Екатеринбург</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Петропавловск</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Оренбург</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Тверь</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Красноярск</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Кострома</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Новосибирск</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Владимир</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Саратов</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ярославль</em></span>.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1" frame="box" width="100%"><col width="30%"><col width="70%"><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Сибирь</em></span></td><td></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Дальний Восток</em></span></td><td></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Поволжье</em></span></td><td></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Урал</em></span></td><td></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Центральный район</em></span></td><td></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e7335"></a>2.14. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Климат России. Погода.</em></span></h3></div></div></div><p></p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col width="50%"><col width="50%"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Россия большая страна.</em></span></td><td>Russia is a large country.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Климат России разнообразный:на Крайнем Севере - арктический.</em></span></td><td>The climate of Russia is varied:in the Far North - arctic.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">На юге, в Сочи -субтропический.</em></span></td><td>In the south, in Sochi - subtropical.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В европейской части Россиии в Сибири климат умеренный, континентальный.</em></span></td><td>In the European part of Russia and in Siberia the climate is moderate, continental.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">На западе - мягкий,на востоке и северо-востоке -очень холодный и суровый.</em></span></td><td>In the west it is mild and in the east and northeast - very cold and severe.</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">На Дальнем Востоке климат морской.</em></span></td><td>In the Far East the climate is maritime.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e7380"></a>2.15. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №14.</h3></div></div></div><p>Examine the weather forecasts below and:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>a. read the names of the cities and the legend (explanation of symbols).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>b. tell where it is sunny <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">солнечно</em></span></strong></span>, overcast <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">облачно</em></span></strong></span>, raining <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">дождь</em></span></strong></span> or snowing <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">снег</em></span></strong></span>.</p></li></ul></div><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="resources/FsiRussianFast-Lessons2-5-6.png" align="middle"></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e7414"></a>2.16. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Россия и Ближнее Зарубежье.</em></span> Russia and the Newly Independent States of Eurasia</h3></div></div></div><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col width="26%" class="c1"><col width="74%" class="c2"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Россия</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Москва - столица России.</em></span><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В России живут русские.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Украина</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Киев - столица Украины.</em></span><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Украине живут украинцы.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Латвия</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Рига - столица Латвии. </em></span> <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Латвии живут латыши</em></span>.</td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Литва</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вильнюс - столица Литвы.</em></span><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Литве живут литовцы.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Эстония</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Таллин - столица Эстонии.</em></span><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Эстонии живут эстонцы.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Молдавия</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Кишинёв - столица Молдавии.</em></span><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Молдавии живут молдаване.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Белоруссия</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Минск - столица Белоруссии.</em></span><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Белоруссии живут белорусы.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Грузия</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Тбилиси - столица Грузии.</em></span><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Грузии живут грузины.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Армения</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ереван - столица Армении.</em></span><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Армении живут армяне.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Азербайджан</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Баку - столица Азербайджана.</em></span><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Азербайджане живут азербайджанцы.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Узбекистан</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ташкент - столица Узбекистана.</em></span><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Узбекистане живут узбеки.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Казахстан</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Алма-Ата - столица Казахстана. В Казахстане живут казахи.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Туркмения</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ашхабад - столица Туркмении.</em></span><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Туркмении живут туркмены.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Таджикистан</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Душанбе - столица Таджикистана.</em></span><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Таджикистане живут таджики.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Киргизия</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Бишкек - столица Киргизии.</em></span><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Киргизии живут киргизы.</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e7575"></a>2.17. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №15.</h3></div></div></div><p>Fill in the blanks, orally.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="1.06*"><col width="1.0*"><tr valign="top"><td>1. ____________________</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">столица Белоруссии.</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>2. ____________________</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">столица Грузии.</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>3. ____________________</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">столица Киргизии.</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>4. ____________________</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">столица Туркмении.</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>5. ____________________</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">столица Литвы.</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>6. ____________________</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">столица Украины.</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>7. ____________________</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">столица Узбекистана.</em></span></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e7627"></a>2.18. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №16.</h3></div></div></div><p>Fill in the blanks, orally.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tbody><tr valign="top"><td>1. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Армении живут</em></span></td><td>____________________</td></tr></tbody><tbody><tr valign="top"><td align="left">2. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Азербайджане живут</em></span></td><td>____________________</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>3. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Молдавии живут</em></span></td><td>____________________</td></tr></tbody><tbody><tr valign="top"><td>4. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Эстонии живут</em></span></td><td>____________________</td></tr></tbody><tbody><tr valign="top"><td>5. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Таджикистане живут</em></span></td><td>____________________</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>6. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Казахстане живут</em></span></td><td>____________________</td></tr></tbody><tbody><tr align="left" valign="top"><td>7. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Латвии живут</em></span></td><td>____________________</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e7691"></a>2.19. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №17.</h3></div></div></div><p>Answer the following questions according the models:</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="4cm"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top"><td align="left">Instructor:</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Таджики живут в Таджикистане?</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>Student:</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Да, они живут в Таджикистане.</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td align="left">Instructor:</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Эстонцы живут в Латвии?</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>Student:</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Нет, они живут в Эстонии.</em></span></td></tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="1.0cm"><col width="1.0*"><col width="1.02*"><tr valign="top"><td align="right">1.</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Русские живут в России?</em></span></td><td>____________________</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td align="right">2.</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Грузины живут в Грузии?</em></span></td><td>____________________</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td align="right">3.</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Казахи живут в Казахстане?</em></span></td><td>____________________</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td align="right">4.</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Молдаване живут в Белоруссии?</em></span></td><td>____________________</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td align="right">5.</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Узбеки живут в Латвии?</em></span></td><td>____________________</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td align="right">6.</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Туркмены живут в Киргизии?</em></span></td><td>____________________</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td align="right">7.</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Азербайджанцы живут в Литве?</em></span></td><td>____________________</td></tr></table></div><p>Of course, as you well know, the Newly Independent States are home to many nationalities. The above exercise, and the ones following, in no way suggest that these new countries have entirely homogeneous populations.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e7788"></a>2.20. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №18.</h3></div></div></div><p>Using the map, indicate the home countries of the given nationalities.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите где живут украинцы.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите где живут узбеки.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите где живут армяне.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите где живут русские.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите где живут белорусы.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите где живут литовцы.</em></span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e7820"></a>2.21. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №19.</h3></div></div></div><p>Using the map, indicate the capitals of the following countries:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите столицу Казахстана.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите столицу Молдавии.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите столицу Туркмении.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите столицу Украины.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите столицу России.</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите столицу Армении.</em></span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e7852"></a>2.22. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №20.</h3></div></div></div><p></p><p>Listen to the following statements your instructor will read aloud. Indicate whether they are true (<span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">правильно</em></span></strong></span>) or false (<span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">неправильно</em></span></strong></span>):</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Киргизии живут киргизы?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Таджики живут в Таджикистане?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Узбекистане живут узбеки?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Русские живут в Азербайджане?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Эстонии живут казахи?</em></span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Латыши живут в Латвии?</em></span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e7894"></a>2.23. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Упражнение</em></span> №21.</h3></div></div></div><p>Match the countries with their capitals.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Эстония</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ереван</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Таджикистан</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Рига</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Россия</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Минск</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Казахстан</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Тбилиси</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Литва</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Бишкек</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Грузия</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Киев</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Туркмения</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вильнюс</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>Молдавия</td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Москва</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Латвия</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Душанбе</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Узбекистан</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ашхабад</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Армения</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Кишинёв</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Украина</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Таллин</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Азербайджан</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Баку</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Белоруссия</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Алма-ата</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Киргизия</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ташкент</em></span></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e8009"></a>2.24. In case you were wondering</h3></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d0e8012"></a>2.24.1. A. Cases</h4></div></div></div><p></p><p>Russian is an <span class="italic">inflected </span>language which simply means that nouns (and their modifiers) will change their shape to indicate a change of function within the sentence. A noun may function as a <span class="bold"><strong>subject</strong></span>, an <span class="bold"><strong>indirect object</strong></span> or <span class="bold"><strong>direct object</strong></span> or the <span class="bold"><strong>object of a preposition</strong></span>. In each instance it will change its ending to inform you of its particular role.</p><p>Each of these functions is indicated by a set of endings (1 each for each of the genders and 1 for plural), which are grouped into CASES:</p><div class="informaltable"><table width="100%"><col width="40%"><col width="60%"><tr valign="top"><td>1. Nominative</td><td>names the subject (who? what?)</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>2. Genitive</td><td>shows possession (whose?)</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>3. Dative</td><td>indicates the indirect object, recipient of the action (to whom? to what?)</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>4. Accusative</td><td>indicates the direct object (whom? what?)</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>5. Instrumental</td><td>indicates instrument or means; or accompaniment (how? with what? with whom?)</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>6. Locative/Prepositional</td><td>shows location (where?); indicates the object of the preposition (about whom? about what?)</td></tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d0e8068"></a>2.24.2. B. Gender of Russian nouns</h4></div></div></div><p>All Russian nouns belong to one of three <span class="italic">grammatical </span><span class="bold"><strong>genders: </strong></span><span class="bold"><strong>masculine, neuter </strong></span>or <span class="bold"><strong>feminine. </strong></span>Do not confuse <span class="bold"><strong>gender </strong></span>with <span class="bold"><strong>sex; </strong></span>the word for table in Russian is a <span class="bold"><strong>masculine gender </strong></span>noun, but there's nothing <span class="italic">male </span>about the object; book in Russian is a <span class="bold"><strong>feminine gender </strong></span>noun, but there's nothing inherently <span class="italic">female </span>about it. However, nouns referring to male beings will (usually) be masculine gender; those referring to female beings will be feminine gender.</p><p>In most cases, the gender of the noun can be determined by its ending. The table below illustrates this:</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr align="center" valign="top"><td><span class="bold"><strong>MASCULINE</strong></span></td><td><span class="bold"><strong>NEUTER</strong></span></td><td><span class="bold"><strong>FEMININE</strong></span></td></tr><tr align="center" valign="top"><td>end in a consonant or<span class="bold"><strong>-b</strong></span></td><td>end in -<span class="bold"><strong>о</strong></span> or -<span class="bold"><strong>е</strong></span></td><td>end in -<span class="bold"><strong>а</strong></span>, -<span class="bold"><strong>я</strong></span> or -<span class="bold"><strong>ь</strong></span></td></tr><tr align="center" valign="top"><td><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">паспорт</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">автомобиль</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">портфель</em></span></p></td><td><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">озеро</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">море</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">пальто</em></span></p></td><td><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">виза</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">фамилия</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Сибирь</em></span></p></td></tr><tr align="center" valign="top"><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">он</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">оно</em></span></strong></span></td><td><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">она</em></span></strong></span></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d0e8183"></a>2.24.3. C. Adjectives.</h4></div></div></div><p>Adjectives agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number and case. This means that when a singular feminine noun is in the nominative case (the subject of the sentence), the adjective that describes that noun must be nominative, singular, feminine. Since the noun and adjective do not necessarily stand together in the sentence, agreement is especially important. Agreement in the nominative may look like this:</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top"><td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">OН</em></span></strong></span></td><td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ОНО</em></span></strong></span></td><td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ОНА</em></span></strong></span></td></tr><tr align="center" valign="top"><td><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новый дом</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">хороший студент</em></span></p></td><td align="left"><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новое здание</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">хорошее вино</em></span></p></td><td><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новая квартира</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">хорошая студентка</em></span></p></td></tr></table></div><div class="informaltable"><table border="1" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top"><td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ОНИ</em></span></strong></span></td><td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ОНИ</em></span></strong></span></td><td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ОНИ</em></span></strong></span></td></tr><tr align="center" valign="top"><td><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новые дома</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">а хорошие студенты</em></span></p></td><td><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новые здания</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">хорошие вина</em></span></p></td><td><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новые квартиры</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">хорошие студентки</em></span></p></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d0e8266"></a>2.24.4. D. Personal pronouns.</h4></div></div></div><p></p><p>Russian uses pronouns in much the same way English does; they take the place of, or refer back to nouns. The table below shows the correspondence between Russian and English pronouns:</p><div class="informalexample"><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="3cm"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">я</em></span></td><td align="left">I</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ты</em></span></td><td align="left">you (sing, and informal)</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">он</em></span>/<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">она</em></span>/<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">оно</em></span></td><td align="left">he/she/it</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">мы</em></span></td><td align="left">we</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">вы</em></span></td><td align="left">you (pi. and formal)</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">они</em></span></td><td align="left">they</td></tr></table></div></div><p>As you can see by this table, Russian has two pronouns for the second person you. <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ты</em></span></strong></span> is informal and singular; <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">вы</em></span></strong></span> is formal and/or plural. (See the comments on <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ты</em></span></strong></span> and<span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">вы</em></span></strong></span> in Lesson 3).</p><p>As in English, Russian pronouns change form as their function changes in the sentence. Take a look at the following sentences:</p><p><span class="bold"><strong>I know you.</strong></span></p><p><span class="bold"><strong>You know me.</strong></span></p><p>I changes to me when it switches from the role of subject to the role of object.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Я знаю вас.</em></span></strong></span></p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вы знаете меня.</em></span></strong></span></p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d0e8354"></a>2.24.5. E. вот</h4></div></div></div><p><span class="bold"><strong>Вот </strong></span>is used in Russian in the sense of "Here is..." when pointing to something or someone. For example:</p><div class="informalexample"><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">-Где багаж?</em></span></td><td>Where's the luggage?</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">-Вот он.</em></span></td><td>Неге it is.</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">-Где Линда?</em></span></td><td>Where's Linda?</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">-Вот она.</em></span></td><td>Here she is.</td></tr></table></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d0e8389"></a>2.24.6. F. Why do verbs have different forms?</h4></div></div></div><p></p><p>The verb<span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">жить</em></span></strong></span> [to live] appears in two forms in this lesson: <span class="bold"><strong>(<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">он</em></span>/<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">она</em></span>) </strong></span><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">живёт</em></span></strong></span>and <span class="bold"><strong>(<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">он</em></span>и) <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">живут</em></span>. </strong></span>Verbs in Russian, as in English, agree with their subjects in terms of person (I, you, he/she, we, they) and number (He <span class="italic">lives, </span>vs They <span class="italic">live.). </span>The two forms indicated here are for a singular subject and a plural subject, respectively.</p><div class="informalexample"><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Он живёт в Москве.</em></span></td><td>Не lives in Moscow.</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Она живёт в Киеве.</em></span></td><td>She lives in Kiev.</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Они живут в Америке.</em></span></td><td>They live in America.</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Кто живёт в Украине?</em></span></td><td>Who lives in Ukraine?</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В Украине живут украинцы.</em></span></td><td>Ukrainians live in Ukraine.</td></tr></table></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d0e8461"></a>2.24.7. G. The verb жить (present tense)</h4></div></div></div><p>Here is the verb <span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">жить</em></span></strong></span>in all forms of the present tense:</p><div class="informalexample"><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="4cm"><col width="4cm"><tr align="center"><td align="center" colspan="2" valign="top"><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">жить</em></span> / to live</strong></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">я живу</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">мы живём</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ты живёшь</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">вы живёте</em></span></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">он живёт</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">они живут</em></span></td></tr></table></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d0e8501"></a>2.24.8. Н. The question word <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">какой</em></span></h4></div></div></div><p></p><p><span class="bold"><strong><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Какой</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">какое</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">какая</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">какие</em></span> </strong></span>is a question word which asks: «Which?» or «What kind of? ...» It is an adjective and will agree in gender, number and case with the word it modifies. The first three forms shown here are the masculine, neuter and feminine forms, respectively. The fourth is the plural. Compare these forms to those of the adjectives in the table on page 29.</p><div class="informaltable"><table width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr align="center" valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">OH</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">OHO</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ОНА</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ОНИ</em></span></td></tr><tr align="center" valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">какой</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">какое</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">какая</em></span></td><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">какие</em></span></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="d0e8553"></a>2.24.9. Nominative Case</h4></div></div></div><p>The nominative case is used to indicate the subject of a sentence. It is also used for other nouns in the sentence which give more information about the subject. As it is the dictionary form for nouns and adjectives, you should memorize nouns and adjectives in their nominative case forms.</p><div class="informalexample"><div class="informaltable"><table border="0" width="100%"><col width="1*"><col width="1*"><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Я иду в театр.</em></span></td><td>I am going to the theater.</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Книга на столе.</em></span></td><td>The book is on the table.</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вот дом.</em></span></td><td>There is the house.</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Это моя ручка.</em></span></td><td>This is my pen.</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Мой брат - инженер.</em></span></td><td>My brother is an engineer.</td></tr><tr align="left"><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">В институте работают американские физики.</em></span></td><td>American physicists work in the institute.</td></tr></table></div></div><p>Because Russian has cases, word order in a sentence is less important than it is in English. The subject [that noun plus its modifiers in the nominative case] can come at the beginning, in the middle or at the end of the sentence. Knowing the nominative case endings for nouns and adjectives will help you find the subject of the sentence more quickly.</p><p>Adjectives are linked to their nouns by their endings. The adjective may stand in front of, after, or at a distance from the noun it modifies. You can always find the adjective which modifies a noun by looking for the one whose ending matches in gender, number, and case that of the noun.</p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Это Бел<span class="bold"><strong>ый</strong></span> дом.</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Она учительниц<span class="bold"><strong>а</strong></span> хорош<span class="bold"><strong>ая</strong></span>, опытн<span class="bold"><strong>ая</strong></span>.</em></span></p><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Русск<span class="bold"><strong>ий</strong></span> язык очень интересн<span class="bold"><strong>ый</strong></span>, но трудн<span class="bold"><strong>ый</strong></span>.</em></span></p></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e8632"></a>2.25. Useful words and expressions</h3></div></div></div><p></p><div class="table"><a name="d0e8636"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 2.1. Useful words and expressions</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table class="table" summary="Useful words and expressions" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup><col width="50%"><col width="50%"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">в</em></span></td><td>in, inside</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">восток; на востоке</em></span></td><td>east; in the east</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">вот</em></span></td><td>here</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Где?</em></span></td><td>Where?</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">город</em></span></td><td>city, town</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Добро пожаловать!</em></span></td><td>Welcome</td></tr><tr><td><p><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">жить</em></span></p><p>(<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">я живу</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">вы живёте</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">они живут</em></span>)</p></td><td>to live</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">запад</em></span>; <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на западе</em></span></td><td>west; in the west</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">какой</em></span>/<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">какое</em></span>/<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">какая</em></span>/<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">какие</em></span></td><td>what kind of; which; which one(s)</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Кто?</em></span></td><td>who</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Кто это?</em></span></td><td>Who is that?</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на</em></span></td><td>on; at; in</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">он</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">она</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">оно</em></span>, <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">они</em></span></td><td>he; she; it; they</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Покажите</em></span>...</td><td>Show...</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">погода</em></span></td><td>weather</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">север</em></span>; <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">на севере</em></span></td><td>north; in the north</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">столица</em></span></td><td>capital</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">что</em></span></td><td>what</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Что это?</em></span></td><td>What is that/this</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">это</em></span></td><td>this/that</td></tr><tr><td><span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">юг</em></span>;<span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"> на юге</em></span></td><td>south; in the south</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch02s01.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch02.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch03.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">1. <span lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Добро пожаловать в Россию</em></span>! Welcome to Russia! </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 3. Lesson 3</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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